1
|
Honoré B, Hajari JN, Pedersen TT, Ilginis T, Al-Abaiji HA, Lønkvist CS, Saunte JP, Olsen DA, Brandslund I, Vorum H, Slidsborg C. Proteomic analysis of diabetic retinopathy identifies potential plasma-protein biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1177-1197. [PMID: 38332693 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify molecular pathways and prognostic- and diagnostic plasma-protein biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy at various stages. METHODS This exploratory, cross-sectional proteomics study involved plasma from 68 adults, including 15 healthy controls and 53 diabetes patients for various stages of diabetic retinopathy: non-diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Plasma was incubated with peptide library beads and eluted proteins were tryptic digested, analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry followed by bioinformatics. RESULTS In the 68 samples, 248 of the 731 identified plasma-proteins were present in all samples. Analysis of variance showed differential expression of 58 proteins across the five disease subgroups. Protein-Protein Interaction network (STRING) showed enrichment of various pathways during the diabetic stages. In addition, stage-specific driver proteins were detected for early and advanced diabetic retinopathy. Hierarchical clustering showed distinct protein profiles according to disease severity and disease type. CONCLUSIONS Molecular pathways in the cholesterol metabolism, complement system, and coagulation cascade were enriched in patients at various stages of diabetic retinopathy. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway and systemic lupus erythematosus pathways were enriched in early diabetic retinopathy. Stage-specific proteins for early - and advanced diabetic retinopathy as determined herein could be 'key' players in driving disease development and potential 'target' proteins for future therapies. For type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, the proteomic profiles were especially distinct during the early disease stage. Validation studies should aim to clarify the role of the detected molecular pathways, potential biomarkers, and potential 'target' proteins for future therapies in diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Javad Nouri Hajari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Torp Pedersen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomas Ilginis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hajer Ahmad Al-Abaiji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claes Sepstrup Lønkvist
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jon Peiter Saunte
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte Aalund Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Carina Slidsborg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan T, Guo X, Yang D, Ding J, Chen C. Expression and significance of procalcitonin, leukotriene B4, serum amyloid A, and C-reactive protein in children with different types of pneumonia: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37817. [PMID: 38728486 PMCID: PMC11081565 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), Serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with different types of pneumonia caused by different pathogenic infections. One hundred and one children with pneumonia admitted to The Fifth People Hospital of Zhuhai from July 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled and divided into 38 cases in the bacterial group, 30 cases in the mycoplasma group, and 33 cases in the virus group according to the different types of pathogens. The patients were divided into 42 cases in the noncritical group, 33 cases in the critical group, and 26 cases in the very critical group according to the pediatric clinical illness score (PCIS), and 30 healthy children were selected as the control group during the same period. Comparison of serum PCT, SAA: bacterial group > mycoplasma group > viral group > control group with significant differences (P < .05). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curves (AUCs) of serum PCT, LTB4, SAA, and CRP for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia were 1.000, 0.531, 0.969, and 0.833, respectively, and the AUCs for the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia were 0.653, 0.609, 0.547, and 0.652, respectively, and the AUCs for the diagnosis of viral pneumonia were 0.888, 0.570, 0.955, and 1.000, respectively. Comparison of serum PCT, LTB4, SAA: very critical group > critical group > noncritical group > control group, with significant differences (P < .05). Serum PCT, LTB4, and SAA were negatively correlated with PCIS score by Pearson analysis (P < .05). Serum PCT and SAA showed diagnostic value for bacterial pneumonia, and serum SAA and CRP showed diagnostic value for viral pneumonia; serum PCT, LTB4, and SAA correlate with severity of disease and show higher expression with worsening of the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinghui Pan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiwen Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Dehui Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jundong Ding
- Department of Paediatrics, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengxian Chen
