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Léon A, Fortier G, Fortier C, Freymuth F, Tapprest J, Leclercq R, Pronost S. Detection of equine herpesviruses in aborted foetuses by consensus PCR. Vet Microbiol 2008; 126:20-9. [PMID: 17686590 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The major role of EHV-1 in equine abortion is widely reported in the literature but the contribution of EHV-2, EHV-3, EHV-4 or EHV-5 remains less well documented. The objective of this study is to evaluate the contribution of these five different EHVs to equine abortion in a variety of biological tissues using a consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The test was validated for specificity and sensitivity in horses before screening specimens from 407 foetuses, stillbirths and premature foals collected over a 2.5-year interval. Positive results obtained with this assay were compared to other EHV type-specific PCR or by sequencing. EHV-1 was identified as the major cause of abortion in French mares (59/407 cases). However, there was evidence to suggest some variation in the potential of EHV-1 strains to induce abortion. Indeed, DNA samples from EHV-2 (in three cases) and EHV-5 (in one case) inferred a role of these viruses in abortion. The presence of viral DNA from EHV-3 or EHV-4 strains was not detected in the specimens studied. The data obtained suggest that the consensus herpesvirus PCR is an efficient screening tool. In association with a specific PCR, the test provides a rapid identification of the type of herpesvirus involved in abortion and is useful for routine diagnostic tests as it allows the identification of herpesviruses other than the EHV-1 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Léon
- Frank Duncombe Laboratory, 1 route de Rosel, 14053 Caen Cedex 4, France; Microbiology Service and EA 2128 Host Relations and Micro-organisms of the Epithelium, University Hospital of Caen, France
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52
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Legrand
- Animal Health Department; Frank Duncombe Laboratory; 1 Route de Rosel 14053 Caen Cedex 4 France
| | - P. H. Pitel
- Animal Health Department; Frank Duncombe Laboratory; 1 Route de Rosel 14053 Caen Cedex 4 France
| | - G. Fortier
- Animal Health Department; Frank Duncombe Laboratory; 1 Route de Rosel 14053 Caen Cedex 4 France
| | - S. Pronost
- Animal Health Department; Frank Duncombe Laboratory; 1 Route de Rosel 14053 Caen Cedex 4 France
| | - A. Vabret
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology; University Hospital; 14033 Caen France
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53
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Zhang J, Miszczak F, Pronost S, Fortier C, Balasuriya UBR, Zientara S, Fortier G, Timoney PJ. Genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of 22 French isolates of equine arteritis virus. Arch Virol 2007; 152:1977-94. [PMID: 17680321 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-007-1040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships among 22 French isolates of equine arteritis virus (EAV) obtained over four breeding seasons (2001-2004) were determined by sequencing open reading frames (ORFs) 2a-7. The ORFs 2a-7 of 22 isolates differed from the prototype virulent Bucyrus strain of EAV by between 14 (99.5% identity) and 328 (88.7% identity) nucleotides, and differed from each other by between 0 (100% identity) and 346 (88.1% identity) nucleotides, confirming genetic diversity among EAV strains circulating in France. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial ORF5 sequences (nucleotides 11296-11813) of 22 French isolates and 216 additional EAV strains available in GenBank clustered the global isolates of EAV into two distinct groups: North American and European. The latter could be further divided into two large subgroups: European subgroup 1 (EU-1) and European subgroup 2 (EU-2). Phylogenetic analysis based on 100 EAV ORF3 sequences yielded similar results. Of the 22 French EAV isolates, the 11 isolates obtained before January 28, 2003 clustered with either the EU-1 (9 isolates) or EU-2 (2 isolates) subgroup. In contrast, by the criteria used in this study, the 11 isolates obtained after January 30, 2003 belong to the North American group, strongly suggesting that these strains were recently introduced into France.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Maxwell H Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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54
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Couroucé-Malblanc A, Fortier G, Pronost S, Siliart B, Brachet G. Comparison of prednisolone and dexamethasone effects in the presence of environmental control in heaves-affected horses. Vet J 2007; 175:227-33. [PMID: 17363304 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to compare the efficacy of oral prednisolone and intramuscular (IM) dexamethasone in heaves-affected horses with environmental control. A total of 16 horses, aged 8-20years, with heaves were included in the study. Complete examinations were performed on Day 0 (before treatment), Day 13 (after treatment) and Day 30. Clinical variables, arterial blood gases, mucus scoring and carina evaluation (during endoscopy), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytological analysis were all assessed. The horses were randomly assigned to receive either oral prednisolone (1mg/kg) or IM dexamethasone (0.1mg/kg). The animals were clinically scored and mucus accumulation evaluated. Results were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA with time (days of treatment) and treatment as the main effects. When combined with environmental control, prednisolone and dexamethasone treatments had similar effects on heaves score, blood gases and endoscopic scores. However, dexamethasone had a more beneficial effect on BAL cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Couroucé-Malblanc
- UPSP 5304 de Physiopathologie Animale et Pharmacologie fonctionnelle, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, Atlanpôle - La Chantrerie, 44 307 Nantes Cedex, France.
