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Jaiswal N, Jayakumar S. Biomass patterns in Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary: exploring factors and gradients with machine learning approach. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:434. [PMID: 38584211 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Forest biomass plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle as a significant contributor derived from both soil and trees. This study focuses on investigating tree carbon stock (TCS) and estimating aboveground biomass (AGB) based on elevation within the Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary forest, while also exploring the various factors that influence their contribution. Utilizing a non-destructive approach for carbon estimation, we found that the total tree biomass in this region ranged from 220.9 Mg/ha (in Z6) to 720.6 Mg/ha (Z2), while tree carbon stock ranged from 103.8 to 338.7 Mg/ha. While Kruskal-Wallis tests did not reveal a significant relationship (p = 0.09) between TCS and elevation, linear regression showed a weak correlation (R2 = 0.002, p < 0.05) with elevation. To delve deeper into the factors influencing TCS and biomass distribution, we employed a random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm, demonstrating that stand structural attributes, such as basal area (BA), diameter at breast height (DBH), and density, held a more prominent role than climatic variables, including temperature, precipitation, and slope. Generalized linear models (GLM) were also utilized, confirming that BA, mean DBH, and elevation significantly influenced AGB (p ≤ 0.001), with species richness, precipitation, and temperature having lower significance (p ≤ 0.01) comparatively. Overall, the RF model exhibited superior performance (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 0.12) in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) compared to GLM (R2 = 0.88, RMSE = 0.35). These findings shed light on the intricate dynamics of biomass distribution and the importance of both stand structural and climatic factors in shaping forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jaiswal
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
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2
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Oliveira-Paula GH, Liu S, Maira A, Ressa G, Ferreira GC, Quintar A, Jayakumar S, Almonte V, Parikh D, Valenta T, Basler K, Hla T, Riascos-Bernal DF, Sibinga NES. The β-catenin C terminus links Wnt and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathways to promote vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadg9278. [PMID: 38478616 PMCID: PMC10936954 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg9278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Canonical Wnt and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathways are highly conserved systems that contribute to normal vertebrate development, with key consequences for immune, nervous, and cardiovascular system function; despite these functional overlaps, little is known about Wnt/β-catenin-S1P cross-talk. In the vascular system, both Wnt/β-catenin and S1P signals affect vessel maturation, stability, and barrier function, but information regarding their potential coordination is scant. We report an instance of functional interaction between the two pathways, including evidence that S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) is a transcriptional target of β-catenin. By studying vascular smooth muscle cells and arterial injury response, we find a specific requirement for the β-catenin carboxyl terminus, which acts to induce S1PR1, and show that this interaction is essential for vascular remodeling. We also report that pharmacological inhibition of the β-catenin carboxyl terminus reduces S1PR1 expression, neointima formation, and atherosclerosis. These findings provide mechanistic understanding of how Wnt/β-catenin and S1P systems collaborate during vascular remodeling and inform strategies for therapeutic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sophia Liu
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alishba Maira
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gaia Ressa
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Graziele C. Ferreira
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amado Quintar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa Almonte
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dippal Parikh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tomas Valenta
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Konrad Basler
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dario F. Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas E. S. Sibinga
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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3
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Surati U, Mohan M, Jayakumar S, Verma A, Niranjan SK. Genome-wide in silico analysis leads to identification of deleterious L290V mutation in RBBP5 gene in Bos indicus. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4851-4859. [PMID: 37051916 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2199502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide deleterious mutations were identified in zebu cattle (Bos indicus) using in silico approach. The ddRAD sequence data of Sahiwal cattle were annotated and aligned with the cattle reference genome (ARS-UCD1.2). A total of 279,383 SNPs were identified at Read Depth10, which were further filtered to 692 missense SNPs. These SNPs were further analyzed, for functional consequences, by using Variant Effect Predictor, PolyPhen, PROVEAN, and PANTHER tools. A total of 18 SNPs, were finally identified as deleterious, and among these, 12 SNPs were mapped on nine different genes. ERRAT, ProSA-web, Project HOPE, TM-Align, and YASSARA tools, further confirmed the protein malfunctioning of one missense (L290V) mutation of Retinoblastoma binding protein-5 (RBBP5) gene, transcribing a cell cycle regulatory protein and associated with Retinoblastoma in human. This derived bioinformatics pipeline may be useful for preliminarily identifying the deleterious DNA mutations in livestock, specifically in absence of any genetic disease records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Surati
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - M Mohan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Archana Verma
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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Shashank CG, Prashant RG, Kumar P, Kulkarni NA, Tiwari M, Jayakumar S, Sejian V. Comparative assessment of growth performance of indigenous and cross-bred calves subjected to combined stressors (heat and nutritional). Int J Biometeorol 2023; 67:1435-1450. [PMID: 37418176 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of combined stressors (heat and nutritional stresses) on the growth and adaptive capability of Sahiwal (SW) and Karan Fries (KF) calves during the summer season. Calves in each breed were randomly divided into four groups. In SW breed the groupings were as follows: SWC (n = 4; Sahiwal Control); SWHS (n = 4; Sahiwal Heat Stress); SWNS (n = 4; Sahiwal Nutritional Stress) and SWCS (n = 4; Sahiwal Combined Stresses). Likewise, in the KF breed, KFC (n = 4; Karan Fries Control); KFHS (n = 4; Karan Fries Heat Stress); KFNS (n = 4; Karan Fries Nutritional Stress), and KFCS (n = 4; Karan Fries Combined Stresses). Control (C) and Heat Stress (HS) calves were fed ad libitum while Nutritional Stress (NS) and Combined Stresses (CS) calves were fed restricted feed (50% of C calves of respective breed) to induce nutritional stress in both the breeds. SWHS, SWCS, KFHS, and KFCS were exposed to summer heat stress from 1000 to 1600 h. All growth and adaptation variables were recorded at fortnightly intervals. Respiration rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature during the afternoon were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the CS group in both breeds. Further, CS had significantly (P < 0.05) higher plasma growth hormone and cortisol levels. Insulin-like growth factor-1, Triiodothyronine, and Thyroxine levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the CS group in both breeds. Interestingly, heat stress didn't affect SWHS and KFHS bodyweight, however, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in body weight of SWCS and KFCS was observed when compared with C. Hepatic mRNA expression of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, and growth hormone receptor significantly (P < 0.05) varied when compared between C and CS groups in both the breeds. The overall magnitude of stress was more pronounced in KF compared to the SW breed. This study concludes that when two stressors occur concurrently, they may have a greater influence on the adaptive capability of calves. Further, SW had better tolerance levels than KF, confirming the indigenous breed's superiority over cross-bred.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Shashank
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - R G Prashant
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Nitish A Kulkarni
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- ICAR-National National Bureau of Animal Genetics Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - V Sejian
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Audugodi, Bangalore, 560030, Karnataka, India
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5
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Andriamirado M, Balantekin AB, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Bernard EP, Bowden NS, Bryan CD, Carr R, Classen T, Conant AJ, Deichert G, Delgado A, Diwan MV, Dolinski MJ, Erickson A, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribari A, Gilbert CE, Gokhale S, Grant C, Hans S, Hansell AB, Heeger KM, Heffron B, Jaffe DE, Jayakumar S, Ji X, Jones DC, Koblanski J, Kunkle P, Kyzylova O, LaBelle D, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Littlejohn BR, Lu X, Maricic J, Mendenhall MP, Meyer AM, Milincic R, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Neilson R, Nikkel JA, Nour S, Palomino Gallo JL, Pushin DA, Qian X, Roca C, Rosero R, Searles M, Surukuchi PT, Sutanto F, Tyra MA, Venegas-Vargas D, Weatherly PB, Wilhelmi J, Woolverton A, Yeh M, Zhang C, Zhang X. Final Measurement of the ^{235}U Antineutrino Energy Spectrum with the PROSPECT-I Detector at HFIR. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:021802. [PMID: 37505961 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports one of the most precise measurements to date of the antineutrino spectrum from a purely ^{235}U-fueled reactor, made with the final dataset from the PROSPECT-I detector at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. By extracting information from previously unused detector segments, this analysis effectively doubles the statistics of the previous PROSPECT measurement. The reconstructed energy spectrum is unfolded into antineutrino energy and compared with both the Huber-Mueller model and a spectrum from a commercial reactor burning multiple fuel isotopes. A local excess over the model is observed in the 5-7 MeV energy region. Comparison of the PROSPECT results with those from commercial reactors provides new constraints on the origin of this excess, disfavoring at 2.0 and 3.7 standard deviations the hypotheses that antineutrinos from ^{235}U are solely responsible and noncontributors to the excess observed at commercial reactors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andriamirado
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - A B Balantekin
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C D Bass
- Department of Physics, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, New York 13214, USA
| | - D E Bergeron
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - E P Bernard
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N S Bowden
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C D Bryan
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - R Carr
- Department of Physics, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - T Classen
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A J Conant
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - G Deichert
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - A Delgado
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M V Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J Dolinski
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - A Erickson
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - B T Foust
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J K Gaison
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Galindo-Uribari
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
| | - C E Gilbert
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Gokhale
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Grant
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A B Hansell
- Department of Physics, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania 17870, USA
| | - K M Heeger
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Heffron
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
| | - D E Jaffe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - X Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D C Jones
- Department of Physics (035-08), Temple University, 1925 N 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-1801, USA
| | - J Koblanski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - P Kunkle
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - O Kyzylova
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D LaBelle
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C E Lane
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T J Langford
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J LaRosa
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - B R Littlejohn
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - X Lu
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
| | - J Maricic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - M P Mendenhall
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A M Meyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - R Milincic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - P E Mueller
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H P Mumm
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - J Napolitano
- Department of Physics (035-08), Temple University, 1925 N 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-1801, USA
| | - R Neilson
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J A Nikkel
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Nour
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - J L Palomino Gallo
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - D A Pushin
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Ontario, Canada
| | - X Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Roca
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Searles
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - P T Surukuchi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - F Sutanto
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M A Tyra
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - D Venegas-Vargas
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
| | - P B Weatherly
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia PA 19104-2875, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Wilhelmi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Woolverton
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Ontario, Canada
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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6
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Chinnasamy P, Casimiro I, Riascos-Bernal DF, Venkatesh S, Parikh D, Maira A, Srinivasan A, Zheng W, Tarabra E, Zong H, Jayakumar S, Jeganathan V, Pradan K, Aleman JO, Singh R, Nandi S, Pessin JE, Sibinga NES. Increased adipose catecholamine levels and protection from obesity with loss of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:38. [PMID: 36596796 PMCID: PMC9810600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies implicate macrophages in regulation of thermogenic, sympathetic neuron-mediated norepinephrine (NE) signaling in adipose tissues, but understanding of such non-classical macrophage activities is incomplete. Here we show that male mice lacking the allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) protein resist high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. We link this phenotype to higher adipose NE levels that stem from decreased monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) expression and NE clearance by AIF1-deficient macrophages, and find through reciprocal bone marrow transplantation that donor Aif1-/- vs WT genotype confers the obesity phenotype in mice. Interestingly, human sequence variants near the AIF1 locus associate with obesity and diabetes; in adipose samples from participants with obesity, we observe direct correlation of AIF1 and MAOA transcript levels. These findings identify AIF1 as a regulator of MAOA expression in macrophages and catecholamine activity in adipose tissues - limiting energy expenditure and promoting energy storage - and suggest how it might contribute to human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Isabel Casimiro
