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Philchenkov A, Dubrovska A. Cancer Stem Cells as a Therapeutic Target: Current Clinical Development and Future Prospective. Stem Cells 2024; 42:173-199. [PMID: 38096483 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The key role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor development and therapy resistance makes them essential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Numerous agents targeting CSCs, either as monotherapy or as part of combination therapy, are currently being tested in clinical trials to treat solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Data from ongoing and future clinical trials testing novel approaches to target tumor stemness-related biomarkers and pathways may pave the way for further clinical development of CSC-targeted treatments and CSC-guided selection of therapeutic regimens. In this concise review, we discuss recent progress in developing CSC-directed treatment approaches, focusing on clinical trials testing CSC-directed therapies. We also consider the further development of CSC-assay-guided patient stratification and treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Philchenkov
- RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
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Atwani R, Rogers A, Nagare R, Prasad M, Lazar V, Sandusky G, Pin F, Condello S. Integrin-linked kinase-frizzled 7 interaction maintains cancer stem cells to drive platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4086737. [PMID: 38559125 PMCID: PMC10980163 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4086737/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Platinum-based chemotherapy regimens are a mainstay in the management of ovarian cancer (OC), but emergence of chemoresistance poses a significant clinical challenge. The persistence of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) at the end of primary treatment contributes to disease recurrence. Here, we hypothesized that the extracellular matrix protects CSCs during chemotherapy and supports their tumorigenic functions by activating integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key enzyme in drug resistance. Methods TCGA datasets and OC models were investigated using an integrated proteomic and gene expression analysis and examined ILK for correlations with chemoresistance pathways and clinical outcomes. Canonical Wnt pathway components, pro-survival signaling, and stemness were examined using OC models. To investigate the role of ILK in the OCSC-phenotype, a novel pharmacological inhibitor of ILK in combination with carboplatin was utilized in vitro and in vivo OC models. Results In response to increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and integrin β1 clustering, aberrant ILK activation supported the OCSC phenotype, contributing to OC spheroid proliferation and reduced response to platinum treatment. Complexes formed by ILK with the Wnt receptor frizzled 7 (Fzd7) were detected in tumors and showed a strong correlation with metastatic progression. Moreover, TCGA datasets confirmed that combined expression of ILK and Fzd7 in high grade serous ovarian tumors is correlated with reduced response to chemotherapy and poor patient outcomes. Mechanistically, interaction of ILK with Fzd7 increased the response to Wnt ligands, thereby amplifying the stemness-associated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notably, preclinical studies showed that the novel ILK inhibitor compound 22 (cpd-22) alone disrupted ILK interaction with Fzd7 and CSC proliferation as spheroids. Furthermore, when combined with carboplatin, this disruption led to sustained AKT inhibition, apoptotic damage in OCSCs and reduced tumorigenicity in mice. Conclusions This "outside-in" signaling mechanism is potentially actionable, and combined targeting of ILK-Fzd7 may represent a new therapeutic strategy to eradicate OCSCs and improve patient outcomes.
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Ma L, Chen C, Zhao C, Li T, Ma L, Jiang J, Duan Z, Si Q, Chuang TH, Xiang R, Luo Y. Targeting carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) induces ferroptosis and synergizes with immunotherapy in lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:64. [PMID: 38453925 PMCID: PMC10920667 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the successful application of immune checkpoint therapy, no response or recurrence is typical in lung cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as a crucial player in immunotherapy-related resistance. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is highly regulated by cellular metabolism remolding and has been shown to have synergistic effects when combined with immunotherapy. Metabolic adaption of CSCs drives tumor resistance, yet the mechanisms of their ferroptosis defense in tumor immune evasion remain elusive. Here, through metabolomics, transcriptomics, a lung epithelial-specific Cpt1a-knockout mouse model, and clinical analysis, we demonstrate that CPT1A, a key rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid oxidation, acts with L-carnitine, derived from tumor-associated macrophages to drive ferroptosis-resistance and CD8+ T cells inactivation in lung cancer. Mechanistically, CPT1A restrains ubiquitination and degradation of c-Myc, while c-Myc transcriptionally activates CPT1A expression. The CPT1A/c-Myc positive feedback loop further enhances the cellular antioxidant capacity by activating the NRF2/GPX4 system and reduces the amount of phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acids through ACSL4 downregulating, thereby suppressing ferroptosis in CSCs. Significantly, targeting CPT1A enhances immune checkpoint blockade-induced anti-tumor immunity and tumoral ferroptosis in tumor-bearing mice. The results illustrate the potential of a mechanism-guided therapeutic strategy by targeting a metabolic vulnerability in the ferroptosis of CSCs to improve the efficacy of lung cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Chunxing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lingyu Ma
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jiayu Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhaojun Duan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qin Si
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yunping Luo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Seeneevassen L, Zaafour A, Sifré E, Genevois C, Nguyen TL, Pobiedonoscew Y, Giese A, Guignard J, Tiffon C, Rousseau B, Raymond AA, Belleannée G, Boeuf H, Gronnier C, Martin OCB, Giraud J, Lehours P, Dubus P, Varon C. Targeting metastasis-initiating cancer stem cells in gastric cancer with leukaemia inhibitory factor. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:120. [PMID: 38453889 PMCID: PMC10920825 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer's (GC) bad prognosis is usually associated with metastatic spread. Invasive cancer stem cells (CSC) are considered to be the seed of GC metastasis and not all CSCs are able to initiate metastasis. Targeting these aggressive metastasis-initiating CSC (MIC) is thus vital. Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is hereby used to target Hippo pathway oncogenic members, found to be induced in GC and associated with CSC features. LIF-treated GC cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells and/or CSC tumourspheres underwent transcriptomics, laser microdissection-associated proteomics, 2D and 3D invasion assays and in vivo xenograft in mice blood circulation. LIFR expression was analysed on tissue microarrays from GC patients and in silico from public databases. LIF-treated cells, especially CSC, presented decreased epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and invasion capacity in vitro, and lower metastasis initiation ability in vivo. These effects involved both the Hippo and Jak/Stat pathways. Finally, GC's high LIFR expression was associated with better clinical outcomes in patients. LIF treatment could thus represent a targeted anti-CSC strategy to fight against metastatic GC, and LIFR detection in primary tumours could constitute a potential new prognosis marker in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lornella Seeneevassen
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anissa Zaafour
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Sifré
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- VIVOPTIC TBM-Core, University Bordeaux, CNRS UAR3427 INSERM US005, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tra Ly Nguyen
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yasmine Pobiedonoscew
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alban Giese
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Guignard
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Tiffon
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Animal Facility, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Aurélie Raymond
- Oncoprot TBM-Core, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UAR3427 INSERM US005, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Geneviève Belleannée
- CHU Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Histology and Pathology, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Boeuf
- INSERM U1026, Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Gronnier
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Haut-Lévêque Hospital, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Océane C B Martin
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Giraud
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Lehours
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- Centre National de Référence des Campylobacters et Helicobacters, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux, 33076, France
| | - Pierre Dubus
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Histology and Pathology, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Varon
- INSERM U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.
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Liu G, Yu J, Wu R, Shi L, Zhang X, Zhang W, Zhong X, Wang Y, Li H, Shen Y, Wu C, Yu R, Niu M, Liu X. Retraction Note: GRP78 determines glioblastoma sensitivity to UBA1 inhibition-induced UPR signaling and cell death. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:188. [PMID: 38443366 PMCID: PMC10915128 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanzheng Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiefeng Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runqiu Wu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of general surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanhong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Li
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Blood Diseases Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhan H, Lv Y, Shen R, Li C, Li M, Li Y. Bimetallic Gold/Silver and Bioactive Camptothecin Hybrid Nanoparticles for Eradication of Cancer Stem Cells in a Combination Manner. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1450-1465. [PMID: 38335466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The defeat of cancer is still a challenge due to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) because they resist conventional chemotherapy via multifactor regulated mechanisms. Consequently, one-dimensional action toward CSCs cannot work. Herein, we used rationally designed hybrid nanoparticles as a combined cancer therapy, hoping to form a multidimensional control network. In this paper, gold/silver alloy nanoparticle decorated camptothecin nanocrystals were formulated according to complementary anti-CSC mechanisms from gold, silver, and organic drug. This smart drug formulation could combine chemotherapy and thermotherapy, target different tumor sites, and demonstrate versatile toxicity profiles from each component. Major results indicated that this nanosystem demonstrated indiscriminately effective cytotoxic/proapoptotic/necrotic activity against bulk MCF-7 cells and their CSC subpopulation, in particular under laser ablation. Moreover, this nanosystem displayed enhanced antineoplastic activity against CSC spheroids, resulting in a significant reduction in their number and size, that is, their self-renewal capacity. All the results indicated that CSCs upon treatment of these new hybrid nanoparticles underwent reduced stemness and conversion from the original quiescent state and recovered their sensitivity toward chemotherapy. The relevant anticancer mechanism was ascribed to NIR-pH dual responsive drug release, synergistic/combined thermo-chemotherapy of organic drug and inorganic alloy nanoparticles, enhanced cellular uptake mediated by alloy nanoparticles, and Ag+-induced biomembrane damage. This thermo-chemotherapy platform provides a new combinatorial strategy for inorganic and organic agents in the complete elimination of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhan
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Lv
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyu Shen
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Li
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Li
- Research Institute of Photonics, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116034, P. R. China
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Tiwari M, Srivastava P, Abbas S, Jegatheesan J, Ranjan A, Sharma S, Maurya VP, Saxena AK, Sharma LK. Emerging Role of Autophagy in Governing Cellular Dormancy, Metabolic Functions, and Therapeutic Responses of Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2024; 13:447. [PMID: 38474411 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are composed of heterogeneous populations of dysregulated cells that grow in specialized niches that support their growth and maintain their properties. Tumor heterogeneity and metastasis are among the major hindrances that exist while treating cancer patients, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Although the factors that determine tumor complexity remain largely unknown, several genotypic and phenotypic changes, including DNA mutations and metabolic reprograming provide cancer cells with a survival advantage over host cells and resistance to therapeutics. Furthermore, the presence of a specific population of cells within the tumor mass, commonly known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), is thought to initiate tumor formation, maintenance, resistance, and recurrence. Therefore, these CSCs have been investigated in detail recently as potential targets to treat cancer and prevent recurrence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in CSC proliferation, self-renewal, and dormancy may provide important clues for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Autophagy, a catabolic process, has long been recognized to regulate various physiological and pathological processes. In addition to regulating cancer cells, recent studies have identified a critical role for autophagy in regulating CSC functions. Autophagy is activated under various adverse conditions and promotes cellular maintenance, survival, and even cell death. Thus, it is intriguing to address whether autophagy promotes or inhibits CSC functions and whether autophagy modulation can be used to regulate CSC functions, either alone or in combination. This review describes the roles of autophagy in the regulation of metabolic functions, proliferation and quiescence of CSCs, and its role during therapeutic stress. The review further highlights the autophagy-associated pathways that could be used to regulate CSCs. Overall, the present review will help to rationalize various translational approaches that involve autophagy-mediated modulation of CSCs in controlling cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Pransu Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sabiya Abbas
