1
|
Rogerson-Wood L, Goldsbury CS, Sawatari A, Leamey CA. An early enriched experience drives targeted microglial engulfment of miswired neural circuitry during a restricted postnatal period. Glia 2024; 72:1217-1235. [PMID: 38511347 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Brain function is critically dependent on correct circuit assembly. Microglia are well-known for their important roles in immunological defense and neural plasticity, but whether they can also mediate experience-induced correction of miswired circuitry is unclear. Ten-m3 knockout (KO) mice display a pronounced and stereotyped visuotopic mismapping of ipsilateral retinal inputs in their visual thalamus, providing a useful model to probe circuit correction mechanisms. Environmental enrichment (EE) commenced around birth, but not later in life, can drive a partial correction of the most mismapped retinal inputs in Ten-m3 KO mice. Here, we assess whether enrichment unlocks the capacity for microglia to selectively engulf and remove miswired circuitry, and the timing of this effect. Expression of the microglial-associated lysosomal protein CD68 showed a clear enrichment-driven, spatially restricted change which had not commenced at postnatal day (P)18, was evident at P21, more robust at P25, and had ceased by P30. This was observed specifically at the corrective pruning site and was absent at a control site. An engulfment assay at the corrective pruning site in P25 mice showed EE-driven microglial-uptake of the mismapped axon terminals. This was temporally and spatially specific, as no enrichment-driven microglial engulfment was seen in P18 KO mice, nor the control locus. The timecourse of the EE-driven corrective pruning as determined anatomically, aligned with this pattern of microglia reactivity and engulfment. Collectively, these findings show experience can drive targeted microglial engulfment of miswired neural circuitry during a restricted postnatal window. This may have important therapeutic implications for neurodevelopmental conditions involving aberrant neural connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Rogerson-Wood
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience theme), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire S Goldsbury
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience theme), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Atomu Sawatari
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience theme), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine A Leamey
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience theme), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peshoff MM, Gupta P, Oberai S, Trivedi R, Katayama H, Chakrapani P, Dang M, Migliozzi S, Gumin J, Kadri DB, Lin JK, Milam NK, Maynard ME, Vaillant BD, Parker-Kerrigan B, Lang FF, Huse JT, Iavarone A, Wang L, Clise-Dwyer K, Bhat KP. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) regulates phagocytosis in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:826-839. [PMID: 38237157 PMCID: PMC11066944 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas (GBMs) are central nervous system tumors that resist standard-of-care interventions and even immune checkpoint blockade. Myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment can contribute to GBM progression; therefore, emerging immunotherapeutic approaches include reprogramming these cells to achieve desirable antitumor activity. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a myeloid signaling regulator that has been implicated in a variety of cancers and neurological diseases with contrasting functions, but its role in GBM immunopathology and progression is still under investigation. METHODS Our reverse translational investigations leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing and cytometry of human gliomas to characterize TREM2 expression across myeloid subpopulations. Using 2 distinct murine glioma models, we examined the role of Trem2 on tumor progression and immune modulation of myeloid cells. Furthermore, we designed a method of tracking phagocytosis of glioma cells in vivo and employed in vitro assays to mechanistically understand the influence of TREM2 signaling on tumor uptake. RESULTS We discovered that TREM2 expression does not correlate with immunosuppressive pathways, but rather showed strong a positive association with the canonical phagocytosis markers lysozyme (LYZ) and macrophage scavenger receptor (CD163) in gliomas. While Trem2 deficiency was found to be dispensable for gliomagenesis, Trem2+ myeloid cells display enhanced tumor uptake compared to Trem2- cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TREM2 mediates phagocytosis via Syk signaling. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TREM2 is not associated with immunosuppression in gliomas. Instead, TREM2 is an important regulator of phagocytosis that may be exploited as a potential therapeutic strategy for brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mekenzie M Peshoff
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pravesh Gupta
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shivangi Oberai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rakesh Trivedi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hiroshi Katayama
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Prashanth Chakrapani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Minghao Dang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Simona Migliozzi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Divya B Kadri
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica K Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nancy K Milam
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark E Maynard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian D Vaillant
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Brittany Parker-Kerrigan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason T Huse
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Linghua Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim W, Kim M, Kim B. Unraveling the enigma: housekeeping gene Ugt1a7c as a universal biomarker for microglia. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1364201. [PMID: 38666091 PMCID: PMC11043603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1364201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia, brain resident macrophages, play multiple roles in maintaining homeostasis, including immunity, surveillance, and protecting the central nervous system through their distinct activation processes. Identifying all types of microglia-driven populations is crucial due to the presence of various phenotypes that differ based on developmental stages or activation states. During embryonic development, the E8.5 yolk sac contains erythromyeloid progenitors that go through different growth phases, eventually resulting in the formation of microglia. In addition, microglia are present in neurological diseases as a diverse population. So far, no individual biomarker for microglia has been discovered that can accurately identify and monitor their development and attributes. Summary Here, we highlight the newly defined biomarker of mouse microglia, UGT1A7C, which exhibits superior stability in expression during microglia development and activation compared to other known microglia biomarkers. The UGT1A7C sensing chemical probe labels all microglia in the 3xTG AD mouse model. The expression of Ugt1a7c is stable during development, with only a 4-fold variation, while other microglia biomarkers, such as Csf1r and Cx3cr1, exhibit at least a 10-fold difference. The UGT1A7C expression remains constant throughout its lifespan. In addition, the expression and activity of UGT1A7C are the same in response to different types of inflammatory activators' treatment in vitro. Conclusion We propose employing UGT1A7C as the representative biomarker for microglia, irrespective of their developmental state, age, or activation status. Using UGT1A7C can reduce the requirement for using multiple biomarkers, enhance the precision of microglia analysis, and even be utilized as a standard for gene/protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beomsue Kim
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Berríos-Cárcamo P, Núñez S, Castañeda J, Gallardo J, Bono MR, Ezquer F. Two-Month Voluntary Ethanol Consumption Promotes Mild Neuroinflammation in the Cerebellum but Not in the Prefrontal Cortex, Hippocampus, or Striatum of Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4173. [PMID: 38673763 PMCID: PMC11050159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic ethanol exposure often triggers neuroinflammation in the brain's reward system, potentially promoting the drive for ethanol consumption. A main marker of neuroinflammation is the microglia-derived monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) in animal models of alcohol use disorder in which ethanol is forcefully given. However, there are conflicting findings on whether MCP1 is elevated when ethanol is taken voluntarily, which challenges its key role in promoting motivation for ethanol consumption. Here, we studied MCP1 mRNA levels in areas implicated in consumption motivation-specifically, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum-as well as in the cerebellum, a brain area highly sensitive to ethanol, of C57BL/6 mice subjected to intermittent and voluntary ethanol consumption for two months. We found a significant increase in MCP1 mRNA levels in the cerebellum of mice that consumed ethanol compared to controls, whereas no significant changes were observed in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, or striatum or in microglia isolated from the hippocampus and striatum. To further characterize cerebellar neuroinflammation, we measured the expression changes in other proinflammatory markers and chemokines, revealing a significant increase in the proinflammatory microRNA miR-155. Notably, other classical proinflammatory markers, such as TNFα, IL6, and IL-1β, remained unaltered, suggesting mild neuroinflammation. These results suggest that the onset of neuroinflammation in motivation-related areas is not required for high voluntary consumption in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, cerebellar susceptibility to neuroinflammation may be a trigger to the cerebellar degeneration that occurs after chronic ethanol consumption in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Berríos-Cárcamo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (J.G.); (F.E.)
| | - Sarah Núñez
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Los Leones 7510602, Chile;
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 8580702, Chile
| | - Justine Castañeda
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (J.C.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Javiera Gallardo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (J.G.); (F.E.)
| | - María Rosa Bono
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (J.C.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Fernando Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610615, Chile; (J.G.); (F.E.)