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shreeganesh Venkatesh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dippal Parikh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alishba Maira
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aparna Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Elena Tarabra
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Haihong Zong
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Venkatesh Jeganathan
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kith Pradan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jose O Aleman
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sayan Nandi
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center and Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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7
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Parikh D, Jayakumar S, Oliveira-Paula GH, Almonte V, Riascos-Bernal DF, Sibinga NE. Allograft inflammatory factor-1-like is a situational regulator of leptin levels, hyperphagia, and obesity. iScience 2022; 25:105058. [PMID: 36134334 PMCID: PMC9483794 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse models enable the study of genetic factors affecting the complex pathophysiology of metabolic disorders. Here, we identify reductions in leptin levels, food intake, and obesity due to high-fat diet, accompanied by increased leptin sensitivity, in mice that harbor the E2a-Cre transgene within Obrq2, an obesity quantitative trait locus (QTL) that includes the leptin gene. Interestingly, loss of allograft inflammatory factor-1-like (AIF1L) protein in these transgenic mice leads to similar leptin sensitivity, yet marked reversal of the obesity phenotype, with accelerated weight gain and increased food intake. Transgenic mice lacking AIF1L also have low circulating leptin, which suggests that benefits of enhanced leptin sensitivity are lost with further impairment of leptin expression due to loss of AIF1L. Together, our results identify AIF1L as a genetic modifier of Obrq2 and leptin that affects leptin levels, food intake, and obesity during the metabolic stress imposed by HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dippal Parikh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Vanessa Almonte
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dario F. Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Nicholas E.S. Sibinga
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Corresponding author
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An FP, Andriamirado M, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Berish D, Bishai M, Blyth S, Bowden NS, Bryan CD, Cao GF, Cao J, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chen HS, Chen SM, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cheng J, Cheng ZK, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Classen T, Conant AJ, Cummings JP, Dalager O, Deichert G, Delgado A, Deng FS, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Dohnal T, Dolinski MJ, Dolzhikov D, Dove J, Dvořák M, Dwyer DA, Erickson A, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gallo JP, Gilbert CE, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Grassi M, Gu WQ, Guo JY, Guo L, Guo XH, Guo YH, Guo Z, Hackenburg RW, Hans S, Hansell AB, He M, Heeger KM, Heffron B, Heng YK, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu JR, Hu T, Hu ZJ, Huang HX, Huang JH, Huang XT, Huang YB, Huber P, Koblanski J, Jaffe DE, Jayakumar S, Jen KL, Ji XL, Ji XP, Johnson RA, Jones DC, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kohn S, Kramer M, Kyzylova O, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Lee J, Lee JHC, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung JKC, Li F, Li HL, Li JJ, Li QJ, Li RH, Li S, Li SC, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin S, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu JX, Lu C, Lu HQ, Lu X, Luk KB, Ma BZ, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, Mandujano RC, Maricic J, Marshall C, McDonald KT, McKeown RD, Mendenhall MP, Meng Y, Meyer AM, Milincic R, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Neilson R, Nguyen TMT, Nikkel JA, Nour S, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevskiy A, Palomino JL, Pan HR, Park J, Patton S, Peng JC, Pun CSJ, Pushin DA, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Ren J, Morales Reveco C, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Searles M, Steiner H, Sun JL, Surukuchi PT, Tmej T, Treskov K, Tse WH, Tull CE, Tyra MA, Varner RL, Venegas-Vargas D, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang J, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang W, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Weatherly PB, Wei HY, Wei LH, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White C, Wilhelmi J, Wong HLH, Woolverton A, Worcester E, Wu DR, Wu FL, Wu Q, Wu WJ, Xia DM, Xie ZQ, Xing ZZ, Xu HK, Xu JL, Xu T, Xue T, Yang CG, Yang L, Yang YZ, Yao HF, Ye M, Yeh M, Young BL, Yu HZ, Yu ZY, Yue BB, Zavadskyi V, Zeng S, Zeng Y, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FY, Zhang HH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang SQ, Zhang X, Zhang XT, Zhang YM, Zhang YX, Zhang YY, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhao RZ, Zhou L, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Joint Determination of Reactor Antineutrino Spectra from ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu Fission by Daya Bay and PROSPECT. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:081801. [PMID: 35275656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A joint determination of the reactor antineutrino spectra resulting from the fission of ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu has been carried out by the Daya Bay and PROSPECT Collaborations. This Letter reports the level of consistency of ^{235}U spectrum measurements from the two experiments and presents new results from a joint analysis of both data sets. The measurements are found to be consistent. The combined analysis reduces the degeneracy between the dominant ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu isotopes and improves the uncertainty of the ^{235}U spectral shape to about 3%. The ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu antineutrino energy spectra are unfolded from the jointly deconvolved reactor spectra using the Wiener-SVD unfolding method, providing a data-based reference for other reactor antineutrino experiments and other applications. This is the first measurement of the ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu spectra based on the combination of experiments at low- and highly enriched uranium reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P An
- Institute of Modern Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai
| | - M Andriamirado
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - A B Balantekin
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - H R Band
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - C D Bass
- Department of Physics, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, New York
| | - D E Bergeron
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - D Berish
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M Bishai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - S Blyth
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - N S Bowden
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - C D Bryan
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - G F Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Chang
- National United University, Miao-Li
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Y Chen
- Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y X Chen
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing
| | - J Cheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z K Cheng
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J J Cherwinka
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - M C Chu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T Classen
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - A J Conant
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | - O Dalager
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - G Deichert
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - A Delgado
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - F S Deng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Y Y Ding
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M V Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - T Dohnal
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M J Dolinski
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - D Dolzhikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J Dove
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - M Dvořák
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - D A Dwyer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Erickson
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - B T Foust
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - J K Gaison
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - A Galindo-Uribarri
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - J P Gallo
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - C E Gilbert
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - M Gonchar
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - G H Gong
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - H Gong
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - M Grassi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - W Q Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - J Y Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - L Guo
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - X H Guo
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing
| | - Y H Guo
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Z Guo
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | | | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - A B Hansell
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - K M Heeger
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - B Heffron
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Y K Heng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y K Hor
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y B Hsiung
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - B Z Hu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - J R Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - T Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z J Hu
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - H X Huang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - J H Huang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | | | - Y B Huang
- Guangxi University, No.100 Daxue East Road, Nanning
| | - P Huber
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - J Koblanski
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - D E Jaffe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - K L Jen
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - X L Ji
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X P Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - R A Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221
| | - D C Jones
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - L Kang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - S H Kettell
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - S Kohn
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Kramer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - O Kyzylova
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - C E Lane
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - T J Langford
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - J LaRosa
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - J Lee
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H C Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - R T Lei
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - R Leitner
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J K C Leung
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - F Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - H L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J J Li
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Q J Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - R H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - S Li
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - S C Li
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - W D Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X N Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin
| | - Y F Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z B Li
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - H Liang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - C J Lin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G L Lin
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - S Lin
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - J J Ling
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J M Link
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | | | - B R Littlejohn
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J C Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J L Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - J X Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - C Lu
- Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - H Q Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X Lu
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - K B Luk
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B Z Ma
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | - X B Ma
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing
| | - X Y Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Q Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - R C Mandujano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - J Maricic
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - C Marshall
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K T McDonald
- Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - R D McKeown
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187
| | - M P Mendenhall
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - Y Meng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - A M Meyer
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - R Milincic
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - P E Mueller
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - H P Mumm
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - J Napolitano
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - D Naumov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - E Naumova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - R Neilson
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - T M T Nguyen
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - J A Nikkel
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - S Nour
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - J P Ochoa-Ricoux
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - A Olshevskiy
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - H-R Pan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - J Park
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - S Patton
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J C Peng
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - C S J Pun
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - D A Pushin
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
| | - F Z Qi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Qi
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - X Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - N Raper
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J Ren
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - C Morales Reveco
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - B Roskovec
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - X C Ruan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - M Searles
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - H Steiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J L Sun
- China General Nuclear Power Group, Shenzhen
| | - P T Surukuchi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - T Tmej
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Treskov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - W-H Tse
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C E Tull
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M A Tyra
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - R L Varner
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - D Venegas-Vargas
