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Bohara S, Suthakorn J. Surface coating of orthopedic implant to enhance the osseointegration and reduction of bacterial colonization: a review. Biomater Res 2022; 26:26. [PMID: 35725501 PMCID: PMC9208209 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of orthopedic implants in surgical technology has fostered restoration of physiological functions. Along with successful treatment, orthopedic implants suffer from various complications and fail to offer functions correspondent to native physiology. The major problems include aseptic and septic loosening due to bone nonunion and implant site infection due to bacterial colonization. Crucial advances in material selection in the design and development of coating matrixes an opportunity for the prevention of implant failure. However, many coating materials are limited in in-vitro testing and few of them thrive in clinical tests. The rate of implant failure has surged with the increasing rates of revision surgery creating physical and sensitive discomfort as well as economic burdens. To overcome critical pathogenic activities several systematic coating techniques have been developed offering excellent results that combat infection and enhance bone integration. This review article includes some more common implant coating matrixes with excellent in vitro and in vivo results focusing on infection rates, causes, complications, coating materials, host immune responses and significant research gaps. This study provides a comprehensive overview of potential coating technology, with functional combination coatings which are focused on ultimate clinical practice with substantial improvement on in-vivo tests. This includes the development of rapidly growing hydrogel coating techniques with the potential to generate several accurate and precise coating procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Bohara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical and Robotics Technology (BART LAB), Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Jackrit Suthakorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical and Robotics Technology (BART LAB), Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.
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Engfeldt B, Hjertquist SO. The effect of various fixatives on the preservation of acid glycosaminoglycans in tissues. ACTA PATHOLOGICA ET MICROBIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2009; 71:219-32. [PMID: 4230340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1967.tb05160.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Sampaio LO, Nader HB. Emergence and structural characteristics of chondroitin sulfates in the animal kingdom. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2006; 53:233-51. [PMID: 17239769 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(05)53011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia O Sampaio
- Disciplina de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
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Guppies, toadfish, lungfish, coelacanths and frogs: a scenario for the evolution of urea retention in fishes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3194-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kariya Y, Watabe S, Ochiai Y, Murata K, Hashimoto K. Glycosaminoglycan involved in the cation-induced change of body wall structure of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. Connect Tissue Res 1990; 25:149-59. [PMID: 2261775 DOI: 10.3109/03008209009006989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The body wall of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus was treated with various concentrations of several cations, and examined for changes in toughness, taking punch force as parameter. Toughness of the body wall tended to decrease with increasing concentration of each cation, but in different modes depending mainly upon the valency of cation: e.g., the body wall completely lost toughness in 0.3 M Na+ or 0.4 M K+, whereas it retained more than half the initial toughness even in 0.4 M Ca2+ or Mg2+. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) from the body wall was dissolved in water, and examined for viscosity changes as caused by those cations. Specific viscosity (eta sp) decreased from 0.71 (without cation) to 0.47-0.57 in the presence of 0.1 M monovalent and divalent cations. At 0.4 M, monovalent cations reduced eta sp to 0.38-0.46, but divalent cations increased eta sp to 0.56-0.63. Electron microscopy demonstrated that GAG matrix was clearly observed in the absence of cation, but disappeared in 0.4 M NaCl, forming wide free spaces in the body wall. These results all suggested that GAG is closely involved in the change of toughness of sea cucumber body wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kariya
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Griffith RW, Umminger BL, Grant BF, Pang PK, Pickford GE. Serum composition of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae Smith. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1974; 187:87-102. [PMID: 4810011 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401870111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Wasserman L, Ber A, Allalouf D. Acidic glycosaminoglycan composition of the gills of Cyprinus carpio. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 42:669-77. [PMID: 4263077 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(72)90328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mathews MB. Comparative biochemistry of chondroitin sulphate-proteins of cartilage and notochord. Biochem J 1971; 125:37-46. [PMID: 5158921 PMCID: PMC1178023 DOI: 10.1042/bj1250037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Fragments that consisted mainly of two polysaccharide chains joined by a short polypeptide bridge (doublets) were prepared from chondroitin sulphate-proteins of lamprey, sturgeon, elasmobranch and ox connective tissues after hydrolysis with trypsin and chymotrypsin. Consideration of molecular parameters, compositions and behaviour on gel electrophoresis and density-gradient fractionation leads to a proposed parent structure for chondroitin sulphate-proteins. A single polypeptide chain of about 2000 amino acid residues contains alternating short and long repeating sequences. A short sequence consists of less than 10 amino acid residues with one N-terminal and one C-terminal serine residue, each of which carries a polysaccharide chain linked glycosidically to its hydroxyl group. This structure constitutes the doublet subunit. Some variation is introduced when the doublet subunit carries only a single polysaccharide chain. The long sequence contains about 35 amino acid residues and is subject to cleavage by trypsin and chymotrypsin. The main polypeptide is probably homologous in the vertebrate sub-phylum with strong conservation of structure suggested for the short sequence. However, polymorphism of polypeptide structures cannot be excluded.