- Research Center for the Development of Novel Therapeutics Alternatives for Alcohol Use Disorders, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu C, Cárdenas-Rivera A, Teitelbaum S, Birmingham A, Alfadhel M, Yaseen MA. Neuroinflammation increases oxygen extraction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:78. [PMID: 38600598 PMCID: PMC11005245 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation, impaired metabolism, and hypoperfusion are fundamental pathological hallmarks of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous studies have asserted a close association between neuroinflammation and disrupted cerebral energetics. During AD progression and other neurodegenerative disorders, a persistent state of chronic neuroinflammation reportedly exacerbates cytotoxicity and potentiates neuronal death. Here, we assessed the impact of a neuroinflammatory challenge on metabolic demand and microvascular hemodynamics in the somatosensory cortex of an AD mouse model. METHODS We utilized in vivo 2-photon microscopy and the phosphorescent oxygen sensor Oxyphor 2P to measure partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and capillary red blood cell flux in cortical microvessels of awake mice. Intravascular pO2 and capillary RBC flux measurements were performed in 8-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice and wildtype littermates on days 0, 7, and 14 of a 14-day period of lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. RESULTS Before the induced inflammatory challenge, AD mice demonstrated reduced metabolic demand but similar capillary red blood cell flux as their wild type counterparts. Neuroinflammation provoked significant reductions in cerebral intravascular oxygen levels and elevated oxygen extraction in both animal groups, without significantly altering red blood cell flux in capillaries. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that neuroinflammation alters cerebral oxygen demand at the early stages of AD without substantially altering vascular oxygen supply. The results will guide our understanding of neuroinflammation's influence on neuroimaging biomarkers for early AD diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Shayna Teitelbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Austin Birmingham
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed Alfadhel
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohammad A Yaseen
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen S, Huang W, Wan Q, Tang Z, Li X, Zeng F, Zheng S, Li Z, Liu X. Investigation of the acute pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis/HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis based on genome-wide association analysis and single-cell transcriptomics. J Transl Med 2024; 22:271. [PMID: 38475831 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA)/HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis (AAU) experience recurring acute flares, which pose significant visual and financial challenges. Despite established links between SpA and HLA-B27-associated AAU, the exact mechanism involved remains unclear, and further understanding is needed for effective prevention and treatment. METHODS To investigate the acute pathogenesis of SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU, Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell transcriptomic analyses were employed. The MR incorporated publicly available protein quantitative trait locus data from previous studies, along with genome-wide association study data from public databases. Causal relationships between plasma proteins and anterior uveitis were assessed using two-sample MR. Additionally, colocalization analysis was performed using Bayesian colocalization. Single-cell transcriptome analysis utilized the anterior uveitis dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Dimensionality reduction, clustering, transcription factor analysis, pseudotime analysis, and cell communication analysis were subsequently conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms involved. RESULTS Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that circulating levels of AIF1 and VARS were significantly associated with a reduced risk of developing SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU, with AIF1 showing a robust correlation with anterior uveitis onset. Colocalization analysis supported these findings. Single-cell transcriptome analysis showed predominant AIF1 expression in myeloid cells, which was notably lower in the HLA-B27-positive group. Pseudotime analysis revealed dendritic cell terminal positions in differentiation branches, accompanied by gradual decreases in AIF1 expression. Based on cell communication analysis, CD141+CLEC9A+ classic dendritic cells (cDCs) and the APP pathway play crucial roles in cellular communication in the Spa/HLA-B27 group. CONCLUSIONS AIF1 is essential for the pathogenesis of SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU. Myeloid cell differentiation into DCs and decreased AIF1 levels are also pivotal in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Weidi Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoqian Wan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zichun Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shuyan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Quality Attribute of Cell Therapy Products, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Procès A, Alpizar YA, Halliez S, Brône B, Saudou F, Ris L, Gabriele S. Stretch-injury promotes microglia activation with enhanced phagocytic and synaptic stripping activities. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122426. [PMID: 38134473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microglial cells, as the primary defense line in the central nervous system, play a crucial role in responding to various mechanical signals that can trigger their activation. Despite extensive research on the impact of chemical signaling on brain cells, the understanding of mechanical signaling in microglia remains limited. To bridge this gap, we subjected microglial cells to a singular mechanical stretch and compared their responses with those induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment, a well-established chemical activator. Here we show that stretching microglial cells leads to their activation, highlighting their significant mechanosensitivity. Stretched microglial cells exhibited distinct features, including elevated levels of Iba1 protein, a denser actin cytoskeleton, and increased persistence in migration. Unlike LPS-treated microglial cells, the secretory profile of chemokines and cytokines remained largely unchanged in response to stretching, except for TNF-α. Intriguingly, a single stretch injury resulted in more compacted chromatin and DNA damage, suggesting potential long-term genomic instabilities in stretched microglia. Using compartmentalized microfluidic chambers with neuronal networks, we observed that stretched microglial cells exhibited enhanced phagocytic and synaptic stripping activities. These findings collectively suggest that stretching events can unlock the immune potential of microglial cells, contributing to the maintenance of brain tissue homeostasis following mechanical injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Procès
- Mechanobiology & Biomaterials Group, CIRMAP, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium; Neuroscience Laboratory, Neuroscience Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, BIOMED Research Institute, UHasselt, B-3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sophie Halliez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Bert Brône
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, BIOMED Research Institute, UHasselt, B-3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Saudou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neuroscience, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Ris
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Neuroscience Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology & Biomaterials Group, CIRMAP, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Hakeim HK, Twaij BAAR, Al-Naqeeb TH, Moustafa SR, Maes M. Neuronal damage and inflammatory biomarkers are associated with the affective and chronic fatigue-like symptoms due to end-stage renal disease. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:220-229. [PMID: 38007104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many biochemical, immunological, and neuropsychiatric changes are associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Neuronal damage biomarkers such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (IBA1), and myelin basic protein (MBP) are among the less-studied biomarkers of ESRD. AIM We examined the associations between these neuro-axis biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers, e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL-6), IL-10, and zinc, copper, and neuropsychiatric symptoms due to ERSD. METHODS ELISA techniques were used to measure serum levels of neuronal damage biomarkers in 70 ESRD patients, and 46 healthy controls. RESULTS ESRD patients have higher scores of depression, anxiety, fatigue, and physiosomatic symptoms than healthy controls. Aberrations in kidney function tests and the number of dialysis interventions are associated with the severity of depression, anxiety, fibro-fatigue and physiosomatic symptoms, peripheral inflammation, nestin, and NFL. Serum levels of neuronal damage biomarkers (NFL, MBP, and nestin), CRP, and interleukin (IL)-10 are elevated, and serum zinc is decreased in ESRD patients as compared with controls. The neuronal damage biomarkers NFL, nestin, S100B and MBP are associated with the severity of one or more neuropsychiatric symptom domains. Around 50 % of the variance in the neuropsychiatric symptoms is explained by NFL, nestin, S00B, copper, and an inflammatory index. CONCLUSIONS The severity of renal dysfunction and/or the number of dialysis interventions may induce peripheral inflammation and, consequently, neurotoxicity to intermediate filament proteins, astrocytes, and the blood-brain barrier, leading to the neuropsychiatric symptoms of ESRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tabarek Hadi Al-Naqeeb
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Shatha Rouf Moustafa
- Clinical Analysis Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Havalan City, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bobotis BC, Halvorson T, Carrier M, Tremblay MÈ. Established and emerging techniques for the study of microglia: visualization, depletion, and fate mapping. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1317125. [PMID: 38425429 PMCID: PMC10902073 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1317125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is an essential hub for neuronal communication. As a major component of the CNS, glial cells are vital in the maintenance and regulation of neuronal network dynamics. Research on microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the CNS, has advanced considerably in recent years, and our understanding of their diverse functions continues to grow. Microglia play critical roles in the formation and regulation of neuronal synapses, myelination, responses to injury, neurogenesis, inflammation, and many other physiological processes. In parallel with advances in microglial biology, cutting-edge techniques for the characterization of microglial properties have emerged with increasing depth and precision. Labeling tools and reporter models are important for the study of microglial morphology, ultrastructure, and dynamics, but also for microglial isolation, which is required to glean key phenotypic information through single-cell transcriptomics and other emerging approaches. Strategies for selective microglial depletion and modulation can provide novel insights into microglia-targeted treatment strategies in models of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions, cancer, and autoimmunity. Finally, fate mapping has emerged as an important tool to answer fundamental questions about microglial biology, including their origin, migration, and proliferation throughout the lifetime of an organism. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of these established and emerging techniques, with applications to the study of microglia in development, homeostasis, and CNS pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Caroline Bobotis
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Torin Halvorson
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Matsuo M, Kanbe A, Noguchi K, Niwa A, Imaizumi Y, Kuroda T, Ichihashi K, Okubo T, Mori K, Kanayama T, Tomita H, Hara A. Time-course analysis of liver and serum galectin-3 in acute liver injury after alpha-galactosylceramide injection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298284. [PMID: 38330036 PMCID: PMC10852258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin that plays important roles in diverse physiological functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mRNA splicing. This protein is expressed on inflammatory cells and acts as a local inflammatory mediator. Recently, galectin-3 has been detected in several diseases, such as chronic liver, heart, and kidney diseases, diabetes, viral infection, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, and tumors, and its role as a biomarker has attracted attention. Alpha-galactosylceramide is an artificially synthesized sphingolipid that can induce acute liver injury via the natural killer T pathway. However, the pathophysiological roles and kinetics of galectin-3 in acute liver injury are not fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate the expression and time course of galectin-3 in liver tissues during acute liver injury following alpha-galactosylceramide injection. Animals were histologically examined on days 1, 2, 4, and 7 after intraperitoneal injection of alpha-galactosylceramide, and the expressions of galectin-3 and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 were analyzed. Notably, galectin-3 formed characteristic cluster foci, particularly on day 2 after injection. Cluster formation was not observed in chronic liver disease. Simultaneously, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1-positive cells were observed in the cluster foci. Serum galectin-3 levels increased on day 2 of treatment and correlated well with the number of galectin-3-positive cell clusters in the liver. Moreover, galectin-3 expression was an important mediator of the early phase of liver injury after alpha-galactosylceramide injection. These results suggest that serum galectin-3 may be a biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute liver injury and that clusters of galectin-3-positive cells may be a specific finding in acute liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Matsuo
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ayumu Kanbe
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kei Noguchi
- Department of Pathology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ayumi Niwa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu Japan
| | - Yuko Imaizumi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahito Kuroda
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koki Ichihashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Okubo
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mori
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kanayama
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lai AY, Almanza DLV, Ribeiro JA, Hill ME, Mandrozos M, Koletar MM, Stefanovic B, McLaurin J. Obesity Facilitates Sex-Specific Improvement In Cognition And Neuronal Function In A Rat Model Of Alzheimer's Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575200. [PMID: 38328066 PMCID: PMC10849478 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity reduces or increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) depending on whether it is assessed in mid-life or late-life. There is currently no consensus on the relationship between obesity and AD or the mechanism or their interaction. Here, we aim to differentiate the cause-and-effect relationship between obesity and AD in a controlled rat model of AD. We induced obesity in 9-month-old TgF344-AD rats, that is pathology-load wise similar to early symptomatic phase of human AD. To more accurately model human obesity, we fed both TgF344-AD and non-transgenic littermates a varied high-carbohydrate-high-fat diet consisting of human food for 3 months. Obesity increased overall glucose metabolism and slowed cognitive decline in TgF344-AD rats, specifically executive function, without affecting non-transgenic rats. Pathological analyses of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus showed that obesity in TgF344-AD rats produced varied effects, with increased density of myelin and oligodendrocytes, lowered density and activation of microglia that we propose contributes to the cognitive improvement. However, obesity also decreased neuronal density, and promoted deposition of amyloid-beta plaques and tau inclusions. After 6 months on the high-carbohydrate-high-fat diet, detrimental effects on density of neurons, amyloid-beta plaques, and tau inclusions persisted while the beneficial effects on myelin, microglia, and cognitive functions remained albeit with a lower effect size. By examining the effect of sex, we found that both beneficial and detrimental effects of obesity were stronger in female TgF344-AD rats indicating that obesity during early symptomatic phase of AD is protective in females.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Z, Chen W, Chan H, Peng J, Zhu P, Li J, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Tan Z, Peng Y, Zhang S, Lin K, Yung KKL. Polystyrene microplastics induce size-dependent multi-organ damage in mice: Insights into gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132503. [PMID: 37717443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Particle size is one of the most important factors in determining the biological toxicity of microplastics (MPs). In this study, we attempted to examine the systemic toxicity of polystyrene MPs of different sizes (0.5 µm MP1 and 5 µm MP2) in C57BL/6 J mice. After the mice were given oral gavage of MPs for 8 consecutive weeks, histopathology and molecular biology assays, 16 S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics were performed. The results showed that MPs were distributed in the organs in a size-dependent manner, with smaller particles demonstrating greater biodistribution. Further analysis indicated that exposure to MPs caused multi-organ damage through distinct toxicity pathways. Specifically, exposure to 0.5 µm MP1 led to excessive accumulation and induced more serious inflammation and mechanical damage in the spleen, kidney, heart, lung, and liver. However, 5 µm MP2 led to more severe intestinal barrier dysfunction, as well as gut dysbiosis and metabolic disorder in association with neuroinflammation. These results are helpful in expanding our knowledge of the toxicity of MPs of different sizes in mammalian models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhang
