151
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Mota T, Paffhausen B, Menzel R. Chromatic processing and receptive-field structure in neurons of the anterior optic tract of the honeybee brain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310282. [PMID: 39264932 PMCID: PMC11392409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Color vision in honeybees is a well-documented perceptual phenomenon including multiple behavioral tests of trichromaticity and color opponency. Data on the combined color/space properties of high order visual neurons in the bee brain is however limited. Here we fill this gap by analyzing the activity of neurons in the anterior optic tract (AOT), a high order brain region suggested to be involved in chromatic processing. The spectral response properties of 72 units were measured using UV, blue and green light stimuli presented in 266 positions of the visual field. The majority of these units comprise combined chromatic-spatial processing properties. We found eight different neuron categories in terms of their spectral, spatial and temporal response properties. Color-opponent neurons, the most abundant neural category in the AOT, present large receptive fields and activity patterns that were typically opponent between UV and blue or green, particularly during the on-tonic response phase. Receptive field shapes and activity patterns of these color processing neurons are more similar between blue and green, than between UV and blue or green. We also identified intricate spatial antagonism and double spectral opponency in some receptive fields of color-opponent units. Stimulation protocols with different color combinations applied to 21 AOT units allowed us to uncover additional levels of spectral antagonism and hidden inhibitory inputs, even in some units that were initially classified as broad-band neurons based in their responses to single spectral lights. The results are discussed in the context of floral color discrimination and celestial spectral gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Mota
- Institute of Biology, Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Benjamin Paffhausen
- Institute of Biology, Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Randolf Menzel
- Institute of Biology, Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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152
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Wannassi T, Sayadi A, Abbes K, Djebbi S, Naccache C, Khemakhem MM, Chermiti B. Prevalence of Wolbachia infection in field natural population of the apricot seed wasp Eurytoma samsonowi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae). Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00593-9. [PMID: 39264544 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Obligate endosymbiont bacteria associated with insects are naturally providing their hosts with essential nutrients such as vitamins and amino acids and biological services including protection from pathogens. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of Wolbachia infection among males and females of the parasitic apricot seed wasp (ASW) Eurytoma samsonowi Vassiliev (Vassiliev Petrograd 11: 1-15, 1915) (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), a very harmful pest of apricot (Prunus armeniaca), in the oasis of Gafsa, Southern-West of Tunisia. The detection of Wolbachia infection was assessed based on the amplification of the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) gene and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) as a universal genotyping tool for Wolbachia involving the analyses of genes gatB, coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsz. Confirming the screening results, Wolbachia was detected in the natural apricot wasp for the first time, with a significant difference between males (5%) and females (59%) based on wsp gene. All Wolbachia strains identified in E. samsonowi were clustered among supergroups B of Wolbachia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takwa Wannassi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Plant Protection, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed Sayadi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Plant Protection, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Abbes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Plant Protection, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salma Djebbi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chahnez Naccache
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mezghani Khemakhem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Brahim Chermiti
- Department of Biological Sciences and Plant Protection, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
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153
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Takii R, Fujimoto M, Pandey A, Jaiswal K, Shearwin-Whyatt L, Grutzner F, Nakai A. HSF1 is required for cellular adaptation to daily temperature fluctuations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21361. [PMID: 39266731 PMCID: PMC11393418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a universal mechanism of cellular adaptation to elevated temperatures and is regulated by heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) or HSF3 in vertebrate endotherms, such as humans, mice, and chickens. We here showed that HSF1 and HSF3 from egg-laying mammals (monotremes), with a low homeothermic capacity, equally possess a potential to maximally induce the HSR, whereas either HSF1 or HSF3 from birds have this potential. Therefore, we focused on cellular adaptation to daily temperature fluctuations and found that HSF1 was required for the proliferation and survival of human cells under daily temperature fluctuations. The ectopic expression of vertebrate HSF1 proteins, but not HSF3 proteins, restored the resistance in HSF1-null cells, regardless of the induction of heat shock proteins. This function was associated with the up-regulation of specific HSF1-target genes. These results indicate the distinct role of HSF1 in adaptation to thermally fluctuating environments and suggest association of homeothermic capacity with functional diversification of vertebrate HSF genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Takii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Fujimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Akanksha Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kritika Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Linda Shearwin-Whyatt
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Frank Grutzner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Akira Nakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.
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154
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Ashok K, Nagaraja Bhargava C, Venkatesh R, Balasubramani V, Murugan M, Geethalakshmi V, Manamohan M, Kumar Jha G, Asokan R. Molecular characterization and CRISPR/Cas9 validation of the precursor of egg yolk protein gene, vitellogenin of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Gene 2024; 933:148925. [PMID: 39277149 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg), a yolk protein precursor, plays an important role in the oocyte development of insects and is an important target of genetic pest management. Vg is synthesized in the fat body, transported through haemolymph and accumulates in developing oocytes. In this regard, the eggplant shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is the major pest in South and South East Asia and a serious concern for farmers. Therefore, in the present study, we have cloned and characterized Vg from L. orbonalis (LoVg) for further applications. The cloned Vg consisted of 5,370 base pairs encoding 1,790 amino acid residues long protein. Further, sequence alignment revealed that LoVg has three conserved domains: a Vitellogenin N domain (LPD-N), a domain of unknown function protein families (DUF1943), and a von Willebrand factor type D domain (VWD). Using phylogenetic analysis, it was found that LoVg evolved alongside homologous proteins from different insects. The real-time expression levels of LoVg were significantly greater in female adults followed by the pupal stage. This suggests that Vg production and absorption in L. orbonalis occurs in the later pupal stage. Our studies showed that editing LoVg using CRISPR/Cas9 did not affect the total number of eggs laid but affected egg hatchability. These studies help us to design newer approaches in insect pest management through genetic suppression for sustainable pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppannasamy Ashok
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chikmagalur Nagaraja Bhargava
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajendran Venkatesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Karnataka, India
| | - Venkatasamy Balasubramani
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Murugan
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vellingiri Geethalakshmi
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maligeppagol Manamohan
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Girish Kumar Jha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramasamy Asokan
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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155
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Veber B, do Amaral Flores M, Lehmann M, da Rosa CE, Hoff MLM. Mutagenicity of the agriculture pesticide chlorothalonil assessed by somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2024. [PMID: 39262276 DOI: 10.1002/em.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Chlorothalonil (CTL) is a pesticide widely used in Brazil, yet its mutagenic potential is not fully determined. Thus, we assessed the mutagenicity of CTL and its bioactivation metabolites using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster, by exposing individuals, with basal and high bioactivation capacities (standard and high bioactivation cross offspring, respectively), from third instar larval to early adult fly stages, to CTL-contaminated substrate (0.25, 1, 10 or 20 μM). This substrate served as food and as physical medium. Increased frequency of large single spots in standard cross flies' wings exposed to 0.25 μM indicates that, if CTL is genotoxic, it may affect Drosophila at early life stages. Since the total spot frequency did not change, CTL cannot be considered mutagenic in SMART. The same long-term exposure design was performed to test whether CTL induces oxidative imbalance in flies with basal (wild-type, WT) or high bioactivation (ORR strain) levels. CTL did not alter reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals levels in adult flies. However, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were increased in WT male flies exposed to 1 μM CTL. SMART and LPO alterations were observed only in flies with basal bioactivation levels, pointing to direct CTL toxicity to DNA and lipids. Survival, emergence and locomotor behavior were not affected, indicating no bias due to lethality, developmental and behavioral impairment. We suggest that, if related to CTL exposure, DNA and lipid damages may be residual damage of earlier life stages of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Veber
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)-Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariana do Amaral Flores
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética - TOXIGEN, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lehmann
- Laboratório de Toxicidade Genética - TOXIGEN, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)-Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)-Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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156
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Buczkowski G, Wossler T. Fipronil-infused sodium polyacrylate gels provide effective management of Argentine ants in conservation areas. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39264125 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various types of hydrogel compounds have recently been developed for controlling invasive and pest ants in a range of environmental settings including agricultural, urban and natural areas. The current study evaluated the potential of sodium polyacrylate (ACR) hydrogels to effectively deliver liquid baits to Argentine ants. RESULTS Relative to standard polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels, individual ACR hydrogel particles were approximately five-fold heavier; this may affect how ants interact with the bait particles, and further influence bait uptake and efficacy. Additionally, ACR hydrogels had significantly higher water absorption capacity and significantly slower rate of water loss, especially during the first 2 h. The efficacy of ACR hydrogel bait containing 0.005% fipronil and various attractants was evaluated on laboratory colonies. Results demonstrated that ACR hydrogel acceptance is significantly increased by the addition of feeding attractants. In addition, a field trial was performed in a nature reserve invaded by Argentine ants to evaluate the efficacy of ACR hydrogel bait. The field trial demonstrated that ACR hydrogel bait containing 0.005% fipronil with various attractants is highly effective and that ant densities throughout the baited plots declined by >99% within 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that: (i) fipronil is highly effective for Argentine ant control in natural areas when used in low concentrations (0.005%); (ii) ACR hydrogels are an effective tool for delivering liquid baits to Argentine ants; and (iii) hydrogel baits augmented with various attractants including salt, protein and pheromone are highly attractive to Argentine ants. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theresa Wossler
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
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157
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Dáder B, Magaña AJ, Pascual-Villalobos MJ, Moreno A, Fereres A, Viñuela E. Compatibility of Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) with nanoformulations of natural active substances. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae201. [PMID: 39267455 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Nanoformulations of essential oils (EOs) improve stability of the active ingredient, and thereby its biological activity and persistence. Because compatibility of EOs with natural enemies is not explored sufficiently, we evaluated the impact of nanoformulations of EOs (aniseed, lemon) or pure products (farnesol) on different activities of the generalist predator Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). In dual choice bioassay, chrysopid larvae were significantly attracted to aniseed-treated pepper disks and deterred by farnesol. Larval activities (resting, walking, and preying) on treated leaves infested with Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were compared. There were no differences among nanoemulsions, nor aphid consumption varied. We studied the toxicity of nanoformulations to larvae and evaluated their development after contact with treated leaf disks, ingestion of treated artificial diet, and both routes of exposure (application of biopesticides on aphid-infested plants). This is the first evidence of the compatibility of EO nanoformulations with C. carnea by single route of exposure. Whether any effect appeared, it was sublethal. Compounds significantly reduced aphid consumption after 6 h on double route exposure, but this negative short-term effect disappeared as time progressed. Our results showed the optimal biopesticide to apply depends on which biological feature of the natural enemy we targeted. The key element to introduce these nanoemulsions is to match their persistence period on the crop with the release of the appropriate biological stage of C. carnea. This reinforces the fact that the main activities of C. carnea can be substantially maintained in joint application with nanoemulsions of EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Dáder
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Magaña
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aránzazu Moreno
- Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Control de Insectos Vectores bajo sistemas de Agricultura Sostenible (IVAS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Control de Insectos Vectores bajo sistemas de Agricultura Sostenible (IVAS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Viñuela
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Control de Insectos Vectores bajo sistemas de Agricultura Sostenible (IVAS), Madrid, Spain
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158
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Mérida-Torres NM, Garay-Serrano E, Cruz-Esteban S. Effect of variation in plant-emitted volatiles on the infestation behavior of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in strawberry crops. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s10493-024-00963-y. [PMID: 39266799 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, and the Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), are pests commonly found in strawberry crops and pose significant challenges to production. However, the specific dynamics of their interactions with both healthy and infested plants remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the attraction of TSSM and WFT to volatile compounds emitted by healthy plants versus those of plants damaged by either or both species. Plant choice bioassays were conducted under varying conditions, including both healthy and those previously damaged by both TSSM and WFT. Additionally, behavioral tests were carried out using a Y-tube olfactometer, with extracts obtained via dynamic aeration from the plants in different states. The results revealed distinct preferences: TSSM exhibited a strong attraction to both healthy plants and those previously infested by their own specifics, whereas WFT showed a higher preference for healthy plants and those damaged by TSSM. Consistent behaviors were observed in the bioassays conducted with plant extracts. This research sheds light on the intricate interactions between strawberry plants and these pests and offers insights into the probable sequence of attack when both pests are present concurrently. The findings are valuable when implementing management strategies for these two pests in strawberry cultivation, considering the order in which they appear in the crop to help mitigate the damage caused by infestation in a more precise manner and order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neby M Mérida-Torres
- Departamento de Agricultura, Grupo de Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula, Chiapas, 30700, México
| | - Edith Garay-Serrano
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío, Red de Diversidad Biológica del Occidente Mexicano, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas 253, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, 61600, México
- CONAHCYT, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 1582, Ciudad de México, 03940, México
| | - Samuel Cruz-Esteban
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío, Red de Diversidad Biológica del Occidente Mexicano, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas 253, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, 61600, México.
