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Deveci N, Uğurlu M, Karakaş Uğurlu G, Kabadayi Şahin E, Erdoğan EÇ, Çayköylü A. The effects of psychological flexibility and resilience on psychopharmacological treatment response in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:181-186. [PMID: 37551600 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a challenging psychiatric condition to treat. Previous research has explored various aspects of treatment response, but limited attention has been given to the significance of psychological flexibility and resilience. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between psychological flexibility, resilience, and different dimensions of OCD, as well as their role in treatment response specifically concerning OCD symptom sub-dimensions. The study involved 50 OCD patients and 42 healthy individuals as controls. Participants completed the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2), and Resilience Scale for Adults (RS). Initial scale scores were compared to post-treatment scores obtained after a 3-month follow-up using pharmacotherapy. The patient group exhibited significantly higher AAQ-2 scores and lower RS scores compared to the control group. During the post-treatment follow-up, a reduction in DOCS and AAQ-2 scores was observed, along with an increase in RS scores. The impact of differences in AAQ-2 and RS scores on the change in DOCS total scores was analyzed using mixed model linear regression analysis. The results showed a statistically significant effect of changes in AAQ-2 and RS sub-dimension scores on the change in DOCS total scores. The findings highlight the importance of flexibility and resilience in influencing treatment response among patients with OCD. When conventional pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy approaches prove insufficient, interventions focused on enhancing flexibility and resilience may contribute to improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Deveci
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Mustafa Uğurlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Esra Kabadayi Şahin
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Ali Çayköylü
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine
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Cilli E, Guerra F, Ranieri J, Brancati F, Di Giacomo D. Patient perspective in perceived comparative genetic mutation risk: An exploratory review. Clin Genet 2024; 105:355-363. [PMID: 38339844 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The genetic risk of chronic diseases represents a complex medical setting in which individuals need to adapt to health conditions that manage daily living towards to healthy behaviours. This exploratory review focused on psychological counselling for genetic risk diagnosis. This study aimed to address the psychological management of the impact of genetic risk on chronic diseases. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus for articles from May 2012 to August 2023. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the included studies was conducted. Based on the exclusion/inclusion criteria, the literature search yielded 250 studies. Seventeen full texts were assessed for eligibility and 207 articles were excluded. Observational (n = 15) and randomised clinical trials (n = 2) were examined. Most studies have been conducted on oncological diagnoses; the emotional dimensions examined have been worry, depression, anxiety and stress in most diseases. Psychological measures are based on self-reports and questionnaires; few studies have investigated the connections between quality of life, psychological traits and emotional dimensions. The complexity of clinics and from daily diagnostic and treatment practices to the everyday experience of those living with the risk of disease might be addressed in counselling settings to improve quality of life in genetic risk, increasing mental adaptation to tailored chronic conditions. Thus, the empowerment of communication of genetic risk information should be part of the general trend towards personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cilli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Federica Guerra
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jessica Ranieri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Human Genetics, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Dina Di Giacomo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Kersivien C, Doumit A, Gascoigne M, Wearne TA. The protective role of resilience in the reporting of post-concussive symptoms within a non-clinical sample. Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 38:668-682. [PMID: 37731324 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2023.2256949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Despite being common following a brain injury, post-concussive symptoms (PCS) are highly prevalent in healthy and non-concussed individuals. Psychosocial factors likely subserve the maintenance of symptoms, and numerous studies have identified prominent risk factors associated with post-concussive symptom reporting (e.g. history of depression). However, few studies have investigated protective factors in this context. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between resilience and PCS, and to identify the factors subserving resilience within this relationship. Method: Healthy and non-concussed participants (n = 283, Mage = 22.70 years) completed questionnaires examining PCS (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptom Questionnaire) and resilience (Resilience Scale for Adults), together with a screener of background demographic/clinical factors. Results: Resilience negatively predicted PCS above and beyond the effect of demographic and clinical factors previously implicated in the reporting of PCS. Interestingly, heightened "perception of self" was the resilience factor uniquely associated with PCS symptoms. The final model accounted for 33% of the variance in PCS. Overall, female gender, a history of headaches, and diagnoses of ADHD and depression, and reduced "perception of self" were all predictive of greater PCS (ps < .05). Conclusion: Resilience, particularly perception of self, is a positive protective factor in the reporting of PCS. These findings highlight the importance of early identification of less resilient individuals following trauma-such as an mTBI and provide a potential rationale for the incorporation of resilience-based rehabilitation programs into the recovery process, particularly those that promote greater self-efficacy and self-competency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Doumit
- School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Travis A Wearne
- School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Maltby J. Networking trait resilience: Unifying fragmented trait resilience systems from an ecological systems theory perspective. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38429249 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study reconceptualized trait resilience, defining it as a network of systems; utilizing direct resilience assessments-engineering, ecological, adaptive capacity, social cohesion-and proxy resilience assessments-personality, cognitive, emotional, eudaimonia, and health. BACKGROUND The background of the study addresses the fragmented conceptualization of trait resilience by proposing a unifying network model based on ecological systems theory, illustrating the dynamic interplay of resilience factors across varying levels of disturbance. METHOD In Study One, four USA or UK samples (total n = 2396) were used to depict the trait resilience network. Study Two (n = 1091) examined the relationship between the network and disturbance at two time-points, using mental health levels as a disturbance metric. RESULTS Study One found that adaptive capacity, and sometimes positive emotional processes, were central variables to the network. Study Two found that in lower disturbance groups, adaptive capacity remained important, while in higher disturbance groups, a broader set of variables became central to the network. CONCLUSIONS Study One suggests a Broaden-and-Build approach, where adaptive capacity is a foundational resilience capability, reciprocally associated with positive emotional mechanisms. Study Two suggests a new "Dynamic Resilience Spectrum Theory," proposing that increased disturbances necessitate the use of a more diverse set of resilience traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maltby
- School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Fagereng E, Lidal IB, Larsen KL, Løvstad M, Rekand T, Hauger SL. Cognition and emotional distress in middle-aged and older adults with spina bifida myelomeningocele. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298891. [PMID: 38422087 PMCID: PMC10903919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate cognitive functioning and emotional distress in adults aged 55 to 68 years old with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM), both with and without hydrocephalus. A secondary aim was to explore the associations between psychosocial factors in relation to emotional distress. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study of eleven females and eight males with SBM, five with and twelve without hydrocephalus. Cognitive functioning was investigated with neuropsychological tests and self-report measures. Furthermore, participants completed questionnaires regarding resilience, access to social support, coping, and emotional distress. Descriptive statistics were applied, and Spearman Rho correlation coefficients were used to explore the relationships between psychosocial factors and emotional distress. RESULTS Eleven exhibited normal cognitive functioning. An observed difference was seen between participants with and without hydrocephalus, where six and five persons reported clinical levels of depression and anxiety, respectively. Positive perceptions of self and future were associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION This study adds important information about cognitive functioning and emotional distress in an understudied population. The results indicated normal cognitive functioning in adults aged 55 to 68 years with SBM without hydrocephalus. Prevalence of emotional distress was comparable with previous studies of younger adults with SBM. There is a need for longitudinal studies investigating cognition and psychological health to fully capture important aspects of the life course of SBM with and without hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Fagereng
- TRS National Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Beate Lidal
- TRS National Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway
| | - Kerstin Lundberg Larsen
- TRS National Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway
| | - Marianne Løvstad
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiina Rekand
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Solveig Lægreid Hauger
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Li J, Yin YZ, Zhang J, Puts M, Li H, Lyu MM, Wang AN, Chen OY, Zhang JP. A latent profile analysis of resilience and their relation to differences in sleep quality in patients with lung cancer. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:155. [PMID: 38347229 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep problems are a significant issue in patients with lung cancer, and resilience is a closely related factor. However, few studies have identified subgroups of resilience and their relationship with sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate whether there are different profiles of resilience in patients with lung cancer, to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of each subgroup, and to determine the relationship between resilience and sleep quality in different subgroups. METHODS A total of 303 patients with lung cancer from four tertiary hospitals in China completed the General Sociodemographic sheet, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Latent profile analysis was applied to explore the latent profiles of resilience. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the sociodemographic variables in each profile, and ANOVA was used to explore the relationships between resilience profiles and sleep quality. RESULTS The following three latent profiles were identified: the "high-resilience group" (30.2%), the "moderate-resilience group" (46.0%), and the "low-resilience group" (23.8%). Gender, place of residence, and average monthly household income significantly influenced the distribution of resilience in patients with lung cancer. CONCLUSION The resilience patterns of patients with lung cancer varied. It is suggested that health care providers screen out various types of patients with multiple levels of resilience and pay more attention to female, rural, and poor patients. Additionally, individual differences in resilience may provide an actionable means for addressing sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Yin
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Martine Puts
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1P8, Canada
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng-Meng Lyu
- Alice Lee Center for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - An-Ni Wang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ou-Ying Chen
