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Li G, Zhao R, Xie Z, Qu X, Duan Y, Zhu Y, Liang H, Tang D, Li Z, He W. Mining bone metastasis related key genes of prostate cancer from the STING pathway based on machine learning. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1372495. [PMID: 38835789 PMCID: PMC11148254 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1372495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignant tumor in male, and bone metastasis occurs in about 70% of patients with advanced disease. The STING pathway, an innate immune signaling mechanism, has been shown to play a key role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and cancerous bone pain. Hence, exploring regulatory mechanism of STING in PCa bone metastasis will bring novel opportunities for treating PCa bone metastasis. Methods First, key genes were screened from STING-related genes (SRGs) based on random forest algorithm and their predictive performance was evaluated. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of key genes was performed to explore their roles in prostate carcinogenesis, metastasis and tumor immunity. Next, cellular experiments were performed to verify the role of RELA in proliferation and migration in PCa cells, meanwhile, based on immunohistochemistry, we verified the difference of RELA expression between PCa primary foci and bone metastasis. Finally, based on the key genes to construct an accurate and reliable nomogram, and mined targeting drugs of key genes. Results In this study, three key genes for bone metastasis were mined from SRGs based on the random forest algorithm. Evaluation analysis showed that the key genes had excellent prediction performance, and it also showed that the key genes played a key role in carcinogenesis, metastasis and tumor immunity in PCa by comprehensive analysis. In addition, cellular experiments and immunohistochemistry confirmed that overexpression of RELA significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of PCa cells, and RELA was significantly low-expression in bone metastasis. Finally, the constructed nomogram showed excellent predictive performance in Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC, AUC = 0.99) curve, calibration curve, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) curve; and the targeted drugs showed good molecular docking effects. Conclusion In sum, this study not only provides a new theoretical basis for the mechanism of PCa bone metastasis, but also provides novel therapeutic targets and novel diagnostic tools for advanced PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqiang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Runhan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingtao Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yafei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dagang Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zefang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Qianjiang Hospital Affiliated with Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyang He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Guo J, Ma RY, Qian BZ. Macrophage heterogeneity in bone metastasis. J Bone Oncol 2024; 45:100598. [PMID: 38585688 PMCID: PMC10997910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies illustrated that macrophage, a type of innate immune cell, plays critical roles in tumour progression and metastasis. Bone is the most frequent site of metastasis for several cancer types including breast, prostate, and lung. In bone metastasis, osteoclast, a macrophage subset specialized in bone resorption, was heavily investigated in the past. Recent studies illustrated that other macrophage subsets, e.g. monocyte-derived macrophages, and bone resident macrophages, promoted bone metastasis independent of osteoclast function. These novel mechanisms further improved our understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in the context of bone metastasis and illustrated new opportunities for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin-Zhi Qian
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, The Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang-Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Pappert M, Khosla S, Doolittle M. Influences of Aged Bone Marrow Macrophages on Skeletal Health and Senescence. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:771-778. [PMID: 37688671 PMCID: PMC10724341 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of macrophages in the regulation of skeletal health with age, particularly in regard to both established and unexplored mechanisms in driving inflammation and senescence. RECENT FINDINGS A multitude of research has uncovered mechanisms of intrinsic aging in macrophages, detrimental factors released by these immune cells, and crosstalk from senescent mesenchymal cell types, which altogether drive age-related bone loss. Furthermore, bone marrow macrophages were recently proposed to be responsible for the megakaryocytic shift during aging and overall maintenance of the hematopoietic niche. Studies on extra-skeletal macrophages have shed light on possible conserved mechanisms within bone and highlight the importance of these cells in systemic aging. Macrophages are a critically important cell type in maintaining skeletal homeostasis with age. New discoveries in this area are of utmost importance in fully understanding the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Pappert
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center On Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center On Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Madison Doolittle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center On Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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4
