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Burger G, Adamou R, Kreuzmair R, Ndoumba WN, Mbassi DE, Mouima AMN, Tabopda CM, Adegnika RM, More A, Okwu DG, Mbadinga LBD, Calle CL, Veletzky L, Metzger WG, Mordmüller B, Ramharter M, Mombo-Ngoma G, Adegnika AA, Zoleko-Manego R, McCall MBB. Eosinophils, basophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in chronic Loa loa infection and its treatment in an endemic setting. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012203. [PMID: 38771861 PMCID: PMC11147522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection by Loa loa remains an unsolved immunological paradox. Despite harboring subcutaneously migrating adult worms and often high densities of microfilariae, most patients experience only relatively mild symptoms, yet microfilaricidal treatment can trigger life-threatening inflammation. Here, we investigated innate cell populations hypothesized to play a role in these two faces of the disease, in an endemic population in Gabon. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We analyzed numbers and activation of eosinophils and basophils, as well as myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subsets and associated circulating cytokine levels by flow cytometry in sex- and age-matched L. loa-uninfected (LL-), -amicrofilaraemic (MF-) and -microfilaraemic (MF+) individuals (n = 42), as well as microfilaraemic individuals treated with albendazole (n = 26). The percentage of eosinophils was lower in LL- (3.0%) than in the combined L. loa-infected population, but was similar in MF+ (13.1%) and MF- (12.3%). Upon treatment of MF+, eosinophilia increased from day 0 (17.2%) to day 14 (24.8%) and had decreased below baseline at day 168 (6.3%). Expression of the eosinophil activation marker CD123 followed the same pattern as the percentage of eosinophils, while the inverse was observed for CD193 and to some extent CD125. Circulating IL-5 levels after treatment followed the same pattern as eosinophil dynamics. Basophil numbers did not differ between infection states but increased after treatment of MF+. We did not observe differences in MDSC numbers between infection states or upon treatment. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that both chronic infection and treatment of L. loa microfilaraemia are associated with eosinophil circulation and distinct phenotypical activation markers that might contribute to inflammatory pathways in this setting. In this first ever investigation into MDSC in L. loa infection, we found no evidence for their increased presence in chronic loiasis, suggesting that immunomodulation by L. loa is induced through other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Burger
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Ruth Kreuzmair
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Wilfrid Ndzebe Ndoumba
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
| | - Dorothea Ekoka Mbassi
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ayong More
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Dearie Glory Okwu
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
| | | | | | - Luzia Veletzky
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Ramharter
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner site Tübingen, Tübingen Germany
| | - Rella Zoleko-Manego
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner sites Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Germany
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthew B. B. McCall
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Lamb TJ, Pawelec G. Here, There, and Everywhere: Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Immunology. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1183-1197. [PMID: 37068300 PMCID: PMC10111205 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were initially identified in humans and mice with cancer where they profoundly suppress T cell- and NK cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Inflammation is a central feature of many pathologies and normal physiological conditions and is the dominant driving force for the accumulation and function of MDSCs. Therefore, MDSCs are present in conditions where inflammation is present. Although MDSCs are detrimental in cancer and conditions where cellular immunity is desirable, they are beneficial in settings where cellular immunity is hyperactive. Because MDSCs can be generated ex vivo, they are being exploited as therapeutic agents to reduce damaging cellular immunity. In this review, we discuss the detrimental and beneficial roles of MDSCs in disease settings such as bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, sepsis, obesity, trauma, stress, autoimmunity, transplantation and graft-versus-host disease, and normal physiological settings, including pregnancy and neonates as well as aging. The impact of MDSCs on vaccination is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah 84112, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tracey J. Lamb
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah 84112, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, and Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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Doi M, Tanaka H, Ohoto T, Miura N, Sakurai Y, Hatakeyama H, Akita H. Reactivation of Anticancer Immunity by Resetting Interorgan Crosstalk in Immune-Suppressive Cells with a Nanoparticulated Anti-Inflammatory Drug. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205131. [PMID: 36703512 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The reactivation of anticancer immunity is a fundamental principle in cancer immunotherapy as evidenced by the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). While treatment with the ICIs is shown to have remarkable and durable therapeutic effects in the responders, the low objective response rate (<40%) continues to be a major problem. Since myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), heterogenous cells with strong immunosuppressive activity that originate in the hematopoietic system, suppress the anticancer immunity via parallel immune checkpoint-dependent and independent pathways, these cells are potential targets for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this study, it is demonstrated that MDSCs can be depleted by delivering synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone to phagocytic cells in the spleen using a lipid nanoparticle. Since the interaction of nanoparticles with T cells is intrinsically poor, this strategy also enables the "detargeting" from T cells, thus avoiding the nonspecific suppression of cytotoxic immune responses against cancer cells. In addition to the direct anticancer effect of the nanoparticulated dexamethasone, their synergistic anticancer effect with ICIs is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Doi
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Takara Ohoto
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Naoya Miura
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Yu Sakurai
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroto Hatakeyama
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Akita
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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Characteristics of γδTCR on myeloid cells from C57BL/6 mice with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infection. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 253:111540. [PMID: 36509228 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2022.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there is a paucity of studies focus on the characteristics of myeloid cells which expressed γδTCR. The aim of this study was to observe the properties of γδTCR-expressing myeloid cells in the spleen of C57BL/6 mice infected by P. yoelii nigeriensis NSM. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in the spleens from infected mice. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the infection and control groups were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA -seq). Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to evaluate the frequency of γδTCR+ cells and the characteristics of γδTCR+ cells in P. yoelii nigeriensis NSM-infected mice. Obvious infiltration of inflammatory were observed in the spleens from infected C57BL/6 mouse. The proportions of γδTCR+ cells and CD11b+ γδTCR+ cells from infected group were higher than that from normal group. CD11b+ γδTCR+ cells expressed high levels of activated-mediated genes and inflammatory-mediated genes. The heterogeneous pathway activities among CD11b+ γδTCR+ cells from normal and infected group were characterized. The oxidative phosphorylation, respiratory electron transport chain and leukocyte activation involved in immune response pathways were up-regulated, while the alpha-beta T cell activation and myeloid leukocyte migration pathways were down-regulated in infected mice. Importantly, Ly6c2 was higher expressed in CD11b+ γδTCR+ cells than Ly6g. Consistent with it, flow cytometry results revealed that a subset of Ly6C+ cells was higher than Ly6G+ cells in the spleen. Taken together, our data suggest the existence of a population of γδTCR-expressing myeloid cells and they might be multifunctional cells, which play a role in couse of Plasmodium infection.
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Yimingjiang M, Aini A, Tuergan T, Zhang W. Differential Gene Expression Profiling in Alveolar Echinococcosis Identifies Potential Biomarkers Associated With Angiogenesis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad031. [PMID: 36817746 PMCID: PMC9927572 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. Alveolar echinococcosis is a severe chronic parasitic disease that exhibits a tumor-like growth, with the potential for invasion and distant metastasis; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this condition remains unclear. Methods Transcriptome analyses were performed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in samples from patients with AE with invasion and distant metastasis. The results were further verified by immunohistochemistry. Results A total of 1796 DEGs were identified, including 1742 upregulated and 54 downregulated DEGs. A subsequent functional analysis showed that the significant DEGs were involved in the angiogenesis process. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the reliability of the transcriptomic data. Conclusions These results suggest that angiogenesis is a possible mechanism underlying the tumor-like biological behavior observed during E multilocularis infection. Genes related to this process may play important roles in AE invasion and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiweilidan Yimingjiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Abudusalamu Aini
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Talaiti Tuergan
- Department of Hepatic Hydatid and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Correspondence: Dr. Wei Zhang, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China ( )
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Borgna E, Prochetto E, Gamba JC, Marcipar I, Cabrera G. Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during Trypanosoma cruzi infection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 375:117-163. [PMID: 36967151 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is the third largest parasitic disease burden globally. Currently, more than 6 million people are infected, mainly in Latin America, but international migration has turned CD into an emerging health problem in many nonendemic countries. Despite intense research, a vaccine is still not available. A complex parasite life cycle, together with numerous immune system manipulation strategies, may account for the lack of a prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine. There is substantial experimental evidence supporting that T. cruzi acute infection generates a strong immunosuppression state that involves numerous immune populations with regulatory/suppressive capacity. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory dendritic cells and B regulatory cells are some of the regulatory populations that have been involved in the acute immune response elicited by the parasite. The fact that, during acute infection, MDSCs increase notably in several organs, such as spleen, liver and heart, together with the observation that depletion of those cells can decrease mouse survival to 0%, strongly suggests that MDSCs play a major role during acute T. cruzi infection. Accumulating evidence gained in different settings supports the capacity of MDSCs to interact with cells from both the effector and the regulatory arms of the immune system, shaping the outcome of the response in a very wide range of scenarios that include pathological and physiological processes. In this sense, the aim of the present review is to describe the main knowledge about MDSCs acquired so far, including several crosstalk with other immune populations, which could be useful to gain insight into their role during T. cruzi infection.