- CONAHCYT, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 1582, Ciudad de México, 03940, México.
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159
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Jonusaite S, Himmerkus N. Paracellular barriers: Advances in assessing their contribution to renal epithelial function. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024:111741. [PMID: 39276851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of salt and water balance occupies a dominant role in the physiology of many animals and often relies on the function of the renal system. In the mammalian kidney, epithelial ion and water transport requires high degree of coordination between the transcellular and paracellular pathways, the latter being defined by the intercellular tight junctions (TJs). TJs seal the paracellular pathway in a highly specialized manner, either by forming a barrier against the passage of solutes and/or water or by allowing the passage of ions and/or water through them. This functional TJ plasticity is now known to be provided by the members of the claudin family of tetraspan proteins. Unlike mammalian nephron, the renal structures of insects, the Malpighian tubules, lack TJs and instead have smooth septate junctions (sSJs) as paracellular barrier forming junctions. Many questions regarding the molecular and functional properties of sSJs remain open but research on model species have begun to inform our understanding. The goal of this commentary is to highlight key concepts and most recent findings that have emerged from the molecular and functional dissection of paracellular barriers in the mammalian and insect renal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Jonusaite
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Nina Himmerkus
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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160
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Zhang B, Ma Y, Duan W, Fan Q, Sun J. Pinewood nematode induced changes in the assembly process of gallery microbiomes benefit its vector beetle's development. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0141224. [PMID: 39258937 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01412-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes play crucial roles in insect adaptation, especially under stress such as pathogen invasion. Yet, how beneficial microbiomes assemble remains unclear. The wood-boring beetle Monochamus alternatus, a major pest and vector of the pine wilt disease (PWD) nematode, offers a unique model. We conducted controlled experiments using amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA and ITS) within galleries where beetles and microbes interact. PWD significantly altered bacterial and fungal communities, suggesting distinct assembly processes. Deterministic factors like priority effects, host selection, and microbial interactions shaped microbiome composition, distinguishing healthy from PWN-infected galleries. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Ophiostomataceae emerged as potentially beneficial, aiding beetle's development and pathogen resistance. This study unveils how nematode-induced changes in gallery microbiomes influence beetle's development, shedding light on microbiome assembly amid insect-pathogen interactions. Insights gleaned enhance understanding of PWD spread and suggest novel management strategies via microbiome manipulation.IMPORTANCEThis study explores the assembly process of gallery microbiomes associated with a wood-boring beetles, Monochamus alternatus, a vector of the pine wilt disease (PWD). By conducting controlled comparison experiments and employing amplicon approaches, the study reveals significant changes in taxonomic composition and functional adaptation of bacterial and fungal communities induced by PWD. It identifies deterministic processes, including priority effects, host selection, and microbial interactions, as major drivers in microbiome assembly. Additionally, the study highlights the presence of potentially beneficial microbes such as Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Ophiostomataceae, which could enhance beetle development and resistance to pathogens. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay among insects, microbiomes, and pathogens, contributing to a deeper understanding of PWD prevalence and suggesting innovative management strategies through microbiome manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yafei Ma
- College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Wenzhao Duan
- College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Qi Fan
- College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jianghua Sun
- College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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161
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Nonkhwao S, Leaokittikul D, Patramanon R, Jangpromma N, Daduang J, Daduang S. Revealing the pH-dependent conformational changes in sol g 2.1 protein and potential ligands binding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21179. [PMID: 39261547 PMCID: PMC11391043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sol g 2, a major protein found in the venom of the tropical fire ant (Solenopsis geminata), is well-known for its ability to bind various hydrophobic molecules. In this study, we investigate the binding activity of recombinant Sol g 2.1 protein (rSol g 2.1) with potential molecules, including (E)-β-Farnesene, α-Caryophyllene, and 1-Octen-3-ol at different pH levels (pH 7.4 and 5.5) using fluorescence competitive binding assays (FCBA). Our results revealed that Sol g 2.1 protein has higher affinity binding with these ligands at neutral pH. Relevance to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to provide insights into the stability and conformational dynamics of Sol g 2.1 and its ligand complexes. After simulation, we found that Sol g 2.1 protein has higher affinity binding with these ligands as well as high structural stability at pH 7.4 than at an acidic pH level, indicating by RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, the Sol g 2.1 protein complexes at pH 7.4 showed significantly lower binding free energy (∆Gbind) and higher total residue contributions, particularly from key non-polar amino acids such as Trp36, Met40, Cys62, and Ile104, compared to the lower pH environment. These explain why they exhibited higher binding affinity than the lower pH. Therefore, we suggested that Sol g 2.1 protein is a pH-responsive carrier protein. These findings also expand our understanding of protein-ligand interactions and offer potential avenues for the development of innovative drug delivery strategies targeting Sol g 2.1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Nonkhwao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Rina Patramanon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nisachon Jangpromma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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162
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Gömer A, Lang A, Janshoff S, Steinmann J, Steinmann E. Epidemiology and global spread of emerging tick-borne Alongshan virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024:2404271. [PMID: 39259276 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2404271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of novel viral pathogens is a major threat to human health, particularly in the context of climate and human-induced change in land use. Alongshan virus (ALSV) is a tick-borne virus associated with human disease, which was first identified in northeast China. More recently, several studies reported the emergence of ALSV in mammalian and arthropod hosts in multiple different countries outside of Asia, and the first viral genome sequencing data has become available. ALSV is a member of the Jingmenvirus group closely related to the Flaviviridae family. Unusually, the positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome of ASLV is segmented and consists of four distinct segments, two of which show homology with the NS3 and NS5 protein encoding regions of non-segmented flaviviruses. Transmission of arthropod-borne pathogens will likely increase in the future due to environmental change mediated by a variety of environmental and ecological factors and increasing human encroachment into wild animal habitats. In this review, we present current knowledge of global ALSV distribution and emergence patterns, highlight genetic diversity, evolution and susceptible species. Finally, we discuss the role of this emerging tick-borne virus in the context of urbanization and global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Gömer
- Department for Molecular und Medical Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Arthur Lang
- Institute of Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Infectiology, General Hospital Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Janshoff
- Department for Molecular und Medical Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Joerg Steinmann
- Institute of Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Infectiology, General Hospital Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department for Molecular und Medical Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Zhu X, Yang Y, Li Q, Li J, Du L, Zhou Y, Jin H, Song L, Chen Q, Ren B. An expanded odorant-binding protein mediates host cue detection in the parasitic wasp Baryscapus dioryctriae basis of the chromosome-level genome assembly analysis. BMC Biol 2024; 22:196. [PMID: 39256805 PMCID: PMC11389331 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baryscapus dioryctriae (Chalcidodea: Eulophidae) is a parasitic wasp that parasitizes the pupae of many Pyralidae members and has been used as a biological control agent against Dioryctria pests of pinecones. RESULTS This B. dioryctriae assembly has a genome size of 485.5 Mb with a contig N50 of 2.17 Mb, and scaffolds were assembled onto six chromosomes using Hi-C analysis, significantly increasing the scaffold N50 to 91.17 Mb, with more than 96.13% of the assembled bases located on chromosomes, and an analysis revealed that 94.73% of the BUSCO gene set. A total of 54.82% (279.27 Mb) of the assembly was composed of repetitive sequences and 24,778 protein-coding genes were identified. Comparative genomic analysis demonstrated that the chemosensory perception, genetic material synthesis, and immune response pathways were primarily enriched in the expanded genes. Moreover, the functional characteristics of an odorant-binding protein (BdioOBP45) with ovipositor-biased expression identified from the expanded olfactory gene families were investigated by the fluorescence competitive binding and RNAi assays, revealing that BdioOBP45 primarily binds to the D. abietella-induced volatile compounds, suggesting that this expanded OBP is likely involved in locating female wasp hosts and highlighting a direction for future research. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this work not only provides new genomic sequences for the Hymenoptera systematics, but also the high-quality chromosome-level genome of B. dioryctriae offers a valuable foundation for studying the molecular, evolutionary, and parasitic processes of parasitic wasps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qiuyao Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jing Li
- Research Institute of Forest Protection, Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Lin Du
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yanhan Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hongbo Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Liwen Song
- Research Institute of Forest Protection, Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory for Biological Control of Agricultural Pests, Changchun, China.
| | - Bingzhong Ren
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory for Biological Control of Agricultural Pests, Changchun, China.