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wenqing Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hiutung Chan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Peili Zhu
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Junkui Li
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zhang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zicong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yungkang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kaili Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oh J, Kwon TW, Choi JH, Kim Y, Moon SK, Nah SY, Cho IH. Ginsenoside-Re inhibits experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis as a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by downregulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155065. [PMID: 37856989 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginsenosides are main active compounds of Panax ginseng with pharmacological effects on immunological/neurological diseases. Recently, ginsenoside-Re (G-Re) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, whether G-Re has an effect on multiple sclerosis (MS), a representative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), has not been revealed yet. PURPOSE AND METHODS The purpose of this study was to investigate pharmacological effects of G-Re and related molecular mechanisms using a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide-immunized experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model of MS and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bEND.3 cells as an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). RESULTS G-Re attenuated motor impairment of EAE, demyelination, and inflammation in spinal cords of EAE mice. G-Re reduced infiltration/activation of microglia/macrophages and decreased mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), chemokines (MIP-1α, MCP-1, and RANTES), and enzymes (iNOS) in spinal cords of EAE mice. G-Re inhibited alterations of BBB constituents (such as astrocytes, cell adhesion molecule (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1), and tight junctional molecules (occludin and zonula occludens-1)) and toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways in spinal cords of EAE mice and LPS-stimulated bEND.3 cells. Interestingly, combination treatment with G-Re and TLR4 inhibitor (TAK242) significantly inhibited the upregulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated bEND.3 cells. TLR4 inhibitor- and activator-treated EAE mice showed conflicting behavior patterns. CONCLUSION G-Re might alleviate motor impairment of EAE and its pathological/inflammatory events in the spinal cord by preventing BBB disruption via downregulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings for the first time suggest that G-Re might be a potential therapeutic for MS through maintenance of BBB integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Oh
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Woo Kwon
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hee Choi
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunna Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Kwan Moon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kodosaki E, Daniels-Morgan A, Hassan N, Webb R, Morris K, Kelly CM. Development and characterisation of mgTHP-1, a novel in vitro model for neural macrophages with microglial characteristics. Neurol Res 2024; 46:1-13. [PMID: 37935114 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2257422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is primarily characterised by activation of the brain's resident macrophages - the microglia. However, other central nervous system (CNS) cells also contribute to this response, including the astrocytes and endothelial cells. In addition, there is infiltration into the CNS of peripherally derived immune cells. Together these cells mediate inflammation by the production of cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, and secondary messengers, and enacting of the appropriate response to those signals. However, deciphering the specific contributions of each cell type has been challenging. Studying CNS cell biology is often challenging, as the isolation of primary cells is not always feasible, and differentiation towards microglia-like cells is complex. Here, we demonstrate a novel method whereby THP-1 monocytic cells are differentiated into neural macrophage cells with microglia-like cell characteristics. The cells, designated mgTHP-1, show typical morphological and gene expression patterns of resident CNS macrophages and functionally respond to inflammatory stimuli by producing inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, with the addition of Vicenin-2 (an anti-inflammatory flavonoid) such responses can be reversed. This novel cell model will allow further investigations, and hence insights, into the neuroinflammatory mechanisms associated with CNS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Kodosaki
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Daniels-Morgan
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - N Hassan
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Webb
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - K Morris
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - C M Kelly
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shook LL, Batorsky RA, De Guzman RM, McCrea LT, Brigida SM, Horng JE, Sheridan SD, Kholod O, Cook AM, Li JZ, Goods BA, Perlis RH, Edlow AG. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 impacts fetal placental macrophage programs and placenta-derived microglial models of neurodevelopment. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.29.23300544. [PMID: 38234776 PMCID: PMC10793528 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.29.23300544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus activates maternal and placental immune responses, which in the setting of other infections occurring during pregnancy are known to impact fetal brain development. The effects of maternal immune activation on neurodevelopment are mediated at least in part by fetal brain microglia. However, microglia are inaccessible for direct analysis, and there are no validated non-invasive surrogate models to evaluate in utero microglial priming and function. We have previously demonstrated shared transcriptional programs between microglia and Hofbauer cells (HBCs, or fetal placental macrophages) in mouse models. Here, we assessed the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 on HBCs isolated from term placentas using single-cell RNA-sequencing. We demonstrated that HBC subpopulations exhibit distinct cellular programs, with specific subpopulations differentially impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Assessment of differentially expressed genes implied impaired phagocytosis, a key function of both HBCs and microglia, in some subclusters. Leveraging previously validated models of microglial synaptic pruning, we showed that HBCs isolated from placentas of SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnancies can be transdifferentiated into microglia-like cells, with altered morphology and impaired synaptic pruning behavior compared to HBC models from negative controls. These findings suggest that HBCs isolated at birth can be used to create personalized cellular models of offspring microglial programming.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bravo P, Liu Y, Draper BW, Marlow FL. Macrophage activation drives ovarian failure and masculinization in zebrafish. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg7488. [PMID: 37992158 PMCID: PMC10664988 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BMP15 is a conserved regulator of ovarian development and maintenance in vertebrates. In humans, premature ovarian insufficiency is caused by autoimmunity and genetic factors, including mutation of BMP15. The cellular mechanisms underlying ovarian failure caused by BMP15 mutation and immune contributions are not understood. Using zebrafish, we established a causal link between macrophage activation and ovarian failure, which, in zebrafish, causes sex reversal. We define a germline-soma signaling axis that activates macrophages and drives ovarian failure and female-to-male sex reversal. Germline loss of zebrafish Bmp15 impairs oogenesis and initiates this cascade. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic analyses implicate ovarian somatic cells that express conserved macrophage-activating ligands as mediators of ovarian failure and sex reversal. Genetic ablation of macrophages or elimination of Csf1Rb ligands, Il34 or Csf1a, delays or blocks premature oocyte loss and sex reversal. The axis identified here provides insight into the cells and pathways governing oocyte and ovary maintenance and potential therapeutic targets to preserve female fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Bravo
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yulong Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce W. Draper
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Florence L. Marlow
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Platholi J, Marongiu R, Park L, Yu F, Sommer G, Weinberger R, Tower W, Milner TA, Glass MJ. Hippocampal glial inflammatory markers are differentially altered in a novel mouse model of perimenopausal cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1280218. [PMID: 38035277 PMCID: PMC10684955 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1280218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is often characterized by age-dependent cerebrovascular pathology, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits with notable sex differences in risk, disease onset, progression and severity. Women bear a disproportionate burden of dementia, and the onset of menopause (i.e., perimenopause) may be a critical period conferring increased susceptibility. However, the contribution of early ovarian decline to the neuroinflammatory processes associated with cerebrovascular dementia risks, particularly at the initial stages of pathology that may be more amenable to proactive intervention, is unknown. To better understand the influence of early ovarian failure on dementia-associated neuroinflammation we developed a model of perimenopausal cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), an important contributor to dementia. For this, accelerated ovarian failure (AOF) was induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) treatment to isolate early-stage ovarian failure comparable to human perimenopause (termed "peri-AOF") in transgenic SWDI mice expressing human vasculotropic mutant amyloid beta (Aβ) precursor protein, that were also tested at an early stage of amyloidosis. We found that peri-AOF SWDI mice showed increased astrocyte activation accompanied by elevated Aβ in select regions of the hippocampus, a brain system involved in learning and memory that is severely impacted during dementia. However, although SWDI mice showed signs of increased hippocampal microglial activation and impaired cognitive function, this was not further affected by peri-AOF. In sum, these results suggest that elevated dysfunction of key elements of the neurovascular unit in select hippocampal regions characterizes the brain pathology of mice at early stages of both CAA and AOF. However, neurovascular unit pathology may not yet have passed a threshold that leads to further behavioral compromise at these early periods of cerebral amyloidosis and ovarian failure. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the hormonal dysregulation associated with perimenopause onset represents a stage of emerging vulnerability to dementia-associated neuropathology, thus providing a selective window of opportunity for therapeutic intervention prior to the development of advanced pathology that has proven difficult to repair or reverse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimcy Platholi
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Anesthesiology Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Roberta Marongiu
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Neurological Surgery Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Genetic Medicine Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Laibaik Park
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Garrett Sommer
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rena Weinberger
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - William Tower
- Neurological Surgery Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Teresa A. Milner
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael J. Glass
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang H, Sumbria RK, Chang R, Sun J, Cribbs DH, Holmes TC, Fisher MJ, Xu X. Erythrocyte-brain endothelial interactions induce microglial responses and cerebral microhemorrhages in vivo. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:265. [PMID: 37968737 PMCID: PMC10647121 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are associated with stroke, cognitive decline, and normal aging. Our previous study shows that the interaction between oxidatively stressed red blood cells (RBC) and cerebral endothelium may underlie CMH development. However, the real-time examination of altered RBC-brain endothelial interactions in vivo, and their relationship with clearance of stalled RBC, microglial responses, and CMH development, has not been reported. METHODS RBC were oxidatively stressed using tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP), fluorescently labeled and injected into adult Tie2-GFP mice. In vivo two-photon imaging and ex vivo confocal microscopy were used to evaluate the temporal profile of RBC-brain endothelial interactions associated with oxidatively stressed RBC. Their relationship with microglial activation and CMH was examined with post-mortem histology. RESULTS Oxidatively stressed RBC stall significantly and rapidly in cerebral vessels in mice, accompanied by decreased blood flow velocity which recovers at 5 days. Post-mortem histology confirms significantly greater RBC-cerebral endothelial interactions and microglial activation at 24 h after t-BHP-treated RBC injection, which persist at 7 days. Furthermore, significant CMH develop in the absence of blood-brain barrier leakage after t-BHP-RBC injection. CONCLUSIONS Our in vivo and ex vivo findings show the stalling and clearance of oxidatively stressed RBC in cerebral capillaries, highlighting the significance of microglial responses and altered RBC-brain endothelial interactions in CMH development. Our study provides novel mechanistic insight into CMH associated with pathological conditions with increased RBC-brain endothelial interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rachita K Sumbria
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Rudy Chang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Jiahong Sun
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mark J Fisher
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gheorghe RO, Grosu AV, Magercu M, Ghenghea MS, Zbarcea CE, Tanase A, Negres S, Filippi A, Chiritoiu G, Gherghiceanu M, Dinescu S, Gaina G, Sapunar D, Ristoiu V. Switching Rat Resident Macrophages from M1 to M2 Phenotype by Iba1 Silencing Has Analgesic Effects in SNL-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15831. [PMID: 37958812 PMCID: PMC10648812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Resident macrophages from dorsal root ganglia are important for the development of traumatic-induced neuropathic pain. In the first 5-7 days after a traumatic sciatic nerve injury (i.e., spinal nerve ligation (SNL), spared nerve injury (SNI), sciatic nerve transection or sciatic nerve ligation and transection), Ionized binding adapter protein 1 (Iba1) (+) resident macrophages cluster around dorsal root ganglia neurons, possibly contributing to nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity. Since infiltrating macrophages gradually recruited to the lesion site peak at about 7 days, the first few days post-lesion offer a window of opportunity when the contribution of Iba1 (+) resident macrophages to neuropathic pain pathogenesis could be investigated. Iba1 is an actin cross-linking cytoskeleton protein, specifically located only in macrophages and microglia. In this study, we explored the contribution of rat Iba1 (+) macrophages in SNL-induced neuropathic pain by using intra-ganglionic injections of naked Iba1-siRNA, delivered at the time the lesion occurred. The results show that 5 days after Iba1 silencing, Iba1 (+) resident macrophages are switched from an M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype to an M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype, which was confirmed by a significant decrease of M1 markers (CD32 and CD86), a significant increase of M2 markers (CD163 and Arginase-1), a reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β) and an increased release of pro-regenerative factors (BDNF, NGF and NT-3) which initiated the regrowth of adult DRG neurites and reduced SNL-induced neuropathic pain. Our data show for the first time, that it is possible to induce macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype by interacting with their cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Olimpia Gheorghe
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-O.G.)
