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Abstract
In designing biomaterial for regenerative medicine or tissue engineering, there are a variety of issues to consider including biocompatibility, biochemical reactivity, and cellular interaction etc. Mussel-inspired biomaterials have received much attention because of its appealing features including strong adhesiveness on moist surfaces, enhancement of cell adhesion, immobilization of bioactive molecules and its amenability to post-functionalization via catechol chemistry. In this review chapter, we give a brief introduction on the basic principles of mussel-inspired polydopamine coating, catechol conjugation, and discuss how their features play a vital role in biomedical application. Special emphasis is placed on tissue engineering and regenerative applications. We aspire to give readers of this book a comprehensive insight into mussel-inspired biomaterials that can facilitate them make significant contributions in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
As our understanding of onset and progress of diseases at the genetic and molecular level rapidly progresses, the potential of advanced technologies, such as 3D-printing, Socially-Assistive Robots (SARs) or augmented reality (AR), that are applied to personalized nanomedicines (PNMs) to alleviate pathological conditions, has become more prominent. Among advanced technologies, AR in particular has the greatest potential to address those challenges and facilitate the translation of PNMs into formidable clinical application of personalized therapy. As AR is about to adapt additional new methods, such as speech, voice recognition, eye tracing and motion tracking, to enable interaction with host response or biological systems in 3-D space, a combination of multiple approaches to accommodate varying environmental conditions, such as public noise and atmosphere brightness, will be explored to improve its therapeutic outcomes in clinical applications. For instance, AR glasses still being developed by Facebook or Microsoft will serve as new platform that can provide people with the health information they are interested in or various measures through which they can interact with medical services. This review has addressed the current progress and impact of AR on PNMs and its application to the biomedical field. Special emphasis is placed on the application of AR based PNMs to the treatment strategies against senior care, drug addiction and medication adherence.
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Nedyalkova M, Donkova B, Romanova J, Tzvetkov G, Madurga S, Simeonov V. Iron oxide nanoparticles - In vivo/in vitro biomedical applications and in silico studies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 249:192-212. [PMID: 28499604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The review presents a broad overview of the biomedical applications of surface functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents for sensitive and precise diagnosis tool and synergistic combination with other imaging modalities. Then, the recent progress in therapeutic applications, such as hyperthermia is discussed and the available toxicity data of magnetic nanoparticles concerning in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications are addressed. This review also presents the available computer models using molecular dynamics (MD), Monte Carlo (MC) and density functional theory (DFT), as a basis for a complete understanding of the behaviour and morphology of functionalized IONPs, for improving NPs surface design and expanding the potential applications in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Nedyalkova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski". J. Bourchier Blvd. 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Borjana Donkova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski". J. Bourchier Blvd. 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Julia Romanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski". J. Bourchier Blvd. 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - George Tzvetkov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski". J. Bourchier Blvd. 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sergio Madurga
- Materials Science and Physical Chemistry Department & Research Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB) of Barcelona University (UB), C/Martí i Franquès, 1, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vasil Simeonov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski". J. Bourchier Blvd. 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Nasrin R, Biswas S, Rashid TU, Afrin S, Jahan RA, Haque P, Rahman MM. Preparation of Chitin-PLA laminated composite for implantable application. Bioact Mater 2017; 2:199-207. [PMID: 29744430 PMCID: PMC5935514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the possibilities of using locally available inexpensive waste prawn shell derived chitin reinforced and bioabsorbable polylactic acid (PLA) laminated composites to develop new materials with excellent mechanical and thermal properties for implantable application such as in bone or dental implant. Chitin at different concentration (1–20% of PLA) reinforced PLA films (CTP) were fabricated by solvent casting process and laminated chitin-PLA composites (LCTP) were prepared by laminating PLA film (obtained by hot press method) with CTP also by hot press method at 160 °C. The effect of variation of chitin concentration