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164
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Zhu J, Chen J, Liu Y, Xu X, Champer J. Population suppression with dominant female-lethal alleles is boosted by homing gene drive. BMC Biol 2024; 22:201. [PMID: 39256812 PMCID: PMC11389273 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-02004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methods to suppress pest insect populations using genetic constructs and repeated releases of male homozygotes have recently been shown to be an attractive alternative to older sterile insect techniques based on radiation. Female-specific lethal alleles have substantially increased power, but still require large, sustained transgenic insect releases. Gene drive alleles bias their own inheritance to spread throughout populations, potentially allowing population suppression with a single, small-size release. However, suppression drives often suffer from efficiency issues, and the most well-studied type, homing drives, tend to spread without limit. RESULTS In this study, we show that coupling female-specific lethal alleles with homing gene drive allowed substantial improvement in efficiency while still retaining the self-limiting nature (and thus confinement) of a lethal allele strategy. Using a mosquito model, we show the required release sizes for population elimination in a variety of scenarios, including different density growth curves, with comparisons to other systems. Resistance alleles reduced the power of this method, but these could be overcome by targeting an essential gene with the drive while also providing rescue. A proof-of-principle demonstration of this system in Drosophila melanogaster was effective in both biasing its inheritance and achieving high lethality among females that inherit the construct in the absence of antibiotic. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study shows that substantial improvements can be achieved in female-specific lethal systems for population suppression by combining them with various types of gene drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhu
- Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingheng Chen
- Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xuejiao Xu
- Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jackson Champer
- Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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165
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Ouyang B, True AC, Crimaldi JP, Ermentrout B. Simple olfactory navigation in air and water. J Theor Biol 2024; 595:111941. [PMID: 39260736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Two simple algorithms based on combining odor concentration differences across time and space along with information on the flow direction are tested for their ability to locate an odor source in four different odor landscapes. Image data taken from air plumes in three different regimes and a water plume are used as test environments for a bilateral ("stereo sampling") algorithm using concentration differences across two sensors and a "casting" algorithm that uses successive samples to decide orientation. Agents are started at random locations and orientations in the landscape and allowed to move until they reach the source of the odor (success) or leave the imaged area (failure). Parameters for the algorithm are chosen to optimize success and to minimize path length to the source. Success rates over 90% are consistently obtained with path lengths that can be as low as twice the starting distance from the source in air and four times the distance in the highly turbulent water plumes. We find that parameters that optimize success often lead to more exploratory pathways to the source. Information about the direction from which the odor is coming is necessary for successful navigation in the water plume and reduces the path length in the three tested air plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Ouyang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America.
| | - Aaron C True
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States of America.
| | - John P Crimaldi
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States of America.
| | - Bard Ermentrout
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America.
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166
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Paoli M, Giurfa M. Pesticides and pollinator brain: How do neonicotinoids affect the central nervous system of bees? Eur J Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39258341 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids represent over a quarter of the global pesticide market. Research on their environmental impact has revealed their adverse effect on the cognitive functions of pollinators, in particular of bees. Cognitive impairments, mostly revealed by behavioural studies, are the phenotypic expression of an alteration in the underlying neural circuits, a matter deserving greater attention. Here, we reviewed studies on the impact of field-relevant doses of neonicotinoids on the neurophysiology and neurodevelopment of bees. In particular, we focus on their olfactory system as much knowledge has been gained on the different brain areas that participate in odour processing. Recent studies have revealed the detrimental effects of neonicotinoids at multiple levels of the olfactory system, including modulation of odorant-induced activity in olfactory sensory neurons, diminished neural responses in the antennal lobe (the first olfactory processing centre) and abnormal development of the neural connectivity within the mushroom bodies (central neuropils involved in multisensory integration, learning and memory storage, among others). Given the importance of olfactory perception for multiple aspects of bee biology, the reported disruption of the olfactory circuit, which can occur even upon exposure to sublethal doses of neonicotinoids, has severe consequences at both individual and colony levels. Moreover, the effects reported for a multimodal structure such as the mushroom bodies indicate that neonicotinoids' impact translates to other sensory domains. Assessing the impact of field-relevant doses of pesticides on bee neurophysiology is crucial for understanding how neonicotinoids influence their behaviour in ecological contexts and for defining effective and sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paoli
- Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Martin Giurfa
- Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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167
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Sugiyama R, Moriyama M, Koga R, Fukatsu T. Host range of naturally and artificially evolved symbiotic bacteria for a specific host insect. mBio 2024; 15:e0134224. [PMID: 39082826 PMCID: PMC11389372 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01342-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diverse insects are intimately associated with specific symbiotic bacteria, where host and symbiont are integrated into an almost inseparable biological entity. These symbiotic bacteria usually exhibit host specificity, uncultivability, reduced genome size, and other peculiar traits relevant to their symbiotic lifestyle. How host-symbiont specificity is established at the very beginning of symbiosis is of interest but poorly understood. To gain insight into the evolutionary issue, we adopted an experimental approach using the recently developed evolutionary model of symbiosis between the stinkbug Plautia stali and Escherichia coli. Based on the laboratory evolution of P. stali-E. coli mutualism, we selected ΔcyaA mutant of E. coli as an artificial symbiont of P. stali that has established mutualism by a single mutation. In addition, we selected a natural cultivable symbiont of P. stali of relatively recent evolutionary origin. These artificial and natural symbiotic bacteria of P. stali were experimentally inoculated to symbiont-deprived newborn nymphs of diverse stinkbug species. Strikingly, the mutualistic E. coli was unable to establish infection and support growth and survival of all the stinkbug species except for P. stali, uncovering that host specificity can be established at a very early stage of symbiotic evolution. Meanwhile, the natural symbiont was able to establish infection and support growth and survival of several stinkbug species in addition to P. stali, unveiling that a broader host range of the symbiont has evolved in nature. Based on these findings, we discuss what factors are relevant to the establishment of host specificity in the evolution of symbiosis.IMPORTANCEHow does host-symbiont specificity emerge at the very beginning of symbiosis? This question is difficult to address because it is generally difficult to directly observe the onset of symbiosis. However, recent development of experimental evolutionary approaches to symbiosis has brought about a breakthrough. Here we tackled this evolutionary issue using a symbiotic Escherichia coli created in laboratory and a natural Pantoea symbiont, which are both mutualistic to the stinkbug Plautia stali. We experimentally replaced essential symbiotic bacteria of diverse stinkbugs with the artificial and natural symbionts of P. stali and evaluated whether the symbiotic bacteria, which evolved for a specific host, can establish infection and support the growth and survival of heterospecific hosts. Strikingly, the artificial symbiont showed strict host specificity to P. stali, whereas the natural symbiont was capable of symbiosis with diverse stinkbugs, which provide insight into how host-symbiont specificity can be established at early evolutionary stages of symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuga Sugiyama
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Moriyama
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Koga
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takema Fukatsu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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168
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Xu L, Ren C, Qiang P, Zhao M, Wen X, Li J, Dou W, Feng K, He L. Differences in Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Binding Mediate Selectivity of Bifenazate toward Phytophagous and Predatory Mites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19699-19709. [PMID: 39190753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Bifenazate, a potent acaricide that targets mitochondrial complex III, exhibits selective toxicity (>280-fold) toward phytophagous mites versus predatory mites. Here, a systematic study was conducted to clarify the selective mechanism. Nontarget factors were excluded through epidermal penetration tests and assessment of detoxification enzymes' activities. Quantification of IC50 values, ATP content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels revealed that differences in drug-target binding determine the toxicity selectivity. Structural modeling and molecular docking revealed that variations in key amino acid sites within the cytochrome b (cytb) target might regulate this selectivity, which was validated through a microscale thermophoresis assay. Significant disparities were observed in the binding affinity between bifenazate and recombinant cytb proteins derived from phytophagous mites and predatory mites. Mutating isoleucine 139 to leucine notably reduced the binding affinity of bifenazate to cytb. Insights into bifenazate selectivity between phytophagous and predatory mites inform a basis for developing compounds that target cytochrome b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Changwei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Peipei Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Kaiyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, Ministry of Education, 400715 Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, 400712 Chongqing, China
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169
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Moore LD, Chris Amuwa T, Shaw SR, Ballinger MJ. Drosophila are hosts to the first described parasitoid wasp of adult flies. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07919-7. [PMID: 39261731 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Parasitoid wasps are exceptionally diverse and use specialized adaptations capable of manipulating the physiology and behaviour of host organisms1. In more than two centuries since the first records of Drosophila-parasitizing wasps, nearly 200 described and provisional parasitoid species of drosophilids have been identified2. These include endoparasitoids and ectoparasitoids, as well as species attacking larval and pupal hosts3. Despite a deep history of research attention and remarkable biodiversity, a wasp species that attacks and develops inside the adult stage of a fly host has not been described previously. Here we report the discovery of a wasp species that infects the adult stage of fruit flies in the genus Drosophila, including one of the most deeply studied model organisms in biology, Drosophila melanogaster. Notably, this wasp can be easily collected from backyard fly baits and has a broad geographic distribution throughout the eastern USA. We document its life history and unique host interactions, including egg-laying into and larval emergence from adult flies, and provide protocols to raise wasps from wild-caught host flies. Our results emphasize the need for ongoing research investment in insect biodiversity and systematics. As parasitoid research continues to uncover unusual biology and supports fundamental mechanistic insights into immunity4, metabolism5, ecology6, evolution7-9 and behaviour10-12, we anticipate that this wasp's association with the laboratory model organism, D. melanogaster, will provide new research opportunities across the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan D Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
| | - Toluwanimi Chris Amuwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Scott Richard Shaw
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Matthew J Ballinger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
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170
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Barr JS, Martin LE, Tate AT, Hillyer JF. Warmer environmental temperature accelerates aging in mosquitoes, decreasing longevity and worsening infection outcomes. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:61. [PMID: 39261928 PMCID: PMC11389126 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most insects are poikilotherms and ectotherms, so their body temperature is predicated by environmental temperature. With climate change, insect body temperature is rising, which affects how insects develop, survive, and respond to infection. Aging also affects insect physiology by deteriorating body condition and weakening immune proficiency via senescence. Aging is usually considered in terms of time, or chronological age, but it can also be conceptualized in terms of body function, or physiological age. We hypothesized that warmer temperature decouples chronological and physiological age in insects by accelerating senescence. To investigate this, we reared the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, at 27 °C, 30 °C and 32 °C, and measured survival starting at 1-, 5-, 10- and 15-days of adulthood after no manipulation, injury, or a hemocoelic infection with Escherichia coli or Micrococcus luteus. Then, we measured the intensity of an E. coli infection to determine how the interaction between environmental temperature and aging shapes a mosquito's response to infection. RESULTS We demonstrate that longevity declines when a mosquito is infected with bacteria, mosquitoes have shorter lifespans when the temperature is warmer, older mosquitoes are more likely to die, and warmer temperature marginally accelerates the aging-dependent decline in survival. Furthermore, we discovered that E. coli infection intensity increases when the temperature is warmer and with aging, and that warmer temperature accelerates the aging-dependent increase in infection intensity. Finally, we uncovered that warmer temperature affects both bacterial and mosquito physiology. CONCLUSIONS Warmer environmental temperature accelerates aging in mosquitoes, negatively affecting both longevity and infection outcomes. These findings have implications for how insects will serve as pollinators, agricultural pests, and disease vectors in our warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn S Barr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lindsay E Martin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ann T Tate