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - B Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - V Vorobel
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C H Wang
- National United University, Miao-Li
| | - J Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - M Wang
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | - N Y Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing
| | - R G Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - W Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187
| | - W Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - X Wang
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha
| | - Y Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Y F Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Z M Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - P B Weatherly
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - H Y Wei
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - L H Wei
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L J Wen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | | | - C White
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Wilhelmi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - H L H Wong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Woolverton
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
| | - E Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - D R Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - F L Wu
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Q Wu
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | - W J Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - D M Xia
- Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Z Q Xie
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Z Xing
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - H K Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J L Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - T Xu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - T Xue
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - C G Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L Yang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - Y Z Yang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - H F Yao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Ye
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - B L Young
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
| | - H Z Yu
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Z Y Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - B B Yue
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - V Zavadskyi
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - S Zeng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - L Zhan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - C Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - F Y Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - H H Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Q M Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - S Q Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - X Zhang
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - X T Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y M Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y X Zhang
- China General Nuclear Power Group, Shenzhen
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - Z J Zhang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - R Z Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J H Zou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
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Almazán H, Andriamirado M, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Bernard L, Blanchet A, Bonhomme A, Bowden NS, Bryan CD, Buck C, Classen T, Conant AJ, Deichert G, Del Amo Sanchez P, Delgado A, Diwan MV, Dolinski MJ, El Atmani I, Erickson A, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gilbert CE, Hans S, Hansell AB, Heeger KM, Heffron B, Jaffe DE, Jayakumar S, Ji X, Jones DC, Koblanski J, Kyzylova O, Labit L, Lamblin J, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Letourneau A, Lhuillier D, Licciardi M, Lindner M, Littlejohn BR, Lu X, Maricic J, Materna T, Mendenhall MP, Meyer AM, Milincic R, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Neilson R, Nikkel JA, Nour S, Palomino JL, Pessard H, Pushin DA, Qian X, Réal JS, Ricol JS, Roca C, Rogly R, Rosero R, Salagnac T, Savu V, Schoppmann S, Searles M, Sergeyeva V, Soldner T, Stutz A, Surukuchi PT, Tyra MA, Varner RL, Venegas-Vargas D, Vialat M, Weatherly PB, White C, Wilhelmi J, Woolverton A, Yeh M, Zhang C, Zhang X. Joint Measurement of the ^{235}U Antineutrino Spectrum by PROSPECT and STEREO. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:081802. [PMID: 35275665 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.081802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The PROSPECT and STEREO collaborations present a combined measurement of the pure ^{235}U antineutrino spectrum, without site specific corrections or detector-dependent effects. The spectral measurements of the two highest precision experiments at research reactors are found to be compatible with χ^{2}/ndf=24.1/21, allowing a joint unfolding of the prompt energy measurements into antineutrino energy. This ν[over ¯]_{e} energy spectrum is provided to the community, and an excess of events relative to the Huber model is found in the 5-6 MeV region. When a Gaussian bump is fitted to the excess, the data-model χ^{2} value is improved, corresponding to a 2.4σ significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Almazán
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Andriamirado
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A B Balantekin
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - H R Band
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - C D Bass
- Department of Physics, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - D E Bergeron
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - L Bernard
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Blanchet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Bonhomme
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N S Bowden
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - C D Bryan
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - C Buck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Classen
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - A J Conant
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - G Deichert
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - A Delgado
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M V Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - M J Dolinski
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - I El Atmani
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Erickson
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| | - B T Foust
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - J K Gaison
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - A Galindo-Uribarri
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - C E Gilbert
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - A B Hansell
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - K M Heeger
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - B Heffron
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - D E Jaffe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - X Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - D C Jones
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Koblanski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - O Kyzylova
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - L Labit
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - J Lamblin
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C E Lane
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T J Langford
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - J LaRosa
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - A Letourneau
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Lhuillier
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Licciardi
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Lindner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B R Littlejohn
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - X Lu
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - J Maricic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - T Materna
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M P Mendenhall
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - A M Meyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - R Milincic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - P E Mueller
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - H P Mumm
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - J Napolitano
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - R Neilson
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J A Nikkel
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - S Nour
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - H Pessard
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - D A Pushin
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - X Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - J-S Réal
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J-S Ricol
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C Roca
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Rogly
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - T Salagnac
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Savu
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Schoppmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Searles
- High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - V Sergeyeva
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - T Soldner
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - A Stutz
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P T Surukuchi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - M A Tyra
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - R L Varner
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - D Venegas-Vargas
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M Vialat
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - P B Weatherly
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C White
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Wilhelmi
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - A Woolverton
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
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10
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Dixit SP, Bhatia AK, Ganguly I, Singh S, Dash S, Sharma A, Anandkumar N, Dang AK, Jayakumar S. Genome analyses revealed genetic admixture and selection signatures in Bos indicus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21924. [PMID: 34753978 PMCID: PMC8578574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomic diversity and relationship among seven diverse cattle breeds viz. Sahiwal, Tharparkar, Gir, Vechur, Ongole, Kangayam and Hariana were investigated in 132 random samples based on high density SNP array comprising > 777 K SNPs. A total of 1993 SNPs (0.25% of the total) having greater power (FST ≥ 0.20) to differentiate these cattle populations were identified, and utilized to partition genome of each animal into a predefined number of clusters. The structure of these cattle indicated shared ancestry of dairy breeds viz. Gir, Tharparkar and Sahiwal. Most of the animals (> 76%) of different populations under study except Vechur clustered into their own group of animals called breed. Vechur population retained highest rate of admixture, consistent with its crossing with other breeds. Ongole, Kangayam and Hariana shared comparatively less of their genome (≤ 15%) with other breeds. The study indicated that all seven breeds evolved from their independent ancestry but there was intermixing of these breeds in the recent past. The selection signatures identified between draft (Kangayam) and dairy breeds included several genes like FAM19A2, RAB31P, BEST3, DGKA, AHCY, PIGU and PFKP which are involved in immune response, metabolic pathway, transportation of glucose and sugars, signaling pathways, cellular processes, cell division and glycolysis regulation, respectively. Moreover, these genomic regions also harbour QTLs affecting milk performance traits. The signatures were also identified even between the dairy breeds. In comparison to large-sized cattle, there were significant differences in the number of QTLs affecting production (body weight, growth rate etc.) and morphological traits (height) in short-statured Vechur breed. The presence of HMGA2 gene in the selection signature on chromosome 5 may explain the variations in stature between these cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Dixit
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - A K Bhatia
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Indrajit Ganguly
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Soumya Dash
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Anurodh Sharma
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - N Anandkumar
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - A K Dang
- ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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11
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Almonte VM, Uriyanghai U, Egaña-Gorroño L, Parikh D, Oliveira-Paula GH, Zhang J, Jayakumar S, Riascos-Bernal DF, Sibinga NES. PLX3397, a CSF1 receptor inhibitor, limits allotransplantation-induced vascular remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2718-2731. [PMID: 34478521 PMCID: PMC9890458 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Graft vascular disease (GVD), a clinically important and highly complex vascular occlusive disease, arises from the interplay of multiple cellular and molecular pathways. While occlusive intimal lesions are composed predominantly of smooth-muscle-like cells (SMLCs), the origin of these cells and the stimuli leading to their accumulation in GVD are uncertain. Macrophages have recently been identified as both potential drivers of intimal hyperplasia and precursors that undergo transdifferentiation to become SMLCs in non-transplant settings. Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) is a well-known regulator of macrophage development and differentiation, and prior preclinical studies have shown that lack of CSF1 limits GVD. We sought to identify the origins of SMLCs and of cells expressing the CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) in GVD, and to test the hypothesis that pharmacologic inhibition of CSF1 signalling would curtail both macrophage and SMLC activities and decrease vascular occlusion. METHODS AND RESULTS We used genetically modified mice and a vascular transplant model with minor antigen mismatch to assess cell origins. We found that neointimal SMLCs derive from both donor and recipient, and that transdifferentiation of macrophages to SMLC phenotype is minimal in this model. Cells expressing CSF1R in grafts were identified as recipient-derived myeloid cells of Cx3cr1 lineage, and these cells rarely expressed smooth muscle marker proteins. Blockade of CSF1R activity using the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PLX3397 limited the expression of genes associated with innate immunity and decreased levels of circulating monocytes and intimal macrophages. Importantly, PLX3397 attenuated the development of GVD in arterial allografts. CONCLUSION These studies provide proof of concept for pharmacologic inhibition of the CSF1/CSF1R signalling pathway as a therapeutic strategy in GVD. Further preclinical testing of this pathway in GVD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Almonte
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Unimunkh Uriyanghai
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Present address: Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dippal Parikh
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Bernal DFR, Dunaway C, Jayakumar S, Cao L, Sibinga N. The atypical cadherin FAT1 limits smooth muscle cell metabolic reprogramming and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Basu J, Jayakumar S, Miles C, Parry-Williams G, Maclachlan H, Sheikh N, Bulleros P, Fanton Z, Carr-White G, Behr E, O"driscoll J, Sharma S, Tome M, Nikoletou D, Papadakis M. Six-month outcomes of a high intensity exercise programme in young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: The SAFE-HCM trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Cardiac Risk in the Young
Background
Moderate intensity exercise training in older patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can improve functional capacity, without significant harm. However, younger patients are attracted to high intensity training (HIT) regimes. The SAFE-HCM study demonstrated that an individually tailored, HIT programme in young patients with HCM was feasible, and provided both health and psychological benefits, without an increase in the burden of arrhythmia.