- Department of Neuromedicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Danielsen PH, Poulsen SS, Knudsen KB, Clausen PA, Jensen KA, Wallin H, Vogel U. Physicochemical properties of 26 carbon nanotubes as predictors for pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response in mice following intratracheal lung exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104413. [PMID: 38485102 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) vary in physicochemical properties which makes risk assessment challenging. Mice were pulmonary exposed to 26 well-characterized CNTs using the same experimental design and followed for one day, 28 days or 3 months. This resulted in a unique dataset, which was used to identify physicochemical predictors of pulmonary inflammation and systemic acute phase response. MWCNT diameter and SWCNT specific surface area were predictive of lower and higher neutrophil influx, respectively. Manganese and iron were shown to be predictive of higher neutrophil influx at day 1 post-exposure, whereas nickel content interestingly was predictive of lower neutrophil influx at all three time points and of lowered acute phase response at day 1 and 3 months post-exposure. It was not possible to separate effects of properties such as specific surface area and length in the multiple regression analyses due to co-variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Høgh Danielsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Pb 5330 Majorstuen, Oslo 0304, Norway; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K DK-1014, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Lyngby DK-2800 Kgs, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vogel U, Saber AT, Jacobsen NR, Danielsen PH, Hougaard KS, Hadrup N. Re-evaluation of the occupational exposure limit for ZnO is warranted. Comments on 'Systemic inflammatory effects of zinc oxide particles: is a re-evaluation of exposure limits needed?' by Christian Monsé et al. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:567-569. [PMID: 38038737 PMCID: PMC10794257 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Biskos G, Loeschner K, Brostrøm A, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Sørli JB, Hadrup N, Vogel U. Comparison of acute phase response in mice after inhalation and intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten particles. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:265-278. [PMID: 37312155 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation studies are the gold standard for assessing the toxicity of airborne materials. They require considerable time, special equipment, and large amounts of test material. Intratracheal instillation is considered a screening and hazard assessment tool as it is simple, quick, allows control of the applied dose, and requires less test material. The particle-induced pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response in mice caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles were compared. End points included neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver tissue, and SAA3 plasma protein. Acute phase response was used as a biomarker for the risk of cardiovascular disease. Intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles did not produce pulmonary inflammation, while molybdenum disulphide particles induced pulmonary acute phase response with both exposure methods and systemic acute phase response after intratracheal instillation. Inhalation and intratracheal instillation showed similar dose-response relationships for pulmonary and systemic acute phase response when molybdenum disulphide was expressed as dosed surface area. Both exposure methods showed similar responses for molybdenum disulphide and tungsten, suggesting that intratracheal instillation can be used for screening particle-induced acute phase response and thereby particle-induced cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
den Hartigh LJ, May KS, Zhang XS, Chait A, Blaser MJ. Serum amyloid A and metabolic disease: evidence for a critical role in chronic inflammatory conditions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1197432. [PMID: 37396595 PMCID: PMC10311072 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1197432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) subtypes 1-3 are well-described acute phase reactants that are elevated in acute inflammatory conditions such as infection, tissue injury, and trauma, while SAA4 is constitutively expressed. SAA subtypes also have been implicated as playing roles in chronic metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and possibly in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Distinctions between the expression kinetics of SAA in acute inflammatory responses and chronic disease states suggest the potential for differentiating SAA functions. Although circulating SAA levels can rise up to 1,000-fold during an acute inflammatory event, elevations are more modest (∼5-fold) in chronic metabolic conditions. The majority of acute-phase SAA derives from the liver, while in chronic inflammatory conditions SAA also derives from adipose tissue, the intestine, and elsewhere. In this review, roles for SAA subtypes in chronic metabolic disease states are contrasted to current knowledge about acute phase SAA. Investigations show distinct differences between SAA expression and function in human and animal models of metabolic disease, as well as sexual dimorphism of SAA subtype responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. den Hartigh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Karolline S. May
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xue-Song Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Alan Chait