on the resulting laminated composite's behavior was investigated. The detailed physico-mechanical, surface morphology and thermal were assessed with different characterization technique such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TGA. The FTIR spectra showed the characteristic peaks for chitin and PLA in the composites. SEM images showed an excellent dispersion of chitin in the films and composites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the complete degradation of chitin, PLA film, 5% chitin reinforced PLA film (CTP2) and LCTP are 98%, 95%, 87% and 98% respectively at temperature of 500 °C. The tensile strength of the LCTP was found 25.09 MPa which is significantly higher than pure PLA film (18.55 MPa) and CTP2 film (8.83 MPa). After lamination of pure PLA and CTP2 film, the composite (LCTP) yielded 0.265–1.061% water absorption from 30 min to 24 h immerse in water that is much lower than PLA and CTP. The increased mechanical properties of the laminated films with the increase of chitin content indicated good dispersion of chitin into PLA and strong interfacial actions between the polymer and chitin. The improvement of mechanical properties and the results of antimicrobial and cytotoxicity of the composites also evaluated and revealed the composite would be a suitable candidate for implant application in biomedical sector. A novel laminated composite has been prepared from chitin and PLA. The detailed study revealed that 5% chitin in PLA showed enhanced physico-mechanical properties. The composite showed significantly lowered water absorptivity and enhanced antimicrobial sensitivity. 5% chitin-PLA laminated composite can be a suitable candidate for biomedical application in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Nasrin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shanta Biswas
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Taslim Ur Rashid
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Afrin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rumana Akhter Jahan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Papia Haque
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Liu L, Feng X, Pei Y, Wang J, Ding J, Chen L. α-Cyclodextrin concentration-controlled thermo-sensitive supramolecular hydrogels. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2017; 82:25-28. [PMID: 29025655 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels (SHGs) built from inclusion complex of macrocyclic compound α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have attracted much interest due to their excellent biocompatibility and great potential for biomedical applications. In this work, the hydrogen bond of nucleic acid was introduced into the above-mentioned SHG by syntheses of nucleobase guanine/cytosine (G/C)-terminated PEG (G-PEG-G/C-PEG-C). The base-pairing interaction between G and C as an additional network junction effectively enhanced storage moduli (G's) of the hydrogels. Moreover, the prepared hydrogels exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and property for controlled drug release, outlining the potential of thermo-sensitive construct for biomedical applications, such as local chemotherapy of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Xiangru Feng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yueting Pei
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Jinze Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
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106
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Etxabide A, Vairo C, Santos-Vizcaino E, Guerrero P, Pedraz JL, Igartua M, de la Caba K, Hernandez RM. Ultra thin hydro-films based on lactose-crosslinked fish gelatin for wound healing applications. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:455-467. [PMID: 28789885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development and characterization of an ultra thin hydro-film based on lactose-mediated crosslinking of fish gelatin by Maillard reaction. Lactose results in the only efficient crosslinker able to produce resistant to handling hydro-films when compared to conventional crosslinkers such as glutaraldehyde or genipin (tested at 25 and 37°C in phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS)).The disappearance of the peak related to the N-containing groups (XPS) and the images obtained by SEM and AFM demonstrate the highly ordered nano-scaled structure of lactose-crosslinked gelatin, confirming the crosslinking efficiency. This dressing presents high hydrophilicity and mild occlusivity, as shown by the swelling curve (max swelling at 5min) and by the occlusion factor of 25.17±0.99%, respectively. It demonstrates high stability to hydrolysis or cell-mediated degradation. Moreover, ISO 10993-5:2009 biocompatibility assay results in undetectable cytotoxicity effects. Spreading, adhesion and proliferation assays confirm the excellent adaptability of the cells onto the hydro-film surface without invading the dressing. Finally, the hydro-film enables the controlled delivery of therapeutic factors, such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF). This study demonstrates that lactose-mediated crosslinking is able to produce ultra thin gelatin hydro-films with suitable properties for biomedical applications, such as wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaitz Etxabide
- BIOMAT Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering College of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Claudia Vairo
