201
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Wen H, Jurkovicova D, Pickel VM, Gioio AE, Kaplan BB. Identification of a novel membrane-associated protein expressed in neurons of the squid and rodent nervous systems. Neuroscience 2003; 114:995-1004. [PMID: 12379254 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In a previous communication, we reported the isolation of a novel cDNA clone (pA6) from a library constructed from squid axonal mRNAs. The partial cDNA clone contained a unique open reading frame that encoded 84 amino acids and was complementary to a moderately abundant mRNA approximately 550-600 nucleotides in length [Chun et al., J. Neurosci. Res. 49 (1997) 144-153]. In this report, we identify the pA6 gene product, and characterize its expression in the squid and rodent brain. Results of immunoblot analyses conducted in squid, using a polyclonal antibody raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of the putative protein, established the presence of two pA6 immunoreactive proteins of approximately 14 kDa and 26 kDa in size. In contrast, mouse brain contained only a single 26-kDa immunoreactive species. In both the squid and mouse brain, the expression of pA6 appears highly selective, being detected in certain neurons but not in non-neuronal cells, as judged by both in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Findings derived from light microscopic, double-label immunohistofluorescence studies indicate that pA6 protein co-localizes with prohibitin, a mitochondrial marker protein. Consistent with these results, electron microscopy localized pA6 immunoreactivity to several membrane compartments to include the outer membrane of mitochondria, as well as to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and tubulovesicles in dendrites, axons, and axon terminals of neurons in the rat brain. Taken together, these findings indicate that pA6 is a novel, membrane-associated protein, which is expressed in the distal structural/functional domains of neurons in both the invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Room 4N222, Bethesda, MD 20892-1381, USA
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202
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Lu Q, Lu F, Yang Z, Wen H, Yan L, Chen S, Liu BA. [Study on regulators of the cell cycle in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2002; 24:438-40. [PMID: 12080677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the relationship between the regulators of cell cycle and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), we used an immunohistochemical staining technique to examine the expression of cyclin D1, p16 and Rb in the paraffin embedded skin cancer tissues of 30 patients with SCC. The positive percentage of cyclin D1, CDK4, p16 and Rb was 66.7%, 53.3%, 33.3%, and 36.7%, respectively. The overexpression of cyclin D1 and CDK4 could be observed frequently in low grade of differentiated cells, especially in marginal cells of the cancer nest. The results indicate that the aberrant expression of positive and negative regulators of the cell cycle may be involved in the carcinogenesis and evolution of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410011
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203
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Yan L, Wen H, Zhong Y, Cao C. [Intermittent-pulse treatment of onychomycosis with orally administered itraconazole]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2002; 24:71-3. [PMID: 11938747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-four patients received an intermittent regimen of itraconazole (26 of them were finger onychomycosis and 28 toe onychomycosis) and were followed-up for nine months. The result showed that the clinical cure rate of fingernails was 88.5% and the mycologic cure rate was 96.4%, while the clinical cure rate of toes was 82.1% and the mycologic cure rate was 96.4%. Few adverse events were observed by 7.4%, just like nausea, gastric discomfort etc. It suggests that the pulse administration system is highly effective and has a few side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410011
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204
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Davis JS, Hassanzadeh S, Winitsky S, Lin H, Satorius C, Vemuri R, Aletras AH, Wen H, Epstein ND. The overall pattern of cardiac contraction depends on a spatial gradient of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation. Cell 2001; 107:631-41. [PMID: 11733062 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of the human heart has incorporated a variety of successful strategies for motion used throughout the animal kingdom. One such strategy is to add the efficiency of torsion to compression so that blood is wrung, as well as pumped, out of the heart. Models of cardiac torsion have assumed uniform contractile properties of muscle fibers throughout the heart. Here, we show how a spatial gradient of myosin light chain phosphorylation across the heart facilitates torsion by inversely altering tension production and the stretch activation response. To demonstrate the importance of cardiac light chain phosphorylation, we cloned a myosin light chain kinase from a human heart and have identified a gain-in-function mutation in two individuals with cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Davis
- Molecular Physiology Section, Cardiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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205
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Abstract
This article presents a two-dimensional velocity-selective spin excitation (2D-VSP) method that enables quantitative imaging of motion in two directions in a single scan, without the need for image subtraction or combination. It is based on the idea of mapping a 2D velocity vector directly onto the transverse magnetization vector, such that the signal intensity reflects the speed of motion, while the signal phase represents the direction of motion. Experimental demonstration is presented in conjunction with an analysis of the accuracy of this method. VSP methods are often limited by inconsistent static signal suppression under variable shim and RF conditions. By using adiabatic RF pulses in a 2D-VSP composite that possesses time-reversal symmetry, consistent background suppression of 30-fold or higher was demonstrated over experimental conditions of +/-200 Hz off-resonance and 30% RF field variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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206
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Chi Y, Li W, Wen H, Cui X, Cai H, Bi X. [Studies on separation, purification and chemical structure of polysaccharide from Atractylodes macrocephala]. Zhong Yao Cai 2001; 24:647-8. [PMID: 11799775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Separation and purification were done by column chromatographic fractionation; HPLC and 13C-NMR were used to determine the chemical structure of polysaccharide from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz;, The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was estimated to be 1.36 x 10(5) (PSAM-1) and 1.04 x 10(5) (PSAM-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chi
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029
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207
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Aletras AH, Wen H. Mixed echo train acquisition displacement encoding with stimulated echoes: an optimized DENSE method for in vivo functional imaging of the human heart. Magn Reson Med 2001; 46:523-34. [PMID: 11550245 PMCID: PMC2890279 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mixed echo train acquisition displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (meta-DENSE) is a phase-based displacement mapping technique suitable for imaging myocardial function. This method has been optimized for use with patients who have a history of myocardial infarction. The total scan time is 12-14 heartbeats for an in-plane resolution of 2.8 x 2.8 mm2. Myocardial strain is mapped at this resolution with an accuracy of 2% strain in vivo. Compared to standard stimulated echo (STE) methods, both data acquisition speed and resolution are improved with inversion-recovery FID suppression and the meta-DENSE readout scheme. Data processing requires minimal user intervention and provides a rapid quantitative feedback on the MRI scanner for evaluating cardiac function. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Aletras
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1061, USA.
