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Satpathy A, Mohanty R, Rautray TR. Bio-mimicked guided tissue regeneration/guided bone regeneration membranes with hierarchical structured surfaces replicated from teak leaf exhibits enhanced bioactivity. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:144-156. [PMID: 34227233 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bio-mimicked GTR/GBR membranes with hierarchical structured surfaces were developed by direct and indirect replication of teak leaf surface. The membranes were fabricated using solvent casting method with customized templates. The surfaces obtained were those with micro-trichomes (MTS) and micro-depression (MDS) that resembled a whorling pattern. Structural details of the fabricated membrane surfaces were studied under stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. Surface roughness, water wetting angle, water uptake, and degradation properties of the membranes were examined. The effects of the micro-patterned hierarchical structure on in vitro bioactivities of human osteoblast-like cells (MG63) and human gingival fibroblast cells HGF1-RT1 were studied. In vivo study carried out on rat skulls to assess the response of surrounding tissues for 4 weeks showed that the bio-mimicked MTS and MDS membrane surfaces enhanced the cell proliferation. The proliferation significantly increased with increasing surface roughness and decreasing contact angle. There was also an evidence of rapid new bone maturation with membranes with MTS. It is thus suggested that the teak leaf mimicked whorling patterned hierarchical structured surface is an important design for enhancing bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Satpathy
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Lab, CETMS, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rinkee Mohanty
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tapash R Rautray
- Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Lab, CETMS, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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52
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Metavarayuth K, Villarreal E, Wang H, Wang Q, Hw, Qw, Mk, Ev, Mk, Mk, Hw, Qw, Mk, Hw, Qw. Surface topography and free energy regulate osteogenesis of stem cells: effects of shape-controlled gold nanoparticles. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:165-173. [PMID: 35836962 PMCID: PMC9255781 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The surface free energy of a biomaterial plays an important role in the early stages of cell-biomaterial interactions, profoundly influencing protein adsorption, interfacial water accessibility, and cell attachment on the biomaterial surface. Although multiple approaches have been developed to engineer the surface free energy of biomaterials, systematically tuning their surface free energy without altering other physicochemical properties remains challenging. In this study, we constructed an array of chemically-equivalent surfaces with comparable apparent roughness through assembly of gold nanoparticles adopting various geometrically-distinct shapes but all capped with the same surface ligand, (1-hexadecyl)trimethylammonium chloride, on cell culture substrates. We found that bone marrow stem cells exhibited distinct osteogenic differentiation behaviours when interacting with different types of substrates comprising shape-controlled gold nanoparticles. Our results reveal that bone marrow stem cells are capable of sensing differences in the nanoscale topographical features, which underscores the role of the surface free energy of nanostructured biomaterials in regulating cell responses. The study was approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina.
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53
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Graceffa V. Physical and mechanical cues affecting biomaterial-mediated plasmid DNA delivery: insights into non-viral delivery systems. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:90. [PMID: 34142237 PMCID: PMC8211807 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst traditional strategies to increase transfection efficiency of non-viral systems aimed at modifying the vector or the polyplexes/lipoplexes, biomaterial-mediated gene delivery has recently sparked increased interest. This review aims at discussing biomaterial properties and unravelling underlying mechanisms of action, for biomaterial-mediated gene delivery. DNA internalisation and cytoplasmic transport are initially discussed. DNA immobilisation, encapsulation and surface-mediated gene delivery (SMD), the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) and topographical cues, biomaterial stiffness and mechanical stimulation are finally outlined. MAIN TEXT Endocytic pathways and mechanisms to escape the lysosomal network are highly variable. They depend on cell and DNA complex types but can be diverted using appropriate biomaterials. 3D scaffolds are generally fabricated via DNA immobilisation or encapsulation. Degradation rate and interaction with the vector affect temporal patterns of DNA release and transgene expression. In SMD, DNA is instead coated on 2D surfaces. SMD allows the incorporation of topographical cues, which, by inducing cytoskeletal re-arrangements, modulate DNA endocytosis. Incorporation of ECM mimetics allows cell type-specific transfection, whereas in spite of discordances in terms of optimal loading regimens, it is recognised that mechanical loading facilitates gene transfection. Finally, stiffer 2D substrates enhance DNA internalisation, whereas in 3D scaffolds, the role of stiffness is still dubious. CONCLUSION Although it is recognised that biomaterials allow the creation of tailored non-viral gene delivery systems, there still are many outstanding questions. A better characterisation of endocytic pathways would allow the diversion of cell adhesion processes and cytoskeletal dynamics, in order to increase cellular transfection. Further research on optimal biomaterial mechanical properties, cell ligand density and loading regimens is limited by the fact that such parameters influence a plethora of other different processes (e.g. cellular adhesion, spreading, migration, infiltration, and proliferation, DNA diffusion and release) which may in turn modulate gene delivery. Only a better understanding of these processes may allow the creation of novel robust engineered systems, potentially opening up a whole new area of biomaterial-guided gene delivery for non-viral systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Ln, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland.
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Ln, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland.
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54
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Lomboni DJ, Steeves A, Schock S, Bonetti L, De Nardo L, Variola F. Compounded topographical and physicochemical cueing by micro-engineered chitosan substrates on rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and human mesenchymal stem cells. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5284-5302. [PMID: 34075927 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Given the intertwined physicochemical effects exerted in vivo by both natural and synthetic (e.g., biomaterial) interfaces on adhering cells, the evaluation of structure-function relationships governing cellular response to micro-engineered surfaces for applications in neuronal tissue engineering requires the use of in vitro testing platforms which consist of a clinically translatable material with tunable physiochemical properties. In this work, we micro-engineered chitosan substrates with arrays of parallel channels with variable width (20 and 60 μm). A citric acid (CA)-based crosslinking approach was used to provide an additional level of synergistic cueing on adhering cells by regulating the chitosan substrate's stiffness. Morphological and physicochemical characterization was conducted to unveil the structure-function relationships which govern the activity of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), ultimately singling out the key role of microtopography, roughness and substrate's stiffness. While substrate's stiffness predominantly affected hMSC spreading, the modulation of the channels' design affected the neuronal architecture's complexity and guided the morphological transition of hMSCs. Finally, the combined analysis of tubulin expression and cell morphology allowed us to cast new light on the predominant role of the microtopography over substrate's stiffness in the process of hMSCs neurogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lomboni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Canada. and Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alexander Steeves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Canada. and Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sarah Schock
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada and The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Variola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Canada. and Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada and The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Canada
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55
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Modaresifar K, Ganjian M, Angeloni L, Minneboo M, Ghatkesar MK, Hagedoorn PL, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Zadpoor AA. On the Use of Black Ti as a Bone Substituting Biomaterial: Behind the Scenes of Dual-Functionality. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100706. [PMID: 33978318 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the potential of small-scale pillars of black titanium (bTi) for killing the bacteria and directing the fate of stem cells, not much is known about the effects of the pillars' design parameters on their biological properties. Here, three distinct bTi surfaces are designed and fabricated through dry etching of the titanium, each featuring different pillar designs. The interactions of the surfaces with MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are then investigated. Pillars with different heights and spatial organizations differently influence the morphological characteristics of the cells, including their spreading area, aspect ratio, nucleus area, and cytoskeletal organization. The preferential formation of focal adhesions (FAs) and their size variations also depend on the type of topography. When the pillars are neither fully separated nor extremely tall, the colocalization of actin fibers and FAs as well as an enhanced matrix mineralization are observed. However, the killing efficiency of these pillars against the bacteria is not as high as that of fully separated and tall pillars. This study provides a new perspective on the dual-functionality of bTi surfaces and elucidates how the surface design and fabrication parameters can be used to achieve a surface topography with balanced bactericidal and osteogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashayar Modaresifar
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Mahya Ganjian
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Livia Angeloni
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Minneboo
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Murali K Ghatkesar
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Lidy E Fratila-Apachitei
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
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56
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Alarcin E, Bal-Öztürk A, Avci H, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Akpek A, Yesiltas G, Canak-Ipek T, Avci-Adali M. Current Strategies for the Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5929. [PMID: 34072959 PMCID: PMC8198586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries, tumor resections, and degenerative diseases can damage skeletal muscle and lead to functional impairment and severe disability. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that depends on various cell types, signaling molecules, architectural cues, and physicochemical properties to be successful. To promote muscle repair and regeneration, various strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering have been developed in the last decades. However, there is still a high demand for the development of new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle repair and functional regeneration to bring approaches closer to therapies in the clinic that structurally and functionally repair muscle. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules is used to induce skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of different cell types used to treat skeletal muscle injury, highlight current strategies in biomaterial-based approaches, the importance of topography for the successful creation of functional striated muscle fibers, and discuss novel methods for muscle regeneration and challenges for their future clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ayca Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ali Akpek