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Pedro Guerrero
- BIOMAT Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering College of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Manoli Igartua
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Koro de la Caba
- BIOMAT Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering College of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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107
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Villa-Manríquez JF, Castro-Ramos J, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Lopéz-Pacheco MA, Villanueva-Luna AE. Raman spectroscopy and PCA-SVM as a non-invasive diagnostic tool to identify and classify qualitatively glycated hemoglobin levels in vivo. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:1074-1079. [PMID: 28009134 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study we identify and classify high and low levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in healthy volunteers (HV) and diabetic patients (DP). Overall, 86 subjects were evaluated. The Raman spectrum was measured in three anatomical regions of the body: index fingertip, right ear lobe, and forehead. The measurements were performed to compare the difference between the HV and DP (22 well controlled diabetic patients (WCDP) (HbA1c <6.5%), and 49 not controlled diabetic patients (NCDP) (HbA1c ≥6.5%)). Multivariable methods such as principal components analysis (PCA) combined with support vector machine (SVM) were used to develop effective diagnostic algorithms for classification among these groups. The forehead of HV versus WCDP showed the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%). Sensitivity (100%) and specificity (60%), were highest in the forehead of WCDP, versus NCDP. In HV versus NCDP, the fingertip had the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (80%). The efficacy of the diagnostic algorithm by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was confirmed. Overall, our study demonstrated that the combination of Raman spectroscopy and PCA-SVM are feasible non-invasive diagnostic tool in diabetes to classify qualitatively high and low levels of HbA1c in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Villa-Manríquez
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, apartado postal 51 y 216, Tonantzintla, Puebla, CP 72000, México
| | - J Castro-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, apartado postal 51 y 216, Tonantzintla, Puebla, CP 72000, México
| | - F Gutiérrez-Delgado
- Centro de Estudios y Prevención del Cáncer, Bugambilias 30, Fraccionamiento la Rivera, Juchitan, Oaxaca, CP 70020, México
| | - M A Lopéz-Pacheco
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, apartado postal 51 y 216, Tonantzintla, Puebla, CP 72000, México
| | - A E Villanueva-Luna
- Universidad Tecnológica de Campeche, Carretera Federal 180 S/N, San Antonio Cárdenas, Carmen, Campeche, CP 24100, México
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108
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Maktedar SS, Mehetre SS, Avashthi G, Singh M. In situ sonochemical reduction and direct functionalization of graphene oxide: A robust approach with thermal and biomedical applications. Ultrason Sonochem 2017; 34:67-77. [PMID: 27773294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rapid, robust, scalable and non-hazardous sonochemical approach for in situ reduction and direct functionalization of graphene oxide has been developed for non-toxic biomedical applications. The graphene oxide (GrO) was directly functionalized with tryptamine (TA) without using any hazardous acylating and coupling reagents. The reaction was completed within 20min. An impact of ultrasound was inferred for a direct functionalization with other conventional methods. The evolved electronic states were confirmed with near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). The direct covalent functionalization and formation of f-(TA) GrO was proven with FTIR, 13C solid state NMR, XPS, XRD, Raman' HRTEM, AFM and TGA. The total percentage weight loss in TGA confirms an enhanced thermal stability of f-(TA) GrO. The f-(TA) GrO was further explored for an investigation of in vitro antimicrobial activity to ensure the health and environmental safety. An outstanding antibacterial activity of f-(TA) GrO was found against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus at MIC 128mgmL-1. It confirms a suitability of f-(TA) GrO for thermally stable antibacterial coating. The f-(TA) GrO showed 39.14-48.9% antioxidant activities, evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The inherent cytotoxicity of f-(TA) GrO was evaluated with SRB assay to living cells, MCF-7 and Vero. The estimated cell viabilities were >80% upon addition of f-(TA) GrO over a wide concentration range of 10-80μgmL-1. The high cytocompatibility of f-(TA) GrO confirms the low toxicity and an excellent biocompatibility. The morphological effect on Vero cell line, evidently confirmed the biocompatibility of f-(TA) GrO. Therefore, f-(TA) GrO was emerged as an advanced functional biomaterial for thermal and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant S Maktedar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India.
| | - Shantilal S Mehetre
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Gopal Avashthi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Man Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India.