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208
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Wang Y, Dong J, Wang Y, Wang S, Bie P, Liu J, Niu R, He N, Liu G, Li J, Wen H, Luo B. [Treatment of severe hepatitis with artificial liver support system and liver transplantation]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2001; 9:212-3. [PMID: 11602050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe and investigate the efficacy of the hybrid artificial liver support system plus liver transplantation in the treatments of patients with severe viral hepatitis. METHODS Eight severe viral hepatitis patients with metaphase and advanced stage liver failure received the artificial liver support using a self-command extracorporeal hybrid artificial liver support system and orthotopic liver transplantation after the artificial support for 3-14 days. RESULTS The liver failure of the 8 patients was controlled by the hybrid artificial liver support effectively. All patients were successfully bridged to orthotopic liver transplantation. Four out of the eight patients survived after transplantation. Four patients died of pulmonary infection or hepatorenal syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Artificial liver support system combined with liver transplantation can be regarded as an efficient measure for the treatment of metaphase and advanced stage patients of severe viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Congqing 400038, China
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209
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Wen H, Yin Z, Wang Y, Zhu M. [Inhibition of cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cell by tissue-type plasminogen activator]. Yan Ke Xue Bao 2001; 17:122-5. [PMID: 12567767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the inhibition effects of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells by tissue-type plasminogen activator(tPA). METHODS The effects of tPA on human RPE cells proliferation were studied by viable cell counting and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis was used to examine RPE cell cycles. RESULTS The proliferation of human RPE cells could be inhibited by 0.1-3 micrograms/ml tPA (P < 0.05). The effects of inhibition were depended on the drug density and the action time directly (P < 0.01). 5 micrograms/ml tPA was deadly-toxic to human RPE cells. FCM revealed that the cells in S phase increased 9.8% (P < 0.05) and cells in G2M phase decreased 6.6% (P < 0.05), compared to controls. CONCLUSION tPA at a certain dose range and period could inhibit human RPE cells proliferation without deadly-toxicity. The human RPE cells growth could be interfered in S phase by tPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinan Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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210
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Jiang L, Wen H, Ito A. Immunodiagnostic differentiation of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis using ELISA test with 18-kDa antigen extracted from Echinococcus protoscoleces. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001; 95:285-8. [PMID: 11490998 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoblotting analysis was carried out using crude extracts of Echinococccus multilocularis and E. granulosus. A total of 214 serum samples were examined for the detection of antibody responses against 18-kDa polypeptides (Eg18 and Em18). Of 44 sera from patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) 91% were positive against both Eg18 and Em18, compared with 10% and 13%, respectively, of 70 cystic echinococcosis (CE) samples and 13% and 17% of 29 cysticercosis samples. A relatively purified 18-kDa antigen was extracted from E. granulosus protoscoleces and an 18-kDa-ELISA test which is simple, fast and highly sensitive and specific has been established. A comparative ELISA analysis, using the purified 18-kDa antigen and pooled AE and CE serum, indicated that there are significant differences in antibody levels between AE and CE sera. The maximum ratio for the evaluation of AE to CE was 2.26. The 18-kDa-ELISA was positive for 91% (40/44) and 11% (8/70) of AE and CE sera, respectively, and there was no cross-reactivity with cysticercosis sera or healthy controls. The overall diagnostic values of 18-kDa-ELISA for AE sera were sensitivity 91%, specificity 94%, positive predictive value 83% and negative predictive value 97%. We conclude that (i) the 18-kDa antigenic component may not be species specific but (ii) levels of antibody to the 18-kDa antigen are significantly different between AE and CE sera. Therefore, the 18-kDa antigen can be a reliable serological marker for differentiation of AE from CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jiang
- National Hydatid Disease Centre of China, Xinjiang Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Research, 141 Jianquan Road, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China.