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Jimenez-Andrade JM, Ramírez-Rosas MB, Hee Park S, Parker R, Eber MR, Cain R, Newland M, Hsu FC, Kittel CA, Martin TJ, Muñoz-Islas E, Shiozawa Y, Peters CM. Evaluation of pain related behaviors and disease related outcomes in an immunocompetent mouse model of prostate cancer induced bone pain. J Bone Oncol 2023; 43:100510. [PMID: 38075938 PMCID: PMC10701434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is the most common and devastating symptom of bone metastatic cancer that substantially disrupts patients' quality of life. Currently, there are few effective analgesic treatments for CIBP other than opioids which come with severe side effects. In order to better understand the factors and mechanisms responsible for CIBP it is essential to have clinically relevant animal models that mirror pain-related symptoms and disease progression observed in patients with bone metastatic cancer. In the current study, we characterize a syngeneic mouse model of prostate cancer induced bone pain. We transfected a prostate cancer cell line (RM1) with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase reporters in order to visualize tumor growth longitudinally in vivo and to assess the relationship between sensory neurons and tumor cells within the bone microenvironment. Following intra-femoral injection of the RM1 prostate cancer cell line into male C57BL/6 mice, we observed a progressive increase in spontaneous guarding of the inoculated limb between 12 and 21 days post inoculation in tumor bearing compared to sham operated mice. Daily running wheel performance was evaluated as a measure of functional impairment and potentially movement evoked pain. We observed a progressive reduction in the distance traveled and percentage of time at optimal velocity between 12 and 21 days post inoculation in tumor bearing compared to sham operated mice. We utilized histological, radiographic and μCT analysis to examine tumor induced bone remodeling and observed osteolytic lesions as well as extra-periosteal aberrant bone formation in the tumor bearing femur, similar to clinical findings in patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer. Within the tumor bearing femur, we observed reorganization of blood vessels, macrophage and nerve fibers within the intramedullary space and periosteum adjacent to tumor cells. Tumor bearing mice displayed significant increases in the injury marker ATF3 and upregulation of the neuropeptides SP and CGRP in the ipsilateral DRG as well as increased measures of central sensitization and glial activation in the ipsilateral spinal cord. This immunocompetent mouse model will be useful when combined with cell type selective transgenic mice to examine tumor, immune cell and sensory neuron interactions in the bone microenvironment and their role in pain and disease progression associated with bone metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martha B. Ramírez-Rosas
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Campus Reynosa Aztlán, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, 88700 Mexico
| | - Sun Hee Park
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Renee Parker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Matthew R. Eber
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Rebecca Cain
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Mary Newland
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Carol A. Kittel
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Thomas J. Martin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Campus Reynosa Aztlán, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, 88700 Mexico
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Christopher M. Peters
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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5
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Ihle CL, Wright-Hobart SJ, Owens P. Therapeutics targeting the metastatic breast cancer bone microenvironment. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Interplay between fat cells and immune cells in bone: Impact on malignant progression and therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Sethakorn N, Heninger E, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Ding AB, Yada RC, Kerr SC, Kosoff D, Beebe DJ, Lang JM. Advancing Treatment of Bone Metastases through Novel Translational Approaches Targeting the Bone Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:757. [PMID: 35159026 PMCID: PMC8833657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases represent a lethal condition that frequently occurs in solid tumors such as prostate, breast, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, and increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) including pain, pathologic fractures, and spinal cord compression. This unique metastatic niche consists of a multicellular complex that cancer cells co-opt to engender bone remodeling, immune suppression, and stromal-mediated therapeutic resistance. This review comprehensively discusses clinical challenges of bone metastases, novel preclinical models of the bone and bone marrow microenviroment, and crucial signaling pathways active in bone homeostasis and metastatic niche. These studies establish the context to summarize the current state of investigational agents targeting BM, and approaches to improve BM-targeting therapies. Finally, we discuss opportunities to advance research in bone and bone marrow microenvironments by increasing complexity of humanized preclinical models and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to translational research in this challenging metastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sethakorn
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Erika Heninger
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Adeline B. Ding
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Ravi Chandra Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Sheena C. Kerr
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - David Kosoff
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
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GDF15 promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis and colonization through osteoblastic CCL2 and RANKL activation. Bone Res 2022; 10:6. [PMID: 35058441 PMCID: PMC8776828 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases occur in patients with advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa). The cell-cell interaction between PCa and the bone microenvironment forms a vicious cycle that modulates the bone microenvironment, increases bone deformities, and drives tumor growth in the bone. However, the molecular mechanisms of PCa-mediated modulation of the bone microenvironment are complex and remain poorly defined. Here, we evaluated growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) function using in vivo preclinical PCa-bone metastasis mouse models and an in vitro bone cell coculture system. Our results suggest that PCa-secreted GDF15 promotes bone metastases and induces bone microarchitectural alterations in a preclinical xenograft model. Mechanistic studies revealed that GDF15 increases osteoblast function and facilitates the growth of PCa in bone by activating osteoclastogenesis through osteoblastic production of CCL2 and RANKL and recruitment of osteomacs. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the critical role of GDF15 in the modulation of the bone microenvironment and subsequent development of PCa bone metastasis.