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Talemi RP, Mousavi SM, Afruzi H. Using gold nanostars modified pencil graphite electrode as a novel substrate for design a sensitive and selective Dopamine aptasensor. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2017; 73:700-8. [PMID: 28183663 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, gold nanostars (GNS) were applied for electrostatic and covalent immobilizing a thiol modified Dopamine aptamer on the pencil graphite electrode and signal amplification. Dopamine aptamer was immobilized on the gold nanostars through electrostatic interaction between negatively charged phosphate groups of aptamer and positively charged gold nanostars and AuS well known covalent interaction. In the presence of Dopamine in the test solution, the charge transfer resistance (RCT) on the electrode surface increased with the increase of the Dopamine concentration due to specific interaction between Dopamine aptamer and Dopamine molecules, which made a barrier for electrons and inhibited the electron-transfer. So, the proposed approach showed a high sensitivity and a wide linearity to Dopamine in the range from 1.0 (±0.1) to 100.0 (±0.3) ngL-1 (ppt) with detection and quantification limits of 0.29 (±0.10) and 0.90 (±0.08) ngL-1 (ppt), respectively. Finally, the sensor was successfully used for determination of Dopamine in biological (human blood plasma and urine) samples. The results open up the path for manufacturing cost effective aptasensors for other biomedical applications.
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110
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Abstract
Surface functionalization via molecular design has been a key approach to incorporate new functionalities into existing biomaterials for biomedical application. Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) has aroused great interest as a new route to the functionalization of biomaterials, due to its simplicity and material independency in deposition, favorable interactions with cells, and strong reactivity for secondary functionalization. Herein, this review attempts to highlight the recent findings and progress of PDA in bio-surface functionalization for biomedical applications. The efforts made to elucidate the polymerization mechanism, PDA structure, and the preparation parameters have been discussed. Interactions between PDA coatings and the various cell types involved in different biomedical applications including general cell adhesion, bone regeneration, blood compatibility, and antimicrobial activity have also been highlighted. A brief discussion of post-functionalization of PDA and nanostructured PDA is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.H. Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - M. Floren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research and Developmental Lung Biology Laboratories, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - W. Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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111
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Katz E, Poghossian A, Schöning MJ. Enzyme-based logic gates and circuits-analytical applications and interfacing with electronics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:81-94. [PMID: 27900435 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The paper is an overview of enzyme-based logic gates and their short circuits, with specific examples of Boolean AND and OR gates, and concatenated logic gates composed of multi-step enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions. Noise formation in the biocatalytic reactions and its decrease by adding a "filter" system, converting convex to sigmoid response function, are discussed. Despite the fact that the enzyme-based logic gates are primarily considered as components of future biomolecular computing systems, their biosensing applications are promising for immediate practical use. Analytical use of the enzyme logic systems in biomedical and forensic applications is discussed and exemplified with the logic analysis of biomarkers of various injuries, e.g., liver injury, and with analysis of biomarkers characteristic of different ethnicity found in blood samples on a crime scene. Interfacing of enzyme logic systems with modified electrodes and semiconductor devices is discussed, giving particular attention to the interfaces functionalized with signal-responsive materials. Future perspectives in the design of the biomolecular logic systems and their applications are discussed in the conclusion. Graphical Abstract Various applications and signal-transduction methods are reviewed for enzyme-based logic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699-5810, USA.