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Janani Jegatheesan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ved Prakash Maurya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Saxena
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
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Roy S, Dukic T, Keepers Z, Bhandary B, Lamichhane N, Molitoris J, Ko YH, Banerjee A, Shukla HD. SOX2 and OCT4 mediate radiation and drug resistance in pancreatic tumor organoids. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:106. [PMID: 38429272 PMCID: PMC10907757 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a five-year survival rate of only 10%, mostly due to late diagnosis and limited treatment options. In patients with unresectable disease, either FOLFIRINOX, a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin and irinotecan, or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel combined with radiation are frontline standard regimens. However, chemo-radiation therapy has shown limited success because patients develop resistance to chemotherapy and/or radiation. In this study, we evaluated the role of pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSC) using OCT4 and SOX2, CSC markers in mouse pancreatic tumor organoids. We treated pancreatic tumor organoids with 4 or 8 Gy of radiation, 10 μM of 5-FU (5-Fluorouracil), and 100 μM 3-Bromopyruvate (3BP), a promising anti-cancer drug, as a single treatment modalities, and in combination with RT. Our results showed significant upregulation of, OCT4, and SOX2 expression in pancreatic tumor organoids treated with 4 and 8 Gy of radiation, and downregulation following 5-FU treatment. The expression of CSC markers with increasing treatment dose exhibited elevated upregulation levels to radiation and downregulation to 5-FU chemotherapy drug. Conversely, when tumor organoids were treated with a combination of 5-FU and radiation, there was a significant inhibition in SOX2 and OCT4 expression, indicating CSC self-renewal inhibition. Noticeably, we also observed that human pancreatic tumor tissues exhibited heterogeneous and aberrant OCT4 and SOX2 expression as compared to normal pancreas, indicating their potential role in pancreatic cancer growth and therapy resistance. In addition, the combination of 5-FU and radiation treatment exhibited significant inhibition of the β-catenin pathway in pancreatic tumor organoids, resulting in sensitization to treatment and organoid death. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the crucial role of CSCs in therapeutic resistance in PC treatment. We recommend using tumor organoids as a model system to explore the impact of CSCs in PC and identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Roy
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tijana Dukic
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachery Keepers
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Binny Bhandary
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Narottam Lamichhane
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Molitoris
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Young H Ko
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hem D Shukla
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Han Y, Ki CS. Effect of Matrix Stiffness and Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Based Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300356. [PMID: 37877161 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of lethal cancers resulting in very low 5-year-survival rate. Although its clinical treatment largely relies on chemotherapy, SCLC cell physiology in three-dimenstional (3D) matrix has been less explored. In this work, the tumor microenvironment is reconstructed with decellularized porcine pulmonary extracellular matrix (dECM) with hyaluronic acid. To modulate matrix stiffness, the methacrylate groups are introduced into both dECM and hyaluronic acid, followed by photocrosslinking with photoinitiator. The stiffness of the resulting dECM-based hydrogel covers the stiffness of normal or cancerous tissue with varying dECM content. The proliferation and cancer stem cell marker expression of encapsulated SCLC cells are promoted in a compliant hydrogel matrix, which has a low shear modulus similar to that of the normal tissue. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) that induces SCLC cell invasion and chemoresistance markedly increases invasiveness and gene expression levels of CD44 and Sox2 in the hydrogel matrix. In addition, HGF treatment causes higher resistance against anticancer drugs (cisplatin and paclitaxel) in the 3D microenvironment. These findings indicate that malignant SCLC can be recapitulated in a pulmonary dECM-based matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoobin Han
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seok Ki
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kaur S, Reginauld B, Razjooyan S, Phi T, Singh SP, Meyer TJ, Cam MC, Roberts DD. Effects of a humanized CD47 antibody and recombinant SIRPα proteins on triple negative breast carcinoma stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1356421. [PMID: 38495618 PMCID: PMC10940465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1356421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα, SHPS-1, CD172a) expressed on myeloid cells transmits inhibitory signals when it engages its counter-receptor CD47 on an adjacent cell. Elevated CD47 expression on some cancer cells thereby serves as an innate immune checkpoint that limits phagocytic clearance of tumor cells by macrophages and antigen presentation to T cells. Antibodies and recombinant SIRPα constructs that block the CD47-SIRPα interaction on macrophages exhibit anti-tumor activities in mouse models and are in ongoing clinical trials for treating several human cancers. Based on prior evidence that engaging SIRPα can also alter CD47 signaling in some nonmalignant cells, we compared direct effects of recombinant SIRPα-Fc and a humanized CD47 antibody that inhibits CD47-SIRPα interaction (CC-90002) on CD47 signaling in cancer stem cells derived from the MDA-MB- 231 triple-negative breast carcinoma cell line. Treatment with SIRPα-Fc significantly increased the formation of mammospheres by breast cancer stem cells as compared to CC-90002 treatment or controls. Furthermore, SIRPα-Fc treatment upregulated mRNA and protein expression of ALDH1 and altered the expression of genes involved in epithelial/mesenchymal transition pathways that are associated with a poor prognosis and enhanced metastatic activity. This indicates that SIRPα-Fc has CD47-mediated agonist activities in breast cancer stem cells affecting proliferation and metastasis pathways that differ from those of CC-90002. This SIRPα-induced CD47 signaling in breast carcinoma cells may limit the efficacy of SIRPα decoy therapeutics intended to stimulate innate antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bianca Reginauld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sam Razjooyan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Trung Phi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Satya P. Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics, Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Margaret C. Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics, Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Niibori-Nambu A, Yamasaki Y, Kobayashi D, Angata K, Kuno A, Panawan O, Silsirivanit A, Narimatsu H, Araki N. Chondroitin sulfate modification of CSPG4 regulates the maintenance and differentiation of glioma-initiating cells via integrin-associated signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105706. [PMID: 38309500 PMCID: PMC10958118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cell/glioma-initiating cell (GIC) and their niches are considered responsible for the therapeutic resistance and recurrence of malignant glioma. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of GIC maintenance/differentiation, we performed a unique integrated proteogenomics utilizing GIC clones established from patient tumors having the potential to develop glioblastoma. After the integration and extraction of the transcriptomics/proteomics data, we found that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) and its glycobiosynthetic enzymes were significantly upregulated in GICs. Glyco-quantitative PCR array revealed that chondroitin sulfate (CS) biosynthetic enzymes, such as xylosyltransferase 1 (XYLT1) and carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11, were significantly downregulated during serum-induced GIC differentiation. Simultaneously, the CS modification on CSPG4 was characteristically decreased during the differentiation and also downregulated by XYLT1 knockdown. Notably, the CS degradation on CSPG4 by ChondroitinaseABC treatment dramatically induced GIC differentiation, which was significantly inhibited by the addition of CS. GIC growth and differentiation ability were significantly suppressed by CSPG4 knockdown, suggesting that CS-CSPG4 is an important factor in GIC maintenance/differentiation. To understand the molecular function of CS-CSPG4, we analyzed its associating proteins in GICs and found that CSPG4, but not CS-CSPG4, interacts with integrin αV during GIC differentiation. This event sequentially upregulates integrin-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, which can be inhibited by cyclic-RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) integrin αV inhibitor. These results indicate that CS-CSPG4 regulates the GIC microenvironment for GIC maintenance/differentiation via the CS moiety, which controls integrin signaling. This study demonstrates a novel function of CS on CSPG4 as a niche factor, so-called "glyco-niche" for GICs, and suggests that CS-CSPG4 could be a potential target for malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Niibori-Nambu
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshimune Yamasaki
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Angata
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Orasa Panawan
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Norie Araki
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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62
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Chen ZW, Dong ZB, Xiang HT, Chen SS, Yu WM, Liang C. Helicobacter pylori CagA protein induces gastric cancer stem cell-like properties through the Akt/FOXO3a axis. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30527. [PMID: 38332574 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection poses a substantial risk for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. The primary mechanism through which H. pylori exerts its bacterial virulence is the cytotoxin CagA. This cytotoxin has the potential to induce inter-epithelial mesenchymal transition, proliferation, metastasis, and the acquisition of stem cell-like properties in gastric cancer (GC) cells infected with CagA-positive H. pylori. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct population of cells capable of self-renewal and generating heterogeneous tumor cells. Despite evidence showing that CagA can induce CSCs-like characteristics in GC cells, the precise mechanism through which CagA triggers the development of GC stem cells (GCSCs) remains uncertain. This study reveals that CagA-positive GC cells infected with H. pylori exhibit CSCs-like properties, such as heightened expression of CD44, a specific surface marker for CSCs, and increased ability to form tumor spheroids. Furthermore, we have observed that H. pylori activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a CagA-dependent manner, and our findings suggest that this activation is associated with the CSCs-like characteristics induced by H. pylori. The cytotoxin CagA, which is released during H. pylori infection, triggers the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a CagA-dependent manner. Additionally, CagA inhibits the transcription of FOXO3a and relocates it from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Furthermore, the regulatory function of the Akt/FOXO3a axis in the transformation of GC cells into a stemness state was successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhe-Bin Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Han-Ting Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sang-Sang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei-Ming Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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63
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Baek JW, Nam AR, Kim K, Kim PH. Dualistic Effects of PRKAR1A as a Potential Anticancer Target in Cancer Cells and Cancer-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2876. [PMID: 38474121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of innovative medical technologies and interdisciplinary collaboration could improve the treatment of cancer, a globally prevalent and often deadly disease. Despite recent advancements, current cancer therapies fail to specifically address recurrence and target cancer stem cells (CSCs), which contribute to relapse. In this study, we utilized three types of cancer cells, from which three types of CSCs were further derived, to conduct a proteomic analysis. Additionally, shared cell surface biomarkers were identified as potential targets for a comprehensive treatment strategy. The selected biomarkers were evaluated through short hairpin RNA treatment, which revealed contrasting functions in cancer cells and CSCs. Knockdown of the identified proteins revealed that they regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness via the ERK signaling pathway. Resistance to anticancer agents was consequently reduced, ultimately enhancing the overall anticancer effects of the treatment. Additionally, the significance of these biomarkers in clinical patient outcomes was confirmed using bioinformatics. Our study suggests a novel cancer treatment strategy that addresses the limitations of current anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Won Baek