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Frederickson RG, Low FN. The fine structure of perinotochordal microfibrils in control and enzyme-treated chick embryos. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY 1971; 130:347-75. [PMID: 4324322 DOI: 10.1002/aja.1001300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Varadi DP, Griffiths C. Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in normal human urine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 230:248-52. [PMID: 5573358 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(71)90209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Kobayashi S. Acid mucopolysaccharides in calcified tissues. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1971; 30:257-371. [PMID: 4332845 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Mathews MB, Decker L. The effect of acid mucopolysaccharides and acid mucopolysaccharide-proteins on fibril formation from collagen solutions. Biochem J 1968; 109:517-26. [PMID: 4234698 PMCID: PMC1186937 DOI: 10.1042/bj1090517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. The effects of acid mucopolysaccharides and acid mucopolysaccharide-proteins on the size and rate of formation of fibril aggregates from collagen solutions in pH7.6 buffers were studied by turbidimetric and light-scattering methods. 2. Serum albumin, orosomucoid, methylated cellulose, chondroitin sulphate A and chondroitin sulphate C of molecular weight less than 20000, and hyaluronate of molecular weight less than 40000 did not influence rates of fibril formation. Chondroitin sulphate A, chondroitin sulphate C and hyaluronate of high molecular weight retarded the rate of fibril formation. This effect of high-molecular-weight chondroitin sulphate C decreased with increasing ionic strength. Heparin, though of low molecular weight (13000), was highly effective, as was also heparitin sulphate. The chondroitin sulphate-proteins of very high molecular weight were highly effective, despite the fact that for some preparations the component chondroitin sulphate chains had molecular weights much less than 20000. 3. Agents that had delayed fibril formation were also effective in producing an increase in degree of aggregation of fibrillar collagen, as indicated by dissymmetry changes observed in light-scattering experiments at low collagen concentrations. Methylated cellulose and heparin at 2.5mug./ml. were unusual in decreasing aggregation, but heparin at 0.25mug./ml. increased aggregation. Electron microscopy of gels showed fibrils and fibril aggregates with ;normal' collagen spacing and dimensions consistent with the light-scattering results. 4. The rates of electrical transport of agents and of solvent (electro-osmosis) through collagen gels indicated a contribution of molecular entanglement that increased with increase in molecular size of the agents. Electrostatic binding of heparin to collagen was noted. Binding to collagen during fibril formation was also found for heparitin sulphate and a chondroitin sulphate with extra sulphate groups. 5. Electrostatic binding of acid mucopolysaccharide-proteins to collagen may be an important factor in the organization and functioning of connective tissues at all stages of growth and development. Excluded-volume (molecular-entanglement) effects may also be important. These factors operate simultaneously and interact mutually so that precise assessment of their relative importance is difficult.