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julián F Hillyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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171
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Tong D, Wu F, Chen X, Du Z, Zhou J, Zhang J, Yang Y, Du A, Ma G. The mrp-3 gene is involved in haem efflux and detoxification in a blood-feeding nematode. BMC Biol 2024; 22:199. [PMID: 39256727 PMCID: PMC11389519 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-02001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haem is essential but toxic for metazoan organisms. Auxotrophic nematodes can acquire sufficient haem from the environment or their hosts in the meanwhile eliminate or detoxify excessive haem through tightly controlled machinery. In previous work, we reported a role of the unique transporter protein HRG-1 in the haem acquisition and homeostasis of parasitic nematodes. However, little is known about the haem efflux and detoxification via ABC transporters, particularly the multiple drug resistance proteins (MRPs). RESULTS Here, we further elucidate that a member of the mrp family (mrp-3) is involved in haem efflux and detoxification in a blood-feeding model gastrointestinal parasite, Haemonchus contortus. This gene is haem-responsive and dominantly expressed in the intestine and inner membrane of the hypodermis of this parasite. RNA interference of mrp-3 resulted in a disturbance of genes (e.g. hrg-1, hrg-2 and gst-1) that are known to be involved in haem homeostasis and an increased formation of haemozoin in the treated larvae and lethality in vitro, particularly when exposed to exogenous haem. Notably, the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-14 appears to be associated the regulation of mrp-3 expression for haem homeostasis and detoxification. Gene knockdown of nhr-14 and/or mrp-3 increases the sensitivity of treated larvae to exogenous haem and consequently a high death rate (> 80%). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that MRP-3 and the associated molecules are essential for haematophagous nematodes, suggesting novel intervention targets for these pathogens in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Tong
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqiu Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhendong Du
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingru Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingju Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aifang Du
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangxu Ma
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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172
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Zhang XY, Han WH, Zhang FB, Wang JX, Liu SS, Wang XW. Attraction of Nicotiana benthamiana to Bemisia tabaci is related to a chemical signal in plant volatile, undecane. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39258464 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is one of the world's foremost agricultural pests. Recently, we found that a wild relative of tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) demonstrates remarkable attractiveness and nearly 100% lethality towards whiteflies. Therefore, it can act as a dead-end trap crop for whitefly control in the field. However, the underlying mechanism of the significant attractiveness of N. benthamiana towards whiteflies is unclear. RESULTS Binary-choice assays and olfactory experiments showed that compared to common tobacco (N. tabacum), the volatile of N. benthamiana has a greater attraction to whiteflies. Then we analyzed and compared volatiles from these two Nicotiana species by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). We identified 16 chemical compounds that are more abundant in N. benthamiana than in N. tabacum. Seven compounds were further tested with olfactometer assays and we found that, among them, undecane strongly attracted whiteflies. Further experiments revealed that even 0.005 μg mL-1 undecane is attractive to whiteflies. We also silenced the genes that may influence the biosynthesis of undecane and found the production of undecane decreased after silencing NbCER3, and that N. benthamiana plants with less undecane lost their attraction to whiteflies. In addition, we found that applying 0.005 μg mL-1 undecane on yellow sticky traps can increase the number of stuck insects on the traps by ≈40%. CONCLUSION Undecane from the volatile of N. benthamiana is a critical chemical signal that attracts whiteflies and NbCER3 involved in the biosynthesis of undecane. Undecane may be used to improve the efficiency of yellow sticky traps for whitefly control. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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173
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Wei ZH, Zhao P, Ning XY, Xie YQ, Li Z, Liu XX. Nanomaterial-Encapsulated dsRNA-Targeting Chitin Pathway─A Potential Efficient and Eco-Friendly Strategy against Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39258562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The r-strategy pests are very challenging to effectively control because of their rapid population growth and strong resurgence potential and are more prone to developing pesticide resistance. As a typical r-strategy pest, the cosmopolitan cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, seriously impacts the growth and production of cucurbits and cotton. The present study developed a SPc/double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)/botanical strategy to enhance the control efficacy of A. gossypii. The results demonstrated that the expression of two chitin pathway genes AgCHS2 and AgHK2 notably changed in A. gossypii after treated by three botanical pesticides, 1% azadirachtin, 1% matrine, and 5% eucalyptol. SPc nanocarrier could significantly enhance the environmental stability, cuticle penetration, and interference efficiency of dsRNA products. The SPc/dsRNA/botanical complex could obviously increase the mortality of A. gossypii in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. This study provides an eco-friendly control technique for enhanced mortality of A. gossypii and lower application of chemical pesticides. Given the conservative feature of chitin pathway genes, this strategy would also shed light on the promotion of management strategies against other r-strategy pests using dsRNA/botanical complex nanopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Wei
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Ning
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Qing Xie
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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174
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Gekière A, Breuer L, Dorio L, Evrard D, Vanderplanck M, Michez D. Bumble bees do not avoid field-realistic but innocuous concentrations of cadmium and copper. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s10646-024-02802-7. [PMID: 39261366 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Bee populations are facing numerous stressors globally, including environmental pollution by trace metals and metalloids. Understanding whether bees can detect and avoid these pollutants in their food is pivotal, as avoidance abilities may mitigate their exposure to xenobiotics. While these pollutants are known to induce sublethal effects in bees, such as disrupting physiological mechanisms, their potential impacts on locomotive abilities, fat metabolism, and reproductive physiology remain poorly understood. In this study, utilising workers of the buff-tailed bumble bee and two prevalent trace metals, namely cadmium and copper, we aimed to address these knowledge gaps for field-realistic concentrations. Our findings reveal that workers did not reject field-realistic concentrations of cadmium and copper in sucrose solutions. Moreover, they did not reject lethal concentrations of cadmium, although they rejected lethal concentrations of copper. Additionally, we observed no significant effects of field-realistic concentrations of these metals on the walking and flying activities of workers, nor on their fat metabolism and reproductive physiology. Overall, our results suggest that bumble bees may not avoid cadmium and copper at environmental concentrations, but ingestion of these metals in natural settings may not adversely affect locomotive abilities, fat metabolism, or reproductive physiology. However, given the conservative nature of our study, we still recommend future research to employ higher concentrations over longer durations to mimic conditions in heavily polluted areas (i.e., mine surrounding). Furthermore, investigations should ascertain whether field-realistic concentrations of metals exert no impact on bee larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Gekière
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Luna Breuer
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Luca Dorio
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Evrard
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Maryse Vanderplanck
- CEFE, CNRS, University of Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Michez
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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175
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Wang JX, Han WH, Xie R, Zhang FB, Ge ZW, Ji SX, Liu SS, Wang XW. Metabolic and Molecular Insights Into Nicotiana benthamiana Trichome Exudates: An Ammunition Depot for Plant Resistance Against Insect Pests. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39262218 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Nicotiana benthamiana, a widely acknowledged laboratory model plant for molecular studies, exhibits lethality to certain insect pests and can serve as a dead-end trap plant for pest control in the field. However, the underlying mechanism of N. benthamiana's resistance against insects remains unknown. Here, we elucidate that the lethal effect of N. benthamiana on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci arises from the toxic glandular trichome exudates. By comparing the metabolite profiles of trichome exudates, we found that 51 metabolites, including five O-acyl sugars (O-AS) with medium-chain acyl moieties, were highly accumulated in N. benthamiana. Silencing of two O-AS biosynthesis genes, branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) and Isopropyl malate synthase-C (IPMS-C), significantly reduced the O-AS levels in N. benthamiana and its resistance against whiteflies. Additionally, we demonstrated that the higher expression levels of BCKD and IPMS-C in the trichomes of N. benthamiana contribute to O-AS synthesis and consequently enhance whitefly resistance. Furthermore, overexpression of NbBCKD and NbIPMS-C genes in the cultivated tobacco Nicotiana tabacum enhanced its resistance to whiteflies. Our study revealed the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying the lethal effect of N. benthamiana on whiteflies and presents a promising avenue for improving whitefly resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Ge
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Xia Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Vongphayloth K, Randrianambinintsoa FJ, Lakeomany K, Phommavanh N, Pongsanarm T, Vungkyly V, Luangamath P, Chonephetsarath S, Brey PT, Depaquit J. A study on the diversity of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in karstic limestone areas in Vientiane Province, Laos, with a description of two new species of Sergentomyia França and & Parrot. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:385. [PMID: 39261872 PMCID: PMC11389125 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Southeast Asia is well known as a hotspot of biodiversity. However, very little is known about cave-dwelling hematophagous insects that are medically important. Taxonomic knowledge and ecology of phlebotomine sand flies are very poorly studied in Laos, as well as in other countries in the region. Herein, we report species diversity data and some notes on the ecology of the detected species from these karstic limestone areas of Laos. METHODS Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps from limestone cave locations in three districts of Vientiane Province, Laos. Both morphological and molecular techniques were used for sand fly identification. Species diversity and abundance were analyzed according to sites, locations, collection seasons, and trapping positions. RESULTS A total of 6564 sand flies, of which 5038 were females and 1526 were males, were morphologically identified into 20 species belonging to five genera (Chinius, Idiophlebotomus, Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia, and Grassomyia). The most abundant species were Chinius eunicegalatiae, Phlebotomus stantoni, Sergentomyia hivernus, Se. siamensis, and Idiophlebotomus longiforceps. Cytochrome b analysis results supported the morphological identification and revealed that Se. siamensis was separated from other members of the Se. barraudi group. Two new species, Se. dvoraki n. sp. and Se. marolii n. sp., were described. Sand fly density was generally high except in a cave in Vangvieng, with species richness ranging from 14 to 18 across different caves. Outside caves had higher species richness (R = 20) and diversity (H = 2.50) than cave entrances (R = 18, H = 2.41) and interiors (R = 16, H = 2.13). Seasonal variations showed high sand fly density in Feung and Hinheup during both dry and rainy seasons, while Vangvieng had a notable decrease in density during the dry season (D = 6.29). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the diversity of phlebotomine sand fly fauna in Laos, particularly in karstic limestone areas, is greater than previously known. However, the taxonomic status of many species in Laos, as well as Southeast Asia, still needs more in-depth study using both morphological characters and molecular methods. Many species could be found from inside, at the entrance, and outside of caves, indicating a wide range of host-seeking behavior or possible natural breeding in the karstic cave areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khamsing Vongphayloth
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR.