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211
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Tian L, Duncan RR, Hammond MS, Coghill LS, Wen H, Rusinova R, Clark AG, Levitan IB, Shipston MJ. Alternative splicing switches potassium channel sensitivity to protein phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:7717-20. [PMID: 11244090 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c000741200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative exon splicing and reversible protein phosphorylation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels represent fundamental control mechanisms for the regulation of cellular excitability. BK channels are encoded by a single gene that undergoes extensive, hormonally regulated exon splicing. In native tissues BK channels display considerable diversity and plasticity in their regulation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Differential regulation of alternatively spliced BK channels by PKA may provide a molecular basis for the diversity and plasticity of BK channel sensitivities to PKA. Here we demonstrate that PKA activates BK channels lacking splice inserts (ZERO) but inhibits channels expressing a 59-amino acid exon at splice site 2 (STREX-1). Channel activation is dependent upon a conserved C-terminal PKA consensus motif (S869), whereas inhibition is mediated via a STREX-1 exon-specific PKA consensus site. Thus, alternative splicing acts as a molecular switch to determine the sensitivity of potassium channels to protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tian
- Membrane Biology Group & Medical Research Council Membrane and Adapter Protein Co-operative Group, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom
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212
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Li G, Su Y, Wen H. [Determination of the cyclic nucleotide in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of the patients with vitiligo]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2001; 23:409-10. [PMID: 11189411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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213
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Wang YH, Rogan MT, Vuitton DA, Wen H, Bartholomot B, Macpherson CN, Zou PF, Ding ZX, Zhou HX, Zhang XF, Luo J, Xiong HB, Fu Y, McVie A, Giraudoux P, Yang WG, Craig PS. Cystic echinococcosis in semi-nomadic pastoral communities in north-west China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001; 95:153-8. [PMID: 11355546 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in semi-nomadic traditional pastoralist groups in north-west China, 2 large community studies were undertaken in Altai and Tacheng Prefectures in 1990/91 and 1995/96, respectively. The Kekergash community (Altai) comprised mainly ethnic Kazakhs, whereas the Narenhebuke community (Tacheng) comprised mainly Mongolians. Populations were screened for CE by abdominal ultrasound scan (US) and serological tests. The total prevalence of confirmed human CE was higher in Narenhebuke (2.7%, 49/1844) than in Kekergash (0.9%, 17/1861; P < 0.01). Within each community there was no significant difference of CE prevalence between the Kazakh and Mongolian groups, although Han Chinese exhibited twice the rate of CE (4.9%) in Narenhebuke compared to the dominant Mongolian population. For each community, human CE prevalence increased with age and there was a greater risk associated with the practice of home slaughter of livestock. Dogs were screened for Echinococcus granulosus infection and re-infection levels using a highly specific coproantigen test. The proportion of dogs with positive coproantigen tests was significantly higher in Narenhebuke (36.0%, 50/139) compared to Kekergash (17.8%, 16/90). In Narenhebuke the re-infection levels of dogs, as determined by coproantigen positivity, were higher in the winter quarters (49.4%, 39/79) compared to the summer quarters (18.3%, 11/60; P < 0.01). Furthermore, coproantigen re-test positivity was 25% at 3 months and 29.2% at 7 months. Highest dog coproantigen positivity was obtained over the winter period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Teaching Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, P. R. China
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214
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Cai H, Wang Y, McCarthy D, Wen H, Borchelt DR, Price DL, Wong PC. BACE1 is the major beta-secretase for generation of Abeta peptides by neurons. Nat Neurosci 2001; 4:233-4. [PMID: 11224536 DOI: 10.1038/85064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 818] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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215
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Wen H. [Expression of estrogen receptor beta mRNA in endometrial carcinoma and its significance]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2001; 36:108-10. [PMID: 11783346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) mRNA and its significance in endometrial carcinoma. METHODS Thirty-six normal and 45 cancer tissue samples of endometrium were obtained, and the RNA was isolated from the tissues by the acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction method. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the ER beta exon 5 wild type mRNA (ER beta WT) and splicing variant mRNA (ER beta E5SV). Electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction product was performed and the ratio of ER beta E5SV/ER beta WT was calculated. The sequencing of ER beta E5SV and ER beta WT was carried out by express DNA sequencer. RESULTS ER beta E5SV and ER beta WT were both expressed in normal endometrium and endometrial cancer tissues. A region of 139 bp from base pair 812 to 950 (the hormone-binding domain) was found to be deleted in ER beta E5SV sequence as compared to ER beta WT. The quantity of ER beta E5SV was more than that of ER beta WT in every normal endometrium, and was less in every endometrial cancer, the ratio of ER beta E5SV/ER beta WT was 2.47 +/- 0.99 in normal endometrium, and 0.55 +/- 0.12 in endometrial cancer (P < 0.0001). The ratio of ER beta E5SV/ER beta WT decreased with the grade from 1 to 3 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Overexpression of ER beta WT relative to ER beta E5SV may correlate with the genesis of endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
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216
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Wen H, Lin H. [Effect of environmental factors on gonadal maturation as well as its ovulation and spawning in teleosts]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2001; 12:151-5. [PMID: 11813422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviewed the environmental factors affecting gonadal maturation as well as its ovulation and spawning in teleosts which include water temperature, sun-light, rainfall, current, chemical composition of waters, aquatic organisms, water pollution and so on. The impact of environmental pollution on the reproduction of teleosts was emphasized, aimed to approach strategies protecting fish germplasm resource from the standpoint of ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- School of Life Science, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275.