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Reum Nam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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64
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Luo X, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhou X, Shao Z, Liu K, Shang Z. Melatonin inhibits the stemness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by modulating HA synthesis via the FOSL1/HAS3 axis. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12940. [PMID: 38402581 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan and the main component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which has been reported to interact with its receptor CD44 to play critical roles in the self-renewal and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) of multiple malignancies. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone with pleiotropic antitumor properties. However, whether melatonin could regulate HA accumulation in the ECM to modulate the stemness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown. In this study, we found that melatonin suppressed CSC-related markers, such as CD44, of HNSCC cells and decreased the tumor-initiating frequency of CSCs in vivo. In addition, melatonin modulated HA synthesis of HNSCC cells by downregulating the expression of hyaluronan synthase 3 (HAS3). Further study showed that the Fos-like 1 (FOSL1)/HAS3 axis mediated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on HA accumulation and stemness of HNSCC in a receptor-independent manner. Taken together, melatonin modulated HA synthesis through the FOSL1/HAS3 axis to inhibit the stemness of HNSCC cells, which elucidates the effect of melatonin on the ECM and provides a novel perspective on melatonin in HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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65
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Knopik-Skrocka A, Sempowicz A, Piwocka O. Plasticity and resistance of cancer stem cells as a challenge for innovative anticancer therapies - do we know enough to overcome this? EXCLI J 2024; 23:335-355. [PMID: 38655094 PMCID: PMC11036066 DOI: 10.17179/excli2024-6972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
According to the CSC hypothesis, cancer stem cells are pivotal in initiating, developing, and causing cancer recurrence. Since the identification of CSCs in leukemia, breast cancer, glioblastoma, and colorectal cancer in the 1990s, researchers have actively investigated the origin and biology of CSCs. However, the CSC hypothesis and the role of these cells in tumor development model is still in debate. These cells exhibit distinct surface markers, are capable of self-renewal, demonstrate unrestricted proliferation, and display metabolic adaptation. CSC phenotypic plasticity and the capacity to EMT is strictly connected to the stemness state. CSCs show high resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. The plasticity of CSCs is significantly influenced by tumor microenvironment factors, such as hypoxia. Targeting the genetic and epigenetic changes of cancer cells, together with interactions with the tumor microenvironment, presents promising avenues for therapeutic strategies. See also the Graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Knopik-Skrocka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań, Poland
- Section of Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Natural Sciences Club, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Sempowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań, Poland
- Section of Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research, Natural Sciences Club, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Oliwia Piwocka
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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66
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Aleksandrova KV, Vorobev ML, Suvorova II. mTOR pathway occupies a central role in the emergence of latent cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:176. [PMID: 38418814 PMCID: PMC10902345 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The current focus in oncology research is the translational control of cancer cells as a major mechanism of cellular plasticity. Recent evidence has prompted a reevaluation of the role of the mTOR pathway in cancer development leading to new conclusions. The mechanistic mTOR inhibition is well known to be a tool for generating quiescent stem cells and cancer cells. In response to mTOR suppression, quiescent cancer cells dynamically change their proteome, triggering alternative non-canonical translation mechanisms. The shift to selective translation may have clinical relevance, since quiescent tumor cells can acquire new phenotypical features. This review provides new insights into the patterns of mTOR functioning in quiescent cancer cells, enhancing our current understanding of the biology of latent metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikhail L Vorobev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina I Suvorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
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Kim HJ, Jeon HM, Batara DC, Lee S, Lee SJ, Yin J, Park SI, Park M, Seo JB, Hwang J, Oh YJ, Suh SS, Kim SH. CREB5 promotes the proliferation and self-renewal ability of glioma stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:103. [PMID: 38418476 PMCID: PMC10901809 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal form of brain cancer in humans, with a dismal prognosis and a median overall survival rate of less than 15 months upon diagnosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), have recently been identified as key contributors in both tumor initiation and therapeutic resistance in GBM. Both public dataset analysis and direct differentiation experiments on GSCs have demonstrated that CREB5 is more highly expressed in undifferentiated GSCs than in differentiated GSCs. Additionally, gene silencing by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of CREB5 has prevented the proliferation and self-renewal ability of GSCs in vitro and decreased their tumor forming ability in vivo. Meanwhile, RNA-sequencing, luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP assay have all demonstrated the closely association between CREB5 and OLIG2. These findings suggest that targeting CREB5 could be an effective approach to overcoming GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Jeon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Don Carlo Batara
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health & Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Chungbuk, 360764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinlong Yin
- Henan-Macquarie Uni Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Sang-Ik Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, BK21 FOUR Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Minha Park
- Department of Biomedicine, BK21 FOUR Program, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Seo
- Department of Biomedicine, BK21 FOUR Program, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinik Hwang
- West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, 22383, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Oh
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Suk Suh
- Department of Biomedicine, BK21 FOUR Program, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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68
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Wu H, Li ZX, Fang K, Zhao ZY, Sun MC, Feng AQ, Leng ZY, Zhang ZH, Chu Y, Zhang L, Chen T, Xu MD. IGF-1-mediated FOXC1 overexpression induces stem-like properties through upregulating CBX7 and IGF-1R in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:102. [PMID: 38413558 PMCID: PMC10899262 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence attests to the pivotal role of cancer stem cells (CSC) in both tumorigenesis and drug resistance. A member of the forkhead box (FOX) family, FOXC1, assumes significance in embryonic development and organogenesis. Furthermore, FOXC1 functions as an overexpressed transcription factor in various tumors, fostering proliferation, enhancing migratory capabilities, and promoting drug resistance, while maintaining stem-cell-like properties. Despite these implications, scant attention has been devoted to its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Our investigation revealed a pronounced upregulation of FOXC1 expression in ESCC, correlating with a poor prognosis. The downregulation of FOXC1 demonstrated inhibitory effects on ESCC tumorigenesis, proliferation, and tolerance to chemotherapeutic agents, concurrently reducing the levels of stemness-related markers CD133 and CD44. Further studies validated that FOXC1 induces ESCC stemness by transactivating CBX7 and IGF-1R. Additionally, IGF-1 activated the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and MEK/ERK/NF-κB pathways through its binding to IGF-1R, thereby augmenting FOXC1 expression. Conversely, suppressing FOXC1 impeded ESCC stemness induced by IGF-1. The presence of a positive feedback loop, denoted by IGF-1-FOXC1-IGF-1R, suggests the potential of FOXC1 as a prognostic biomarker for ESCC. Taken together, targeting the IGF-1-FOXC1-IGF-1R axis emerges as a promising approach for anti-CSC therapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Xing Li
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Fang
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Ying Zhao
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Chuang Sun
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Qi Feng
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Yun Leng
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Hua Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Chu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji 8 University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mei-Dong Xu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China.
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Bhagtaney L, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. miRNA on the Battlefield of Cancer: Significance in Cancer Stem Cells, WNT Pathway, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:957. [PMID: 38473318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a complex process characterized by intricate changes in organ histology, biochemistry, epigenetics, and genetics. Within this intricate landscape, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as distinct cell types possessing unique attributes that significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. The WNT signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining somatic stem cell pluripotency. However, in cancer, overexpression of WNT mediators enhances the activity of β-catenin, resulting in phenomena such as recurrence and unfavorable survival outcomes. Notably, CSCs exhibit heightened WNT signaling compared to bulk cancer cells, providing intriguing insights into their functional characteristics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, modulate various physiological processes in numerous diseases including cancer. Upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs can affect the production of pro-oncogenic or anti-oncogenic proteins, influencing cellular processes that maintain tissue homeostasis and promote either apoptosis or differentiation, even in cancer cells. In order to understand the dysregulation of miRNAs, it is essential to examine miRNA biogenesis and any possible alterations at each step. The potential of a miRNA as a biomarker in prognosis, diagnosis, and detection is being assessed using technologies such as next-generation sequencing. Extensive research has explored miRNA expression profiles in cancer, leading to their utilization as diagnostic tools and the development of personalized and targeted cancer therapies. This review delves into the role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis in relation to the WNT signaling pathway along with their potential as druggable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Bhagtaney
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