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ESCAPE, Reims, France.
| | - Fano José Randrianambinintsoa
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ESCAPE, Reims, France
- USC ANSES Petard, Reims, France
| | - Khaithong Lakeomany
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Nothasine Phommavanh
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Tavun Pongsanarm
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Veaky Vungkyly
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Phonesavanh Luangamath
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Somsanith Chonephetsarath
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Paul T Brey
- Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Jérôme Depaquit
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ESCAPE, Reims, France.
- USC ANSES Petard, Reims, France.
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Pôle de Biologie Territoriale, CHU, Reims, France.
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Jin L, Yan K, Kong H, Li J, Fan C, Pan Y, Shang Q. The Fat Body-Specific GST Gene SlGSTe11 Enhances the Tolerance of Spodoptera litura to Cyantraniliprole and Nicotine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19680-19688. [PMID: 39225316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura is a significant agricultural pest, and its glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays a crucial role in insecticide resistance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the SlGSTe11 gene of S. litura and resistance to cyantraniliprole and nicotine. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SlGSTe11 is highly expressed mainly in fat bodies, with a significant increase in SlGSTe11 gene expression under induction by cyantraniliprole and nicotine. The ectopic expression of the SlGSTe11 gene in transgenic fruit flies resulted in a 5.22-fold increase in the tolerance to cyantraniliprole. Moreover, compared to the UAS-SlGSTe11 line, the Act5C-UAS>SlGSTe11 line laid more eggs and had a lower mortality after nicotine exposure. RNAi-mediated inhibition of SlGSTe11 gene expression led to a significant increase in the mortality of S. litura under cyantraniliprole exposure. In vitro metabolism experiments demonstrated that the recombinant SlGSTe11 protein efficiently metabolizes cyantraniliprole. Molecular docking results indicated that SlGSTe11 has a strong affinity for both cyantraniliprole and nicotine. These findings suggest that SlGSTe11 is involved in the development of resistance to cyantraniliprole and nicotine in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Haoran Kong
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Fan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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178
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Castillo-Alanís LA, Torres-Saez de Nanclares XA, Pedraza-Lara CS, Colorado-Hernández JL, Quijano-Mateos A, Ávalos-Hernández O, Bravo-Gómez ME. Development of mixed linear models to analyze and describe the impact of malathion on the larval growth of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) under various feeding media and environmental conditions. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024:tjae102. [PMID: 39257062 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Forensic entomology plays a crucial role in estimating the minimum postmortem interval through the study of insect larvae found at crime scenes. The precision of this estimation relies on various biotic and abiotic elements that simultaneously influence insect growth and development, encompassing factors such as temperature, humidity, photoperiod, diet, and the existence of xenobiotics in decomposing tissues. Despite numerous studies on the influence of these factors, including the impact of xenobiotics, there are currently no robust tools available for making corrections to this estimation considering concurrently all variables. In an attempt to propose an exploratory and descriptive statistical model to analyze the simultaneous effect and interaction of different variables on larval growth, this study aimed to compare the effect of malathion on the growth of Megaselia scalaris (Loew, 1866) (Diptera: Phoridae) raised in malathion-spiked porcine muscle, under controlled and uncontrolled temperature and humidity conditions (environmental conditions). Larvae were also reared using various growth media. A split-plot design that combined crossed and nested factors was employed; 2 linear mixed models were developed to assess the relationships between the variables. The model provides valuable insights into the complex interactions among xenobiotics, growth media, and environmental conditions in the size and development of M. scalaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Alejandra Castillo-Alanís
- Toxicology and Chemistry Laboratory, National School of Forensic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Salvador Pedraza-Lara
- Entomology Laboratory, National School of Forensic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandra Quijano-Mateos
- Toxicology and Chemistry Laboratory, National School of Forensic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Ávalos-Hernández
- School of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Elena Bravo-Gómez
- Toxicology and Chemistry Laboratory, National School of Forensic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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179
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Wei B, Cao S, Zhang G, Wang H, Cao Z, Chen Q, Niu C. Citrus Fruits Produce Direct Defense Responses against Oviposition by Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39257316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants perceive and orchestrate defense responses when herbivorous insects are ovipositing. Fruits, as a crucial reproductive organ in plants, have rarely been researched on the responses to insect eggs. Here, we found that oviposition by the specialist insect Bactrocera minax in navel oranges activated the lignin synthesis pathway and cell division, causing mechanical pressure that crushed the eggs. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed an enrichment of oviposition-induced genes and metabolites within the lignin synthesis pathway, which was confirmed by histochemical staining. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation was observed at the oviposition sites. Plant defense-related hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) exhibited rapid induction after oviposition, while indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) activation occurred in the later stages of oviposition. Additionally, secondary metabolites induced by prior egg deposition were found to influence larval performance. Our studies provide molecular evidence that host fruits have evolved defense mechanisms against insect eggs and pave the way for future development of insect-resistant citrus varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuai Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guijian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiaoran Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changying Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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180
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Yao Z, Ramachandran S, Huang S, Kim E, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Kaushal P, Bouhaddou M, Wohlschlegel JA, Li MM. Interaction of chikungunya virus glycoproteins with macrophage factors controls virion production. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00193-3. [PMID: 39261662 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite their role as innate sentinels, macrophages can serve as cellular reservoirs of chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a highly-pathogenic arthropod-borne alphavirus that has caused large outbreaks among human populations. Here, with the use of viral chimeras and evolutionary selection analysis, we define CHIKV glycoproteins E1 and E2 as critical for virion production in THP-1 derived human macrophages. Through proteomic analysis and functional validation, we further identify signal peptidase complex subunit 3 (SPCS3) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit K (eIF3k) as E1-binding host proteins with anti-CHIKV activities. We find that E1 residue V220, which has undergone positive selection, is indispensable for CHIKV production in macrophages, as its mutation attenuates E1 interaction with the host restriction factors SPCS3 and eIF3k. Finally, we show that the antiviral activity of eIF3k is translation-independent, and that CHIKV infection promotes eIF3k translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it associates with SPCS3. These functions of CHIKV glycoproteins late in the viral life cycle provide a new example of an intracellular evolutionary arms race with host restriction factors, as well as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlan Yao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sangeetha Ramachandran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Serina Huang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prashant Kaushal
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melody Mh Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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181
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Rakesh V, Singh A, Ghosh A. Suppression of Thrips palmi population by spray-on application of dsRNA targeting V-ATPase-B. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135576. [PMID: 39270896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing technique has enormous potential as a non-chemical and eco-friendly alternative to hazardous pesticides. This study reports a spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) approach for managing Thrips palmi by lowering survival and offspring development. Vacuolar ATP synthases (V-ATPases) are responsible for survival, egg-laying, and viability of eggs in insects. In the current study, T. palmi V-ATPase-B was targeted to suppress the pest population by spray-on application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Silencing of V-ATPase-B was first validated by oral administration of dsV-ATPase-B. The expression of V-ATPase-B was reduced by 5.40-fold post-dsRNA feeding leading to increased mortality (57.03 %) and reduced reproductive fitness (67.73 %). Spray-on application of naked dsV-ATPase-B at concentrations of 3.0 μg/mL and 5.0 μg/mL effectively suppressed the population by 30.00 % and 43.33 %, respectively. The expression of the target gene was downregulated by up to 4.24-fold. Two consecutive sprays at a concentration of 5.0 μg/mL provided substantial protection against the fresh release of T. palmi for up to 10 days. The spray-on application of dsV-ATPase-B would be an eco-friendly alternative for managing T. palmi populations thereby reducing crop damage and limiting the spread of orthotospoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rakesh
- Insect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi -110012, India; Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi -110012, India
| | - Anupma Singh
- Insect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi -110012, India
| | - Amalendu Ghosh
- Insect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi -110012, India.