| | - Arshak Poghossian
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, FH Aachen, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, 52428, Jülich, Germany. .,Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-8), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Michael J Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, FH Aachen, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, 52428, Jülich, Germany. .,Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-8), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
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112
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Ullah H, Wahid F, Santos HA, Khan T. Advances in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of functional bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 150:330-52. [PMID: 27312644 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesized by certain species of bacteria, is a fascinating biopolymer with unique physical and mechanical properties. BC's applications range from traditional dessert, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in the food industry to advanced high-tech applications, such as immobilization of enzymes, bacteria and fungi, tissue engineering, heart valve prosthesis, artificial blood vessels, bone, cartilage, cornea and skin, and dental root treatment. Various BC-composites have been designed and investigated in order to enhance its biological applicability. This review focuses on the application of BC-based composites for microbial control, wound dressing, cardiovascular, ophthalmic, skeletal, and endodontics systems. Moreover, applications in controlled drug delivery, biosensors/bioanalysis, immobilization of enzymes and cells, stem cell therapy and skin tissue repair are also highlighted. This review will provide new insights for academia and industry to further assess the BC-based composites in terms of practical applications and future commercialization for biomedical and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
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113
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Xi H, Lu MC, Qian X, Zhang QM, Rupprecht S, Yang QX. An Ultrasensitive Magnetoelectric Sensor System For the Quantitative Detection of Liver Iron. Proc IEEE Sens 2016; 2016. [PMID: 29805722 DOI: 10.1109/icsens.2016.7808778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasensitive magnetoelectric (ME) sensors have been developed using magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminate heterostructures. This paper discusses a highly interdisciplinary design of a room temperature biomagnetic liver susceptometry system (BLS) based on the ME sensors. The ME-sensor based BLS maintains the ultrahigh sensitivity to detect the weak AC biomagnetic signals and introduces a low equivalent magnetic noise. The results reveal a "turning point" and successfully indicate the output signals to be linearly responsive to iron concentrations from normal iron level (0.05 mgFe/gliver phantom) to 5 mgFe/gliver phantom iron overload level (100X overdose). Further, the introduction of the water-bag technique shows the promise on the automatic deduction of the background (tissue) signal, enabling an even higher sensitivity and better signal-to-noise (SNR). With these improvements, it becomes feasible to get improved characterization flexibility and the field distribution mapping potential via signal processing from the correlations of multiple sensors in the system. Considering the wide presence of biomagnetic signals in human organs, the potential impact of such biomagnetic devices on medicine and health care could be enormous and far-reaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Meng-Chien Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Xiaoshi Qian
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Q M Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Sebastian Rupprecht
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
| | - Qing X Yang
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
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Markus J, Mathiyalagan R, Kim YJ, Abbai R, Singh P, Ahn S, Perez ZEJ, Hurh J, Yang DC. Intracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles with antioxidant activity by probiotic Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51 T isolated from Korean kimchi. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 95:85-93. [PMID: 27866630 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) is achieved by novel probiotic Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51T isolated from Korean kimchi via an intracellular membrane-bound mechanism. The bioreduction of HAuCl4 into AuNps was verified by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry at ∼540nm. AuNps were spherical with varying sizes of 5-30nm. AuNps maintained an average crystallite size of 13nm and demonstrated long-term stability in physiological buffer and biological media. Furthermore, the protective capping layer consisted of amino acid residues and surface-bound proteins rendered them non-toxic to murine macrophage (RAW264.7) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell lines. Finally, biosynthesized AuNps served as superior free radical scavengers against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in contrast to their corresponding gold salt. In short, this green synthesis is cost-effective and advantageous for the development of a new class of probiotics mediated and non-toxic carriers in targeted drug delivery systems, cancer diagnostic, photothermal therapy, biosensing, and medical imaging.