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gözde Yesiltas
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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57
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Liu YH, Liu W, Zheng ZL, Wei X, Shah NA, Lin H, Zhao BS, Huang SS, Xu JZ, Li ZM. Fabrication of Highly Anisotropic and Interconnected Porous Scaffolds to Promote Preosteoblast Proliferation for Bone Tissue Engineering. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2573-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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58
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Gianfreda F, Antonacci D, Raffone C, Muzzi M, Pistilli V, Bollero P. Microscopic Characterization of Bioactivate Implant Surfaces: Increasing Wettability Using Salts and Dry Technology. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102608. [PMID: 34067747 PMCID: PMC8156028 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The surface topography of dental implants plays an important role in cell-surface interaction promoting cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation influencing osseointegration. A hydrophilic implant leads to the absorption of water molecules and subsequently promotes the adhesion of cells to the implant binding protein. Dried salts on the implant surfaces allow one to store the implant surfaces in a dry environment while preserving their hydrophilic characteristics. This process has been identified as “dry technology”. The aim of the present study is to describe from a micrometric and nanometric point of view the characteristics of this new bioactivated surface obtained using salts dried on the surface. Topographic analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and contact angle characterization were performed on the samples of a sandblasted and dual acid-etched surface (ABT), a nanosurface (Nano) deriving from the former but with the adding of salts air dried and a nanosurface with salts dissolved with distilled water (Nano H2O). The analysis revealed promising results for nanostructured surfaces with increased wettability and a more articulated surface nanotopography than the traditional ABT surface. In conclusion, this study validates a new promising ultra-hydrophilic nano surface obtained by sandblasting, double acid etching and surface salt deposition using dry technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Carlo Raffone
- Independent Researcher, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Maurizio Muzzi
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Patrizio Bollero
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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59
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Salvatore L, Gallo N, Natali ML, Terzi A, Sannino A, Madaghiele M. Mimicking the Hierarchical Organization of Natural Collagen: Toward the Development of Ideal Scaffolding Material for Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:644595. [PMID: 33987173 PMCID: PMC8112590 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.644595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological materials found in living organisms, many of which are proteins, feature a complex hierarchical organization. Type I collagen, a fibrous structural protein ubiquitous in the mammalian body, provides a striking example of such a hierarchical material, with peculiar architectural features ranging from the amino acid sequence at the nanoscale (primary structure) up to the assembly of fibrils (quaternary structure) and fibers, with lengths of the order of microns. Collagen plays a dominant role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of various tissues and organs, such as bone, skin, tendons, blood vessels, and cartilage. Thus, "artificial" collagen-based fibrous assemblies, endowed with appropriate structural properties, represent ideal substrates for the development of devices for tissue engineering applications. In recent years, with the ultimate goal of developing three-dimensional scaffolds with optimal bioactivity able to promote both regeneration and functional recovery of a damaged tissue, numerous studies focused on the capability to finely modulate the scaffold architecture at the microscale and the nanoscale in order to closely mimic the hierarchical features of the extracellular matrix and, in particular, the natural patterning of collagen. All of these studies clearly show that the accurate characterization of the collagen structure at the submolecular and supramolecular levels is pivotal to the understanding of the relationships between the nanostructural/microstructural properties of the fabricated scaffold and its macroscopic performance. Several studies also demonstrate that the selected processing, including any crosslinking and/or sterilization treatments, can strongly affect the architecture of collagen at various length scales. The aim of this review is to highlight the most recent findings on the development of collagen-based scaffolds with optimized properties for tissue engineering. The optimization of the scaffolds is particularly related to the modulation of the collagen architecture, which, in turn, impacts on the achieved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Natali
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alberta Terzi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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60
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Eftekhari BS, Eskandari M, Janmey PA, Samadikuchaksaraei A, Gholipourmalekabadi M. Conductive chitosan/polyaniline hydrogel with cell-imprinted topography as a potential substrate for neural priming of adipose derived stem cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15795-15807. [PMID: 35481217 PMCID: PMC9029165 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical characteristics of engineered scaffolds such as topography and electroconductivity have shown potentially beneficial effects on stem cell morphology, proliferation, and differentiation toward neural cells. In this study, we fabricated a conductive hydrogel made from chitosan (CS) and polyaniline (PANI) with induced PC12 cell surface topography using a cell imprinting technique to provide both topographical properties and conductivity in a platform. The engineered hydrogel's potential for neural priming of rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) was determined in vitro. The biomechanical analysis revealed that the electrical conductivity, stiffness, and hydrophobicity of flat (F) and cell-imprinted (CI) substrates increased with increased PANI content in the CS/PANI scaffold. The conductive substrates exhibited a lower degradation rate compared to non-conductive substrates. According to data obtained from F-actin staining and AFM micrographs, both CI(CS) and CI(CS-PANI) substrates induced the morphology of rADSCs from their irregular shape (on flat substrates) into the elongated and bipolar shape of the neuronal-like PC12 cells. Immunostaining analysis revealed that both CI(CS) and CI (CS-PANI) significantly upregulated the expression of GFAP and MAP2, two neural precursor-specific genes, in rADSCs compared with flat substrates. Although the results reveal that both cell-imprinted topography and electrical conductivity affect the neural lineage differentiation, some data demonstrate that the topography effects of the cell-imprinted surface have a more critical role than electrical conductivity on neural priming of ADSCs. The current study provides new insight into the engineering of scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Sadat Eftekhari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Ave Tehran 15875-4413 Iran +98 21 6454 23 62.,Department of Physiology, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania 1010 Vagelos Research Laboratories, 3340 Smith Walk Philadelphia PA 19104-6383 USA +1 215 573 6815 +1 215 573 7380
| | - Mahnaz Eskandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Ave Tehran 15875-4413 Iran +98 21 6454 23 62
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania 1010 Vagelos Research Laboratories, 3340 Smith Walk Philadelphia PA 19104-6383 USA +1 215 573 6815 +1 215 573 7380
| | | | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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61
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Hsiao YS, Lin CL, Liao IH, Chen FJ, Liu CT, Tseng HS, Yu J. Facile Fabrication of Microwrinkled Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) Films that Promote Neural Differentiation under Electrical Stimulation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2354-2362. [PMID: 35014356 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although conductive bioelectronic interfaces (BEIs) can allow neural cell culturing while providing electrical stimulation (ES) to the nervous system, there are few simple approaches for the preparation of conductive BEIs with topographical features designed for cell manipulation. In this study, we developed a facile method for fabricating microwrinkled poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films through spin-coating onto pre-elongated polydimethylsiloxane substrates. The microwrinkles of our PEDOT:PSS films pre-elongated by 20 and 40% had average widths of 6.47 ± 1.49 and 5.39 ± 1.53 μm, respectively. These microwrinkled PEDOT:PSS films promoted the directional ordering of neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells and displayed favorable biocompatibility and outstanding electrochemical properties for long-term ES treatment. When using this BEI platform, the level of PC12 gene expression of Neun was enhanced significantly after 5 days of culturing in differentiation media and under ES, in line with the decreased expression of early phase markers. Therefore, such readily fabricated microwrinkled PEDOT:PSS films are promising candidates for use as BEIs for tissue regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Jung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Sheng Tseng
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an Dist., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
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62
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Zhu Y, Goh C, Shrestha A. Biomaterial Properties Modulating Bone Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000365. [PMID: 33615702 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial scaffolds have been gaining momentum in the past several decades for their potential applications in the area of tissue engineering. They function as three-dimensional porous constructs to temporarily support the attachment of cells, subsequently influencing cell behaviors such as proliferation and differentiation to repair or regenerate defective tissues. In addition, scaffolds can also serve as delivery vehicles to achieve sustained release of encapsulated growth factors or therapeutic agents to further modulate the regeneration process. Given the limitations of current bone grafts used clinically in bone repair, alternatives such as biomaterial scaffolds have emerged as potential bone graft substitutes. This review summarizes how physicochemical properties of biomaterial scaffolds can influence cell behavior and its downstream effect, particularly in its application to bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Cynthia Goh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 84 College Street, Suite 140, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Annie Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
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63
