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Li X, Liu Y, Wu G, Lie Z, Sheng H, Aguila LCR, Khan MS, Liu X, Zhou S, Wu T, Xu W, Liu J. Mixed plantations do not necessarily provide higher ecosystem multifunctionality than monoculture plantations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:170156. [PMID: 38219692 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Forest stand transformation is a crucial strategy for enhancing the productivity and stability of planted forest ecosystems and maximizing their ecosystem functions. However, understanding forest ecosystem multifunctionality responses to various stand transformation methods remains limited. In this study, we assessed ecosystem multifunctionality, encompassing nutrient cycling, carbon stocks, water regulation, decomposition, wood production, and symbiosis, under different stand transformation methods (Chinese fir monoculture, mixed conifer and broad-leaf, broad-leaf mixed, and secondary forests). We also identified key factors contributing to variations in ecosystem multifunctionality. The results showed that Chinese fir plantations were more conducive to carbon stock creation, while broad-leaved mixed plantations excelled in water regulation. Secondary forests exhibited higher ecosystem multifunctionality than other plantation types, with Chinese fir plantations displaying the highest multifunctionality, significantly surpassing mixed coniferous and broad-leaved plantations. Our findings further revealed that soil nutrients and plant diversity have significant impacts on ecosystem multifunctionality. In summary, stand transformation profoundly influences ecosystem multifunctionality, and mixed plantations do not necessarily provide higher ecosystem multifunctionality than monoculture plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guopeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyang Lie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Han Sheng
- College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Muhammmad Sadiq Khan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyidan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Sun D, Huang Y, Wang Z, Tang X, Ye W, Cao H, Shen H. Soil microbial community structure, function and network along a mangrove forest restoration chronosequence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169704. [PMID: 38163592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mangrove forests have high ecological, social and economic values, but due to environmental changes and human activities, natural mangrove forests have experienced serious degradations and reductions in distribution area worldwide. In the coastal zones of southern China, an introduced mangrove species, Sonneratia apetala, has been extensively used for mangrove restoration because of its rapid growth and strong environmental adaptability. However, little is known about how soil microorganisms vary with the restoration stages of the afforested mangrove forests. Here, we examined the changes in soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass, community structure and function, and network in three afforested S. apetala forests with restoration time of 7, 12, and 18 years and compared them with a bare flat and a 60-year-old natural Kandelia obovata forest in a mangrove nature reserve. Our results showed that the contents of soil salinity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and microbial biomass increased, while soil pH and bacterial alpha diversity decreased with afforestation age. Soil microbial community structure was significantly affected by soil salinity, organic carbon, pH, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available kalium, and susceptibility to environmental factors was more pronounced in bacterial than fungal community structure. The relative abundances of aerobic chemoheterotrophy were significantly higher in 12- and 18-year-old S. apetala than in K. obovata forest, while that of sulfate-reducing bacteria showed a decreasing trend with afforestation age. The abundance of dung saprotroph was significantly higher in 12- and 18-year-old S. apetala forests than in the natural forest. With the increasing afforestation age, the modularity of microbial networks increased, while stability and robustness decreased. Our results suggest that planting S. apetala contributes to improving soil fertility and microbial biomass but may make soil microbial networks more vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangge Sun
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhangming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xuli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wanhui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honglin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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3
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Ma Z, Wu Y, Cui Y, Pan Y, Zhao S, Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhang M. Coastal distribution and driving factors for blue carbon fractions in the surface soil of a warm-temperate salt marsh in China. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141044. [PMID: 38158084 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of blue carbon (BC) sequestration can not only contribute to a better elucidation of global carbon cycle processes but can also lay the foundation for the incorporation of BC ecosystems into regional and global carbon offset schemes. In this study, the surface soils of seven plots along a landward to seaward distance gradient were analyzed for the concentrations and stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil inorganic carbon (SIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), as well as soil physical (bulk density, texture, moisture), chemical (pH, electrical conductivity), and microbiological (phospholipid fatty acid) properties in the coastal wetlands. Correlation, variation partition and random forest (RF) analyses were used to identify key variables correlating with BC fraction distribution patterns. The results suggested that SIC, DIC, and DOC, exhibited similar landward-increasing trends but the driving factors were distinct from each other. Based on correlation and RF analysis, both SIC and DIC were closely related to soil moisture and clay contents, but microbial indicators of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and actinomycete, were found to be associated with SIC, and abiotic properties played less important but still substantial roles in predicting DIC dynamics. In contrast with the other three investigated BC fractions, SOC showed a slight tendency toward enrichment in the seaward direction, and SIC was identified as the main driving factor. DOC showed no significant correlations with the other BC fractions, and its variation could not be explained well by the selected edaphic parameters. The soils in the YRD's tidal Suaeda salsa salt marshes showed a significant negative coupled SOC-SIC correlation, which was potentially related to divergent sedimentary processes and potential biotransformation between SOC and SIC. These results highlight the importance of integrating multiple BC fractions and their interactions into attempts to explore key mechanisms of BC cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Ma
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yueyan Pan
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiakai Liu
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Zhang S, Fan D, Wu J, Zhang X, Zhuang X, Kong W. The interaction of climate, plant, and soil factors drives putative soil fungal pathogen diversity and community structure in dry grasslands. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13223. [PMID: 38124298 PMCID: PMC10866062 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil pathogens play important roles in shaping soil microbial diversity and controlling ecosystem functions. Though climate and local environmental factors and their influences on fungal pathogen communities have been examined separately, few studies explore the relative contributions of these factors. This is particularly crucial in eco-fragile regions, which are more sensitive to environmental changes. Herein we investigated the diversity and community structure of putative soil fungal pathogens in cold and dry grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau, using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that steppe soils had the highest diversity of all pathogens and plant pathogens; contrastingly, meadow soils had the highest animal pathogen diversity. Structural equation modelling revealed that climate, plant, and soil had similar levels of influence on putative soil fungal pathogen diversity, with total effects ranging from 52% to 59% (all p < 0.001), with precipitation exhibiting a stronger direct effect than plant and soil factors. Putative soil fungal pathogen community structure gradually changed with desert, steppe, and meadow, and was primarily controlled by the interactions of climate, plant, and soil factors rather than by distinct factors individually. This finding contrasts with most studies of soil bacterial and fungal community structure, which generally report dominant roles of individual environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dandan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianshuang Wu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xianzhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuliang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Weidong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesCapital Normal UniversityBeijingChina
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Ma Z, Zhao S, Pan Y, Li Z, Liu J, Zhang M, Zhang Z. Natural and regenerated saltmarshes exhibit different bulk soil and aggregate-associated organic and inorganic carbon contents but similar total carbon contents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119451. [PMID: 37944315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Saltmarshes are considered to be one of the planet's most efficient carbon sinks. The continued loss of saltmarshes and induced ecological consequences promoted their restoration worldwide. Previous efforts aimed to evaluate the success of restoration in terms of organic carbon accumulation, but inorganic carbon and carbon contents within soil aggregates, which are essential for making a comprehensive assessment of the carbon sink function, were rarely studied. To fill this gap, a range of metrics including bulk and aggregate-associated soil organic and inorganic carbon contents together with the soil's physical, chemical and microbiological parameters were measured to compare natural and a 15-year restoration effort in saltmarsh habitats within the Yellow River Delta region in eastern China. The results showed that regenerated saltmarsh exhibited significantly higher soil organic carbon (SOC) contents but significantly lower soil inorganic carbon contents, resulting in no notable change in total carbon contents between the regenerated and natural saltmarshes. SOC contents within the silt and clay fractions and their contribution to the bulk SOC contents were significantly lower in the regenerated saltmarsh than those in the natural ones (P < 0.05). In regenerated saltmarsh, significantly lower soil microbial biomass and distinct microbial community composition with reduced Gram-negative to Gram-positive bacteria ratios were observed compared to natural saltmarsh. These findings indicate the stability of SOC fraction and soil microbe-mediated carbon biogeochemical processes differed between naturally occurring and artificially regenerated saltmarshes. As interest in blue carbon programs gains global attention, further research on the generation and transformation processes of different carbon fractions during restoration are needed, which can be conducive to elucidating more details in coastal carbon cycling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Ma
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yueyan Pan
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiakai Liu
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Qu Q, Xu J, Kang W, Feng R, Hu X. Ensemble learning model identifies adaptation classification and turning points of river microbial communities in response to heatwaves. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6988-7000. [PMID: 37847144 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Heatwaves are a global issue that threaten microbial populations and deteriorate ecosystems. However, how river microbial communities respond to heatwaves and whether and how high temperatures exceed microbial adaptation remain unclear. In this study, we proposed four types of pulse temperature-induced microbial responses and predicted the possibility of microbial adaptation to high temperature in global rivers using ensemble machine learning models. Our findings suggest that microbial communities in parts of South American (e.g., Brazil and Chile) and Southeast Asian (e.g., Vietnam) countries are likely to change due to heatwave disturbance from 25 to 37°C for consecutive days. Furthermore, the microbial communities in approximately 48.4% of the global river gauge stations are prone to fast stress inadaptation, with approximately 76.9% of these stations expected to exceed microbial adaptation after heatwave disturbances. If emissions of particulate matter with sizes not more than 2.5 μm (PM2.5, an indicator of human activities) increase by twofold, the number of global rivers associated with the fast stress adaptation type will decrease by ~13.7% after heatwave disturbances. Understanding microbial responses is crucially important for effective ecosystem management, especially for fragile and sensitive rivers facing heatwave events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weilu Kang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruihong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Joseph N, Loganathan J, Jangid K, Nair S. Spatiotemporal variation of microbial communities in surficial sediments of Cochin estuary, southwest coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1440. [PMID: 37946004 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play a major role in the degradation of organic matter in sediments. However, the spatiotemporal variation and factors affecting these communities are not clearly understood. At the same time, conventional hydrographic and geochemical parameters do not offer an accurate assessment of transitional ecosystems. PLFA biomarkers which are specific to different taxonomic groups of microorganisms are able to provide a detailed assessment of the community composition in an environment and reflect a more direct assessment of the biological health of transitional ecosystems. We, therefore, conducted a comparison of PLFA biomarkers at four stations (Barmouth, B; Vaduthala, V; Munambam, M; and Arookutty, A) during three seasons (pre-monsoon, PRE; monsoon, MON; and post-monsoon, POST) in the Cochin estuary (CE). Each of the stations represented either a reference point (B), high pollution (V), high salinity (M), or low pollution (A). The communities determined using PLFA profiles could be categorized into six major groups with each group capable of reflecting the state of the ecosystem which correlated with the conventional parameters. The six groups were: G + ve Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and G-ve anaerobes (G-I), G-ve aerobic prokaryotes (G-II), ectomycorrhizal fungi (G-III), arbuscular mycorrhizae (G-IV), type-I methanotrophs (G-V), and microeukaryotes (G-VI). The prokaryotes were predominant in sediments amounting to over 78% of the total PLFAs detected, followed by the microeukaryotes. The freshwater-influenced stations were partially anaerobic in nature during PRE and MON and were mainly affected by both marine and terrestrial organic matter inputs, at times prominent in sewage matter. During POST season, CE behaves uniformly, especially in station M. Salinity and DO of BW and texture and organic matter of the sediment were the driving forces for microbial community structure. The reduced presence of cyclopropane fatty acids suggested that the CE was not under any stress during the study period. Our results using PLFA-based community profiling not only provide the fundamental information required to quickly access the impact of stress and other environmental inputs on the CE but also offer a more robust and realistic assessment of the nature of microbial communities in the ecosystem. A periodic and systemic assessment of PLFA profiles at these stations in CE throughout the year will enable the generation of enough metadata enabling a better understanding of this ecosystem and its efficient management in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetha Joseph
- National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), NCCS, Sai Trinity Complex, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021, India.