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Zhou L, Zhu Y, Mo L, Wang M, Lin J, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Xie A, Wei H, Qiu H, Huang J, Yang Q. TLR7 controls myeloid-derived suppressor cells expansion and function in the lung of C57BL6 mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010851. [PMID: 36279265 PMCID: PMC9591064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses against Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection. However, the role of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in the mouse lung during S. japonicum infection and the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) affected by the absence of TLR7 are not clearly understood. In this study, the results indicated that the MDSCs were accumulated and the proportion and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased in the lung of mice at 6-7 weeks after S. japonicum infection. Then, the expression of TLR7 was detected in isolated pulmonary MDSCs and the results showed that the expression of TLR7 in MDSCs was increased after infection. Furthermore, TLR7 agonist R848 could down-regulate the induction effect of the soluble egg antigen (SEA) on pulmonary MDSCs in vitro. Meanwhile, TLR7 deficiency could promote the pulmonary MDSCs expansion and function by up-regulating the expression of PD-L1/2 and secreting of IL-10 in the mice infected with S. japonicum. Mechanistic studies revealed that S. japonicum infection and the antigen effects are mediated by NF-κB signaling. Moreover, TLR7 deficiency aggravates S. japonicum infection-induced damage in the lung, with more inflammatory cells infiltration, interstitial dilatation and granuloma in the tissue. In summary, this study indicated that TLR7 signaling inhibits the accumulation and function of MDSCs in S. japonicum infected mouse lung by down-regulating the expression of PD-L1/2 and secreting of IL-10, via NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - lengshan Mo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Xie
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Wei
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JH); (QY)
| | - Quan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JH); (QY)
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Prochetto E, Borgna E, Jiménez-Cortegana C, Sánchez-Margalet V, Cabrera G. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and vaccination against pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1003781. [PMID: 36250061 PMCID: PMC9557202 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1003781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the immune system includes molecular and cellular components that play a role in regulating and suppressing the effector immune response in almost any process in which the immune system is involved. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are described as a heterogeneous population of myeloid origin, immature state, with a strong capacity to suppress T cells and other immune populations. Although the initial characterization of these cells was strongly associated with pathological conditions such as cancer and then with chronic and acute infections, extensive evidence supports that MDSCs are also involved in physiological/non-pathological settings, including pregnancy, neonatal period, aging, and vaccination. Vaccination is one of the greatest public health achievements and has reduced mortality and morbidity caused by many pathogens. The primary goal of prophylactic vaccination is to induce protection against a potential pathogen by mimicking, at least in a part, the events that take place during its natural interaction with the host. This strategy allows the immune system to prepare humoral and cellular effector components to cope with the real infection. This approach has been successful in developing vaccines against many pathogens. However, when the infectious agents can evade and subvert the host immune system, inducing cells with regulatory/suppressive capacity, the development of vaccines may not be straightforward. Notably, there is a long list of complex pathogens that can expand MDSCs, for which a vaccine is still not available. Moreover, vaccination against numerous bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi has also been shown to cause MDSC expansion. Increases are not due to a particular adjuvant or immunization route; indeed, numerous adjuvants and immunization routes have been reported to cause an accumulation of this immunosuppressive population. Most of the reports describe that, according to their suppressive nature, MDSCs may limit vaccine efficacy. Taking into account the accumulated evidence supporting the involvement of MDSCs in vaccination, this review aims to compile the studies that highlight the role of MDSCs during the assessment of vaccines against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Prochetto
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe capital, Argentina
| | - Eliana Borgna
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe capital, Argentina
| | - Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Gabriel Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe capital, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Gabriel Cabrera,
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Leonardo L, Kenangalem E, Poespoprodjo JR, Noviyanti R, Price RN, Anstey NM, Minigo G, Kho S. Increased circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells in vivax malaria and severe falciparum malaria. Malar J 2022; 21:255. [PMID: 36068577 PMCID: PMC9446641 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells (MDSC) with immunosuppressive function are increased in human experimental Plasmodium falciparum infection, but have not been studied in clinical malaria. METHODS Using flow-cytometry, circulating polymorphonuclear-MDSC were evaluated in cryopreserved samples from patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax (n = 8) and uncomplicated (n = 4) and severe (n = 16) falciparum malaria from Papua, Indonesia. RESULTS The absolute number of circulating polymorphonuclear-MDSC were significantly elevated in severe falciparum malaria patients compared to controls (n = 10). Polymorphonuclear-MDSC levels in uncomplicated vivax malaria were also elevated to levels comparable to that seen in severe falciparum malaria. CONCLUSION Control of expansion of immunosuppressive MDSC may be important for development of effective immune responses in falciparum and vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Leonardo
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Enny Kenangalem
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Jeanne R Poespoprodjo
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Papua, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Ric N Price
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37LJ, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Steven Kho
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Papua, Indonesia.
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
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Du Y, Luo Y, Hu Z, Lu J, Liu X, Xing C, Wu J, Duan T, Chu J, Wang HY, Su X, Yu X, Wang R. Activation of cGAS-STING by Lethal Malaria N67C Dictates Immunity and Mortality through Induction of CD11b + Ly6C hi Proinflammatory Monocytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103701. [PMID: 35635376 PMCID: PMC9353503 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) play critical roles in the innate immunity against infectious diseases and are required to link pathogen DNA sensing to immune responses. However, the mechanisms by which cGAS-STING-induced cytokines suppress the adaptive immune response against malaria infections remain poorly understood. Here, cGAS-STING signaling is identified to play a detrimental role in regulating anti-malaria immunity. cGAS or STING deficiency in mice markedly prolongs mouse survival during lethal malaria Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67C infections by reducing late interleukin (IL)-6 production. Mechanistically, cGAS/STING recruits myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and specifically induces the p38-dependent signaling pathway for late IL-6 production, which, in turn, expands CD11b+ Ly6Chi proinflammatory monocytes to inhibit immunity. Moreover, the blockage or ablation of the cGAS-STING-MyD88-p38-IL-6 signaling axis or the depletion of CD11b+ Ly6Chi proinflammatory monocytes provides mice a significant survival benefit during N67C and other lethal malaria-strain infections. Taken together, these findings identify a previously unrecognized detrimental role of cGAS-STING-MyD88-p38 axis in infectious diseases through triggering the late IL-6 production and proinflammatory monocyte expansion and provide insight into how targeting the DNA sensing pathway, dysregulated cytokines, and proinflammatory monocytes enhances immunity against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Yien Luo
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
- Department of NeurologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of ImmunologyGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and ApplicationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Jiansen Lu
- Department of ImmunologyGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and ApplicationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
- Department of Joint SurgeryThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Jian Wu
- Malaria Functional Genomics SectionLaboratory of Malaria and Vector ResearchNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Junjun Chu
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Helen Y. Wang
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Department of PediatricsChildren's HospitalKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90027USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Xin‐zhuan Su
- Malaria Functional Genomics SectionLaboratory of Malaria and Vector ResearchNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of ImmunologyGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Single Cell Technology and ApplicationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
- Department of Joint SurgeryThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515China
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Rong‐Fu Wang
- Department of Medicineand Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Department of PediatricsChildren's HospitalKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90027USA
- Center for Inflammation and EpigeneticsHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
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11
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Inhibition of myeloid-derived suppressor cell arginase-1 production enhances T-cell-based immunotherapy against Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4074. [PMID: 35835754 PMCID: PMC9283461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease that is primarily caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, treatment options for cryptococcosis are limited. Here, we show glucuronoxylomannan, the major polysaccharide component of C. neoformans, induces the recruitment of neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice and patients with cryptococcosis. Depletion of neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells enhances host defense against C. neoformans infection. We identify C-type lectin receptor-2d recognizes glucuronoxylomannan to potentiate the immunosuppressive activity of neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells by initiating p38-mediated production of the enzyme arginase-1, which inhibits T-cell mediated antifungal responses. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of arginase-1 expression by a specific inhibitor of p38, SB202190, or an orally available receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib, significantly enhances T-cell mediated antifungal responses against cryptococcosis. These data reveal a crucial suppressive role of neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells during cryptococcosis and highlight a promising immunotherapeutic application by inhibiting arginase-1 production to combat infectious diseases. Cryptococcus neoformans causes opportunistic infection and potentially lethal immunopathology but therapeutic options are limited. Here the authors implicate myeloid derived suppressor cells during C. neoformans infection and suggest targeting arginase-1 production as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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12
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Stevenson MM, Valanparambil RM, Tam M. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: The Expanding World of Helminth Modulation of the Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874308. [PMID: 35757733 PMCID: PMC9229775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with helminths or parasitic worms are highly prevalent worldwide especially in developing regions. Helminths cause chronic infections that are associated with suppression of immune responses to unrelated pathogens, vaccines, and by-stander antigens responsible for dysregulated immune responses as occurs in diseases such as allergies. Helminths use multiple mechanisms to modulate the immune system to evade the highly polarized type 2 immune response required to expel adult worms and for immunity to reinfection. Anthelmintic drugs are efficient in reducing adult worm burdens in helminth-infected individuals, but resistance to these drugs is rapidly increasing and vaccines against these pathogens are not available. Emerging evidence indicate that helminths induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), originally described in tumor-bearing mice and cancer patients. MDSC are a heterogenous population of immature cells that consist of two distinct sub-populations, polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC and monocytic (M)-MDSC based on morphology and phenotype. MDSC suppress the function of T cells and other innate and adaptive immune cells including NK cells and B cells. During cancer or infection with bacteria or viruses, there is marked expansion of MDSC. Furthermore, the frequencies of MDSC correlate inversely with the prognosis and survival of tumor-bearing hosts as well as bacterial and viral burdens, persistence, and outcome in infected hosts. Currently, there is a paucity of data on MDSC and helminth infections. Here, we provide a survey of the evidence accumulated so far that overall support a role for MDSC in modulating immune responses during helminth infections. We review data from studies in various helminths, including those that infect humans. Finally, we summarize the progress to date in understanding the role of MDSC in helminth infections and briefly discuss potential host-directed strategies to target MDSC-mediated suppression of immune responses to helminths in favor of development of immunity to eliminate adult worms and possibly induce protection against reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Stevenson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rajesh M Valanparambil