| | - Andreea Violeta Grosu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-O.G.)
| | - Melania Magercu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-O.G.)
| | - Mihail-Sebastian Ghenghea
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-O.G.)
| | - Cristina Elena Zbarcea
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 6 Traian Vuia Street, District 2, 02095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Tanase
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 6 Traian Vuia Street, District 2, 02095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Negres
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 6 Traian Vuia Street, District 2, 02095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Filippi
- Department of Biophysics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 8 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Chiritoiu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Romanian Academy, 2996 Splaiul Independentei 296, District 6, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gherghiceanu
- Ultrastructural Pathology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Victor Babeș National Institute of Pathology Bucharest, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gisela Gaina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Damir Sapunar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Violeta Ristoiu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-O.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu C, Cardenas-Rivera A, Teitelbaum S, Birmingham A, Alfadhel M, Yaseen MA. Neuroinflammation increases oxygen extraction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562353. [PMID: 37905082 PMCID: PMC10614808 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, impaired metabolism, and hypoperfusion are fundamental pathological hallmarks of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous studies have asserted a close association between neuroinflammation and disrupted cerebral energetics. During AD progression and other neurodegenerative disorders, a persistent state of chronic neuroinflammation reportedly exacerbates cytotoxicity and potentiates neuronal death. Here, we assessed the impact of a neuroinflammatory challenge on metabolic demand and microvascular hemodynamics in the somatosensory cortex of an AD mouse model. We utilized in vivo 2-photon microscopy and the phosphorescent oxygen sensor Oxyphor 2P to measure partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and capillary red blood cell flux in cortical microvessels of awake mice. Intravascular pO2 and capillary RBC flux measurements were performed in 8-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice and wildtype littermates on days 0, 7, and 14 of a 14-day period of lipopolysaccaride-induced neuroinflammation. Before the induced inflammatory challenge, AD mice demonstrated reduced metabolic demand but similar capillary red blood cell flux as their wild type counterparts. Neuroinflammation provoked significant reductions in cerebral intravascular oxygen levels and elevated oxygen extraction in both animal groups, without significantly altering red blood cell flux in capillaries. This study provides evidence that neuroinflammation alters cerebral oxygen demand at the early stages of AD without substantially altering vascular oxygen supply. The results will guide our understanding of neuroinflammation's influence on neuroimaging biomarkers for early AD diagnosis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Loeb AM, Pattwell SS, Meshinchi S, Bedalov A, Loeb KR. Donor bone marrow-derived macrophage engraftment into the central nervous system of patients following allogeneic transplantation. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5851-5859. [PMID: 37315172 PMCID: PMC10558597 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a well-known treatment for hematologic malignancies, wherein nascent stem cells provide regenerating marrow and immunotherapy against the tumor. The progeny of hematopoietic stem cells also populate a wide spectrum of tissues, including the brain, as bone marrow-derived macrophages similar to microglial cells. We developed a sensitive and novel combined immunohistochemistry (IHC) and XY fluorescence in situ hybridization assay to detect, quantify, and characterize donor cells in the cerebral cortices of 19 female patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We showed that the number of male donor cells ranged from 0.14% to 3.0% of the total cells or from 1.2% to 25% of microglial cells. Using tyramide-based fluorescent IHC, we found that at least 80% of the donor cells expressed the microglial marker ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1, consistent with bone marrow-derived macrophages. The percentage of donor cells was related to pretransplantation conditioning; donor cells from radiation-based myeloablative cases averaged 8.1% of microglial cells, whereas those from nonmyeloablative cases averaged only 1.3%. The number of donor cells in patients conditioned with busulfan- or treosulfan-based myeloablation was similar to that in total body irradiation-based conditioning; donor cells averaged 6.8% of the microglial cells. Notably, patients who received multiple transplantations and those with the longest posttransplantation survival had the highest level of donor engraftment, with donor cells averaging 16.3% of the microglial cells. Our work represents the largest study characterizing bone marrow-derived macrophages in patients after transplantation. The efficiency of engraftment observed in our study warrants future research on microglial replacement as a therapeutic option for disorders of the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Siobhan S. Pattwell
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Antonio Bedalov
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Keith R. Loeb
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gurule NJ, Malcolm KC, Harris C, Knapp JR, O'Connor BP, McClendon J, Janssen WJ, Lee FFY, Price C, Osaghae-Nosa J, Wheeler EA, McMahon CM, Pietras EM, Pollyea DA, Alper S. Myelodysplastic neoplasm-associated U2AF1 mutations induce host defense defects by compromising neutrophil chemotaxis. Leukemia 2023; 37:2115-2124. [PMID: 37591942 PMCID: PMC10539173 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder that may evolve into acute myeloid leukemia. Fatal infection is among the most common cause of death in MDS patients, likely due to myeloid cell cytopenia and dysfunction in these patients. Mutations in genes that encode components of the spliceosome represent the most common class of somatically acquired mutations in MDS patients. To determine the molecular underpinnings of the host defense defects in MDS patients, we investigated the MDS-associated spliceosome mutation U2AF1-S34F using a transgenic mouse model that expresses this mutant gene. We found that U2AF1-S34F causes a profound host defense defect in these mice, likely by inducing a significant neutrophil chemotaxis defect. Studies in human neutrophils suggest that this effect of U2AF1-S34F likely extends to MDS patients as well. RNA-seq analysis suggests that the expression of multiple genes that mediate cell migration are affected by this spliceosome mutation and therefore are likely drivers of this neutrophil dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia J Gurule
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz, CO, USA
| | | | - Chelsea Harris
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer R Knapp
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Brian P O'Connor
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz, CO, USA
| | | | - William J Janssen
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Fang Yao Lee
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz, CO, USA
| | - Caitlin Price
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jackson Osaghae-Nosa
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Emily A Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Eric M Pietras
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Scott Alper
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Larochelle J, Tishko RJ, Yang C, Ge Y, Phan LT, Gunraj RE, Stansbury SM, Liu L, Mohamadzadeh M, Khoshbouei H, Candelario-Jalil E. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) profoundly contributes to post-stroke neuroinflammation and behavioral deficits with microglia as unique perpetrators. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:221. [PMID: 37777791 PMCID: PMC10543871 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase whose activity propagates inflammatory signaling through its association with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and subsequent TAK1, NF-κB, and MAPK pathway activation. After stroke, dead and dying cells release a host of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate PRRs and initiate a robust inflammatory response. We hypothesize that RIPK2 plays a damaging role in the progression of stroke injury by enhancing the neuroinflammatory response to stroke and that global genetic deletion or microglia-specific conditional deletion of Ripk2 will be protective following ischemic stroke. METHODS Adult (3-6 months) male mice were subjected to 45 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) followed by 24 h, 48 h, or 28 days of reperfusion. Aged male and female mice (18-24 months) were subjected to permanent ischemic stroke and sacrificed 48 h later. Infarct volumes were calculated using TTC staining (24-48 h) or Cresyl violet staining (28d). Sensorimotor tests (weight grip, vertical grid, and open field) were performed at indicated timepoints. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, tight junction proteins, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed via immunoblotting, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and RT-qPCR. Differential gene expression profiles were generated through bulk RNA sequencing and nanoString®. RESULTS Global genetic deletion of Ripk2 resulted in decreased infarct sizes and reduced neuroinflammatory markers 24 h after stroke compared to wild-type controls. Ripk2 global deletion also improved both acute and long-term behavioral outcomes with powerful effects on reducing infarct volume and mortality at 28d post-stroke. Conditional deletion of microglial Ripk2 (mKO) partially recapitulated our results in global Ripk2 deficient mice, showing reductive effects on infarct volume and improved behavioral outcomes within 48 h of injury. Finally, bulk transcriptomic profiling and nanoString data demonstrated that Ripk2 deficiency in microglia decreases genes associated with MAPK and NF-κB signaling, dampening the neuroinflammatory response after stroke injury by reducing immune cell activation and peripheral immune cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal a hitherto unknown role for RIPK2 in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke injury, with microglia playing a distinct role. This study identifies RIPK2 as a potent propagator of neuroinflammatory signaling, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for post-stroke intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Larochelle
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ryland J Tishko
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Changjun Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yong Ge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Leah T Phan
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Rachel E Gunraj
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sofia M Stansbury
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 SW Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oliva CA, Lira M, Jara C, Catenaccio A, Mariqueo TA, Lindsay CB, Bozinovic F, Cavieres G, Inestrosa NC, Tapia-Rojas C, Rivera DS. Long-term social isolation stress exacerbates sex-specific neurodegeneration markers in a natural model of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1250342. [PMID: 37810621 PMCID: PMC10557460 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1250342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Social interactions have a significant impact on health in humans and animal models. Social isolation initiates a cascade of stress-related physiological disorders and stands as a significant risk factor for a wide spectrum of morbidity and mortality. Indeed, social isolation stress (SIS) is indicative of cognitive decline and risk to neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic, long-term SIS on the propensity to develop hallmarks of AD in young degus (Octodon degus), a long-lived animal model that mimics sporadic AD naturally. We examined inflammatory factors, bioenergetic status, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, antioxidants, abnormal proteins, tau protein, and amyloid-β (Aβ) levels in the hippocampus of female and male degus that were socially isolated from post-natal and post-weaning until adulthood. Additionally, we explored the effect of re-socialization following chronic isolation on these protein profiles. Our results showed that SIS promotes a pro-inflammatory scenario more severe in males, a response that was partially mitigated by a period of re-socialization. In addition, ATP levels, ROS, and markers of oxidative stress are severely affected in female degus, where a period of re-socialization fails to restore them as it does in males. In females, these effects might be linked to antioxidant enzymes like catalase, which experience a decline across all SIS treatments without recovery during re-socialization. Although in males, a previous enzyme in antioxidant pathway diminishes in all treatments, catalase rebounds during re-socialization. Notably, males have less mature neurons after chronic isolation, whereas phosphorylated tau and all detectable forms of Aβ increased in both sexes, persisting even post re-socialization. Collectively, these findings suggest that long-term SIS may render males more susceptible to inflammatory states, while females are predisposed to oxidative states. In both scenarios, the accumulation of tau and Aβ proteins increase the individual susceptibility to early-onset neurodegenerative conditions such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A. Oliva