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217
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Abstract
The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) functions as a critical master regulator in cell cycle regulation, which is an important cell-regulatory process, through its interaction with various cellular proteins. Using the C-terminus of human pRb and the yeast two-hybrid system, a novel protein named RBP21 that contains 187 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 21 kDa was identified as a pRb-binding protein. Sequence analysis indicates that RBP21 shares homology with other retinoblastoma-binding proteins in the pRb-binding motif LxCxE at the C-terminal region. In vitro specific interaction between pRb and RBP21 was confirmed using in vitro translation products. When overexpressed in COS-7 cells, RBP21 could co-immunoprecipitate with pRb. This interaction requires the LxCxE motif of RBP21 and the entire pocket region of pRb. Each point mutation of the conserved amino acid residues in pRb-binding motif of RBP21 abolished its specific interaction with pRb. RH mapping result showed that this novel gene was mapped to chromosome region 15q21.1-21.3. Northern blot analysis suggested that RBP21 was widely expressed in various human tissues and cancer cell lines. When expressed in HeLa cells as a green fluorescent protein fusion, RBP21 was distributed throughout the cell.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus E1A Proteins
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Blotting, Northern
- COS Cells
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Green Fluorescent Proteins
- HL-60 Cells
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Luminescent Proteins/genetics
- Luminescent Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Weight
- Nuclear Proteins
- Protein Binding
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins
- Retinoblastoma Protein/chemistry
- Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Tissue Distribution
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
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218
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Zhou HX, Chai SX, Craig PS, Delattre P, Quéré JP, Raoul F, Vuitton DA, Wen H, Giraudoux P. Epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, China: a preliminary analysis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2000; 94:715-29. [PMID: 11144813 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.2000.11813595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region (XUAR) in north-western China is known to be endemic for Echinococcosis multilocularis, the causative agent of human alveolar echinococcosis (HAE). Despite regular reports of HAE cases in their region, very little is known about the local epidemiology of the disease or the transmission of E. multilocularis. The epidemiology of HAE in Xinjiang has now been investigated by the analysis of data collected from the medical records of 157 clinical cases who had attended the four main hospitals in the region. These data indicate that the disease is relatively common in the Altai, western Junggar, and Tianshan mountain ranges, whereas the Tarim and Junggar basins are likely to be of low endemicity. The prevalence of the disease in the Kunlun mountains is not clear. Semi-nomadic groups, especially those of Kazakh or Mongol origin, have a higher risk of infection than other ethnic groups. Prevalence of the disease in humans appears to be correlated with aspects of the local climate, such as annual precipitation and temperature. Red foxes, Microtinae, Ochotona spp. and Marmota spp. may be important hosts of E. multilocularis in the XUAR, sustaining the transmission cycles of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Zhou
- Xinjiang Clinical Hydatid Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, 8 Xinyi Road, 830000, Urumqi, China
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219
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Chen K, Jiang Y, Wen H. [Clinical study on treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by radio- and chemotherapy with supplementary moxibustion on Shenque point]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000; 20:733-5. [PMID: 11938806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of supplementary moxibustion in treating III, IV a stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with radio- and chemotherapy. METHODS Fifty-six cases of NPC were randomly divided into two groups, 28 in each group. They were treated with radiotherapy in routine or chemotherapy adopting AD protocol. Salt-separated moxibustion on Shenque (Ren 8) point was given to the treated group from beginning of radio- and chemotherapy for 30 times as one therapeutic course. RESULTS The remission rate in the two groups after radio- and chemotherapy was not different significantly. The toxic and side-effect occurrence was less in the treated group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The 5-year local control rates of NPC and cervical lymphnode were 85.7% and 85.0% in the treated group, which were higher than those in the control group (78.6% and 78.9%). The 5-year survival rate in the two groups were 50.0% and 35.7% respectively. After radio- and chemotherapy, the blood content of malonyldialdehyde (MDA), middle molecular substance and sulfhydryl reduced the SOD activity ascended in the treated group, the difference was significant as compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The supplementary moxibustion on Shenque point could obviously reduce the toxic side-effect of advanced NPC patients treated with radio- and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chen
- 157 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou 510510
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220
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Abstract
Among angiogenic factors, VEGF secreted from activated macrophages under the influence of ovarian steroids, IL-8 expressed in endometrial stromal cells, and basic FGF expressed in endometriotic tissue and PD-ECGF expressed in lining epithelial cells independently of the sex steroidal milieu might contribute to the characteristic advancement of angiogenic lesions in endometriosis in individual manners. Copyrightz1999S.KargerAG,Basel
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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221
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Abstract
We recently identified a novel cDNA encoding a retinoblastoma protein (pRb)-associated protein. It was named RBP95, which was composed of 838 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular size of 94,789 Da. Northern blot analysis showed a single mRNA of about 4. 5 kb ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. RH mapping results showed that RBP95 is mapped to chromosome region 16p11.2-11.1. Sequence analysis indicated that RBP95 contains a conserved pRb-binding motif LXCXE. Interaction between pRb and RBP95 was confirmed in vivo and in vitro. This interaction requires the LXCXE motif of RBP95 and the entire pocket region of pRb. Each point-mutant of the conserved amino acid residues in pRb-binding motif of RBP95 would destroy its interaction with pRb. RBP95 also contains a basic region leucine zipper and could homodimerize through its leucine zipper region. RBP95 was located in the nucleus with a special pattern when expressed as a GFP fusion in HeLa cells. All these findings suggested that RBP95, a new member of pRb-associated protein, may function as a regulation factor in the process of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and/or transcriptional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
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222
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Abstract
Hall effect imaging is a new technique for mapping the electrical properties of a sample. Its principle has been demonstrated in two- and three-dimensional phantom images. Based on the experimental data and theoretical understanding of this technique developed over the past few years, this paper addresses the most relevant question for biomedical applications: whether Hall effect imaging is ultimately applicable to complex biological systems such as the human body. The arguments are given at the basic physics level, so that the conclusion is independent of current technology status. These arguments are corroborated with imaging data of an aorta sample. The conclusion is that Hall effect imaging is not suited for quantifying the electrical constants in complex biological samples. This technique is able to produce high-resolution volume images of samples in vitro that reflect their electrical heterogeneity. However, quantitative measurements of electrical constants are not practical for complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA.