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mifong Tam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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13
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Grassi G, Notari S, Gili S, Bordoni V, Casetti R, Cimini E, Tartaglia E, Mariotti D, Agrati C, Sacchi A. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in COVID-19: The Paradox of Good. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842949. [PMID: 35572540 PMCID: PMC9092297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Viral replication in the respiratory tract induces the death of infected cells and the release of pathogen- associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs give rise to local inflammation, increasing the secretion of pro- inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which attract immune cells from the blood into the infected lung. In most individuals, lung-recruited cells clear the infection, and the immune response retreats. However, in some cases, a dysfunctional immune response occurs, which triggers a cytokine storm in the lung, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe COVID-19 is characterized by an impaired innate and adaptive immune response and by a massive expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs function as protective regulators of the immune response, protecting the host from over-immunoreactivity and hyper-inflammation. However, under certain conditions, such as chronic inflammation and cancer, MDSCs could exert a detrimental role. Accordingly, the early expansion of MDSCs in COVID-19 is able to predict the fatal outcome of the infection. Here, we review recent data on MDSCs during COVID-19, discussing how they can influence the course of the disease and whether they could be considered as biomarker and possible targets for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Grassi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gili
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Casetti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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14
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IL-6 dependent expansion of inflammatory MDSCs (CD11b+ Gr-1+) promote Th-17 mediated immune response during experimental cerebral malaria. Cytokine 2022; 155:155910. [PMID: 35594680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous cell populations that can suppress T cell responses. Various aspects of MDSCs in regulating immune responses in several cancer and infectious diseases have been reported till date. But the role and regulation of MDSCs have not been systematically studied in the context of malaria. This study depicts the phenotypic and functional characteristics of splenic MDSCs and how they regulate Th-17 mediated immune response during Experimental Cerebral Malaria (ECM). Flow cytometric analysis reveals that MDSCs in the spleen and bone marrow expand at 8 dpi during ECM. Among subtypes of MDSCs, PMN-MDSCs show significant expansion in the spleen but M-MDSCs remain unaltered. Functional analysis of sorted MDSCs from spleens of Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infected mice shows suppressive nature of these cells and high production of Nitric oxide (NO). Besides, MDSCs were also found to express various inflammatory markers during ECM suggesting the M1 type phenotype of these cells. In-vivo depletion of MDSCs by the use of Anti Gr-1 increases mice survival but doesn't significantly alter the parasitemia. Previously, it has been reported that Treg/Th-17 balance in the spleen is skewed towards Th-17 during ECM. Depletion of MDSCs was found to regulate Th-17 percentages to homeostatic levels and subvert various inflammatory changes in the spleen. Among different factors, IL-6 was found to play an important role in the expansion of MDSCs and expression of inflammatory markers on MDSCs in a STAT3-dependent manner. These findings provide a unique insight into the role of IL-6 in the expansion of the MDSC population which causes inflammatory changes and increased Th-17 responses during ECM.
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15
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Tiffney EA, Coombes JL, Legembre P, Flynn RJ. Cleaved CD95L perturbs in vitro macrophages responses to Toxoplasma gondii. Microbes Infect 2022; 24:104952. [PMID: 35240289 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infects approximately 1-2 billion people, and manipulation of the macrophage response is critical to host and parasite survival. A cleaved (cl)-CD95L form can promote cellular migration and we have previously shown that cl-CD95L aggravates inflammation and pathology in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Findings have shown that CD95L is upregulated during human infection, therefore we examined the effect of cl-CD95L on the macrophage response to T. gondii. . We find that cl-CD95L promotes parasite replication in macrophages, associated with increased arginase-1 levels, mediated by signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)6. Inhibition of both arginase-1 and STAT6 reversed the effects of cl-CD95L. Phospho-kinase array showed that cl-CD95L alters Janus Kinases (JAK)/STAT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and Src kinase signals. By triggering changes in JAK/STAT cl-CD95L may limit anti-parasite effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A Tiffney
- Dept. Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, L3 5RF
| | - Janine L Coombes
- Dept. Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, L3 5RF
| | - Patrick Legembre
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Université Rennes-1, INSERM U1242, Rennes, France
| | - Robin J Flynn
- Dept. Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, L3 5RF; Graduate Studies Office, Department of Research, Innovation and Graduate Studies, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland, X91 K0EK.
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16
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Stetter N, Hartmann W, Brunn ML, Stanelle-Bertram S, Gabriel G, Breloer M. A Combination of Deworming and Prime-Boost Vaccination Regimen Restores Efficacy of Vaccination Against Influenza in Helminth-Infected Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 12:784141. [PMID: 34992602 PMCID: PMC8724120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.784141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminths still infect a quarter of the human population. They manage to establish chronic infections by downmodulating the immune system of their hosts. Consequently, the immune response of helminth-infected individuals to vaccinations may be impaired as well. Here we study the impact of helminth-induced immunomodulation on vaccination efficacy in the mouse system. We have previously shown that an underlying Litomosoides sigmodontis infection reduced the antibody (Ab) response to anti-influenza vaccination in the context of a systemic expansion of type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1). Most important, vaccine-induced protection from a challenge infection with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus (2009 pH1N1) was impaired in vaccinated, L. sigmodontis-infected mice. Here, we aim at the restoration of vaccination efficacy by drug-induced deworming. Treatment of mice with Flubendazole (FBZ) resulted in elimination of viable L. sigmodontis parasites in the thoracic cavity after two weeks. Simultaneous FBZ-treatment and vaccination did not restore Ab responses or protection in L. sigmodontis-infected mice. Likewise, FBZ-treatment two weeks prior to vaccination did not significantly elevate the influenza-specific Ig response and did not protect mice from a challenge infection with 2009 pH1N1. Analysis of the regulatory T cell compartment revealed that L. sigmodontis-infected and FBZ-treated mice still displayed expanded Tr1 cell populations that may contribute to the sustained suppression of vaccination responses in successfully dewormed mice. To outcompete this sustained immunomodulation in formerly helminth-infected mice, we finally combined the drug-induced deworming with an improved vaccination regimen. Two injections with the non-adjuvanted anti-influenza vaccine Begripal conferred 60% protection while MF59-adjuvanted Fluad conferred 100% protection from a 2009 pH1N1 infection in FBZ-treated, formerly L. sigmodontis-infected mice. Of note, applying this improved prime-boost regimen did not restore protection in untreated L. sigmodontis-infected mice. In summary our findings highlight the risk of failed vaccinations due to helminth infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Stetter
- Section for Molecular Biology and Immunology, Helminth-Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hartmann
- Section for Molecular Biology and Immunology, Helminth-Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Brunn
- Section for Molecular Biology and Immunology, Helminth-Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stanelle-Bertram
- Research Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology Heinrich Pette Institute (HPI), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Research Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology Heinrich Pette Institute (HPI), Hamburg, Germany.,Institute for Virology, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Minka Breloer
- Section for Molecular Biology and Immunology, Helminth-Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Department for Biology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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YAP1 induces marrow derived suppressor cell recruitment in Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Immunol Lett 2021; 242:8-16. [PMID: 34968530 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is the most commonly diagnosed bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Marrow derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature monocytes and granulocytes, which are effective inhibitors for T cell activation. This study explores the role of MDSCs in the immune escape mechanism of C. trachomatis. We established a vaginal infection model of a BALB/c-Chlamydia trachomatis mouse pneumonia strain (MoPn), and compared the percentages of MDSCs, CD4+T, and CD8+T cells in the spleen and cervix of mice before and after infection. The expression levels of arginase-1 (Arg-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in MDSCs, and the expression level of transcriptional co-activator yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in the cervix were also compared. The results show that the proportion of MDSCs increases, while the proportion of CD4+T and CD8+T cells decreases after C. trachomatis-infection. The expression of Arg-1 and iNOS in MDSCs and YAP1 in host cells is up-regulated. C. trachomatis growth is inhibited after the inhibition of YAP1 in host cells. The proportion of MDSCs decreases after in vivo pharmacological inhibition of YAP1 in the C. trachomatis-infected mouse model. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the participation of MDSC in the immune escape of C. trachomatis under the action of YAP1.
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18
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Viana CEM, Matos DM, Oliveira MDF, da Costa AC, Filho TPDA, Filho PAM, Nunes FMM, Nogueira dos Santos T, Gonçalves RP, Queiroz JAN. Immunosuppressive CD14 +/HLA-DR low/‒ monocytes in patients with Chagas Disease. Acta Trop 2021; 224:106154. [PMID: 34599890 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chagas Disease (CD) is a neglected illness whose immunopathological mechanisms have not yet been plainly elucidated. The asymptomatic (indeterminate) form of CD is a long-term condition and approximately 20% to 35% of the individuals with this form evolve into one of the three chronic symptomatic clinical forms of CD, namely: cardiac, digestive or cardio-digestive (mixed). A variant of blood monocytes characterized by low expression of the HLA-DR antigen (CD14+/HLA-DRlow/‒) constitutes a subtype of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) whose main function is to regulate exacerbated inflammatory processes. The development of the symptomatic forms of CD can be related to the interaction between the host's immune system and the CD14+/HLA-DRlow/‒ immunosuppressive monocytes. Here, we evaluated, by flow cytometry, the absolute number and the HLA-DR antigenic density of this population of MDSCs in 57 patients with the diagnosis of CD: 34 with the symptomatic clinical forms (26 cardiac and 8 mixed) and 23 with the asymptomatic (indeterminate) form. The asymptomatic form exhibited a greater number of CD14+/HLA-DRlow/‒ monocytes and, accordingly, a low HLA-DR antigenic density, when compared to the symptomatic forms. It is possible to speculate that the predominance of CD14+/HLA-DRlow/- monocytes in the patients with the asymptomatic (indeterminate) form might have been a factor that could delay or even prevent the evolution of the asymptomatic form to the symptomatic forms of Chagas Disease.