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Martin J. Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ji A, Trumbauer AC, Noffsinger VP, de Beer FC, Webb NR, Tannock LR, Shridas P. Serum amyloid A augments the atherogenic effects of cholesteryl ester transfer protein. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100365. [PMID: 37004910 PMCID: PMC10165456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is predictive of CVD in humans and causes atherosclerosis in mice. SAA has many proatherogenic effects in vitro. However, HDL, the major carrier of SAA in the circulation, masks these effects. The remodeling of HDL by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) liberates SAA restoring its proinflammatory activity. Here, we investigated whether deficiency of SAA suppresses the previously described proatherogenic effect of CETP. ApoE-/- mice and apoE-/- mice deficient in the three acute-phase isoforms of SAA (SAA1.1, SAA2.1, and SAA3; "apoE-/- SAA-TKO") with and without adeno-associated virus-mediated expression of CETP were studied. There was no effect of CETP expression or SAA genotype on plasma lipids or inflammatory markers. Atherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic arch of apoE-/- mice was 5.9 ± 1.2%; CETP expression significantly increased atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice (13.1 ± 2.2%). However, atherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic arch of apoE-/- SAA-TKO mice (5.1 ± 1.1%) was not significantly increased by CETP expression (6.2 ± 0.9%). The increased atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice expressing CETP was associated with markedly increased SAA immunostaining in aortic root sections. Thus, SAA augments the atherogenic effects of CETP, which suggests that inhibiting CETP may be of particular benefit in patients with high SAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Ji
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrea C Trumbauer
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Victoria P Noffsinger
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Preetha Shridas
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Belosi F, Koivisto AJ, Furxhi I, de Ipiña JL, Nicosia A, Ravegnani F, Ortelli S, Zanoni I, Costa A. Critical aspects in occupational exposure assessment with different aerosol metrics in an industrial spray coating process. NANOIMPACT 2023; 30:100459. [PMID: 36948454 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) have several uses in various industrial fields and are embedded in a myriad of consumer products. However, there is continued concern over the potential adverse health effects and environmental impacts of ENMs due to their unique physico-chemical characteristics. Currently, there are no specific international regulations for various ENMs. There are also no Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) regulated by the European Union (EU) for nanomaterials in the form of nano-objects, their aggregates or agglomerates (NOAA). For ENMs the question of which metric to be used (i.e., mass, surface area, number concentrations) to determine the exposure is still not resolved. The aim of this work is to assess the worker exposure by inhalation in an industrial spray coating process by using all three metrics mentioned above. Two target ENMs (N-doped TiO2, TiO2N and AgNPs capped with a quaternized hydroxyethyl-cellulose, AgHEC) generated for industrial-scale spraying processes were considered. Results showed that the averaged particle number concentration (10-100 nm) was below 2.7 104 cm-3 for both materials. The Lung Deposited Surface Area (LDSA) was in the range between 73 and 98 μm2cm-3 and the particle mass concentration (obtained by means of ICP-EOS off-line analysis) resulted below 70 μg m-3 and 0.4 μg m-3 for TiO2 and Ag, respectively. Although, the airborne particles concentration compared well with the NIOSH Recommended Exposure Level (REL) limits the contribution to the background, according to EN 17058 (Annex E) was significant (particularly in the particle number and PM1 mass concentrations). We successfully evaluated the worker exposure by means of the different airborne particles' metrics (number, surface and mass concentrations). We concluded that worker exposure assessment involving ENMs is a complex procedure with requires both real time and off-line measurements and a deep investigation of the background.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Belosi
- CNR-ISAC, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antti Joonas Koivisto
- Air Pollution Management APM, Mattilanmäki 38, 33610 Tampere, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, PL 64, FI-00014 UHEL, Helsinki, Finland; ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, Wondelgem B-9032, Belgium
| | - Irini Furxhi
- Transgero Limited, Cullinagh, Newcastle West, Co. Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Jesús Lopez de Ipiña
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Leonardo Da Vinci 11, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Alessia Nicosia
- CNR-ISAC, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ravegnani
- CNR-ISAC, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Ortelli
- CNR-ISSMC (former ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Zanoni
- CNR-ISSMC (former ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna Costa