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Li R, Liu X, Huang X, Zhang D, Chen Z, Zhang J, Bai R, Zhang S, Zhao H, Xu Z, Zeng L, Zhuang L, Wen S, Wu S, Li M, Zuo Z, Lin J, Lin D, Zheng J. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis deciphers heterogenous cancer stem-like cells in colorectal cancer and their organ-specific metastasis. Gut 2024; 73:470-484. [PMID: 38050068 PMCID: PMC10894846 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metastasis is the major cause of cancer death. However, what types of heterogenous cancer cells in primary tumour and how they metastasise to the target organs remain largely undiscovered. DESIGN We performed single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomic analysis in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and metastases in the liver (lCRC) or ovary (oCRC). We also conducted immunofluorescence staining and functional experiments to examine the mechanism. RESULTS Integrative analyses of epithelial cells reveal a stem-like cell cluster with high protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) and achaete scute-like 2 (ASCL2) expression as the metastatic culprit. This cell cluster comprising distinct subpopulations shows distinct liver or ovary metastatic preference. Population 1 (P1) cells with high delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) and MAF bZIP transcription factor A (MAFA) expression are enriched in primary CRC and oCRC, thus may be associated with ovarian metastasis. P3 cells having a similar expression pattern as cholangiocytes are found mainly in primary CRC and lCRC, presuming to be likely the culprits that specifically metastasise to the liver. Stem-like cells interacted with cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells via the DLL4-NOTCH signalling pathway to metastasise from primary CRC to the ovary. In the oCRC microenvironment, myofibroblasts provide cancer cells with glutamine and perform a metabolic reprogramming, which may be essential for cancer cells to localise and develop in the ovary. CONCLUSION We uncover a mechanism for organ-specific CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruihong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingxing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhong Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Kubatka P, Mazurakova A, Koklesova L, Kuruc T, Samec M, Kajo K, Kotorova K, Adamkov M, Smejkal K, Svajdlenka E, Dvorska D, Brany D, Baranovicova E, Sadlonova V, Mojzis J, Kello M. Salvia officinalis L. exerts oncostatic effects in rodent and in vitro models of breast carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1216199. [PMID: 38464730 PMCID: PMC10921418 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1216199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze the oncostatic properties of Salvia officinalis L. [Lamiaceae; Salviae officinalis herba] using animal and in vitro models of breast carcinoma (BC). Methods: The effects of dietary administered S. officinalis in two concentrations (0.1%/SAL 0.1/and 1%/SAL 1/) were assessed in both syngeneic 4T1 mouse and chemically induced rat models of BC. The histopathological and molecular evaluations of rodent carcinoma specimens were performed after the autopsy. Besides, numerous in vitro analyses using two human cancer cell lines were performed. Results and Conclusion: The dominant metabolites found in S. officinalis propylene glycol extract (SPGE) were representatives of phenolics, specifically rosmarinic, protocatechuic, and salicylic acids. Furthermore, the occurrence of triterpenoids ursolic and oleanolic acid was proved in SPGE. In a mouse model, a non-significant tumor volume decrease after S. officinalis treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the mitotic activity index of 4T1 tumors by 37.5% (SAL 0.1) and 31.5% (SAL 1) vs. controls (set as a blank group with not applied salvia in the diet). In addition, salvia at higher doses significantly decreased necrosis/whole tumor area ratio by 46% when compared to control tumor samples. In a rat chemoprevention study, S. officinalis at a higher dose significantly lengthened the latency of tumors by 8.5 days and significantly improved the high/low-grade carcinomas ratio vs. controls in both doses. Analyses of the mechanisms of anticancer activities of S. officinalis included well-validated prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic biomarkers that are applied in both oncology practice and preclinical investigation. Our assessment in vivo revealed numerous significant changes after a comparison of treated vs. untreated cancer cells. In this regard, we found an overexpression in caspase-3, an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and a decrease in MDA, ALDH1, and EpCam expression. In addition, salvia reduced TGF-β serum levels in rats (decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α levels were with borderline significance). Evaluation of epigenetic modifications in rat cancer specimens in vivo revealed a decline in the lysine methylations of H3K4m3 and an increase in lysine acetylation in H4K16ac levels in treated groups. Salvia decreased the relative levels of oncogenic miR21 and tumor-suppressive miR145 (miR210, miR22, miR34a, and miR155 were not significantly altered). The methylation of ATM and PTEN promoters was decreased after S. officinalis treatment (PITX2, RASSF1, and TIMP3 promoters were not altered). Analyzing plasma metabolomics profile in tumor-bearing rats, we found reduced levels of ketoacids derived from BCAAs after salvia treatment. In vitro analyses revealed significant anti-cancer effects of SPGE extract in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines (cytotoxicity, caspase-3/-7, Bcl-2, Annexin V/PI, cell cycle, BrdU, and mitochondrial membrane potential). Our study demonstrates the significant chemopreventive and treatment effects of salvia haulm using animal or in vitro BC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Department of Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Kuruc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Klaudia Kotorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Karel Smejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Emil Svajdlenka
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Dana Dvorska
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dusan Brany
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Baranovicova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vladimira Sadlonova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
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Liu CC, Chen L, Cai YW, Chen YF, Liu YM, Zhou YJ, Shao ZM, Yu KD. Targeting EMSY-mediated methionine metabolism is a potential therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101396. [PMID: 38290515 PMCID: PMC10897545 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the most intractable subpopulation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, which have been associated with a high risk of relapse and poor prognosis. However, eradication of CSCs continues to be difficult. Here, we integrate the multiomics data of a TNBC cohort (n = 360) to identify vital markers of CSCs. We discover that EMSY, inducing a BRCAness phenotype, is preferentially expressed in breast CSCs, promotes ALDH+ cells enrichment, and is positively correlated with poor relapse-free survival. Mechanistically, EMSY competitively binds to the Jmjc domain, which is critical for KDM5B enzyme activity, to reshape methionine metabolism, and to promote CSC self-renewal and tumorigenesis in an H3K4 methylation-dependent manner. Moreover, EMSY accumulation in TNBC cells sensitizes them to PARP inhibitors against bulk cells and methionine deprivation against CSCs. These findings indicate that clinically relevant eradication of CSCs could be achieved with a strategy that targets CSC-specific vulnerabilities in amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Wen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Da Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
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Suo M, Shen H, Lyu M, Jiang Y, Liao X, Tang W, Pan Y, Zhang T, Ning S, Tang BZ. Biomimetic Nano-Cancer Stem Cell Scavenger for Inhibition of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis after FLASH-Radiotherapy. Small 2024:e2400666. [PMID: 38368259 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Compared to conventional radiotherapy (RT), FLASH-RT delivers ultra-high dose radiation, significantly reducing damage to normal tissue while guaranteeing the effect of cancer treatment. However, cancer recurrence and metastasis frequently occur after all RT due to the existence of intractable cancer stem cells (CSCs). To address this, a biomimetic nanoplatform (named TAFL) of tumor-derived exosome fusion liposomes is designed by co-loading aggregation-induced emission photothermal agents, TPE-BBT, and anti-cancer drugs, aspirin, aiming to clear CSCs for inhibiting cancer recurrence and metastasis after FLASH-RT therapy . Aspirin released in TAFL system triggered by laser irradiation can induce apoptosis and DNA damage of 4T1 CSCs, comprehensively downregulate their stemness phenotype, and inhibit their sphericity. Furthermore, the TPE-BBT mediated mild-photothermal therapy can alleviate the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, inhibit the DNA repair of CSCs, which further amplifies the effect of aspirin against CSCs, therefore reduces the effective dose of aspirin, making TAFL more biologically safe. In vivo experimental results demonstrated that decreased CSCs population mediated by TAFL system treatment significantly inhibited tumor recurrence and metastasis after FLASH-RT therapy. In summary, this TAFL system provides a new idea for the future clinical application of FLASH-RT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Suo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hanchen Shen
- Department of Chemistry, the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Meng Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - You Pan
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Tianfu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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Jin W, Sun Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Chen D, Fang M, He J, Zhong L, Ren H, Zhang Y, Yin H, Wu S, Chen R, Yan W. Arsenic trioxide suppresses lung adenocarcinoma stem cell stemness by inhibiting m6A modification to promote ferroptosis. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:507-525. [PMID: 38455419 PMCID: PMC10915325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is well known for its inhibitory effects on cancer progression, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but the molecular mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the roles of ATO in regulating LUAD stem cells (LASCs) and the underlying mechanisms. To induce LASCs, cells cultured in an F12 medium, containing B27, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor, induced LASCs. LASCs stemness was assessed through tumor sphere formation assay, and percentages of CD133+ cells were detected by flow cytometry. The Cell Counting Kit-8 method was used to assess LASCs viability, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron ion levels were quantitated by fluorescence microscopy and spectrophotometry, respectively, and total m6A levels were measured by dot blot. Additionally, LASCs mitochondrial alterations were analyzed via transmission electron microscopy. Finally, the tumorigenicity of LASCs was assessed using a cancer cell line-based xenograft model. Tumor sphere formation and CD133 expression were used to validate the successful induction of LASCs from A549 and NCI-H1975 cells. ATO significantly inhibited proliferation, reduced ZC3H13 expression and total m6A modification levels, and increased ROS and iron ion content, but repressed sphere formation and CD133 expression in LASCs. ZC3H13 overexpression or ferrostatin-1 treatment abrogated LASCs stemness inhibition caused by ATO treatment, and interference with ZC3H13 inhibited LASCs stemness. Furthermore, the promotion of LASCs ferroptosis by ATO was effectively mitigated by ZC3H13 overexpression, while interference with ZC3H13 further promoted ferroptosis. Moreover, si-ZC3H13 promoted ferroptosis and impaired stemness in LASCs, which ferrostatin-1 abrogated. Finally, ZC3H13 overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effects of ATO on LASCs tumorigenicity. Taken together, ATO treatment substantially impaired the stemness of LUAD stem cells by promoting the ferroptosis program, which was mediated by its ZC3H13 gene expression inhibition to suppress m6A medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jin
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Linsheng Zhong
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanmei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijia Wu
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Cardiovascular Hospital, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruqin Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
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Yang L, Tu L, Bisht S, Mao Y, Petkovich D, Thursby SJ, Liang J, Patel N, Yen RWC, Largent T, Zahnow C, Brock M, Gabrielson K, Salimian KJ, Baylin SB, Easwaran H. Tissue-location-specific transcription programs drive tumor dependencies in colon cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1384. [PMID: 38360902 PMCID: PMC10869357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the same tissue-type but in anatomically distinct locations exhibit different molecular dependencies for tumorigenesis. Proximal and distal colon cancers exemplify such characteristics, with BRAFV600E predominantly occurring in proximal colon cancers along with increased DNA methylation phenotype. Using mouse colon organoids, here we show that proximal and distal colon stem cells have distinct transcriptional programs that regulate stemness and differentiation. We identify that the homeobox transcription factor, CDX2, which is silenced by DNA methylation in proximal colon cancers, is a key mediator of the differential transcriptional programs. Cdx2-mediated proximal colon-specific transcriptional program concurrently is tumor suppressive, and Cdx2 loss sufficiently creates permissive state for BRAFV600E-driven transformation. Human proximal colon cancers with CDX2 downregulation showed similar transcriptional program as in mouse proximal organoids with Cdx2 loss. Developmental transcription factors, such as CDX2, are thus critical in maintaining tissue-location specific transcriptional programs that create tissue-type origin specific dependencies for tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Yang
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, PR China
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shilpa Bisht
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Yiqing Mao
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Daniel Petkovich
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sara-Jayne Thursby
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Nibedita Patel
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ray-Whay Chiu Yen
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Tina Largent
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Cynthia Zahnow
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Malcolm Brock
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Kathy Gabrielson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 863 Broadway Research Building, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205-2196, USA
| | - Kevan J Salimian
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Stephen B Baylin
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hariharan Easwaran
- CRB1, Department of Oncology and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room 530, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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76