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Zhang W, Yang Y, Cui B. New perspectives on the roles of nanoscale surface topography in modulating intracellular signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021; 25:100873. [PMID: 33364912 PMCID: PMC7751896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2020.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of biomaterials, such as elasticity, stiffness, and surface nanotopography, are mechanical cues that regulate a broad spectrum of cell behaviors, including migration, differentiation, proliferation, and reprogramming. Among them, nanoscale surface topography, i.e. nanotopography, defines the nanoscale shape and spatial arrangement of surface elements, which directly interact with the cell membranes and stimulate changes in the cell signaling pathways. In biological systems, the effects of nanotopography are often entangled with those of other mechanical and biochemical factors. Precise engineering of 2D nanopatterns and 3D nanostructures with well-defined features has provided a powerful means to study the cellular responses to specific topographic features. In this Review, we discuss efforts in the last three years to understand how nanotopography affects membrane receptor activation, curvature-induced cell signaling, and stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, ChEM-H/Wu Tsai Neuroscience Research Complex, S285, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
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64
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Biofabrication of aligned structures that guide cell orientation and applications in tissue engineering. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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65
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Barrett P, Quick TJ, Mudera V, Player DJ. Generating intrafusal skeletal muscle fibres in vitro: Current state of the art and future challenges. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420985205. [PMID: 34956586 PMCID: PMC8693220 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420985205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrafusal fibres are a specialised cell population in skeletal muscle, found within the muscle spindle. These fibres have a mechano-sensory capacity, forming part of the monosynaptic stretch-reflex arc, a key component responsible for proprioceptive function. Impairment of proprioception and associated dysfunction of the muscle spindle is linked with many neuromuscular diseases. Research to-date has largely been undertaken in vivo or using ex vivo preparations. These studies have provided a foundation for our understanding of muscle spindle physiology, however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms which underpin physiological changes are yet to be fully elucidated. Therefrom, the use of in vitro models has been proposed, whereby intrafusal fibres can be generated de novo. Although there has been progress, it is predominantly a developing and evolving area of research. This narrative review presents the current state of art in this area and proposes the direction of future work, with the aim of providing novel pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Barrett
- Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom J Quick
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Research Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vivek Mudera
- Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Darren J Player
- Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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66
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Morena F, Argentati C, Soccio M, Bicchi I, Luzi F, Torre L, Munari A, Emiliani C, Gigli M, Lotti N, Armentano I, Martino S. Unpatterned Bioactive Poly(Butylene 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylate)-Based Film Fast Induced Neuronal-Like Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9274. [PMID: 33291757 PMCID: PMC7729499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present poly(butylene 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) (PBCE) films characterized by an unpatterned microstructure and a specific hydrophobicity, capable of boosting a drastic cytoskeleton architecture remodeling, culminating with the neuronal-like differentiation of human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). We have used two different filming procedures to prepare the films, solvent casting (PBCE) and compression-moulding (PBCE*). PBCE film had a rough and porous surface with spherulite-like aggregations (Ø = 10-20 μm) and was characterized by a water contact angle = 100°. PBCE* showed a smooth and continuous surface without voids and visible spherulite-like aggregations and was more hydrophobic (WCA = 110°). Both surface characteristics were modulated through the copolymerization of different amounts of ether-oxygen-containing co-units into PBCE chemical structure. We showed that only the surface characteristics of PBCE-solvent-casted films steered hBM-MSCs toward a neuronal-like differentiation. hBM-MSCs lost their canonical mesenchymal morphology, acquired a neuronal polarized shape with a long cell protrusion (≥150 μm), expressed neuron-specific class III β-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 2 neuronal markers, while nestin, a marker of uncommitted stem cells, was drastically silenced. These events were observed as early as 2-days after cell seeding. Of note, the phenomenon was totally absent on PBCE* film, as hBM-MSCs maintained the mesenchymal shape and behavior and did not express neuronal/glial markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilaria Bicchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Francesca Luzi
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Luigi Torre
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Andrea Munari
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gigli
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’Foscari University of Venice, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy;
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilaria Armentano
- Department of Economics, Engineering, Society and Business Organization (DEIM), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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67
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Dede Eren A, Vasilevich A, Eren ED, Sudarsanam P, Tuvshindorj U, de Boer J, Foolen J. Tendon-Derived Biomimetic Surface Topographies Induce Phenotypic Maintenance of Tenocytes In Vitro. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 27:1023-1036. [PMID: 33045937 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tenocyte niche contains biochemical and biophysical signals that are needed for tendon homeostasis. The tenocyte phenotype is correlated with cell shape in vivo and in vitro, and shape-modifying cues are needed for tenocyte phenotypical maintenance. Indeed, cell shape changes from elongated to spread when cultured on a flat surface, and rat tenocytes lose the expression of phenotypical markers throughout five passages. We hypothesized that tendon gene expression can be preserved by culturing cells in the native tendon shape. To this end, we reproduced the tendon topographical landscape into tissue culture polystyrene, using imprinting technology. We confirmed that the imprints forced the cells into a more elongated shape, which correlated with the level of Scleraxis expression. When we cultured the tenocytes for 7 days on flat surfaces and tendon imprints, we observed a decline in tenogenic marker expression on flat but not on imprints. This research demonstrates that native tendon topography is an important factor contributing to the tenocyte phenotype. Tendon imprints therefore provide a powerful platform to explore the effect of instructive cues originating from native tendon topography on guiding cell shape, phenotype, and function of tendon-related cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Dede Eren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Aliaksey Vasilevich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E Deniz Eren
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Phanikrishna Sudarsanam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Urandelger Tuvshindorj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Instructive Biomaterial Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Foolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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68
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Petroll WM, Varner VD, Schmidtke DW. Keratocyte mechanobiology. Exp Eye Res 2020; 200:108228. [PMID: 32919993 PMCID: PMC7655662 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In vivo, corneal keratocytes reside within a complex 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting of highly aligned collagen lamellae, growth factors, and other extracellular matrix components, and are subjected to various mechanical stimuli during developmental morphogenesis, fluctuations in intraocular pressure, and wound healing. The process by which keratocytes convert changes in mechanical stimuli (e.g. local topography, applied force, ECM stiffness) into biochemical signaling is known as mechanotransduction. Activation of the various mechanotransductive pathways can produce changes in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Here we review how corneal keratocytes respond to and integrate different biochemical and biophysical factors. We first highlight how growth factors and other cytokines regulate the activity of Rho GTPases, cytoskeletal remodeling, and ultimately the mechanical phenotype of keratocytes. We then discuss how changes in the mechanical properties of the ECM have been shown to regulate keratocyte behavior in sophisticated 2D and 3D experimental models of the corneal microenvironment. Finally, we discuss how ECM topography and protein composition can modulate cell phenotypes, and review the different methods of fabricating in vitro mimics of corneal ECM topography, novel approaches for examining topographical effects in vivo, and the impact of different ECM glycoproteins and proteoglycans on keratocyte behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Matthew Petroll
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Victor D Varner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David W Schmidtke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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69
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Leclech C, Villard C. Cellular and Subcellular Contact Guidance on Microfabricated Substrates. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:551505. [PMID: 33195116 PMCID: PMC7642591 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.551505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Topography of the extracellular environment is now recognized as a major biophysical regulator of cell behavior and function. The study of the influence of patterned substrates on cells, named contact guidance, has greatly benefited from the development of micro and nano-fabrication techniques, allowing the emergence of increasingly diverse and elaborate engineered platforms. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive view of the process of contact guidance from cellular to subcellular scales. We first classify and illustrate the large diversity of topographies reported in the literature by focusing on generic cellular responses to diverse topographical cues. Subsequently, and in a complementary fashion, we adopt the opposite approach and highlight cell type-specific responses to classically used topographies (arrays of pillars or grooves). Finally, we discuss recent advances on the key subcellular and molecular players involved in topographical sensing. Throughout the review, we focus particularly on neuronal cells, whose unique morphology and behavior have inspired a large body of studies in the field of topographical sensing and revealed fascinating cellular mechanisms. We conclude by using the current understanding of the cell-topography interactions at different scales as a springboard for identifying future challenges in the field of contact guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Leclech
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR 7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Catherine Villard