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55
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Duquesne F, Pronost S, Laugier C, Petry S. Identification of Taylorella equigenitalis responsible for contagious equine metritis in equine genital swabs by direct polymerase chain reaction. Res Vet Sci 2007; 82:47-9. [PMID: 16806331 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Revised: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A direct-PCR assay was developed for the rapid detection of Taylorella equigenitalis, a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for contagious equine metritis (CEM) in Equidae. The bacteria may be detected in equine genital swabs without need for a preliminary step of DNA extraction or bacterial isolation. Specificity was determined with 125 isolates of T. equigenitalis, 24 isolates of Taylorella asinigenitalis, five commensal bacteria of the genital tract and a facultative intracellular pathogen of foals found in large concentration in soil. Our PCR is specific and amplified a 413-bp 16S ribosomal DNA product only in all T. equigenitalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duquesne
- AFSSA, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches en Pathologie Equine, IPC, Goustranville, 14430 Dozulé, France
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56
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Pitel PH, Romand S, Pronost S, Foucher N, Gargala G, Maillard K, Thulliez P, Collobert-Laugier C, Tainturier D, Fortier G, Ballet JJ. Investigation of Neospora sp. antibodies in aborted mares from Normandy, France. Vet Parasitol 2004; 118:1-6. [PMID: 14651869 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum, an apicomplexan protozoan parasite, is recognized as a major cause of abortion in cattle while limited information is presently available on association between equine Neospora infections and abortions. The aim of the present study was to document prevalence of antibodies against Neospora sp. in aborted mares as a clue to the role of N. caninum in mare reproductive failure in Normandy, France. Using an agglutination test, the number of animals with elevated (>80) anti-Neospora sp. antibody titer was higher in a group of 54 aborted mares than in randomly chosen groups of 45 mares and 76 horses sampled for equine arteritis virus and Fasciola hepatica antibodies, respectively (P<0.001). N. caninum DNA was found in 3/91 fetal brains, 2/77 fetal hearts, and 1/1 placenta, and present in both brains and hearts of two fetuses. In 13 cases for which both mare serum and fetus were available, no fetal N. caninum amplification product was present while a large variation of maternal antibody titers was found. Data prompt at additional surveys of association between equine reproductive failure and Neospora sp. infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Hugues Pitel
- Laboratoire Départemental Frank Duncombe, 1 Route de Rosel, 14053 Caen Cedex 4, France.