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Jang Y, Kang S, Han HH, Kim BG, Cho NH. CD24 induced cellular quiescence-like state and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells via miR-130a/301a-dependent CDK19 downregulation. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:81. [PMID: 38360723 PMCID: PMC10869724 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cell (CSC) is thought to be responsible for ovarian cancer recurrence. CD24 serves as a CSC marker for ovarian cancer and regulates the expression of miRNAs, which are regulators of CSC phenotypes. Therefore, CD24-regulated miRNAs may play roles in manifesting the CSC phenotypes in ovarian cancer cells. Our miRNA transcriptome analysis showed that 94 miRNAs were up or down-regulated in a CD24-high clone from an ovarian cancer patient compared to a CD24-low one. The CD24-dependent expression trend of the top 7 upregulated miRNAs (miR-199a-3p, 34c, 199a-5p, 130a, 301a, 214, 34b*) was confirmed in other 8 clones (4 clones for each group). CD24 overexpression upregulated the expression of miR-199a-3p, 34c, 199a-5p, 130a, 301a, 214, and 34b* in TOV112D (CD24-low) cells compared to the control, while CD24 knockdown downregulated the expression of miR-199a-3p, 199a-5p, 130a, 301a, and 34b* in OV90 (CD24-high) cells. miR-130a and 301a targeted CDK19, which induced a cellular quiescence-like state (increased G0/G1 phase cell population, decreased cell proliferation, decreased colony formation, and decreased RNA synthesis) and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents. CD24 regulated the expression of miR-130a and 301a via STAT4 and YY1 phosphorylation mediated by Src and FAK. miR-130a and 301a were positively correlated in expression with CD24 in ovarian cancer patient tissues and negatively correlated with CDK19. Our results showed that CD24 expression may induce a cellular quiescence-like state and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents in ovarian cancer via miR-130a and 301a upregulation. CD24-miR-130a/301a-CDK19 signaling axis could be a prognostic marker for or a potential therapeutic target against ovarian cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsue Jang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suki Kang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Han
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek Gil Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Hoon Cho
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute (SBSI), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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77
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Śliwa A, Szczerba A, Pięta PP, Białas P, Lorek J, Nowak-Markwitz E, Jankowska A. A Recipe for Successful Metastasis: Transition and Migratory Modes of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:783. [PMID: 38398174 PMCID: PMC10886816 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the characteristic features of ovarian cancer is its early dissemination. Metastasis and the invasiveness of ovarian cancer are strongly dependent on the phenotypical and molecular determinants of cancer cells. Invasive cancer cells, circulating tumor cells, and cancer stem cells, which are responsible for the metastatic process, may all undergo different modes of transition, giving rise to mesenchymal, amoeboid, and redifferentiated epithelial cells. Such variability is the result of the changing needs of cancer cells, which strive to survive and colonize new organs. This would not be possible if not for the variety of migration modes adopted by the transformed cells. The most common type of metastasis in ovarian cancer is dissemination through the transcoelomic route, but transitions in ovarian cancer cells contribute greatly to hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination. This review aims to outline the transition modes of ovarian cancer cells and discuss the migratory capabilities of those cells in light of the known ovarian cancer metastasis routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Śliwa
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Szczerba
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Pięta
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Białas
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Lorek
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-101 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowak-Markwitz
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-101 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jankowska
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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78
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Kellaway SG, Potluri S, Keane P, Blair HJ, Ames L, Worker A, Chin PS, Ptasinska A, Derevyanko PK, Adamo A, Coleman DJL, Khan N, Assi SA, Krippner-Heidenreich A, Raghavan M, Cockerill PN, Heidenreich O, Bonifer C. Leukemic stem cells activate lineage inappropriate signalling pathways to promote their growth. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1359. [PMID: 38355578 PMCID: PMC10867020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is caused by multiple mutations which dysregulate growth and differentiation of myeloid cells. Cells adopt different gene regulatory networks specific to individual mutations, maintaining a rapidly proliferating blast cell population with fatal consequences for the patient if not treated. The most common treatment option is still chemotherapy which targets such cells. However, patients harbour a population of quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSCs) which can emerge from quiescence to trigger relapse after therapy. The processes that allow such cells to re-grow remain unknown. Here, we examine the well characterised t(8;21) AML sub-type as a model to address this question. Using four primary AML samples and a novel t(8;21) patient-derived xenograft model, we show that t(8;21) LSCs aberrantly activate the VEGF and IL-5 signalling pathways. Both pathways operate within a regulatory circuit consisting of the driver oncoprotein RUNX1::ETO and an AP-1/GATA2 axis allowing LSCs to re-enter the cell cycle while preserving self-renewal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie G Kellaway
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Blood Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Sandeep Potluri
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Keane
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen J Blair
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luke Ames
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alice Worker
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paulynn S Chin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anetta Ptasinska
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Assunta Adamo
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel J L Coleman
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naeem Khan
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Manoj Raghavan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter N Cockerill
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Princess Maxima Center of Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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79
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Huang J, Li H, Yang Z, Liu R, Li Y, Hu Y, Zhao S, Gao X, Yang X, Wei J. SALL4 promotes cancer stem-like cell phenotype and radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinomas via methyltransferase-like 3-mediated m6A modification. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:139. [PMID: 38355684 PMCID: PMC10866932 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Radioresistance imposes a great challenge in reducing tumor recurrence and improving the clinical prognosis of individuals having oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC harbors a subpopulation of CD44(+) cells that exhibit cancer stem-like cell (CSC) characteristics are involved in malignant tumor phenotype and radioresistance. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms in CD44( + )-OSCC remain unclear. The current investigation demonstrated that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is highly expressed in CD44(+) cells and promotes CSCs phenotype. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we further showed that Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) is involved in the maintenance of CSCs properties. Furthermore, the overexpression of SALL4 in CD44( + )-OSCC cells caused radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, silencing SALL4 sensitized OSCC cells to radiation therapy (RT). Mechanistically, we illustrated that SALL4 is a direct downstream transcriptional regulation target of METTL3, the transcription activation of SALL4 promotes the nuclear transport of β-catenin and the expression of downstream target genes after radiation therapy, there by activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, effectively enhancing the CSCs phenotype and causing radioresistance. Herein, this study indicates that the METTL3/SALL4 axis promotes the CSCs phenotype and resistance to radiation in OSCC via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and provides a potential therapeutic target to eliminate radioresistant OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yating Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jianhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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80
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Chen Y, Qiang Y, Fan J, Zheng Q, Yan L, Fan G, Song X, Zhang N, Lv Q, Xiong J, Wang J, Cao J, Liu Y, Xiong J, Zhang W, Li F. Aggresome formation promotes ASK1/JNK signaling activation and stemness maintenance in ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1321. [PMID: 38351029 PMCID: PMC10864366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggresomes are the product of misfolded protein aggregation, and the presence of aggresomes has been correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. However, the exact role of aggresomes in tumorigenesis and cancer progression remains largely unknown. Herein, the multiomics screening reveal that OTUD1 protein plays an important role in retaining ovarian cancer stem cell (OCSC) properties. Mechanistically, the elevated OTUD1 protein levels lead to the formation of OTUD1-based cytoplasmic aggresomes, which is mediated by a short peptide located in the intrinsically disordered OTUD1 N-terminal region. Furthermore, OTUD1-based aggresomes recruit ASK1 via protein-protein interactions, which in turn stabilize ASK1 in a deubiquitinase-independent manner and activate the downstream JNK signaling pathway for OCSC maintenance. Notably, the disruption of OTUD1-based aggresomes or treatment with ASK1/JNK inhibitors, including ibrutinib, an FDA-approved drug that was recently identified as an MKK7 inhibitor, effectively reduced OCSC stemness (OSCS) of OTUD1high ovarian cancer cells. In summary, our work suggests that aggresome formation in tumor cells could function as a signaling hub and that aggresome-based therapy has translational potential for patients with OTUD1high ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurou Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yulong Qiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiachen Fan
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Leilei Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guanlan Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiongying Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiaqiang Xiong
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Immunology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Medical Genetics, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Science), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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81
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Li W(J, Wang Y, Liu X, Wu S, Wang M, Turowski SG, Spernyak JA, Tracz A, Abdelaal AM, Sudarshan K, Puzanov I, Chatta G, Kasinski AL, Tang DG. Developing Folate-Conjugated miR-34a Therapeutic for Prostate Cancer: Challenges and Promises. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2123. [PMID: 38396800 PMCID: PMC10888849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a common cancer with high mortality in men due to its heterogeneity and the emergence of drug resistance. A critical factor contributing to its lethality is the presence of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), which can self-renew, long-term propagate tumors, and mediate treatment resistance. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) has shown promise as an anti-PCSC therapeutic by targeting critical molecules involved in cancer stem cell (CSC) survival and functions. Despite extensive efforts, the development of miR-34a therapeutics still faces challenges, including non-specific delivery and delivery-associated toxicity. One emerging delivery approach is ligand-mediated conjugation, aiming to achieve specific delivery of miR-34a to cancer cells, thereby enhancing efficacy while minimizing toxicity. Folate-conjugated miR-34a (folate-miR-34a) has demonstrated promising anti-tumor efficacy in breast and lung cancers by targeting folate receptor α (FOLR1). Here, we first show that miR-34a, a TP53 transcriptional target, is reduced in PCa that harbors TP53 loss or mutations and that miR-34a mimic, when transfected into PCa cells, downregulated multiple miR-34a targets and inhibited cell growth. When exploring the therapeutic potential of folate-miR-34a, we found that folate-miR-34a exhibited impressive inhibitory effects on breast, ovarian, and cervical cancer cells but showed minimal effects on and targeted delivery to PCa cells due to a lack of appreciable expression of FOLR1 in PCa cells. Folate-miR-34a also did not display any apparent effect on PCa cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PMSA) despite the reported folate's binding capability to PSMA. These results highlight challenges in the specific delivery of folate-miR-34a to PCa due to a lack of target (receptor) expression. Our study offers novel insights into the challenges and promises within the field and casts light on the development of ligand-conjugated miR-34a therapeutics for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen (Jess) Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Xiaozhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Shan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Moyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Steven G. Turowski
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Joseph A. Spernyak
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Amanda Tracz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelaal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kasireddy Sudarshan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Igor Puzanov
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Gurkamal Chatta
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Andrea L. Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Dean G. Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (M.W.)