Purpose
To assess whether observed benefits of a HIT programme in young patients with HCM are sustained at 6 months.
Methods
Eighty patients with HCM (45.7y+/-8.6) underwent baseline clinical and psychological assessment. Individuals were randomised to a 12-week HIT programme (n = 40) or usual care (n = 40). Baseline evaluation was repeated at 12 weeks (T12). Feasibility, safety, health and psychological benefits were assessed. At 12-weeks individuals were encouraged to continue with the frequency and intensity of physical activity (PA) achieved at the end of the cardiac rehabilitation programme. Participants in the exercise arm were invited to follow-up at 6 months (T6m).
Results
The majority (83%) of participants completed the 12-week study. At T12 there was no significant difference between groups in the composite arrhythmia safety outcome (p = 0.99). The indices of exercise capacity were significantly improved in the exercise compared to the control group; peak VO2 (+3.7ml/kg/min [CI 1.1,6.3], p = 0.006), VO2/kg at anaerobic threshold (VO2/kgAT) (+2.44ml/kg/min [CI 0.6,4.2], p = 0.009), time to AT (+115s [CI 54.3,175.9], p < 0.001) and exercise time (max ET) (+108s [CI 33.7,182.2], p = 0.005). The exercise group also demonstrated greater reduction in systolic BP (-7.3mmHg [CI -11.7,-2.8], p = 0.002), BMI (-0.8kg/m2 [CI-1.1,-0.4], p < 0.001), anxiety (-2.6 [CI-3.6,-1.6], p= <0.001) and depression (-1.1 [CI -2.0,-0.2], p = 0.015) scores. At T6m patient reported exercise adherence was comparable to baseline PA in 33/34 of the exercise group attending for follow up. Most exercise gains dissipated with the exception of time to AT (p = 0.002), max ET (p = 0.003), VO2/kgAT (p = 0.04) and anxiety score (p < 0.001) (Figure 1). There were no sustained episodes of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias. The incidence of NSVT did not differ between time points (p = 0.09).
Conclusion
A 12-week HIT programme in young patients with HCM offers considerable gains in fitness and psychological outcomes, with no increase in arrhythmic burden. At T6m exercise levels as well as most physiological adaptations and health benefits returned to baseline, as seen in other studies when formal participation in an exercise programme comes to an end. This highlights the importance of the implementation of strategies to encourage ongoing engagement in PA. Potential solutions include identification of barriers to exercise, as well as adoption of novel tele-rehabilation approaches.
Abstract Figure 1 Sustained benefits at T6m
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Affiliation(s)
- J Basu
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Jayakumar
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Miles
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - G Parry-Williams
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - H Maclachlan
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - N Sheikh
- Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Bulleros
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - Z Fanton
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - G Carr-White
- Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - E Behr
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J O"driscoll
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Sharma
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Tome
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - D Nikoletou
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Papadakis
- St George"s University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Kumaravel A, Murugananthan M, Mangalam R, Jayakumar S. A novel, biocompatible and electrocatalytic stearic acid/nanosilver modified glassy carbon electrode for the sensing of paraoxon pesticide in food samples and commercial formulations. Food Chem 2020; 323:126814. [PMID: 32334304 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple, biocompatible and an enzyme-free sensing platform was developed for detection of paraoxon. The surface of a glassy carbon electrode was modified with an electrodeposition of stearic acid/nanosilver composite at -0.7 V for 40 s. The paraoxon undergoes electro-reduction at -550 mV on the modified electrode, and the limits of detection (LOD) was calculated as 0.1 nM (S/N = 3) using differential pulse voltammetry which is lower than that of the existing materials reported. The high stability observed with the modified electrode for prolonging period indicated that the sensitivity of the electrode remains active for several runs of the analysis. The developed analytical strategy was implemented for onion and paddy grain samples and good recovery rates were observed. Also, it was applied for analyzing the purity of the commercial paraoxon sample. The reliability of the developed strategy was confirmed by comparing the results of electrochemical approach with that of HPLC technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumaravel
- Department of Chemistry, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Neelambur, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M Murugananthan
- Department of Chemistry, PSG College of Technology, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R Mangalam
- Department of Physics, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Neelambur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Neelambur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kumar A, Gupta I, Mohan G, Vineeth M, Ravi kumar D, Jayakumar S, Niranjan S. Development of PCR based assays for detection of lethal Holstein haplotype 1, 3 and 4 in Holstein Friesian cattle. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 50:101503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Parikh D, Riascos-Bernal DF, Egaña-Gorroño L, Jayakumar S, Almonte V, Chinnasamy P, Sibinga NES. Allograft inflammatory factor-1-like is not essential for age dependent weight gain or HFD-induced obesity and glucose insensitivity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3594. [PMID: 32107417 PMCID: PMC7046694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The allograft inflammatory factor (AIF) gene family consists of two identified paralogs – AIF1 and AIF1-like (AIF1L). The encoded proteins, AIF1 and AIF1L, are 80% similar in sequence and show conserved tertiary structure. While studies in human populations suggest links between AIF1 and metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, such associations with AIF1L have not been reported. Drawing parallels based on structural similarity, we postulated that AIF1L might contribute to metabolic disorders, and studied it using mouse models. Here we report that AIF1L is expressed in major adipose depots and kidney but was not detectable in liver or skeletal muscle; in notable contrast to AIF1, AIF1L was also not found in spleen. Studies of AIF1L deficient mice showed no obvious postnatal developmental phenotype. In response to high fat diet (HFD) feeding for 6 or 18 weeks, WT and AIF1L deficient mice gained weight similarly, showed no differences in fat or lean mass accumulation, and displayed no changes in energy expenditure or systemic glucose handling. These findings indicate that AIF1L is not essential for the development of obesity or impaired glucose handling due to HFD, and advance understanding of this little-studied gene and its place in the AIF gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dippal Parikh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA.,Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Vanessa Almonte
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA.