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, RC, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India.
| | - Jagadeesan Loganathan
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, RC, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530017, India
| | - Kamlesh Jangid
- Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India
| | - Shanta Nair
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Panaji, Goa, 403004, India
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Li W, Liu Y, Guo Z, Li Y, Hou Y, Long Y, Lei M, Guo Y, Nie X, Li Z. Divergent control and variation in bacterial and fungal necromass carbon respond to the abandonment of rice terraces. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118617. [PMID: 37453298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The abandonment of rice terraces in hilly agroecosystems in recent decades has caused substantial changes in microbial characteristics and their impact on microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and soil organic carbon (SOC). Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms and impact pathways of MNC remain unclear. Here, soil samples were collected from 0 to 120 cm soil profiles in rice terraces, dry land (DL), and forest land (FL) for analysis. After converting rice terraces to DL and FL, MNC decreased significantly by 31.12% and 38.33%, while SOC decreased significantly by 51.26% and 29.87% respectively. These reductions are due to the loss of terrace management practices and associated functions. There were no significant changes in bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), whereas fungal necromass carbon (FNC) experienced a significant decrease. As a result, the decline in SOC may be primarily attributed to the reduction in FNC. BNC and FNC were regulated by bacterial life history strategies and fungal biomass, respectively. However, bacterial copiotrophs experienced a significant reduction after rice terrace abandonment. The regulation of BNC may be influenced by other factors, potentially offsetting the negative impact of abandonment. Dissolved organic carbon and bulk density were the primary control factors for bacterial community composition and fungal biomass, respectively. Additionally, the impact of soil layers on the alterations in MNC and SOC was more significant compared to the abandonment of rice terraces. These findings indicate that short-term abandonment of rice terraces results in a decrease in SOC, potentially compromising the ecological service function of the hilly agroecosystems. In the face of rapid population growth and global warming, it is crucial to minimize terrace abandonment and enhance utilization rates. This approach will effectively support sustainable terrace management and ecological services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yaojun Liu
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Zirong Guo
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yaqun Li
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yu Long
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yinghui Guo
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Nie
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
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Song G, Simpson AJ, Hayes MHB. Compositional changes in the humin fraction resulting from the long-term cultivation of an Irish grassland soil: Evidence from FTIR and multi-NMR spectroscopies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163280. [PMID: 37028664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil humin (HN), a major long-term sink for carbon in the pedosphere, plays a key role in the global carbon cycle, and has been less extensively studied than the humic and fulvic acids components. There are increasing concerns about the depletions of soil organic matter (SOM) arising from modern soil cultivation practices but there has been little focus on how HN can be altered as the result. This study has compared the HN components in a soil under cultivation for wheat for >30 years with those from an adjacent contiguous soil that had been under long-term grass for all that time. A urea-fortified basic solution isolated additional humic fractions from soils that had been exhaustively extracted in basic media. Then further exhaustive extractions of the residual soil material with dimethyl sulfoxide, amended with sulphuric acid isolated what may be called the "true" HN fraction. The long-term cultivation resulted in a loss of 53 % soil organic carbon in the surface soil. Infrared and multi-NMR spectroscopies showed the "true" HN to be dominated by aliphatic hydrocarbons and carboxylated structures, but with clear evidence for lesser amounts of carbohydrate and peptide materials, and with weaker evidence for lignin-derived substances. These lesser-amount structures can be sorbed on the soil mineral colloid surfaces and/or covered by the hydrophobic HN component or entrained within these which have strong affinities for the mineral colloids. HN from the cultivated site contained less carbohydrate and more carboxyl groups suggesting slow transformations took place resulting from the cultivation, but these were much slower than for the other components of SOM. It is recommended that a study be made of the HN in a soil under long-term cultivation for which the SOM content has reached a steady state and where HN will be expected to dominate the components of SOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixue Song
- Institute of Marine Science & Technology, Shandong Univeristy, Qingdao campus, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Andre J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Michael H B Hayes
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
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10
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Kou X, Morriën E, Tian Y, Zhang X, Lu C, Xie H, Liang W, Li Q, Liang C. Exogenous carbon turnover within the soil food web strengthens soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4069-4080. [PMID: 37114734 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous carbon turnover within soil food web is important in determining the trade-offs between soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and carbon emission. However, it remains largely unknown how soil food web influences carbon sequestration through mediating the dual roles of microbes as decomposers and contributors, hindering our ability to develop policies for soil carbon management. Here, we conducted a 13 C-labeled straw experiment to demonstrate how soil food web regulated the residing microbes to influence the soil carbon transformation and stabilization process after 11 years of no-tillage. Our work demonstrated that soil fauna, as a "temporary storage container," indirectly influenced the SOC transformation processes and mediated the SOC sequestration through feeding on soil microbes. Soil biota communities acted as both drivers of and contributors to SOC cycling, with 32.0% of exogenous carbon being stabilizing in the form of microbial necromass as "new" carbon. Additionally, the proportion of mineral-associated organic carbon and particulate organic carbon showed that the "renewal effect" driven by the soil food web promoted the SOC to be more stable. Our study clearly illustrated that soil food web regulated the turnover of exogenous carbon inputs by and mediated soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchang Kou
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Elly Morriën
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics Department (IBED-ELD), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yijia Tian
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Caiyan Lu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongtu Xie
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenju Liang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
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11
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Chen X, Xie Y, Wang J, Shi Z, Zhang J, Wei H, Ma Y. Presence of different microplastics promotes greenhouse gas emissions and alters the microbial community composition of farmland soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:162967. [PMID: 36948309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are regarded as potential persistent organic pollutants owing to their small size and low degradability. However, the effect of MP pollution on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from farmland soil is yet unclear. Therefore, a series of microcosm experiments were set up using polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyester (PET) at concentrations of 0.25 %, 2 %, and 7 % (w/w). Each treatment had three replicates. This experiment was carried out to verify the effect of MP pollution on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from farmland soil. The results showed that the addition of MPs significantly promoted the emissions of the three main GHGs, including nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4). Especially, PE may cause most GHG emissions which would contribute to climate warming when its pollution concentration increased. In addition, different doses and types of MPs could affect microbial community structure. These findings of this present study may provide a scientific and practical reference for the prevention and control of MPs pollution and risk assessment of global climate change caused by MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yijie Xie
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoji Shi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hui Wei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yibing Ma
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
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12
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Thompson GL, Bray N, Groffman PM, Kao-Kniffin J. Soil microbiomes in lawns reveal land-use legacy impacts on urban landscapes. Oecologia 2023:10.1007/s00442-023-05389-8. [PMID: 37286887 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Land-use change is highly dynamic globally and there is great uncertainty about the effects of land-use legacies on contemporary environmental performance. We used a chronosequence of urban grasslands (lawns) that were converted from agricultural and forested lands from 10 to over 130 years prior to determine if land-use legacy influences components of soil biodiversity and composition over time. We used historical aerial imagery to identify sites in Baltimore County, MD (USA) with agricultural versus forest land-use history. Soil samples were taken from these sites as well as from existing well-studied agricultural and forest sites used as historical references by the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Baltimore Ecosystem Study program. We found that the microbiomes in lawns of agricultural origin were similar to those in agricultural reference sites, which suggests that the ecological parameters on lawns and reference agricultural systems are similar in how they influence soil microbial community dynamics. In contrast, lawns that were previously forest showed distinct shifts in soil bacterial composition upon recent conversion but reverted back in composition similar to forest soils as the lawns aged over decades. Soil fungal communities shifted after forested land was converted to lawns, but unlike bacterial communities, did not revert in composition over time. Our results show that components of bacterial biodiversity and composition are resistant to change in previously forested lawns despite urbanization processes. Therefore land-use legacy, depending on the prior use, is an important factor to consider when examining urban ecological homogenization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant L Thompson
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Natalie Bray
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Peter M Groffman
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, Environmental Sciences Initiative, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA
| | - Jenny Kao-Kniffin
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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13
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Yang W, Yang J, Fan Y, Guo Q, Jiang N, Babalola OO, Han X, Zhang X. The two sides of resistance-resilience relationship in both aboveground and belowground communities in the Eurasian steppe. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37129435 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing nitrogen (N) deposition has led to profound changes in aboveground and belowground ecosystems. However, the stability of plant and soil microbial community toward N addition in terms of resistance and resilience is less understood. We established a long-running field trial (2008-2018) in a series of N applications in combination with a mowing and fencing (unmown) treatment in a semiarid steppe. We assessed the resistance via ongoing N treatment of one subplot and the resilience via discontinuing N treatment in another to promote natural recovery since 2014. Plant resistance was negatively correlated with N application rate, while microbial resistance was independent of N rate. Mowing significantly reduced plant resistance and resilience, reduced soil microbial resistance but improved its resilience. Generally, plants are more resilient but less resistant to N than soil microbes. The two sides of resistance-resilience relationship were revealed: trade-offs exist between resistance and resilience for both plants and microbes at the community level; and trade-offs between resistance and resilience cannot be scaled down to species/group level. This study provided an important theoretical basis for the recovery and conservation of semiarid steppe and new insight into resistance-resilience relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Quankuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nana Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Xingguo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ximei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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14