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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82
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Schniewind I, Besso MJ, Klicker S, Schwarz FM, Hadiwikarta WW, Richter S, Löck S, Linge A, Krause M, Dubrovska A, Baumann M, Kurth I, Peitzsch C. Epigenetic Targeting to Overcome Radioresistance in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:730. [PMID: 38398123 PMCID: PMC10886471 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The sensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to ionizing radiation, among others, is determined by the number of cells with high clonogenic potential and stem-like features. These cellular characteristics are dynamically regulated in response to treatment and may lead to an enrichment of radioresistant cells with a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. Epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA and histone methylation, are key regulators of gene-specific transcription and cellular plasticity. Therefore, we hypothesized that specific epigenetic targeting may prevent irradiation-induced plasticity and may sensitize HNSCC cells to radiotherapy. (2) Methods: We compared the DNA methylome and intracellular concentrations of tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites in radioresistant FaDu and Cal33 cell lines with their parental controls, as well as aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive CSCs with negative controls. Moreover, we conducted a screen of a chemical library targeting enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation in combination with irradiation and analyzed the clonogenic potential, sphere formation, and DNA repair capacity to identify compounds with both radiosensitizing and CSC-targeting potential. (3) Results: We identified the histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J1, which targets UTX (KDM6A) and JMJD3 (KDM6B), leading to increased H3K27 trimethylation, heterochromatin formation, and gene silencing. The clonogenic survival assay after siRNA-mediated knock-down of both genes radiosensitized Cal33 and SAS cell lines. Moreover, high KDM6A expression in tissue sections of patients with HNSCC was associated with improved locoregional control after primary (n = 137) and post-operative (n = 187) radio/chemotherapy. Conversely, high KDM6B expression was a prognostic factor for reduced overall survival. (4) Conclusions: Within this study, we investigated cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying irradiation-induced cellular plasticity, a key inducer of radioresistance, with a focus on epigenetic alterations. We identified UTX (KDM6A) as a putative prognostic and therapeutic target for HNSCC patients treated with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Schniewind
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria José Besso
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klicker
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
| | - Franziska Maria Schwarz
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wahyu Wijaya Hadiwikarta
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susan Richter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Kurth
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Sipos F, Műzes G. Sirtuins Affect Cancer Stem Cells via Epigenetic Regulation of Autophagy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:386. [PMID: 38397988 PMCID: PMC10886574 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are stress-responsive proteins that regulate several post-translational modifications, partly by acetylation, deacetylation, and affecting DNA methylation. As a result, they significantly regulate several cellular processes. In essence, they prolong lifespan and control the occurrence of spontaneous tumor growth. Members of the SIRT family have the ability to govern embryonic, hematopoietic, and other adult stem cells in certain tissues and cell types in distinct ways. Likewise, they can have both pro-tumor and anti-tumor effects on cancer stem cells, contingent upon the specific tissue from which they originate. The impact of autophagy on cancer stem cells, which varies depending on the specific circumstances, is a very intricate phenomenon that has significant significance for clinical and therapeutic purposes. SIRTs exert an impact on the autophagy process, whereas autophagy reciprocally affects the activity of certain SIRTs. The mechanism behind this connection in cancer stem cells remains poorly understood. This review presents the latest findings that position SIRTs at the point where cancer cells and autophagy interact. Our objective is to highlight the various roles of distinct SIRTs in cancer stem cell-related functions through autophagy. This would demonstrate their significance in the genesis and recurrence of cancer and offer a more precise understanding of their treatment possibilities in relation to autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Sipos
- Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
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Wang B, Wang W, Xu Y, Liu R, Li R, Yang P, Zhao C, Dai Z, Wang Y. Manipulating Redox Homeostasis of Cancer Stem Cells Overcome Chemotherapeutic Resistance through Photoactivatable Biomimetic Nanodiscs. Small 2024:e2308539. [PMID: 38326103 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity remains a significant obstacle in cancer therapy due to diverse cells with varying treatment responses. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) contribute significantly to intratumor heterogeneity, characterized by high tumorigenicity and chemoresistance. CSCs reside in the depth of the tumor, possessing low reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and robust antioxidant defense systems to maintain self-renewal and stemness. A nanotherapeutic strategy is developed using tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD-modified high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mimetic nanodiscs (IPCND) that ingeniously loaded with pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa), bis (2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide (S-S), and camptothecin (CPT) by synthesizing two amphiphilic drug-conjugated sphingomyelin derivatives. Photoactivatable Ppa can generate massive ROS which as intracellular signaling molecules effectively shut down self-renewal and trigger differentiation of the CSCs, while S-S is utilized to deplete GSH and sustainably imbalance redox homeostasis by reducing ROS clearance. Simultaneously, the depletion of GSH is accompanied by the release of CPT, which leads to subsequent cell death. This dual strategy successfully disturbed the redox equilibrium of CSCs, prompting their differentiation and boosting the ability of CPT to kill CSCs upon laser irradiation. Additionally, it demonstrated a synergistic anti-cancer effect by concurrently eliminating therapeutically resistant CSCs and bulk tumor cells, effectively suppressing tumor growth in CSC-enriched heterogeneous colon tumor mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wuwan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunxue Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical, Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Renfa Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical, Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical, Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peipei Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical, Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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85
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Zhang H, Song J, Ward R, Han Y, Hunt A, Shriwas P, Steed A, Edwards C, Cao Y, Co M, Chen X. Diverse temporal and spatial mechanisms work, partially through Stanniocalcin-1, V-ATPase and senescence, to activate the extracellular ATP-mediated drug resistance in human cancer cells. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1276092. [PMID: 38380370 PMCID: PMC10876858 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1276092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resistance to drug therapies is associated with a large majority of cancer-related deaths. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated drug efflux, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs), glutathione (GSH), senescence, and vacuole-type ATPase (V-ATPase) all contribute to the resistance. We recently showed that extracellular ATP (eATP) induces and regulates EMT, CSC formation, and ABC transporters in human cancer cells and tumors. eATP also consistently upregulates Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), a gene that significantly contributes to EMT, CSC formation, and tumor growth. We also found that eATP enhances drug resistance in cancer cells through eATP internalization mediated by macropinocytosis, leading to an elevation of intracellular ATP (iATP) levels, induction of EMT, and CSC formation. However, these factors have never been systematically investigated in the context of eATP-induced drug resistance. Methods In this study, we hypothesized that eATP increases drug resistance via inducing ABC efflux, EMT, CSCs, STC1, and their accompanied processes such as GSH reducing activity, senescence, and V-ATPase. RNA sequencing, metabolomics, gene knockdown and knockout, and functional assays were performed to investigate these pathways and processes. Results and discussion Our study results showed that, in multiple human cancer lines, eATP induced genes involved in drug resistance, elevated ABC transporters' efflux activity of anticancer drugs; generated transcriptomic and metabolic profiles representing a drug resistant state; upregulated activities of GSH, senescence, and V-ATPase to promote drug resistance. Collectively, these newly found players shed light on the mechanisms of eATP-induced as well as STC1- and V-ATPase-mediated drug resistance and offer potential novel targets for combating drug resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Zhang
- Department of Biological Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Jingwen Song
- Department of Biological Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Ryan Ward
- The Honor Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Yong Han
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Arabella Hunt
- The Honor Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Pratik Shriwas
- Department of Biological Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Alexander Steed
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Cory Edwards
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Yanyang Cao
- Department of Biological Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Milo Co
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Xiaozhuo Chen
- Department of Biological Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- The Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Science, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
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Philipp LM, Yesilyurt UU, Surrow A, Künstner A, Mehdorn AS, Hauser C, Gundlach JP, Will O, Hoffmann P, Stahmer L, Franzenburg S, Knaack H, Schumacher U, Busch H, Sebens S. Epithelial and Mesenchymal-like Pancreatic Cancer Cells Exhibit Different Stem Cell Phenotypes Associated with Different Metastatic Propensities. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:686. [PMID: 38398077 PMCID: PMC10886860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is mostly diagnosed at advanced or even metastasized stages, limiting the prognoses of patients. Metastasis requires high tumor cell plasticity, implying phenotypic switching in response to changing environments. Here, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), being associated with an increase in cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, and its reversion are important. Since it is poorly understood whether different CSC phenotypes exist along the EMT axis and how these impact malignancy-associated properties, we aimed to characterize CSC populations of epithelial and mesenchymal-like PDAC cells. Single-cell cloning revealed CSC (Holoclone) and non-CSC (Paraclone) clones from the PDAC cell lines Panc1 and Panc89. The Panc1 Holoclone cells showed a mesenchymal-like phenotype, dominated by a high expression of the stemness marker Nestin, while the Panc89 Holoclone cells exhibited a SOX2-dominated epithelial phenotype. The Panc89 Holoclone cells showed enhanced cell growth and a self-renewal capacity but slow cluster-like invasion. Contrarily, the Panc1 Holoclone cells showed slower cell growth and self-renewal ability but were highly invasive. Moreover, cell variants differentially responded to chemotherapy. In vivo, the Panc1 and Panc89 cell variants significantly differed regarding the number and size of metastases, as well as organ manifestation, leading to different survival outcomes. Overall, these data support the existence of different CSC phenotypes along the EMT axis in PDAC, manifesting different metastatic propensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Philipp
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Umut-Ulas Yesilyurt
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Surrow
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Mehdorn
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hauser
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Paul Gundlach
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Olga Will
- Molecular Imaging North Competence Center, Clinic of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Kiel University, UKSH, Campus Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrick Hoffmann
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lea Stahmer
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrike Knaack
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
- Academic Affairs Office, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, 23562 Kiel, Germany
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Alfonsín G, Berral-González A, Rodríguez-Alonso A, Quiroga M, De Las Rivas J, Figueroa A. Stratification of Colorectal Patients Based on Survival Analysis Shows the Value of Consensus Molecular Subtypes and Reveals the CBLL1 Gene as a Biomarker of CMS2 Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1919. [PMID: 38339195 PMCID: PMC10856263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) classification of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a system for patient stratification that can be potentially applied to therapeutic decisions. Hakai (CBLL1) is an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that induces the ubiquitination and degradation of E-cadherin, inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumour progression and metastasis. Using bioinformatic methods, we have analysed CBLL1 expression on a large integrated cohort of primary tumour samples from CRC patients. The cohort included survival data and was divided into consensus molecular subtypes. Colon cancer tumourspheres were used to analyse the expression of stem cancer cells markers via RT-PCR and Western blotting. We show that CBLL1 gene expression is specifically associated with canonical subtype CMS2. WNT target genes LGR5 and c-MYC show a similar association with CMS2 as CBLL1. These mRNA levels are highly upregulated in cancer tumourspheres, while CBLL1 silencing shows a clear reduction in tumoursphere size and in stem cell biomarkers. Importantly, CMS2 patients with high CBLL1 expression displayed worse overall survival (OS), which is similar to that associated with CMS4 tumours. Our findings reveal CBLL1 as a specific biomarker for CMS2 and the potential of using CMS2 with high CBLL1 expression to stratify patients with poor OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Alfonsín
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (G.A.); (A.R.-A.); (M.Q.)
| | - Alberto Berral-González
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL & IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-Alonso
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (G.A.); (A.R.-A.); (M.Q.)
| | - Macarena Quiroga
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (G.A.); (A.R.-A.); (M.Q.)
| | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL & IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Angélica Figueroa
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (G.A.); (A.R.-A.); (M.Q.)