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Jing-Ping Zhang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Cheng CH, Hsu CH, Sie JR, Tsay SL, Tung HH. The Relationship Between Resilience and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Heart Failure Patients in New York Heart Association Functional Classes II and III. J Nurs Res 2024; 32:e312. [PMID: 38271064 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is an intense, unpredictable, and stressful chronic disease caused by the decline in cardiac pumping function. The influence of heart failure affects patients not only in terms of physical capabilities but also in terms of their emotional and social dimensions, with patients in different functional classes experiencing different levels of effect. Although resilience and health-related quality of life have been studied in populations with heart failure, the scholarly understanding of different functional classes is limited. PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the relationship between resilience and health-related quality of life among patients with heart failure in different physical functional classes in Taiwan. METHODS A cross-sectional design was applied to study patients with heart failure in northern Taiwan. Two structured questionnaires, including the Resilience Scale for Adults and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, were used to assess resilience and health-related quality of life. New York Heart Association functional class was used to determine physical function status, and canonical correlation analysis was used to determine the weight of each resilience and quality-of-life domain for the different functional classes. RESULTS The 100 participants had an average age of 65.52 years. Slightly over half (56%) were classified as Functional Class II. A group difference in health-related quality of life was observed. Personal strength (rs = .759) and social competence (rs = -.576) were found to influence the resilience and emotional role dimension of quality of life (rs = -.996) in the Functional Class II group. In addition, family cohesion (rs = -.922), dominant resilience, physical function (rs = .467), and bodily pain (rs = .465) were found to influence quality of life in the Functional Class III group. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The efficacy of measures taken to increase resilience to heart failure varied in patients in different functional classes. Functional Class II individuals were better able to manage the disease using their personal strength, whereas Functional Class III individuals relied more heavily on family support and assistance for this effort. Furthermore, participant feelings about quality of life also varied by functional class, with physical function and bodily pain taking on significantly more importance for Functional Class III individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Cheng
- MSN, RN, Deputy Chief of Cardiac Nursing Department, Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Hwa Hsu
- PhD, RN, NP, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Rong Sie
- MSN, RN, NP, Doctoral Student, Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, and Nurse Practitioner, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shiow-Luan Tsay
- PhD, RN, APN, Professor, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Da-Yeh University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Hsin Tung
- PhD, RN, FNP, DNP, Distinguished Professor, Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, and Adjunct Nursing Consultant, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Rosa DP, Dubé MO, Roy JS. Psychometric Properties of Patient-reported Outcome Measures to Assess Resilience in Individuals with Musculoskeletal Pain or Rheumatic Conditions: A COSMIN-based Systematic Review. Clin J Pain 2023; 39:695-706. [PMID: 37768873 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess resilience in individuals with musculoskeletal and rheumatic conditions. METHODS Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were searched. Studies assessing any measurement property in the target populations were included. Two reviewers independently screened all studies and assessed the risk of bias using the COSMIN checklist. Thereafter, each measurement property of each PROM was classified as sufficient, insufficient, or inconsistent based on the COSMIN criteria for good measurement properties. RESULTS Four families of PROMs [Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS); Resilience Scale (RS-18); Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10 and CD-RISC-2); and Pain Resilience Scale (PRS-14 and PRS-12)] were identified from the 9 included studies. Even if no PROM showed sufficient evidence for all measurement properties, the PRS and CD-RISC had the most properties evaluated and showed the best measurement properties, although responsiveness still needs to be assessed for both PROMs. Both PROMs showed good levels of reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation 0.61 to 0.8) and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.70). Minimal detectable change values were 24.5% for PRS and between 4.7% and 29.8% for CD-RISC. DISCUSSION Although BRCS, RS-18, CD-RISC, and PRS have been used to evaluate resilience in individuals with musculoskeletal and rheumatic conditions, the current evidence only supports the use of PRS and CD-RISC in this population. Further methodological studies are therefore needed and should prioritize the assessment of reliability and responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Patricia Rosa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval & Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris)
| | - Marc-Olivier Dubé
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval & Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval & Researcher, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Martinez S, Garcia-Romeu A, Perez F, Jones JD. Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 59:41-49. [PMID: 37752751 PMCID: PMC10829514 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2259450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning. METHODS This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry (n = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress). RESULTS Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, R2 = 0.56, F(5,62) = 15.7, p<.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (n = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: M = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 (n = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: M = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The "High-Resilience Cluster" (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, Λ = 0.732, F(4, 50) = 7.05, p < 0.003. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct "resilience phenotypes" emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suky Martinez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Albert Garcia-Romeu
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Freymon Perez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jermaine D. Jones
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Sun Y, Liu L. Structural equation modeling of university students' academic resilience academic well-being, personality and educational attainment in online classes with Tencent Meeting application in China: investigating the role of student engagement. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:347. [PMID: 37864215 PMCID: PMC10589943 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online learning presents unique challenges for students, such as reduced social support and increased distractions. Understanding the psychological factors that contribute to educational attainment in online classes is therefore important. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the structural relations among the psychological factors: academic resilience, personality, academic well-being, and educational attainment in online classes using the Tencent Meeting application in China. The study also explored the mediating role of student engagement in the relationship between the variables. METHODOLOGY This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the relationships among the variables of the study. The participants were 384 undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students from Henan Polytechnic University in China. The participants completed self-report surveys of academic resilience, academic well-being, educational attainment, student engagement and personality types. DATA ANALYSIS The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships among variables. The goodness of fit of the SEM was assessed using several fit indices, including the chi-square test, the comparative fit index (CFI), the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The study also conducted mediation analyses to explore the potential mediating roles of learner enjoyment in the relationships between psychological factors and educational attainment. FINDINGS The results of the study showed that all variables of the study were positively related to educational attainment. The findings suggest that promoting academic resilience, academic well-being, and student engagement may be effective strategies for enhancing educational attainment in online classes using the Tencent Meeting application in China. CONCLUSIONS Using the Tencent Meeting application in China, this study provides insights into the complex interplay among several psychological factors and educational attainment in online classes. The findings highlight the importance of promoting academic resilience, personality, academic well-being, and student engagement to enhance educational attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- School of Architecture & Artistic Design, Henan Polytechnic University, Henan, 454000, China
| | - Long Liu
- School of Architecture & Artistic Design, Henan Polytechnic University, Henan, 454000, China.
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Lie SØ, Wisting L, Stedal K, Rø Ø, Friborg O. Stressful life events and resilience in individuals with and without a history of eating disorders: a latent class analysis. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:184. [PMID: 37845712 PMCID: PMC10577902 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) are associated with a range of stressful life events, but few have investigated protective factors that may affect these associations. The current study used mixture modelling to describe typologies in life stress exposure and availability of protective resources in individuals with and without eating disorders (EDs). METHODS A case - control sample (n = 916) completed measures of stressful life events, resilience protective factors, emotion regulation, and symptoms of EDs, depression and anxiety. We conducted latent class analyses to identify subgroups of stress exposure and profile analyses of emotional regulation and resilience. The resulting two latent variables were combined to explore effects on ED status and symptomatology, depression, and anxiety as distal outcome variables. RESULTS We identified four classes of stressful life events (generally low, some abuse/bullying, sexual/emotional assaults, and high adversity). For protective resources, we identified six profiles that ranged from low to higher levels of protection with variations in social/family resources. The latent protection variable contributed more strongly to the distal outcomes than the latent stress variable, but did not moderate the latent stress and distal outcome variable relationships. Profiles characterized by lower protective resources included higher proportions of individuals with a lifetime ED, and were associated with higher scores on all symptom measures. CONCLUSIONS Intra- and interpersonal protective resources were strongly associated with lifetime EDs and current mental health symptom burden after accounting for stressful event exposure, suggesting protective factors may be useful to target in the clinical treatment of patients with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Øverland Lie
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Line Wisting
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Stedal
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Rø
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Friborg
- Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Pehlivan Sarıbudak T, Güner P, Çepni B. Effect of a Compassion Fatigue Resiliency Program on Nurse Managers' Professional Quality of Life, Stress, and Resilience: A Mixed-Methods Study. J Nurs Care Qual 2023; 38:367-373. [PMID: 37026855 DOI: 10.1097/ncq.0000000000000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compassion fatigue, stress, and burnout have an adverse impact on nurse managers. PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of a compassion fatigue resiliency program on nurse managers and to obtain their views of the program. METHODS This mixed-methods study was conducted with 16 nurse managers. The compassion fatigue resiliency program was implemented; compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, burnout, perceived stress, and resilience were assessed before and after implementation of the program. RESULTS The mean compassion fatigue and perceived stress scores of nurses decreased significantly after the intervention. Four themes were identified from qualitative analysis, including awareness, coping with stress, effective communication skills in team management, and recommendations. CONCLUSIONS The current study shows the training program reduced nurse managers' compassion fatigue and stress and enabled nurse managers to improve their coping skills and awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Pehlivan Sarıbudak
- Independent researcher, Istanbul, Turkey (Dr Tuğba); Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey (Dr Güner); and Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (Ms Çepni)
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13
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Assenza G, Sancetta BM, Lanzone J, Narducci F, Ricci L, Boscarino M, Marrelli A, Ciuffini R, Piccioli M, Di Lazzaro V, Tombini M. Resilience predicts and modulates anxiety severity in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 147:109390. [PMID: 37619458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is one of the most relevant psychiatric comorbidities in people with epilepsy (PwE). The role of resilience (RES) in the development of anxiety is not well understood. We purposed to better characterize RES impact on anxiety severity in PwE. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seventy-six PwE underwent online surveys including a collection of socio-demographic, seizure-related, and psychological variables. PwE were grouped according to the data collected; anxiety levels were compared through non-parametric statistics. Hierarchical regression analysis (HRA) and logistic regression were performed to characterize RES contribute in predicting the presence and the severity of anxiety. Mediation/moderation analysis was performed to evaluate causal effects among RES, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS Anxiety did not differ according to socio-demographic and seizure-related variables, exemption for the presence of drug-related adverse effects. Depression, RES, and sleep quality provided the major contribute on anxiety variance. The addiction of RES level in HRA and logistic regression provided a significant increase of R-squared value (p-value = 0.02) and of area under the curve (p-value = 0.03), respectively. RES modulated depression/anxiety relationship (p-value < 0.001), whereas depression did not mediate RES/anxiety correlation (p-value = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that RES is a significant independent predictor of anxiety in PwE and is able to modulate depression impact on anxiety. Moreover, we confirmed the relevance of depression and sleep quality on anxiety severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Assenza
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - B M Sancetta
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy.