- CNR-ISSMC (former ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Phair IR, Nisr RB, Howden AJM, Sovakova M, Alqurashi N, Foretz M, Lamont D, Viollet B, Rena G. AMPK integrates metabolite and kinase-based immunometabolic control in macrophages. Mol Metab 2023; 68:101661. [PMID: 36586434 PMCID: PMC9842865 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous mechanistic studies on immunometabolism have focused on metabolite-based paradigms of regulation, such as itaconate. Here, we, demonstrate integration of metabolite and kinase-based immunometabolic control by AMP kinase. METHODS We combined whole cell quantitative proteomics with gene knockout of AMPKα1. RESULTS Comparing macrophages with AMPKα1 catalytic subunit deletion with wild-type, inflammatory markers are largely unchanged in unstimulated cells, but with an LPS stimulus, AMPKα1 knockout leads to a striking M1 hyperpolarisation. Deletion of AMPKα1 also resulted in increased expression of rate-limiting enzymes involved in itaconate synthesis, metabolism of glucose, arginine, prostaglandins and cholesterol. Consistent with this, we observed functional changes in prostaglandin synthesis and arginine metabolism. Selective AMPKα1 activation also unlocks additional regulation of IL-6 and IL-12 in M1 macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results validate AMPK as a pivotal immunometabolic regulator in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iain R Phair
- Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Raid B Nisr
- Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Andrew J M Howden
- Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
| | - Magdalena Sovakova
- Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Noor Alqurashi
- Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Marc Foretz
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F-75014 Paris, France.
| | - Douglas Lamont
- Centre for Advanced Scientific Technologies, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F-75014 Paris, France.
| | - Graham Rena
- Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dai J, Zhang X, Zhou J, Pan W, Yu F. Clinical performance evaluation of serum amyloid A module of Mindray BC-7500CS automated hematology analyzer. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:20-30. [PMID: 36798927 PMCID: PMC9926133 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory detection of high values of serum amyloid A (SAA) is impaired by the hook effect. In response to this problem, Mindray has launched the new generation BC-7500CS automated hematology analyzer with an SAA autodilution (SAA-D) function. The present study aimed to verify the performance of the SAA module. METHODS Venous whole-blood specimens anticoagulated with EDTA-K2 were randomly collected from outpatients and inpatient of the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (CH). Background, repeatability, precision, linear range, intermode comparison, and interference of the SAA module of the Mindray BC-7500CS were evaluated, and the performance of the SAA-D function was verified. RESULTS The Mindray BC-7500CS showed an SAA background of 0.14 mg/L, well below that claimed by the manufacturer. Repeatability of SAA with standard deviation (SD) <0.6 mg/L and coefficient of variation (CV) <6%, the quality control (QC) precision was less than 8%. The measured value of the linear range was essentially consistent with the theoretical value, and the maximum measured values could reach 1932.38 mg/L. The deviation between whole-blood mode and micro-whole-blood mode was small (r=0.999), and the SAA module displayed high anti-interference ability. In addition, the measured results of specimens with high SAA concentration diluted by SAA-D were close to those after manual dilution (r=0.993). CONCLUSIONS The SAA module of the Mindray BC-7500CS had excellent performance, and the SAA-D function was highly accurate at measuring specimens with high SAA concentration, enabling reliable SAA detection in the laboratory and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Brostrøm A, Wolff H, Szarek J, Berthing T, Mortensen A, Jensen KA, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Biskos G, Vogel U. Acute phase response following pulmonary exposure to soluble and insoluble metal oxide nanomaterials in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36650530 PMCID: PMC9843849 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute phase response (APR) is characterized by a change in concentration of different proteins, including C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (SAA) that can be linked to both exposure to metal oxide nanomaterials and risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we intratracheally exposed mice to ZnO, CuO, Al2O3, SnO2 and TiO2 and carbon black (Printex 90) nanomaterials with a wide range in phagolysosomal solubility. We subsequently assessed neutrophil numbers, protein and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 and Saa1 mRNA levels in lung and liver tissue, respectively, and SAA3 and SAA1/2 in plasma. Endpoints were analyzed 1 and 28 days after exposure, including histopathology of lung and liver tissues. RESULTS All nanomaterials induced pulmonary inflammation after 1 day, and exposure to ZnO, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver. Additionally, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased plasma levels of SAA3 and SAA1/2. Acute phase response was predicted by deposited surface area for insoluble metal oxides, 1 and 28 days post-exposure. CONCLUSION Soluble and insoluble metal oxides induced dose-dependent APR with different time dependency. Neutrophil influx, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and plasma SAA3 levels correlated across all studied nanomaterials, suggesting that these endpoints can be used as biomarkers of acute phase response and cardiovascular disease risk following exposure to soluble and insoluble particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Józef Szarek