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Immunosuppression in Malaria: Do Plasmodium falciparum Parasites Hijack the Host? Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101277. [PMID: 34684226 PMCID: PMC8536967 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria reflects not only a state of immune activation, but also a state of general immune defect or immunosuppression, of complex etiology that can last longer than the actual episode. Inhabitants of malaria-endemic regions with lifelong exposure to the parasite show an exhausted or immune regulatory profile compared to non- or minimally exposed subjects. Several studies and experiments to identify and characterize the cause of this malaria-related immunosuppression have shown that malaria suppresses humoral and cellular responses to both homologous (Plasmodium) and heterologous antigens (e.g., vaccines). However, neither the underlying mechanisms nor the relative involvement of different types of immune cells in immunosuppression during malaria is well understood. Moreover, the implication of the parasite during the different stages of the modulation of immunity has not been addressed in detail. There is growing evidence of a role of immune regulators and cellular components in malaria that may lead to immunosuppression that needs further research. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on how malaria parasites may directly and indirectly induce immunosuppression and investigate the potential role of specific cell types, effector molecules and other immunoregulatory factors.
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20
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Fresno M, Gironès N. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:737364. [PMID: 34513737 PMCID: PMC8430253 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.737364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature heterogeneous myeloid cells that expand in pathologic conditions as cancer, trauma, and infection. Although characterization of MDSCs is continuously revisited, the best feature is their suppressor activity. There are many markers for MDSC identification, it is distinctive that they express inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase 1, which can mediate immune suppression. MDSCs can have a medullary origin as a result of emergency myelopoiesis, but also can have an extramedullary origin. Early studies on Trypanosoma cruzi infection showed severe immunosuppression, and several mechanisms involving parasite antigens and host cell mediators were described as inhibition of IL-2 and IL-2R. Another mechanism of immunosuppression involving tumor necrosis factor/interferon γ-dependent nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synthase was also described. Moreover, other studies showed that nitric oxide was produced by CD11b+ Gr-1+ MDSCs in the spleen, and later iNOS and arginase 1 expressed in CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6Glo monocytic MDSC were found in spleen and heart of T. cruzi infected mice that suppressed T cell proliferation. Uncontrolled expansion of monocytic MDSCs leads to L-arginine depletion which hinders nitric oxide production leading to death. Supplement of L-arginine partially reverts L-arginine depletion and survival, suggesting that L-arginine could be administered along with anti-parasitical drugs. On the other hand, pharmacological inhibition of MDSCs leads to death in mice, suggesting that some expansion of MDSCs is needed for an efficient immune response. The role of signaling molecules mediating immune suppression as reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, as well as prostaglandin E2, characteristics of MDSCs, in T. cruzi infection is not fully understood. We review and discuss the role of these reactive species mediators produced by MDSCs. Finally, we discuss the latest results that link the SLAMF1 immune receptor with reactive oxygen species. Interaction of the parasite with the SLAMF1 modulates parasite virulence through myeloid cell infectivity and reactive oxygen species production. We discuss the possible strategies for targeting MDSCs and SLAMF1 receptor in acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice, to evaluate a possible translational application in human acute infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Group 12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Gironès
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Group 12, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Sebai E, Abidi A, Serairi R, Marzouki M, Saratsi K, Darghouth MA, Sotiraki S, Akkari H. Essential oil of Mentha pulegium induces anthelmintic effects and reduces parasite-associated oxidative stress in rodent model. Exp Parasitol 2021; 225:108105. [PMID: 33812980 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Following the previous findings reported by the present authors on the anthelmintic effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of Mentha pulegium, the volatile constituents of M. pulegium are now assessed in the present study by exploring its anthelmintic and its antioxidant proprieties using in vitro and in vivo assays. Egg hatch assay (EHA) and adult worm's motility assays (AWMA) were used to assess the in vitro activity against Haemonchus. contortus. The in vivo anthelmintic potential was evaluated in mice infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus using faecal egg count reduction (FECR) and total worm count reduction (TWCR). M. pulegium EO demonstrated 100% inhibition in the EHA at 200 μg/mL (IC50 = 56.36 μg/mL). In the AWM assay, EO achieved total worms paralysis 6 h after treatment exposure. This nematicidal effect was associated to morphological damages observed in the cuticular's worm using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). At 400 mg/kg, M. pulegium oil showed 75.66% of FECR and 80.23% of TWCR. The antioxidant potential of this plant was also monitored by several in vitro assays: total antioxidant capacity was 205.22 mg GAE/g DW, DPPH quenching effect was IC50 = 140 μg/mL, ABTS activity IC50 = 155 μg/mL and FRAP effect of 660 μg/mL. Regarding the in vivo assay, M. pulegium EO demonstrated a protective effect against oxidative stress by increasing the activity of the endogenous antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GPx) during H. polygyrus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essia Sebai
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Manar II Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Amel Abidi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Manar II Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Serairi
- National School of Health Sciences of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Medicinales, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj- Cedria, B.P. 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moomen Marzouki
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Pôle Technologique de Sidi Thabet Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Katerina Saratsi
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mohamed Aziz Darghouth
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Smaragda Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hafidh Akkari
- Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
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22
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Lamsfus Calle C, Fendel R, Singh A, Richie TL, Hoffman SL, Kremsner PG, Mordmüller B. Expansion of Functional Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Controlled Human Malaria Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625712. [PMID: 33815377 PMCID: PMC8017236 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria can cause life-threatening complications which are often associated with inflammatory reactions. More subtle, but also contributing to the burden of disease are chronic, often subclinical infections, which result in conditions like anemia and immunologic hyporesponsiveness. Although very frequent, such infections are difficult to study in endemic regions because of interaction with concurrent infections and immune responses. In particular, knowledge about mechanisms of malaria-induced immunosuppression is scarce. We measured circulating immune cells by cytometry in healthy, malaria-naïve, adult volunteers undergoing controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) with a focus on potentially immunosuppressive cells. Infectious Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites (SPZ) (PfSPZ Challenge) were inoculated during two independent studies to assess malaria vaccine efficacy. Volunteers were followed daily until parasites were detected in the circulation by RT-qPCR. This allowed us to analyze immune responses during pre-patency and at very low parasite densities in malaria-naïve healthy adults. We observed a consistent increase in circulating polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in volunteers who developed P. falciparum blood stage parasitemia. The increase was independent of preceding vaccination with a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine. PMN-MDSC were functional, they suppressed CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation as shown by ex-vivo co-cultivation with stimulated T cells. PMN-MDSC reduced T cell proliferation upon stimulation by about 50%. Interestingly, high circulating PMN-MDSC numbers were associated with lymphocytopenia. The number of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg) and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) showed no significant parasitemia-dependent variation. These results highlight PMN-MDSC in the peripheral circulation as an early indicator of infection during malaria. They suppress CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in vitro. Their contribution to immunosuppression in vivo in subclinical and uncomplicated malaria will be the subject of further research. Pre-emptive antimalarial pre-treatment of vaccinees to reverse malaria-associated PMN-MDSC immunosuppression could improve vaccine response in exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rolf Fendel
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Pediatrics 1, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
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23
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Singh R, Chakraborty M, Gautam A, Roy SK, Halder I, Barber J, Garg A. Residual immune activation in HIV-Infected individuals expands monocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells. Cell Immunol 2021; 362:104304. [PMID: 33610024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) with virologic suppression exhibit sustained immune dysfunction. Our recent work has highlighted that monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) are elevated in these individuals and suppress immune responses. Factors responsible for M-MDSC expansion in vivo are unknown. Here we compared circulating frequency of M-MDSC in HIV-infected persons from the US and India where HIV subtype-B or -C predominate, respectively. We further investigated soluble mediators of residual immune activation in two cohorts and determined their correlation with M-MDSC expansion. Our findings show that M-MDSC are elevated and correlate with plasma levels of IL-6 in both cohorts. Chemokines CXCL10, CCL4 and CXCL8 were also elevated in HIV-infected individuals, but did not correlate with M-MDSC. These findings support that IL-6 is important in M-MDSC expansion which is independent of HIV subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Singh
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
| | - Mouli Chakraborty
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Departments of Chest andRespiratory Diseases JN Medical College and Hospital, Kalyani West Bengal, India
| | - Anuradha Gautam
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Departments of Chest andRespiratory Diseases JN Medical College and Hospital, Kalyani West Bengal, India
| | - Suman K Roy
- Community Medicine and Chest andRespiratory Diseases JN Medical College and Hospital, Kalyani West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Halder
- Chest andRespiratory Diseases JN Medical College and Hospital, Kalyani West Bengal, India
| | - Jamie Barber
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA
| | - Ankita Garg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA.