- Centro para la Transversalización de Género en I+D+i+e, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Doctorados, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Lira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Jara
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Catenaccio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Trinidad A. Mariqueo
- Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Carolina B. Lindsay
- Laboratory of Neurosystems, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Grisel Cavieres
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Cheril Tapia-Rojas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela S. Rivera
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Gao T, Wang B. Application of mesenchymal stem cells for anti-senescence and clinical challenges. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:260. [PMID: 37726805 PMCID: PMC10510299 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a hot topic nowadays, which shows the accumulation of senescent cells and inflammatory factors, leading to the occurrence of various senescence-related diseases. Although some methods have been identified to partly delay senescence, such as strengthening exercise, restricting diet, and some drugs, these only slow down the process of senescence and cannot fundamentally delay or even reverse senescence. Stem cell-based therapy is expected to be a potential effective way to alleviate or cure senescence-related disorders in the coming future. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the most widely used cell type in treating various diseases due to their potentials of self-replication and multidirectional differentiation, paracrine action, and immunoregulatory effects. Some biological characteristics of MSCs can be well targeted at the pathological features of aging. Therefore, MSC-based therapy is also a promising strategy to combat senescence-related diseases. Here we review the recent progresses of MSC-based therapies in the research of age-related diseases and the challenges in clinical application, proving further insight and reference for broad application prospects of MSCs in effectively combating senesce in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyun Gao
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Brandt A, Kromm F, Hernández-Arriaga A, Martínez Sánchez I, Bozkir HÖ, Staltner R, Baumann A, Camarinha-Silva A, Heijtz RD, Bergheim I. Cognitive Alterations in Old Mice Are Associated with Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Induced Toll-like Receptor 2 and 4 Signaling in Different Brain Regions. Cells 2023; 12:2153. [PMID: 37681885 PMCID: PMC10486476 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicate the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' in cognitive aging and neuroinflammation; however, underlying mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Here, we assessed if potential alterations in intestinal barrier function and microbiota composition as well as levels of two key pattern-recognition receptors namely Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4, in blood and different brain regions, and depending signaling cascades are paralleling aging associated alterations of cognition in healthy aging mice. Cognitive function was assessed in the Y-maze and intestinal and brain tissue and blood were collected in young (4 months old) and old (24 months old) male C57BL/6 mice to determine intestinal microbiota composition by Illumina amplicon sequencing, the concentration of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands in plasma and brain tissue as well as to determine markers of intestinal barrier function, senescence and TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. Cognitive function was significantly impaired in old mice. Also, in old mice, intestinal microbiota composition was significantly altered, while the relative abundance of Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria in the small and large intestines at different ages was not altered. Moreover, intestinal barrier function was impaired in small intestine of old mice, and the levels of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands were also significantly higher in both portal and peripheral blood. Furthermore, levels of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands, and downstream markers of TLR signaling were higher in the hippocampal and prefrontal cortex of old mice compared to young animals. Taken together, our results suggest that even in 'healthy' aging, cognitive function is impaired in mice going along with an increased intestinal translocation of TLR ligands and alterations of TLR signaling in several brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Brandt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Kromm
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angélica Hernández-Arriaga
- Animal Nutrition Department, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Inés Martínez Sánchez
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haktan Övül Bozkir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Amélia Camarinha-Silva
- Animal Nutrition Department, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rochellys Diaz Heijtz
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
McGregor R, Matzeu A, Thannickal TC, Wu F, Cornford M, Martin-Fardon R, Siegel JM. Sensitivity of Hypocretin System to Chronic Alcohol Exposure: A Human and Animal Study. Neuroscience 2023; 522:1-10. [PMID: 37121379 PMCID: PMC10681027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Human heroin addicts and mice administered morphine for a 2 week period show a greatly increased number of hypothalamic hypocretin (Hcrt or orexin) producing neurons with a concomitant reduction in Hcrt cell size. Male rats addicted to cocaine similarly show an increased number of detectable Hcrt neurons. These findings led us to hypothesize that humans with alcohol use disorder (AUD) would show similar changes. We now report that humans with AUD have a decreased number and size of detectable Hcrt neurons. In addition, the intermingled melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons are reduced in size. We saw no change in the size and number of tuberomammillary histamine neurons in AUD. Within the Hcrt/MCH neuronal field we found that microglia cell size was increased in AUD brains. In contrast, male rats with 2 week alcohol exposure, sufficient to elicit withdrawal symptoms, show no change in the number or size of Hcrt, MCH and histamine neurons, and no change in the size of microglia. The present study indicates major differences between the response of Hcrt neurons to opioids and that to alcohol in human subjects with a history of substance abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald McGregor
- Neuropsychiatric Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA; Neurobiology Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angele, California 91343, USA.
| | - Alessandra Matzeu
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SR-107, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas C Thannickal
- Neuropsychiatric Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA; Neurobiology Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angele, California 91343, USA
| | - Frank Wu
- Neuropsychiatric Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA; Neurobiology Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angele, California 91343, USA
| | - Marcia Cornford
- Department of Pathology, Harbor University of California, Los Angeles, Medical, Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA
| | - Rémi Martin-Fardon
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SR-107, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jerome M Siegel
- Neuropsychiatric Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA; Neurobiology Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angele, California 91343, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang S, Zeng F, Ma Y, Yu J, Xiang C, Feng X, Wang S, Wang J, Zhao S, Zhu X. Strontium Attenuates Hippocampal Damage via Suppressing Neuroinflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10248. [PMID: 37373395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leads to hippocampal damage and causes a variety of physiopathological responses, including the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), neuroinflammation, and alterations in synaptic plasticity. As an important trace element, strontium (Sr) has been reported to have antioxidant effects, to have anti-inflammatory effects, and to cause the inhibition of adipogenesis. The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of Sr on hippocampal damage in NAFLD mice in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of Sr in NAFLD. The mouse model of NAFLD was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet (HFD), and the mice were treated with Sr. In the NAFLD mice, we found that treatment with Sr significantly increased the density of c-Fos+ cells in the hippocampus and inhibited the expression of caspase-3 by suppressing ERS. Surprisingly, the induction of neuroinflammation and the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus following an HFD were attenuated by Sr treatment. Sr significantly attenuated the activation of microglia and astrocytes induced by an HFD. The expression of phospho-p38, ERK, and NF-κB was consistently significantly increased in the HFD group, and treatment with Sr decreased their expression. Moreover, Sr prevented HFD-induced damage to the ultra-structural synaptic architecture. This study implies that Sr has beneficial effects on repairing the damage to the hippocampus induced by an HFD, revealing that Sr could be a potential candidate for protection from neural damage caused by NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fangyuan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chenyao Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang L, Yuan PQ, Taché Y. Vasculature in the mouse colon and spatial relationships with the enteric nervous system, glia, and immune cells. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1130169. [PMID: 37332321 PMCID: PMC10272736 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1130169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution, morphology, and innervation of vasculature in different mouse colonic segments and layers, as well as spatial relationships of the vasculature with the enteric plexuses, glia, and macrophages are far from being complete. The vessels in the adult mouse colon were stained by the cardiovascular perfusion of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-Alexa Fluor 448 and by CD31 immunoreactivity. Nerve fibers, enteric glia, and macrophages were immunostained in the WGA-perfused colon. The blood vessels entered from the mesentery to the submucosa and branched into the capillary networks in the mucosa and muscularis externa. The capillary net formed anastomosed rings at the orifices of mucosa crypts, and the capillary rings surrounded the crypts individually in the proximal colon and more than two crypts in the distal colon. Microvessels in the muscularis externa with myenteric plexus were less dense than in the mucosa and formed loops. In the circular smooth muscle layer, microvessels were distributed in the proximal, but not the distal colon. Capillaries did not enter the enteric ganglia. There were no significant differences in microvascular volume per tissue volume between the proximal and distal colon either in the mucosa or muscularis externa containing the myenteric plexus. PGP9.5-, tyrosine hydroxylase-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers were distributed along the vessels in the submucosa. In the mucosa, PGP9.5-, CGRP-, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerves terminated close to the capillary rings, while cells and processes labeled by S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein were distributed mainly in the lamina propria and lower portion of the mucosa. Dense Iba1 immunoreactive macrophages were closely adjacent to the mucosal capillary rings. There were a few macrophages, but no glia in apposition to microvessels in the submucosa and muscularis externa. In conclusion, in the mouse colon, (1) the differences in vasculature between the proximal and distal colon were associated with the morphology, but not the microvascular amount per tissue volume in the mucosa and muscle layers; (2) the colonic mucosa contained significantly more microvessels than the muscularis externa; and (3) there were more CGRP and VIP nerve fibers found close to microvessels in the mucosa and submucosa than in the muscle layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pu-Qing Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yvette Taché