- Physico-Chimie Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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70
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Cun X, Hosta-Rigau L. Topography: A Biophysical Approach to Direct the Fate of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2070. [PMID: 33092104 PMCID: PMC7590059 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat tissue and organ loss or damage caused by injury or disease. During the past two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in tissue engineering due to their multipotency and self-renewal ability. MSCs are also the most multipotent stem cells in the human adult body. However, the application of MSCs in tissue engineering is relatively limited because it is difficult to guide their differentiation toward a specific cell lineage by using traditional biochemical factors. Besides biochemical factors, the differentiation of MSCs also influenced by biophysical cues. To this end, much effort has been devoted to directing the cell lineage decisions of MSCs through adjusting the biophysical properties of biomaterials. The surface topography of the biomaterial-based scaffold can modulate the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Presently, the development of micro- and nano-fabrication techniques has made it possible to control the surface topography of the scaffold precisely. In this review, we highlight and discuss how the main topographical features (i.e., roughness, patterns, and porosity) are an efficient approach to control the fate of MSCs and the application of topography in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- DTU Health Tech, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Allé, Building 423, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;
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71
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Kollmetz T, Monteiro A I, Gerrard JA, Malmström J. Polystyrene- block-poly(ethylene oxide) Thin Films Fabricated from a Solvent Mixture for the Co-Assembly of Polymers and Proteins. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26365-26373. [PMID: 33110964 PMCID: PMC7581074 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The co-assembly of peptides and proteins in poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) thin films has proven to be a promising method to fabricate polymer-biomolecule functional materials. Contrary to the covalent immobilization of biomolecules on surfaces, co-assembly presents the opportunity to arrange cargo within thin films, which can be released upon exposure to an aqueous environment. The use of a mixed solvent system ensures the solubilization of hydrophobic polymer as well as the solubilization and protection of the biomolecule cargo. However, to produce largely defect-free films of PS-b-PEO from a solvent mixture containing water is challenging due to the narrow range of solvent miscibility and polymer/protein solubility. This work explores the limits of using a benzene/methanol/water solvent mixture for the production of thin PS-b-PEO films and provides a template for the fabrication optimization of block copolymer thin films in different complex solvent systems. The film quality is analyzed using optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy and correlated to the solvent composition. By adjusting the solvent composition to 80/18.8/1.2 vol % benzene/methanol/water, it was possible to reliably fabricate thin films with less than 1% macroscopic defect surface coverage. Using the optimized solvent composition, we also demonstrate the fabrication of ordered PS-b-PEO films containing lysozyme. Furthermore, we show the release of lysozyme into aqueous media, which highlights the potential use of such films for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Kollmetz
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The
University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Isabela Monteiro A
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The
University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Juliet A. Gerrard
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- School
of Biological Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The
University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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In situ ornamenting poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun fibers with different fiber diameters using chondrocyte-derived extracellular matrix for chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111374. [PMID: 33032177 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic instructive tissue engineering scaffolds are critical for achieving successful tissue regeneration. In the present study, we developed a novel scaffold via ornamenting poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun fibers with a chondrocyte-derived extracellular matrix (ECM)-coating, which was applied for chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). PCL fibrous films with different fiber diameters (1282±121 nm, 549±61 nm and 285±38 nm) were first prepared via electrospinning. Rabbit articular chondrocytes (rACs) were cultured on PCL fibrous scaffolds, followed by a decellularization treatment to generate decellularized ECM (dECM)-coated PCL scaffolds (dECM/PCL). Rabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs (rMSCs) were then seeded onto these scaffolds and adhesion, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation were evaluated. dECM/PCL scaffolds displayed distinct surface microstructural features with varying fiber diameters and fibrous mesh-like ECM with more developed collagen fibers was observed on nanofibers. On dECM/PCL scaffolds, rMSCs tended to spread more at 24 h post-seeding and proliferated better within 7 d compared to those on uncoated PCL scaffolds. Based on analysis of gene expression, rMSCs underwent the best chondrogenic differentiation on dECM/PCL scaffolds of 549-nm fibers. Collectively, such dECM/PCL composite scaffolds are very promising for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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73
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Nanostructured Titanium for Improved Endothelial Biocompatibility and Reduced Platelet Adhesion in Stent Applications. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10090907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although coronary stents have improved the early and long-term consequences of arterial lesions, the prevention of restenosis and late stent thrombosis is key to prevent a new obstruction of the vessel. Here we aimed at improving the tissue response to stents through surface modification. For that purpose, we used two different approaches, the use of nanostructuration by electrochemical anodization and the addition of a quercitrin (QR) coating to the Ti surface. Four surfaces (Ti, NN, TiQR and NNQR) were characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy and contact angle analysis and QR content was evaluated by fluorescent staining. Cell adhesion, cytotoxicity, metabolic activity and nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated on primary human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs). Platelet adhesion, hemolysis rate and Staphylococcus epidermidis CECT 4184 adhesion at 30 min were analyzed. Nanostructuration induced an increase on surface roughness, and QR coating decreased the contact angle. All surfaces were biocompatible, with no hemolysis rate and lower platelet adhesion was found in NN surfaces. Finally, S. epidermidis adhesion was lower on TiQR surfaces compared to Ti. In conclusion, our results suggest that NN structuration could improve biocompatibility of bare metal stents on endothelial cells and reduce platelet adhesion. Moreover, QR coating could reduce bacterial adhesion.
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74
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Selig M, Lauer JC, Hart ML, Rolauffs B. Mechanotransduction and Stiffness-Sensing: Mechanisms and Opportunities to Control Multiple Molecular Aspects of Cell Phenotype as a Design Cornerstone of Cell-Instructive Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5399. [PMID: 32751354 PMCID: PMC7432012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since material stiffness controls many cell functions, we reviewed the currently available knowledge on stiffness sensing and elucidated what is known in the context of clinical and experimental articular cartilage (AC) repair. Remarkably, no stiffness information on the various biomaterials for clinical AC repair was accessible. Using mRNA expression profiles and morphology as surrogate markers of stiffness-related effects, we deduced that the various clinically available biomaterials control chondrocyte (CH) phenotype well, but not to equal extents, and only in non-degenerative settings. Ample evidence demonstrates that multiple molecular aspects of CH and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) phenotype are susceptible to material stiffness, because proliferation, migration, lineage determination, shape, cytoskeletal properties, expression profiles, cell surface receptor composition, integrin subunit expression, and nuclear shape and composition of CHs and/or MSCs are stiffness-regulated. Moreover, material stiffness modulates MSC immuno-modulatory and angiogenic properties, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced lineage determination, and CH re-differentiation/de-differentiation, collagen type II fragment production, and TGF-β1- and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)-induced changes in cell stiffness and traction force. We then integrated the available molecular signaling data into a stiffness-regulated CH phenotype model. Overall, we recommend using material stiffness for controlling cell phenotype, as this would be a promising design cornerstone for novel future-oriented, cell-instructive biomaterials for clinical high-quality AC repair tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin C. Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
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Rahmati M, Silva EA, Reseland JE, A Heyward C, Haugen HJ. Biological responses to physicochemical properties of biomaterial surface. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5178-5224. [PMID: 32642749 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical scientists use chemistry-driven processes found in nature as an inspiration to design biomaterials as promising diagnostic tools, therapeutic solutions, or tissue substitutes. While substantial consideration is devoted to the design and validation of biomaterials, the nature of their interactions with the surrounding biological microenvironment is commonly neglected. This gap of knowledge could be owing to our poor understanding of biochemical signaling pathways, lack of reliable techniques for designing biomaterials with optimal physicochemical properties, and/or poor stability of biomaterial properties after implantation. The success of host responses to biomaterials, known as biocompatibility, depends on chemical principles as the root of both cell signaling pathways in the body and how the biomaterial surface is designed. Most of the current review papers have discussed chemical engineering and biological principles of designing biomaterials as separate topics, which has resulted in neglecting the main role of chemistry in this field. In this review, we discuss biocompatibility in the context of chemistry, what it is and how to assess it, while describing contributions from both biochemical cues and biomaterials as well as the means of harmonizing them. We address both biochemical signal-transduction pathways and engineering principles of designing a biomaterial with an emphasis on its surface physicochemistry. As we aim to show the role of chemistry in the crosstalk between the surface physicochemical properties and body responses, we concisely highlight the main biochemical signal-transduction pathways involved in the biocompatibility complex. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges associated with the current strategies used for improving the chemical and physical interactions between cells and biomaterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway. h.j.haugen.odont.uio.no