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Menefee DS, Collins H, Smith D, Haney RL, Fay P, Polley W. Cropping management in a livestock-pasture-crop integration modifies microbial communities, activity, and soil health score. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2023; 52:434-447. [PMID: 34894404 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding indicators of soil health is crucial for developing agricultural systems that are sustainable and climate resilient. Labile soil carbon (C), microbial properties, and nutrient status are all incorporated into the Haney Soil Health Tool with the goal of summarizing several indicators into one index. Monthly soil samples from an integrated crop-livestock system in Central Texas were collected from 2017 to 2019. Fields represented a range of management practices, including cover crops, no-till, rotational grazing, and a native prairie remnant. Soil samples were analyzed for total C, water-soluble C, macro- and micronutrient content and bioavailability, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Microbial activity was determined via a 24-h CO2 incubation. Soil health score, C, and PLFAs were well correlated with each other. The greatest total PLFA (219.5 nmol g-1 soil) and organic C (54.3 g kg-1 soil) were found in the native prairie, and the lowest were found in the unfertilized continuous-corn system (60.5 nmol PLFAs g-1 soil and 24.0 g organic C kg-1 soil). Of all agroecosystems, the perennial grazing system (soil health score, 24.7) was most similar to the native prairie (soil health score, 27.4), having high soil C and a large microbial community. Of the row cropping systems, the no-till system approached the perennial systems better than the conventional till and unfertilized conventional till (soil health score, 11.1 vs. 8.0 and 5.3, respectively). This study highlights the value of perennial grass grazing in agroecosystems and appropriate best management practices. Expanding this analysis to other sites may provide additional insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy S Menefee
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Harold Collins
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Douglas Smith
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Richard Lee Haney
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Philip Fay
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Wayne Polley
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, 808 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
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15
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Mishra A, Singh L, Singh D. Unboxing the black box-one step forward to understand the soil microbiome: A systematic review. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:669-683. [PMID: 35112151 PMCID: PMC9957845 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil is one of the most important assets of the planet Earth, responsible for maintaining the biodiversity and managing the ecosystem services for both managed and natural ecosystems. It encompasses large proportion of microscopic biodiversity, including prokaryotes and the microscopic eukaryotes. Soil microbiome is critical in managing the soil functions, but their activities have diminutive recognition in few systems like desert land and forest ecosystems. Soil microbiome is highly dependent on abiotic and biotic factors like pH, carbon content, soil structure, texture, and vegetation, but it can notably vary with ecosystems and the respective inhabitants. Thus, unboxing this black box is essential to comprehend the basic components adding to the soil systems and supported ecosystem services. Recent advancements in the field of molecular microbial ecology have delivered commanding tools to examine this genetic trove of soil biodiversity. Objective of this review is to provide a critical evaluation of the work on the soil microbiome, especially since the advent of the NGS techniques. The review also focuses on advances in our understanding of soil communities, their interactions, and functional capabilities along with understanding their role in maneuvering the biogeochemical cycle while underlining and tapping the unprecedented metagenomics data to infer the ecological attributes of yet undiscovered soil microbiome. This review focuses key research directions that could shape the future of basic and applied research into the soil microbiome. This review has led us to understand that it is difficult to generalize that soil microbiome plays a substantiated role in shaping the soil networks and it is indeed a vital resource for sustaining the ecosystem functioning. Exploring soil microbiome will help in unlocking their roles in various soil network. It could be resourceful in exploring and forecasting its impacts on soil systems and for dealing with alleviating problems like rapid climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Mishra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research [AcSIR], Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lal Singh
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharmesh Singh
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
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16
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Mombrikotb SB, Van Agtmaal M, Johnstone E, Crawley MJ, Gweon HS, Griffiths RI, Bell T. The interactions and hierarchical effects of long-term agricultural stressors on soil bacterial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:711-718. [PMID: 35925021 PMCID: PMC9804416 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soils are subjected to multiple anthropogenic modifications, but the synergistic impacts of simultaneous environmental stressors on below-ground communities are poorly understood. We used a large-scale (1152 plots), long-term (26 years), multi-factorial grassland experiment to assess the impact of five common agricultural practises (pesticides, herbicide, liming, fertilizers and grazing exclusion) and their interactive effects on the composition and activity of soil microbial communities. We confirmed that pH strongly impacts belowground communities, but further demonstrate that pH strongly mediates the impacts of other management factors. Notably, there was a significant interaction between liming and the effect of pesticide application, with only half of the taxa responding to pesticide being shared in both limed and unlimed treatments. Likewise, nutrient amendments significantly altered bacterial community structure in acidic soils. Not only do these results highlight an hierarchy of effect of commonly used agricultural practices but also the widespread interactions between treatments: many taxa were significantly affected by interactions between treatments, even in the absence of significant main effects. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that chemical amendments may not percolate deeply into physically unperturbed soils with effects concentrated between 0 and 30 cm, despite 20+ years of treatment. The research shows that future changes to agricultural practices will need to consider interactions among multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maaike Van Agtmaal
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College London, AscotBerkshireUK
- Louis Bolk InstituutBunnikThe Netherlands
| | - Emma Johnstone
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College London, AscotBerkshireUK
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | | | - Hyun S. Gweon
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Reading, WhiteknightsReadingUK
- UK Centre of Ecology & HydrologyBangorUK
| | | | - Thomas Bell
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College London, AscotBerkshireUK
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17
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Liao LB, Chen XX, Xiang J, Zhang NN, Wang ET, Shi FS. Zanthoxylum bungeanum root-rot associated shifts in microbiomes of root endosphere, rhizosphere, and soil. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13808. [PMID: 35945942 PMCID: PMC9357373 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Root-rot disease has lead to serious reduction in yields and jeopardized the survival of the economically and ecologically important Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees cultured in Sichuan Province. In order to investigate the interaction between the microbiome and the root-rot disease, a metagenomic analysis was performed to characterize the microbial communities and functions in Z. bungeanum root endosphere, rhizosphere and bulk soil with/without root-rot disease. Soil physicochemical properties, microbial population size and enzyme activities were also analyzed for finding their interactions with the root-rot disease. As results, lower total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (AP) contents but higher pH in rhizosphere and bulk soil, as well as lower substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and higher protease activity in bulk soil of diseased trees were found, in comparison with that of healthy trees. Microbial diversity and community composition were changed by root-rot disease in the endosphere, but not in rhizosphere and bulk soils. The endophytic microbiome of diseased trees presented higher Proteobacteria abundance and lower abundances of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and dominant fungal phyla. The relative abundances of nitrogen cycle- and carbon cycle-related genes in endophytic microbiomes were different between the diseased and healthy trees. Based on ANOSIM and PCoA, functional profiles (KEGG and CAZy) of microbiomes in rhizosphere and bulk soil shifted significantly between the diseased and healthy trees. In addition, soil pH, TN, AP, SIR, invertase and protease were estimated as the main factors influencing the shifts of taxonomic and functional groups in microbiomes of rhizosphere and bulk soil. Conclusively, the imbalance of root and soil microbial function groups might lead to shifts in the root endosphere-rhizosphere microenvironment, which in turn resulted in Z. bungeanum root-rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bin Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chendu, China
| | - Xiao Xia Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chendu, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Nan Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chendu, China
| | - En Tao Wang
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fu Sun Shi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chendu, China
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18
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Hu Y, Chen J, Hui D, Wang YP, Li J, Chen J, Chen G, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Zhang D, Deng Q. Mycorrhizal fungi alleviate acidification-induced phosphorus limitation: Evidence from a decade-long field experiment of simulated acid deposition in a tropical forest in south China. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3605-3619. [PMID: 35175681 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
South China has been experiencing very high rate of acid deposition and severe soil acidification in recent decades, which has been proposed to exacerbate the regional ecosystem phosphorus (P) limitation. We conducted a 10-year field experiment of simulated acid deposition to examine how acidification impacts seasonal changes of different soil P fractions in a tropical forest with highly acidic soils in south China. As expected, acid addition significantly increased occluded P pool but reduced the other more labile P pools in the dry season. In the wet season, however, acid addition did not change microbial P, soluble P and labile organic P pools. Acid addition significantly increased exchangeable Al3+ and Fe3+ and the activation of Fe oxides in both seasons. Different from the decline of microbial abundance in the dry season, acid addition increased ectomycorrhizal fungi and its ratio to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in the wet season, which significantly stimulated phosphomonoesterase activities and likely promoted the dissolution of occluded P. Our results suggest that, even in already highly acidic soils, the acidification-induced P limitation could be alleviated by stimulating ectomycorrhizal fungi and phosphomonoesterase activities. The differential responses and microbial controls of seasonal soil P transformation revealed here should be implemented into ecosystem biogeochemical model for predicting plant productivity under future acid deposition scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jianling Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiren Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Changes in the Microbiological Properties of Soils along the Gradient of the Altitude Zone of Mount Kivaka in Eastern Fennoscandia, Russia. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted on the territory of the national park Paanayarvi, located in the taiga zone of the European north. The altitude zone common in the territory of the national park is up to 350 m above sea level. The purpose of this work is to study the microbiological and biochemical properties of soils formed under conditions of a gradient of altitude zonation. This work was performed for the first time in this territory. Based on the fatty acid composition of the cell walls of microorganisms, the composition and structure of the microbial community were determined by chemato-mass spectrometry. The dominant microbocenosis of soils of undisturbed territories was revealed. Changes in prokaryotes and microscopic fungi in the gradient of the altitude zone occur in different directions, which is consistent with the work of other researchers. The results suggest that the formation of microbocenosis of soils located in different conditions of the phytocenotic environment depends on the location of the site relative to the height. The latter determines the flow of solar energy into the ecosystem and the hydrothermal regime of soils. The data obtained can be used in monitoring global climate changes, will become the basis for the formation of a general conceptual basis for the functioning of microbial communities of soils of low-mountain landscapes.