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115
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Kim EB, Seo JM, Kim GW, Lee SY, Park TJ. In vivo synthesis of europium selenide nanoparticles and related cytotoxicity evaluation of human cells. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 95:201-208. [PMID: 27866616 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology strives to combine new materials for development of noble nanoparticles. As the nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties depending on their composition, developing safe, cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies for the synthesis have become an important issue. In this study, in vivo synthesis of europium selenide (EuSe) nanoparticles was performed using recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing heavy-metal binding proteins, phytochelatin synthase and metallothionein. The formation of EuSe nanoparticles was confirmed by using UV-vis spectroscopy, spectrofluorometry, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray and transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized EuSe nanoparticles exhibited high fluorescence intensities as well as strong magnetic properties. Furthermore, anti-cancer effect of EuSe nanoparticles against cancer cell lines was investigated. This strategy for the biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles has a great potential as bioimaging tools and drug carrying agents in biomedical fields due to its simplicity and nontoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Bee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Ji Min Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Gi Wook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Bio & Brain Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the BioCentury, and Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
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116
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Blanda G, Brucato V, Pavia FC, Greco S, Piazza S, Sunseri C, Inguanta R. Galvanic deposition and characterization of brushite/hydroxyapatite coatings on 316L stainless steel. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2016; 64:93-101. [PMID: 27127032 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, brushite and brushite/hydroxyapatite (BS, CaHPO4·H2O; HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) coatings were deposited on 316L stainless steel (316LSS) from a solution containing Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and NH4H2PO4 by a displacement reaction based on a galvanic contact, where zinc acts as sacrificial anode. Driving force for the cementation reaction arises from the difference in the electrochemical standard potentials of two different metallic materials (316LSS and Zn) immersed in an electrolyte, so forming a galvanic contact leading to the deposition of BS/HA on nobler metal. We found that temperature and deposition time affect coating features (morphology, structure, and composition). Deposits were characterized by means of several techniques. The morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, the elemental composition was obtained by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, whilst the structure was identified by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. BS was deposited at all investigated temperatures covering the 316LSS surface. At low and moderate temperature, BS coatings were compact, uniform and with good crystalline degree. On BS layers, HA crystals were obtained at 50°C for all deposition times, while at 25°C, its presence was revealed only after long deposition time. Electrochemical studies show remarkable improvement in corrosion resistance.
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117
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Guo S, Zhu X, Loh XJ. Controlling cell adhesion using layer-by-layer approaches for biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2017; 70:1163-75. [PMID: 27772718 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the adhesion of mammalian and bacterial cells at the interfaces between synthetic materials and biological environments is a real challenge in the biomedical fields such as tissue engineering, antibacterial coating, implantable biomaterials and biosensors. The surface properties of materials are known to profoundly influence the adhesion processes. To mediate the adhesion processes, polymeric coatings have been used to functionalize surfaces to introduce diverse physicochemical properties. The polyelectrolyte multilayer films built via the layer-by-layer (LbL) method, introduced by Moehwald, Decher, and Lvov 20years ago, has led to significant developments ranging from the fundamental understanding of cellular processes to controlling cell adhesion for biomedical applications. In this review, we focus our attention on the modification of surface physicochemical properties, using the LbL approach, to construct films which can either promote or inhibit mammalian/bacterial cell adhesion. We also discuss the emerging field of multifunctional surfaces capable of responding to specific cellular activity but being inert to the others.
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118