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223
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Yao Z, Liao W, Wen H. Antifungal therapy for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2000; 113:178-80. [PMID: 11775548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the curative effects of three different antifungal regimens in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. METHODS Twenty-two patients were divided into 3 groups: Group I was given intravenous amphotericin B alone or combination with flucytosine therapy. Group II received intravenous fluconazole alone or combination with flucytosine. The treatment of Group III was divided into two steps, where the patients received intrathecal amphotericin B plus intravenous amphotericin B with or without intravenous fluconazole until the mycological culture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) turned negative, followed by oral fluconazole or itraconazole as maintenance therapy until direct microscopic examination of CSF showed negative once a week for three consecutive weeks. RESULTS Of the twenty-two patients, 17 (77.3%) were cured, 2 (9.1%) improved, 3 (13.6%) died, and one (4.5%) relapsed. Of the 8 patients in Group I, 5 were cured, 2 improved, one died and one relapsed; Of the 4 patients in Group II, 2 were cured, and 2 died; All the 10 patients in Group III were cured without any recurrence. CONCLUSION The two-step therapeutic regimen may be suited to the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yao
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
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224
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Abstract
The irregular response to progestins directly in tumor growth might be caused by dominant negative progesterone receptor (PR) mutants and the damage to PR-A expression. Progestin treatment as an anti-angiogenic therapy would be less effective in the PR-mutated tumors. Therefore, various anti-angiogenic inhibitors must be used in progestin-refractory and progestin-dependent tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Endothelial Growth Factors/metabolism
- Female
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/blood supply
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/genetics
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphokines/metabolism
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/genetics
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Progestins/genetics
- Progestins/metabolism
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Thymidine Phosphorylase/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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225
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Abstract
Single breath-hold displacement data from the human heart were acquired with fast-DENSE (fast displacement encoding with stimulated echoes) during systolic contraction at 2.5 x 2.5 mm in-plane resolution. Encoding strengths of 0.86-1.60 mm/pi were utilized in order to extend the dynamic range of the phase measurements and minimize effects of physiologic and instrument noise. The noise level in strain measurements for both contraction and dilation corresponded to a strain value of 2.8%. In the human heart, strain analysis has sufficient resolution to reveal transmural variation across the left ventricular wall. Data processing required minimal user intervention and provided a rapid quantitative feedback. The intrinsic temporal integration of fast-DENSE achieves high accuracy at the expense of temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Aletras
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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226
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Abstract
An improved homogeneity-spoiling local gradient insert has been constructed and built into the patient bed to reduce its impact on bore size and setup time. It allows the field of view to be reduced without introducing aliasing artifacts. Image quality and artifacts were evaluated for pulse sequences relevant to cardiac imaging. The utility of the insert is demonstrated by a contrast-enhanced perfusion study, in which the reduced field of view allowed a 25% increase in resolution and one more slice to be imaged per heartbeat. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:209-215.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Wiesler
- The Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1061, USA
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227
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Abstract
p53 exerts important physiological functions in cell-cycle control, gene regulation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and tumor suppression by interacting with many cellular proteins. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we screened a HeLa cDNA library and identified a novel gene encoding a p53-binding protein (p53BP3). The full-length cDNA of p53BP3 was isolated from a HeLalambdagt10 cDNA library. This predicted protein was composed of 815 amino acids. Sequence analysis indicated that p53BP3 contained two bipartite nuclear localization signals and was confirmed to be a nuclear protein. FISH mapping results showed that this novel gene was located at human chromosome 12, region p11.2-p12.1. Northern blot analysis suggested that p53BP3 was broadly expressed in human tissues. A further study showed that p53BP3 had a homologue in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
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228
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Fujimoto J, Sakaguchi H, Hirose R, Wen H, Tamaya T. Clinical implication of expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) in metastatic lesions of uterine cervical cancers. Cancer Res 1999; 59:3041-4. [PMID: 10397240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) level was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in 8 of 40 metastatic lymph node lesions of uterine cervical cancers. The prognosis of the eight patients with high PD-ECGF (>10,000 pg/mg protein) in metastatic lymph node lesions was extremely poor. On the other hand, the 24-month survival rate of the 32 patients with low PD-ECGF (<10,000 pg/mg protein) in metastatic lymph node lesions was 75%. This indicates that PD-ECGF may contribute to the advancement of metastatic lesions, and that the PD-ECGF level in metastatic lesions may be a prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan
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229
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Abstract
Hall effect imaging is an ultrasound-based method of mapping spatial variations in the dielectric constants of an acoustically-uniform sample. This paper presents three-dimensional Hall effect images of phantoms obtained by scanning a single transducer across a two-dimensional grid, effectively simulating two-dimensional phased-array signal reception. The experiments demonstrate the feasibility of volumetric Hall effect tomography and show the advantage of volumetric scans over planar scans. The images reflect several limitations of the current scanning method and point to directions for further hardware development. The inherent limitations of Hall effect imaging are also discussed in light of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA.