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20
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Gardner CM, Gerhard WA, Redfern LK, Gunsch CK. Evaluation of developing maize microbiomes and associations among nitrogen cyclers and key fungal taxa. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35319433 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
More sustainable approaches to agriculture are urgently needed to protect existing resources and optimize crop yields and to provide food for a growing global human population. More sustainable agricultural practices that utilize plant-microbe relationships across cultivation are urgently needed. The main objectives of this study were to track the prokaryotic and fungal microbiomes associated with key growth stages of developing maize to evaluate the relationships among nitrogen cycling bacteria and major fungal genera including those known to contain arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other important taxa. Prokaryotic and fungal microbiomes associated with bulk soils, rhizosphere soils and tissues of developing maize were characterized using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Similarities in microbiome diversity and abundance were compared to sample metadata to explore the influence of external factors on microbiome development. Correlations among target fungal taxa, bulk bacteria and nitrogen cycling bacteria were determined using non-parametric Spearman correlations. Important maize-associated fungal taxa were detected in all samples across growth stages, with Fusarium, Penicillium and Aspergillus fungi comprising up to 4.21, 4.26 and 0.28% of all fungal genera, respectively. Thirteen statistically significant correlations between nitrogen cycling genera and targeted fungal genera were also identified (r S≥0.70 or r S≤-0.70; P<0.05). This study is the first to note a strong positive association among several nitrifying bacteria and Fusarium (R=0.71; P=0.0046), Aspergillus (R=0.71; P=0.0055) and Cladosporium spcies (R=0.74; P=0.0038), suggesting the levels of soil nitrate, nitrite or nitrification intermediates may have large roles in the proliferation of important maize-associated fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Gardner
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Present address: Washington State University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 405 Spokane St., PO Box 642910, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - William A Gerhard
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Lauren K Redfern
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Present address: Florida Gulf Coast University, Environmental and Civil Engineering, 10501 FGCU Blvd. South, Ft. Myers, FL 33965, USA
| | - Claudia K Gunsch
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Present address: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Atoloye IA, Adesina IS, Sharma H, Subedi K, Liang CL(K, Shahbazi A, Bhowmik A. Hemp biochar impacts on selected biological soil health indicators across different soil types and moisture cycles. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264620. [PMID: 35226702 PMCID: PMC8884510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of crop residues and biochar have been demonstrated to improve soil biological and chemical properties in agroecosystems. However, the integrated effect of organic amendments and hydrological cycles on soil health indicators are not well understood. In this study, we quantified the impact of hemp residue (HR), hemp biochar (HB), and hardwood biochar (HA) on five hydrolytic enzymes, soil microbial phospholipid (PLFA) community structure, pH, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN). We compared two soil types, Piedmont and Coastal Plain soils of North Carolina, under (i) a 30-d moisture cycle maintained at 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS) (D-W1), followed by (ii) a 7-day alternate dry-wet cycle for 42 days (D-W2), or (iii) maintained at 60% WFPS for 42 days (D-W3) during an aerobic laboratory incubation. Results showed that HR and HB significantly increased the geometric mean enzyme activity by 1-2-fold in the Piedmont soil under the three moisture cycles and about 1.5-fold under D-W in the Coastal soil. In the presence of HA, the measured soil enzyme activities were significantly lower than control under the moisture cycles in both soil types. The shift in microbial community structure was distinct in the Coastal soil but not in the Piedmont soil. Under D-W2, HR and HB significantly increased POXC (600–700 mg POXC kg-1 soil) in the Coastal soil but not in the Piedmont soil while HA increased nitrate (8 mg kg-1) retention in the Coastal soil. The differences in amendment effect on pH SOC, TN, POXC, and nitrate were less distinct in the fine-textured Piedmont soil than the coarse-textured Coastal soil. Overall, the results indicate that, unlike HA, HR and HB will have beneficial effects on soil health and productivity, therefore potentially improving soil’s resilience to changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idowu A. Atoloye
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Ifeoluwa S. Adesina
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Harmandeep Sharma
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Kiran Subedi
- Analytical Services Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen) Liang
- Center for Environmental Farming Systems, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Abolghasem Shahbazi
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Arnab Bhowmik
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Impacts of short-term tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil microbial community in a double-cropping rice field. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2093. [PMID: 35136181 PMCID: PMC8827058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial community were usually reconsidered as a sensitive indicator in soil quality and soil environment change of paddy field. However, the effects of different tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil bacterial community under the double-cropping rice cropping system were still need to further investigated. Therefore, the impacts of different tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil bacterial community under the double-cropping rice cropping system in southern of China were studied by using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) profile method in the present paper. The experiment included four different tillage treatments: rotary tillage without crop residue input as a control (RTO), no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), and conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT). Compared with RTO treatment, grain yield of rice with NT, RT and CT treatments increased by 1.21%, 3.13% and 6.40%, respectively. This results showed that soil aC15:0, C16:0, iC17:0, C19:0c9, 10 fatty acids with CT and RT treatments were higher than that of RTO treatment, while soil C16:1ω6c and C18:1ω9t fatty acids with NT treatment were higher than that of RTO treatment, respectively. Soil G+ and G− bacteria PLFAs contents with CT treatment were higher than that of NT, RT and RTO treatments, while the value of soil G+/G− bacteria PLFAs with NT treatment were higher than that of CT, RT and RTO treatments. This results indicated that Richness and McIntosh indices with CT treatment were significantly higher than that of RTO treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the first and second principal components (PC1 and PC2) were explained 93.2% of total variance with all tillage treatments. Except C12:0, C14:0 2OH and C18:2ω6, all unsaturated and cyclopropyl PLFAs contents were belong to PC1. PC1 and PC2 were explained 88.4% of total variance with all tillage treatments. There had significantly positive correlation between soil Richness, Shannon indices and soil PLFAs, G+ bacteria, G− bacteria, fungi contents. As a result, it were benefit practices for increasing soil bacterial community structure in the double-cropping rice field of southern China by combined application of rotary, conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation managements.