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9
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Batoon L, McCauley LK. Cross Talk Between Macrophages and Cancer Cells in the Bone Metastatic Environment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:763846. [PMID: 34803925 PMCID: PMC8597897 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeleton is a common site for cancer metastases with the bone microenvironment providing the appropriate conditions for cancer cell colonization. Once in bone, cancer cells effectively manipulate their microenvironment to support their growth and survival. Despite previous efforts to improve treatment modalities, skeletal metastases remain with poor prognoses. This warrants an improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to bone metastasis that will aid development of effective treatments. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment are termed tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and their crosstalk with cancer cells is critical in regulating tumorigenicity in multiple cancers. In bone metastases, this crosstalk is also being increasingly implicated but the specific signaling pathways remain incompletely understood. Here, we summarize the reported functions, interactions, and signaling of macrophages with cancer cells during the metastatic cascade to bone. Specifically, we review and discuss how these specific interactions impact macrophages and their profiles to promote tumor development. We also discuss the potential of targeting this crosstalk to inhibit disease progression. Finally, we identify the remaining knowledge gaps that will need to be addressed in order to fully consider therapeutic targeting to improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Batoon
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Bones and Immunology Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laurie K. McCauley
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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10
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Kähkönen TE, Halleen JM, Bernoulli J. Osteoimmuno-Oncology: Therapeutic Opportunities for Targeting Immune Cells in Bone Metastasis. Cells 2021; 10:1529. [PMID: 34204474 PMCID: PMC8233913 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies provide a potential treatment option for currently incurable bone metastases. Bone marrow is an important secondary lymphoid organ with a unique immune contexture. Even at non-disease state immune cells and bone cells interact with each other, bone cells supporting the development of immune cells and immune cells regulating bone turnover. In cancer, tumor cells interfere with this homeostatic process starting from formation of pre-metastatic niche and later supporting growth of bone metastases. In this review, we introduce a novel concept osteoimmuno-oncology (OIO), which refers to interactions between bone, immune and tumor cells in bone metastatic microenvironment. We also discuss therapeutic opportunities of targeting immune cells in bone metastases, and associated efficacy and safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jenni Bernoulli
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland;
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11
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Treatment with a long-acting chimeric CSF1 molecule enhances fracture healing of healthy and osteoporotic bones. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120936. [PMID: 34303178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage-targeted therapies, including macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), have been shown to have pro-repair impacts post-fracture. Preclinical/clinical applications of CSF1 have been expedited by development of chimeric CSF1-Fc which has extended circulating half-life. Here, we used mouse models to investigate the bone regenerative potential of CSF1-Fc in healthy and osteoporotic fracture. We also explored whether combination of CSF1-Fc with interleukin (IL)-4 provided additional fracture healing benefit in osteopenic bone. Micro-computed tomography, in situ histomorphometry, and bone mechanical parameters were used to assess systemic impacts of CSF1-Fc therapy in naive mice (male and female young, adult and geriatric). An intermittent CSF1-Fc regimen was optimized to mitigate undesirable impacts on bone resorption and hepatosplenomegaly, irrespective of age or gender. The intermittent CSF1-Fc regimen was tested in a mid-diaphyseal femoral fracture model in healthy bones with treatment initiated 1-day post-fracture. Weekly CSF1-Fc did not impact osteoclasts but increased osteal macrophages and improved fracture strength. Importantly, this treatment regimen also improved fracture union and strength in an ovariectomy-model of delayed fracture repair. Combining CSF1-Fc with IL-4 initiated 1-week post-fracture reduced the efficacy of CSF1-Fc. This study describes a novel strategy to specifically achieve bone regenerative actions of CSF1-Fc that has the potential to alleviate fragility fracture morbidity and mortality.