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Franklin ME, Bennett C, Arboite M, Alvarez-Ciara A, Corrales N, Verdelus J, Dietrich WD, Keane RW, de Rivero Vaccari JP, Prasad A. Activation of inflammasomes and their effects on neuroinflammation at the microelectrode-tissue interface in intracortical implants. Biomaterials 2023; 297:122102. [PMID: 37015177 PMCID: PMC10614166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Invasive neuroprosthetics rely on microelectrodes (MEs) to record or stimulate the activity of large neuron assemblies. However, MEs are subjected to tissue reactivity in the central nervous system (CNS) due to the foreign body response (FBR) that contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and ultimately result in ME failure. An endogenous, acute set of mechanisms responsible for the recognition and targeting of foreign objects, called the innate immune response, immediately follows the ME implant-induced trauma. Inflammasomes are multiprotein structures that play a critical role in the initiation of an innate immune response following CNS injuries. The activation of inflammasomes facilitates a range of innate immune response cascades and results in neuroinflammation and programmed cell death. Despite our current understanding of inflammasomes, their roles in the context of neural device implantation remain unknown. In this study, we implanted a non-functional Utah electrode array (UEA) into the rat somatosensory cortex and studied the inflammasome signaling and the corresponding downstream effects on inflammatory cytokine expression and the inflammasome-mediated cell death mechanism of pyroptosis. Our results not only demonstrate the continuous activation of inflammasomes and their contribution to neuroinflammation at the electrode-tissue interface but also reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting inflammasomes to attenuate the FBR in invasive neuroprosthetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Franklin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cassie Bennett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maelle Arboite
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Natalie Corrales
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer Verdelus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Robert W Keane
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Abhishek Prasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Babkina AS, Yadgarov MY, Lyubomudrov MA, Ostrova IV, Volkov AV, Kuzovlev AN, Grechko AV, Golubev AM. Morphologic Findings in the Cerebral Cortex in COVID-19: Association of Microglial Changes with Clinical and Demographic Variables. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051407. [PMID: 37239078 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the enormous interest in COVID-19, there is no clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying the neurological symptoms in COVID-19. Microglia have been hypothesized to be a potential mediator of the neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19. In most existing studies to date, morphological changes in internal organs, including the brain, are considered in isolation from clinical data and defined as a consequence of COVID-19. We performed histological immunohistochemical (IHC) studies of brain autopsy materials of 18 patients who had died from COVID-19. We evaluated the relationship of microglial changes with the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients. The results revealed neuronal alterations and circulatory disturbances. We found an inverse correlation between the integral density Iba-1 (microglia/macrophage-specific marker) IHC staining and the duration of the disease (R = -0.81, p = 0.001), which may indicate a reduced activity of microglia and do not exclude their damage in the long-term course of COVID-19. The integral density of Iba-1 IHC staining was not associated with other clinical and demographic factors. We observed a significantly higher number of microglial cells in close contact with neurons in female patients, which confirms gender differences in the course of the disease, indicating the need to study the disease from the standpoint of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya S Babkina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ya Yadgarov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Maxim A Lyubomudrov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Irina V Ostrova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Alexey V Volkov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Artem N Kuzovlev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Arkady M Golubev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
De Leon-Oliva D, Garcia-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Boaru DL, García-Puente L, Rios-Parra A, Garrido-Gil MJ, Casanova-Martín C, García-Honduvilla N, Bujan J, Guijarro LG, Alvarez-Mon M, Ortega MA. AIF1: Function and Connection with Inflammatory Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050694. [PMID: 37237507 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are a type of immune cell distributed throughout all tissues of an organism. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) is a calcium-binding protein linked to the activation of macrophages. AIF1 is a key intracellular signaling molecule that participates in phagocytosis, membrane ruffling and F-actin polymerization. Moreover, it has several cell type-specific functions. AIF1 plays important roles in the development of several diseases: kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases and neurological disorders, and in transplants. In this review, we present a comprehensive review of the known structure, functions and role of AIF1 in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-Puente
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rios-Parra
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Maria J Garrido-Gil
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Casanova-Martín
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Al-hakeim HK, Al-raheem Twaij BA, Al-naqeeb TH, Moustafa SR, Maes M. Neuronal damage and inflammatory biomarkers are associated with the affective and chronic fatigue-like symptoms due to end-stage renal disease.. [DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.23289492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundMany biochemical, immunological, and neuropsychiatric changes are associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Neuronal damage biomarkers such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (IBA1), and myelin basic protein (MBP) are among the less-studied biomarkers of ESRD.AimWe examined the associations between these neuro-axis biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers, e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL-6), IL-10, and zinc, copper, and neuropsychiatric symptoms due to ERSD.MethodsELISA techniques were used to measure serum levels of neuronal damage biomarkers in 70 ESRD patients, and 46 healthy controls.ResultsESRD patients have higher scores of depression, anxiety, fatigue, and physiosomatic symptoms than healthy controls. Aberrations in kidney function tests and the number of dialysis interventions are associated with the severity of depression, anxiety, fibro-fatigue and physiosomatic symptoms, peripheral inflammation, nestin, and NFL. Serum levels of neuronal damage biomarkers (NFL, MBP, and nestin), CRP, and interleukin (IL)-10 are elevated, and serum zinc is decreased in ESRD patients as compared with controls. The neuronal damage biomarkers NFL, nestin, S100B and MBP are associated with the severity of one or more neuropsychiatric symptom domains. Around 50% of the variance in the neuropsychiatric symptoms is explained by NFL, nestin, S00B, copper, and an inflammatory index.ConclusionsThe severity of renal dysfunction and/or the number of dialysis interventions may induce peripheral inflammation and, consequently, neurotoxicity to intermediate filament proteins, astrocytes, and the blood-brain barrier, leading to the neuropsychiatric symptoms of ESRD.
Collapse
|
34
|
Peshoff MM, Gupta P, Trivedi R, Oberai S, Chakrapani P, Dang M, Milam N, Maynard ME, Vaillant BD, Huse JT, Wang L, Clise-Dwyer K, Bhat KP. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) regulates phagocytosis in glioblastoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.05.535792. [PMID: 37066184 PMCID: PMC10104029 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.535792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are tumors of the central nervous system that remain recalcitrant to both standard of care chemo-radiation and immunotherapies. Emerging approaches to treat GBMs include depletion or re-education of innate immune cells including microglia (MG) and macrophages (MACs). Here we show myeloid cell restricted expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) across low- and high-grade human gliomas. TREM2 expression did not correlate with immunosuppressive pathways, but rather showed strong positive association with phagocytosis markers such as lysozyme (LYZ) and CD163 in gliomas. In line with these observations in patient tumors, Trem2-/- mice did not exhibit improved survival compared to wildtype (WT) mice when implanted with mouse glioma cell lines, unlike observations previously seen in peripheral tumor models. Gene expression profiling revealed pathways related to inflammation, adaptive immunity, and autophagy that were significantly downregulated in tumors from Trem2-/- mice compared to WT tumors. Using ZsGreen-expressing CT-2A orthotopic implants, we found higher tumor antigen engulfment in Trem2+ MACs, MG, and dendritic cells. Our data uncover TREM2 as an important immunomodulator in gliomas and inducing TREM2 mediated phagocytosis can be a potential immunotherapeutic strategy for brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mekenzie M. Peshoff
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Pravesh Gupta
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rakesh Trivedi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shivangi Oberai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Prashanth Chakrapani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Minghao Dang
- Department of Genomic Medicine at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nancy Milam
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mark E. Maynard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jason T. Huse
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Linghua Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Krishna P. Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ribeiro RT, Carvalho AVS, Palavro R, Durán-Carabali LE, Zemniaçak ÂB, Amaral AU, Netto CA, Wajner M. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Administration to Neonatal Rats Elicits Marked Neurochemical Alterations and Long-Term Neurobehavioral Disabilities Mediated by Oxidative Stress. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:119-140. [PMID: 36580261 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria (L-2-HGA) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder caused by deficient activity of L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (L-2-HG) accumulation in the brain and biological fluids is the biochemical hallmark of this disease. Patients present exclusively neurological symptoms and brain abnormalities, particularly in the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Since the pathogenesis of this disorder is still poorly established, we investigated the short-lived effects of an intracerebroventricular injection of L-2-HG to neonatal rats on redox homeostasis in the cerebellum, which is mostly affected in this disorder. We also determined immunohistochemical landmarks of neuronal viability (NeuN), astrogliosis (S100B and GFAP), microglia activation (Iba1), and myelination (MBP and CNPase) in the cerebral cortex and striatum following L-2-HG administration. Finally, the neuromotor development and cognitive abilities were examined. L-2-HG elicited oxidative stress in the cerebellum 6 h after its injection, which was verified by increased reactive oxygen species production, lipid oxidative damage, and altered antioxidant defenses (decreased concentrations of reduced glutathione and increased glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities). L-2-HG also decreased the content of NeuN, MBP, and CNPase, and increased S100B, GFAP, and Iba1 in the cerebral cortex and striatum at postnatal days 15 and 75, implying long-standing neuronal loss, demyelination, astrocyte reactivity, and increased inflammatory response, respectively. Finally, L-2-HG administration caused a delay in neuromotor development and a deficit of cognition in adult animals. Importantly, the antioxidant melatonin prevented L-2-HG-induced deleterious neurochemical, immunohistochemical, and behavioral effects, indicating that oxidative stress may be central to the pathogenesis of brain damage in L-2-HGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrey Vinícios Soares Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Palavro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 260090035-003, Brazil
| | - Luz Elena Durán-Carabali
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 260090035-003, Brazil
| | - Ângela Beatris Zemniaçak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada Do Alto Uruguai E das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, Erechim, RS, 162199709-910, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Netto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 260090035-003, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 260090035-003, Brazil.