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182
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu Z. CYP4CE1 Metabolized Nitenpyram through Two Types of Oxidation Reaction, Hydroxylation, and N-Demethylation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20122-20129. [PMID: 39222380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nitenpyram, taking the place of imidacloprid, is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide to control Nilaparvata lugens in Asia. Two P450s, CYP4CE1 and CYP6ER1, are key factors in the metabolic resistance against nitenpyram and imidacloprid. In this study, we found that CYP4CE1 expression was strongly associated with nitenpyram resistance in 8 field-collected populations, whereas CYP6ER1 expression correlated with imidacloprid resistance. Hence, we focused on nitenpyram metabolism by CYP4CE1, due to that imidacloprid metabolism by CYP6ER1 has intensively investigated. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that recombinant CYP4CE1 metabolized nitenpyram into three products, N-desmethyl nitenpyram, hydroxy-nitenpyram, and N-desmethyl hydroxy-nitenpyram, with a preference for hydroxylation. In contrast, CYP6ER1 metabolized nitenpyram into a single product, N-desmethyl nitenpyram. These results provide new insights into the specific catalytic mechanisms of P450 enzymes in neonicotinoid metabolism and underscore the importance of different catalytic reactions in neonicotinoid insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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183
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Vospernik S, Vigren C, Morin X, Toïgo M, Bielak K, Brazaitis G, Bravo F, Heym M, Del Río M, Jansons A, Löf M, Nothdurft A, Pardos M, Pach M, Ponette Q, Pretzsch H. Can mixing Quercus robur and Quercus petraea with Pinus sylvestris compensate for productivity losses due to climate change? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173342. [PMID: 38848911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The climate change scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, with a representative concentration pathway for stabilization of radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 and 8.5 W m-2 by 2100, respectively, predict an increase in temperature of 1-4.5° Celsius for Europe and a simultaneous shift in precipitation patterns leading to increased drought frequency and severity. The negative consequences of such changes on tree growth on dry sites or at the dry end of a tree species distribution are well-known, but rarely quantified across large gradients. In this study, the growth of Quercus robur and Quercus petraea (Q. spp.) and Pinus sylvestris in pure and mixed stands was predicted for a historical scenario and the two climate change scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 using the individual tree growth model PrognAus. Predictions were made along an ecological gradient ranging from current mean annual temperatures of 5.5-11.4 °C and with mean annual precipitation sums of 586-929 mm. Initial data for the simulation consisted of 23 triplets established in pure and mixed stands of Q. spp. and P. sylvestris. After doing the simulations until 2100, we fitted a linear mixed model using the predicted volume in the year 2100 as response variable to describe the general trends in the simulation results. Productivity decreased for both Q. spp. and P. sylvestris with increasing temperature, and more so, for the warmer sites of the gradient. P. sylvestris is the more productive tree species in the current climate scenario, but the competitive advantage shifts to Q. spp., which is capable to endure very high negative water potentials, for the more severe climate change scenario. The Q. spp.-P. sylvestris mixture presents an intermediate resilience to increased scenario severity. Enrichment of P. sylvestris stands by creating mixtures with Q. spp., but not the opposite, might be a right silvicultural adaptive strategy, especially at lower latitudes. Tree species mixing can only partly compensate productivity losses due to climate change. This may, however, be possible in combination with other silvicultural adaptation strategies, such as thinning and uneven-aged management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Vospernik
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Carl Vigren
- Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Xavier Morin
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maude Toïgo
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Kamil Bielak
- Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159/34, 02776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gediminas Brazaitis
- Vytautas Magnus University, Department of Forest Science, Studentu 11, Akademija LT-53361, Kaunas dist, Lithuania
| | - Felipe Bravo
- Instituto de Investigación en Gestión Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR), Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al CSIC, ETS de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. De Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
| | - Michael Heym
- Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Department Silviculture and Mountain Forest, Germany
| | - Miren Del Río
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR- INIA), CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aris Jansons
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas 111, Salaspils. Latvia
| | - Magnus Löf
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Box 190, 23422 Lomma, Sweden
| | - Arne Nothdurft
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marta Pardos
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR- INIA), CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maciej Pach
- Department of Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29-Listopada, 46 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | - Quentin Ponette
- UCLouvain - Université catholique de Louvain, Earth & Life Institute, Croix du Sud 2 box L7.05.09, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hans Pretzsch
- Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising. Germany
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184
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Alves JDS, Pasqualotto L, Soares VN, Trombin de Souza M, Trombin de Souza M, Rakes M, Horikoshi RJ, Miraldo LL, Ovejero RLF, Berger GU, Bernardi D. Life table study of Rachiplusia nu (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different food sources and artificial diet. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae200. [PMID: 39255407 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Rachiplusia nu Guenée is a polyphagous species able to develop on several cultivated and non-cultivated host plants. However, basic life history information about this pest on hosts is scarce. In this study, R. nu larvae did not survive on leaves of non-Bt corn, wheat, Bt cotton that expresses proteins Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 or on Intacta2 Xtend soybean that expresses the Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2/Cry1Ac proteins. Rachiplusia nu showed a viable egg-to-adult biological cycle (54%-66.3%) on non-Bt soybean, sunflower, canola, vetch, Persian clover, alfalfa, bean, and forage turnip hosts, similar to larvae raised on the artificial diet. In addition, R. nu was unable to complete larval development on non-Bt cotton, and only 45.2% of R. nu larvae reached the pupal stage when fed leaves of intacta RR2 PRO soybean that expresses the Cry1Ac protein. Larval and pupal mass of surviving insects on Cry1Ac soybean leaves were also lower (larval: 0.104 g; pupal: 0.099 g) in relation to other food sources (larval: 0.165-0.189 g; pupal: 0.173-0.192 g). The total fecundity of R. nu on Cry1Ac soybean leaves was ≈65% lower in relation to other food sources. This fact caused ≈60% the net reproductive rate (Ro) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) when compared to other food sources. Our findings indicate that the Cry1Ac soybean negatively affects the biological parameters of R. nu. Non-Bt soybean, sunflower, canola, vetch, Persian clover, alfalfa, bean, and forage turnip are viable food sources for the survival and development of R. nu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juarez da S Alves
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | - Larissa Pasqualotto
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | - Vanessa N Soares
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Matheus Rakes
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Geraldo U Berger
- Departament of Entomology, Bayer Crop Science Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bernardi
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Brazil
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185
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Kabus J, Hartmann V, Cocchiararo B, Dombrowski A, Enns D, Karaouzas I, Lipkowski K, Pelikan L, Shumka S, Soose L, Baker NJ, Jourdan J. Cryptic species complex shows population-dependent, rather than lineage-dependent tolerance to a neonicotinoid. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 362:124888. [PMID: 39260548 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Cryptic species are rarely considered in ecotoxicology, resulting in misleading outcomes when using a single morphospecies that encompasses multiple cryptic species. This oversight contributes to the lack of reproducibility in ecotoxicological experiments and promotes unreliable extrapolations. The important question of ecological differentiation and the sensitivity of cryptic species is rarely tackled, leaving a substantial knowledge gap regarding the vulnerability of individual cryptic species within species complexes. In times of agricultural intensification and the frequent use of pesticides, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of the vulnerability of species complexes and possible differences in adaptive processes. We used the cryptic species complex of the aquatic amphipod Gammarus roeselii, which comprises at least 13 genetic mtDNA lineages and spans from small-scale endemic lineages in Greece to a large-scale widely distributed lineage in central Europe. We exposed eleven populations belonging to four lineages to the neonicotinoid thiacloprid in an acute toxicity assay. We recorded various environmental variables in each habitat to assess the potential pre-exposure of the populations to contaminants. Our results showed that the populations differed up to 4-fold in their tolerances. The lineage identity had a rather minor influence, suggesting that the cryptic species complex G. roeselii does not differ significantly in tolerance to the neonicotinoid thiacloprid. However, the observed population differentiation implies that recent pre-exposure to thiacloprid (or similar substances) or general habitat contamination has triggered adaptive processes. Though, the extent to which these mechanisms are equally triggered in all lineages needs to be addressed in the future. Our study provides two key findings: Firstly, it shows that observed phylogenetic differences within the G. roeselii species complex did not reveal differences in thiacloprid tolerance. Second, it confirms that differentiation occurs at the population level, highlighting that susceptibility to toxicants is population-dependent. The population-specific differences were within the range of accepted intraspecific variability from a regulatory standpoint. From an evolutionary-ecological perspective, it remains intriguing to observe how persistent stresses will continue to influence tolerance and whether different populations are on distinct pathways of adaptation. Given that the potential selection process has only lasted a relatively short number of generations, it is crucial to monitor these populations in the future, as even brief exposure periods significantly impact evolutionary responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kabus
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Hartmann
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Berardino Cocchiararo
- Senckenberg Research Institute, Conservation Genetics Section, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea Dombrowski
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Enns
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Kompetenzzentrum Wasser Hessen, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ioannis Karaouzas
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, 46.7km Athens-Sounio Av., 19013, Anavyssos, Greece
| | - Konrad Lipkowski
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Wildlife-/Zoo-Animal-Biology and Systematics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lars Pelikan
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University of Turku, Department of Biology, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Spase Shumka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Laura Soose
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nathan J Baker
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Vilnius, LT-08412, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Jourdan
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Kompetenzzentrum Wasser Hessen, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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186
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Mogi M, Armbruster PA, Eritja R, Sunahara T, Tuno N. How far do forest container mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) invade rural and urban areas in Japan? - Simple landscape ecology with comparison of the invasive Aedes ecology between native and invasive ranges. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 61:1168-1180. [PMID: 39102891 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The distribution of container mosquitoes in relation to distances from forests was studied in temperate Japan. Mosquito larvae were collected between May and September in 4 years from tree holes, bamboo stumps, riverine rock pools, and artificial containers; sampling ranged spatially from the mountain forest across the deforested plain developed as agriculture and urban areas to the seacoast. Although tree holes, bamboo stumps, and artificial containers existed throughout the deforested plain area, 10 container species of 6 genera were found virtually only within 5 km from the nearest forest edge. Worldwide invasive Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes japonicus (Theobald) of Asian origin showed unique occurrence patterns different from other container species and from each other. Ae. japonicus was dominant in artificial containers in and near the forest but minor in forest natural containers and only occurred within 5 km from the forest. Ae. albopictus was minor in the forest irrespective of container types but not bound to the forest and dominant in natural and artificial containers throughout rural and urban areas. The 5-km range was designated as the circum-forest zone for container mosquitoes (except Ae. albopictus) in Japan, and an expanded concept, circum-boundary zone, is proposed. The widths of these zones primarily depend on the dispersal traits of mosquitoes. Whether the relation of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus to forests we observed are common in the native and invasive ranges is discussed. The study of across-ecosystem dispersal is important for mosquito management under anthropogenically changing environments due to either deforestation or green restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyoshi Mogi
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan (retired)
| | | | - Roger Eritja
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Toshihiko Sunahara
- Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tuno
- Laboratory of Ecology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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187