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de Castro LR, de Oliveira LD, Milan TM, Eskenazi APE, Bighetti-Trevisan RL, de Almeida OGG, Amorim MLM, Squarize CH, Castilho RM, de Almeida LO. Up-regulation of TNF-alpha/NFkB/SIRT1 axis drives aggressiveness and cancer stem cells accumulation in chemoresistant oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31164. [PMID: 38149816 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor resistance remains an obstacle to successfully treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cisplatin is widely used as a cytotoxic drug to treat solid tumors, including advanced OSCC, but with low efficacy due to chemoresistance. Therefore, identifying the pathways that contribute to chemoresistance may show new possibilities for improving the treatment. This work explored the role of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)/NFkB signaling in driving the cisplatin resistance of OSCC and its potential as a pharmacological target to overcome chemoresistance. Differential accessibility analysis demonstrated the enrichment of opened chromatin regions in members of the TNF-alpha/NFkB signaling pathway, and RNA-Seq confirmed the upregulation of TNF-alpha/NFkB signaling in cisplatin-resistant cell lines. NFkB was accumulated in cisplatin-resistant cell lines and in cancer stem cells (CSC), and the administration of TNF-alpha increased the CSC, suggesting that TNF-alpha/NFkB signaling is involved in the accumulation of CSC. TNF-alpha stimulation also increased the histone deacetylases HDAC1 and SIRT1. Cisplatin-resistant cell lines were sensitive to the pharmacological inhibition of NFkB, and low doses of the NFkB inhibitors, CBL0137, and emetine, efficiently reduced the CSC and the levels of SIRT1, increasing histone acetylation. The NFkB inhibitors decreased stemness potential, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion of cisplatin-resistant cell lines. The administration of the emetine significantly reduced the tumor growth of cisplatin-resistant xenograft models, decreasing NFkB and SIRT1, increasing histone acetylation, and decreasing CSC. TNF-alpha/NFkB/SIRT1 signaling regulates the epigenetic machinery by modulating histone acetylation, CSC, and aggressiveness of cisplatin-resistant OSCC and the NFkB inhibition is a potential strategy to treat chemoresistant OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Rodrigues de Castro
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Moré Milan
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Toxicology and Food Science, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia Espaladori Eskenazi
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rayana Longo Bighetti-Trevisan
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otávio Guilherme Gonçalves de Almeida
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Toxicology and Food Science, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Luis Munhoz Amorim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Luciana Oliveira de Almeida
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ames SC, Lange L, Ames GE, Heckman MG, White LJ, Roy V, Foran JM. A prospective study of the relationship between illness perception, depression, anxiety, and quality of life in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6906. [PMID: 38205943 PMCID: PMC10905249 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of study was to investigate whether depression and anxiety symptoms and illness perception prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) predict health related quality of life (HRQOL) at Day 100 and 1 year following HSCT. METHODS A total of 205 patients who underwent HSCT (N = 127 autologous transplants, N = 78 allogeneic transplants) were included in this prospective study. Baseline assessment was assessed prior to transplantation and post HSCT data were collected at Day 100 and 1 year. At baseline we assessed depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), illness perception (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and HRQOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-BMT). RESULTS Patients who expressed a greater level of concern about the severity, course, and ability to exert control over one's illness (i.e., illness perception) and who reported a greater level of depression and anxiety symptoms prior to HSCT reported lower HRQOL at both Day 100 and 1 year posttransplant, with a similar degree of association observed at the two follow-up time points. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that pretransplant perceptions about their illness and negative mood are significant predictors of HRQOL following HSCT. Illness perception, depression, and anxiety are potentially modifiable risk factors for less than optimal outcome after HCSCT and intervention strategies should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C. Ames
- Division of Hematology and OncologyMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Lori Lange
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of North FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Gretchen E. Ames
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychologyMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Michael G. Heckman
- Division of Clinical Trials and BiostatisticsMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Launia J. White
- Division of Clinical Trials and BiostatisticsMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Vivek Roy
- Division of Hematology and OncologyMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - James M. Foran
- Division of Hematology and OncologyMayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
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90
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Choi HY, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Mehta S, Hernandez JC, Lee JJ, Kou Y, Machida R, Giacca M, Del Sal G, Ray R, Eoh H, Tahara SM, Chen L, Tsukamoto H, Machida K. NOTCH localizes to mitochondria through the TBC1D15-FIS1 interaction and is stabilized via blockade of E3 ligase and CDK8 recruitment to reprogram tumor-initiating cells. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:461-477. [PMID: 38409448 PMCID: PMC10907578 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The P53-destabilizing TBC1D15-NOTCH protein interaction promotes self-renewal of tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs); however, the mechanisms governing the regulation of this pathway have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that TBC1D15 stabilizes NOTCH and c-JUN through blockade of E3 ligase and CDK8 recruitment to phosphodegron sequences. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) analysis was performed to determine whether TBC1D15-dependent NOTCH1 binding occurs in TICs or non-TICs. The TIC population was isolated to evaluate TBC1D15-dependent NOTCH1 stabilization mechanisms. The tumor incidence in hepatocyte-specific triple knockout (Alb::CreERT2;Tbc1d15Flox/Flox;Notch1Flox/Flox;Notch2Flox/Flox;HCV-NS5A) Transgenic (Tg) mice and wild-type mice was compared after being fed an alcohol-containing Western diet (WD) for 12 months. The NOTCH1-TBC1D15-FIS1 interaction resulted in recruitment of mitochondria to the perinuclear region. TBC1D15 bound to full-length NUMB and to NUMB isoform 5, which lacks three Ser phosphorylation sites, and relocalized NUMB5 to mitochondria. TBC1D15 binding to NOTCH1 blocked CDK8- and CDK19-mediated phosphorylation of the NOTCH1 PEST phosphodegron to block FBW7 recruitment to Thr-2512 of NOTCH1. ChIP-seq analysis revealed that TBC1D15 and NOTCH1 regulated the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism-related pathways required for the maintenance of TICs. TBC1D15 inhibited CDK8-mediated phosphorylation to stabilize NOTCH1 and protect it from degradation The NUMB-binding oncoprotein TBC1D15 rescued NOTCH1 from NUMB-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation and recruited NOTCH1 to the mitochondrial outer membrane for the generation and expansion of liver TICs. A NOTCH-TBC1D15 inhibitor was found to inhibit NOTCH-dependent pathways and exhibited potent therapeutic effects in PDX mouse models. This unique targeting of the NOTCH-TBC1D15 interaction not only normalized the perinuclear localization of mitochondria but also promoted potent cytotoxic effects against TICs to eradicate patient-derived xenografts through NOTCH-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yeon Choi
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuyao Zhao
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simran Mehta
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Hernandez
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Jin Lee
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yi Kou
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Risa Machida
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Area Science Park-Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ratna Ray
- Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanley M Tahara
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keigo Machida
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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91
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I A, Raghavan Pillai VB, P Joseph A, Ramani P, P J, Ramalingam K. Identification and Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Using NANOG: An Immunohistochemical Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55111. [PMID: 38558704 PMCID: PMC10979711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity may show precursor lesions, termed as potentially malignant disorders, of which leukoplakia is the most frequent one. Oral leukoplakia is a clinical diagnosis for which the histological diagnosis may be either hyperplasia or oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and sometimes even oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs), identified in various tumors, are a specific group of cells that exhibit the properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Among the various biomarkers that identify CSCs, the transcription factor NANOG is considered to be a significant one. AIM In this study, we intend to identify and compare the immunohistochemical expression of NANOG in OSCC, OED, and normal oral mucosa. METHODOLOGY Tissue blocks of OSCC (n=28), OED (n=28), and normal oral mucosa (n=28) were used in this study. Specimens were immunohistochemically analyzed for NANOG expression. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Games-Howell post hoc, and Student t-test. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 21; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY) software was used for performing the statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set as 0.05. OBSERVATIONS NANOG expression was higher in OSCC when compared to oral dysplasias and normal oral mucosa, in decreasing order. A significantly higher histo-score and labeling index score were observed in OSCC and oral dysplasias compared to normal oral mucosa (p=<0.001). CONCLUSION The expression levels of NANOG were positively correlated with disease progression in OSCC, implicating that NANOG can be used as a surrogate marker of oral oncogenesis and prognosis. Therefore, decoding the molecular mechanisms of NANOG regulation in the progression of cancer helps in developing new therapeutic strategies for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya I
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, IND
| | - Varun B Raghavan Pillai
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, IND
| | - Anna P Joseph
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Jayanthi P
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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92
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Wang T, Tao J, Wang B, Jiang T, Zhao X, Yu Y, Meng X. Reversing Resistance of Cancer Stem Cells and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy Based on Hyaluronic Acid Nanomicelles for Preventing Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302597. [PMID: 37941492 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach for tumor treatment; however, the therapeutic resistance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) severely limits its efficacy and easily lead to recurrence. Herein, a hyaluronic acid (HA)-Ce6-Olaparib (OLA) micelle (HCCO) is developed, which combines the CSC targeting of HA, the PDT effect of Ce6, and the DNA damage repair inhibition of OLA. More importantly, HCCO induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) effects, promotes dendritic cells maturation, and alleviates myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) infiltration to reverse CSC resistance. As a result, HCCO not only significantly inhibits the growth of 4T1 breast cancer cells and CSCs in vitro, but also effectively inhibits tumor recurrence and metastasis in vivo. This study provides a novel strategy for preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis by the combination of inhibiting DNA damage repair, reversing CSC resistance, and enhancing PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jiaojiao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tianze Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao, 266003, China
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93
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Ding G, Yu H, Jin J, Qiao X, Ma J, Zhang T, Cheng X. Reciprocal relationship between cancer stem cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: implications for tumor progression and therapeutic strategies. Future Oncol 2024; 20:215-228. [PMID: 38390682 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increased focus on cancer stem cells (CSCs) due to their resilience, making them difficult to eradicate. This resilience often leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. CSCs adeptly manipulate their surroundings to create an environment conducive to their survival. In this environment, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and bolstering CSCs' stemness. In response, CSCs attract MDSCs, enhancing their infiltration, expansion and immunosuppressive capabilities. This interaction between CSCs and MDSCs increases the difficulty of antitumor therapy. In this paper, we discuss the interplay between CSCs and MDSCs based on current research and highlight recent therapeutic strategies targeting either CSCs or MDSCs that show promise in achieving effective antitumor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqing Ding
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jason Jin
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jinyun Ma
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
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94
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Kosianova А, Pak O, Bryukhovetskiy I. Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 20:24. [PMID: 38170016 PMCID: PMC10758921 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most adverse diagnoses in oncology. Complex current treatment results in a median survival of 15 months. Resistance to treatment is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present review aimed to analyze the mechanisms of CSC plasticity, showing the particular role of β-catenin in regulating vital functions of CSCs, and to describe the molecular mechanisms of Wnt-independent increase of β-catenin levels, which is influenced by the local microenvironment of CSCs. The present review also analyzed the reasons for the low effectiveness of using medication in the regulation of CSCs, and proposed the development of immunotherapy scenarios with tumor cell vaccines, containing heterogenous cancer cells able of producing a multidirectional antineoplastic immune response. Additionally, the possibility of managing lymphopenia by transplanting hematopoietic stem cells from a healthy sibling and using clofazimine or other repurposed drugs that reduce β-catenin concentration in CSCs was discussed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Аleksandra Kosianova