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Yun YS, Kang EH, Ji S, Lee SB, Kim YO, Yun IS, Yeo JS. Quantitative Correlation of Nanotopography with Cell Spreading via Focal Adhesions Using Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000092. [PMID: 32500640 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nanotopography mimicking extracellular environments reportedly impact cell morphological changes; however, elucidating this relationship has been challenging. To control cellular responses using nanostructures, in this study, the quantitative relationship between nanotopography and cell spreading mediated by focal adhesions (FAs) is demonstrated using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). The spreading of ASCs and area of FAs are analyzed for the distribution of filamentous actin and vinculin, respectively, using fluorescent images. FAs require a specific area for adhesion (herein defined as effective contact area [ECA]) to maintain cell attachment on nanopillar arrays. An ECA is the area of FAs supported by nanopillars, multiplying the area fraction (AF) of their top surface. Regarding the spreading of cells, the mean area of ASCs linearly decreases as the mean area of FAs increases. Because the area of FAs is inversely correlated to the AF of the nanopillar arrays, the spreading of cells can be quantitatively correlated with nanotopography. The results provide a conceptual framework for controlling cell behaviors to design artificial substrates for tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Shik Yun
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Kang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 134, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seungmuk Ji
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Su-Bong Lee
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Yong Oock Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 134, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - In Sik Yun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 134, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jong-Souk Yeo
- School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Korea
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77
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Rosado-Galindo H, Domenech M. Polystyrene Topography Sticker Array for Cell-Based Assays. RECENT PROGRESS IN MATERIALS 2020; 2. [PMID: 33693439 PMCID: PMC7943041 DOI: 10.21926/rpm.2002013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cells can respond to different topographical cues in their natural microenvironment. Hence, scientists have employed microfabrication techniques and materials to generate culture substrates containing topographies for cell-based assays. However, one of the limitations of custom topographical platforms is the lack of adoption by the broad research community. These techniques and materials have high costs, require high technical expertise, and can leach components that may introduce artifacts. In this study, we developed an array of culture surfaces on polystyrene using razor printing and sanding methods to examine the impact of microscale topographies on cell behavior. The proposed technology consists of culture substrates of defined roughness, depth, and curvature on polystyrene films bound to the bottom of a culture well using double-sided medical-grade tape. Human monocytes and adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used as test beds to demonstrate the applicability of the array for cell-based assays. An increase in cell elongation and Arg-1 expression was detected in macrophages cultured in grooves and on rough substrates as compared to flat surfaces. Also, substrates with enhanced roughness stimulated the proliferation of hMSCs. This effect correlated with the secretion of proteins involved in cell proliferation and the downregulation of those associated with cell differentiation. Our results showed that the polystyrene topography sticker array supports cellular changes guided by microscale surface roughness and geometries. Consequently, microscale surface topographies on polished and razor-printed polystyrene films could leverage the endogenous mechanisms of cells to stimulate cellular changes at the functional level for cell-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heizel Rosado-Galindo
- Mayagüez Campus-Bioengineering Program, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Maribella Domenech
- Mayagüez Campus-Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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78
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Vandaele J, Louis B, Liu K, Camacho R, Kouwer PHJ, Rocha S. Structural characterization of fibrous synthetic hydrogels using fluorescence microscopy. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4210-4219. [PMID: 32292943 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01828j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The structural features of the matrix surrounding the cells play a crucial role in regulating their behavior. Here, we used fluorescence microscopy and customized analysis algorithms to characterize the architecture of fibrous hydrogel networks. As a model system, we investigated a new class of synthetic biomimetic material, hydrogels prepared from polyisocyanides. Our results show that these synthetic gels present a highly heterogeneous fibrous network, with pores reaching a few micrometers in diameter. By encapsulating HeLa cells in different hydrogels, we show that a more porous structure is linked to a higher proliferation rate. The approach described here, for the characterization of the network of fibrous hydrogels, can be easily applied to other polymer-based materials and provide new insights into the influence of structural features in cell behavior. This knowledge is crucial to develop the next generation of biomimetic materials for 3D cell models and tissue engineering applications.
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79
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Lee SJ, Yan D, Zhou X, Cui H, Esworthy T, Hann SY, Keidar M, Zhang LG. Integrating cold atmospheric plasma with 3D printed bioactive nanocomposite scaffold for cartilage regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 111:110844. [PMID: 32279780 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The progressive degeneration of articular cartilage or osteoarthritis of the knee is a serious clinical problem affecting patient quality of life. In recent years, artificially engineered cartilage scaffolds have been widely studied as a promising method to stimulate cartilage regeneration. In this study, a novel biomimetic cartilage scaffold was developed by integrating a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment with prolonged release of bioactive factors. Specifically, a surface of 3D printed hydrogel scaffold with drug-loaded nanoparticles was treated with CAP. Our results showed that the scaffolds with CAP treatment can improve hydrophilicity as well as surface nano-roughness and can thus facilitate stem cell adhesion. More importantly, this study demonstrated that integrating CAP treatment with drug-loaded nanoparticles can synergistically enhance chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells when compared to control scaffolds. The results in this study indicate the great potential of applying CAP and drug-loaded nanoparticles into 3D printed tissue scaffolds for promoting cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jun Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Dayun Yan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Sung Yun Hann
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Michael Keidar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, DC 20052, USA.
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80
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Samanipour R, Wang T, Werb M, Hassannezhad H, Rangel JML, Hoorfar M, Hasan A, Lee CK, Shin SR. Ferritin Nanocage Conjugated Hybrid Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:277-287. [PMID: 33313389 PMCID: PMC7725239 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have recently been attractive in various drug delivery and tissue engineering applications because of their structural similarities to the natural extracellular matrix. Despite enormous advances in the application of hydrogels, poor mechanical properties and lack of control for the release of drugs and biomolecules act as major barriers for widespread clinical applications. To overcome these challenges, we developed both physically and covalently conjugated nanocage-laden hydrogels between the surface of the nanocage and a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel matrix. Ferritin and its empty-core equivalent apoferritin were used as nanocages that could be easily incorporated into a GelMA hydrogel via physical bonding. To fabricate covalently conjugated nanocage-laden GelMA hydrogels, ferritin and apoferritin were chemically modified to present the methacryloyl groups, ferritin methacryloyl (FerMA) and apoferritin methacryloyl (ApoMA), respectively. The covalently conjugated FerMA- and ApoMA-GelMA hydrogels offered a better ability to tune mechanical properties compared with those prepared by direct dispersion of ferritin and apoferritin into GelMA hydrogels with physical bonding, without affecting their porosity or cell growth. Furthermore, the ability of the nanocage to release small chemical compounds was confirmed by performing a cumulative release test on fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) encapsulated apoferritin and ApoMA incorporated GelMA hydrogels by pH stimulus. Thus, the nanocage incorporated hydrogels have emerged as excellent materials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Samanipour
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Moritz Werb
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hamed Hassannezhad
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Juan Manuel Ledesma Rangel
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Chang Kee Lee
- Korea Packaging Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Bucheon 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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81
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Polystyrene-block-polyethylene oxide thin films: In vitro cytocompatibility and protein adsorption testing. Biointerphases 2020; 15:011003. [DOI: 10.1116/1.5135062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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82
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Llopis-Grimalt MA, Amengual-Tugores AM, Monjo M, Ramis JM. Oriented Cell Alignment Induced by a Nanostructured Titanium Surface Enhances Expression of Cell Differentiation Markers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1661. [PMID: 31766660 PMCID: PMC6956383 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A key factor for dental implant success is a good sealing between the implant surface and both soft (gum) and hard (bone) tissues. Surface nanotopography can modulate cell response through mechanotransduction. The main objective of this research was the development of nanostructured titanium (Ti) surfaces that promote both soft and hard tissue integration with potential application in dental implants. Nanostructured Ti surfaces were developed by electrochemical anodization-nanopores (NPs) and nanonets (NNs)-and characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, and contact angle analysis. In addition, nanoparticle release and apoptosis activation were analyzed on cell culture. NP surfaces showed nanoparticle release, which increased in vitro cell apoptosis. Primary human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were used to test cell adhesion, cytotoxicity, metabolic activity, and differentiation markers. Finally, cell orientation on the different surfaces was analyzed using a phalloidin staining. NN surfaces induced an oriented alignment of both cell types, leading in turn to an improved expression of differentiation markers. Our results suggest that NN structuration of Ti surfaces has great potential to be used for dental implant abutments to improve both soft and hard tissue integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonia Llopis-Grimalt
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.L.-G.); (A.M.A.-T.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Andreu Miquel Amengual-Tugores
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.L.-G.); (A.M.A.-T.)