| | - J Lanzone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Department of the Milano Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Narducci
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - L Ricci
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - M Boscarino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Department of the Milano Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marrelli
- UOC Neurophysiopathology, Ospedale San Salvatore, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - R Ciuffini
- Department of MeSVA, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Piccioli
- UOC Neurology, PO San Filippo Neri, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - V Di Lazzaro
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - M Tombini
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
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14
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Sun H, Qian Q, Qin Y, Guo L, Hengudomsub P. Dynamic changes in resilience among family caregivers in the face of healthcare challenges: A scoping review. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 45:113-123. [PMID: 37544685 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience as a dynamic concept has already been described through various longitudinal studies. To better understand the changes in the resilience of caregivers over the course of care-providing, however, a scoping review can provide a clearer picture of their resilience process which, in turn, can be used to improve caregivers' well-being. OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive overview of dynamic change in the resilience of caregivers while caring for the family to enhance understanding and potential for future research. METHODS Following the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley, this scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and the Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. Five electronic databases were searched for research published in English between January 2012 and May 2022, after which a manual search was performed. Key terms related to resilience and caregivers in longitudinal studies were included and screened for. Identified trajectories of patterns in resilience and factors associated with resilience process were categorized using content analysis. RESULTS In total, 24 longitudinal studies met the eligibility criteria. Conceptually, our findings demonstrate three modes of change following healthcare challenges, each of which varies substantially. Methodologically, the results reveal three subcategories of assessment tools that can be used to impact caregivers' resilience when confronted with significant healthcare challenges. Consequentially, personal traits and environmental resources interacting with the resilience process will then lead to various outcomes in their resilience, including stability, growth, or decline. CONCLUSION This review describes the change patterns of the resilience process, assessment instruments, and associated factors to offer a dynamic perspective for the investigation and intervention of psychological resilience. Major gaps nonetheless remain for future research regarding an operationalizing dynamic change in resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Sun
- School of Nursing, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 224005, Jiangsu, P.R. China; Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, 20131, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Qian Qian
- School of Nursing, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 224005, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yang Qin
- School of Nursing, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 224005, Jiangsu, P.R. China; Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, 20131, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Lingling Guo
- School of Nursing, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 224005, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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15
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Wang Q, Wang W, Huang H, Wan B. The mediating roles of psychological resilience and frustration tolerance in the relationship between coping styles and mood states of high-level basketball referees. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1096649. [PMID: 37351438 PMCID: PMC10283276 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In order to promote the development of high-quality professional basketball referees in China, we explored the relationship between their coping styles and mood states during the game and assessed the contributions of psychological resilience and frustration tolerance to this relationship. Methods A total of 364 national and international male and female basketball referees were recruited and surveyed via the online questionnaire platform "Questionnaire Star". All participants signed an informed consent form and completed the questionnaire. Common method bias test and Pearson correlation tests were used to analyze the study indicators, and the theoretical model for this study was validated using Process plug-in developed by Hayes. Results The results of the study showed that the coping style of the referees significantly predicted their psychological resilience, frustration tolerance, and mood state. Coping style enhanced psychological resilience (β = -0.30) and frustration tolerance (β = 0.38) and improved the mood states (β = 0.33) of the referees. In addition, coping style directly predicted mood state but also indirectly predict mood state through the intermediary variables of psychological resilience (β = 0.14) and frustration tolerance (β = 0.11), and the mediating effects accounted for 24.20 and 18.90% of the total effect, with psychological resilience playing a greater role than frustration tolerance. (β: standardized regression coefficient). Conclusion These findings suggest that when training high-level basketball referees, increasing the psychological indicators related to the coping styles and psychological resilience of high-level basketball referees can avoid their large emotional fluctuations and improve their accuracy in judging when facing unexpected events on the court.
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16
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Turan N, Canbulat Ş. The effectiveness of the training program on accepting and expressing emotions on the psychological resilience and depression levels of nurses: A two-year follow-up study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 44:1-7. [PMID: 37197852 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the training program which was based on cognitive behavioral theory on accepting and expressing emotions in terms of nurses' psychological resilience and depression levels. DESIGN AND METHODS The study is an intervention study with a control group conducted with pretest, posttest, and two-year follow-up test design in line with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). The participants in the intervention group attended an eight-week accepting and expressing emotions training program, while those in the control group did not. The Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) were applied to both groups as pre-test, post-test and 6-month follow-up (T2), 12-month follow-up (T3) and 24-month follow-up (T4). RESULTS It was determined that there was a significant change in RSA scale scores of the intervention group, and that the effect of group ∗ time interaction for all scores was significant. An increase in the total score was found for all follow-up periods with respect to T1. A significant decrease was determined in BDI scores of the intervention group, and the effect of group-time interaction for all scores was found to be significant. It was found that there was a decrease in the scores of the intervention group in all follow-up periods with respect to T1. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained from the study showed that the training program conducted with groups on accepting and expressing emotions was effective on the nurses' psychological resilience and depression scores. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Training programs that develop the skills of accepting and expression emotions can help nurses find their thoughts underlying their emotions. Thus, depression levels of nurses can decrease, and their psychological resilience can improve. This situation can help in terms of reducing workplace stress of nurses and can cause their working life to be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Turan
- Vocational School of Health Services, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şahinde Canbulat
- Faculty of Nursing, Surgical Nursing Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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17
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Chen C, Chen Y, Song Y. Reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms and the mediating role of resilience across two years: Three-wave cross-lagged panel model. J Affect Disord 2023; 334:358-369. [PMID: 37156270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression among children has been a growing public health concern. It is generally recognized that individuals with depression are likely to have interpersonal malfunctioning. However, there remains a limited scientific understanding of the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms among rural Chinese children in a longitudinal approach. METHODS Therefore, guided by the interpersonal model of depression and the developmental cascade model, the present study conducted a cross-lagged panel analysis study to explore the bidirectional relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms across three waves among 2188 elementary school students in rural areas of one county of Gansu Province, China. We also examined the mediating effect of resilience and sex differences of the models. RESULTS Our results showed that depressive symptoms negatively predicted interpersonal communication from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3. Interpersonal communication negatively predicted depressive symptoms from T1 to T2, but not T2 to T3. Furthermore, resilience showed significant partial mediating effects in the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms. In terms of sex differences, the significant relationship between depressive symptoms at T1 and interpersonal communication at T2 was found to be significant among male students and marginally significant among female students. The full mediating effect of resilience at T1 was found only among male students, whereas resilience at T2 functioned as a full mediator between depressive symptoms at T2 and interpersonal communication at T3 only among female students. LIMITATIONS First, the present sample consisted of only third and fourth grade (i.e., in T1) students from one county in rural China. Second, the present study examined depressive symptoms instead of depression as a clinical diagnosis. Third, the third wave of the data was collected during COVID-19. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could unexpectedly pose on child mental health. CONCLUSIONS The finding underlined the importance of providing comprehensive depression prevention and intervention from fostering children's inner resilience and promoting their ability to navigate interpersonal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuran Chen