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Chen X, Han X, Lu X, Yan J, Biswas A, Zou W. Long-term continuous cropping affects ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of microbial nutrient acquisition: a case study from a Chinese Mollisol. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:6338-6346. [PMID: 33970498 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil- and plant-produced extracellular enzymes drive nutrient cycling in soils and are assumed to regulate supply and demand for carbon (C) and nutrients within the soil. Thus, agriculture management decisions that alter the balance of plant and supplemental nutrients should directly alter extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs), and EEA stoichiometry in predictable ways. We used a 12-year experiment that varyied three major continuous grain crops (wheat, soybean, and maize), each crossed with mineral fertilizer (WCF, SCF and MCF, respectively) or not fertilized (WC, SC and MC, respectively, as controls). In response, we measured the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), EEAs and their stoichiometry to examine the changes to soil microbial nutrient demand under the continuous cropping of crops, which differed with respect to the input of plant litter and fertilizer. RESULTS Fertilizer generally decreased soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity compared to non-fertilized soil. According to enzyme stoichiometry, microbial nutrient demand was generally C- and phosphorus (P)-limited, but not nitrogen (N)-limited. However, the degree of microbial resource limitation differed among the three crops. The enzymatic C:N ratio was significantly lower by 13.3% and 26.8%, whereas the enzymatic N:P ratio was significantly higher by 9.9% and 42.4%, in MCF than in WCF and SCF, respectively. The abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and aerobic PLFAs were significantly higher in MCF than in WCF and SCF. CONCLUSION These findings are crucial for characterizing enzymatic activities and their stoichiometries that drive microbial metabolism with respect to understanding soil nutrient cycles and environmental conditions and optimizing practices of agricultural management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaozeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinchun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Asim Biswas
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Wenxiu Zou
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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Deng J, Frolking S, Bajgain R, Cornell CR, Wagle P, Xiao X, Zhou J, Basara J, Steiner J, Li C. Improving a Biogeochemical Model to Simulate Microbial-Mediated Carbon Dynamics in Agricultural Ecosystems. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS 2021; 13:e2021MS002752. [PMID: 35865275 PMCID: PMC9286558 DOI: 10.1029/2021ms002752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbes drive decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) and regulate soil carbon (C) dynamics. Process-based models have been developed to quantify changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in agricultural ecosystems. However, microbial processes related to SOM decomposition have not been, or are inadequately, represented in these models, limiting predictions of SOC responses to changes in microbial activities. In this study, we developed a microbial-mediated decomposition model based on a widely used biogeochemical model, DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC), to simulate C dynamics in agricultural ecosystems. The model simulates organic matter decomposition, soil respiration, and SOC formation by simulating microbial and enzyme dynamics and their controls on decomposition, and considering impacts of climate, soil, crop, and farming management practices (FMPs) on C dynamics. When evaluated against field observations of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and SOC change in two winter wheat systems, the model successfully captured both NEE and SOC changes under different FMPs. Inclusion of microbial processes improved the model's performance in simulating peak CO2 fluxes induced by residue return, primarily by capturing priming effects of residue inputs. We also investigated impacts of microbial physiology, SOM, and FMPs on soil C dynamics. Our results demonstrated that residue or manure input drove microbial activity and predominantly regulated the CO2 fluxes, and manure amendment largely regulated long-term SOC change. The microbial physiology had considerable impacts on the microbial activities and soil C dynamics, emphasizing the necessity of considering microbial physiology and activities when assessing soil C dynamics in agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Deng
- Earth Systems Research CenterInstitute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
| | - Steve Frolking
- Earth Systems Research CenterInstitute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
| | - Rajen Bajgain
- Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Carolyn R. Cornell
- Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
- Institute for Environmental GenomicsUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Pradeep Wagle
- USDAAgricultural Research ServiceGrazinglands Research LaboratoryEl RenoOKUSA
| | - Xiangming Xiao
- Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
- Institute for Environmental GenomicsUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental ScienceUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Jeffrey Basara
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental ScienceUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
- School of MeteorologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Jean Steiner
- USDAAgricultural Research ServiceGrazinglands Research LaboratoryEl RenoOKUSA
- Department of AgronomyKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA
| | - Changsheng Li
- Earth Systems Research CenterInstitute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
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25
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Ma W, Yang Z, Liang L, Ma Q, Wang G, Zhao T. Seasonal Changes in Soil Microbial Community and Co-Occurrence Network of Species of the Genus Corylus. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112228. [PMID: 34835354 PMCID: PMC8625130 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazelnut is one of the four major nuts in the world and has high nutritional and economic value. This study employed Illumina sequencing of ITS rDNA and 16S rRNA genes to identify the seasonal changes in soil microbial community, the predominant environmental factors driving microbial community composition, and the differences in soil microbial composition among different species of the genus Corylus. We found that the soil microbial community composition of species of Corylus changed significantly with the change in seasons. Corylus heterophylla and Corylus kweichowensis had more ectomycorrhiza in their soil compared to Corylus avellane. The main factor influencing fungal community composition in soil was the available potassium, while that of bacteria was the total phosphorus content. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the ratio of positive interaction to negative interaction in soil of C. heterophylla and Ping’ou (C. heterophylla × C. avellane) was higher, while the negative interaction of soil community structure in C. avellane was greater. The bacterial community was more stable than the fungal community according to microbial diversity and co-occurrence network analyses. The findings of this research may facilitate improvements to the production and soil system management in hazel planting processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lisong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Guixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China; (W.M.); (Z.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.M.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Innovation Alliance on Hazelnut, Beijing 100091, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62888537
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Lv Z, Li X, Wang Y, Hu X, An J. Responses of soil microbial community to combination pollution of galaxolide and cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56247-56256. [PMID: 34050515 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to assess the effect of combined pollution of galaxolide (HHCB) and cadmium (Cd) on soil microbial community as measured by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA). Combined effects of HHCB and Cd were different from that of HHCB alone. The total microbial biomass increased with the concentrations of HHCB in both the single and combined treatments. Comparing to the single HHCB treatments, addition of Cd significantly reduced both the total microbial biomass and Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria (G+/G-) ratio, while increased the bacteria/fungi (B/F) ratio in the combined pollution treatments. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the microbial community structure was significantly altered by the combined effects of HHCB and Cd. Results of redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that there was complex relationship between pollutant and microbial community and the combined effects was higher than the single pollution. Taken together, these results suggest that combined pollution of HHCB and Cd caused a greater influence on the soil microbial community than the single pollution of HHCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Lv
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, 110168, China
| | - Xingguo Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, 110168, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, 110168, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jing An
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
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Zhang Y, Chen M, Zhao YY, Zhang AY, Peng DH, Lu F, Dai CC. Destruction of the soil microbial ecological environment caused by the over-utilization of the rice-crayfish co-cropping pattern. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147794. [PMID: 34029817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rice-crayfish co-cropping pattern is a traditional method for the intensive utilization of rice fields. In recent years, this pattern has been over-developed in many countries and regions, especially in China, because of its simple agronomic technology and high economic benefits. However, little is known about the potential ecological problems regarding soil microorganisms caused by the over-utilization of this pattern. The results show that rice-crayfish co-cropping, when over-utilized for a long time, reduced soil microbial richness and diversity compared with rice monocropping. A decrease in bacterial abundance in the nitrogen cycle and an increase in bacterial abundance in the carbon cycle led to a decrease in the nitrogen cycle function and an increase in the carbon cycle function. In an analysis of bacteria that are sensitive to cropping patterns, it was found that in the rice-crayfish co-cropping, the relative abundances of sensitive OTUs from Firmicutes (Bacillus and Clostridium) and Chloroflexi (Anaerolineaceae) were significantly higher during the entire growth period than those observed in the rice monocropping pattern, while the relative abundances of sensitive OTUs from Nitrospirae (Nitrospira), Gemmatimonadetes (Gemmatimonas), and Actinobacteria (Nocardioides) were significantly lower than those observed in the rice monocropping pattern. A network analysis shows that growth-period-sensitive OTUs drive the co-occurrence network modules, although the OTUs also have positive and negative correlations among modules but a positive synergistic effect on the regulation of soil nutrients. In addition, OTUs that were sensitive at the booting stage and filling stage were the key microbial groups in the rice-crayfish co-cropping and rice monocropping networks, respectively. Understanding the classifications and functions of sensitive microbes present during the rice growth period is the basis for formulating a microbial flora management strategy for the rice-crayfish co-cropping pattern, which is of great significance for adjusting agricultural management measures and controlling current soil microbial ecological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Man Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ai-Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Da-Hong Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Ning X, Wang X, Guan Z, Gu Y, Wu C, Hu W. Effects of different patterns of maize-straw application on soil microorganisms, enzyme activities, and grain yield. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3684-3698. [PMID: 34254569 PMCID: PMC8806571 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1931639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the influences of corn straw application on the soil microbial organisms, soil enzyme activities and the grain yield. Four treatments were evaluated: (i) The straw was ploughed into soil using a fence hydraulic turning plow with ploughing depth of 30-40 cm(PD). (ii) The self-developed straw deep returning machine was used to bury 30-40 cm in the sub-surface layer of soil (SD). (iii) The straw was mulched and no tillage sowing(M). (iv)Without straw application(CK). Soil samples of different deep(0-20 cm, 20-40 cm soil layer) were taken during the corn growth stage to determinesoil biological characteristics.Our results suggested that soil microorganisms were not increased by straw mulching. Straw deep ploughing and returning (PD treatment) could effectively improve the phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs) of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi, the activities of urease,invertase,dehydrogenase and polyphenoloxidase, even the grain yield. In 20-40 cm subsoil layer, the effects were more obvious than those of topsoil. The mean yield of PD treatment was higher than SD,M and CK. The results showed that the PLFA signatures and soil enzyme were both sensitive to the changes of soil environment condition by the application of straw. In the actual field production, we should adopt the appropriate way of straw returning to the field to achieve not only the improvement of soil quality, but also the increase of grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Ning
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zheyun Guan
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Wenhe Hu
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Temporal Changes of Virus-Like Particle Abundance and Metagenomic Comparison of Viral Communities in Cropland and Prairie Soils. mSphere 2021; 6:e0116020. [PMID: 34077260 PMCID: PMC8265675 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.01160-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last several decades, viruses have been increasingly recognized for their abundance, ubiquity, and important roles in different ecosystems. Despite known contributions to aquatic systems, few studies examine viral abundance and community structure over time in terrestrial ecosystems. The effects of land conversion and land management on soil microbes have been previously investigated, but their effects on virus population are not well studied. This study examined annual dynamics of viral abundance in soils from a native tallgrass prairie and two croplands, conventional till winter wheat and no-till canola, in Oklahoma. Virus-like particle (VLP) abundance varied across sites, and showed clear seasonal shifts. VLP abundance significantly correlated with environmental variables that were generally reflective of land use, including air temperature, soil nitrogen, and plant canopy coverage. Structural equation modeling supported the effects of land use on soil communities by emphasizing interactions between management, environmental factors, and viral and bacterial abundance. Between the viral metagenomes from the prairie and tilled wheat field, 1,231 unique viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were identified, and only five were shared that were rare in the contrasting field. Only 13% of the vOTUs had similarity to previously identified viruses in the RefSeq database, with only 7% having known taxonomic classification. Together, our findings indicated land use and tillage practices influence virus abundance and community structure. Analyses of viromes over time and space are vital to viral ecology in providing insight on viral communities and key information on interactions between viruses, their microbial hosts, and the environment. IMPORTANCE Conversion of land alters the physiochemical and biological environments by not only changing the aboveground community, but also modifying the soil environment for viruses and microbes. Soil microbial communities are critical to nutrient cycling, carbon mineralization, and soil quality; and viruses are known for influencing microbial abundance, community structure, and evolution. Therefore, viruses are considered an important part of soil functions in terrestrial ecosystems. In aquatic environments, virus abundance generally exceeds bacterial counts by an order of magnitude, and they are thought to be one of the greatest genetic reservoirs on the planet. However, data are extremely limited on viruses in soils, and even less is known about their responses to the disturbances associated with land use and management. The study provides important insights into the temporal dynamics of viral abundance and the structure of viral communities in response to the common practice of turning native habitats into arable soils.