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12
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Kreps LM, Addison CL. Targeting Intercellular Communication in the Bone Microenvironment to Prevent Disseminated Tumor Cell Escape from Dormancy and Bone Metastatic Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062911. [PMID: 33805598 PMCID: PMC7998601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis to the bone is a common feature of many cancers including those of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney. Once tumors metastasize to the bone, they are essentially incurable. Bone metastasis is a complex process involving not only intravasation of tumor cells from the primary tumor into circulation, but extravasation from circulation into the bone where they meet an environment that is generally suppressive of their growth. The bone microenvironment can inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) by inducing dormancy of the DTC directly and later on following formation of a micrometastatic tumour mass by inhibiting metastatic processes including angiogenesis, bone remodeling and immunosuppressive cell functions. In this review we will highlight some of the mechanisms mediating DTC dormancy and the complex relationships which occur between tumor cells and bone resident cells in the bone metastatic microenvironment. These inter-cellular interactions may be important targets to consider for development of novel effective therapies for the prevention or treatment of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Kreps
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Christina L. Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-7700
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Li S, Wang W. Extracellular Vesicles in Tumors: A Potential Mediator of Bone Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639514. [PMID: 33869189 PMCID: PMC8047145 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common metastatic sites, bone has a unique microenvironment for the growth and prosperity of metastatic tumor cells. Bone metastasis is a common complication for tumor patients and accounts for 15-20% of systemic metastasis, which is only secondary to lung and liver metastasis. Cancers prone to bone metastasis include lung, breast, and prostate cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane vesicles released from different cell types. It is clear that EVs are associated with multiple biological phenomena and are crucial for intracellular communication by transporting intracellular substances. Recent studies have implicated EVs in the development of cancer. However, the potential roles of EVs in the pathological exchange of bone cells between tumors and the bone microenvironment remain an emerging area. This review is focused on the role of tumor-derived EVs in bone metastasis and possible regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shenglong Li,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
- Wei Wang,
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14
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Clézardin P, Coleman R, Puppo M, Ottewell P, Bonnelye E, Paycha F, Confavreux CB, Holen I. Bone metastasis: mechanisms, therapies, and biomarkers. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:797-855. [PMID: 33356915 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastases are frequent complications of many cancers, causing bone complications (fractures, bone pain, disability) that negatively affect the patient's quality of life. Here, we first discuss the burden of skeletal complications in cancer bone metastasis. We then describe the pathophysiology of bone metastasis. Bone metastasis is a multistage process: long before the development of clinically detectable metastases, circulating tumor cells settle and enter a dormant state in normal vascular and endosteal niches present in the bone marrow, which provide immediate attachment and shelter, and only become active years later as they proliferate and alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming (osteoblasts) cells, promoting skeletal destruction. The molecular mechanisms involved in mediating each of these steps are described, and we also explain how tumor cells interact with a myriad of interconnected cell populations in the bone marrow, including a rich vascular network, immune cells, adipocytes, and nerves. We discuss metabolic programs that tumor cells could engage with to specifically grow in bone. We also describe the progress and future directions of existing bone-targeted agents and report emerging therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases. Finally, we discuss the value of bone turnover biomarkers in detection and monitoring of progression and therapeutic effects in patients with bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Clézardin
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Margherita Puppo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Paycha
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille B Confavreux
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service de Rhumatologie Sud, CEMOS-Centre Expert des Métastases Osseuses, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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15