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Liao N, Joshi MK, Tiwari AP, Park CH, Kim CS. Fabrication, characterization and biomedical application of two-nozzle electrospun polycaprolactone/zein-calcium lactate composite nonwoven mat. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 60:312-323. [PMID: 26919567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current work is to incorporate calcium lactate (CL) into polycaprolactone (PCL)/zein composite micro/nanofibrous scaffolds via electrospinning to engineer bone tissue. In this study, a composite micro/nano fibrous scaffold was fabricated using a single two-nozzle electrospinning system to combine indicative nanofibers from a blended solution of zein-CL and micro-sized fibers from a PCL solution. Incorporation of the CL into the PCL/zein fibers were shown to improve the wettability, tensile strength and biological activity of the composite mats. Moreover, the composite mats have a high efficiency to nucleate calcium phosphate from simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. An in vitro cell culture with osteoblast cells demonstrated that the electrospun composite mats possessed improved biological properties, including a better cell adhesion, spread and proliferation. This study has demonstrated that the PCL/zein-CL composite provides a simple platform to fabricate a new biomimetic scaffold for bone tissue engineering, which can recapitulate both the morphology of extracellular matrix and composition of the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Liao
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - Mahesh Kumar Joshi
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Arjun Prasad Tiwari
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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119
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Zare Y, Shabani I. Polymer/metal nanocomposites for biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015; 60:195-203. [PMID: 26706522 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer/metal nanocomposites consisting of polymer as matrix and metal nanoparticles as nanofiller commonly show several attractive advantages such as electrical, mechanical and optical characteristics. Accordingly, many scientific and industrial communities have focused on polymer/metal nanocomposites in order to develop some new products or substitute the available materials. In the current paper, characteristics and applications of polymer/metal nanocomposites for biomedical applications are extensively explained in several categories including strong and stable materials, conductive devices, sensors and biomedical products. Moreover, some perspective utilizations are suggested for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Shabani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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120
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De Souza Ferreira SB, Moço TD, Borghi-Pangoni FB, Junqueira MV, Bruschi ML. Rheological, mucoadhesive and textural properties of thermoresponsive polymer blends for biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 55:164-178. [PMID: 26590909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of binary polymeric mixtures (polymer blends) containing bioadhesive and thermoresponsive polymers can provide new materials for biomedical applications, with higher contact, increased adhesion, prolonged residence time, protection, and in determined cases, secured absorption of an active agent from the site of application. Mixtures were prepared using a wide range of poloxamer 407 and Carbopol 971P(®) amounts. The rheological (flow and oscillatory), sol-gel transition temperature, mechanical (hardness, compressibility, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and elasticity), softness, and mucoadhesive properties of formulations were investigated. Moreover, the interaction between the different proportions of polymers was also analyzed. Continuous shear and oscillatory rheometry identified the plastic flow with various degrees of thixotropy, besides the viscoelastic behavior of formulations. The determination of gelation temperature displayed values ranged from 27.17 to 41.09°C. It was also found that low carbomer concentrations were enough to provide positive interaction parameter. However, the highest values were obtained for the polymeric blends with higher concentration of poloxamer 407. The mucoadhesion and softness index were greater in preparations containing 20% (w/w) poloxamer 407. The rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties of the polymeric blends can be manipulated by changing the concentrations of the polymers and they suggest the blends are worthy of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Barbosa De Souza Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Talita Dias Moço
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Belincanta Borghi-Pangoni
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Volpato Junqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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121
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Yang Y, Li J. Lipid, protein and poly(NIPAM) coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:155-63. [PMID: 24268194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanocarriers have showed much potential in advanced nanomaterials due to their large surface area and pore volume. Especially, more and more MSNs based nanodevices have been designed as efficient drug delivery systems (DDSs) or biosensors. In this paper, lipid, protein and poly(NIPAM) coated MSNs are reviewed from the preparation, properties and their potential application. We also introduce the preparative methods including physical adsorption, covalent binding and self-assembly on the MSNs' surfaces. Furthermore, the interaction between the aimed cells and these molecular modified MSNs is discussed. We also demonstrate their typical applications, such as photodynamic therapy, bioimaging, controlled release and selective recognition in biomedical field.