- Medical Center, School of Medicine and Life Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Pak
- Medical Center, School of Medicine and Life Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Medical Center, School of Medicine and Life Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russian Federation
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95
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Wang D, Liu X, Li M, Ning J. HIF-1α regulates the cell viability in radioiodine-resistant papillary thyroid carcinoma cells induced by hypoxia through PKM2/NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:238-252. [PMID: 37861358 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The curative treatment options for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) encompass surgical intervention, radioactive iodine administration, and chemotherapy. However, the challenges of radioiodine (RAI) resistance, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance remain inadequately addressed. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in 131 I-resistant cells and a xenograft model under hypoxic conditions, as well as to explore potential mechanisms. The effects of HIF-1α on 131 I-resistant BCPAP and TPC-1 cells, as well as the xenograft model, were assessed in this study. Cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis rates were measured using Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Additionally, the expressions of Ki67, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) were examined using immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry assays. Sodium iodide symporter and PKM2/NF-κBp65 relative protein levels were detected by western blot analysis. The findings of our study indicate that siHIF-1α effectively inhibits cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion in 131 I-resistant cells under hypoxic conditions. Additionally, the treatment of siHIF-1α leads to alterations in the relative protein levels of Ki67, MMP-9, PKM2, and PKM2/NF-κBp65, both in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the effects of siHIF-1α are modified when DASA-58, an activator of PKM2, is administered. These results collectively demonstrate that siHIF-1α reduces cell viability in PTC cells and rat models, while also mediating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/PKM2 signaling pathway. Our findings provide a new rationale for further academic and clinical research on RAI-resistant PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Thyroid Surgery Ward, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Meijing Li
- Second Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyao Ning
- Thyroid Surgery Ward, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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96
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Mousa NA, Hussein A, Elemam NM, Mohammed G, Elwany M, Basha T, AlHammadi AA, Majzob RS, Talaat IM. Are embryonic stem cell markers and ALDH1A1 relevant in the context of breast cancer estrogen positivity? Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7004. [PMID: 38400679 PMCID: PMC10891463 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonic pluripotency markers are recognized for their role in ER- BC aggressiveness, but their significance in ER+ BC remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of expression of pluripotency markers in ER+ BC and their effect on survival and prognostic indicators. METHODS We analyzed data of ER+ BC patients from three large cancer datasets to assess the expression of three pluripotency markers (NANOG, SOX-2, and OCT4), and the stem cell marker ALDH1A1. Additionally, we investigated associations between gene expression, through mRNA-Seq analysis, and overall survival (OS). The prevalence of mutational variants within these genes was explored. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), we examined the expression and associations with clinicopathologic prognostic indicators of the four markers in 81 ER+ BC patients. RESULTS Through computational analysis, NANOG and ALDH1A1 genes were significantly upregulated in ER+ BC compared to ER- BC patients (p < 0.001), while POU5F1 (OCT4) was downregulated (p < 0.001). NANOG showed an adverse impact on OS whereas ALDH1A1 was associated with a highly significant improved survival in ER+ BC (p = 4.7e-6), except for the PR- and HER2+ subgroups. Copy number alterations (CNAs) ranged from 0.4% to 1.6% in these genes, with the highest rate detected in SOX2. In the IHC study, approximately one-third of tumors showed moderate to strong expression of each of the four markers, with 2-4 markers strongly co-expressed in 56.8% of cases. OCT-4 and ALDH1A1 showed a significant association with a high KI-67 index (p = 0.009 and 0.008, respectively), while SOX2 showed a significant association with perinodal fat invasion (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Pluripotency markers and ALDH1A1 are substantially expressed in ER+ BC tumors with different, yet significant, associations with prognostic and survival outcomes. This study suggests these markers as targets for prospective clinical validation studies of their prognostic value and their possible therapeutic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Mousa
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Hussein
- Family and Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Noha M. Elemam
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Mohammed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Elwany
- Medical Research Institute, Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Tasneem Basha
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Amal A. AlHammadi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Rana S. Majzob
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Medical Research Institute, Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
- Pathology Department, Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
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97
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Pershina OV, Ermakova NN, Pakhomova AV, Pan ES, Sandrikina LA, Zhukova MA, Kogai LV, Dygai AM, Skurikhin EG. Age-Related Features of the Response of Cancer Stem Cells and T Cells in Experimental Lung Cancer. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:486-490. [PMID: 38492106 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The responses of tumor stem cells and various populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells of young and aged C57BL/6 mice were studied in a lung cancer model. Using Lewis lung carcinoma cell line, an orthotopic model of lung cancer was modeled. Cancer stem cells, circulating tumor cells, and various populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the blood and lung tissue were studied by cytometry. We revealed age-related differences in the content of various populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the blood and lungs of intact young and aged mice. Age-related features of the reaction of various populations of cancer stem cells and CD4 and CD8 T cells in the blood and lungs of animals in the Lewis lung carcinoma were shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Pershina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - N N Ermakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A V Pakhomova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - E S Pan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L A Sandrikina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M A Zhukova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L V Kogai
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A M Dygai
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E G Skurikhin
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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98
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Aoki K, Nitta A, Igarashi A. NELF and PAF1C complexes are core transcriptional machineries controlling colon cancer stemness. Oncogene 2024; 43:566-577. [PMID: 38182897 PMCID: PMC10873196 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in APC, found in 80% of colon caner, enhance β-catenin stabilization, which is the initial step of colonic tumorigenesis. However, the core transcriptional mechanism underlying the induction of colon cancer stemness by stable β-catenin remains unclear. Here, we found that inducible inhibition of β-catenin suppressed elongation of Pol II and RNA polymerase-associated factor 1 complex (PAF1C) around the transcription start site (TSS) of LGR5. Moreover, stable β-catenin enhanced the formation of active Pol II complex cooperatively with CDC73 and CDK9 by facilitating the recruitment of DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) and negative elongation factor (NELF) complexes to the Pol II complex. Subsequently, stable β-catenin facilitated the formation of the Pol II-DSIF-PAF1C complex, suggesting that stable β-catenin induces cancer stemness by stimulating active Pol II complex through NELF and PAF1C. Furthermore, NELF or PAF1C inhibition recapitulated the changes in cancer stemness-related gene expression induced by the inhibition of stable β-catenin and suppressed colon cancer stemness. Additionally, the chemical inhibition of CDK12 (a downstream transcription CDK of PAF1C) suppressed colon cancer stemness. These results suggest that NELF and PAF1C are the core transcriptional machineries that control expression of colon cancer stemness-inducing genes and may be therapeutic targets for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Aoki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Akari Nitta
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Ayumi Igarashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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99
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Tu SM, Chen JZ, Singh SR, Maraboyina S, Gokden N, Hsu PC, Langford T. Stem Cell Theory of Cancer: Clinical Implications for Cellular Metabolism and Anti-Cancer Metabolomics. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:624. [PMID: 38339375 PMCID: PMC10854810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Otto Warburg may be right about the role of glycolysis versus OXPHOS in cancer metabolism, it remains unclear whether an altered metabolism is causative or correlative and is the main driver or a mere passenger in the pathogenesis of cancer. Currently, most of our successful treatments are designed to eliminate non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs) such as differentiated cancer cells. When the treatments also happen to control CSCs or the stem-ness niche, it is often unintended, unexpected, or undetected for lack of a pertinent theory about the origin of cancer that clarifies whether cancer is a metabolic, genetic, or stem cell disease. Perhaps cellular context matters. After all, metabolic activity may be different in different cell types and their respective microenvironments-whether it is in a normal progenitor stem cell vs. progeny differentiated cell and whether it is in a malignant CSC vs. non-CSC. In this perspective, we re-examine different types of cellular metabolism, e.g., glycolytic vs. mitochondrial, of glucose, glutamine, arginine, and fatty acids in CSCs and non-CSCs. We revisit the Warburg effect, an obesity epidemic, the aspartame story, and a ketogenic diet. We propose that a pertinent scientific theory about the origin of cancer and of cancer metabolism influences the direction of cancer research as well as the design of drug versus therapy development in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ming Tu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (J.Z.C.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Jim Z. Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (J.Z.C.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sunny R. Singh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (J.Z.C.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sanjay Maraboyina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Neriman Gokden
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Ping-Ching Hsu
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Timothy Langford
- Department of Urology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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Pallavi R, Gatti E, Durfort T, Stendardo M, Ravasio R, Leonardi T, Falvo P, Duso BA, Punzi S, Xieraili A, Polazzi A, Verrelli D, Trastulli D, Ronzoni S, Frascolla S, Perticari G, Elgendy M, Varasi M, Colombo E, Giorgio M, Lanfrancone L, Minucci S, Mazzarella L, Pelicci PG. Caloric restriction leads to druggable LSD1-dependent cancer stem cells expansion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:828. [PMID: 38280853 PMCID: PMC10821871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Caloric Restriction (CR) has established anti-cancer effects, but its clinical relevance and molecular mechanism remain largely undefined. Here, we investigate CR's impact on several mouse models of Acute Myeloid Leukemias, including Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, a subtype strongly affected by obesity. After an initial marked anti-tumor effect, lethal disease invariably re-emerges. Initially, CR leads to cell-cycle restriction, apoptosis, and inhibition of TOR and insulin/IGF1 signaling. The relapse, instead, is associated with the non-genetic selection of Leukemia Initiating Cells and the downregulation of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensing and Interferon (IFN) signaling genes. The CR-induced adaptive phenotype is highly sensitive to pharmacological or genetic ablation of LSD1, a lysine demethylase regulating both stem cells and dsRNA/ IFN signaling. CR + LSD1 inhibition leads to the re-activation of dsRNA/IFN signaling, massive RNASEL-dependent apoptosis, and complete leukemia eradication in ~90% of mice. Importantly, CR-LSD1 interaction can be modeled in vivo and in vitro by combining LSD1 ablation with pharmacological inhibitors of insulin/IGF1 or dual PI3K/MEK blockade. Mechanistically, insulin/IGF1 inhibition sensitizes blasts to LSD1-induced death by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic factor CFLAR. CR and LSD1 inhibition also synergize in patient-derived AML and triple-negative breast cancer xenografts. Our data provide a rationale for epi-metabolic pharmacologic combinations across multiple tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Pallavi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Gatti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiphanie Durfort
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Stendardo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ravasio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Leonardi
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Falvo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Achutti Duso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Punzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Aobuli Xieraili
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Polazzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Doriana Verrelli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Trastulli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Ronzoni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Frascolla
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Perticari
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohamed Elgendy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Medical Clinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred-Scheel Early Career Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC) University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, CZ-14220, Czech Republic
| | - Mario Varasi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Colombo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Universita' Statale di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Universita' Statale di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzarella
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Universita' Statale di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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