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingquan Song
- China Institute for Educational Finance Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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18
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Çıvgın U, Yorulmaz E, Yazar K. Mediator role of resilience in the relationship between neuroticism and psychological symptoms: COVID-19 Pandemic and supermarket employees. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:1-13. [PMID: 37359609 PMCID: PMC10163286 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The current research aimed to examine the relationship between personality traits, resilience, and psychological symptom levels of front-line supermarket employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three-hundred and ten (310) supermarket employees participated in the research between March and May 2021. Participants filled out the questionnaire sets online The Demographic Information Form, Symptom Checklist, Five Factor Inventory and Resilience Scale for Adults were presented as questionnaire sets. Pearson Correlation Analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between variables, Multiple Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to discover the predictors of symptom level. It was found that personality traits, resilience and psychological symptom levels are related to each other. Conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and resilience are significant predictors of psychological symptom level. In addition, resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between neuroticism and psychological symptom levels. The findings were discussed within the framework of the relevant literature and COVID-19 research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Çıvgın
- Asst. Prof, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Elçin Yorulmaz
- Ph.D, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Türkiye
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19
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Bottiroli S, Rosi A, Sances G, Allena M, De Icco R, Lecce S, Vecchi T, Tassorelli C, Cavallini E. Social cognition in chronic migraine with medication overuse: a cross-sectional study on different aspects of mentalization and social relationships. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:47. [PMID: 37106347 PMCID: PMC10139829 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social cognition refers to all mental operations to decipher information needed in social interactions. Here we aimed to outline the socio-cognitive profile of Chronic Migraine with Medication Overuse (CM + MO), given they are recognized to be at risk of socio-cognitive difficulties. Given the multidimensionality of this construct, we considered: (1) socio-cognitive abilities, (2) socio-cognitive beliefs, (3) alexithymia and autism traits, and (4) social relationships. METHODS Seventy-one patients suffering from CM + MO, 61 from episodic migraine (EM), and 80 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a comprehensive battery: (1) the Faux Pas test (FP), the Strange Stories task (SS), the Reading Mind in the Eyes test (RMET), (2) the Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, (3) the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, (4) the Lubben Social Network Scale, the Friendship Scale. RESULTS CM + MO: (1) performed similar to EM but worse than HC in the FP and SS, while they were worse than EM and HC in the RMET; (2) were similar to EM and HC in social intelligence; (3) had more alexithymic/autistic traits than EM and HC; (4) reported higher levels of contact with their family members but felt little support from the people around them than HC. CONCLUSIONS CM + MO results characterized by a profile of compromised socio-cognitive abilities that affects different dimensions. These findings may have a relevant role in multiple fields related to chronic headache: from the assessment to the management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bottiroli
- Giustino Fortunato University, Benevento, Italy.
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessia Rosi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto De Icco
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Serena Lecce
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tomaso Vecchi
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Tassorelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Cavallini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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20
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Mueller T. Development and testing of the university student resilience scale. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:967-972. [PMID: 34187347 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1909050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: University students exist in unpredictable, challenging circumstances. This heightens social anxiety, which can manifest in lack of identity formation, consumption of alcohol, and suicide ideation. To better understand the psychological motivators in the student experience, this study develops and tests a contemporary 10-item university student resilience scale. Participants: Respondents (N = 270) were 18-24 in university, previously had some university experience, or held a university degree. Methods: Scale variables are tested through network analysis, then exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to identify interrelationships and dimensions in university student perception of resilience. Results: University students are most resilient by relying on friends and family, seeing adversity as a learning opportunity, and helping themselves by helping others. The most highly correlated measures are "positive attitude" and "open mind" while "faith in a higher power" holds a negative relationship with "being responsible for my own problems." Regression analysis indicates a strong will, not giving up, and maintaining an open mind are predictors of resilience. A 3-factor structural model captures the latent dimensions "Infinite Possibilities," "Like a Rock" and "Surrounded by Love." Conclusion: This scale offers practical application for university counselors and administrators creating protocols for students requiring support in developing resilient outcomes. The most powerful factor in this model indicates an "open mind while helping others" creates the greatest effect in resilient behavior. Opportunities for resilience can be incorporated as a benefit of social justice training and education. It will allow students to learn about identities other than their own as well as develop the ability to empathize based on lived experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mueller
- Department of Communication, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA
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21
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Investigation of the Effect of Sexual Attitudes and Attachment Styles of Spouses of Cancer Patients on Their Psychological Resilience. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:125-130. [PMID: 36108279 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is pointed out that the attachment styles of spouses are also very important in terms of coping with the psychological problems experienced in illness and sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sexual attitudes and attachment styles of spouses of cancer patients on their psychological resilience. The research was carried out as a descriptive study based on the relational screening model between January and November 2021. A total of 429 spouses of cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The data were collected online using the Participant Information Form, which was prepared by the researcher, Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR-S), and Hendrick Sexual Attitude Scale (BSAS). Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U -test, Kruskal-Wallis, and linear regression using the SPSS 25.0 program. Two hundred forty-six women and 183 men were included in the study, and it has been detected that RSA scores of female participants were higher than male participants. In addition, a positive relation between RSA scores and ECR-S scores ( r = 0.247) and a negative relation between RSA and BSAS ( r = -0.414) were detected ( p < 0.05). It was determined that the psychological resilience of spouses of cancer patients was related to sexual attitudes and attachment styles.
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Bjørkly S, Laake P, Douglas KS. The safe pilot study: A prospective naturalistic study with repeated measures design to test protective factors against violence in and after discharge from forensic facilities. Psychiatry Res 2023; 320:115017. [PMID: 36610319 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.115017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Assessing violence risk amongst forensic patients is a vital legal and clinical task. The field of violence risk assessment has developed considerably over the past two decades but remains primarily risk focused. Despite this, growing attention to and work on protective factors or strengths has occurred. In this prospective naturalistic study with repeated observer-rated measures of 27 forensic patients, we tested the role of three potentially important but understudied dynamic protective factors: hope, insight, and resilience, along with a history of criminality, in terms of their impact on violence. Main effects models indicated that higher hopelessness and past criminal convictions were predictive of violence acts; higher resilience was associated with lower violence. In interaction models, hopelessness remained predictive. Importantly, there were significant interactions between resilience and past criminal convictions, with higher levels of resilience leading to lower violence, most amongst those with criminal convictions, and between resilience and hopelessness related emotional distress, in that higher resilience at high levels of patient acknowledged emotional distress due to hopelessness led to lower violence. Findings indicate the importance of focusing on strengths or protective factors in the assessment of risk and treatment planning for forensic patients. Despite the small sample, the repeated measures design was feasible and informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stål Bjørkly
- Regional Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University, Hospital, Norway; Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway.