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Chen K, Jiao Y, Liu L, Huang M, He C, He W, Hou J, Yang M, Luo X, Li C. Communications Between Bone Marrow Macrophages and Bone Cells in Bone Remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:598263. [PMID: 33415105 PMCID: PMC7783313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.598263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian skeleton is a metabolically active organ that continuously undergoes bone remodeling, a process of tightly coupled bone resorption and formation throughout life. Recent studies have expanded our knowledge about the interactions between cells within bone marrow in bone remodeling. Macrophages resident in bone (BMMs) can regulate bone metabolism via secreting numbers of cytokines and exosomes. This review summarizes the current understanding of factors, exosomes, and hormones that involved in the communications between BMMs and other bone cells including mensenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and so on. We also discuss the role of BMMs and potential therapeutic approaches targeting BMMs in bone remodeling related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurui Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzhen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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16
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Dorff TB, Stein C, Kortylewski M, Posadas E, Synold T, Quinn D. Evaluating Changes in Immune Function and Bone Microenvironment During Radium-223 Treatment of Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:485-489. [PMID: 32366119 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of radium-223 on the immune system and the bone tumor microenvironment are incompletely understood. The authors describe mechanisms by which radium-223 may interact with the immune system, specifically through STAT-3 and impact on tumor and circulating lymphocyte populations. They review mechanisms through which effects of radium-223 and androgen-targeted therapy on bone microenvironment could be better elucidated. These knowledge gaps currently limit development of optimal combination therapy approaches for radium-223. Tissue based studies are currently underway in a prospective clinical trial to enhance therapeutic perspective on radium-223 treatment in the prostate cancer landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya B Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Cy Stein
- Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Marcin Kortylewski
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy Synold
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - David Quinn
- Department of Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Khan T, He Y, Kryza T, Harrington BS, Gunter JH, Sullivan MA, Cuda T, Rogers R, Davies CM, Broomfield A, Gough M, Wu AC, McGann T, Weroha SJ, Haluska P, Forbes JM, Armes JE, Barry SC, Coward JI, Jagasia N, Chetty N, Snell CE, Lourie R, Perrin LC, Hooper JD. Disruption of Glycogen Utilization Markedly Improves the Efficacy of Carboplatin against Preclinical Models of Clear Cell Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E869. [PMID: 32260077 PMCID: PMC7226162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High stage and recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCC) are associated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. A distinguishing histological feature of OCC is abundant cytoplasmic stores of glucose, in the form of glycogen, that can be mobilized for cellular metabolism. Here, we report the effect on preclinical models of OCC of disrupting glycogen utilization using the glucose analogue 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG). At concentrations significantly lower than previously reported for other cancers, 2DG markedly improves the efficacy in vitro of carboplatin chemotherapy against chemo-sensitive TOV21G and chemo-resistant OVTOKO OCC cell lines, and this is accompanied by the depletion of glycogen. Of note, 2DG doses-of more than 10-fold lower than previously reported for other cancers-significantly improve the efficacy of carboplatin against cell line and patient-derived xenograft models in mice that mimic the chemo-responsiveness of OCC. These findings are encouraging, in that 2DG doses, which are substantially lower than previously reported to cause adverse events in cancer patients, can safely and significantly improve the efficacy of carboplatin against OCC. Our results thus justify clinical trials to evaluate whether low dose 2DG improves the efficacy of carboplatin in OCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashbib Khan
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Brittney S. Harrington
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Jennifer H. Gunter
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia;
| | - Mitchell A. Sullivan
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Tahleesa Cuda
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Rebecca Rogers
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Claire M. Davies
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Amy Broomfield
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Andy C. Wu
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Thomas McGann
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - S. John Weroha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (S.J.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (S.J.W.); (P.H.)
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Josephine M. Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
| | - Jane E. Armes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Sinead C. Barry
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Jermaine I. Coward
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- ICON Cancer Care, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Nisha Jagasia
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Naven Chetty
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Cameron E. Snell
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Rohan Lourie
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Lewis C. Perrin
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
- Mater Brisbane Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; (A.B.); (M.G.); (N.J.); (N.C.)
| | - John D. Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (T.K.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (B.S.H.); (M.A.S.); (T.C.); (R.R.); (C.M.D.); (A.C.W.); (T.M.); (J.M.F.); (J.E.A.); (S.C.B.); (J.I.C.); (C.E.S.); (R.L.); (L.C.P.)