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57
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Pitel PH, Lindsay DS, Caure S, Romand S, Pronost S, Gargala G, Mitchell SM, Hary C, Thulliez P, Fortier G, Ballet JJ. Reactivity against Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora by serum antibodies in healthy French horses from two farms with previous equine protozoal myeloencephalitis-like cases. Vet Parasitol 2003; 111:1-7. [PMID: 12523974 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sarcocystis neurona is considered a leading cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), a common infectious neurological disease in horses in the Americas. EPM-like cases associated with S. neurona peptide reactive antibodies in Western blots were recently described in Normandy, France. In this report, antibodies reacting with S. neurona merozoites were detected using an agglutination assay at titers ranging from 50 to 500 in sera from 18/50 healthy horses from two farms with a previous EPM-like case. Higher values were found in older animals. Four out of six horses which traveled or stayed in the US exhibited titers over 50, a higher figure than in the group which did not travel out of France or stayed in an other European country. No correlation was found between anti-S. neurona and anti-Neospora sp. antibody titers. Data prompt further study of significance of anti-S. neurona antibodies in clinically healthy or diseased European horses, and identification of putative immunizing parasite(s) and their host(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Pitel
- Laboratoire Départemental Frank Duncombe, 1 route de Rosel, Caen, France
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58
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Fortier G, Pitel PH, Maillard K, Pronost S. Herpés virus en pathologie équine : connaissances actuelles et perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.4267/2042/47626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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59
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Taouji S, Bréard E, Peyret-Lacombe A, Pronost S, Fortier G, Collobert-Laugier C. Serum and mucosal antibodies of infected foals recognized two distinct epitopes of VapA of Rhodococcus equi. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2002; 34:299-306. [PMID: 12443830 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2002.tb00637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Virulence-associated protein A (VapA) of Rhodococcus equi has been proposed for use both as a vaccine and as a target for antibodies in immunotherapy and diagnostic tests. Epitope mapping of VapA allowed the identification of two B cell epitopes associated with R. equi pneumonia. The peptide NLQKDEPGRASDT was confirmed as an immunodominant N-terminal B cell epitope recognized by all sera from infected foals while VSFQYNAVGPYLNINFFDSS (C-terminal B cell epitope) was exclusively recognized by IgA from the tracheal aspirates. Moreover, specific antibodies produced against the VapA-specific peptide reacted with a major protein (approximately 20 kDa) from R. equi antigens separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The strong reactivity of mucosal IgA from infected foals with the conserved peptides might constitute an attractive target for diagnosis and vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saíd Taouji
- AFSSA, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches en Pathologie Equine, IPC, 14430 Goustranville, Dozulé, France.
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60
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Taouji S, Collobert C, Gicquel B, Sailleau C, Brisseau N, Moussu C, Breuil MF, Pronost S, Borchers K, Zientara S. Detection and isolation of equine herpesviruses 1 and 4 from horses in Normandy: an autopsy study of tissue distribution in relation to vaccination status. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2002; 49:394-9. [PMID: 12449249 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00590.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Equine herpesviruses type 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) are ubiquitous in the equine population. One of their main properties is their ability to establish life-long latent infections in their hosts even in those with natural or vaccine-induced immunity. However, effect of vaccination status on prevalence and tissue tropism was not established. In this study, EHV-1 and EHV-4 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and by classical virus isolation from neural, epithelial and lymphoid tissues collected from unvaccinated (33) or vaccinated (23) horses. The percentage of EHV-1- and EHV-4-positive horses between vaccinates and unvaccinates was similar. Both viruses were detected in all tissues of both groups; in particular, lymph nodes draining the respiratory tract, nasal epithelium and nervous ganglia [i.e. trigeminal ganglia (TG)], which represent the main positive sites for EHV-1 and EHV-4. In vaccinated animals, the nervous ganglia (i.e. TG) were less frequently positive than in unvaccinated animals. Detection of positive TG was strongly correlated to the presence of EHV-1 in nasal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Taouji
- AFSSA, Laboratoire d'études et de recherches en pathologie equine, Dozulé, France.