| | - Marta Monjo
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.L.-G.); (A.M.A.-T.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Joana Maria Ramis
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.L.-G.); (A.M.A.-T.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
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83
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Gao A, Liao Q, Xie L, Wang G, Zhang W, Wu Y, Li P, Guan M, Pan H, Tong L, Chu PK, Wang H. Tuning the surface immunomodulatory functions of polyetheretherketone for enhanced osseointegration. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119642. [PMID: 31787332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The adverse macrophage-mediated immune response elicited by the surface of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is responsible for the formation of fibrous encapsulation and resulting inferior osseointegration of PEEK implants in the dental and orthopedic fields. Therefore, endowing the PEEK surface with immunomodulatory ability is an appealing strategy to enhance implant-bone integration. Herein, a reliable and cost-effective method to construct adherent films with tunable nanoporous structures on PEEK is described. The functionalized surface not only suppresses the acute inflammatory response of macrophages, but also provides a favorable milieu for osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Whole genome expression analysis reveals that the suppression effect arises from synergistic inhibition of focal adhesion, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, as well as the attenuating loop through the JAK-STAT and TNF signaling pathways in macrophages. Further in vivo studies confirm that the functionalized surface induces less fibrous capsule formation and an improved bone regeneration. The nanoporous films fabricated on PEEK harmonize the early macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and subsequent hBMSCs-centered osteogenic functions consequently yielding superior osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Gao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lingxia Xie
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guomin Wang
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuzheng Wu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Guan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liping Tong
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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84
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Yin HM, Liu W, Huang YF, Ren Y, Xu L, Xu JZ, Zhao B, Li ZM. Surface Epitaxial Crystallization-Directed Nanotopography for Accelerating Preosteoblast Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42956-42963. [PMID: 31661240 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface nanotopography provides a physical stimulus to direct cell fate, especially in the case of osteogenic differentiation. However, fabrication of nanopatterns usually suffers from complex procedures. Herein, a feasible and versatile method was presented to create unique nanosheets on a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) substrate via surface epitaxial crystallization. The thickness, periodic distance, and root-mean-square nanoroughness of surface nanosheets were tunable by simply altering the PCL concentration in the growth solution. Epitaxial nanosheets possessed an identical composition as the substrate, being a prerequisite to revealing the independent effect of biophysical linkage on the osteogenic mechanism of the patterned surface. Preosteoblasts' response to the epitaxial nanosheets was examined in the aspect of preosteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The expression of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteopontin, and osteocalcin as well as mineralization was significantly promoted by the epitaxial nanosheets. Acceleration of osteogenic differentiation was attributed to activating the TAZ/RUNX2 signaling pathway. The findings demonstrate that surface epitaxial crystallization is a feasible approach to design and construct nanotopography for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Mo Yin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yan-Fei Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yue Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Jia-Zhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Baisong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology , Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center , Guangzhou 510623 , China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
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85
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Lam KH, Kivanany PB, Grose K, Yonet-Tanyeri N, Alsmadi N, Varner VD, Petroll WM, Schmidtke DW. A high-throughput microfluidic method for fabricating aligned collagen fibrils to study Keratocyte behavior. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:99. [PMID: 31741114 PMCID: PMC7228026 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In vivo, keratocytes are surrounded by aligned type I collagen fibrils that are organized into lamellae. A growing body of literature suggests that the unique topography of the corneal stroma is an important regulator of keratocyte behavior. In this study we describe a microfluidic method to deposit aligned fibrils of type I collagen onto glass coverslips. This high-throughput method allowed for the simultaneous coating of up to eight substrates with aligned collagen fibrils. When these substrates were integrated into a PDMS microwell culture system they provided a platform for high-resolution imaging of keratocyte behavior. Through the use of wide-field fluorescence and differential interference contrast microscopy, we observed that the density of collagen fibrils deposited was dependent upon both the perfusion shear rate of collagen and the time of perfusion. In contrast, a similar degree of fibril alignment was observed over a range of shear rates. When primary normal rabbit keratocytes (NRK) were seeded on substrates with a high density of aligned collagen fibrils and cultured in the presence of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) the keratocytes displayed an elongated cell body that was co-aligned with the underlying collagen fibrils. In contrast, when NRK were cultured on substrates with a low density of aligned collagen fibrils, the cells showed no preferential orientation. These results suggest that this simple and inexpensive method can provide a general platform to study how simultaneous exposure to topographical and soluble cues influence cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H Lam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Pouriska B Kivanany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA
| | - Kyle Grose
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA
| | - Nihan Yonet-Tanyeri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA
| | - Nesreen Alsmadi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Victor D Varner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA
| | - W Matthew Petroll
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA
| | - David W Schmidtke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA.
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86
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Wang Z, Zhang L, Labib M, Chen H, Wei M, Poudineh M, Green BJ, Duong B, Das J, Ahmed S, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Peptide-Functionalized Nanostructured Microarchitectures Enable Rapid Mechanotransductive Differentiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41030-41037. [PMID: 31600052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironmental factors play critical roles in regulating stem cell fate, providing a rationale to engineer biomimetic microenvironments that facilitate rapid and effective stem cell differentiation. Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical microarchitectures have been developed to enable rapid neural differentiation of multipotent human mesenchymal stromal cells (HMSCs) via mechanotransduction. However, low cell viability during long-term culture and poor cell recovery efficiency from the architectures were also observed. Such problems hinder further applications of the architectures in stem cell differentiation. Here, we present improved 3D nanostructured microarchitectures functionalized with cell-adhesion-promoting arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) peptides. These RGD-functionalized architectures significantly upregulated long-term cell viability and facilitated effective recovery of differentiated cells from the architectures while maintaining high differentiation efficiency. Efficient recovery of highly viable differentiated cells enabled the downstream analysis of morphology and protein expression to be performed. Remarkably, even after the removal of the mechanical stimulus provided by the 3D microarchitectures, the recovered HMSCs showed a neuron-like elongated morphology for 10 days and consistently expressed microtubule-associated protein 2, a mature neural marker. RGD-functionalized nanostructured microarchitectures hold great potential to guide effective differentiation of highly viable stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr., Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G4 , Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G9 , Canada
| | - Libing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Haijie Chen
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr., Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Mingyang Wei
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr., Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Brenda J Green
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G9 , Canada
| | - Bill Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 1A8 , Canada
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr., Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3G9 , Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 3M2 , Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto M5S 1A8 , Canada
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87
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Li M, Fu X, Gao H, Ji Y, Li J, Wang Y. Regulation of an osteon-like concentric microgrooved surface on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Biomaterials 2019; 216:119269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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88
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Esmaeilzadeh P, Groth T. Switchable and Obedient Interfacial Properties That Grant New Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25637-25653. [PMID: 31283160 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toward imitating the natural smartness and responsivity of biological systems, surface interfacial properties are considered to be responsive and tunable if they show a reactive behavior to an environmental stimulus. This is still quite different from many contemporary biomaterials that lack responsiveness to interact with blood and different body tissues in a physiological manner. Meanwhile it is possible to even go one step further from responsiveness to dual-mode switchability and explore "switchable" or "reversible" responses of synthetic materials. We understand "switchable biomaterials" as materials undergoing a stepwise, structural transformation coupled with considerable changes of interfacial and other surface properties as a response to a stimulus. Therewith, a survey on stimuli-induced dynamic changes of charge, wettability, stiffness, topography, porosity, and thickness/swelling is presented here, as potentially powerful new technologies especially for future biomaterial development. Since living cells constantly sense their environment through a variety of surface receptors and other mechanisms, these obedient interfacial properties were particularly discussed regarding their advantageous multifunctionality for protein adsorption and cell adhesion signaling, which may alter in time and with environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Esmaeilzadeh