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Wu Z, Wang W, Zhu W, Zhang P, Chang R, Wang G. Shrub ecosystem structure in response to anthropogenic climate change: A global synthesis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176202. [PMID: 39265690 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic warming is predicted to alter ecological boundaries in energy-limited shrub ecosystems. Yet we still lack a sound understanding of the structural changes that shrub ecosystems are undergoing on a global scale and the factors driving them. To that end, here we collected studies of shrub dynamics from 227 sites worldwide to conduct a quantitative review, including the rate of advancing shrubline (their upslope shift), the rates of shrub cover and recruitment changes. Our results revealed that shrub expanded (e.g. shrubline shifts, shrub cover and recruitment increase) at the vast majority of sites (84 %); in contrast, they remained stable in 10 % of sites and descended at just 6 % of them. The mean global shift rate of shrubline was 1.22 m/year, being significantly faster in subarctic (> 60°N) than temperate (< 60°N) regions, and likewise more quickly in wet (total annual precipitation >400 mm) than dry (total annual precipitation <400 mm) areas; the annual change rates of shrub cover and recruitment increased by 0.89 % and 2.02 %. Shrubs communities have expanded rapidly in response to ongoing climate warming. The combination of autumn precipitation and winter temperature largely contributed to the general shift rates of shrubline, while the shrub cover and recruitment were mainly affected by summer temperature and precipitation in both spring and autumn. Furthermore, the site-specific pace of their expansion probably depends on a combination of local climatic and non-climatic drivers (such as fine-scale environmental conditions, disturbance, their interactions, and dispersal limitation). The increase of shrub distribution may alter the function and albedo of the ecosystems at high-latitude and -elevation regions, resulting in the feedback on climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Wanze Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruiying Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Genxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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188
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Hassan S, Shad SA. Polygenic, autosomal, and stable spirotetramat resistance in Chrysoperla carnea resulting in increased fitness. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310142. [PMID: 39255273 PMCID: PMC11386462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) is a generalist predator used as a biological control agent in agro ecosystems. In order to use chemical and biological control in an integrated way, it is advantageous to know about natural enemy resistance response to a selected chemical. To determine C. carnea spirotetramat resistance potential, a population collected from the field was selected in the laboratory. Then we determined how spirotetramat resistance was inherited and how much it impacts the fitness of C. carnea. After eighteen selections with spirotetramat, the selected population (Spiro-Sel) of C. carnea had a 47-fold of resistance when compared to an UNSEL population. Inheritance results showed that spirotetramat resistance was inherited as an autosomal, incompletely dominant and polygenic trait. The values of effective dominance decreased from 0.87 (incomplete dominant) to 0.00 (complete recessive) as the concentration of spirotetramat increased from 625 mg/L to 10000 mg/L. The Spiro-Sel strain had no cross resistance to chlorfenapyr (1.10-fold), deltamethrin (1.26-fold) and chlorpyrifos (1.27-fold). After 7 generations without selection pressure resistance to all experimental insecticides in the Spiro-Sel strain was stable. Fitness data of the Spiro-Sel, Cross A, Cross B, UNSEL and susceptible strains of C. carnea showed that spirotetramat resistance increased the fitness of the selected green lacewing population. Life history parameters like fecundity, net reproductive rate, and relative fitness of the Spiro-Sel strain significantly increased when compared to the susceptible or unselected strains of C. carnea. These findings show that C. carnea is a perfect candidate for integrated pest management (IPM) programmes that combine biological control methods with selective pesticide applications to manage a variety of insect pests. Additionally, it would reduce the possibility of pests developing pesticide resistance despite repeated applications. It would be an excellent choice for widespread releases and be effective in most spray programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Hassan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ali Shad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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189
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Pardo C, Bellati A, Polverino G, Canestrelli D. The dark side of organic farming: Copper sulphate compromises the life history and behaviour of the walking stick insect, Bacillus rossius. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173626. [PMID: 38844229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Organic farming is considered the most sustainable form of modern soil cultivation. Yet it often relies on the use of chemical compounds that are not necessarily harmless for the surrounding wildlife. In this study, we tested the effects of realistic concentrations of copper sulphate-largely used in organic farming as a fungicide-on ecologically-relevant traits of the walking stick insect Bacillus rossius, a species commonly found in the proximity of cultivated fields across Europe. By using second-generation progeny of wild-caught parthenogenetic females bred in common gardens, we measured the impact of copper sulphate (CuSO4) on both the life-history (body condition, number of eggs, and hatching success) and behavioural traits (activity and maximum vertical speed) of the individuals. We observed strong negative effects of high, realistic concentrations of copper sulphate on most traits within 12 days of exposure, while effects were less evident at lower concentrations of the pollutant. Our results reveal that realistic concentrations of copper sulphate can compromise important traits that regulate both the survival and reproduction of animals in the wild, with such effects that are, however, dose dependent. We suggest that common practices in organic farming require further consideration on their ecological and evolutionary impact on wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pardo
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Italy
| | - Adriana Bellati
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Polverino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Italy; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Daniele Canestrelli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Italy
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190
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Montes de Oca-Aguilar AC, Fernández-Figueroa EA, López-Ávila KB, Pavón-Méndez MI, Sosa-Bibiano EI, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Palacio-Vargas JA, García-López B, Rangel-Escareño C, Loría-Cervera EN. Abundance and Leishmania infection patterns of the sand fly Psathyromyia cratifer in Southern Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012426. [PMID: 39255321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is a serious public health problem in Southern Mexico. Six species of Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) have been found to be infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana, the causative agent of LCL in the region. However, little is known about the biology and potential participation of Psathyromyia cratifer in the Leishmania transmission cycle in Mexico, and the Americas. The present study provides evidence of temporal infection caused by Leishmania in Psathyromyia cratifer as well as data on its population dynamics in a LCL endemic area during the well-known transmission cycle of Leishmania in Southern Mexico. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Individual specimens of Psathyromyia cratifer were collected in four sites over the course of five months (from November 2020 through March 2021) using animal-baited, human-baited, and light traps. The temporal activity pattern (month + hour) of Psathyromyia cratifer was assessed along with its relationship with environmental variables. Moreover, Leishmania DNA and blood meals were analyzed and detected in female sand flies. This evidenced an infection rate ranging from 8% to 83%, and the record of Homo sapiens and Ototylomys phyllotis as blood hosts of this sand fly species. High abundances of these sand flies in human-baited traps were recorded which revealed the marked anthropophilic behavior of Psathyromyia cratifer. As regards the transmission dynamics of the parasite within the region, it was observed that the potential highest epidemiological risk for Leishmania transmission by Psathyromyia cratifer occurred during the months of January and March. CONCLUSION This is the first contribution ever made to both the population dynamic and the temporal Leishmania prevalence patterns in Psathyromyia cratifer. The resulting findings suggest that this sand fly specimen is the sixth potential vector of L. (L.) mexicana in Southern Mexico. Nonetheless, various biology, behavior, and ecology strands are yet to be addressed. The latter, to determine the role it plays in the transmission dynamics of the parasite within the region, and other areas of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Celia Montes de Oca-Aguilar
- Immunology Laboratory, Regional Research Center "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Edith A Fernández-Figueroa
- Nucleus B for Innovation in Precision Medicine, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina B López-Ávila
- Immunology Laboratory, Regional Research Center "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Mariela Isabel Pavón-Méndez
- Immunology Laboratory, Regional Research Center "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Erika I Sosa-Bibiano
- Immunology Laboratory, Regional Research Center "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Eduardo A Rebollar-Téllez
- Medical Entomology Laboratory, Invertebrate Zoology Department; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Palacio-Vargas
- Directorate of Prevention and Health Protection of Health Services of the State of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Brenda García-López
- Nucleus B for Innovation in Precision Medicine, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Elsy Nalleli Loría-Cervera
- Immunology Laboratory, Regional Research Center "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
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191
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Jiang ZW, Ma L, Tao SA, Wenda C, Cheng C, Wu DY, Du WG. Analysis of resting status reveals distinct elevational variation in metabolisms of lizards. Ecology 2024:e4414. [PMID: 39256909 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Animals spend a considerable proportion of their life span at rest. However, resting status has often been overlooked when investigating how species respond to environmental conditions. This may induce a large bias in understanding the local adaptation of species across environmental gradients and their vulnerability to potential environmental change. Here, we conducted an empirical study on montane agamid lizards, combined with mechanistic modeling, to compare elevational variations in body temperature and metabolisms (cumulative digestion and maintenance cost) between resting and active status. Our study on three populations of an agamid lizard along an elevational gradient revealed a trend of decreasing body temperature toward higher elevations, the main contributor of which was resting status of the lizards. Using population-specific reaction norms, we predicted greater elevational variation in hourly and cumulative digestion for resting lizards than for active lizards. Climate-change impacts, estimated as the change in cumulative digestion, also show greater elevational variation when resting status is factored into the analysis. Further, our global analysis of 98 agamid species revealed that in about half of their combined distributional range, the contribution of resting status in determining the elevational variation in cumulative digestion and maintenance cost of lizards was greater than the contribution made by a lizard's active status. Our study highlights the importance of considering resting status when investigating how species respond to environmental conditions, especially for those distributed over tropical and subtropical mountain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wenda
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyu Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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192
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Xiao X, Zhao W, Shao Y, Hu C, Liu J, Zhang G, Yang F, Zhao J, Fu Y, Li L, Wang MQ, Zhou A. Environmental exposure to cadmium induces olfactory neurotoxicity in fire ants and the molecular basis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124945. [PMID: 39265771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exhibits widely olfactory toxicity to animals. We previously reported that Cd exposure induces the transcriptional dysregulation of olfactory marker proteins (OMPs) of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta. However, it is still unclear how environmental Cd exposure-induced deregulation of OMPs affects the olfactory signal transduction and olfaction-driven social behavior of S. invicta. Here, we showed that S. invicta displayed dull sensory perception on bait in Cd-contaminated areas and dietary Cd ingestion by S. invicta reduced the bait search efficiency. We hypothesize that deregulation of OMPs by Cd exposure blocks the olfactory signal transduction in fire ants. Our results indicated the odor binding protein 14 (SiOBP14) was consistently inhibited in antennal sensilla of fire ants across Cd exposure at 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg. Function analysis in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that SiOBP14 is essential in perception of S. invicta to bait odorants. Cd-exposed fire ants showed weak odorant receptor neurons (ORNs) chemosensory signaling and electroantennogram (EAG) response. Moreover, Cd exposure repeals the preference of S. invicta to the active bait odorants, including 2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-one, 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 4,5-dimethylthiazole, and even triggers a behavioral transition from preference to repellence. These results indicate that Cd exposure inhibits the specific OMP expression and disrupts olfactory signal transduction, thereby inducing dull sensory perception of S. invicta to bait odorants. The findings provide new implications for monitoring and control of agricultural insect pests in heavy metal polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xiao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yikang Shao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changyuan Hu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fuxiang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Yueguan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Man-Qun Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aiming Zhou
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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193
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Duran-Ahumada S, Karrer L, Cheng C, Roeske I, Pilchik J, Jimenez-Vallejo D, Smith E, Roy K, Kirstein OD, Martin-Park A, Contreras-Perera Y, Che-Mendoza A, Gonzalez-Olvera G, Puerta-Guardo HN, Uribe-Soto SI, Manrique-Saide P, Vazquez-Prokopec G. Wolbachia pipientis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) mediated effects on the fitness and performance of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) under variable temperatures and initial larval densities. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 61:1155-1167. [PMID: 39077840 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Wolbachia pipientis (Hertig, 1936), also referred as Wolbachia, is a bacterium present across insect taxa, certain strains of which have been demonstrated to impact the fitness and capacity to transmit viruses in mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762). Most studies examine these impacts in limited sets of environmental regimes. Here we seek to understand the impacts of environmentally relevant conditions such as larval density, temperature, and their interaction on wAlbB-infected A. aegypti. Using a factorial design, we measured wAlbB stability (relative density, post-emergence in females, and in progeny), the ability for wAlbB to induce cytoplasmic incompatibility, and bacterial effects on mosquito fitness (fecundity, fertility, and body mass) and performance (adult survival and time to pupation) across 2 temperature regimes (fluctuating and constant) and 2 initial larval densities (low and high). Fluctuating daily regimes of temperature (27 to 40 °C) led to decreased post-emergence wAlbB density and increased wAlbB density in eggs compared to constant temperature (27 °C). An increased fecundity was found in wAlbB-carrying females reared at fluctuating temperatures compared to uninfected wild-type females. wAlbB-carrying adult females showed significantly increased survival than wild-type females. Contrarily, wAlbB-carrying adult males exhibited a significantly lower survival than wild-type males. We found differential effects of assessed treatments (Wolbachia infection status, temperature, and larval density) across mosquito sexes and life stages. Taken together, our results indicate that realistic conditions may not impact dramatically the stability of wAlbB infection in A. aegypti. Nonetheless, understanding the ecological consequence of A. aegypti-wAlbB interaction is complex due to life history tradeoffs under conditions faced by natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Duran-Ahumada
- Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Graduate Program Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luiza Karrer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Isabella Roeske
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Josie Pilchik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Jimenez-Vallejo
- Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Graduate Program Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily Smith
- Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Graduate Program Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kristina Roy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oscar D Kirstein
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abdiel Martin-Park
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Yamili Contreras-Perera
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Gonzalez-Olvera
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Henry N Puerta-Guardo
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Sandra I Uribe-Soto
- Sciences Faculty, National University of Colombia, Medellin Campus, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Laboratory for the Biological Control of Aedes aegypti, Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays (UCBE-LCB), Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
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194
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Richards MH. Social evolution and reproductive castes in trematode parasites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2414228121. [PMID: 39226370 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2414228121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam H Richards
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
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195
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Mulatier M, Duchaudé Y, Lanoir R, Thesnor V, Sylvestre M, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Vega-Rúa A. Invasive brown algae (Sargassum spp.) as a potential source of biocontrol against Aedes aegypti. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21161. [PMID: 39256502 PMCID: PMC11387777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Influxes of sargassos are responsible for economic and environmental disasters in areas where they bloom, especially in regions whose main income relies on tourism and with limited capacity for sanitation and public health response. A promising way of valorization would be to convert this incredible biomass into tools to fight the deadly vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. In the present study, we generated hydrolates and aqueous extracts from three main Sargassum morphotypes identified in Guadeloupe (French West Indies): Sargassum natans VIII, Sargassum natans I and Sargassum fluitans. We conducted a chemical characterization and a holistic evaluation of their potential to induce toxic and behavioral effects in Ae. aegypti. Despite the low insecticidal potential observed for all the extracts, we found that S. natans VIII and S. fluitans hydrolates deterred oviposition, induced contact irritancy and stimulated blood feeding behavior in host seeking Ae. aegypti females, while aqueous extracts from S. natans I and S. fluitans deterred both blood feeding behavior and oviposition. Chemical characterization evidenced the presence of phenylpropanoid, polyphenols, amino acids and esters. Thus, Sargassum spp. aqueous extracts and hydrolates could be used to manipulate Ae. aegypti behavior and be valorized as control tools against this mosquito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Mulatier
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Environment and Health Research Department, Lieu-Dit Morne Jolivière, 97139, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
| | - Yolène Duchaudé
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Environment and Health Research Department, Lieu-Dit Morne Jolivière, 97139, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
- COVACHIM-M2E EA 3592 Laboratory, Université des Antilles, CEDEX, 97157, Pointe-À-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Reggie Lanoir
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Environment and Health Research Department, Lieu-Dit Morne Jolivière, 97139, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Valendy Thesnor
- COVACHIM-M2E EA 3592 Laboratory, Université des Antilles, CEDEX, 97157, Pointe-À-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Muriel Sylvestre
- COVACHIM-M2E EA 3592 Laboratory, Université des Antilles, CEDEX, 97157, Pointe-À-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Gerardo Cebrián-Torrejón
- COVACHIM-M2E EA 3592 Laboratory, Université des Antilles, CEDEX, 97157, Pointe-À-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Anubis Vega-Rúa
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Environment and Health Research Department, Lieu-Dit Morne Jolivière, 97139, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
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Pudasaini R, Chang C, Chen MH, Dai SM. The I4790K mutation of the ryanodine receptor is responsible for anthranilic diamide resistance in field populations of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae189. [PMID: 39255412 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance in Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a major constraint on the global production of cruciferous crops. For effective management of insecticide resistance, it is necessary to develop a molecular detection tool for predicting insecticide resistance levels based on the mutation frequency of target sites. In this study, a susceptible strain (SHggt) of P. xylostella was subjected to chlorantraniliprole and tetraniliprole selection under laboratory conditions to obtain the CHLSel and TETSel strains, respectively, to determine their resistance development, cross-resistance and mutation frequencies of the P. xylostella ryanodine receptor (PxRyR). In addition, the tetraniliprole resistance and the mutation frequencies of the PxRyR from 7 field populations were evaluated. Continuous selection over 30 generations resulted in resistance ratios (RRs) of 7,073.2-fold and 6,971.0-fold for the CHLSel and TETSel strains, respectively, and thousandfold increases in cross-resistance to unexposed diamides, e.g., cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide, were observed. For the field populations, three out of seven populations have developed more than thousandfold resistance to tetraniliprole. Among the three investigated target site mutations in PxRyR, only I4790K was detected in both laboratory-selected strains. However, 2 mutations, I4790K and G4946E, were detected in field populations. A positive correlation between RRs and K allele frequencies was observed in the laboratory-selected/relaxed strains and field populations of P. xylostella. These results suggest a possible link between the development of anthranilic diamide resistance and the frequency of the PxRyR I4790K mutation, which can be used to develop effective strategies for diamide resistance management in P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwor Pudasaini
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xing Da Road, Taichung 402204, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Cheng Chang
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xing Da Road, Taichung 402204, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Mei Dai
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xing Da Road, Taichung 402204, Taiwan, ROC
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197
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Yang F, Ma Q, Zhang X, Shang Y, Ngando FJ, Ren L, Cai J. The gut bacterial composition across life stages of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and the effects of amikacin on their development. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 61:1093-1104. [PMID: 38902886 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Insects and microorganisms, ubiquitous organisms in the natural world, have developed intricate relationships throughout their evolutionary histories. However, most studies have concentrated on specific time points or life stages, but some limited studies have investigated the dynamics of microbial diversity within insects across life stages. Here, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to investigate the gut bacterial community across the life stages of Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). The results revealed that the gut bacterial diversity of S. peregrina varied with life stage and showed similarity in the nearby life stages. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in S. peregrina. Genera such as Providencia, Ignatzschineria, and Myroides are implicated in potentially pivotal roles during the developmental processes of this flesh fly. Furthermore, the effects of amikacin on the growth and development of S. peregrina were not statistically significant. However, we did observe significant changes at the protein level, which suggests a close association between protein-level alterations and growth and development. Additionally, we speculate that S. peregrina regulates its nutritional status during nonfeeding stages to meet the demands of eclosion. This study represents the first comprehensive examination of the intestinal bacterial composition across various life stages of S. peregrina. Our findings deepen our understanding of the gut microbiota in this flesh fly and lay the groundwork for further exploration into the intricate interactions between microorganisms and insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Qiongshan Ma
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjie Shang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Fernand Jocelin Ngando
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Lipin Ren
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Cai
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
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198
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Dutra HLC, Marshall DJ, Comerford B, McNulty BP, Diaz AM, Jones MJ, Mejia AJ, Bjornstad ON, McGraw EA. Larval crowding enhances dengue virus loads in Aedes aegypti, a relationship that might increase transmission in urban environments. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012482. [PMID: 39255310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change and urbanization will alter the global distribution of disease vectors, changing the disease burden in yet unpredictable ways. Aedes aegypti is a mosquito responsible for transmitting dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses that breeds in containers associated with urban environments. We sought to understand how ambient temperature and larval densities in the immature aquatic phases determine adult life history traits and dengue virus loads post-infection. We predicted that larval crowding and high temperatures would both lead to smaller mosquitoes that might struggle to invest in an immune response and, hence, would exhibit high viral loads. METHODS We first examined larval densities from urban and rural areas via a meta-analysis. We then used these data to inform a laboratory-based 2x2 design examining the interacting effects of temperature (21 vs. 26°C) and density (0.2 vs. 0.4 larvae/mL) on adult life history and dengue virus loads. RESULTS We found that urban areas had an ~8-fold increase in larval densities compared to more rural sites. In the lab, we found that crowding had more impact on mosquito traits than temperature. Crowding led to slower development, smaller mosquitoes, less survival, lower fecundity, and higher viral loads, as predicted. The higher temperature led to faster development, reduced fecundity, and lower viral loads. The virus-reducing effect of higher temperature rearing was, however, overwhelmed by the impact of larval crowding when both factors were present. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal complex interactions between the environmental effects experienced by immature mosquitoes and adult traits. They especially highlight the importance of crowding with respect to adult viral loads. Together, these data suggest that urban environments might enhance dengue virus loads and, therefore, possibly transmission, a concerning result given the increasing rates of urbanization globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heverton L C Dutra
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dustin J Marshall
- The School of Life Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Belinda Comerford
- The School of Life Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brianna P McNulty
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anastacia M Diaz
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthew J Jones
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Austin J Mejia
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Entomology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ottar N Bjornstad
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Entomology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A McGraw
- The Biology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Entomology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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199
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Ma Z, Wang W, Yang X, Rui M, Wang S. Glial ferritin maintains neural stem cells via transporting iron required for self-renewal in Drosophila. eLife 2024; 13:RP93604. [PMID: 39255019 PMCID: PMC11386955 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell niche is critical for regulating the behavior of stem cells. Drosophila neural stem cells (Neuroblasts, NBs) are encased by glial niche cells closely, but it still remains unclear whether glial niche cells can regulate the self-renewal and differentiation of NBs. Here, we show that ferritin produced by glia, cooperates with Zip13 to transport iron into NBs for the energy production, which is essential to the self-renewal and proliferation of NBs. The knockdown of glial ferritin encoding genes causes energy shortage in NBs via downregulating aconitase activity and NAD+ level, which leads to the low proliferation and premature differentiation of NBs mediated by Prospero entering nuclei. More importantly, ferritin is a potential target for tumor suppression. In addition, the level of glial ferritin production is affected by the status of NBs, establishing a bicellular iron homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrate that glial cells are indispensable to maintain the self-renewal of NBs, unveiling a novel role of the NB glial niche during brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenshu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Menglong Rui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Su Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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200
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Li J, Jin L, Yan K, Xu P, Pan Y, Shang Q. STAT5B, Akt and p38 Signaling Activate FTZ-F1 to Regulate the Xenobiotic Tolerance-Related Gene SlCyp9a75b in Spodoptera litura. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39253853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in insects have been verified to implicated in insecticide and phytochemical detoxification metabolism. However, the regulation of P450s, which are modulated by signal-regulated transcription factors (TFs), is less well studied in insects. Here, we found that the Malpighian tubule specific P450 gene SlCYP9A75b in Spodoptera litura is induced by xenobiotics. The transgenic Drosophila bioassay and RNAi results indicated that this P450 gene contributes to α-cypermethrin, cyantraniliprole, and nicotine tolerance. In addition, functional analysis revealed that the MAPKs p38, PI3K/Akt, and JAK-STAT activate the transcription factor fushi tarazu factor 1 (FTZ-F1) to regulate CYP9A75b expression. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the contributions of CYP9A genes to xenobiotic detoxification and support the possible involvement of different signaling pathways and TFs in tolerance to xenobiotics in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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