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Dixit SP, Singh S, Ganguly I, Bhatia AK, Sharma A, Kumar NA, Dang AK, Jayakumar S. Genome-Wide Runs of Homozygosity Revealed Selection Signatures in Bos indicus. Front Genet 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32153647 PMCID: PMC7046685 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide runs of homozygosity (ROH) are suitable for understanding population history, calculating genomic inbreeding, deciphering genetic architecture of complex traits and diseases as well as identifying genes linked with agro-economic traits. Autozygosity and ROH islands, genomic regions with elevated ROH frequencies, were characterized in 112 animals of seven Indian native cattle breeds (B. indicus) using BovineHD BeadChip. In total, 4138 ROH were detected. The average number of ROH per animal was maximum in draft breed, Kangayam (63.62 ± 22.71) and minimum in dairy breed, Sahiwal (24.62 ± 11.03). The mean ROH length was maximum in Vechur (6.97 Mb) and minimum in Hariana (4.04 Mb). Kangayam revealed the highest ROH based inbreeding (FROH > 1Mb = 0.113 ± 0.059), whereas Hariana (FROH > 1Mb = 0.042 ± 0.031) and Sahiwal (FROH > 1Mb = 0.043 ± 0.048) showed the lowest. The high standard deviation observed in each breed highlights a considerable variability in autozygosity. Out of the total autozygous segments observed in each breed except Vechur, > 80% were of short length (< 8 Mb) and contributed almost 50% of the genome proportion under ROH. However, in Vechur cattle, long ROH contributed 75% of the genome proportion under ROH. ROH patterns revealed Hariana and Sahiwal breeds as less consanguineous, while recent inbreeding was apparent in Vechur. Maximum autozygosity observed in Kangayam is attributable to both recent and ancient inbreeding. The ROH islands were harbouring higher proportion of QTLs for production traits (20.68% vs. 14.64%; P≤ 0.05) but lower for reproductive traits (11.49% vs. 15.76%; P≤ 0.05) in dairy breeds compared to draft breed. In draft cattle, genes associated with resistant to diseases/higher immunity (LYZL1, SVIL, and GPX4) and stress tolerant (CCT4) were identified in ROH islands; while in dairy breeds, for milk production (PTGFR, CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2, and CSN3). Significant difference in ROH islands among large and short statured breeds was observed at chromosome 3 and 5 involving genes like PTGFR and HMGA2 responsible for milk production and stature, respectively. PCA analysis on consensus ROH regions revealed distinct clustering of dairy, draft and short stature cattle breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Dixit
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Indrajit Ganguly
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Avnish Kumar Bhatia
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Anurodh Sharma
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - N Anand Kumar
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
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Selvaraj V, Devadoss S, Jayakumar S, Gururagavendra P, Devadoss A. Column specific fixation for complex tibial plateau fractures - Midterm prospective study in South - Indian population. Injury 2020; 51:497-504. [PMID: 31703964 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tibial plateau fractures involving two or more columns were routinely assessed by two-dimensional radiography in the past. This often misled surgeons and attention was given only to the medial and lateral column without consideration of the posterior column, especially the postero-medial corner. Luo in 2010 introduced the new three-column classification system based on multiplanar computed tomography images. This study was conducted to assess the outcome after internal fixation of tibial plateau fractures involving two or more columns in our centre based on the column specific approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study conducted at our institute, between 2011 and 2016. Total of 183 patients with tibial plateau fractures involving two or more columns were admitted during this study period of which 123 patients were satisfied our inclusion criteria. 8 patients were lost to follow up. Hence 115 patients with tibial plateau fractures involving two or more columns were classified based on the new three column classification system. Dual column fixation (Anterolateral +Anteromedial) was done in 76 patients, (Anterolateral+Posteromedial) fixation in 25 patients and triple column fixation (Anterolateral + Anteromedial + Posteromedial) in 14 patients. Post operatively patients were assessed by Modified Rasmussen functional and radiological scoring system. RESULTS Based on Modified Rasmussen functional scoring system, 73 patients (63.5%) had excellent results, 37 patients (32.2%) had good results and 5 patients (4.3%) had fair results. Based on Modified Rasmussen radiological scoring system, 71 patients (61.7%) had excellent results, 38 patients (33.1%) had good results, 6 patients (5.2%) had fair results. 3 patients had deep infections. CONCLUSION Based on our study, we like to conclude that we had good outcomes utilizing this modern column specific approach to the treatment of these two or more column tibial plateau fracture injuries, which includes assessment of three columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Selvaraj
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Devadoss multispeciality hospital, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Sathish Devadoss
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Devadoss multispeciality hospital, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Devadoss multispeciality hospital, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Gururagavendra
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Devadoss multispeciality hospital, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Devadoss
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Devadoss multispeciality hospital, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
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Shukla A, Rajalakshmi A, Subash K, Jayakumar S, Arul N, Srivastava PK, Eapen A, Krishnan J. Seasonal variations of dengue vector mosquitoes in rural settings of Thiruvarur district in Tamil Nadu, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2020; 57:63-70. [PMID: 33818458 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.308803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Mosquitoes are vectors of several important vector-borne diseases (VBDs) like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis (JE) and lymphatic filariasis (LF). Globally, these VBDs are of major public health concern including India. The information on vector mosquitoes from Thiruvarur district in Tamil Nadu state remains largely either unknown or undocumented. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to find out the seasonal variation in mosquitoes with special reference to dengue vectors in rural areas of Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS Surveillance of immature vector mosquitoes was undertaken from March 2018 to February 2019. The emerged adults were identified to find out the composition of mosquito species prevalent in the district. The seasonal variations of the mosquitoes especially dengue vectors were analysed for summer (March-July) spring (August-November) and winter (December-February) seasons in all the blocks of Thiruvarur district. RESULTS A total of 4879 mosquitoes emerged from the immature collection and the species identification revealed the prevalence of both vector and non-vector species. Five important mosquito vectors collected were -Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. gelidus, and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Other mosquito species collected were Lutzia fuscana, Anopheles barbirostris, An. subpictus, and Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus. During the spring season, the dengue vectors showed high indices of breateau index (BI), ranging from 16 to 120; besides, container index (CI) ranging from14.29 to 68.57 and pupal index (PI) from 53.33 to 295 among the study blocks. The major breeding sites were discarded plastic containers, discarded tyres, open sintex tanks (water storage tanks), cement tanks, discarded fibre box, pleated plastic sheets, tree holes, bamboo cut stumps, coconut spathe, and coconut shells. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The immature vector surveillance revealed seasonal variations in the entomological indices of Aedes breeding potential. The high indices observed indicate high Aedes breeding density and, therefore, a higher risk for dengue/chikungunya outbreaks in rural areas of Thiruvarur district. The present finding warrants intensive surveillance and follow up vector control measures to avert outbreaks and prevent vector-borne diseases. Health education and the community participation in awareness camps prior to monsoon and societal commitment will help in strengthening source reduction, anti-larval operations and anti-adult measures to tackle vector-borne diseases especially dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Shukla
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Rajalakshmi
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Subash
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Arul
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Srivastava
- Visiting Faculty, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur; Division of Entomology & Vector Control, National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Delhi; Director, Absolute Human Care Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Alex Eapen
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research Field Unit, Chennai, India
| | - Jayalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Thangaraju D, Marnadu R, Santhana V, Durairajan A, Kathirvel P, Chandrasekaran J, Jayakumar S, Valente MA, Greenidge DC. Solvent influenced synthesis of single-phase SnS2 nanosheets for solution-processed photodiode fabrication. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of variant high boiling point solvent combinations in the synthesis and photo-sensing characteristics of tin disulfide (SnS2) thin nanosheets were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Thangaraju
- nano-crystal Design and Application Lab (n-DAL)
- Department of Physics
- PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research
- Coimbatore-641062
- India
| | - R. Marnadu
- Department of Physics
- Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science
- Coimbatore 641 020
- India
| | - V. Santhana
- nano-crystal Design and Application Lab (n-DAL)
- Department of Physics
- PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research
- Coimbatore-641062
- India
| | - A. Durairajan
- I3NAveiro
- Department of Physics
- University of Aveiro
- 3810 193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - P. Kathirvel
- Department of Physics
- PSG College of Technology
- Coimbatore-641004
- India
| | - J. Chandrasekaran
- Department of Physics
- Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science
- Coimbatore 641 020
- India
| | - S. Jayakumar
- nano-crystal Design and Application Lab (n-DAL)
- Department of Physics
- PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research
- Coimbatore-641062
- India
| | - M. A. Valente
- I3NAveiro
- Department of Physics
- University of Aveiro
- 3810 193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Darius C. Greenidge
- Shizuoka University
- Office of the Special Advisor to the President
- International Affairs (Geologist/Mineralogist)
- Shizuoka
- Japan
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Arumai Selvan D, Kalilur Rahiman A. Bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane-based heteroscorpionate metal(II) complexes: Theoretical, antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity and c-Met tyrosine kinase studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bernal DR, Dunaway C, C. deMayo, Cao L, Chinnasamy P, Jayakumar S, Sibinga N. The Atypical Cadherin Fat1 Modulates Smooth Muscle Cell Metabolic Plasticity And Limits Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Egaña-Gorroño L, Chinnasamy P, Casimiro I, Almonte VM, Parikh D, Oliveira-Paula GH, Jayakumar S, Law C, Riascos-Bernal DF, Sibinga NES. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 supports macrophage survival and efferocytosis and limits necrosis in atherosclerotic plaques. Atherosclerosis 2019; 289:184-194. [PMID: 31439353 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) has been characterized as a pro-inflammatory molecule expressed primarily in the monocyte/macrophage (MP) lineage and positively associated with various forms of vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. Studies of AIF1 in atherosclerosis have relied on mouse models in which AIF1 was overexpressed in either myeloid or smooth muscle cells, resulting in increased atherosclerotic plaque burden. How physiologic expression of AIF1 contributes to MP biology in atherogenesis is not known. METHODS Effects of global AIF1 deficiency on atherosclerosis were assessed by crossing Aif1-/- and ApoE-/- mice, and provoking hyperlipidemia with high fat diet feeding. Atherosclerotic plaques were studied en face and in cross section. Bone marrow-derived MPs (BMDMs) were isolated from Aif1-/- mice for study in culture. RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaques in Aif1-/-;ApoE-/- mice showed larger necrotic cores compared to those in ApoE-/- animals, without change in overall lesion burden. In vitro, lack of AIF1 reduced BMDM survival, phagocytosis, and efferocytosis. Mechanistically, AIF1 supported activation of the NF-κB pathway and expression of related target genes involved in stress response, inflammation, and apoptosis. Consistent with this in vitro BMDM phenotype, AIF1 deficiency reduced NF-κB pathway activity in vivo and increased apoptotic cell number in atherosclerotic lesions from Aif1-/-;ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings characterize AIF1 as a positive regulator of the NF-κB pathway that supports MP functions such as survival and efferocytosis. In inflammatory settings such as atherosclerosis, these AIF1-dependent activities serve to clear cellular and other debris and limit necrotic core expansion, and may oppose lesion destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Isabel Casimiro
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Vanessa M Almonte
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Dippal Parikh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gustavo H Oliveira-Paula
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Calvin Law
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Rahiman AK. Theoretical, antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitor studies of metal(II) complexes with bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane-based heteroscorpionate ligands. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1620217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jayakumar
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
- Department of Chemistry, Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - D. Mahendiran
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
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Anitha S, Vaideki K, Prabhu S, Jayakumar S. ATR-FTIR analysis on the hydrogen bonding network and glycosidic bond of DC air plasma processed cellulose. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jayakumar S, Borrelli M, Milan Z, Kunst G, Whitaker D. Optimising pain management protocols following cardiac surgery: A protocol for a national quality improvement study. Int J Surg Protoc 2019; 14:1-8. [PMID: 31851755 PMCID: PMC6913568 DOI: 10.1016/j.isjp.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pain is associated with tachyarrhythmias, shallow breathing and poor recovery. Our protocol was effective at reducing post-cardiac surgery pain in a single centre. It consists of pre-operative gabapentin and dividing patients based on risk of pain. High-risk group receive PCA along with paracetamol and codeine given to all patients. Centres will undertake a baseline audit, then implement a protocol and re-audit pain.