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18
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Shiozawa Y. The Roles of Bone Marrow-Resident Cells as a Microenvironment for Bone Metastasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1226:57-72. [PMID: 32030676 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36214-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been appreciated that the cross talk between bone metastatic cancer cells and bone marrow microenvironment influence one another to worsen bone metastatic disease progression. Bone marrow contains various cell types, including (1) cells of mesenchymal origin (e.g., osteoblasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes), (2) cells of hematopoietic origin (e.g., osteoclast and immune cells), and (3) others (e.g., endothelial cells and nerves). The recent studies have enabled us to discover many important cancer-derived factors responsible for the development of bone metastasis. However, many critical questions regarding the roles of bone microenvironment in bone metastatic progression remain elusive. To answer these questions, a deeper understanding of the cross talk between bone metastatic cancer and bone marrow microenvironment is clearly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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19
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Kong L, Smith W, Hao D. Overview of RAW264.7 for osteoclastogensis study: Phenotype and stimuli. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3077-3087. [PMID: 30892789 PMCID: PMC6484317 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is preserved by the balance of maintaining between the activity of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. However, investigations for the osteoclastogenesis were hampered by considerable difficulties associated with isolating and culturing osteoclast in vivo. As the alternative, stimuli‐induced osteoclasts formation from RAW264.7 cells (RAW‐OCs) have gain its importance for extensively osteoclastogenic study of bone diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, osteolysis and periodontitis. However, considering the RAW‐OCs have not yet been well‐characterized and RAW264.7 cells are polymorphic because of a diverse phenotype of the individual cells comprising this cell linage, and different fate associated with various stimuli contributions. Thus, in present study, we provide an overview for current knowledge of the phenotype of RAW264.7 cells, as well as the current understanding of the complicated interactions between various stimuli and RAW‐OCs in the light of the recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine, School of Medicine, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanli Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine, School of Medicine, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Macrophage Origin, Metabolic Reprogramming and IL-1 Signaling: Promises and Pitfalls in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030298. [PMID: 30832375 PMCID: PMC6468621 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are tissue-resident cells that act as immune sentinels to maintain tissue integrity, preserve self-tolerance and protect against invading pathogens. Lung macrophages within the distal airways face around 8000–9000 L of air every day and for that reason are continuously exposed to a variety of inhaled particles, allergens or airborne microbes. Chronic exposure to irritant particles can prime macrophages to mediate a smoldering inflammatory response creating a mutagenic environment and favoring cancer initiation. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the majority of the tumor stroma and maintain intricate interactions with malignant cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) largely influencing the outcome of cancer growth and metastasis. A number of macrophage-centered approaches have been investigated as potential cancer therapy and include strategies to limit their infiltration or exploit their antitumor effector functions. Recently, strategies aimed at targeting IL-1β signaling pathway using a blocking antibody have unexpectedly shown great promise on incident lung cancer. Here, we review the current understanding of the bridge between TAM metabolism, IL-1β signaling, and effector functions in lung adenocarcinoma and address the challenges to successfully incorporating these pathways into current anticancer regimens.
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21
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Xiang L, Gilkes DM. The Contribution of the Immune System in Bone Metastasis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040999. [PMID: 30823602 PMCID: PMC6412551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is associated with significant morbidity for cancer patients and results in a reduced quality of life. The bone marrow is a fertile soil containing a complex composition of immune cells that may actually provide an immune-privileged niche for disseminated tumor cells to colonize and proliferate. In this unique immune milieu, multiple immune cells including T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and neutrophils are involved in the process of bone metastasis. In this review, we will discuss the crosstalk between immune cells in bone microenvironment and their involvement with cancer cell metastasis to the bone. Furthermore, we will highlight the anti-tumoral and pro-tumoral function of each immune cell type that contributes to bone metastasis. We will end with a discussion of current therapeutic strategies aimed at sensitizing immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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22