| | - Petter Laake
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway; Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, University of, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S Douglas
- Regional Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University, Hospital, Norway; Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Vancover, Canada; Regional Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland, University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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23
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Zuo Z, Luo Y, Xi J, Ji W. Development and Validation of a Chinese Resilience Scale for Young Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2216. [PMID: 36767583 PMCID: PMC9915069 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Resilience research began in the child population as a validity scale to describe children's psychological wellbeing and ability to cope with negative events, and to some extent, to predict recovery and adaptation when they experience adversity again. In view of the important developmental implications of resilience in young children and the lack of a Chinese children's resilience scale, this study developed a resilience scale for young Chinese children based on a systematic review of existing international resilience scales and the characteristics of the Chinese cultural background. (2) Methods: The scale was developed by referring to existing scales, expert interviews, item collation and item finalization, developing original items, then deleting and determining items through item analysis, and finally, comparing with existing scales to obtain the internal and external validity of this scale. (3) Results: The results showed that the scale has good measurement properties, internal consistency reliability, and internal and external validity. (4) Conclusions: Through the development and validation of the Resilience Scale for young children in China, the scale can be used to measure the resilience of young children in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zuo
- Department of Preschool Education, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yirui Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Positive Education China Academy, Juzhe Xi’s Master Workroom of Shanghai School Mental Health Service, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Juzhe Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Positive Education China Academy, Juzhe Xi’s Master Workroom of Shanghai School Mental Health Service, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Weidong Ji
- Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China
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Liu R, Duan W. Assessing perceptions of resilience: The understanding from network analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1017871. [PMID: 36741960 PMCID: PMC9895415 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1017871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have yet to reach a consensus on the construct of resilience perception, and how to enhance the effect of resilience intervention remains an urgent issue. In this consideration, this study examines the fundamental construct of resilience. It provides insight into the critical prevention goal for resilience intervention by utilizing the latest methods of psychological network analysis. Methods The sample is the graduate students enrolled in September 2021. Participants completed (1) the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, (2) the University of Washington Resilience Scale-8 Item, (3) the Brief Resilience Scale, and (4) the Resilience Scale for Adults, each representing different orientations of resilience. Results The network analysis grants greater clarity to the resilience perception as a dynamic system that interacts between an individual's tendency to intrinsic capacity and response to external resources. This study has shown that a positive perception of external social resources is the most important for individuals' resilience cognition; the effect of resilience intervention can be achieved more quickly by changing the individual's sense of hope. Discussion Based on the results, a psychometric instrument that integrates different orientations of resilience concepts and is based on time-varying needs to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Student Counseling and Mental Health Center, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Social and Public Administration School, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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25
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Crompton H, Chigona A, Burke D. Teacher Resilience During COVID-19: Comparing Teachers' Shift to Online Learning in South Africa and the United States. TECHTRENDS : FOR LEADERS IN EDUCATION & TRAINING 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36711123 PMCID: PMC9854409 DOI: 10.1007/s11528-022-00826-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic created the largest global disruption of education in recorded history. This unique qualitative study examined teacher resilience as they taught remotely with technology during the pandemic, and the experiences of teachers with a comparison across a developed country (US) with a developing country (South Africa). Data from a teacher resilience survey was gathered to explore factors of teacher resilience and interview data provided insight into teacher experiences. A grounded coding methodology was used to analyze the content. Within the examination of the extant literature, a Socio-Ecological Technology Integration framework (SETI) was developed and presented as a lens to conceptualize the full extent of all the socio-ecological factors involved in teacher technology integration including those in the school, district, and nationally. The findings reveal that teachers in South African reported less support and resources and greater challenges, yet overall reported themselves as more resilient than teachers in the US. From the findings, six factors emerged that impacted teachers' experiences during ERT: self-efficacy, growth, motivation, resources, support, and teacher challenges. The major challenges from both countries were: time management, student issues, isolation, anxiety, meeting student needs, technology, and student engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Crompton
- Old Dominion University, 3141 Education Building, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Agnes Chigona
- Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Cape Town, South Africa
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DOĞRUER N, GÖKKAYA F, VOLKAN E, GÜLEÇ M. Predictors of Psychological Resilience: Childhood Trauma Experiences and Forgiveness. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1160408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Psychological resilience enables the person to come out of this situation in a strong way without being harmed after traumatic events. In our study, the relationship between experiencing childhood traumas, types of forgiveness and psychological resilience was examined. In addition, it was also investigated how childhood traumatic experiences and types of forgiveness (forgiving oneself, forgiving the situation, forgiving others) predict psychological resilience. In this study, which was conducted with the relational screening model, the relationships between the dependent variable “Psychological Resilience” and the independent variables “Childhood Traumas” and “Forgiveness” were examined by multiple linear regression analysis Enter method. Data were collected from a total of 366 participants, 236 of whom were women (64.5%) and 130 (35.5%) were men, living in the province of Istanbul. The Personal Information Form, Childhood Trauma Scale [CTS], Adult Resilience Scale [PDS] and Heartland Forgiveness Scale [HAS] were applied to the individuals in the sample. In the study, the relationships between the variables mentioned first were examined, the relationship was determined, and according to the results of the multiple linear regression analysis, it was determined that childhood traumas, self-forgiveness and forgiveness of the situation predicted psychological resilience, while forgiveness of others had no predictive effect. In the study, it was concluded that childhood trauma experiences negatively predicted psychological resilience, while self-forgiveness and forgiving the situation variables predicted it positively. It is thought that it is very important to study self-forgiveness, especially when working with childhood traumas in psychological trauma-based interventions and psychotherapy processes.
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Rademacher L, Kraft D, Eckart C, Fiebach CJ. Individual differences in resilience to stress are associated with affective flexibility. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022:10.1007/s00426-022-01779-4. [PMID: 36528692 PMCID: PMC10366320 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-022-01779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCognitive flexibility is frequently linked to resilience because of its important contribution to stress regulation. In this context, particularly affective flexibility, defined as the ability to flexibly attend and disengage from affective information, may play a significant role. In the present study, the relationship of cognitive and affective flexibility and resilience was examined in 100 healthy participants. Resilience was measured with three self-report questionnaires, two defining resilience as a personality trait and one focusing on resilience as an outcome in the sense of stress coping abilities. Cognitive and affective flexibility were assessed in two experimental task switching paradigms with non-affective and affective materials and tasks, respectively. The cognitive flexibility paradigm additionally included measures of cognitive stability and spontaneous switching in ambiguous situations. In the affective flexibility paradigm, we explicitly considered the affective valence of the stimuli. Response time switch costs in the affective flexibility paradigm were significantly correlated to all three measures of resilience. The correlation was not specific for particular valences of the stimuli before or during switching. For cognitive (non-affective) flexibility, a significant correlation of response time switch costs was found with only one resilience measure. A regression analysis including both affective and cognitive switch costs as predictors of resilience indicated that only affective, but not cognitive switch costs, explained unique variance components. Furthermore, the experimental measures of cognitive stability and the rate of spontaneous switching in ambiguous situations did not correlate with resilience scores. These findings suggest that specifically the efficiency of flexibly switching between affective and non-affective information is related to resilience.
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Lai DWL, Li J. Personality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Hong Kong Chinese older people: resilience as a mediator and financial status as a moderator. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2424-2431. [PMID: 34904489 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Personality can influence older adults' health and quality of life. However, the pathways are relatively less examined. This study aimed to understand the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between two personality traits-neuroticism and extraversion-and Hong Kong Chinese older adults' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Whether such effect varied across older adults in different financial conditions were also examined. Method: A purposive non-probability sample of 253 Hong Kong Chinese older adults aged 60 and above was recruited for a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Neuroticism and extraversion were measured using the subscales form the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Resilience was measured by the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). HRQoL was measured by the short-form 8 (SF- 8). Path analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between key variables. Multi-group path analysis was also performed to investigate whether the pathways differed by financial status. Indirect effects were computed in the path analyses to detect the mediatory role of resilience between personalities and HRQoL.Results: The findings included that after controlling for confounders, neuroticism, but not extraversion was significantly associated with HRQoL. The relationships were mediated by resilience. Moreover, the mediating role of resilience is more pronounced among the participants who live in a financially poor or fair condition, comparing to their wealthier peers.Conclusion: This study confirmed the important role of personality in shaping older adults' resilience and quality of life. Personality should be kept in mind in the identification of potential vulnerable groups for interventions, especially those in financial hardships who may face double disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W L Lai
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Jia Li
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Pandya SP. Pastors in Prisons and Correctional Settings, Resilience, and the Propensity for Social Entrepreneurship: Comparing two Continuing Education Programs. THE JOURNAL OF PASTORAL CARE & COUNSELING : JPCC 2022; 76:254-269. [PMID: 35929124 DOI: 10.1177/15423050221117465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article reports a study on the impact of two continuing education programs for pastors working in prisons and correctional settings. Pastors who did the spirituality refresher training sessions reported greater resilience and social entrepreneurship inclinations posttest compared to those who did the expressive writing sessions. Male pastors, with a postgraduate degree and chaplaincy-focused training, prison pastors, ever-singles, pastors living in religious institutions/seminaries, and with higher intervention compliance, reported higher benefits from spirituality refresher training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samta P Pandya
- 29411Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Yağan F, Kaya Z. Cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness: examining the mediating role of positive humor styles and happiness in teachers. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 36468164 PMCID: PMC9702906 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the mediating role of positive humor styles and happiness in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness was investigated. The participants in the study, which was conducted based on a correlational design, one of the quantitative research methods, consisted of 613 volunteer teachers (322 women, 291 men) employed in various schools and institutions affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Turkey. The study data were obtained through the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, the Psychological Hardiness Scale, the Humor Styles Questionnaire, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short-Form. Correlation analysis, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were used for the analysis of the data. The results obtained from the mediation test showed that cognitive flexibility positively predicted psychological hardiness, and that positive humor styles and happiness were partial mediating variables in this relationship. The findings obtained in the research were discussed in the light of the related literature and recommendations were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdi Yağan
- Ministry of Education, Yüksekova Science and Arts Center, Hakkari, Turkey
| | - Zöhre Kaya
- Faculty of Education, Department of Guidance and Psychological Counseling, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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A systematic review and psychometric evaluation of resilience measurement scales for people living with dementia and their carers. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:298. [PMCID: PMC9675235 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01747-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychometrically sound resilience outcome measures are essential to establish how health and care services or interventions can enhance the resilience of people living with dementia (PLWD) and their carers. This paper systematically reviews the literature to identify studies that administered a resilience measurement scale with PLWD and/or their carers and examines the psychometric properties of these measures. Electronic abstract databases and the internet were searched, and an international network contacted to identify peer-reviewed journal articles. Two authors independently extracted data. They critically reviewed the measurement properties from the available psychometric data in the studies, using a standardised checklist adapted for purpose. Fifty-one studies were included in the final review, which applied nine different resilience measures, eight developed in other populations and one developed for dementia carers in Thailand. None of the measures were developed for use with people living with dementia. The majority of studies (N = 47) focussed on dementia carers, three studies focussed on people living with dementia and one study measured both carers and the person with dementia. All the studies had missing information regarding the psychometric properties of the measures as applied in these two populations. Nineteen studies presented internal consistency data, suggesting seven of the nine measures demonstrate acceptable reliability in these new populations. There was some evidence of construct validity, and twenty-eight studies hypothesised effects a priori (associations with other outcome measure/demographic data/differences in scores between relevant groups) which were partially supported. The other studies were either exploratory or did not specify hypotheses. This limited evidence does not necessarily mean the resilience measure is not suitable, and we encourage future users of resilience measures in these populations to report information to advance knowledge and inform further reviews. All the measures require further psychometric evaluation in both these populations. The conceptual adequacy of the measures as applied in these new populations was questionable. Further research to understand the experience of resilience for people living with dementia and carers could establish the extent current measures -which tend to measure personal strengths -are relevant and comprehensive, or whether further work is required to establish a new resilience outcome measure.