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61
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Couroucé-Malblanc A, Pronost S, Fortier G, Corde R, Rossignol F. Physiological measurements and upper and lower respiratory tract evaluation in French Standardbred Trotters during a standardised exercise test on the treadmill. Equine Vet J 2002:402-7. [PMID: 12405724 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There are a variety of reasons for poor performance in racehorses. Exercise intolerance has often been associated with subclinical respiratory abnormalities, and diagnostic aids are therefore used to enhance clinical detection. Physiological variables can also be measured in order to evaluate the metabolic reponse to exercise. This study evaluated the relationship between physiological measurements and upper airway videoendoscopy during a standardised treadmill exercise test and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology in control horses (good racing performance, n = 14) and poor performers (n = 27). The poor performers were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 = both upper and lower respiratory airway abnormal findings (n = 10); Group 2 = lower respiratory airway abnormal findings (n = 17). Horses in Group 2 were divided into 3 categories: Group 2A = exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH ; n = 5); Group 2B = small airway inflammation (SAI +/- EIPH; n = 7) and Group 2C = other (n = 5). During exercise, the poor performers had significantly lower arterial PaO2 and higher HR and blood lactate concentrations compared to controls. Total nucleated cell count of BAL fluid collected from poor racing performers was significantly higher than in controls; also, epithelial cells and haemosiderophage percentage collected from poor racing performers were significantly higher than in controls. Eight horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate also had cytological evidence of lower respiratory airway disease. The results of this study suggest that there is a significantly different metabolic response (HR, blood lactate, PaO2) to exercise in poor compared to good performers. As both upper and/or lower respiratory problems can be associated with poor racing performance, a detailed examination of the upper and lower respiratory tracts at rest, during and after exercise is advised.
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62
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Pitel PH, Pronost S, Gargala G, Anrioud D, Toquet MP, Foucher N, Collobert-Laugier C, Fortier G, Ballet JJ. Detection of Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in French horses with neurological signs. Int J Parasitol 2002; 32:481-5. [PMID: 11849644 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(01)00370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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63
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Pitel PH, Pronost S, Chatagnon G, Tainturier D, Fortier G, Ballet JJ. Neosporosis in bovine dairy herds from the west of France: detection of Neospora caninum DNA in aborted fetuses, seroepidemiology of N. caninum in cattle and dogs. Vet Parasitol 2001; 102:269-77. [PMID: 11731070 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is considered one of the major causes of abortion in cattle in most parts of the world. In this study, the role of N. caninum was investigated in groups of aborted cattle and dairy herds from the west of France. Good correlation was found between parasite DNA detection in fetuses and serologic statuses of dams. In groups with documented abortion status and no antibodies to other pathogens, 17-45% of aborted animals were seropositive for N. caninum, and significant relationship between prevalence of Neospora antibodies and frequency of abortions was found. Neospora-associated abortions were observed all the year round, with a peak in summer. Higher ratios of seropositive abortions were found before the 6th month of gestation. In 12 herds studied in the field, serologic prevalence ranged 6-47%. No difference in age was found between seropositive and seronegative cows. Results indicate that N. caninum is an important and stable cause of abortion in cattle in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Pitel
- Laboratoire Départemental Frank Duncombe, 1 Route de Rosel, 14053 Cedex, Caen, France
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64
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Fines M, Pronost S, Maillard K, Taouji S, Leclercq R. Characterization of mutations in the rpoB gene associated with rifampin resistance in Rhodococcus equi isolated from foals. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:2784-7. [PMID: 11473992 PMCID: PMC88239 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.8.2784-2787.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with a combination of erythromycin and rifampin has considerably improved survival rates of foals and immunocompromised patients suffering from severe pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi. Frequently, because of monotherapy, emergence of rifampin-resistant strains has been responsible for treatment failure. Using consensus oligonucleotides, we have amplified and sequenced the rifampin resistance (Rif(r))-determining regions of 12 rifampin-resistant R. equi strains isolated from three foals and of mutants selected in vitro from R. equi ATCC 3701, a rifampin-susceptible strain. The deduced amino acid sequences compared to those of four rifampin-susceptible R. equi strains showed several types of mutations. In 3 of the 10 strains isolated from one foal, His526Asn (Escherichia coli numbering) and Asp516Val mutations were associated with low-level resistance (rifampin MIC, 2 to 8 microg/ml), whereas His526Asp conferred high-level resistance (rifampin MIC, 128 microg/ml) in the 7 remaining strains. In strains from the two other foals, His526Asp and Ser531Leu mutations were found to be associated with high-level and low-level resistance, respectively. The in vitro mutants, highly resistant to rifampin, harbored His526Tyr and His526Arg substitutions. As described in other bacterial genera, His526, Ser531, and Asp516 are critical residues for rifampin resistance in R. equi, and the resistance levels are dependent on both the location and the nature of the substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fines
- Service de Microbiologie, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14033 Caen Cedex, France.