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Suzuki S, Saito H, Yamagata T, Anno K, Seno N, Kawai Y, Furuhashi T. Formation of Three Types of Disulfated Disaccharides from Chondroitin Sulfates by Chondroitinase Digestion. J Biol Chem 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)93576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Mathews MB, Decker L. The distribution of sulfate groups in chondroitin sulfate chains. Detection of "oversulfated" and "undersulfated" repeating periods. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 156:419-21. [PMID: 5641922 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(68)90277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Nakagaki M, Ikeda K. Effect of the Ionic Strength on the Behavior of Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate C in Aqueous Solutions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1968. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.41.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Fransson LA, Anseth A. Studies on corneal polysaccharides. IV. Chromatography of corneal glycosaminoglycans on ECTEOLA cellulose using formate buffers as eluting solvents. Exp Eye Res 1967; 6:107-19. [PMID: 4225810 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4835(67)80061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bondareff W. An intercellular substance in rat cerebral cortex: Submicroscopic distribution of ruthenium red. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.1091570312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Dalferes ER, Radhakrishnamurthy B, Berenson GS. Acid mucopolysaccharides of amyloid tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys 1967; 118:284-91. [PMID: 4226733 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(67)90350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mathews MB, Glagov S. Acid mucopolysaccharide patterns in aging human cartilage. J Clin Invest 1966; 45:1103-11. [PMID: 4226136 PMCID: PMC292782 DOI: 10.1172/jci105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Bondareff W. Electron microscopic evidence for the existence of an intercellular substance in rat cerebral cortex. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ZELLFORSCHUNG UND MIKROSKOPISCHE ANATOMIE (VIENNA, AUSTRIA : 1948) 1966; 72:487-95. [PMID: 4168188 DOI: 10.1007/bf00319254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mathews MB. The interaction of collagen and acid mucopolysaccharides. A model for connective tissue. Biochem J 1965; 96:710-6. [PMID: 4222034 PMCID: PMC1207207 DOI: 10.1042/bj0960710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. The interaction of acid mucopolysaccharides of connective tissue with solubilized collagen of native, or near-native, structure was investigated by free solution electrophoresis at pH7.0. 2. Complex-formation was detected by the appearance of a third peak in the ascending limb only, indicating reversible association. 3. Complex-formation was destroyed by prior heating of solubilized collagen, indicating a probable requirement for high molecular weight or internal structure of the protein. 4. Hyaluronate and chondroitin sulphate of mol.wt. 50000 gave complexes with soluble collagen at I 0.4, whereas heparin and chondroitin sulphate of mol.wt. 15000-18000 did not. All mucopolysaccharides yielded complexes at I 0.1. The stability of the complex appears mainly dependent on electrostatic forces and is increased with increase in chain length of the polysaccharide. 5. Solubilized collagen interacted to yield gels with the ;native' chondroitin sulphate-protein macro-molecule from cartilage. 6. A schematic model for the interaction of collagen and chondroitin sulphate-protein macromolecules shows parallel-ordered interaction of collagen fibrils with chondroitin sulphate side chains of the chondroitin sulphate-protein macromolecule. The biological implications of this model are discussed, particularly in relation to the ordered structures and the ionic-network properties of the intercellular components of connective tissue.
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Lindahl U, Cifonelli J, Lindahl B, Rodén L. The Role of Serine in the Linkage of Heparin to Protein. J Biol Chem 1965. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)97252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Hunt S, Jevons FR. The polysaccharide sulphate-peptide complex in the hypobranchial mucin of Buccinum undatum L. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 101:214-6. [PMID: 5852520 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6534(65)90052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Anderson B, Hoffman P, Meyer K. The O-Serine Linkage in Peptides of Chondroitin 4- or 6-Sulfate. J Biol Chem 1965. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)97630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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MATHEWS MB. Structural factors in cation binding to anionic polysaccharides of connective tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys 1964; 104:394-404. [PMID: 14161007 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(64)90481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Muir H. Chemistry and metabolism of connective tissue glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESEARCH 1964; 2:101-54. [PMID: 4225019 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-6751-0.50009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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The Phylogeny of Mineralized Tissues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-9977-1.50013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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GREEN JP, ROBERTS M, DAY M. The sulfomucopolysaccharides from a mast cell tumor of the mouse. Biochem Pharmacol 1963; 12:609-20. [PMID: 13950085 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(63)90035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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ANDERSON B, HOFFMAN P, MEYER K. A serine-linked peptide of chondroitin sulfate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1963; 74:309-11. [PMID: 14040771 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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