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 235090035-007, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee H, Ciabatti E, González-Rueda A, Williams E, Nugent F, Mookerjee S, Morgese F, Tripodi M. Combining long-term circuit mapping and network transcriptomics with SiR-N2c. Nat Methods 2023; 20:580-589. [PMID: 36864202 PMCID: PMC7614628 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
An exciting frontier in circuit neuroscience lies at the intersection between neural network mapping and single-cell genomics. Monosynaptic rabies viruses provide a promising platform for the merger of circuit mapping methods with -omics approaches. However, three key limitations have hindered the extraction of physiologically meaningful gene expression profiles from rabies-mapped circuits: inherent viral cytotoxicity, high viral immunogenicity and virus-induced alteration of cellular transcriptional regulation. These factors alter the transcriptional and translational profiles of infected neurons and their neighboring cells. To overcome these limitations we applied a self-inactivating genomic modification to the less immunogenic rabies strain, CVS-N2c, to generate a self-inactivating CVS-N2c rabies virus (SiR-N2c). SiR-N2c not only eliminates undesired cytotoxic effects but also substantially reduces gene expression alterations in infected neurons and dampens the recruitment of innate and acquired immune responses, thus enabling open-ended interventions on neural networks and their genetic characterization using single-cell genomic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassal Lee
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto Ciabatti
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Elena Williams
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona Nugent
- IMAXT Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Fabio Morgese
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vilca SJ, Margetts AV, Pollock TA, Tuesta LM. Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of microglia in substance use disorders. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 125:103838. [PMID: 36893849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are widely known for their role in immune surveillance and for their ability to refine neurocircuitry during development, but a growing body of evidence suggests that microglia may also play a complementary role to neurons in regulating the behavioral aspects of substance use disorders. While many of these efforts have focused on changes in microglial gene expression associated with drug-taking, epigenetic regulation of these changes has yet to be fully understood. This review provides recent evidence supporting the role of microglia in various aspects of substance use disorder, with particular focus on changes to the microglial transcriptome and the potential epigenetic mechanisms driving these changes. Further, this review discusses the latest technical advances in low-input chromatin profiling and highlights the current challenges for studying these novel molecular mechanisms in microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samara J Vilca
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Alexander V Margetts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Tate A Pollock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Luis M Tuesta
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Morrison VE, Houpert MG, Trapani JB, Brockman AA, Kingsley PJ, Katdare KA, Layden HM, Nguena-Jones G, Trevisan AJ, Maguire-Zeiss KA, Marnett LJ, Bix GJ, Ihrie RA, Carter BD. Jedi-1/MEGF12-mediated phagocytosis controls the pro-neurogenic properties of microglia in the ventricular-subventricular zone. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.03.531012. [PMID: 36945622 PMCID: PMC10028845 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.03.531012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the primary phagocytes in the central nervous system and are responsible for clearing dead cells generated during development or disease. The phagocytic process shapes the phenotype of the microglia, which affects the local environment. A unique population of microglia reside in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of neonatal mice, but how they influence this neurogenic niche is not well-understood. Here, we demonstrate that phagocytosis creates a pro-neurogenic microglial phenotype in the V-SVZ and that these microglia phagocytose apoptotic cells via the engulfment receptor Jedi-1. Deletion of Jedi-1 decreases apoptotic cell clearance, triggering the development of a neuroinflammatory phenotype, reminiscent of neurodegenerative and-age-associated microglia, that reduces neural precursor proliferation via elevated interleukin (IL)-1β signaling; inhibition of IL-1 receptor rescues precursor proliferation in vivo. Together, these results reveal a critical role for Jedi-1 in connecting microglial phagocytic activity to a phenotype that promotes neurogenesis in the developing V-SVZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivianne E Morrison
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
- Tulane University Center for Clinical Neuroscience Research
| | - Matthew G Houpert
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| | - Jonathan B Trapani
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| | - Asa A Brockman
- Vanderbilt University Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandra J Trevisan
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | | | - Lawrence J Marnett
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- Vanderbilt University Department of Chemistry
- Vanderbilt University Department of Pharmacology
- A.B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research
| | - Gregory J Bix
- Tulane University Center for Clinical Neuroscience Research
| | - Rebecca A Ihrie
- Vanderbilt University Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| | - Bruce D Carter
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biochemistry
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Melatonin Activates Anti-Inflammatory Features in Microglia in a Multicellular Context: Evidence from Organotypic Brain Slices and HMC3 Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020373. [PMID: 36830742 PMCID: PMC9952958 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL) is a neurohormone endowed with neuroprotective activity, exerted both directly on neuronal cells and indirectly through modulation of responsive glial cells. In particular, MEL's effects on microglia are receptor-mediated and in part dependent on SIRT1 activation. In the present study, we exploited the highly preserved cytoarchitecture of organotypic brain cultures (OC) to explore the effects of MEL on hippocampal microglia in a 3D context as compared to a single cell type context represented by the human HMC3 cell line. We first evaluated the expression of MEL receptor MT1 and SIRT1 and then investigated MEL action against an inflammatory stimulation with LPS: OCs were cultured for a total of 2 weeks and during this time exposed to 0.1 μg/mL of LPS for 24 h either on day 1 (LPS 1°) or on day 11 (LPS 11°). MEL was added immediately after plating and kept for the entire experiment. Under these conditions, both MEL and LPS induced amoeboid microglia. However, the same round phenotype matched different polarization features. LPS increased the number of nuclear-NF-kB+ round cells and MEL alone or in combination with LPS increased BDNF+ round microglia. In addition, MEL contrasted LPS effects on NF-kB expression. Data from HMC3 microglia confirmed MEL's anti-inflammatory effects against LPS in terms of CASP1 induction and BDNF release, identifying SIRT1 as a mediator. However, no effects were evident for MEL alone on HMC3 microglia. Overall, our results point to the importance of the multicellular context for full MEL activity, especially in a preventive view, and support the use of OCs as a favorable model to explore inflammatory responses.
Collapse
|
40
|
Al-Hajj S, Lemoine R, Chadet S, Goumard A, Legay L, Roxburgh E, Heraud A, Deluce N, Lamendour L, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Gatault P, Büchler M, Roger S, Halimi JM, Baron C. High extracellular sodium chloride concentrations induce resistance to LPS signal in human dendritic cells. Cell Immunol 2023; 384:104658. [PMID: 36566700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence showed that in response to elevated sodium dietary intakes, many body tissues retain Na+ ions for long periods of time and can reach concentrations up to 200 mM. This could modulate the immune system and be responsible for several diseases. However, studies brought contrasted results and the effects of external sodium on human dendritic cell (DC) responses to danger signals remain largely unknown. Considering their central role in triggering T cell response, we tested how NaCl-enriched medium influences human DCs properties. We found that DCs submitted to high extracellular Na+ concentrations up to 200 mM remain viable and maintain the expression of specific DC markers, however, their maturation, chemotaxis toward CCL19, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS in response to LPS were also partially inhibited. In line with these results, the T-cell allostimulatory capacity of DCs was also inhibited. Finally, our data indicate that high NaCl concentrations triggered the phosphorylation of SGK1 and ERK1/2 kinases. These results raised the possibility that the previously reported pro-inflammatory effects of high NaCl concentrations on T cells might be counterbalanced by a downregulation of DC activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Al-Hajj
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Roxane Lemoine
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Stéphanie Chadet
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Annabelle Goumard
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France; Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laura Legay
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Ellena Roxburgh
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Audrey Heraud
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nora Deluce
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Lucille Lamendour
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Julien Burlaud-Gaillard
- U1259 Morphogenesis and Antigenicity of HIV and Hepatitis virus (MAVIVH), University of Tours, Tours, France; IBISA Facility of Electronic Microscopy, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gatault
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France; Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mathias Büchler
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France; Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Roger
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France; Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christophe Baron
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunology & Inflammation (T2I), University of Tours, Tours, France; Nephrology, Clinical Immunology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Michel-Flutot P, Bourcier CH, Emam L, Gasser A, Glatigny S, Vinit S, Mansart A. Extracellular traps formation following cervical spinal cord injury. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:692-704. [PMID: 36537022 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries involve a primary injury that can lead to permanent loss of function and a secondary injury associated with pathologic and inflammatory processes. Extracellular traps are extracellular structures expressed by immune cells that are primarily composed of chromatin, granular enzymes and histones. Extracellular traps are known to induce tissue damage when overexpressed and could be associated in the occurrence of secondary damage. In the present study, we used flow cytometry to demonstrate that at 1 day following a C2 spinal cord lateral hemisection in male Swiss mice, resident microglia form vital microglia extracellular traps, and infiltrating neutrophils form vital neutrophil extracellular traps. We also used immunolabelling to show that microglia near the lesion area are most likely to form these microglia extracellular traps. As expected, infiltrating neutrophils are located at the site of injury, though only some of them engage in post-injury extracellular trap formation. We also observed the formation of microglia and neutrophil extracellular traps in our sham animal models of durotomy, but formation was less frequent than following the C2 hemisection. Our results demonstrate for the first time that microglia form extracellular traps in the spinal cord following injury and durotomy. It remains however to determine the exact mechanisms and kinetics of neutrophil and microglia extracellular traps formation following spinal cord injury. This information would allow to better mitigate this inflammatory process that may contribute to secondary injury and to effectively target extracellular traps to improve functional outcomes following spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille H Bourcier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1179, END-ICAP, Versailles, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et Inflammation (2I), France
| | - Laila Emam
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et Inflammation (2I), France
| | - Adeline Gasser
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et Inflammation (2I), France
| | - Simon Glatigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et Inflammation (2I), France
| | - Stéphane Vinit
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1179, END-ICAP, Versailles, France
| | - Arnaud Mansart
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et Inflammation (2I), France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lin Y, Li C, Wang W, Li J, Huang C, Zheng X, Liu Z, Song X, Chen Y, Gao J, Wu J, Wu J, Tu Z, Lai L, Li XJ, Li S, Yan S. Intravenous AAV9 administration results in safe and widespread distribution of transgene in the brain of mini-pig. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1115348. [PMID: 36762127 PMCID: PMC9902950 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1115348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are important for understanding the pathogenesis of human diseases and for developing and testing new drugs. Pigs have been widely used in the research on the cardiovascular, skin barrier, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems as well as organ transplantation. Recently, pigs also become an attractive large animal model for the study of neurodegenerative diseases because their brains are very similar to human brains in terms of mass, gully pattern, vascularization, and the proportions of the gray and white matters. Although adeno-associated virus type 9 (AAV9) has been widely used to deliver transgenes in the brain, its utilization in large animal models remains to be fully characterized. Here, we report that intravenous injection of AAV9-GFP can lead to widespread expression of transgene in various organs in the pig. Importantly, GFP was highly expressed in various brain regions, especially the striatum, cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, without detectable inflammatory responses. These results suggest that intravenous AAV9 administration can be used to establish large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases caused by gene mutations and to treat these animal models as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell, Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xichen Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhao Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuchi Tu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell, Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shihua Li, ; Sen Yan,
| | - Sen Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shihua Li, ; Sen Yan,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chinnasamy P, Casimiro I, Riascos-Bernal DF, Venkatesh S, Parikh D, Maira A, Srinivasan A, Zheng W, Tarabra E, Zong H, Jayakumar S, Jeganathan V, Pradan K, Aleman JO, Singh R, Nandi S, Pessin JE, Sibinga NES. Increased adipose catecholamine levels and protection from obesity with loss of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:38. [PMID: 36596796 PMCID: PMC9810600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies implicate macrophages in regulation of thermogenic, sympathetic neuron-mediated norepinephrine (NE) signaling in adipose tissues, but understanding of such non-classical macrophage activities is incomplete. Here we show that male mice lacking the allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) protein resist high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. We link this phenotype to higher adipose NE levels that stem from decreased monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) expression and NE clearance by AIF1-deficient macrophages, and find through reciprocal bone marrow transplantation that donor Aif1-/- vs WT genotype confers the obesity phenotype in mice. Interestingly, human sequence variants near the AIF1 locus associate with obesity and diabetes; in adipose samples from participants with obesity, we observe direct correlation of AIF1 and MAOA transcript levels. These findings identify AIF1 as a regulator of MAOA expression in macrophages and catecholamine activity in adipose tissues - limiting energy expenditure and promoting energy storage - and suggest how it might contribute to human obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Isabel Casimiro
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shreeganesh Venkatesh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dippal Parikh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alishba Maira
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aparna Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Elena Tarabra
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Haihong Zong
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Venkatesh Jeganathan
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kith Pradan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jose O Aleman
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sayan Nandi
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
An Early Enriched Experience Drives an Activated Microglial Profile at Site of Corrective Neuroplasticity in Ten-m3 Knock-Out Mice. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0162-22.2022. [PMID: 36635245 PMCID: PMC9831145 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0162-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is beneficial for brain development and function, but our understanding of its capacity to drive circuit repair, the underlying mechanisms, and how this might vary with age remains limited. Ten-m3 knock-out (KO) mice exhibit a dramatic and stereotyped mistargeting of ipsilateral retinal inputs to the thalamus, resulting in visual deficits. We have recently shown a previously unexpected capacity for EE during early postnatal life (from birth for six weeks) to drive the partial elimination of miswired axonal projections, along with a recovery of visually mediated behavior, but the timeline of this repair was unclear. Here, we reveal that with just 3.5 weeks of EE from birth, Ten-m3 KOs exhibit a partial behavioral rescue, accompanied by pruning of the most profoundly miswired retinogeniculate terminals. Analysis suggests that the pruning is underway at this time point, providing an ideal opportunity to probe potential mechanisms. With the shorter EE-period, we found a localized increase in microglial density and activation profile within the identified geniculate region where corrective pruning was observed. No comparable response to EE was found in age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. These findings identify microglia as a potential mechanistic link through which EE drives the elimination of miswired neural circuits during early postnatal development. Activity driven, atypical recruitment of microglia to prune aberrant connectivity and restore function may have important therapeutic implications for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autistic spectrum disorder.