Pain following cardiac surgery is a multifaceted phenomenon resulting from a number of mechanisms. High-levels of post-operative pain are associated with cardiovascular and respiratory complications and adequate pain management is crucial for enabling fast recovery. However, adequate pain control is complex, a challenge that stems from a combination of poor reporting of pain, significant variation amongst patients and the side-effects of strong, particularly opioid, analgesics. An initial audit at our hospital demonstrated high-levels of post-operative pain following cardiac surgery and a protocol was therefore devised by the anaesthetic department for cardiac surgical pain management. The protocol stratified patients into high- or low-risk of pain based on the presence of risk factors for pain and utilised a combination of pre-operative one-off dose of gabapentin, intra-operative opioid infusion and post-operative multimodal analgesia with paracetamol, weak and strong opioids. Additionally, patients at high-risk of pain also received patient controlled analgesia. Use of this protocol was associated with improved pain scores on the first three post-operative days. We have devised this study to test for reproducibility of the benefit experienced at our hospital at a larger multicentre level. After acquiring pre-existing post-operative pain management strategies through an initial survey, local study leads will undertake a baseline audit. Local study leads will then lead a 4-week period of protocol implementation. Trusts with official pain management protocols will be given the option to re-circulate their pre-existing protocols. Subsequently, pain scores during post-operative days 1–3 will be re-audited.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jayakumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - M Borrelli
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Z Milan
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - G Kunst
- Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - D Whitaker
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
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Charette J, Mohamed R, Andrews CN, Vaughan S, Larios O, Jayakumar S. A207 SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS SECONDARY TO DISSEMINATED VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS: A CASE REPORT. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Charette
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R Mohamed
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C N Andrews
- Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Vaughan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - O Larios
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Jayakumar
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Nardini M, Naruka V, Jayakumar S, Calvert R, Migliore M, Elsaegh M, Dunning J. V-013MICROLOBECTOMY: A NOVEL VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACIC SURGICAL APPROACH. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ulagendran V, Balu P, Kannappan V, Kumar R, Jayakumar S. Influence of fused aromatic ring on the stability of charge transfer complex between iodine and some five membered heterocyclic molecules through ultrasonic and spectral studies. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dash S, Singh A, Bhatia AK, Jayakumar S, Sharma A, Singh S, Ganguly I, Dixit SP. Evaluation of Bovine High-Density SNP Genotyping Array in Indigenous Dairy Cattle Breeds. Anim Biotechnol 2017. [PMID: 28636460 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1329150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In total 52 samples of Sahiwal ( 19 ), Tharparkar ( 17 ), and Gir ( 16 ) were genotyped by using BovineHD SNP chip to analyze minor allele frequency (MAF), genetic diversity, and linkage disequilibrium among these cattle. The common SNPs of BovineHD and 54K SNP Chips were also extracted and evaluated for their performance. Only 40%-50% SNPs of these arrays was found informative for genetic analysis in these cattle breeds. The overall mean of MAF for SNPs of BovineHD SNPChip was 0.248 ± 0.006, 0.241 ± 0.007, and 0.242 ± 0.009 in Sahiwal, Tharparkar and Gir, respectively, while that for 54K SNPs was on lower side. The average Reynold's genetic distance between breeds ranged from 0.042 to 0.055 based on BovineHD Beadchip, and from 0.052 to 0.084 based on 54K SNP Chip. The estimates of genetic diversity based on HD and 54K chips were almost same and, hence, low density chip seems to be good enough to decipher genetic diversity of these cattle breeds. The linkage disequilibrium started decaying (r2 < 0.2) at 140 kb inter-marker distance and, hence, a 20K low density customized SNP array from HD chip could be designed for genomic selection in these cattle else the 54K Bead Chip as such will be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dash
- a ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - A Singh
- a ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - A K Bhatia
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - S Jayakumar
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - A Sharma
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - S Singh
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - I Ganguly
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
| | - S P Dixit
- b ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources , Karnal , Haryana , India
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Rehana D, Kalilur Rahiman A. Heteroleptic metal(II) complexes of hydrotris(methimazolyl)borate and diimines: Synthesis, theoretical calculations, antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity and molecular docking studies. Microb Pathog 2017; 109:120-130. [PMID: 28546116 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of heteroleptic metal(II) complexes of formulation [M(Tm)(diimine)](ClO4) (1-8), [Tm = hydrotris(methimazolyl)borate, diimine = 2,2'-bipyridyl or 1,10-phenanthroline and M = Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Zn(II)] have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods. The geometric parameters of the complexes were determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The analyses of HOMO and LUMO have been used to explain the charge transfer within the molecule. Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized heteroleptic complexes were evaluated against two Gram (-ve) (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and two Gram (+ve) (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial, and three fungal (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei) strains with respect to the standard drugs erythromycin and amphotericin-B. The copper(II) complex 6 showed better scavenging activity against DPPH when compared to other complexes. The cytotoxic activity of copper(II) complexes 5 and 6 against MCF-7 cell line was assessed by MTT assay, which showed exponential responses toward increasing concentration of complexes. In the molecular docking studies, the complexes showed π-π, σ-π, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals and electrostatic interactions with FGFR kinase receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jayakumar
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India; Department of Chemistry, Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering College, Thoraipakkam, Chennai 600 097, India
| | - D Mahendiran
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India
| | - Dilaveez Rehana
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India; Department of Chemistry, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai 600 018, India
| | - A Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India.
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Viswanathan V, Velmurugan D, Kalilur Rahiman A. Heteroscorpionate‐based heteroleptic copper(II) complexes: Antioxidant, molecular docking and
in vitro
cytotoxicity studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jayakumar
- Post‐Graduate and Research Department of ChemistryThe New College (Autonomous) Chennai 600 014 India
- Department of ChemistryMisrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering College Thoraipakkam, Chennai 600 097 India
| | - D. Mahendiran
- Post‐Graduate and Research Department of ChemistryThe New College (Autonomous) Chennai 600 014 India
| | - V. Viswanathan
- CAS in Crystallography and BiophysicsUniversity of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India
| | - D. Velmurugan
- CAS in Crystallography and BiophysicsUniversity of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025 India
| | - A. Kalilur Rahiman
- Post‐Graduate and Research Department of ChemistryThe New College (Autonomous) Chennai 600 014 India
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Almonte V, Wunimenghe O, Riascos-Bernal DF, Chinnasamy P, Jayakumar S, Sibinga NE. Abstract 458: Role of Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor in Graft Vascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart and kidney transplants are effective treatments for end-stage organ failure, but their long-term success is limited by graft vascular disease (GVD), the leading cause of solid organ transplant failure. This process manifests as concentric thickening of vessel walls due to neointimal hyperplasia in the donor organ, characterized by expansion of cells, notably smooth muscle-like cells (SMLCs) and macrophages (MPs), which accumulate, proliferate, and eventually occlude the lumen of arteries. Our lab recently reported that loss of colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) expression in either donor or recipient mice limits GVD, and showed that SMLCs isolated from neointimal lesions express high levels of CSF1 and its receptor, CSF1R. While CSF1-mediated activation of CSF1R has been studied extensively in MP biology, its role in SMLCs and GVD has not been well characterized. We hypothesize that CSF1R activation in neointimal MPs and SMCs occurs after organ transplantation and promotes the development of GVD.
To test this idea, carotid arteries from 8-12 week old C57/B6J male mice were transplanted orthotopically into female or male mice. At day 30 post transplantation, sex-mismatched transplants developed significant neointimal lesions not seen in sex-matched controls. Neointimal, adventitial, and to a lesser extent medial cells were positive for CSF1R and CD68, which were scarcely detected in control untransplanted arteries. Cells in the media of transplanted vessels co-stained for smooth muscle alpha actin (SMA) and calponin. SMA-positive cells were found in neointimal lesions, with few cells co-expressing calponin. Proliferation, assessed by Phospho-histone H3 staining, was evident in cells of uncertain origin in the media and neointima. In conclusion, H-Y antigen-driven histoincompatibility in this mouse transplant model yielded vascular lesions that resemble GVD, with significant neointima formation, preservation of medial cells, and evidence of CSF1R expression and of cell proliferation. Future studies will focus on lineage tracing of smooth muscle and myeloid cells to evaluate neointimal cell origins, plus genetic depletion of CSF1R in these cell lineages to determine the requirement for CSF1R expression in the development of GVD.