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Festerling L, Buentzel J, Fischer von Weikersthal L, Junghans C, Zomorodbakhsch B, Stoll C, Prott FJ, Fuxius S, Micke O, Richter A, Sallmann D, Huebner J, Hoppe C. Resilience in cancer patients and how it correlates with demographics, psychological factors, and lifestyle. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04480-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Being diagnosed with cancer is challenging. Many patients wish to be actively involved in treatment and contribute to therapy, but the patients’ coping abilities and desire for involvement differ. The individual level of resilience seems to play a major role. Our study aims to learn more about the associations of resilience and factors as demographics and psychological factors.
Methods
This multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted in ten oncological centers in Germany in summer 2021. The questionnaire collected information on demographics, resilience, self-efficacy, general satisfaction with life, and sense of coherence. Considered lifestyle-aspects were diet and physical activity. 416 patients were included in the analyses.
Results
A moderate mean resilience score was achieved (M = 69). Significant correlations in demographics were found for resilience and education (r = 0.146, p = 0.003), income (r = 0.205, p = 0.001), and time since receiving diagnosis (r = − 0.115, p = 0.021). Resilience and self-efficacy correlated on a high level (r = 0.595, p < 0.001), resilience and sense of coherence, and resilience and general satisfaction with life in a moderate way (r = 0.339, p < 0.001; r = 0.461, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Resilience portrays an important aspect in cancer treatment. Detecting patients at risk, stabilizing, or improving resilience are important to focus on and strengthen them accordingly. Possible negatively influencing factors (e.g., low self-efficacy) need to be considered. Factors affecting resilience but difficult to influence, as educational background, should be screened for. Also, the combination of low resilience and low income seems to describe a vulnerable patient group.
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Semkovska M, Joyce C, Keyes J, Reilly S, Delaney A, Harrold A, McManus H. Modelling the Relationship Between Resilience to Depression and Recent Stressful Life Events in University Students. Psychol Rep 2022:332941221139713. [PMID: 36377829 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221139713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Resilience, or successful coping with the experience of stressful life events (SLEs), protects against depression, but its operational mechanisms are unclear. Views diverge whether resilience intervenes as a trait or as a process of dynamic interactions of protective factors, such as self-esteem, social support and family cohesion. We evaluated five theoretically-based models of how resilience, defined as either a trait or a process, interacts with recent SLEs, to explain depressive symptomatology in 2434 university students. The moderating effect of problematic, age-inappropriate parenting (i.e., helicopter parenting) was also assessed. SLEs moderated both the effects of trait and process resilience on depression, but models conceptualising resilience as a dynamic process of interacting components showed better explanatory power than models conceptualising resilience solely as a trait. Trait resilience was protective through self-esteem at all levels of SLEs exposure (low, mild, moderate or high), and significantly, but less so through hope or social support. Experiencing helicopter parenting weakened the protective influence of process resilience, through decreasing family cohesion in the presence of SLEs. The overall assessment of the five models supports a process conceptualisation of resilience to depression in the face of adversity. However, the results also suggest that not all protective factors are equally important, with self-esteem appearing a significant and strong mediator of resilience to depression in all models including it as a variable. Building process resilience is proposed as a key intervention target for depressive symptoms. Clinical assessments and interventions following SLEs should routinely consider both trait resilience and self-esteem, as the interaction of these two factors protects against depression even at the highest levels of adversity exposure. Depression prevention approaches should address the individual's experience of overparenting, given the deleterious influence of helicopter parenting on resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Semkovska
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ciara Joyce
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jessica Keyes
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sinead Reilly
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Aoife Delaney
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Aine Harrold
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Hannah McManus
- Department of Psychology, 8808University of Limerick, Ireland
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Tutte-Vallarino V, Malán-Ernst E, Reyes-Bossio M, Peinado-Portero A, de Álvaro JI, Ortín Montero FJ, Garcés de Los Fayos Ruiz EJ. Relationship between resilience, optimism, and burnout in Pan-American athletes. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1048033. [PMID: 36452394 PMCID: PMC9703057 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1048033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM A series of knowledge has been developed on burnout syndrome in the sports context that has allowed to generate a solid theoretical structure that requires new contributions to delve into those aspects that have been less addressed, as is the case of optimism and resilience when it comes to linking them to the syndrome in top-performance athletes. For this purpose, the Burnout Inventory for Athletes (IBD-r), the Resilience Scale adapted to Spanish, and the Life Orientation Scale-Revised (LOT-R) for optimism were used. METHODS From this perspective, the study was approached with 121 Uruguayan athletes who participated in the last Pan-American Games, assuming practically all the subjects who have this level of sport (142) considering gender and type of sport. RESULTS The results indicate that 67% of the sample presents burnout symptoms for the emotional exhaustion dimension, and moderate resilience and optimism. Although there are no significant differences attributable to gender or type of sport, this contribution allows us to continue focusing on future work and further analysis. The type of sport presented statistically significant differences in relation to the personal competence dimension and the type of sport. CONCLUSION Resilience and optimism obtained a clear influence on the occurrence of burnout, in a statistically negative sense, showing themselves as interesting prevention strategies for future lines of research, where it is essential to design interventions that teach emotional skills to manage adversity and prevent burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Estefanía Malán-Ernst
- Departamento de Bienestar y Salud, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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Yan HY, Lin HR. Resilience in Stroke Patients: A Concept Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2281. [PMID: 36421605 PMCID: PMC9691242 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Resilience enables individuals to develop positive coping strategies when faced with adversity. However, knowledge on resilience in stroke patients remains limited, and resilience assessment methods continue to be debated. (2) Aim: To perform a concept analysis of resilience in stroke patients. (3) Methods: The Walker and Avant approach to concept analysis was adopted. Searches were performed in the PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), and Chinese Electronic Periodical Services (CEPS) databases and grey literature using the keywords "stroke patient", "resilience", and "concept analysis". (4) Results: The defining attributes of resilience in stroke patients were classified into internal personality traits and external environmental support. Antecedents included physical, mental, and familial and social impairments caused by the disease, and the consequences were good adaptation, which included active cooperation with rehabilitation activities, positive thinking, goal setting, and harboring hope for the future. (5) Conclusion: Resilience is of a diverse and complex nature. Optimism and positivity, problem-solving ability, and familial and social support may assist in re-adjusting or restoring the balance between physical and mental health when a stroke patient faces adversity. Key factors affecting resilience in stroke patients should be further investigated in future research to assist in the development of effective interventional treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Yeu Yan
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, University of Kang Ning, Taipei City 114311, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ru Lin
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
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Hepner KA, Bloom EL, Newberry S, Sousa JL, Osilla KC, Booth M, Bialas A, Rutter CM. The Impact of Mindfulness Meditation Programs on Performance-Related Outcomes: Implications for the U.S. Army. RAND HEALTH QUARTERLY 2022; 10:9. [PMID: 36484076 PMCID: PMC9718060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although studies have suggested that mindfulness-based interventions might be effective in enhancing military readiness and resilience, this has not been rigorously evaluated. This study presents results from a systematic review and meta-analyses of research examining how mindfulness meditation affects 13 performance-related outcomes of interest to the U.S. Army and broader military. The authors supplemented the systematic review by examining how mindfulness meditation could support stress management and exploring characteristics of selected mindfulness programs. The goal was to develop recommendations for mindfulness meditation programs for soldiers, should the Army choose to implement such programs in the future. Findings suggest that mindfulness may improve some aspects of attention and emotion regulation, impulsivity, and work-related morale and social support. The available evidence does not suggest that mindfulness improves other outcomes of interest to the Army. Notably, mindfulness meditation programs reduce stress and may reduce parental stress, which could benefit Army families. Yet more research is needed to identify best practices for implementing mindfulness programs in the military. The authors recommend conducting high-quality evaluations of mindfulness meditation with soldiers and assessing the effect of mindfulness meditation on military families.