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Zhao S, Li Z, Wang H, Huang H, Xia C, Liang D, Yang J, Zhang Q, Meng Z. Effective removal and expedient recovery of As(V) and Cr(VI) from soil by layered double hydroxides coated waste textile. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Diedhiou-Sall S, Assigbetsee KB, Badiane AN, Diedhiou I, Khouma M, Dick RP. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Soil Microbial Properties in Two Shrub Intercrop Systems of the Sahel. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.621689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sahel is an ecologically vulnerable region where increasing populations with a concurrent increase in agricultural intensity has degraded soils. Agroforestry offers an approach to remediate these landscapes. A largely unrecognized agroforestry resource in the Sahel are the native shrubs, Piliostigma reticulatum, and Guiera senegalensis that to varying degrees already coexist with row crops. These shrubs improve soil quality, redistribute water from the deep soil to the surface (hydraulic lift), and can improve crop growth. However, little information is available on whether these shrubs affect spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial communities. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine microbial composition and activity in the wet and dry seasons of soil in the: shrub rhizosphere (RhizS), inter-root zone (IntrS), and outside the influence of shrub soil (OutS) for both G. senegalensis and P. reticulatum in Senegal. A 3 × 2 factorial field experiment was imposed at two locations (490 and 700 mm annual rainfall with G. senegalensis and P. reticulatum, respectively), that had the soil sampling treatments of three locations (RhizS, IntrS, and OutS) and two seasons (wet and dry). Soils were analyzed for: microbial diversity (DGGE with bacterial 16S or fungal 28S rRNA gene sequences phospholipids fatty acid, PLFA); enzyme activities; microbial biomass carbon (MBC); and nitrogen (N) mineralization potential. For the DGGE profiling, the bacterial community responded more to the rhizosphere effect, whereas, the fungal community was more sensitive to season. PLFA, MBC, enzyme activities and inorganic N were significantly higher in both seasons for the RhizS. The presence of shrubs maintained rhizosphere microbial communities and activity during the dry season. This represents a paradigm shift for semi-arid environments where logically it would be expected to have no microbial activity in the extended dry season. In contrast this study has shown this is not the case that rather the presence of shrub roots maintained the microbial community in the dry season most likely due to hydraulic lift and root exudates. This has implications when these shrubs are in cropped fields in that decomposition and mineralization of nutrients can proceed in the dry season. Thus, enabling accumulation of plant available nutrients during the dry season for uptake by crops in the rainy season.
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Ihara H, Kumagai A, Hori T, Nanba K, Aoyagi T, Takasaki M, Katayama Y. Direct comparison of bacterial communities in soils contaminated with different levels of radioactive cesium from the first Fukushima nuclear power plant accident. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143844. [PMID: 33279203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a serious accident at the first Fukushima nuclear power plant (NPP), which in turn released a large amount of radionuclides. Little attention has been paid to in-situ soil microorganisms exposed to radioactive contamination by the actual NPP accident. We herein investigated bacterial communities in the radioactive cesium (Cs)-contaminated and non-contaminated soils by high-throughput sequencing. The uppermost and ectorhizosphere soil samples were collected from the base of mugwort grown in the same soil type with the same soil-use history in order to compare the bacterial communities at geographically separated areas. The concentrations of radioactive Cs in the soils ranged from 10 to 563,000 Bq 137Cs/kg dry soil, with the highest concentration being detected at 1 km from the NPP. Alpha-diversity indices, i.e., Chao1, Shannon and Simpson reciprocal, of the sequence data showed the lower bacterial diversity in the most highly Cs-contaminated soil. Principal coordinate analysis with principle components 1 and 3 based on unweighted UniFrac distances indicated the significant difference in bacterial communities of the most contaminated area from those of the other areas. Operational taxonomic unit-based assay revealed higher abundance of the radio-resistant Geodermatophilus bullaregiensis relative in the most contaminated soil. Thus, it was strongly suggested that the radioactive accident facilitated the growth and/or survival of radio-resistant bacteria in the Cs-contaminated soils. The results of this study show that information on the soil type, vegetation and soil-use history enhances the direct comparison of geographically distant soil bacterial communities exposed to different levels of radioactive contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Ihara
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Ayako Kumagai
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hori
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Tomo Aoyagi
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Takasaki
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu University, 1 Shinmito, Minamisakai, Ishinomaki, Miyagi 986-8580, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Center for Conservation Science, Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, 13-43 Ueno Park, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8713, Japan.
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Wei P, Lei A, Zhou H, Hu Z, Wong Y, Tam NFY, Lu Q. Comparison of microbial community structure and function in sediment between natural regenerated and original mangrove forests in a National Nature Mangrove Reserve, South China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111955. [PMID: 33453511 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove has been destroyed and reforestation is often undertaken, but whether a regenerated forest could restore its ecological function is not clear. This study compares microbial community structure and function in sediment of the 17-years old natural regenerated mangrove forest (Y17) with the original forest (Y74). No significant differences in phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and microbial metabolism of most carbon substrates were found between these two forests. However, activities of dehydrogenase, protease, cellulase and phosphatase were lower in Y17 than Y74, and some specific microbial functions were also different. Both forests exhibited significant seasonal differences in enzyme activities and microbial characteristics, but such difference was larger in Y17 than Y74, indicating the regenerated forest was more sensitive to season. Correspondence analysis based on PLFA profiles and enzyme activities revealed the microbial community in Y17 was comparable to Y74, suggesting sediment microbial characteristics in natural regenerated mangroves could be restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anping Lei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Haichao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Futian-CityU Mangrove Research and Development Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Nora F Y Tam
- Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qun Lu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen, China
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Comer J, Perkins L. Resistance of the soil microbial community to land-surface disturbances of high-intensity winter grazing and wildfire. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111596. [PMID: 33168297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Common land-surface disturbances in rangelands with potential to influence the resistance and resilience of the ecosystem include livestock grazing and fire. The impact of these land-use disturbances on the soil microbial community is important to understand because the soil microbial community provides and supports many ecosystem services. Conventional management of land-surface disturbances have led to a decrease in the ecosystem services provided by rangelands. To combat this decrease, alternative land-surface disturbance regimes are being investigated. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of alternative land-surface disturbances (high-intensity winter-grazing and a wildfire, compared to a widely used conventional summer-long continuous grazing on the soil microbial community measured by changes in total soil microbial biomass, soil microbial functional groups, and soil microbial diversity. The soil microbial community was evaluated at beginning of the growing season and peak growing season for two years following the treatments. Prior to the treatments, the pastures had a long history of summer-long continuous grazing. Our results indicate that the soil microbial community is resistant to land-surface disturbance treatments (high-intensity winter-grazing and wildfire) although the response of soil microbial community was influenced by the composition of aboveground vegetation. Overall, neither wildfire nor high-intensity winter-grazing caused significant impacts on the soil microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Comer
- Department of Natural Resource Management South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Lora Perkins
- Department of Natural Resource Management South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
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Gao B, Yao H, Li Y, Zhu Y. Microplastic Addition Alters the Microbial Community Structure and Stimulates Soil Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Vegetable-Growing Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:352-365. [PMID: 33105038 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has become an increasingly pervasive issue worldwide, but little is known about its effects on the soil environment. A soil microcosm experiment was conducted using low-density polyethylene microplastics to estimate the effect of microplastic pollution on soil nutrient cycling and the soil microbial community structure. The results showed that microplastic addition significantly promoted soil carbon dioxide emissions but not soil nitrous oxide emissions. Soil pH, dissolved organic carbon, ammonia nitrogen, the contents of total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), and the ratios of gram-positive bacteria to gram-negative bacteria and saturated to monounsaturated PLFAs significantly increased. In addition, nitrate nitrogen and the ratios of fungi to bacteria, total iso-branched fatty acids to total anteiso-branched fatty acids, and cyclopropyl to precursor significantly decreased with increasing microplastic addition. The addition of microplastics decreased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite reductase (nirS) but had little effect on the functional genes of ammonia oxidizing archaea, nitrite reductase (nirK), and nitrous oxide reductase. A principal coordinate analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer in the microplastic addition treatments revealed that the bacterial and fungal communities formed an obvious cluster. The average abundance of some microbial species with tolerance and degradability to microplastics, such as Nocardioidaceae, Amycolatopsis, Aeromicrobium, Cytophagaceae, Betaproteobacteria, Rhodoplanes, and Mortierella, in the microplastic addition treatments was significantly higher than that of the control treatment. The results suggested that microplastics have obvious influences on microbial communities and may affect global carbon and nitrogen cycles. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:352-365. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Gong L, Wang J, Abbas T, Zhang Q, Cai M, Tahir M, Wu D, Di H. Immobilization of exchangeable Cd in soil using mixed amendment and its effect on soil microbial communities under paddy upland rotation system. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127828. [PMID: 32763579 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a widespread environmental problem that decreases crop production, destroys the microbial ecology of soil, and poses a severe risk to human health. Organo-chemical amendment is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and community-acceptable widely applied an in situ technique for metal-contaminated farmland. In this study, we mixed lime, zeolite, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and biochar in a mixture ratio of 71:23:5:1 to form a mixed amendment. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effects of the mixed amendment on soil exchangeable Cd content, plant Cd accumulation, and soil microbial community. It was found that the application of 0.5% mixed amendment decreased exchangeable soil Cd by more than 85% and 64% in wheat and rice season, respectively, compared with control (CK), without increasing pH. Moreover, the application of 0.5% mixed amendment decreased Cd accumulation in grains by 22.9% and 41.2% in wheat and rice season, respectively, compared to CK. The result of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) shows that the level of soil microbial diversity and species richness under mixed amendment treatments were higher than in lime treatment, indicating more copiotrophic conditions and faster rate of nutrient turnover in mixed amendment than pure lime treatment. Hence, it concluded that the mixed amendment has a strong effect on fixing exchangeable soil Cd and reducing the accumulation of Cd in crops. Finally, it was observed that the mixed amendment improved the soil microbial community structure and accelerate the rate of nutrient turnover by microbes under this favorable condition comparative to individual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longda Gong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- The Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, 310020, PR China
| | - Touqeer Abbas
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Mei Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Soil, Water, & Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Cir, Falcon Heights, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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Biogeographic Changes in Forest Soil Microbial Communities of Offshore Islands—A Case Study of Remote Islands in Taiwan. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biogeographic separation has been an important cause of faunal and floral distribution; however, little is known about the differences in soil microbial communities across islands. In this study, we determined the structure of soil microbial communities by analyzing phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and comparing enzymatic activities as well as soil physio-chemical properties across five subtropical granite-derived and two tropical volcanic (andesite-derived) islands in Taiwan. Among these islands, soil organic matter, pH, urease, and PLFA biomass were higher in the tropical andesite-derived than subtropical granite-derived islands. Principal component analysis of PLFAs separated these islands into three groups. The activities of soil enzymes such as phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and β-glucosaminidase were positively correlated with soil organic matter and total nitrogen. Redundancy analysis of microbial communities and environmental factors showed that soil parent materials and the climatic difference are critical factors affecting soil organic matter and pH, and consequently the microbial community structure.