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65
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Pitel
- Laboratoire Departemental Frank Duncombe, Caen, France
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66
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Takai S, Shoda M, Sasaki Y, Tsubaki S, Fortier G, Pronost S, Rahal K, Becu T, Begg A, Browning G, Nicholson VM, Prescott JF. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms of virulence plasmids in Rhodococcus equi. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:3417-20. [PMID: 10488224 PMCID: PMC85590 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.10.3417-3420.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Virulent Rhodococcus equi, which is a well-known cause of pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals, possesses a large plasmid encoding virulence-associated 15- to 17-kDa antigens. Foal and soil isolates from five countries-Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, and Japan-were investigated for the presence of 15- to 17-kDa antigens by colony blotting, using the monoclonal antibody 10G5, and the gene coding for 15- to 17-kDa antigens by PCR. Plasmid DNAs extracted from positive isolates were digested with restriction endonucleases BamHI, EcoRI, EcoT22I, and HindIII, and the digestion patterns that resulted divided the plasmids of virulent isolates into five closely related types. Three of the five types had already been reported in Canadian and Japanese isolates, and the two new types had been found in French and Japanese isolates. Therefore, we tentatively designated these five types 85-kb type I (pREAT701), 85-kb type II (a new type), 87-kb type I (EcoRI and BamHI type 2 [V. M. Nicholson and J. F. Prescott, J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:738-740, 1997]), 87-kb type II (a new type), and 90-kb (pREL1) plasmids. The 85-kb type I plasmid was found in isolates from Argentina, Australia, Canada, and France. Plasmid 87-kb type I was isolated in specimens from Argentina, Canada, and France. The 85-kb type II plasmid appeared in isolates from France. On the other hand, plasmids 87-kb type II and 90-kb were found only in isolates from Japan. These results revealed geographic differences in the distribution of the virulence plasmids found in the five countries and suggested that the restriction fragment length polymorphism of virulence plasmids might be useful to elucidate the molecular epidemiology of virulent R. equi in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takai
- Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
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67
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Cruz TF, Tang J, Pronost S, Pujol JP. [Molecular mechanisms implicated in the inhibition of collagenase expression by diacerheine]. Rev Prat 1996; 46:S15-S19. [PMID: 8731725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T F Cruz
- Connective Tissue Research Group, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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68
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Pronost S, Segond N, Macro M, Rédini F, Penfornis H, Jullienne A, Moukhtar MS, Pujol JP. Modulation of interleukin-1 receptor expression by transforming growth factor-beta in cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes: analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1995; 3:147-55. [PMID: 8581744 DOI: 10.1016/s1063-4584(05)80049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI) expression in cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC) was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A cDNA probe specific for the rabbit IL-1RI gene was constructed using primers derived from the sequence data of the human, murine and chick receptors. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta-1) was shown to transiently increase the level of expected 900-bp PCR product at 1 h of incubation and decrease the expression at 48 and 72 h with no effect at 24 h. In receptor binding assays using [125I]-IL-1 alpha, TGF beta decreased IL-1R bioactivity at all time points. These results suggest that TGF beta-induced down-regulation of IL-1 RI could be responsible for its ability to antagonize the effect of IL-1 and that TGF beta may have a role in the repair of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pronost
- Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, CJF INSERM 91-06, Faculté de Médecine, Caen, France
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69
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Rédini F, Mauviel A, Pronost S, Loyau G, Pujol JP. Transforming growth factor beta exerts opposite effects from interleukin-1 beta on cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes through reduction of interleukin-1 receptor expression. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36:44-50. [PMID: 8424835 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780360108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine whether transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) modulates the effects and the receptor expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC). METHODS Collagen, glycosaminoglycan, and collagenase production, together with 125I-labeled IL-1 binding, were analyzed in RAC cultures. RESULTS TGF beta reduced both IL-1 effects on matrix metabolism and IL-1 receptor expression. CONCLUSION TGF beta acts as an antagonist of the effects of IL-1 through down-regulation of its receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rédini
- Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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Pronost S, Rédini F, Vivien D, Galéra P, Pujol JP. Human rheumatoid synovial cells (HRSC) in culture express TGF-beta receptors and are growth stimulated by the factor. Agents Actions Suppl 1993; 39:133-7. [PMID: 8384400 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7442-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
TGF-beta (5 ng/ml) increased the proliferation rate of HRSC by 30% after 96 h of treatment. One type of TGF-beta binding system, with apparent Kd of 953 pM and a number of 29,400 receptors/cell, was detected by Scatchard analysis of [125I]-TGF-beta binding. However, crosslinking experiments and SDS-PAGE separation showed five TGF-beta binding proteins: 50, 70, 110, 140 and 400 kDa. We may suggest that the affinities of these receptors are too close to be revealed by Scatchard plot. All together, the data suggest that TGF-beta plays a role in the hyperplasia of RA synovial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pronost
- Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, C.H.U. Niv. 3, Caen, France
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71
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Pronost S, Delecoeuillerie G, Rédini F, Paolozzi L, Vivien D, Galéra P, Loyau G, Pujol JP. Interleukin-1 and naproxen down-regulate the expression of IL-1 receptors in cultured human rheumatoid synovial cells (HRSC). Agents Actions Suppl 1993; 39:213-7. [PMID: 8456631 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7442-7_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Using affinity binding of [125I]-IL-1 alpha and Scatchard analysis, we demonstrate here that exposure of cultured synovial cells (HRSC) to NPX (10(-4) M) for 96 h decreased the binding of IL-1 by 20 to 35%. This effect results from a down-regulation of the IL-1 receptors without change in the apparent binding affinity (kD: 770 pM). Pretreatment of cultures with IL-1 alpha (500 pg/ml) reduced the total binding of [125I]-IL-1 alpha on HRSC by 65%, indicating that IL-1 decreases the expression of its own receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pronost
- Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, C.H.U. Niveau 3, Caen, France
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72
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Galéra P, Vivien D, Pronost S, Bonaventure J, Rédini F, Loyau G, Pujol JP. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) up-regulation of collagen type II in primary cultures of rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC) involves increased mRNA levels without affecting mRNA stability and procollagen processing. J Cell Physiol 1992; 153:596-606. [PMID: 1447320 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041530322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) on collagen biosynthesis was investigated in confluent primary monolayer cultures of rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC). Exposure to TGF-beta (0.1, 1, and 10 ng/ml) in serum-free medium caused a dose- and time-dependent stimulation of collagen biosynthesis associated with an increase of steady-state levels of procollagen type II mRNA. Elevation of the mRNA steady-state did not result from a stabilization of the transcript, as shown by measure of the mRNA half-life. Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that TGF-beta stimulates the synthesis of most collagen isotypes, including type II, without qualitative change in their distribution. Moreover, pulse-chase experiments revealed that TGF-beta did not affect the processing rate of type II procollagen. TGF-beta slightly stimulated the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which could in turn exert an inhibition on collagen synthesis. However, addition of indomethacin to block prostaglandin synthesis did not further enhance the TGF-beta-induced stimulation of collagen production, suggesting that this mediator was not implicated in the effect. Moreover, TGF-beta increased steady-state levels of procollagen type II, I, and III mRNAs even in the presence of indomethacin. Despite these increased mRNA levels, only the production of type II collagen was significantly augmented, suggesting that type I procollagen mRNA was not fully translated. In addition, the TGF-beta-induced stimulation of collagen synthesis was observed whenever ascorbic acid is added or not in the culture medium. In conclusion, TGF-beta, which is present in great amount in bone and cartilage, can increase the collagen production of cultured RAC and might therefore play a role in the early events of cartilage repair, such as those observed in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Galéra
- Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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Galéra P, Rédini F, Vivien D, Pronost S, Loyau G, Pujol JP. TGF-β1 does not prevent dedifferentiation of cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC). Cytokine 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/1043-4666(91)90118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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