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Ollis L, Cropley M, Plans D, Cogo-Moreira H. Disentangling change across the time and true stability of employees' resilience using latent state model. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:651. [PMID: 36266624 PMCID: PMC9583564 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is debate within the literature about whether resilience should be considered a stable character trait or a dynamic, changeable process (state). Two widely used measures to assess resilience are the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the true stability (invariance) and change across time in resilience captured by these two measures. Using the perspective of Latent State-Trait theory, the aim was to decipher if the CD-RISC and the RSA are more trait-like or more state-like and to address whether true differences in resilience between participants increased (or decreased) across time. In this longitudinal study, UK-based employees (N = 378) completed the CD-RISC (10-item version) and the RSA (33-item version, aggregated and analyzed under six parcels) at three occasions over six months. A latent-state model and latent-state model with indicator specific residual factors were utilized. The analysis suggested that both questionnaires capture trait and state components of resilience. These results contribute to the discussion about how resilience scales are measuring change and stability, and how we define resilience as a more trait-like or state-like phenomena. The findings also highlight the issue of what resilience scales are measuring and whether resilience is a quantifiable construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Ollis
- grid.5475.30000 0004 0407 4824School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey UK
| | - Mark Cropley
- grid.5475.30000 0004 0407 4824School of Psychological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey UK
| | - David Plans
- grid.4970.a0000 0001 2188 881XDepartment of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
| | - Hugo Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway.
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Lopatovska I, Arora K, Fernandes FV, Rao A, Sivkoff-Livneh S, Stamm B. Experiences of the Ukrainian adolescents during the Russia-Ukraine 2022 War. INFORMATION AND LEARNING SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/ils-07-2022-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to explore the current experiences of Ukrainian adolescents affected by the Russia-Ukraine war. The study focused on the changes in adolescents’ lives caused by the war, adolescents’ emotional reactions to the disruptions caused by the war, coping strategies employed by adolescents in dealing with disruptions and the role of information technology in supporting new realities and coping strategies of adolescents.
Design/methodology/approach
This study relied on semi-structured interviews conducted on Zoom with 27 Ukrainian adolescents ages 10-18. Participants were recruited using the snowball sample and came from various regions of Ukraine. The interview notes and partial transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify the common and unique patterns in participant responses.
Findings
The interview data revealed the signs of traumatic experiences and various stages and methods of coping with them. Participants’ resilience was supported by external factors, including families, communities, continuous schooling, ability to talk to friends, information technology, as well as internal skills, including social competence, problem-solving, critical consciousness, autonomy and a sense of purpose. Participants shared specific recommendations for improving information platforms and online content, e.g. making them more accessible and affordable for Ukrainian users, improving content curation and personalization, creating and promoting Ukrainian content and others.
Research limitations/implications
Research relied on convenience sample of participants who had access to information communication technology (ICT), were aware and had an ability to participate. Field work is needed to reach out to participants without access to ICT.
Practical implications
This study contains broad recommendations for improving information technologies for the use of Ukrainian adolescents.
Social implications
This research offers three timely account of the first-hand experiences of Ukrainian adolescents affected by the Russia-Ukraine war and can inform future work aimed at improving life conditions for teen population.
Originality/value
This study relied on first-hand reports of Ukrainian adolescents’ experiences, feelings and coping strategies during the first three months of Russia-Ukraine war. The study applied war trauma and resilience frameworks to interpret the findings and translate some of the findings into practical recommendations for the information science community.
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Yörük S, Acikgoz A, Güler D. The predictors of secondary traumatic stress and psychological resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Turkey. Stress Health 2022; 38:746-754. [PMID: 35107215 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between predictive factors of secondary traumatic stress (STS), that is, sociodemographic and work characteristics, and the psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working in different regions of Turkey. This cross-sectional study included 1416 healthcare workers (HCWs). An independent sample t-test and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyse the data. The predictor variables for STS included perception of health, fear of contagion, anxiety about infecting family members, psychological resilience, type of work, having a COVID-19 diagnosis in the family, and experiencing a loss due to COVID-19 (p < 0.05). The variables that predicted psychological resilience included socioeconomic status, health status, age, marital status, work experience, and type of work (p < 0.05). A low number of resilient HCWs experienced secondary traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Yörük
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Balıkesir University, Cagis Campus, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Ayla Acikgoz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Döndü Güler
- Sakarya University, Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
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Çapar A, Çuhadar D. Correlation between psychological resilience and suicide probability in patients with psychiatric disorder. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1442-1448. [PMID: 34523123 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It was aimed to evaluate the correlation between psychological resilience and possibility of suicide in psychiatric patients. DESIGN AND METHODS The data of the research were collected using "Individual Information Form", "Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA)," and "Suicide Probability Scale (SPS)". FINDINGS It was found that the mean total score of SPS was 70.97 ± 12.82 and moderate risk, the mean total score of RSA was 112.50 ± 25.38, and the levels of psychological resilience were at a good level. It has been determined that patients with low levels of psychological resilience have a higher risk of committing suicide. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Findings show that a high level of resilience reduces the risk of suicide. Implementing interventions to improve psychological resilience will help prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Çapar
- Department of Health Care Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Döndü Çuhadar
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Lassen ER, Hagen K, Kvale G, Eid J, Le Hellard S, Solem S. Personality traits and hardiness as risk- and protective factors for mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Norwegian two-wave study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:610. [PMID: 36109737 PMCID: PMC9476397 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors for anxious-depressive symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic have been established. However, few studies have examined the relationship between personality traits, hardiness, and such symptomatology during the pandemic. These constructs might serve as risk- and/or protective factors for such mental distress through the pandemic. METHODS A sample of 5783 Norwegians responded to a survey at two time points within the first year of the pandemic. The first data collection was in April 2020 (T1) and the second in December 2020 (T2). Measures included the Ten-Item Personality-Inventory, the Revised Norwegian Dispositional Resilience Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale. Analyses were performed using Pearson's correlations, multiple linear regression, and a moderation analysis. RESULTS Anxious-depressive symptomatology in early phases (T1) of the pandemic was the strongest predictor for the presence of such symptomatology 9 months after the outbreak (T2). Personality and hardiness correlated significantly with mental distress at T1 and T2. Personality traits explained 5% variance in symptoms when controlling for age, gender, solitary living, negative economic impact, and mental distress at baseline. Higher neuroticism predicted higher mental distress, whereas higher conscientiousness and extraversion predicted less mental distress. Hardiness did not explain variance in outcome beyond personality traits. Hardiness did not significantly moderate the relationship between neuroticism and mental distress. CONCLUSION Individuals with high levels of neuroticism had greater difficulties adapting to the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic and were more prone to mental distress. Contrastingly, higher conscientiousness and extraversion may have served as protective factors for mental distress during the pandemic. The current findings might aid identification of vulnerable individuals and groups. Consequently, preventive interventions could be offered to those who need it the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Rasmussen Lassen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kristen Hagen
- grid.416049.e0000 0004 0627 2824Molde Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Møre og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Molde, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gerd Kvale
- grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jarle Eid
- grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Center for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Solem
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Aldemir E, Akyel B, Havaceligi Atlam D. Resilience and childhood trauma in a substance-dependent sample: A cross-sectional, controlled study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1961322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Aldemir
- Institute on Drug Abuse, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Betul Akyel
- Research and Application Center of Child and Adolescent Alcohol Drug Addiction, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Demet Havaceligi Atlam