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230
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Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that aquaporin-2 (AQP2), the vasopressin-regulated water channel, is excreted in the urine, and that the excretion increases in response to vasopressin. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in AQP2 excretion are unknown, and it is unknown whether the excretion correlates with AQP2 levels in kidney or levels in the apical plasma membrane. The present study was undertaken to clarify these issues. Immunoblotting of rat urine samples revealed significant excretion of AQP2, whereas AQP3, being a basolateral aquaporin in the same cells, was undetectable. Thus, there was a nonproportional excretion of AQP2 and AQP3 (compared with kidney levels), indicating that AQP2 is excreted predominantly via a selective apical pathway and not by whole cell shedding. Urinary AQP2 was associated with small vesicles, membrane fragments, and multivesicular bodies as determined by immunoelectron microscopy and negative staining techniques. In rats with normal water supply, daily urinary excretion of AQP2 was 3.9+/-0.9% (n = 6) of total kidney expression. Treatment with desmopressin acetate subcutaneously caused a fourfold increase in urinary excretion of AQP2 during 8 h. Forty-eight hours of thirsting, known to increase endogenous vasopressin secretion, resulted in a three-fold increase in kidney AQP2 levels but urinary excretion increased ninefold to 15+/-3% (n = 6) of AQP2 in kidney of thirsted rats. Moreover, rats that were thirsted for 48 h and subsequently allowed free access to water for 24 h produced a decrease in urinary AQP2 excretion to 38+/-15% (n = 6) of that during thirsting. In Brattleboro rats or lithium-treated normal rats completely lacking vasopressin action, and hence having extremely low levels of AQP2 in the apical plasma membrane, AQP2 was undetectable in urine. Thus, conditions with known altered vasopressin levels and altered levels of AQP2 in the apical plasma membrane were associated with corresponding major changes in AQP2 urine excretion. In contrast, in such conditions, kidney AQP2 levels and urinary AQP2 excretion did not show a proportional relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, Denmark
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231
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Wen H, Levitan IB. Simultaneous binding of two protein kinases to a calcium-dependent potassium channel. J Neurosci 1999; 19:RC4. [PMID: 10234050 PMCID: PMC6782707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-conductance calcium-dependent potassium channels are subject to modulation by protein kinases, phosphatases, and other signaling proteins, and it has been inferred from electrophysiological experiments that signaling proteins sometimes can be intimately associated with these channels in a regulatory complex. We show here that endogenous protein kinase activity coimmunoprecipitates with both native and recombinant Drosophila Slowpoke (dSlo) calcium-dependent potassium channels. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments using antibodies against several protein kinases demonstrate that dSlo can bind simultaneously to the Src tyrosine kinase and to the catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKAc). Both kinases can phosphorylate the channel in Drosophila heads and in heterologous host cells. The PKAc binds directly to a 172-amino acid region in the C-terminal domain of dSlo, without the intervention of regulatory subunits or anchoring proteins, and channel phosphorylation by PKAc is not required for this binding interaction. In contrast, several phosphorylatable tyrosine residues in dSlo are important for Src binding. The results are consistent with the idea that an ion channel can act as a scaffold for its own specific set of modulatory enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
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232
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Abstract
In order to investigate the merit of high field strength for BOLD-contrast-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, multishot gradient-echo fMRI experiments during motor cortex activation were performed on 1.5- and 4.0-T scanners with equivalent hardware, on the same volunteers. In these studies, artifactual vascular enhancement related to inflow effects was minimized, and large brain areas were covered by using a 3D scan technique. Temporal signal stability was optimized by using spiral readout gradients. The sensitivity for detection of activated regions was assessed by measuring the number of "activated voxels" and their average t score in predefined regions of interest. When comparing fMRI experiments with the same total scan time, performed on six subjects, and with acquisition parameters optimized for each field strength separately, the 4.0-T scanner proved to give superior results, with a 70% greater number of activated voxels and a 20% higher average t score for the activated voxels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, OIR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
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233
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of different dosage regimens in the management of onychomycosis with itraconazole and to determine the results of a further 1-week intermittent pulse treatment in non-cured patients. In this study, 153 patients were randomly allocated to four groups. Patients in group A were treated with daily doses of 100 mg for 3 months in the case of fingernail onychomycosis and for 4 months in the case of toenail onychomycosis. Patients in the other groups received a intermittent pulse therapy, in which the drug was taken for 1 week, then discontinued for 3 weeks, three cycles for fingernail and four cycles for toenail infection. The daily doses were 400 mg (group B), 300 mg (group C) and 200 mg (group D). After therapy, non-cured patients were treated further with one cycle in which the daily dose was 400 mg. Patients were subsequently observed for 9 months and efficacy was assessed by mycological examination and the growth of unaffected nails. At the end of the therapy, the cure rates in the four groups were 19.1% (A), 15.2% (B), 18.9% (C) and 17.9% (D), and no significant differences were found between each of B, C, D and A. At the end of the study, the cure rates were 76.2%, 91.3%, 78.4%, 28.6% respectively. The group that received further treatment had a cure rate of 55.6% at the end of the first month and of 83.3% in the second month. Drug tolerability was equally good in the four groups. Intermittent pulse therapy with a daily dose of 400 mg had the highest cure rate. Treatment of improved but non-cured patients with a dose of 400 mg intermittent pulse therapy markedly increased the cure rate. All treatment regimens were well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military University, Shanghai, PR China
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234
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Yan L, Wen H, Wei X. [Granulomatous trichophytosis rubrum. Report of 2 cases]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1999; 22:556, inside back cover. [PMID: 10073010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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235
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Wen H, Nagelhus EA, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Agre P, Ottersen OP, Nielsen S. Ontogeny of water transport in rat brain: postnatal expression of the aquaporin-4 water channel. Eur J Neurosci 1999; 11:935-45. [PMID: 10103087 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Brain water transport is poorly understood at the molecular level, and marked changes occur during brain development. As the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel protein is abundant in brain, the expression levels and subcellular distribution of this protein were examined during postnatal development. This study focused on the cerebellum, which showed the same pattern of AQP4 development as the rest of the brain. Semiquantitative immunoblotting revealed very low levels of AQP4 in the first postnatal week. A pronounced increase was noted in the second week, from 2% of adult level at postnatal day 7 (PN7) to 25% at PN14. At PN1 and PN3 immunofluorescence microscopy revealed weak labelling, mainly in radial processes (Bergmann fibres) and at the pial surface. Between PN7 and PN14 the labelling underneath the pia showed a strong increase, and immunoreactivity also appeared around blood vessels throughout the cerebellum. High-resolution immunogold electron microscopy revealed that the subpial and perivascular labelling was restricted to glial end feet, notably to those plasma membrane domains that were apposed to the basal laminae. At no stage was there any evidence of neuronal AQP4 labelling, and AQP1, -2, -3 and -5 proteins were not detected in the neuropil. Riboprobes to AQP4 mRNA produced a particularly strong in situ hybridization signal in glial cells between PN7 and PN14, corresponding to the stage of the most rapid increase of AQP4 protein. The time course and pattern of AQP4 expression suggests that this aquaporin plays an important role in brain water and K+ homeostasis from the second week of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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236