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Lo CH, Lynch CC. Multifaceted Roles for Macrophages in Prostate Cancer Skeletal Metastasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:247. [PMID: 29867776 PMCID: PMC5968094 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-metastatic prostate cancer is common in men with recurrent castrate-resistant disease. To date, therapeutic focus has largely revolved around androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and chemotherapy. While second-generation ADTs and combination ADT/chemotherapy approaches have been successful in extending overall survival, the disease remains incurable. It is clear that molecular and cellular components of the cancer-bone microenvironment contribute to the disease progression and potentially to the emergence of therapy resistance. In bone, metastatic prostate cancer cells manipulate bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts to produce growth and survival factors. While osteoclast-targeted therapies such as bisphosphonates have improved quality of life, emerging data have defined important roles for additional cells of the bone microenvironment, including macrophages and T cells. Disappointingly, early clinical trials with checkpoint blockade inhibitors geared at promoting cytotoxic T cell response have not proved as promising for prostate cancer compared to other solid malignancies. Macrophages, including bone-resident osteomacs, are a major component of the bone marrow and play key roles in coordinating normal bone remodeling and injury repair. The role for anti-inflammatory macrophages in the progression of primary prostate cancer is well established yet relatively little is known about macrophages in the context of bone-metastatic prostate cancer. The focus of the current review is to summarize our knowledge of macrophage contribution to normal bone remodeling and prostate-to-bone metastasis, while also considering the impact of standard of care and targeted therapies on macrophage behavior in the tumor-bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hao Lo
- Cancer Biology Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Conor C. Lynch
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
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Santoni M, Cheng L, Conti A, Mariani C, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R, Battelli N. Activity and Functions of Tumor-associated Macrophages in Prostate Carcinogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Jing W, Zhang L, Qin F, Li X, Guo X, Li Y, Qiu C, Zhao Y. Targeting macrophages for cancer therapy disrupts bone homeostasis and impairs bone marrow erythropoiesis in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma tumors. Cell Immunol 2017; 331:168-177. [PMID: 30103869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are represented in all tissues by phenotypically distinct resident populations that show great functional diversity. Macrophages generally play a protumoral role, and they are attractive targets for cancer therapy. In this study, we found that CD169+ macrophages depletion inhibited the growth of established Lewis lung carcinoma tumors in mice. Benefits must be weighed against potential adverse effects in cancer therapy. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of CD169+ macrophages depletion on bone and bone marrow in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma tumors. Our studies showed that depletion of CD169+ macrophages in LLC tumor-bearing mice disrupted bone homeostasis, including bone weight loss and bone mineral density decrease. Further studies revealed that bone marrow erythropoiesis was severely impaired after depletion of CD169+ macrophages in LLC tumor-bearing mice. Our findings suggest that depletion of macrophages for cancer therapy may be associated with potential adverse effects that need to be recognized, prevented, and optimally managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - XiuXiu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chunhong Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mounting evidence supporting the critical contribution of macrophages, in particular osteal macrophages, to bone regeneration is reviewed. We specifically examine the potential role of macrophages in the basic multicellular units coordinating lifelong bone regeneration via remodelling and bone regeneration in response to injury. We review and discuss the distinctions between macrophage and osteoclast contributions to bone homeostasis, particularly the dichotomous role of the colony-stimulating factor 1-colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor axis. RECENT FINDINGS The impact of inflammation associated with aging and other hallmarks of aging, including senescence, on macrophage function is addressed in the context of osteoporosis and delayed fracture repair. Resident macrophages versus recruited macrophage contributions to fracture healing are also discussed. We identify some of the remaining knowledge gaps that will need to be closed in order to maximise benefits from therapeutically modulating or mimicking the function of macrophages to improve bone health and regeneration over a lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Batoon
- Bones and Immunology Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Care Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Susan Marie Millard
- Bones and Immunology Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Care Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Liza Jane Raggatt
- Bones and Immunology Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Care Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4092, Australia
| | - Allison Robyn Pettit
- Bones and Immunology Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Care Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4092, Australia.
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26
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Abstract
Bone metastasis from primary cancer sites creates diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Calcified bone is difficult to biopsy due to tissue hardness and patient discomfort, thus limiting the frequency and availability of bone/bone marrow biopsy material for molecular profiling. In addition, bony tissue must be demineralized (decalcified) prior to histomorphologic analysis. Decalcification processes rely on three main principles: (a) solubility of calcium salts in an acid, such as formic or nitric acid; (b) calcium chelation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); or (c) ion-exchange resins in a weak acid. A major roadblock in molecular profiling of bony tissue has been the lack of a suitable demineralization process that preserves histomorphology of calcified and soft tissue elements while also preserving phosphoproteins and nucleic acids. In this chapter, we describe general issues relevant to specimen collection and preservation of osseous tissue for molecular profiling. We provide two protocols: (a) one-step preservation of tissue histomorphology and proteins and posttranslational modifications, with simultaneous decalcification of bony tissue, and (b) ethanol-based tissue processing for TheraLin-fixed bony tissue.