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24
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Brodaczewska KK, Donskow-Łysoniewska K, Krawczak K, Doligalska M. Role of l-arginine and CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in immunosuppression induced by Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12704. [PMID: 32049381 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are heterogeneous population of monocyte and granulocyte progenitors that are highly suppressive against T cells. In BALB/c mice infected with a nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri, we studied the dynamics of MDSCs, identified as CD11b+Gr-1+, induction in different tissues along with the development of parasite infection. We observed that MDSC-like cells are induced both by larvae and adult stages of H polygyrus bakeri. Gr-1+ cells of suppressive phenotype are recruited in the bone marrow, peripheral blood and peritoneal cavity during histotropic phase of infection and are present at that time in the intestine wall, where worms reside. Later, during intestinal phase, suppressive Gr-1+ cells increased in mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen. l-arginine metabolism was important for the protective immunity, and parasite-induced Gr-1+ cells showed elevated arginase-1 and iNOS expression. Inhibition of arginase-1 and l-arginine administration caused reduced level of infection that coincided with weaker suppressive phenotype of Gr-1+ cells. We identified that l-arginine pathway activation and induction of MDSC-like cells characterize immunosuppressive state during H polygyrus bakeri infection in mice. Our findings confirm the role of MDSCs in parasitic infections and point l-arginine pathway as a potential target for immunomodulation during nematode infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katarzyna Krawczak
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Doligalska
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Cai X, Li Z, Zhao Y, Katz J, Michalek SM, Feng X, Li Y, Zhang P. Enhanced dual function of osteoclast precursors following calvarial Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:410-425. [PMID: 31944305 PMCID: PMC7250733 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Excessive osteoclast activity is a major characteristic of pathogenic bone loss in inflammatory bone diseases including periodontitis. However, beyond the knowledge that osteoclasts are differentiated from the monocyte/macrophage lineage and share common ancestry with macrophages and DC, the nature and function of osteoclast precursors are not completely understood. Furthermore, little is known about how osteoclast precursors respond to bacterial infection in vivo. We have previously demonstrated in vitro that the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) plays a biphasic role on the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)–induced osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect of Pg infection on the regulation of osteoclast precursors, using a mouse calvarial infection model. Methods and results C57BL/6 wild‐type and the myeloid differentiation factor 88 knockout (MyD88−/−) mice were infected with Pg by calvarial injection. Local and systemic bone loss, and the number and function of CD11b+c‐fms+ cells from bone marrow and spleen were analyzed. Our results show that Pg infection induces localized inflammatory infiltration and osteoclastogenesis, as well as increased number and osteoclastogenic potential of CD11b+c‐fms+ osteoclast precursors in the bone marrow and periphery. We also show that CD11b+c‐fms+RANK+ and CD11b+c‐fms+RANK− are precursors with similar osteoclastogenic and pro‐inflammatory potentials. In addition, CD11b+c‐fms+ cells exhibit an antigen‐specific T‐cell immune‐suppressive activity, which are increased with Pg infection. Moreover, we demonstrate that MyD88 is involved in the regulation of osteoclast precursors upon Pg infection. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced dual function of osteoclast precursors following calvarial Pg infection. Based on our findings, we propose the following model: Pg infection increases a pool of precursor cells that can be shunted toward osteoclast formation at the infection/inflammation sites, while at the same time dampening host immune responses, which is beneficial for the persistence of infection and maintenance of the characteristic chronic nature of periodontitis. Understanding the nature, function, and regulation of osteoclast precursors will be helpful for identifying therapeutic interventions to aid in the control and prevention of inflammatory bone loss diseases including periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaofei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jenny Katz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Suzanne M Michalek
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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26
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Nixon AB, Schalper KA, Jacobs I, Potluri S, Wang IM, Fleener C. Peripheral immune-based biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy: can we realize their predictive potential? J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:325. [PMID: 31775882 PMCID: PMC6880594 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunologic landscape of the host and tumor play key roles in determining how patients will benefit from immunotherapy, and a better understanding of these factors could help inform how well a tumor responds to treatment. Recent advances in immunotherapy and in our understanding of the immune system have revolutionized the treatment landscape for many advanced cancers. Notably, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has demonstrated durable responses in various malignancies. However, the response to such treatments is variable and currently unpredictable, the availability of predictive biomarkers is limited, and a substantial proportion of patients do not respond to immune checkpoint therapy. Identification and investigation of potential biomarkers that may predict sensitivity to immunotherapy is an area of active research. It is envisaged that a deeper understanding of immunity will aid in harnessing the full potential of immunotherapy, and allow appropriate patients to receive the most appropriate treatments. In addition to the identification of new biomarkers, the platforms and assays required to accurately and reproducibly measure biomarkers play a key role in ensuring consistency of measurement both within and between patients. In this review we discuss the current knowledge in the area of peripheral immune-based biomarkers, drawing information from the results of recent clinical studies of a number of different immunotherapy modalities in the treatment of cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and anti-cancer vaccines. We also discuss the various technologies and approaches used in detecting and measuring circulatory biomarkers and the ongoing need for harmonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Nixon
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine/Medical Oncology, 133 Jones Building, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Yale School of Medicine, Translational Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar St. FMP117, New Haven, CT, 06520-8023, USA
| | - Ira Jacobs
- Pfizer Inc, Early Oncology Development and Clinical Research, 219 East 42nd St, New York, NY, 10017-5755, USA
| | - Shobha Potluri
- Pfizer Inc., Computational Biology, 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - I-Ming Wang
- Pfizer Inc., 10777 Science Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Catherine Fleener
- Pfizer Inc., Translational Oncology, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Present Address: Translational Science at Samumed, LLC, La Jolla, CA, USA
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27
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Guo PL, Li LH, Li WL, Zhao JC, Hu FY, Zhang FC, Cai WP, Tang XP. The clinical significance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in dengue fever patients. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:926. [PMID: 31675923 PMCID: PMC6824033 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play immunosuppressive roles in cancers and some infectious diseases; however, their role in dengue fever (DF) remains unknown. This study evaluated the clinical significance of MDSCs in DF patients. Methods This study comprised 178 non-severe DF patients, 20 non-dengue fever (NDF) controls, and 30 healthy donors. The DF patients were divided into the following five groups based on the fever duration from its onset to the day of sample collection: fever duration of 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, and > 9 days. Among these DF patients, 14 were monitored for eight days, and their peripheral blood samples were collected every two days. The mononuclear cells were isolated and analyzed using flow cytometry. The correlation between the MDSCs and clinical and immunological indicators of the DF patients was evaluated using Spearman analysis. Results The count of the peripheral blood MDSCs, especially monocytic MDSCs, of the 178 DF patients were dramatically higher than those of the NDF and healthy controls, and remarkably decreased with the fever duration. Moreover, the MDSC count correlated with some indicators, including the dengue viral load (rho = 0.367, p < .001), body temperature (rho = 0.263, p = .005), prothrombin time (rho = 0.475, p < .001), CD4+ T cell number (rho = − 0.317, p < .001), CD8+ T cell number (rho = − 0.361, p < .001), “programmed cell death protein 1” (PD-1) (rho = − 0.347, p < .001), “T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3” (Tim3) (rho = − 0.258, p = .001), interferon-α (IFN-α) (rho = 0.43, p < .001), and “regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted” (RANTES) (rho = 0.278, p = .019). Furthermore, the level of arginase-1, but not nitric oxide, was higher in the DF patients than in the healthy controls and was closely related to the number of MDSCs (rho = 0.265, p = .024). Conclusions Our study reveals a significant correlation between MDSCs and DF clinical indicators, posing MDSCs as potential target cells for DF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Le Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling-Hua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen-Li Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Cun Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng-Yu Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fu-Chun Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Ping Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
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28
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Dorhoi A, Glaría E, Garcia-Tellez T, Nieuwenhuizen NE, Zelinskyy G, Favier B, Singh A, Ehrchen J, Gujer C, Münz C, Saraiva M, Sohrabi Y, Sousa AE, Delputte P, Müller-Trutwin M, Valledor AF. MDSCs in infectious diseases: regulation, roles, and readjustment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:673-685. [PMID: 30569204 PMCID: PMC11028159 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many pathogens, ranging from viruses to multicellular parasites, promote expansion of MDSCs, which are myeloid cells that exhibit immunosuppressive features. The roles of MDSCs in infection depend on the class and virulence mechanisms of the pathogen, the stage of the disease, and the pathology associated with the infection. This work compiles evidence supported by functional assays on the roles of different subsets of MDSCs in acute and chronic infections, including pathogen-associated malignancies, and discusses strategies to modulate MDSC dynamics to benefit the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Dorhoi
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Estibaliz Glaría
- Nuclear Receptor Group, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 3rd floor, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Gennadiy Zelinskyy
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benoit Favier
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, IBJF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anurag Singh
- University Children's Hospital and Interdisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Ehrchen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Gujer
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Yahya Sohrabi
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ana E Sousa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Delputte
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Annabel F Valledor
- Nuclear Receptor Group, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 3rd floor, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.