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Abstract
Displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) was developed for high-resolution myocardial displacement mapping. Pixel phase is modulated by myocardial displacement and data spatial resolution is limited only by pixel size. 2D displacement vector maps were generated for the systolic action in canines with 0.94 x 1.9 mm nominal in-plane resolution and 2.3 mm/pi displacement encoding. A radial strain of 0.208 was measured across the free left ventricular wall over 105 ms during systole. DENSE displacement maps require small first-order gradient moments for encoding. DENSE magnitude images exhibit black-blood contrast which allows for better myocardial definition and reduced motion-related artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Aletras
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-1061, USA
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237
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Wen H, Lin S. [Renal protective effect of valsartan in diabetic rats]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1999; 38:157-60. [PMID: 11798641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of valsartan in protecting the renal lesion of diabetic rats. METHODS The following groups of rats were studied: normal control rats, streptozotocin diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with valsartan (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Mean arterial pressure, plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum creatinine, urinary albumin, ACE activity and Ang II concentration of kidney as well as profile of kidney hypertrophy were observed after 2, 4, 8 weeks of treatment, while TGF beta(1) mRNA expression of kidney cortex was assessed by Northern blot analysis, TGF beta(1), fibronectin and collagen IV expression were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Serum creatinine level (P < 0.05), urinary albumin excretion and kidney hypertrophy index (P < 0.01) of valsartan treated group were significantly lower than those of diabetic untreated group. There was a significant increase in mRNA expression of TGF beta(1) and protein expression of of TGF beta(1) fibronectin and collagen IV in diabetic rats (P < 0.01). The expression of TGF beta(1) mRNA and protein (P < 0.01) as well as the protein expression of fibronectin and collagen IV (P < 0.05) in the valsartan group were much lower than that in the diabetic group. CONCLUSION The results suggested that valsartan has some renal protective effect on diabetes in rats, partly through down-regulating TGF beta(1) expression and reducing deposition of glomerular ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200040
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238
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Wen H, Li W, Peng G, Chi Y. [Content variety of alisol B 23-acetate in Rhiozma Alismatis reaped at different time]. Zhong Yao Cai 1998; 21:595-6. [PMID: 12569673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Alisol B 23-acetate in Rhizoma Alismatis reaped at different time was determinated by RP-HPLC. The result indicated that the content of those reaped in April is obviously higher than those reaped from Jan. to March.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029
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239
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Wu H, Wen H, Guo R, Ye D. [Effect of ginger-processing on the contents of guanosine in Pinelliae rhizoma (banxia)]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1998; 23:661-3, 702-3. [PMID: 11599344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the guanosine contents in various products of Pinellia Rhizoma processed by different amounts of ginger and alum. METHOD Using the technology of HPLC. RESULT The guanosine contents in the two products of Pinellia Rhizoma processed in line with the pharmacopoeial method and orthogonal method respectively are very close to each other and change every little as compared with raw Pinellia Rhizoma. But the contents in the products of Pinelliae Rhizoma processed in other ways (digged in alum solution or in ginger Juice decocted with ginger juice, etc.) are much less than those of raw Pinellia Rhizoma. CONCLUSION There are no obvious differences in guanosine contents between Pinellia Rhizoma processed by orthogonal technology and Pinellia Rhizoma processed by pharmacopoeial method. Processing technology has considerable influence on the water soluble components of Pinellia Phizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wu
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029
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240
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Cohen H, Paolillo E, Bonifacino R, Botta B, Parada L, Cabrera P, Snowden K, Gasser R, Tessier R, Dibarboure L, Wen H, Allan JC, Soto de Alfaro H, Rogan MT, Craig PS. Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59:620-7. [PMID: 9790441 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A prevalence and transmission study of human cystic echinococcosis (CE), due to infection with the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, was undertaken in the village of La Paloma in central Uruguay. The human population was registered and screened for CE by abdominal ultrasound scan as well as a number of serologic tests. Dogs were screened for E. granulosus infection by arecoline purgation as well as specific coproantigen testing. The total prevalence of human CE (new cases and those with a previous history) was 5.6% (64 of 1,149); 3.6% (40) of the cases were new ultrasound detected asymptomatic cases (mean age = 45 years). Age prevalence increased from 1.1% in the 4-6-year-old group to > 11% in the > 60-year-old group; the 20-29-year-old group had a significantly higher CE rate of 7.4%, compared with younger and older age groups, and there was no difference between sexes. A CE rate of 3.9% (20 of 514) was also recorded by ultrasound for new cases in the population residing outside the village. Most of the hydatid cysts were located in the liver presenting as either univesicular cysts or a solid mass, and of those 71% and 63%, respectively, with such cyst presentations were seropositive against E. granulosus cyst fluid antigens. Two of eight individuals who were filter paper blood spot seropositive, but ultrasound scan negative, were subsequently diagnosed respectively with pulmonary hydatidosis after radiography, and hepatic hydatidosis after computed tomography scan. Of 36 households with a CE patient, 32 were single cases while four households each harbored two CE cases. This did not represent a clustered distribution within families (23 of 117). Almost 20% of the dogs from La Paloma were found infected with E. granulosus after purge examination, with a mean worm number of 67 (range = 1-1,020). An additional eight dogs that were purge negative were Echinococcus coproantigen positive. The study showed that human CE is highly endemic in Uruguay, with one of the highest local prevalence rates in the world. Transmission appears to occur readily within well-developed towns, as well as on rural sheep ranches. Mass screening by ultrasound scanning with confirmatory serologic testing is an effective approach to case detection at the community level.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cohen
- Fundación San Antonio de Padua, Sarandi del Yi, Durazno, Uruguay
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241