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Muhsin-Sharafaldine MR, Saunderson SC, Dunn AC, McLellan AD. Melanoma growth and lymph node metastasis is independent of host CD169 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:965-970. [PMID: 28359758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis to the lymph node is a frequent and early event in tumour dissemination. Tumour soluble factors, including extracellular vesicles, condition host organs for metastatic tumour spread, thereby facilitating tumour cell migration and survival. In the peripheral lymphatics, extracellular vesicles are captured via their sialic acids by lymph node macrophages expressing the CD169 (sialoadhesin) molecule, thereby suppressing the immune response. We hypothesised that the CD169 molecule could modulate primary tumour growth and invasion into the regional lymph node by altering the immune response to tumour extracellular vesicles, or by directly interacting with invading tumour cells. No significant difference was noted in primary tumour growth between wild-type and CD169-/- mice, and protection against tumour challenge with tumour extracellular vesicle immunisation was similar between the strains. Subcutaneous implantation of B16 (F1 or F10) into the ventral-carpal aspect of forelimb resulted in melanoma infiltration into the axillary and brachial lymph nodes. CD169-/- mice displayed a lower level of metastatic lymph node lesions, however this failed to reach statistical significance. Although CD169 participates in the immune response to tumour antigen and appears to be a positive prognostic marker for human cancers, its role in modulating melanoma growth and metastasis is less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah C Saunderson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amy C Dunn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alexander D McLellan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Alexander KA, Raggatt LJ, Millard S, Batoon L, Chiu-Ku Wu A, Chang MK, Hume DA, Pettit AR. Resting and injury-induced inflamed periosteum contain multiple macrophage subsets that are located at sites of bone growth and regeneration. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 95:7-16. [PMID: 27553584 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Better understanding of bone growth and regeneration mechanisms within periosteal tissues will improve understanding of bone physiology and pathology. Macrophage contributions to bone biology and repair have been established but specific investigation of periosteal macrophages has not been undertaken. We used an immunohistochemistry approach to characterize macrophages in growing murine bone and within activated periosteum induced in a mouse model of bone injury. Osteal tissue macrophages (osteomacs) and resident macrophages were distributed throughout resting periosteum. In tissues collected from 4-week-old mice, osteomacs were observed intimately associated with sites of periosteal diaphyseal and metaphyseal bone dynamics associated with normal growth. This included F4/80+Mac-2-/low osteomac association with extended tracks of bone formation (modeling) on diphyseal periosteal surfaces. Although this recapitulated endosteal osteomac characteristics, there was subtle variance in the morphology and spatial organization of periosteal modeling-associated osteomacs, which likely reflects the greater structural complexity of periosteum. Osteomacs, resident macrophages and inflammatory macrophages (F4/80+Mac-2hi) were associated with the complex bone dynamics occurring within the periosteum at the metaphyseal corticalization zone. These three macrophage subsets were also present within activated native periosteum after bone injury across a 9-day time course that spanned the inflammatory through remodeling bone healing phases. This included osteomac association with foci of endochondral ossification within the activated native periosteum. These observations confirm that osteomacs are key components of both osteal tissues, in spite of salient differences between endosteal and periosteal structure and that multiple macrophage subsets are involved in periosteal bone dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Anne Alexander
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liza-Jane Raggatt
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan Millard
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lena Batoon
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andy Chiu-Ku Wu
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ming-Kang Chang
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Arthur Hume
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, Scotland, UK
| | - Allison Robyn Pettit
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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Role of bone marrow macrophages in controlling homeostasis and repair in bone and bone marrow niches. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 61:12-21. [PMID: 27521519 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages, named for their phagocytic ability, participate in homeostasis, tissue regeneration and inflammatory responses. Bone and adjacent marrow contain multiple functionally unique resident tissue macrophage subsets which maintain and regulate anatomically distinct niche environments within these interconnected tissues. Three subsets of bone-bone marrow resident tissue macrophages have been characterised; erythroblastic island macrophages, haematopoietic stem cell niche macrophages and osteal macrophages. The role of these macrophages in controlling homeostasis and repair in bone and bone marrow niches is reviewed in detail.
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