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Applied Sciences , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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89
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Puliafito A, Ricciardi S, Pirani F, Čermochová V, Boarino L, De Leo N, Primo L, Descrovi E. Driving Cells with Light-Controlled Topographies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801826. [PMID: 31380197 PMCID: PMC6661947 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell-substrate interactions can modulate cellular behaviors in a variety of biological contexts, including development and disease. Light-responsive materials have been recently proposed to engineer active substrates with programmable topographies directing cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. However, current approaches are affected by either fabrication complexity, limitations in the extent of mechanical stimuli, lack of full spatio-temporal control, or ease of use. Here, a platform exploiting light to plastically deform micropatterned polymeric substrates is presented. Topographic changes with remarkable relief depths in the micron range are induced in parallel, by illuminating the sample at once, without using raster scanners. In few tens of seconds, complex topographies are instructed on demand, with arbitrary spatial distributions over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Proof-of-concept data on breast cancer cells and normal kidney epithelial cells are presented. Both cell types adhere and proliferate on substrates without appreciable cell damage upon light-induced substrate deformations. User-provided mechanical stimulation aligns and guides cancer cells along the local deformation direction and constrains epithelial colony growth by biasing cell division orientation. This approach is easy to implement on general-purpose optical microscopy systems and suitable for use in cell biology in a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Puliafito
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO‐IRCCSCandioloTurin10060Italy
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinTurin10060Italy
| | - Serena Ricciardi
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolytechnic University of TurinC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Turin10129Italy
| | - Federica Pirani
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolytechnic University of TurinC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Turin10129Italy
| | - Viktorie Čermochová
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolytechnic University of TurinC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Turin10129Italy
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chemical Technology PragueTechnická3166 28 Praha 6Czech Republic
| | - Luca Boarino
- Quantum Research Labs & Nanofacility Piemonte Nanoscience & Materials DivisionIstituto Nazionale di Ricerca MetrologicaStrada delle Cacce 91Turin10135Italy
| | - Natascia De Leo
- Quantum Research Labs & Nanofacility Piemonte Nanoscience & Materials DivisionIstituto Nazionale di Ricerca MetrologicaStrada delle Cacce 91Turin10135Italy
| | - Luca Primo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO‐IRCCSCandioloTurin10060Italy
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinTurin10060Italy
| | - Emiliano Descrovi
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolytechnic University of TurinC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Turin10129Italy
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90
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Girão AF, Wieringa P, Pinto SC, Marques PAAP, Micera S, van Wezel R, Ahmed M, Truckenmueller R, Moroni L. Ultraviolet Functionalization of Electrospun Scaffolds to Activate Fibrous Runways for Targeting Cell Adhesion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:159. [PMID: 31297371 PMCID: PMC6607108 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical challenge in scaffold design for tissue engineering is recapitulating the complex biochemical patterns that regulate cell behavior in vivo. In this work, we report the adaptation of a standard sterilization methodology-UV irradiation-for patterning the surfaces of two complementary polymeric electrospun scaffolds with oxygen cues able to efficiently immobilize biomolecules. Independently of the different polymer chain length of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymers and PEOT/PBT ratio, it was possible to easily functionalize specific regions of the scaffolds by inducing an optimized and spatially controlled adsorption of proteins capable of boosting the adhesion and spreading of cells along the activated fibrous runways. By allowing an efficient design of cell attachment patterns without inducing any noticeable change on cell morphology nor on the integrity of the electrospun fibers, this procedure offers an affordable and resourceful approach to generate complex biochemical patterns that can decisively complement the functionality of the next generation of tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, TEMA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul Wieringa
- Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Susana C. Pinto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, TEMA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Silvestro Micera
- BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Translational Neural Engineering Laboratory, Center for Neuroprosthetics, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Bioengineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard van Wezel
- Biophysics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and Systems, MedTech Center, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Maqsood Ahmed
- Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmueller
- Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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91
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González-Henríquez CM, Galleguillos-Guzmán SC, Sarabia-Vallejos MA, Santos-Coquillat A, Martínez-Campos E, Rodríguez-Hernández J. Microwrinkled pH-sensitive hydrogel films and their role on the cell adhesion/proliferation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109872. [PMID: 31349409 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, hydrogels based on HEMA and DMAEMA (pH-sensitive monomer) were used to form biocompatible films which present microwrinkled patterns in their surface, with the focus of exploring the role of chemical composition on cell adhesion and proliferation. Three different pH (5.4, 7.4, and 8.3) were employed to prepare these hydrogels. The pre-polymerized hydrogel mixtures were deposited via spin coating, then exposed to vacuum for deswelling the films and finally, to UV-light to spontaneously generate the wrinkled pattern. By following this procedure, is possible to form a thin rigid layer on the top of the soft and incompletely polymerized hydrogel film which generates, in turn, a wrinkled pattern due to strain mismatch in the interface. FE-SEM and AFM micrographs allowed us to characterize the wrinkled pattern dimensions. The results evidenced that chemical composition is directly related to the surface pattern morphologies obtained, not so in the case of pH variation, which does not generate relevant changes in the pattern morphology. Interestingly, these pH variations resulted in significant alterations on the interface-cell interactions. More precisely, a premyoblastic cell monolayer was cultured over the wrinkled pattern, showing an optimal cell proliferation at neutral pH. Also, the variation of DMAEMA amount on the monomer feed composition employed for the preparation of the wrinkle surfaces revealed that a certain amount is required to favor cell attachment and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M González-Henríquez
- Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Química, P.O. Box 9845, Correo 21, Santiago, Chile; Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Susan C Galleguillos-Guzmán
- Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Química, P.O. Box 9845, Correo 21, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio A Sarabia-Vallejos
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Estructural y Geotecnia, P.O. Box 306, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Ingeniería, Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y Médica, P.O. Box 306, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Santos-Coquillat
- Tissue Engineering Group, Instituto de Estudios Biofuncionales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Associated Unit to the ICTP-CSIC Polymer Functionalization Group, Paseo Juan XXIII, N° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Martínez-Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Instituto de Estudios Biofuncionales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Associated Unit to the ICTP-CSIC Polymer Functionalization Group, Paseo Juan XXIII, N° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Hernández
- Polymer Functionalization Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), Departamento de Química Macromolecular Aplicada, Juan de la Cierva N° 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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92
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Zou J, Wang W, Kratz K, Xu X, Nie Y, Ma N, Lendlein A. Evaluation of human mesenchymal stem cell senescence, differentiation and secretion behavior cultured on polycarbonate cell culture inserts. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 70:573-583. [PMID: 30372670 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polycarbonate (PC) substrate is well suited for culturing human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with high proliferation rate, low cell apoptosis rate and negligible cytotoxic effects. However, little is known about the influence of PC on MSC activity including senescence, differentiation and secretion. In this study, the PC cell culture insert was applied for human MSC culture and was compared with polystyrene (PS) and standard tissue culture plate (TCP). The results showed that MSCs were able to adhere on PC surface, exhibiting a spindle-shaped morphology. The size and distribution of focal adhesions of MSCs were similar on PC and TCP. The senescence level of MSCs on PC was comparable to that on TCP, but was significantly lower than that on PS. MSCs on PC were capable of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lineages, including osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. MSCs cultured on PC secreted a higher level inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenic factors including FGF2 and VEGF. Conclusively, PC represents a promising cell culture material for human MSCs.