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Wen H, Balaban R. Authors' Reply. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1998. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.1998.720208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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242
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Abstract
The electroacoustic effect occurs in electrolytes and colloidal suspensions. It describes the phenomenon in which a voltage applied to the sample produces an acoustic signal or vice versa. The basic mechanism is that charged particles in the sample have various mobilities due to different masses and viscosities. Under an external voltage they respond differently to the electrical force. This results in an overall acoustic vibration. The electroacoustic effect has been the basis for many measurement tools of solutions and other materials. In this note a method to image macromolecular gel samples using the electroacoustic effect at ultrasound frequencies is presented. Radiofrequency electrical excitation produces ultrasonic signal due to spatial changes in the electroacoustic some amplitude of the sample, which is used to construct an image similar to ultrasonography. This method is demonstrated in agar gel and egg-white protein phantoms. The image contrast mechanism is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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243
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Abstract
Hall effect imaging is a noninvasive imaging method that combines ultrasound with a strong magnetic field to investigate the electrical properties of tissue. Although technical development is at an early stage, its value for detecting or characterizing pathologies in the breast and other organs is promising. In vitro studies in the past showed that tissue electrical properties are closely related to its physiology and morphology. Hall effect imaging may become a new tool to study these electrical properties in the body and potentially provide unique diagnostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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244
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Abstract
Herein is presented a method for suppressing the magnetic resonance signal to a controlled depth by applying a spatially heterogeneous spoiler field between the slice-select and readout pulses. Eliminating the signal from near-surface regions allows one to shrink the field of view without introducing aliasing artifacts, thereby decreasing imaging time over a smaller defined volume. A unique planar magnetic gradient coil was constructed to generate the spoiler field. Phantom and human subject studies showed that the signal can be suppressed to controlled distances of up to 90 mm from the coil, with modest requirements on power supplies, pulse sequences, and materials, and with no increase in imaging time.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Wiesler
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA.
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245
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Abstract
This paper presents several designs of high-sensitivity, compact fiber-optic ultrasound sensors that may be used for medical imaging applications. These sensors translate ultrasonic pulses into strains in single-mode optical fibers, which are measured with fiber-based laser interferometers at high precision. The sensors are simpler and less expensive to make than piezoelectric sensors, and are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. It is possible to make focal sensors with these designs, and several schemes are discussed. Because of the minimum blending radius of optical fibers, the designs are suitable for single element sensors rather than for arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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246
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Zhou HX, Wen H, Wang YH, Delattre P, Quere JP, Vuitton DA, Craig PS, Giraudoux P. Experimental susceptibility of Spermophilus erythrogenys to Echinococcus multilocularis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998; 92:335-7. [PMID: 9713550 DOI: 10.1080/00034989859915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H X Zhou
- Xinjiang Medical College, Urumqi, China
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247
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Abstract
This paper presents a new imaging method based on the classical Hall effect (HE), which describes the origin of a detectable voltage from a conductive object moving in a magnetic field. HE images are formed using ultrasound imaging techniques in a magnetic field. These images reflect the electrical properties of the sample. To demonstrate the feasibility of this method, images of plastic and biological samples are collected. The contrast mechanism and signal-to-noise issues are discussed. Since electrical parameters vary widely among tissue types and pathological states, HE imaging may be a useful tool for biological research and medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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248
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Abstract
The aim was to evaluate efficacy and tolerance of a short-schedule treatment regimen using a small dose of itraconazole in pulse intermittently. The open study evaluated the pulse therapy consisting of monthly 1-week cycles of oral itraconazole 200 mg daily for 2-3 consecutive months in 42 patients with onychomycosis. After active therapy, patients were evaluated for a maximum period of 1 year. Twelve of 42 patients were considered as being clinically cured, 17 were markedly improved, 11 were improved and two were failures. A mycological examination at the final visit was performed on all patients. Thirty-five were negative and seven were positive. This short treatment was well tolerated, with no adverse reactions, and may offer a new option for treatment of onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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249
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Jaffer FA, Wen H, Jezzard P, Balaban RS, Wolff SD. Centric ordering is superior to gradient moment nulling for motion artifact reduction in EPI. J Magn Reson Imaging 1997; 7:1122-31. [PMID: 9400858 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880070627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Echo-planar imaging (EPI) is sensitive to motion despite its rapid data acquisition rate. Compared with traditional imaging techniques, it is more sensitive to motion or flow in the phase-encode direction, which can cause image artifacts such as ghosting, misregistration, and loss of spatial resolution. Consequently, EPI of dynamic structures (eg, the cardiovascular system) could benefit from methods that eliminate these artifacts. In this paper, two methods of artifact reduction for motion in the phase-encode direction are evaluated. First, the k-space trajectory is evaluated by comparing centric with top-down ordered sequences. Next, velocity gradient moment nulling (GMN) of the phase-encode direction is evaluated for each trajectory. Computer simulations and experiments in flow phantoms and rabbits in vivo show that uncompensated centric ordering produces the highest image quality. This is probably due to a shorter readout duration, which reduces T2* relaxation losses and off-resonance effects, and to the linear geometry of phantoms and vessels, which can obscure centric blurring artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Jaffer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
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250
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Wen H, Li W, Wu H, Qiu L. [Influence of processing on atractylenolide III content in Atractylodes macrocephala Koids]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1997; 22:662-3, 702. [PMID: 11243181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The atractylenolide III content in different processed products of Atractylodes macrocephala was determined by HPLC. The result has shown that the content in the processed products appears higher than that in the crude herb, with the yellow-fried product being the highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029
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