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29
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Characterization of immune cell subtypes in three commonly used mouse strains reveals gender and strain-specific variations. J Transl Med 2019; 99:93-106. [PMID: 30353130 PMCID: PMC6524955 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of consensus on bone marrow (BM) and splenic immune cell profiles in preclinical mouse strains complicates comparative analysis across different studies. Although studies have documented relative distribution of immune cells from peripheral blood in mice, similar studies for BM and spleen from naïve mice are lacking. In an effort to establish strain- and gender-specific benchmarks for distribution of various immune cell subtypes in these organs, we performed immunophenotypic analysis of BM cells and splenocytes from both genders of three commonly used murine strains (C57BL/6NCr, 129/SvHsd, and BALB/cAnNCr). Total neutrophils and splenic macrophages were significantly higher in C57BL/6NCr, whereas total B cells were lower. Within C57BL/6NCr female mice, BM B cells were elevated with respect to the males whereas splenic mDCs and splenic neutrophils were reduced. Within BALB/cAnNCr male mice, BM CD4+ Tregs were elevated with respect to the other strains. Furthermore, in male BALB/cAnNCr mice, NK cells were elevated with respect to the other strains in both BM and spleen. Splenic CD4+ Tregs and splenic CD8+ T cells were reduced in male BALB/c mice in comparison to female mice. Bone marrow CD4+ T cells and mDCs were significantly increased in 129/SvHsd whereas splenic CD8+ T cells were reduced. In general, males exhibited higher immature myeloid cells, macrophages, and NK cells. To our knowledge, this study provides a first attempt to systematically establish organ-specific benchmarks on immune cells in studies involving these mouse strains.
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30
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Clappaert EJ, Murgaski A, Van Damme H, Kiss M, Laoui D. Diamonds in the Rough: Harnessing Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells for Cancer Therapy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2250. [PMID: 30349530 PMCID: PMC6186813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches that engage immune cells to treat cancer are becoming increasingly utilized in the clinics and demonstrated durable clinical benefit in several solid tumor types. Most of the current immunotherapies focus on manipulating T cells, however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is abundantly infiltrated by a heterogeneous population of tumor-associated myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Educated by signals perceived in the TME, these cells often acquire tumor-promoting properties ultimately favoring disease progression. Upon appropriate stimuli, myeloid cells can exhibit cytoxic, phagocytic, and antigen-presenting activities thereby bolstering antitumor immune responses. Thus, depletion, reprogramming or reactivation of myeloid cells to either directly eradicate malignant cells or promote antitumor T-cell responses is an emerging field of interest. In this review, we briefly discuss the tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive roles of myeloid cells in the TME, and describe potential therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical development that aim to target them to further expand the range of current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile J. Clappaert
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aleksandar Murgaski
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mate Kiss
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Yin J, Shen Y, Yu A, Liu C, Yao J, Gong W, Cao J. The proangiogenic role of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice infected with Echinococcus granulosus. Biosci Trends 2018; 12:338-341. [PMID: 30012917 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to first evaluate the proangiogenic activity of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in mice infected with Echinococcus granulosus. PMN-MDSCs derived from experimentally infected mice were collected and cultured in vitro, and their effect on angiogenesis was investigated using a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube-formation assay stimulated with the supernatant by microscope and the Angiogenesis module of the software NIH Image J. In addition, the expression levels of several functional factors related to proangiogenic activity were analyzed. The results showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was increased in the serum from infected mice, and the PMN-MDSCs expressed VEGF directly. The culture supernatant from PMN-MDSCs significantly promoted HUVECs to form tubes. VEGF mRNA was higher and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levels were lower, in PMN-MDSCs from infected mice than in those from control mice. In conclusion, host angiogenesis in mice infected with E. granulosus appeared to be promoted by PMN-MDSCs. Other specific angiogenic factors derived from PMN-MDSCs and parasites in the microenvironment of infection foci should be clarified in further studies, in order to provide more information for the prophylaxis and treatment of echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Yin
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Yujuan Shen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Aiping Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Congshan Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Jiaqing Yao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Wenci Gong
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health
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Onyilagha C, Kuriakose S, Ikeogu N, Jia P, Uzonna J. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Contribute to Susceptibility to Trypanosoma congolense Infection by Suppressing CD4 + T Cell Proliferation and IFN-γ Production. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:507-515. [PMID: 29898961 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of bone marrow-derived myeloid cells that have immune-suppressive activities. These cells have been reported to suppress T cell immunity against tumors as well as in some parasitic and bacterial infections. However, their role during Trypanosoma congolense infection has not been studied. Given that immunosuppression is a hallmark of African trypanosomiasis, we investigated the role of MDSCs in immunity to T. congolense infection. We found increased numbers of MDSCs in the spleen and liver of infected mice, which correlated with increased parasitemia. Depletion of MDSCs significantly increased the percentage of proliferating and IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells from the spleen of T. congolense-infected mice. Furthermore, MDSCs from T. congolense-infected mice directly suppressed CD4+ T cell proliferation in a coculture setting. This suppressive effect was abolished by the arginase-1 inhibitor, Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (nor-NOHA), indicating that MDSCs suppress CD4+ T cell proliferation and function in an arginase-1-dependent manner. Indeed, depletion of MDSCs during infection led to control of the first wave of parasitemia and prolonged survival of infected mice. This was also associated with increased CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. Taken together, our findings identify an important role of MDSCs in the pathogenesis of experimental T. congolense infection via suppression of T cell proliferative and effector cytokine responses in an arginase-1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso Onyilagha
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Shiby Kuriakose
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Nnamdi Ikeogu
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Jude Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and .,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
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Effects of Glycyrrhizin on the Differentiation of Myeloid Cells of the Heart and Lungs in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Mice. Shock 2018; 48:371-376. [PMID: 28221243 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin (GR) on the ratio of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to cluster of differentiation (CD)11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the heart and lungs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice. METHODS Mice were divided into three groups: Control, LPS, and LPS+GR. After intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline for the Control group, LPS for the LPS group, and a combination of LPS and GR for the LPS+GR group, fluorescence-activated cell sorting was utilized to evaluate cytokines and immune cells in the blood, heart, and lungs. Histopathologic analysis of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 was also performed. RESULTS The cytokine amounts in the LPS and LPS+GR groups were significantly higher than in the Control group; however, that in the LPS+GR group was significant lower than in the LPS group. The ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the LPS+GR group was significantly higher than in the LPS group but was significantly lower than in the Control group. The staining intensity of TLR4 showed the same pattern as that of cytokines in the heart and lungs. TLR4 staining was significantly lower in the LPS+GR group than in the LPS group but was higher than that in the Control group. CONCLUSION GR exhibited protective effects on the heart and lungs in LPS-induced septic mice. The effects were associated with an elevated ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells and the inhibition of cytokine release and TLR4 expression after GR injection.
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Zöller M. Janus-Faced Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Exosomes for the Good and the Bad in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:137. [PMID: 29456536 PMCID: PMC5801414 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells originally described to hamper immune responses in chronic infections. Meanwhile, they are known to be a major obstacle in cancer immunotherapy. On the other hand, MDSC can interfere with allogeneic transplant rejection and may dampen autoreactive T cell activity. Whether MDSC-Exosomes (Exo) can cope with the dangerous and potentially therapeutic activities of MDSC is not yet fully explored. After introducing MDSC and Exo, it will be discussed, whether a blockade of MDSC-Exo could foster the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer and mitigate tumor progression supporting activities of MDSC. It also will be outlined, whether application of native or tailored MDSC-Exo might prohibit autoimmune disease progression. These considerations are based on the steadily increasing knowledge on Exo composition, their capacity to distribute throughout the organism combined with selectivity of targeting, and the ease to tailor Exo and includes open questions that answers will facilitate optimizing protocols for a MDSC-Exo blockade in cancer as well as for strengthening their therapeutic efficacy in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Zöller
- Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Wen L, Gong P, Liang C, Shou D, Liu B, Chen Y, Bao C, Chen L, Liu X, Liang T, Gong W. Interplay between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Th17 cells: foe or friend? Oncotarget 2018; 7:35490-6. [PMID: 27007054 PMCID: PMC5085246 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Th17 cells were first discovered in the fields of cancer and autoimmunity, respectively. In recent years, their activities have been explored in other biological and pathological conditions, such as infective diseases and solid organ transplantation. However, the interplay between MDSCs and Th17 cells and the mechanism of their interaction remain obscure. This review summarized and analyzed the relationship between MDSCs and Th17 cells, both of which participate in tumor, autoimmune disease, infection and other conditions. In tumors, the increase in MDSCs at the tumor site is usually accompanied by the accumulation of Th17 cells. However, their relationship is inconsistent in different tumors. In arthritic mice or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, an increase in MDSCs, which could ameliorate disease symptoms, causes decreased IL-17A gene expression and Th17 cells accumulation. Furthermore, we concluded that the interaction between MDSCs and Th17 cells is mainly mediated by cytokines. However, the mechanisms require further investigation. Determining the details of their interplay will provide a better understanding of immune networks and could lead to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Shou
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqing Liu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqian Bao
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Gong
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Human cancers exhibit formidable molecular heterogeneity, to a large extent accounting for the incomplete and transitory efficacy of current anti-cancer therapies. However, neoplastic cells alone do not manifest the disease, but conscript a battery of non-tumor cells to enable and sustain hallmark capabilities of cancer. Escaping immunosurveillance is one of such capabilities. Tumors evolve immunosuppressive microenvironment to subvert anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we will focus on tumor-associated myeloid cells, which constitute an essential part of the immune microenvironment and reciprocally interact with cancer cells to establish malignancy toward metastasis. The diversity and plasticity of these cells constitute another layer of heterogeneity, beyond the heterogeneity of cancer cells themselves. We envision that immune microenvironment co-evolves with the genetic heterogeneity of tumor. Addressing the question of how genetically distinct tumors shape and are shaped by unique immune microenvironment will provide an attractive rationale to develop novel immunotherapeutic modalities. Here, we discuss the complex nature of tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on the cellular and functional heterogeneity among tumor-associated myeloid cells as well as immune environment heterogeneity in the context of a full spectrum of human breast cancers.