Collapse
|
45
|
Mazzei A, Pagliara P, Del Vecchio G, Giampetruzzi L, Croce F, Schiavone R, Verri T, Barca A. Cytoskeletal Responses and Aif-1 Expression in Caco-2 Monolayers Exposed to Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate and Carnosine. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010036. [PMID: 36671729 PMCID: PMC9855102 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The dis(re)organization of the cytoskeletal actin in enterocytes mediates epithelial barrier dys(re)function, playing a key role in modulating epithelial monolayer's integrity and remodeling under transition from physiological to pathological states. Here, by fluorescence-based morphological and morphometric analyses, we detected differential responses of cytoskeletal actin in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers at two different stages of their spontaneous differentiation, i.e., undifferentiated cells at 7 days post-seeding (dps) and differentiated enterocyte-like cells at 21 dps, upon challenge in vitro with the inflammation-mimicking stimulus of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). In addition, specific responses were found in the presence of the natural dipeptide carnosine detecting its potential counteraction against PMA-induced cytoskeletal alterations and remodeling in differentiated Caco-2 monolayers. In such an experimental context, by both immunocytochemistry and Western blot assays in Caco-2 monolayers, we identified the expression of the allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) as protein functionally related to both inflammatory and cytoskeletal pathways. In 21 dps monolayers, particularly, we detected variations of its intracellular localization associated with the inflammatory stimulus and its mRNA/protein increase associated with the differentiated 21 dps enterocyte-like monolayer compared to the undifferentiated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Mazzei
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-0832-298662 (A.B.)
| | - Gianmarco Del Vecchio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Lucia Giampetruzzi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems IMM-CNR, Via per Monteroni “Campus Ecotekne”, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesca Croce
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Roberta Schiavone
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DeBEST), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-0832-298662 (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Novoa C, Salazar P, Cisternas P, Gherardelli C, Vera-Salazar R, Zolezzi JM, Inestrosa NC. Inflammation context in Alzheimer's disease, a relationship intricate to define. Biol Res 2022; 55:39. [PMID: 36550479 PMCID: PMC9784299 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates. Importantly, Aβ and tau species are able to activate astrocytes and microglia, which release several proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), together with reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), triggering neuroinflammation. However, this inflammatory response has a dual function: it can play a protective role by increasing Aβ degradation and clearance, but it can also contribute to Aβ and tau overproduction and induce neurodegeneration and synaptic loss. Due to the significant role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AD, several inflammatory mediators have been proposed as AD markers, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, Iba-1, GFAP, NF-κB, TLR2, and MHCII. Importantly, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as NSAIDs has emerged as a potential treatment against AD. Moreover, diseases related to systemic or local inflammation, including infections, cerebrovascular accidents, and obesity, have been proposed as risk factors for the development of AD. In the following review, we focus on key inflammatory processes associated with AD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Novoa
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Salazar
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Cisternas
- grid.499370.00000 0004 6481 8274Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Camila Gherardelli
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Vera-Salazar
- grid.412179.80000 0001 2191 5013Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Escuela de Kinesiología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan M. Zolezzi
- grid.442242.60000 0001 2287 1761Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile ,grid.442242.60000 0001 2287 1761Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gaige S, Barbouche R, Barbot M, Boularand S, Dallaporta M, Abysique A, Troadec JD. Constitutively active microglial populations limit anorexia induced by the food contaminant deoxynivalenol. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:280. [PMCID: PMC9675145 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are involved in neuroinflammatory processes during diverse pathophysiological conditions. To date, the possible contribution of these cells to deoxynivalenol (DON)-induced brain inflammation and anorexia has not yet been evaluated. DON, one of the most abundant trichothecenes found in cereals, has been implicated in mycotoxicosis in both humans and farm animals. DON-induced toxicity is characterized by reduced food intake, weight gain, and immunological effects. We previously showed that exposure to DON induces an inflammatory response within the hypothalamus and dorsal vagal complex (DVC) which contributes to DON-induced anorexia. Here, in response to anorectic DON doses, we reported microglial activation within two circumventricular organs (CVOs), the area postrema (AP) and median eminence (ME) located in the DVC and the hypothalamus, respectively. Interestingly, this microglial activation was observed while DON-induced anorexia was ongoing (i.e., 3 and 6 h after DON administration). Next, we took advantage of pharmacological microglia deletion using PLX3397, a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)-inhibitor. Surprisingly, microglia-depleted mice exhibited an increased sensitivity to DON since non-anorectic DON doses reduced food intake in PLX3397-treated mice. Moreover, low DON doses induced c-Fos expression within feeding behavior-associated structures in PLX3397-treated mice but not in control mice. In parallel, we have highlighted heterogeneity in the phenotype of microglial cells present in and around the AP and ME of control animals. In these areas, microglial subpopulations expressed IBA1, TMEM119, CD11b and CD68 to varying degrees. In addition, a CD68 positive subpopulation showed, under resting conditions, a noticeable phagocytotic/endocytotic activity. We observed that DON strongly reduced CD68 in the hypothalamus and DVC. Finally, inactivation of constitutively active microglia by intraperitoneal administration of minocycline resulted in anorexia with a DON dose ineffective in control mice. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that various populations of microglial cells residing in and around the CVOs are maintained in a functionally active state even under physiological conditions. We propose that these microglial cell populations are attempting to protect the brain parenchyma from hazardous molecules coming from the blood. This study could contribute to a better understanding of how microglia respond to environmental contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gaige
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Rym Barbouche
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Manon Barbot
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Sarah Boularand
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM (FR1739), PRATIM, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Dallaporta
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Anne Abysique
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Denis Troadec
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Özbek M, Beyaz F, Ergün E, Ergün L, Karaca H, Cabir A, Alesawi YAK. Identification of some calcium binding proteins and neural cell markers in rat testis and epididymis during postnatal development. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14633. [DOI: 10.1111/and.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Burdur Turkey
| | - Feyzullah Beyaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey
| | - Emel Ergün
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Levent Ergün
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Harun Karaca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Burdur Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cabir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey
| | - Yahy Abood Kareem Alesawi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Reddy DS, Abeygunaratne HN. Experimental and Clinical Biomarkers for Progressive Evaluation of Neuropathology and Therapeutic Interventions for Acute and Chronic Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11734. [PMID: 36233034 PMCID: PMC9570151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes commonly used experimental and clinical biomarkers of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration for the evaluation of neuropathology and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers are vital for diagnostics of brain disease and therapeutic monitoring. A biomarker can be objectively measured and evaluated as a proxy indicator for the pathophysiological process or response to therapeutic interventions. There are complex hurdles in understanding the molecular pathophysiology of neurological disorders and the ability to diagnose them at initial stages. Novel biomarkers for neurological diseases may surpass these issues, especially for early identification of disease risk. Validated biomarkers can measure the severity and progression of both acute neuronal injury and chronic neurological diseases such as epilepsy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and other brain diseases. Biomarkers are deployed to study progression and response to treatment, including noninvasive imaging tools for both acute and chronic brain conditions. Neuronal biomarkers are classified into four core subtypes: blood-based, immunohistochemical-based, neuroimaging-based, and electrophysiological biomarkers. Neuronal conditions have progressive stages, such as acute injury, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurogenesis, which can serve as indices of pathological status. Biomarkers are critical for the targeted identification of specific molecules, cells, tissues, or proteins that dramatically alter throughout the progression of brain conditions. There has been tremendous progress with biomarkers in acute conditions and chronic diseases affecting the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doodipala Samba Reddy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Neurotherapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Intercollegiate School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Hasara Nethma Abeygunaratne
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Neurotherapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Roy P, Tomassoni D, Nittari G, Traini E, Amenta F. Effects of choline containing phospholipids on the neurovascular unit: A review. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:988759. [PMID: 36212684 PMCID: PMC9541750 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.988759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of choline and of choline-containing phospholipids (CCPLs) on the maintenance and progress of neurovascular unit (NVU) integrity are analyzed. NVU is composed of neurons, glial and vascular cells ensuring the correct homeostasis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and indirectly the function of the central nervous system. The CCPLs phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline), choline alphoscerate or α-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine (α-GPC) contribute to the modulation of the physiology of the NVU cells. A loss of CCPLs contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease. Our study has characterized the cellular components of the NVU and has reviewed the effect of lecithin, of CDP-choline and α-GPC documented in preclinical studies and in limited clinical trials on these compounds. The interesting results obtained with some CCPLs, in particular with α-GPC, probably would justify reconsideration of the most promising molecules in larger attentively controlled studies. This can also contribute to better define the role of the NVU in the pathophysiology of brain disorders characterized by vascular impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Proshanta Roy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Giulio Nittari
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Enea Traini
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Amenta,
| |
Collapse
|