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Riascos-Bernal DF, Chinnasamy P, Gross JN, Almonte V, Egaña-Gorroño L, Parikh D, Jayakumar S, Guo L, Sibinga NES. Inhibition of Smooth Muscle β-Catenin Hinders Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:879-888. [PMID: 28302627 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to neointima formation after vascular injury. Although β-catenin expression is induced after injury, whether its function is essential in SMCs for neointimal growth is unknown. Moreover, although inhibitors of β-catenin have been developed, their effects on SMC growth have not been tested. We assessed the requirement for SMC β-catenin in short-term vascular homeostasis and in response to arterial injury and investigated the effects of β-catenin inhibitors on vascular SMC growth. APPROACH AND RESULTS We used an inducible, conditional genetic deletion of β-catenin in SMCs of adult mice. Uninjured arteries from adult mice lacking SMC β-catenin were indistinguishable from controls in terms of structure and SMC marker gene expression. After carotid artery ligation, however, vessels from mice lacking SMC β-catenin developed smaller neointimas, with lower neointimal cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. SMCs lacking β-catenin showed decreased mRNA expression of Mmp2, Mmp9, Sphk1, and S1pr1 (genes that promote neointima formation), higher levels of Jag1 and Gja1 (genes that inhibit neointima formation), decreased Mmp2 protein expression and secretion, and reduced cell invasion in vitro. Moreover, β-catenin inhibitors PKF118-310 and ICG-001 limited growth of mouse and human vascular SMCs in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS SMC β-catenin is dispensable for maintenance of the structure and state of differentiation of uninjured adult arteries, but is required for neointima formation after vascular injury. Pharmacological β-catenin inhibitors hinder growth of human vascular SMCs. Thus, inhibiting β-catenin has potential as a therapy to limit SMC accumulation and vascular obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F Riascos-Bernal
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Prameladevi Chinnasamy
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Jordana N Gross
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Vanessa Almonte
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Dippal Parikh
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Smitha Jayakumar
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Liang Guo
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.)
| | - Nicholas E S Sibinga
- From the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), and Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (D.F.R.-B., P.C., J.N.G., V.A., L.E.-G., D.P., S.J., N.E.S.S.); and CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (L.G.).
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan KN, Jayakumar S, Devanand B. Assessment of Regional Pediatric Computed Tomography Dose Indices in Tamil Nadu. J Med Phys 2017; 42:48-54. [PMID: 28405108 PMCID: PMC5370338 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.202425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to assess Tamil Nadu pediatric computed tomography (CT) diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) by collecting radiation dose data for the most commonly performed CT examinations. This work was performed for thirty CT scanners installed in various parts of the Tamil Nadu region. The patient cohort was divided into two age groups: <1 year, and 1-5 years. CT dose indices were measured using a 10 cm3 pencil ion chamber with pediatric head and body polymethyl methacrylate phantoms. Dose data such as volumetric CT dose index (CTDIv) and dose length product (DLP) on a minimum of twenty average-sized pediatric patients in each category were recorded to calculate a mean site CTDIv and DLP value. The rounded 75th percentile was used to calculate a pediatric DRL for each hospital, and then region by compiling all results. Data were collected for 3600 pediatric patients. Pediatric CT DRL for two age groups: <1 year (CTDIv and DLP of head [20 mGy, 352 mGy.cm], chest [7 mGy, 120 mGy.cm] and abdomen [12 mGy, 252 mGy.cm]), and 1-5 years (CTDIv and DLP of head [38 mGy, 505 mGy.cm], chest [8 mGy, 132 mGy.cm] and abdomen [14 mGy, 270 mGy.cm]) for select procedures have been calculated. Proposed pediatric DRLs of CTDIv and DLP for head procedure were lower, and for chest and abdomen procedures were higher than European pediatric DRLs for both age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Saravanakumar
- Department of Radiology, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Vaideki
- Department of Applied Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. N. Govindarajan
- Department of Medical Physics, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Devanand
- Department of Radiology, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Manimaran S, Jayakumar S, Lakshmi KB. An education management information system with simultaneous monitoring of stress stimulators for students Mental Health management. Technol Health Care 2016; 24:889-897. [PMID: 27689552 DOI: 10.3233/thc-161250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a widely acceptable and developing technology within the Information Technology field. The advancement in technology in this century is being collaborated with scientific invention or explorer and information strengthening or development. This paper presents the results and experiences gained from applying students oriented EMIS for monitoring and managing mental health. The Mental Health of students depends on the acquiring adequate knowledge on basic concepts within a time period or academic schedule. It's obviously significance to evaluate and appraise the stress stimulators as a challenge or threat. The theoretical framework for the study was designed for analyzing the stress stimulators, academic performance and EMIS accessibility. The sample examined in this study was stratified random sample from 75 students specifically all engineering college in Dindigul District of Tamilnadu. The primary factor is the academic stress stimulators that form one module of EMIS for each of the key variable such as curriculum & instruction related stressors, placement related, teamwork related and assessment related. The Mental Health related stress stimulators namely curriculum & syllabus, placement related, assessment related and team work related have a significant influence on academic performance by students in various institution. The important factor leading to the EMIS application in monitoring stress stimulators is curriculum & syllabus related and assessment related.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Manimaran
- Department of Management Studies, PSNACET, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Computer Application, PSNACET, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Bhagya Lakshmi
- Department of Management Studies, PSNACET, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan K, Devanand B, Jayakumar S, Sharma S. Establishment of CT diagnostic reference levels in select procedures in South India. INT J RADIAT RES 2016. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.14.4.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Srinivasan T, Mohanraj G, Kalilur Rahiman A. Theoretical investigation, biological evaluation and VEGFR2 kinase studies of metal(II) complexes derived from hydrotris(methimazolyl)borate. J Photochem Photobiol B 2015; 155:66-77. [PMID: 26735002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of soft tripodal scorpionate ligand, sodium hydrotris(methimazolyl)borate with M(ClO4)2·6H2O [MMn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Zn(II)] in methanol leads to the cleavage of B-N bond followed by the formation of complexes of the type [M(MeimzH)4](ClO4)2·H2O (1-4), where MeimzH=methimazole. All the complexes were fully characterized by spectro-analytical techniques. The molecular structure of the zinc(II) complex (4) was determined by X-ray crystallography, which supports the observed deboronation reaction in the scorpionate ligand with tetrahedral geometry around zinc(II) ion. The electronic spectra of complexes suggested tetrahedral geometry for manganese(II) and nickel(II) complexes, and square-planar geometry for copper(II) complex. Frontier molecular orbital analysis (HOMO-LUMO) was carried out by B3LYP/6-31G(d) to understand the charge transfer occurring in the molecules. All the complexes exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against Gram (-ve) and Gram (+ve) bacterial as well as fungal strains, which are quite comparable to standard drugs streptomycin and clotrimazole. The copper(II) complex (3) showed excellent free radical scavenging activity against DPPH in all concentration with IC50 value of 30μg/mL, when compared to the other complexes. In the molecular docking studies, all the complexes showed hydrophobic, π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions with BSA. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes against human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells was assessed by MTT assay, which showed exponential responses toward increasing concentration of complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jayakumar
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India
| | - D Mahendiran
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India
| | - T Srinivasan
- Department of Physics, Vel Tech University, Chennai 600 062, India
| | - G Mohanraj
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600 030, India
| | - A Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India.
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan KN, Jayakumar S, Devanand B. Cost-effective pediatric head and body phantoms for computed tomography dosimetry and its evaluation using pencil ion chamber and CT dose profiler. J Med Phys 2015; 40:170-5. [PMID: 26500404 PMCID: PMC4594387 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.165073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a pediatric head and body phantom was fabricated using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) at a low cost when compared to commercially available phantoms for the purpose of computed tomography (CT) dosimetry. The dimensions of head and body phantoms were 10 cm diameter, 15 cm length and 16 cm diameter, 15 cm length, respectively. The dose from a 128-slice CT machine received by the head and body phantom at the center and periphery were measured using a 100 mm pencil ion chamber and 150 mm CT dose profiler (CTDP). Using these values, the weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIw) and in turn the volumetric CTDI (CTDIv) were calculated for various combinations of tube voltage and current-time product. A similar study was carried out using standard calibrated phantom and the results have been compared with the fabricated ones to ascertain that the performance of the latter is equivalent to that of the former. Finally, CTDIv measured using fabricated and standard phantoms were compared with respective values displayed on the console. The difference between the values was well within the limits specified by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), India. These results indicate that the cost-effective pediatric phantom can be employed for CT dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanakumar
- Department of Applied Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - K Vaideki
- Department of Applied Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Devanand
- Department of Radiology, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, India
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan KN, Jayakumar S, Devanand B. Estimation of dose reference levels in computed tomography for select procedures in Kerala, India. J Med Phys 2015; 40:115-9. [PMID: 26170559 PMCID: PMC4478645 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.158701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanakumar
- Department of Applied Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Vaideki
- Department of Applied Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K N Govindarajan
- Department of Medical Physics, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Devanand
- Department of Radiology, PSG Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ravichandran V, Jayakumar S. Effect of Mutagens on Quantitative Characters in M<sub>2</sub> and M<sub>3</sub> Generation of Sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.). ILNS 2015. [DOI: 10.56431/p-46x24a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The mutagenic effects of different dose/concentrations of gamma rays (30, 40 and 50 KR) and ethyl methane sulphonate (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM) on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties VRI-1 were investigated. The characters studied include; days to first flower, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant in M2 and M3 generations. Both negative and positive shifts in mean values were recorded as a result of the physical and chemical treatments. The results indicate the possibilities of evolving higher yield variants through proper selection. Thus, economic traits like number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule and hundred seed weight in M3 generation offer scope for selection and improvement.