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Hammami A, Abidin BM, Charpentier T, Fabié A, Duguay AP, Heinonen KM, Stäger S. HIF-1α is a key regulator in potentiating suppressor activity and limiting the microbicidal capacity of MDSC-like cells during visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006616. [PMID: 28892492 PMCID: PMC5608422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania donovani is known to induce myelopoiesis and to dramatically increase extramedullary myelopoiesis. This results in splenomegaly, which is then accompanied by disruption of the splenic microarchitecture, a chronic inflammatory environment, and immunosuppression. Chronically inflamed tissues are typically hypoxic. The role of hypoxia on myeloid cell functions during visceral leishmaniasis has not yet been studied. Here we show that L. donovani promotes the output from the bone marrow of monocytes with a regulatory phenotype that function as safe targets for the parasite. We also demonstrate that splenic myeloid cells acquire MDSC-like function in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. HIF-1α is also involved in driving the polarization towards M2-like macrophages and rendering intermediate stage monocytes more susceptible to L. donovani infection. Our results suggest that HIF-1α is a major player in the establishment of chronic Leishmania infection and is crucial for enhancing immunosuppressive functions and lowering leishmanicidal capacity of myeloid cells. The protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani causes chronic infection in the spleen, which is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory environment, an enlargement of the organ, and immunosuppression. The environment of chronically inflamed tissues is characterized by low oxygen levels and tissue disruption, which induce the expression of the transcription factor HIF-1α in all cells. The kinetics of monocyte production and differentiation in the bone marrow and the spleen, and the role of hypoxia in myeloid cell functions during visceral leishmaniasis have not yet been studied. Here we show that L. donovani promotes the output from the bone marrow of monocytes with a regulatory phenotype that function as safe targets for the parasite. We also demonstrate that HIF-1α potentiates inhibitory functions of myeloid cells and is involved in driving the polarization towards M2-like macrophages and rendering them more susceptible to L. donovani infection. Our results suggest that HIF-1α is a major player in the establishment of chronic Leishmania infection and is crucial for enhancing immunosuppressive functions and lowering leishmanicidal capacity of myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akil Hammami
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Belma Melda Abidin
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Tania Charpentier
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Aymeric Fabié
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Annie-Pier Duguay
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Krista M. Heinonen
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
| | - Simona Stäger
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and Center for Host-Parasite interactions, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (QC), Canada
- * E-mail:
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Forghani P, Petersen CT, Waller EK. Activation of VIP signaling enhances immunosuppressive effect of MDSCs on CMV-induced adaptive immunity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81873-81879. [PMID: 29137229 PMCID: PMC5669855 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is recognized as a potent anti-inflammatory factor which affects both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. These effects include, but are not limited to, inhibition of T cell proliferation and disruption of immune homeostasis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are an immune regulatory cell type that has been described in settings of cancer and infectious disease._Here we demonstrate a reduced circulating monocytic MDSCs in the VIP -/-vs. wild type MCMV. VIP-/- MDSCs secretes less NO upon stimulation with LPS and interferon that relatively lose the ability to suppress T cells activation in vitro compared to wild type MDSCs._Considering the importance of VIP in immunomodulation, the possible effect of VIP in the suppressive function of MDSC populations following CMV infection remains unknown. We describe the possible role of VIP in the regulation of anti-CMV activity of T cells through the activation of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Forghani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher T Petersen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Phenotype and Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00213-17. [PMID: 28533469 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00213-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major etiologic agent of periodontitis, has been reported to induce the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC); however, little is known regarding the subpopulations of MDSC expanded by P. gingivalis infection. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate bone marrow and spleen cells from mice infected with P. gingivalis and controls for surface expression of CD11b, Ly6G, and Ly6C. To characterize the phenotype of MDSC subpopulations induced by infection, cells were sorted based on the differential expression of Ly6G and Ly6C. Moreover, since MDSC are suppressors of T cell immune activity, we determined the effect of the induced subpopulations of MDSC on the proliferative response of OVA-specific CD4+ T cells. Lastly, the plasticity of MDSC to differentiate into osteoclasts was assessed by staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. P. gingivalis infection induced the expansion of three subpopulations of MDSC (Ly6G++ Ly6C+, Ly6G+ Ly6C++, and Ly6G+ Ly6C+); however, only CD11b+ Ly6G+ Ly6C++-expressing cells exerted a significant suppressive effect on T cell proliferation. Inhibition of proliferative responses required T cell-MDSC contact and was mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase and cationic amino acid transporter 2 via gamma interferon. Furthermore, only the CD11b+ Ly6G+ Ly6C++ subpopulation of MDSC induced by P. gingivalis infection was able to differentiate into osteoclasts. Thus, the inflammatory response induced by P. gingivalis infection promotes the expansion of immune-suppressive cells and consequently the development of regulatory inhibitors that curtail the host response. Moreover, monocytic MDSC have the plasticity to differentiate into OC, thus perhaps contributing to the OC pool in states of periodontal disease.
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Abstract
Many major tropical diseases are caused by long-lived helminth parasites that are able to survive by modulation of the host immune system, including the innate compartment of myeloid cells. In particular, dendritic cells and macrophages show markedly altered phenotypes during parasite infections. In addition, many specialized subsets such as eosinophils and basophils expand dramatically in response to these pathogens. The changes in phenotype and function, and their effects on both immunity to infection and reactivity to bystander antigens such as allergens, are discussed.
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Wu Y, Yan Y, Su Z, Bie Q, Chen X, Barnie PA, Guo Q, Wang S, Xu H. Enhanced circulating ILC2s and MDSCs may contribute to ensure maintenance of Th2 predominant in patients with lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4374-4381. [PMID: 28487978 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were demonstrated to be involved in the initiation and coordination of type 2 T helper cell (Th2) responses. Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have received a great deal of attention for their role in creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancer‑bearing hosts. However, the contributions of ILC2s in the occurrence and development of lung cancer, and the association between ILC2s and Th2 or MDSCs in lung cancer remain to be elucidated. In the present study, 36 patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer based on the guidelines of the International Union Against Cancer Tumor Node Metastasis were included. The frequencies of ILC2s and MDSCs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined, and the mRNA expression levels of ILC2s or Th2‑related transcription factors and cytokines, and MDSCs‑related products were assessed. The results demonstrated that the frequencies of the circulatory ILC2s and MDSCs were enhanced in lung cancer patients, as were ILC2‑related transcription factors and cytokines in peripheral blood. A positive correlation was identified between the Th2‑dominated phenotype and the expression levels of ILC2s‑associated cytokines or transcription factors. In addition, increased autophagy related 1 was closely associated with Th2‑associated transcription factors. It was demonstrated that ILC2s and MDSCs were clearly upregulated and accompanied by a predominant Th2 phenotype in patients with lung cancer; this may lead to new immunotherapy approaches for lung cancer based on the associated metabolites and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yulan Yan
- Department of Pulmonology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Qingli Bie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Prince Amoah Barnie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
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Yang Q, Qiu H, Xie H, Qi Y, Cha H, Qu J, Wang M, Feng Y, Ye X, Mu J, Huang J. A Schistosoma japonicum Infection Promotes the Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Activating the JAK/STAT3 Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4716-4727. [PMID: 28476935 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous group of immune cells from the myeloid lineage, play an important part in suppression of host immune responses during many pathologic conditions, including cancer and infectious diseases. Thus, understanding the functional diversity of these cells as well as the underlying mechanisms is crucial for the development of disease control strategies. The role of MDSCs during Schistosoma japonicum infection, however, is not clear, and there is a lack of systematic study so far. In this study, we provide strong evidence that the soluble egg Ag (SEA) and schistosome worm Ag (SWA) of S. japonicum enhance the accumulation of MDSCs. Ag-induced MDSCs have more potent suppressive effects on T cell responses than do control MDSCs in both in vivo S. japonicum infection and in vitro SEA- and SWA-treated mouse bone marrow cells experiments. Interestingly, the enhanced suppressive activity of MDSCs by Ag administration was coupled with a dramatic induction of the NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p47phox and was dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that the Ag effects are mediated by JAK/STAT3 signaling. Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation by the JAK inhibitor JSI-124 almost completely abolished the Ag effects on the MDSCs. In summary, this study sheds new light on the immune modulatory role of SEA and SWA and demonstrates that the expansion of MDSCs may be an important element of a cellular network regulating immune responses during S. japonicum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Functional Experiment Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Qi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hefei Cha
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China; .,Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China; .,Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
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Primary Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri infection induces myeloid-derived suppressor cells that suppress CD4 + Th2 responses and promote chronic infection. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:238-249. [PMID: 27072608 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri is chronic in C57BL/6 (B6) mice whereas challenge infection is rapidly eliminated. F4/80-CD11b+Gr+ cells, presumed to be neutrophils, were reported to accumulate around encysting larvae in intestinal tissue during primary infection, but their exact identity and role remain unclear. We observed significant increases in F4/80-CD11bhiGr1hi cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleen after primary but not challenge infection; a high proportion of these cells expressed Ly6G and Ly6C. These cells, which phenotypically resemble myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), increased in lamina propria (LP) early during primary infection. Increased MDSC were associated with low numbers of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMØ) in LP and CD4+GATA3+ T cells and AAMØ in MLN and spleen. Purified CD11c-CD11b+Gr1+ cells from H. polygyrus bakeri-infected mice suppressed OVA-specific CD4+ T-cell proliferation via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism and parasite-specific IL-4 secretion in vitro. Adoptive transfer of CD11c-CD11b+Gr1+ cells from mice with primary infection resulted in significantly higher adult worm burdens and increased egg production in naïve B6 recipients infected with H. polygyrus bakeri. Altogether, these findings indicate that primary H. polygyrus bakeri infection induces a novel subset of MDSC that suppress CD4+ Th2 responses and promote chronic infection.