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122
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Abstract
This article reports the effects of gamma irradiation (dose ranges 0.1–10 kGy from 60Co source) on the characteristics of solid gelatin and the physico-mechanical, microstructural and bioactive properties of the scaffold prepared from irradiated gelatin solution. FTIR, intrinsic viscosity, bloom strength, thermal properties, SEM, tensile properties, water uptake ability and antimicrobial activities of non-irradiated and irradiated solid gelatin and its scaffolds were investigated. The detailed experimental results for the solid gelatin demonstrated that 1 kGy γ-irradiated samples showed higher intrinsic viscosity, enhanced thermal stability and bloom strength than other irradiated samples. Furthermore, the scaffold thus prepared from irradiated and non-irradiated gelatin also revealed that 1 kGy samples showed the highest tensile strength and modulus with good water resistivity than other irradiated and non-irradiated samples. In addition to the physico-mechanical properties, 1 kGy scaffolds have also exhibited the highest resistivity towards microbial growth that can have potentiality as scaffold in biomedical sector. The enhanced functional and bioactive properties at low irradiation doses (1 kGy) may occurred due to an initial breaking of hydrogen bonds of polypeptide chains in gelatin molecules that indicated by the shift of amide A, I and II peaks to higher wave numbers in FTIR. This enhancement resulted probably due to the domination of crosslinking over degradation at 1 kGy. It was also observed that 1 kGy γ-radiation-induced crosslinking has lowered the hydrophilicity by decreasing water uptake and mean pore diameter of the interconnected porous structures of gelatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Minhajul Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Asaduz Zaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mubarak A Khan
- Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology (IRPT), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), P. O. Box No. 3787, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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123
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Torres Y, Lascano S, Bris J, Pavón J, Rodriguez JA. Development of porous titanium for biomedical applications: A comparison between loose sintering and space-holder techniques. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2013; 37:148-55. [PMID: 24582234 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important concerns in long-term prostheses is bone resorption as a result of the stress shielding due to stiffness mismatch between bone and implant. The aim of this study was to obtain porous titanium with stiffness values similar to that exhibited by cortical bone. Porous samples of commercial pure titanium grade-4 were obtained by following both loose-sintering processing and space-holder technique with NaCl between 40 and 70% in volume fraction. Both mechanical properties and porosity morphology were assessed. Young's modulus was measured using uniaxial compression testing, as well as ultrasound methodology. Complete characterization and mechanical testing results allowed us to determine some important findings: (i) optimal parameters for both processing routes; (ii) better mechanical response was obtained by using space-holder technique; (iii) pore geometry of loose sintering samples becomes more regular with increasing sintering temperature; in the case of the space-holder technique that trend was observed for decreasing volume fraction; (iv) most reliable Young's modulus measurements were achieved by ultrasound technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadir Torres
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, E.T.S. de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Sheila Lascano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avda. Vicuña Mackenna N° 3939, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Bris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Km. 5 via Pto. Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Juan Pavón
- Group of Advanced Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Bioengineering Program, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53-108, Medellín, Colombia
| | - José A Rodriguez
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, E.T.S. de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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124
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Dumortier H. When carbon nanotubes encounter the immune system: desirable and undesirable effects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:2120-6. [PMID: 24056183 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of our immune system is to bring efficient protection against invasion by foreign elements, not only pathogens but also any material it may be in contact with. Nanoparticles may enter the body and encounter the immune system either intentionally (e.g. administration for biomedical application) or not (e.g. respiratory occupational exposure). Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to get a thorough knowledge of the way they interact with immune cells and all related consequences. Among nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of special interest because of their tremendous field of applications. Consequently, their increasing production, processing and eventual incorporation into new types of composites and/or into biological systems have raised fundamental issues regarding their potential impact on health. This review aims at giving an overview of the known desirable and undesirable effects of CNTs on the immune system, i.e. beneficial modulation of immune cells by CNTs engineered for biomedical applications versus toxicity, inflammation and unwanted immune reactions triggered by CNTs themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumortier
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France.
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125
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Gnavi S, Barwig C, Freier T, Haastert-Talini K, Grothe C, Geuna S. The use of chitosan-based scaffolds to enhance regeneration in the nervous system. Int Rev Neurobiol 2013; 109:1-62. [PMID: 24093605 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420045-6.00001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Various biomaterials have been proposed to build up scaffolds for promoting neural repair. Among them, chitosan, a derivative of chitin, has been raising more and more interest among basic and clinical scientists. A number of studies with neuronal and glial cell cultures have shown that this biomaterial has biomimetic properties, which make it a good candidate for developing innovative devices for neural repair. Yet, in vivo experimental studies have shown that chitosan can be successfully used to create scaffolds that promote regeneration both in the central and in the peripheral nervous system. In this review, the relevant literature on the use of chitosan in the nervous tissue, either alone or in combination with other components, is overviewed. Altogether, the promising in vitro and in vivo experimental results make it possible to foresee that time for clinical trials with chitosan-based nerve regeneration-promoting devices is approaching quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gnavi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Ospedale San Luigi, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
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