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Abstract
The mutagenic effects of different dose/concentrations of gamma rays (30, 40 and 50 KR) and ethyl methane sulphonate (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM) on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties VRI-1 were investigated. The characters studied include; days to first flower, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant in M2 and M3 generations. Both negative and positive shifts in mean values were recorded as a result of the physical and chemical treatments. The results indicate the possibilities of evolving higher yield variants through proper selection. Thus, economic traits like number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule and hundred seed weight in M3 generation offer scope for selection and improvement.
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Singh LV, Jayakumar S, Sharma A, Gupta SK, Dixit SP, Gupta N, Gupta SC. Comparative screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms in β-casein and κ-casein gene in different livestock breeds of India. Meta Gene 2015; 4:85-91. [PMID: 25905036 PMCID: PMC4401812 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The most polymorphic milk protein gene is β-casein; 13 protein variants are known in cattle. Milk protein genetic polymorphism has received considerable research interest in recent years because of possible associations between milk protein and economically important traits in livestock. The present study was undertaken to explore the genetic polymorphisms in exon 7 of β-casein and exon 4 of κ-casein genes in Arunachali yaks (Bos grunniens), Sahiwal (Bos indicus) cattle, malpura sheep (Ovis aries) and Gaddi goat (Capra hircus). Results of the study revealed presence of 11 SNP variants in all livestock species. Four SNPs were observed in Bos indicus; two SNPs in Bos grunniens; three SNPs in Ovis aries and three SNPs in Capra hircus. These variations are found to be synonymous in nature as these variations do not result in their corresponding amino acids. A total of five polymorphic sites have been described at the κ-casein (CSN3) locus in the Indian domestic Gaddi goat (Capra hircus) when compared with exotic goat (X60763) while sequence analysis of κ-casein gene in sheep showed three novel nucleotide changes in malpura sheep when compared with the exotic sheep (AY237637). These results highlight the importance of taking into consideration the CSN3 SNPs when performing selection for milk composition in dairy livestock breeds. This is first comparative sequence analysis of Beta casein and kappa casein genes in different livestock breeds of India. Total 11 SNPs variants were found in all livestock species studied, namely, Bos indicus, Bos grunniens, Ovis aries and Capra hircus. Four SNPs were observed in Bos indicus; two SNPs in Bos grunniens; three SNPs in Ovis aries and three SNPs in Capra hircus. Homology of 99% with Bos taurus and Bos indicus, 97% with Bubalus bubaline, 99% with Bos grunniens, 95% with Ovis aries, 95% with Capra hircus. Sequence analysis of κ-casein gene in sheep showed three novel nucleotide changes in malpura sheep when compared with the exotic sheep (AY237637).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshya Veer Singh
- DNA Fingerprinting Unit, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, India ; Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- DNA Fingerprinting Unit, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Anurodh Sharma
- DNA Fingerprinting Unit, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Shishir Kumar Gupta
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - S P Dixit
- DNA Fingerprinting Unit, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, India
| | | | - S C Gupta
- Krishi Bhawan, ICAR, New Delhi, India
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Thakur B, Jayakumar S, Sawant SN. Probing extracellular acidity of live cells in real time for cancer detection and monitoring anti-cancer drug activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7015-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01445j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional platform is presented which (a) allows determination of extracellular pH in real time, (b) detects cancer cells, down to 5 cells, and (c) enables evaluating the efficacy of glycolysis inhibiting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Jayakumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
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Iquebal MA, Ansari MS, Sarika, Dixit SP, Verma NK, Aggarwal RAK, Jayakumar S, Rai A, Kumar D. Locus minimization in breed prediction using artificial neural network approach. Anim Genet 2014; 45:898-902. [PMID: 25183434 DOI: 10.1111/age.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular markers, viz. microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms, have revolutionized breed identification through the use of small samples of biological tissue or germplasm, such as blood, carcass samples, embryos, ova and semen, that show no evident phenotype. Classical tools of molecular data analysis for breed identification have limitations, such as the unavailability of referral breed data, causing increased cost of collection each time, compromised computational accuracy and complexity of the methodology used. We report here the successful use of an artificial neural network (ANN) in background to decrease the cost of genotyping by locus minimization. The webserver is freely accessible (http://nabg.iasri.res.in/bisgoat) to the research community. We demonstrate that the machine learning (ANN) approach for breed identification is capable of multifold advantages such as locus minimization, leading to a drastic reduction in cost, and web availability of reference breed data, alleviating the need for repeated genotyping each time one investigates the identity of an unknown breed. To develop this model web implementation based on ANN, we used 51,850 samples of allelic data of microsatellite-marker-based DNA fingerprinting on 25 loci covering 22 registered goat breeds of India for training. Minimizing loci to up to nine loci through the use of a multilayer perceptron model, we achieved 96.63% training accuracy. This server can be an indispensable tool for identification of existing breeds and new synthetic commercial breeds, leading to protection of intellectual property in case of sovereignty and bio-piracy disputes. This server can be widely used as a model for cost reduction by locus minimization for various other flora and fauna in terms of variety, breed and/or line identification, especially in conservation and improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Bhilwade HN, Jayakumar S, Chaubey R. Age-dependent changes in spontaneous frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in bone marrow and DNA damage in peripheral blood of Swiss mice. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2014; 770:80-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sharma A, Dutt G, Jayakumar S, Saroha V, Dixit S. Sequence characterization and genetic variability analysis of GHR, IGF1, and IGFBP-3 genes in nine Indian goat breeds. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.875899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Azhagiri S, Jayakumar S, Gunasekaran S, Srinivasan S. Molecular structure, Mulliken charge, frontier molecular orbital and first hyperpolarizability analysis on 2-nitroaniline and 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline using density functional theory. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 124:199-202. [PMID: 24486787 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we made an attempt to calculate the energy gap, molecular dipole moment and first hyperpolarizability of 2-nitroaniline (2NA) and 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline (4M2N) with a basis set 6-31G (d, p) function has been employed at density functional theory (DFT) methods. Geometry optimizations was carried out with DFT-B3LYP/6-31G (d, p), the results have revealed that intramolecular hydrogen bonding present in both the molecular system. We analyzed the energy gap, molecular dipole moment and hyperpolarizability changes due to substitution effect of the methoxy group in 2NA molecule. It is confirmed that strong electron acceptor and donor groups in a material yield higher NLO response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Azhagiri
- Department of Physics, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai 600005, TN, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics, RKM Vivekananda College, Chennai 600004, TN, India
| | - S Gunasekaran
- Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's, Chennai 600030, TN, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Physics, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai 600005, TN, India.
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan KN, Jayakumar S. Establishment of diagnostic reference levels in computed tomography for select procedures in Pudhuchery, India. J Med Phys 2014; 39:50-5. [PMID: 24600173 PMCID: PMC3931229 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.125509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scanner under operating conditions has become a major source of human exposure to diagnostic X-rays. In this context, weighed CT dose index (CTDIw), volumetric CT dose index (CTDIv), and dose length product (DLP) are important parameter to assess procedures in CT imaging as surrogate dose quantities for patient dose optimization. The current work aims to estimate the existing dose level of CT scanner for head, chest, and abdomen procedures in Pudhuchery in south India and establish dose reference level (DRL) for the region. The study was carried out for six CT scanners in six different radiology departments using 100 mm long pencil ionization chamber and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) phantom. From each CT scanner, data pertaining to patient and machine details were collected for 50 head, 50 chest, and 50 abdomen procedures performed over a period of 1 year. The experimental work was carried out using the machine operating parameters used during the procedures. Initially, dose received in the phantom at the center and periphery was measured by five point method. Using these values CTDIw, CTDIv, and DLP were calculated. The DRL is established based on the third quartile value of CTDIv and DLP which is 32 mGy and 925 mGy.cm for head, 12 mGy and 456 mGy.cm for chest, and 16 mGy and 482 mGy.cm for abdomen procedures. These values are well below European Commission Dose Reference Level (EC DRL) and comparable with the third quartile value reported for Tamil Nadu region in India. The present study is the first of its kind to determine the DRL for scanners operating in the Pudhuchery region. Similar studies in other regions of India are necessary in order to establish a National Dose Reference Level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanakumar
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Vaideki
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K N Govindarajan
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayakumar
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saravanakumar A, Vaideki K, Govindarajan K, Jayakumar S. Development of indigenous cost effective pediatric head and body computed tomography dose index (CTDI) phantom for pediatric CT dose measurement. Phys Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.07.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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