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38
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Wang L, Zou R, Li YC, Tong Z, You M, Huo W, Chi K, Fan H. Effect of Wheat-Solanum nigrum L. intercropping on Cd accumulation by plants and soil bacterial community under Cd contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111383. [PMID: 33002822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using accumulators for intercropping in agricultural production can change the heavy metal concentration in the target plants. This study aims to investigate how intercropping wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Solanum nigrum L. affects soil bacterial community and cadmium (Cd) absorption in response to Cd-contaminated soil. We compared the concentrations and accumulations of Cd by plants, the activities of soil enzymes and the bacterial community structures of rhizosphere soil in monoculture and intercropping system. Principal component analysis (PCA) ordinations showed that soil bacterial communities were significantly separated by MW and IW, which illustrated intercropping with Solanum nigrum L. impacted the bacterial community structure of wheat. Firstly, the results showed that the biomass of shoots and roots in intercropped wheat (IW) were significantly decreased by 16.19% and 29.38% compared with monoculture wheat (MW) after 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Secondly, the Cd concentration and accumulation of shoots in IW was higher than MW. The Cd accumulation of IW shoots and roots were increased 12.87% and 0.98%, respectively after 60 days DAT. Besides, the enzymes activity [catalase (CAT), urease (UA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] of IW were decreased 35%, 6% and 21%, respectively after 60 days DAT. Finally, the diversity indexes [Abundance-based Coverage Estimator (ACE), Chao and InvSimpson] of IW were lower than MW. These results indicated that intercropping with Solanum nigrum L. inhibited the wheat growth and decreased the bacterial community diversity in wheat rhizosphere, increased the Cd concentration and accumulation in plant tissues of wheat. Therefore, intercropping Solanum nigrum L. and wheat with Cd-contaminated soil might increase the risk of excessive Cd in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuncong C Li
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Meng You
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenmin Huo
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Chinese Academy of Natural Resource Economics, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Keyu Chi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd. Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hongli Fan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Guan P, Yang J, Yang Y, Wang W, Zhang P, Wu D. Land conversion from cropland to grassland alleviates climate warming effects on nutrient limitation: Evidence from soil enzymatic activity and stoichiometry. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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40
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Li W, Zhou J, Ding H, Fu H, Liu J, Chen Y, Dai T, Lou Q, Zhong X, Fan H, Zhong J. Low-dose biochar added to sediment improves water quality and promotes the growth of submerged macrophytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140602. [PMID: 32640389 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a good adsorbent for water pollutants. However, the effects of biochar on aquatic organisms are not well understood. In this study, different amounts of biochar (CK, 0 mg/g; T1, 10 mg/g; T2, 30 mg/g) were added to sediment to study changes in water quality and its impact on three submerged macrophytes (Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria natans, and Ceratophyllum demersum) and the sediment microbial community. The results indicated that biochar treatments significantly increased the water pH and conductivity. Compared with the initial values, the total phosphorus (P) contents in the water of the CK, T1, and T2 treatments decreased by 78.5%, 95.0%, and 58.3%, respectively, while the total nitrogen contents increased by 26.26%, -5.81%, and 19.70%, respectively. Compared with those in CK, the relative growth rates of H. verticillata, V. natans, and C. demersum in T1 increased by 28.4%, 163.1%, and 61.3%, respectively, while those in T2 showed no significant difference except that the growth rates of H. verticillata decreased by 17.7%. The P contents of the three submerged macrophytes increased with the increase of biochar addition, except that there was no significant difference between T2 and CK for H. verticillata. Biochar treatments reduced the biomass of total microbial, bacterial, and fungal phospholipid fatty acids in the sediment for H. verticillata and V. natans, and they increased fungal: bacterial ratios in the low-dose biochar treatments for V. natans and C. demersum. This study demonstrates that the addition of biochar to sediment significantly increased the pH and conductivity, and decreased total P contents in the water. Low-dose biochar treatments were more beneficial for water quality improvements and the growth of submerged macrophytes than high-dose biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China.
| | - Jihai Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Huijun Ding
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Hui Fu
- Ecology Department, College of Bioscience& Biotechnology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Taotao Dai
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Qian Lou
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Xie Zhong
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Houbao Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Jiayou Zhong
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China.
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Tang B, Man J, Jia R, Wang Y, Bai Y. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Mediate Grazing Effects on Seasonal Soil Nitrogen Fluxes in a Steppe Ecosystem. Ecosystems 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Yang X, Henry HAL, Zhong S, Meng B, Wang C, Gao Y, Sun W. Towards a mechanistic understanding of soil nitrogen availability responses to summer vs. winter drought in a semiarid grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140272. [PMID: 32570067 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
More frequent and intense drought events resulting from climate change are anticipated to become important drivers of change for terrestrial ecosystem function by affecting water and nutrient cycles. In semiarid grasslands, the responses of soil nitrogen availability to severe drought and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Moreover, the responses and mechanisms may vary between summer and winter drought. We examined soil nitrogen availability responses to extreme reductions in precipitation over summer and winter using a field experiment in a semiarid grassland located in northeast China, and we explored the mechanisms by examining associated changes in abiotic factors (soil property responses) and biotic factors (plant and soil microbial responses). The results demonstrated that both the summer and winter severe drought treatments significantly reduced plant and microbial biomass, whereas summer drought also changed soil microbial community structure. Summer drought, winter drought and combined summer and winter drought decreased the resistance of soil nitrogen availability by 38.7 ± 11.1%, 43.3 ± 11.4% and 43.8 ± 6.0%, respectively. While both changes in abiotic factors (reduced soil water content and total nitrogen content) and biotic factors (reduced plant and microbial biomass) explained the resistance of soil nitrogen availability to drought over summer, only changes in biotic factors (reduced plant and microbial biomass) explained the legacy effect of winter drought. Our results highlight that severe drought can have important consequences for nitrogen cycling in semiarid grasslands, and that both the effects of summer and winter drought must be accounted for in predicting these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Hugh A L Henry
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Shangzhi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Bo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Ying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China.