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93
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Jimenez-Vergara AC, Zurita R, Jones A, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Qu X, Kusima KL, Hahn MS, Munoz-Pinto DJ. Refined assessment of the impact of cell shape on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in 3D contexts. Acta Biomater 2019; 87:166-176. [PMID: 30690208 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) can be modulated by chemical and physical cues. In 2D contexts, inducing different cell morphologies, by varying the shape, area and/or curvature of adhesive islands on patterned surfaces, has significant effects on hMSC multipotency and the onset of differentiation. In contrast, in vitro studies in 3D contexts have suggested that hMSC differentiation does not directly correlate with cell shape. However, in 3D, the effects of cell morphology on hMSC differentiation have not yet been clearly established due to the chemical and physical properties being intertwined in 3D matrices. In this work, we studied the effects of round or elongated cell morphologies on hMSC differentiation independently of scaffold composition, modulus, crosslink density and cell-mediated matrix remodeling. The effects of cell shape on hMSC lineage progression were studied using three different cell culture media compositions and two values of scaffold rigidity. Differences in cell shape were achieved using interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). The mechanical and diffusional properties of the scaffolds and cell-matrix interactions were characterized. In addition, cell responses were evaluated in terms of cell spreading via gene and protein expression of differentiation markers. Cumulative results support, and extend upon previous work indicating that cell shape alone in 3D contexts does not significantly modulate hMSC differentiation, at least for the scaffold chemistry, range of modulus and culture conditions explored in this study. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In 2D contexts, inducing different cell shapes, by varying the curvature, area size and shape of a patterned surface, has significant effects on hMSC multipotency and the onset of cell differentiation. In contrast, in vitro studies in 3D contexts have suggested that hMSC differentiation does not directly correlate with cell shape. However, in 3D, the effects of cell morphology on hMSC differentiation have not yet been clearly established due to the chemical and physical properties being intertwined in 3D matrices. In this work, we studied the effects of round or elongated cell morphologies on the differentiation of hMSCs independently of scaffold composition, modulus, crosslink density and cell mediated matrix remodeling. Cumulative results support, and extend upon previous work indicating that cell shape alone in 3D contexts does not significantly modulate hMSCs differentiation commitment.
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94
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A R, Das M, Balla VK, D D, Sen D, Manivasagam G. Surface engineering of LENS-Ti-6Al-4V to obtain nano- and micro-surface topography for orthopedic application. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 18:157-168. [PMID: 30844575 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Two distinct surface topographies consisting of micro- and nano-surface were developed using laser texturing (LT) and anodization process respectively and their effect on the surface-related properties of Ti-6Al-4V fabricated using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) were determined. The topographies developed using laser texturing (25, 50 and 75% overlap) were examined using 3D profilometer, whereas, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to analyze Titania NanoTubes (TNT) formed using anodization. Though all the surface modified specimens exhibited hydrophilic behavior, least contact angle values were observed for the specimen surface modified with TNT. 25LT and 50LT specimens offered about 8 fold higher corrosion resistance than TNT specimens. All the surface modified samples exhibited non-toxicity to blood cells as well as to the mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with a higher rate of proliferation and differentiation hMSCs observed on 75LT specimens and TNT specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi A
- School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Mitun Das
- CSIR-Central Glass and Research Institute, Kolkata, WB, India; School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Vamsi K Balla
- CSIR-Central Glass and Research Institute, Kolkata, WB, India; School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC), VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Devika D
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, TN, India.
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95
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Worthington KS, Do AV, Smith R, Tucker BA, Salem AK. Two-Photon Polymerization as a Tool for Studying 3D Printed Topography-Induced Stem Cell Fate. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800370. [PMID: 30430755 PMCID: PMC6365162 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Geometric topographies are known to influence cellular differentiation toward specific phenotypes, but to date the range of features and type of substrates that can be easily fabricated to study these interactions is somewhat limited. In this study, an emerging technology, two-photon polymerization, is used to print topological patterns with varying feature-size and thereby study their effect on cellular differentiation. This technique offers rapid manufacturing of topographical surfaces with good feature resolution for shapes smaller than 3 µm. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells, when attached to these substrates or a non-patterned control for 1 week, express an array of genetic markers that suggest their differentiation toward a heterogeneous population of multipotent progenitors from all three germ layers. Compared to the topographically smooth control, small features (1.6 µm) encourage differentiation toward ectoderm while large features (8 µm) inhibit self-renewal. This study demonstrates the potential of using two-photon polymerization to study and control stem cell fate as a function of substrate interactions. The ability to tailor and strategically design biomaterials in this way can enable more precise and efficient generation or maintenance of desired phenotypes in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristan S Worthington
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Anh-Vu Do
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Rasheid Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Budd A Tucker
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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96
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Nanostructured titanium surfaces fabricated by hydrothermal method: Influence of alkali conditions on the osteogenic performance of implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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97
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Amani H, Mostafavi E, Arzaghi H, Davaran S, Akbarzadeh A, Akhavan O, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Webster TJ. Three-Dimensional Graphene Foams: Synthesis, Properties, Biocompatibility, Biodegradability, and Applications in Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:193-214. [PMID: 33405863 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Presently, clinical nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology have impressively demanded the generation of new organic/inorganic analogues of graphene (as one of the intriguing biomedical research targets) for stem-cell-based tissue engineering. Among different shapes of graphene, three-dimensional (3D) graphene foams (GFs) are highly promising candidates to provide conditions for mimicking in vivo environments, affording effective cell attachment, proliferation,and differentiation due to their unique properties. These include the highest biocompatibility among nanostructures, high surface-to-volume ratio, 3D porous structure (to provide a homogeneous/isotropic growth of tissues), highly favorable mechanical characteristics, and rapid mass and electron transport kinetics (which are required for chemical/physical stimulation of differentiated cells). This review aims to describe recent and rapid advances in the fabrication of 3D GFs, together with their use in tissue engineering and regenerative nanomedicine applications. Moreover, we have summarized a broad range of recent studies about the behaviors, biocompatibility/toxicity,and biodegradability of these materials, both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the highlights and challenges of these 3D porous structures, compared to the current polymeric scaffold competitors, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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98
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Engineered systems to study the synergistic signaling between integrin-mediated mechanotransduction and growth factors (Review). Biointerphases 2018; 13:06D302. [DOI: 10.1116/1.5045231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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99
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Poudineh M, Wang Z, Labib M, Ahmadi M, Zhang L, Das J, Ahmed S, Angers S, Kelley SO. Three-Dimensional Nanostructured Architectures Enable Efficient Neural Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Mechanotransduction. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7188-7193. [PMID: 30335391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell morphology and geometry affect cellular processes such as stem cell differentiation, suggesting that these parameters serve as fundamental regulators of biological processes within the cell. Hierarchical architectures featuring micro- and nanotopographical features therefore offer programmable systems for stem cell differentiation. However, a limited number of studies have explored the effects of hierarchical architectures due to the complexity of fabricating systems with rationally tunable micro- and nanostructuring. Here, we report three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured microarchitectures that efficiently regulate the fate of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). These nanostructured architectures strongly promote cell alignment and efficient neurogenic differentiation where over 85% of hMSCs express microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), a mature neural marker, after 7 days of culture on the nanostructured surface. Remarkably, we found that the surface morphology of nanostructured surface is a key factor that promotes neurogenesis and that highly spiky structures promote more efficient neuronal differentiation. Immunostaining and gene expression profiling revealed significant upregulation of neuronal markers compared to unpatterned surfaces. These findings suggest that the 3D nanostructured microarchitectures can play a critical role in defining stem cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Moloud Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Libing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Stephane Angers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 3M2 , Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , M5S 1A8 , Canada
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100
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Xu T, Yao Q, Miszuk JM, Sanyour HJ, Hong Z, Sun H, Fong H. Tailoring weight ratio of PCL/PLA in electrospun three-dimensional nanofibrous scaffolds and the effect on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:31-39. [PMID: 30005288 PMCID: PMC6174100 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds as artificial ECMs have been extensively studied to mimic the critical features of natural ECMs. To develop more clinically relevant 3D scaffolds, electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with different weight ratios of PCL/PLA (i.e., 100/0, 60/40, and 20/80) were fabricated via the thermally induced (nanofiber) self-agglomeration (TISA) method. The hypothesis was that, with the weight ratio increase of stiffer and more bioactive PLA in the 3D PCL/PLA blend scaffolds, the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) would be enhanced. The results indicated that, all of the 3D scaffolds were elastic/resilient and possessed interconnected and hierarchical pores with sizes from sub-microns to ∼300 μm; therefore, the morphological structures of these scaffolds were similar to those of natural ECMs. The PLA80 scaffolds exhibited the best overall properties in terms of density, porosity, water absorption capacity, mechanical properties, bioactivity, and cell viability. Furthermore, with increasing the PLA weight ratio, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and gene expression level were also increased, probably due to the improved stiffness/bioactivity of scaffold. Hence, the novel 3D electrospun PLA80 nanofibrous scaffold might be desired/favorable for the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Program of Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Qingqing Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Jacob M Miszuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Hanna J Sanyour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Zhongkui Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA.
| | - Hao Fong
- Program of Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA.
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