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Treatment with Cestode Parasite Antigens Results in Recruitment of CCR2+ Myeloid Cells, the Adoptive Transfer of Which Ameliorates Colitis. Infect Immun 2016; 84:3471-3483. [PMID: 27672083 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00681-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Awareness of the immunological underpinnings of host-parasite interactions may reveal immune signaling pathways that could be used to treat inflammatory disease in humans. Previously we showed that infection with the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, used as a model helminth, or systemic delivery of worm antigen (HdAg) significantly reduced the severity of dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in mice. Extending these analyses, intraperitoneal injection of HdAg dose-dependently suppressed dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, and this was paralleled by reduced gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production and increased IL-10 production from mitogen-activated splenocytes. Treatment with HdAg resulted in a CCR2-dependent recruitment of CDllb+ F4/80+ Ly6Chi Gr-1lo monocyte-like cells into the peritoneum 24 h later that were predominantly programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive and CXCR2 negative. In vitro assays indicated that these cells were unable to suppress T cell proliferation but enhanced IL-10 and IL-4 production from activated T cells. Adoptive transfer of the HdAg-recruited monocytic cells into naive mice blocked DSS-induced colitis. These findings add to the variety of means by which treatment with parasitic helminth-derived antigens can ameliorate concomitant disease. A precise understanding of the mechanism(s) of action of HdAg and other helminth-derived antigens (and a parallel consideration of putative side effects) may lead to the development of novel therapies for human idiopathic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Abstract
Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis are severe chronic helminthic diseases caused by the cystic growth or the intrahepatic tumour-like growth of the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis, respectively. Both parasites have evolved sophisticated strategies to escape host immune responses, mainly by manipulating and directing this immune response towards anergy and/or tolerance. Recent research studies have revealed a number of respective immunoregulatory mechanisms related to macrophages and dendritic cell as well as T cell activities (regulatory T cells, Tregs). A better understanding of this complex parasite-host relationship, and the elucidation of specific crucial events that lead to disease, represents targets towards the development of novel treatment strategies and options.
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Alferink J, Specht S, Arends H, Schumak B, Schmidt K, Ruland C, Lundt R, Kemter A, Dlugos A, Kuepper JM, Poppensieker K, Findeiss M, Albayram Ö, Otte DM, Marazzi J, Gertsch J, Förster I, Maier W, Scheu S, Hoerauf A, Zimmer A. Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Modulates Susceptibility to Experimental Cerebral Malaria through a CCL17-dependent Mechanism. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19517-31. [PMID: 27474745 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria is a severe and often fatal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. It is characterized by parasite sequestration, a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and a strong inflammation in the brain. We investigated the role of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), an important modulator of neuroinflammatory responses, in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). Strikingly, mice with a deletion of the CB2-encoding gene (Cnr2(-/-)) inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA erythrocytes exhibited enhanced survival and a diminished blood-brain barrier disruption. Therapeutic application of a specific CB2 antagonist also conferred increased ECM resistance in wild type mice. Hematopoietic derived immune cells were responsible for the enhanced protection in bone marrow (BM) chimeric Cnr2(-/-) mice. Mixed BM chimeras further revealed that CB2-expressing cells contributed to ECM development. A heterogeneous CD11b(+) cell population, containing macrophages and neutrophils, expanded in the Cnr2(-/-) spleen after infection and expressed macrophage mannose receptors, arginase-1 activity, and IL-10. Also in the Cnr2(-/-) brain, CD11b(+) cells that expressed selected anti-inflammatory markers accumulated, and expression of inflammatory mediators IFN-γ and TNF-α was reduced. Finally, the M2 macrophage chemokine CCL17 was identified as an essential factor for enhanced survival in the absence of CB2, because CCL17 × Cnr2 double-deficient mice were fully susceptible to ECM. Thus, targeting CB2 may be promising for the development of alternative treatment regimes of ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Alferink
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany, the Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, 48149 Münster, Germany,
| | - Sabine Specht
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology and
| | - Hannah Arends
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
| | - Beatrix Schumak
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology and
| | - Kim Schmidt
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology and
| | - Christina Ruland
- the Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ramona Lundt
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
| | - Andrea Kemter
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
| | - Andrea Dlugos
- the Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Janina M Kuepper
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology and
| | | | | | - Önder Albayram
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
| | - David-M Otte
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
| | - Janine Marazzi
- the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, and
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland, and
| | - Irmgard Förster
- the Department of Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology and
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- From the Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, and
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells: Common Traits in Immune Regulation. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:7121580. [PMID: 27529074 PMCID: PMC4978836 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To protect host against immune-mediated damage, immune responses are tightly regulated. The regulation of immune responses is mediated by various populations of mature immune cells, such as T regulatory cells and B regulatory cells, but also by immature cells of different origins. In this review, we discuss regulatory properties and mechanisms whereby two distinct populations of immature cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and myeloid derived suppressor cells mediate immune regulation, focusing on their similarities, discrepancies, and potential clinical applications.
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Pyzer AR, Cole L, Rosenblatt J, Avigan DE. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as effectors of immune suppression in cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1915-26. [PMID: 27299510 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of an immunosuppressive niche created by the complex interactions between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells. A critical component of this environment are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells arrested at different stages of differentiation and expanded in response to a variety of tumor factors. MDSCs exert diverse effects in modulating the interactions between immune effector cells and the malignant cells. An increased presence of MDSCs is associated with tumor progression, poorer outcomes, and decreased effectiveness of immunotherapeutic strategies. In this article, we will review our current understanding of the mechanisms that underlie MDSC expansion and their immune-suppressive function. Finally, we review the preclinical studies and clinical trials that have attempted to target MDSCs, in order to improve responses to cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athalia Rachel Pyzer
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - Leandra Cole
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - Jacalyn Rosenblatt
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
| | - David E Avigan
- Bone Marrow Transplant, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Life Sciences, CLS724, Boston, MA
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Wagner A, Schabussova I, Drinic M, Akgün J, Loupal G, Kundi M, Joachim A, Wiedermann U. Oocyst-Derived Extract of Toxoplasma Gondii Serves as Potent Immunomodulator in a Mouse Model of Birch Pollen Allergy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155081. [PMID: 27149118 PMCID: PMC4857930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previously, we have shown that oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts prevented type I allergy in mice. Here we investigated whether the application of a T. gondii oocyst lysate antigen (OLA) could also reduce allergy development. BALB/c mice were immunised twice with OLA followed by sensitisation with the major birch pollen (BP) allergen Bet v 1 and an aerosol challenge with BP extract. Methods First, we tested OLA in vitro. Stimulation of splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) with OLA led to the production of pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines such as IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10. Moreover, BMDC exposed to OLA upregulated the maturation markers CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHCII. Furthermore, OLA was recognised by TLR2-transfected human embryonic kidney cells. Results Immunisation of mice with OLA induced high levels of Toxoplasma-specific IgG antibodies in sera along with increased production of IFN-γ and IL-10 in Toxoplasma-antigen restimulated splenocytes. OLA reduced allergic airway inflammation as manifested by significant reduction of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar fluids, decreased cellular infiltrates and mucus production in the lungs. Accordingly, Bet v 1-specific IgE was decreased in OLA-pretreated mice. The reduced allergic immune responses were accompanied by increased numbers of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells in spleens as well as by increased numbers of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in lungs when compared to sensitised controls suggesting that these two cell populations might be involved in the suppression of the allergic immune responses. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that pretreatment with the oocyst extract can exert anti-allergic effects comparable to T. gondii infection. Thus, the immunomodulatory properties of the parasite extract indicate that this extract and in the future defined molecules thereof might serve as immunomodulatory adjuvants in allergy treatment and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Wagner
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irma Schabussova
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjana Drinic
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johnnie Akgün
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Loupal
- Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Joachim
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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50
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Ost M, Singh A, Peschel A, Mehling R, Rieber N, Hartl D. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Bacterial Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:37. [PMID: 27066459 PMCID: PMC4814452 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise monocytic and granulocytic innate immune cells with the capability of suppressing T- and NK-cell responses. While the role of MDSCs has been studied in depth in malignant diseases, the understanding of their regulation and function in infectious disease conditions has just begun to evolve. Here we summarize and discuss the current view how MDSCs participate in bacterial infections and how this knowledge could be exploited for potential future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ost
- Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anurag Singh
- Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peschel
- Infection Biology Department, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | - Roman Mehling
- Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Rieber
- Children's Hospital, University of TübingenTübingen, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Klinikum Schwabing, StKM GmbH und Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Dominik Hartl
- Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
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