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Lombao A, Barreiro A, Fontúrbel MT, Martín A, Carballas T, Díaz-Raviña M. Key factors controlling microbial community responses after a fire: Importance of severity and recurrence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140363. [PMID: 32615429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires are a major problem in Mediterranean forest ecosystems, affecting the same area year after year. Their severity is increasing, partly due to climate change and hence, every now and then, virulent fires of high severity spread ravage this region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fire regime (recurrence, severity) in soil microbial community structure analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and the microbial functional diversity assessing the level physiological profiling technique (CLPP). Samples of a soil affected by a high severities wildfire and a soil affected by a low severity experimental fire were heated under laboratory conditions at different temperatures to simulate different fire severity. To simulate fire recurrence, the heating treatment was repeated after one month of incubation. The fire severity was estimated as the amount of heat supplied to samples by degree-hour methodology. A marked impact of fire regime on soil microorganisms was detected; the microbial community response varied depending on previous history of fire and the magnitude of changes in PLFA pattern and CLPP, was related to the amount of heat supplied to the samples. Wildfires had a greater impact on microbial community structure than subsequent soil heating in the laboratory. The total biomass and the biomass of specific groups of microorganisms decreased notably as a consequence of wildfire and minor changes were detected due to the experimental fire and soil heating under laboratory conditions. The results clearly showed the usefulness of PLFA pattern to study the effect of fire regimes and associated direct and indirect changes in soil microorganisms and in soil quality. The data also indicated that the degree-hour methodology rather than maximum temperature is adequate to simulate fire severity and evaluate the impact of thermal shock on soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombao
- Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), P.O. Box 122, Avda. Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Barreiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), P.O. Box 122, Avda. Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M T Fontúrbel
- Centro de Investigación Forestal-Lourizán, Consellería do Medio Rural, Xunta de Galicia, P.O. Box 127, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), P.O. Box 122, Avda. Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Carballas
- Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), P.O. Box 122, Avda. Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Díaz-Raviña
- Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), P.O. Box 122, Avda. Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Piton G, Foulquier A, Martinez‐García LB, Legay N, Arnoldi C, Brussaard L, Hedlund K, Martins da Silva P, Nascimento E, Reis F, Sousa JP, Clément J, De Deyn GB. Resistance–recovery trade‐off of soil microbial communities under altered rain regimes: An experimental test across European agroecosystems. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Piton
- University of Grenoble AlpesUniversity of Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECA Grenoble France
| | - Arnaud Foulquier
- University of Grenoble AlpesUniversity of Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECA Grenoble France
| | | | - Nicolas Legay
- INSA Centre Val de Loire Université de ToursCNRSUMR 7324 CITERES Tours France
| | - Cindy Arnoldi
- University of Grenoble AlpesUniversity of Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECA Grenoble France
| | - Lijbert Brussaard
- Soil Biology Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Pedro Martins da Silva
- Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Eduardo Nascimento
- Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Filipa Reis
- Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Gerlinde B. De Deyn
- Soil Biology Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
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Wang H, Bier R, Zgleszewski L, Peipoch M, Omondi E, Mukherjee A, Chen F, Zhang C, Kan J. Distinct Distribution of Archaea From Soil to Freshwater to Estuary: Implications of Archaeal Composition and Function in Different Environments. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:576661. [PMID: 33193193 PMCID: PMC7642518 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.576661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to inhabiting extreme territories, Archaea are widely distributed in common environments spanning from terrestrial to aquatic environments. This study investigated and compared archaeal community structures from three different habitats (representing distinct environments): agriculture soils (from farming system trials FST, PA, United States), freshwater biofilms (from White Clay Creek, PA, United States), and estuary water (Chesapeake Bay, United States). High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes indicated that Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Diapherotrites were the commonly found dominant phyla across these three environments. Similar to Bacteria, distinct community structure and distribution patterns for Archaea were observed in soils vs. freshwater vs. estuary. However, the abundance, richness, evenness, and diversity of archaeal communities were significantly greater in soils than it was in freshwater and estuarine environments. Indicator species (or amplicon sequence variants, ASVs) were identified from different nitrogen and carbon cycling archaeal groups in soils (Nitrososphaerales, Nitrosotaleales, Nitrosopumilales, Methanomassiliicoccales, Lainarchaeales), freshwater biofilms (Methanobacteria, Nitrososphaerales) and Chesapeake Bay (Marine Group II, Nitrosopumilales), suggesting the habitat-specificity of their biogeochemical contributions to different environments. Distinct functional aspects of Archaea were also confirmed by functional predictions (PICRUSt2 analysis). Further, co-occurrence network analysis indicated that only soil Archaea formed stable modules. Keystone species (ASVs) were identified mainly from Methanomassiliicoccales, Nitrososphaerales, Nitrosopumilales. Overall, these results indicate a strong habitat-dependent distribution of Archaea and their functional partitions within the local environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raven Bier
- Microbiology Division, Stroud Water Research Center, Avondale, PA, United States
| | - Laura Zgleszewski
- Microbiology Division, Stroud Water Research Center, Avondale, PA, United States
| | - Marc Peipoch
- Microbiology Division, Stroud Water Research Center, Avondale, PA, United States
| | | | | | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chuanlun Zhang
- Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Kan
- Microbiology Division, Stroud Water Research Center, Avondale, PA, United States.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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46
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Xiang Q, Chen QL, Zhu D, Yang XR, Qiao M, Hu HW, Zhu YG. Microbial functional traits in phyllosphere are more sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance than in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114954. [PMID: 32544665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil-plant microbiome plays a critical role in the regulation of terrestrial ecosystem function and service, including biogeochemical cycling and primary production. The lack of knowledge regarding the differences in microbial functional traits, i.e. the functional genes related to carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) cycles, between soil and plant microbiomes hampers our prediction of the terrestrial nutrient cycling processes under the pressure of anthropogenic disturbance. Herein, a quantitative microbial element cycling (QMEC) method and amplicon sequencing was employed to characterize CNPS cycling genes and microbial communities in soil and plant samples collected from peri-urban farmland with high anthropogenic disturbance and forest ecosystem with minimal disturbance. The soil-plant system harbored a diverse array of CNPS cycling genes, which were significantly more abundant in soil than in phyllosphere. The overall CNPS gene profiles in farmland samples was distinct from that of forest samples in both soil and plant phyllosphere. Farmland samples had a lower abundance of CNPS cycling genes than forest samples, indicating that intensive agricultural management practices may consequently compromise the biogeochemical cycling potential of nutrients. Significant positive correlations between the abundance of CNPS cycling genes and microbial diversity were observed in phyllosphere microbiome but not in soil, suggesting that the functional redundancy in soil microbiome may be higher than that of phyllosphere microbiome. Taken together, we provide experimental evidence for the substantial impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on CNPS cycling genes in the soil-plant system and necessitate future efforts to unravel the plant microbiome diversity and functionality under the pressure of global changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
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47
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Zhang X, Chen X, Liu M, Xu Z, Wei H. Coupled changes in soil organic carbon fractions and microbial community composition in urban and suburban forests. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15933. [PMID: 32985613 PMCID: PMC7522236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and rapid urbanization have greatly impacted urban forest ecosystems and the carbon (C) cycle. To assess the effects of urbanization on forest soil C and soil microorganisms, six natural forests in a highly-urbanized region were selected as the research objects. Soil samples were collected to investigate the content and fractions of the soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as the soil microbial community composition. The results showed that the SOC content and fractions were substantially lower in the urban forests than in the suburban forests. Meanwhile, the total amount of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) at suburban sites was twice more than that at urban sites, with shifts in microbial community structure. The potential differences in C inputs and nutrient limitation in urban forests may aggravate the low quantity and quality of SOC and consequently impact microbial community abundance and structure. Variation in microbial community structure was found to explain the loss of soil C pools by affecting the C inputs and promoting the decomposition of SOC. Therefore, the coupled changes in SOC and soil microorganisms induced by urbanization may adversely affect soil C sequestration in subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Muying Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhanying Xu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hui Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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48
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Cen Y, Guo L, Liu M, Gu X, Li C, Jiang G. Using organic fertilizers to increase crop yield, economic growth, and soil quality in a temperate farmland. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9668. [PMID: 32879791 PMCID: PMC7443080 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a constant total N application base rate to conduct a two-year field experiment comparing the effects of three organic fertilizers (rapeseed meal (RSM), soybean meal (SBM), and cattle manure (CM)) on the crop yield, economic growth, and soil quality of a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system. Winter wheat and summer maize in rapeseed meal treatment (RSMT), soybean meal treatment (SBMT), and cattle manure treatment (CMT) showed yield increases of 161%, 299%, and 256%, respectively, when compared to no organic fertilizer treatment (CK) (P < 0.05). The annual net incomes of SBMT and CMT were 1.46 and 1.42 times higher, respectively, than RSMT. Compared to the results of the CK group, RSM, SBM, and CM stimulated the soil physically, chemically, and biologically. We found the highest soil macroaggregate proportions, soil organic matter (SOM) levels, total N (TN) levels, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) levels in SBMT. The highest soil pH, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) levels, and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) levels were observed in CMT. We used a soil quality index (SQI) to evaluate soil quality. After the two-year fertilization treatments, we calculated the SQI using a minimum data set (MDS). We used SOM levels and actinomycete quantity for the MDS properties. The SQI values were significantly different across the four treatments, with the highest values occurring in SBMT, then CMT and RSMT. In conclusion, SBM and CM were more effective than RSM at maintaining crop yield, economic growth, and soil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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49
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Xiao H, Wang B, Lu S, Chen D, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Hu S, Bai Y. Soil acidification reduces the effects of short-term nutrient enrichment on plant and soil biota and their interactions in grasslands. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4626-4637. [PMID: 32438518 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents, and soil acidification have greatly increased in grassland ecosystems due to increased industrial and agricultural activities. As major environmental and economic concerns worldwide, nutrient enrichment and soil acidification can lead to substantial changes in the diversity and structure of plant and soil communities. Although the separate effects of N and P enrichment on soil food webs have been assessed across different ecosystems, the combined effects of N and P enrichment on multiple trophic levels in soil food webs have not been studied in semiarid grasslands experiencing soil acidification. Here we conducted a short-term N and P enrichment experiment in non-acidified and acidified soil in a semiarid grassland on the Mongolian Plateau. We found that net primary productivity was not affected by N or P enrichment alone in either non-acidified or acidified soil, but was increased by combined N and P enrichment in both non-acidified and acidified soil. Nutrient enrichment decreased the biomass of most microbial groups in non-acidified soil (the decrease tended to be greatest with combined N and P enrichment) but not in acidified soil, and did not affect most soil nematode variables in non-acidified or acidified soil. Nutrient enrichment also changed plant and microbial community structure in non-acidified but not in acidified soil, and had no effect on nematode community structure in non-acidified or acidified soil. These results indicate that the responses to short-term nutrient enrichment were weaker for higher trophic groups (nematodes) than for lower trophic groups (microorganisms) and primary producers (plants). The findings increase our understanding of the effects of nutrient enrichment on multiple trophic levels of soil food webs, and highlight that soil acidification, as an anthropogenic stressor, reduced the responses of plants and soil food webs to nutrient enrichment and weakened plant-soil interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shunbao Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dima Chen
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaption and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yongfei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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50
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Zhang G, Liu X, Gao M, Song Z. Effect of Fe-Mn-Ce modified biochar composite on microbial diversity and properties of arsenic-contaminated paddy soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126249. [PMID: 32105859 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the mechanism of decrease in arsenic (As) bioavailability after addition of biochar (BC) supplemented with iron (Fe)- manganese (Mn)- cerium (Ce) oxide (FMCBC) to As-contaminated paddy soil. We explored the effects of these composites on the oxidation, reduction, microbial community, and soil enzyme activity of As-contaminated paddy soil. Results showed that FMCBCs improve soil pH, significantly improve the redox capacity of soil, and reduce bioavailable forms of As. FMCBCs can convert As from a specifically or non-specifically bound form into amorphous hydrous oxide bound- and crystalline hydrous oxide bound form. The application of FMCBCs increased soil enzyme activity (urease, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, and peroxidase), and greatly influenced the relative abundance of certain microorganisms (Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes), which improved soil enzyme heavy metal tolerance and prevented their denaturation. Thus, FMCBCs can not only change the form and distribution of As in soil but also create an environment suitable for microbial growth, consequently affecting the geochemical cycling of As in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xuewei Liu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Minling Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhengguo Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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