- Institute on Drug Abuse, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Georgoulas‐Sherry V. Understanding the Distinctions of Positive Constructs: Resilience, Grit, and Hardiness. JOURNAL OF LEADERSHIP STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jls.21818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Linden B, Ecclestone A, Stuart H. A scoping review and evaluation of instruments used to measure resilience among post-secondary students. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101227. [PMID: 36177483 PMCID: PMC9513163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As mental health problems continue to increase among post-secondary populations, the need to develop effective initiatives designed to bolster students’ resilience has increasingly been identified as a priority. Therefore, access to valid tools with which to measure the efficacy of these interventions is imperative. To date, a comprehensive assessment of existing instruments used to evaluate the construct of resilience among post-secondary student populations has not been conducted. The purpose of this study was to fill this gap by conducting a scoping review of literature detailing the use of resilience instruments and evaluating their quality based on suitability for use in the post-secondary setting and associated psychometric evidence. We identified a total of 78 records published between 2010 and 2022, extracting a total of 12 instruments. Using detailed criteria frameworks, each instrument was assessed in terms of suitability and quality of associated psychometric evidence for validity and reliability. The results of our study suggest that many of the instruments currently being used to assess resilience among post-secondary students may not be appropriate. The majority of the instruments included in our review were developed for use among general adult populations and not specifically designed for use in the post-secondary setting. Most instruments did not assess resilience in a comprehensive, holistic matter that addressed the ability to bounce back from adversity by drawing upon psychological, social, cultural, and environmental resources, as defined by recent research. Further, no instruments included in our review had published evidence in support of a complete psychometric analysis. The results of our evaluation suggest that the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is the most suitable instrument for measuring resilience among post-secondary populations due to its suitability, comprehensive assessment of the construct of resilience, and demonstrably strong psychometric properties for both the 25- and 10-item versions of the tool. There is a need for access to valid and appropriate tools with which to measure post-secondary students’ resilience. We identified a total of 12 instruments evaluating resilience among post-secondary student populations. The majority of the instruments were not designed for use in the post-secondary setting and were not comprehensive· We recommend the CD-RISC as the most suitable. We recommend the CD-RISC as the most suitable instrument for measuring resilience among post-secondary students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Linden
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, 21 Arch Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3L3, 343-333-6127, Canada
| | - Amy Ecclestone
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, 21 Arch Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3L3, 343-333-6127, Canada
| | - Heather Stuart
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Departments of Public Health Sciences, Psychiatry and School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Canada
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Grossini E, Stecco A, Gramaglia C, De Zanet D, Cantello R, Gori B, Negroni D, Azzolina D, Ferrante D, Feggi A, Carriero A, Zeppegno P. Misophonia: Analysis of the neuroanatomic patterns at the basis of psychiatric symptoms and changes of the orthosympathetic/ parasympathetic balance. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:827998. [PMID: 36033627 PMCID: PMC9406292 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.827998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Misophonia is a disorder characterized by reduced tolerance to specific sounds or stimuli known as “triggers,” which tend to evoke negative emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses. In this study, we aimed to better characterize participants with misophonia through the evaluation of the response of the autonomic nervous system to “trigger sounds,” a psychometric assessment, and the analysis of the neurological pathways. Materials and methods Participants included 11 adults presenting with misophonic disturbance and 44 sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Following recently proposed diagnostic criteria, the participants listened to six “trigger sounds” and a “general annoyance” sound (baby crying) during a series of physiological tests. The effects were examined through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), and of galvanic skin conductance (GSC). The fMRI was performed on a 3T Scanner. The HRV was obtained through the analysis of electrocardiogram, whereas the GSC was examined through the positioning of silver-chloride electrodes on fingers. Furthermore, the psychometric assessment included questionnaires focused on misophonia, psychopathology, resilience, anger, and motivation. Results Participants with misophonia showed patterns of increased sympathetic activation in response to trigger sounds and a general annoyance sound, the low frequency (LF) component of HRV, the sympathetic index, and the number of significant GSC over the threshold, where the amplitude/phasic response of GSC was higher. The fMRI analysis provided evidence for the activation of the temporal cortex, the limbic area, the ventromedial prefrontal/premotor/cingulate cortex, and the cerebellum in participants with misophonia. In addition, the psychometric assessment seemed to differentiate misophonia as a construct independent from general psychopathology. Conclusion These results suggest the activation of a specific auditory-insula-limbic pathway at the basis of the sympathetic activation observed in participants with misophonia in response to “trigger and general annoyance sounds.” Further studies should disentangle the complex issue of whether misophonia represents a new clinical disorder or a non-pathological condition. These results could help to build diagnostic tests to recognize and better classify this disorder. The relevance of this question goes beyond purely theoretical issues, as in the first case, participants with misophonia should receive a diagnosis and a targeted treatment, while in the second case, they should not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Grossini,
| | - Alessandro Stecco
- Radiology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Carla Gramaglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniel De Zanet
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Benedetta Gori
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Negroni
- Radiology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Danila Azzolina
- Statistic Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Statistic Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Feggi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carriero
- Radiology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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Julian M, Cheadle ACD, Knudsen KS, Bilder RM, Dunkel Schetter C. Resilience Resources Scale: A brief resilience measure validated with undergraduate students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1434-1443. [PMID: 32941114 PMCID: PMC10035631 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1802283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This paper presents a theory-based brief resilience scale, the Resilience Resources Scale (RRS), and evidence for its factor structure, reliability, and validity in two studies of undergraduate students. Participants: Study 1 sampled 295 students and Study 2 sampled 244 students. Methods: Study 1 participants completed the RRS and other measures online at one of two time points eight weeks apart (n = 193), or at both time points (n = 102). Study 2 participants completed the RRS and other measures online on a single occasion. Results: Factor analyses provided evidence for a one-factor model. Results indicated high internal consistency and strong test-retest reliability. Evidence of concurrent and predictive validity is presented. Conclusions: The RRS measures resilience resources known to be protective of physical and mental health. This brief scale has sound psychometric properties in these initial studies of undergraduate students. We offer possible directions for use of the RRS in this and other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Julian
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Kendra S Knudsen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Robert M Bilder
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christine Dunkel Schetter
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Çıvgın U, Gün Z. The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support in the Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Depression Level in a Sample of Prisoners. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2022; 32:159-166. [PMID: 38764871 PMCID: PMC11099644 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2022.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background According to statistical data, the number of people committing a crime is increasing day by day. This situation makes it necessary to examine and improve the psychological conditions of prisoners. Previous researches in the literature show that depression is a prominent psychiatric illness for prisoners. It is seen that depressive symptoms have been frequently studied in terms of their relationship with perceived social support and psychological resilience. In this study, the hypothesis that perceived social support will play a mediating role in the relationship between psychological resilience and depressive symptoms has been tested. Methods A total of 494 prisoners from the prisons in Turkey were accepted as participants. Information was collected from the participants with Beck Depression Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and The Resilience Scale for Adults and Demographic Form. Results Based on the analysis, the hypothesis of the study was supported, and it was found that perceived social support played a mediating role in the relationship between psychological resilience and depressive symptom. Conclusions The evaluation of psychological resilience and perceived social support, which are established to be important factors for prisoners, can also be put forth to be the factors that could be protective. Clinical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Çıvgın
- Department of Psychology, Cyprus International University, Nicossia, TRNC
| | - Zübeyit Gün
- Genesis Psychological Counseling, İzmir, Turkey
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Attachment and well-being: Mediatory roles of mindfulness, psychological inflexibility, and resilience. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00820-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Galluzzi S, Mega A, Di Fede G, Muscio C, Fascendini S, Benussi L, Tagliavini F, Frisoni GB, Di Maria E. Psychological Impact of Predictive Genetic Testing for Inherited Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia: The IT-DIAfN Protocol. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:118-124. [PMID: 35293381 PMCID: PMC9132242 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to evaluate the psychological impact of predictive genetic testing in individuals at-risk for inherited dementia who underwent a structured counseling and testing protocol. METHODS Participants were healthy at-risk relatives from families with at least one affected patient, in whom a disease-associated genetic variant had been ascertained. A comprehensive psychological assessment (personality, anxiety and depression, quality of life, coping strategies, resilience and health-related beliefs) was administered at baseline, at 6 months and 12 months follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-four participants from 13 families were included. Sixteen participants underwent blood sampling and genetic analysis; 6 resulted to be carriers of pathogenic variants (1 in PSEN1, 1 in PSEN2, 4 in GRN). Carriers showed higher score on the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) - social competence, and on Multidimensional Health Locus of Control - internal, than noncarriers (P=0.03 for both). Ten at-risk relatives who completed the follow-up showed improvement in RSA - planned future (P=0.01) with respect to baseline. DISCUSSION Our case series showed that at-risk individuals undergoing predictive testing showed benefit on personal life and no detrimental impact on a broad range of psychological outcomes. Higher social skills and lower internal health locus of control in carriers may be an early psychological correlate of preclinical dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mega
- Laboratory Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology V – Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | - Cristina Muscio
- Neurology V – Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | | | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | | | - Giovanni B. Frisoni
- Laboratory Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology
- Memory Clinic, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Emilio Di Maria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Galliera Hospital, Genoa
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THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE COMPASSION AND RESILIENCE OF NURSES: THE CASE OF TURKEY. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.993079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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