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Trine Berthing
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Biskos
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus ,grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang X, Zhang Y, Huang J, Gao W, Yongfang X, Zeng C, Gao C. The effect of FMT and vitamin C on immunity-related genes in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15356. [PMID: 37193034 PMCID: PMC10183171 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are double-edged swords. Although antibiotics are used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, they also run the risk of destroying some of the healthy bacteria in our bodies. We examined the effect of penicillin on the organism through a microarray dataset, after which 12 genes related to immuno-inflammatory pathways were selected by reading the literature and validated using neomycin and ampicillin. The expression of genes was measured using qRT-PCR. Several genes were significantly overexpressed in antibiotic-treated mice, including CD74 and SAA2 in intestinal tissues that remained extremely expressed after natural recovery. Moreover, transplantation of fecal microbiota from healthy mice to antibiotic-treated mice was made, where GZMB, CD3G, H2-AA, PSMB9, CD74, and SAA1 were greatly expressed; however, SAA2 was downregulated and normal expression was restored, and in liver tissue, SAA1, SAA2, SAA3 were extremely expressed. After the addition of vitamin C, which has positive effects in several aspects, to the fecal microbiota transplantation, in the intestinal tissues, the genes that were highly expressed after the fecal microbiota transplantation effectively reduced their expression, and the unaffected genes remained normally expressed, but the CD74 gene remained highly expressed. In liver tissues, normally expressed genes were not affected, but the expression of SAA1 was reduced and the expression of SAA3 was increased. In other words, fecal microbiota transplantation did not necessarily bring about a positive effect of gene expression restoration, but the addition of vitamin C effectively reduced the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and regulated the balance of the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
| | - Yv Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
| | - Junsong Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Gao
- Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Xie Yongfang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuisheng Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Tele-communications, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vyletelová V, Nováková M, Pašková Ľ. Alterations of HDL's to piHDL's Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1278. [PMID: 36297390 PMCID: PMC9611871 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, steatohepatitis, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease, and others are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which persists even after accounting for traditional cardiac risk factors. The common factor linking these diseases to accelerated atherosclerosis is chronic systemic low-grade inflammation triggering changes in lipoprotein structure and metabolism. HDL, an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, is a lipoprotein particle with numerous important anti-atherogenic properties. Besides the essential role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Inflammation and inflammation-associated pathologies can cause modifications in HDL's proteome and lipidome, transforming HDL from atheroprotective into a pro-atherosclerotic lipoprotein. Therefore, a simple increase in HDL concentration in patients with inflammatory diseases has not led to the desired anti-atherogenic outcome. In this review, the functions of individual protein components of HDL, rendering them either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory are described in detail. Alterations of HDL proteome (such as replacing atheroprotective proteins by pro-inflammatory proteins, or posttranslational modifications) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and their impact on cardiovascular health are discussed. Finally, molecular, and clinical aspects of HDL-targeted therapies, including those used in therapeutical practice, drugs in clinical trials, and experimental drugs are comprehensively summarised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Louro H, Gomes BC, Saber AT, Iamiceli AL, Göen T, Jones K, Katsonouri A, Neophytou CM, Vogel U, Ventura C, Oberemm A, Duca RC, Fernandez MF, Olea N, Santonen T, Viegas S, Silva MJ. The Use of Human Biomonitoring to Assess Occupational Exposure to PAHs in Europe: A Comprehensive Review. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080480. [PMID: 36006159 PMCID: PMC9414426 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the chemicals with proven impact on workers' health. The use of human biomonitoring (HBM) to assess occupational exposure to PAHs has become more common in recent years, but the data generated need an overall view to make them more usable by regulators and policymakers. This comprehensive review, developed under the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) Initiative, was based on the literature available from 2008-2022, aiming to present and discuss the information on occupational exposure to PAHs, in order to identify the strengths and limitations of exposure and effect biomarkers and the knowledge needs for regulation in the workplace. The most frequently used exposure biomarker is urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PYR), a metabolite of pyrene. As effect biomarkers, those based on the measurement of oxidative stress (urinary 8-oxo-dG adducts) and genotoxicity (blood DNA strand-breaks) are the most common. Overall, a need to advance new harmonized approaches both in data and sample collection and in the use of appropriate biomarkers in occupational studies to obtain reliable and comparable data on PAH exposure in different industrial sectors, was noted. Moreover, the use of effect biomarkers can assist to identify work environments or activities of high risk, thus enabling preventive risk mitigation and management measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henriqueta Louro
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa Gomes
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Göen
- IPASUM, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kate Jones
- Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Andromachi Katsonouri
- Cyprus State General Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 28648, Nicosia 2081, Cyprus
| | - Christiana M. Neophytou
- Cyprus State General Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 28648, Nicosia 2081, Cyprus
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 202, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Célia Ventura
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Axel Oberemm
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), 1, Rue Louis Rech, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), O&N 5b, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mariana F. Fernandez
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Olea
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiina Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susana Viegas
- Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Silva
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shridas P, Ji A, Trumbauer AC, Noffsinger VP, Leung SW, Dugan AJ, Thatcher SE, Cassis LA, de Beer FC, Webb NR, Tannock LR. Adipocyte-Derived Serum Amyloid A Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Obese C57BL/6J Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:632-643. [PMID: 35344382 PMCID: PMC9050948 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases the risk for human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and enhances Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced AAA formation in C57BL/6J mice. Obesity is also associated with increases in perivascular fat that expresses proinflammatory markers including SAA (serum amyloid A). We previously reported that deficiency of SAA significantly reduces Ang II-induced inflammation and AAA in hyperlipidemic apoE-deficient mice. In this study. we investigated whether adipose tissue-derived SAA plays a role in Ang II-induced AAA in obese C57BL/6J mice. METHODS The development of AAA was compared between male C57BL/6J mice (wild type), C57BL/6J mice lacking SAA1.1, SAA2.1, and SAA3 (TKO); and TKO mice harboring a doxycycline-inducible, adipocyte-specific SAA1.1 transgene (TKO-Tgfat; SAA expressed only in fat). All mice were fed an obesogenic diet and doxycycline to induce SAA transgene expression and infused with Ang II to induce AAA. RESULTS In response to Ang II infusion, SAA expression was significantly increased in perivascular fat of obese C57BL/6J mice. Maximal luminal diameters of the abdominal aorta were determined by ultrasound before and after Ang II infusion, which indicated a significant increase in aortic luminal diameters in wild type and TKO-TGfat mice but not in TKO mice. Adipocyte-specific SAA expression was associated with MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity and macrophage infiltration in abdominal aortas of Ang II-infused obese mice. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that SAA deficiency protects obese C57BL/6J mice from Ang II-induced AAA. SAA expression only in adipocytes is sufficient to cause AAA in obese mice infused with Ang II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Shridas
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Ailing Ji
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Andrea C Trumbauer
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Victoria P Noffsinger
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Steve W Leung
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Adam J Dugan
- Biostatistics (A.J.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Sean E Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (S.E.T.)
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY (L.R.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Serum Amyloid A is not obligatory for high-fat, high-sucrose, cholesterol-fed diet-induced obesity and its metabolic and inflammatory complications. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266688. [PMID: 35436297 PMCID: PMC9015120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies in the past have reported positive correlations between circulating Serum amyloid A (SAA) levels and obesity. However, based on limited number of studies involving appropriate mouse models, the role of SAA in the development of obesity and obesity-related metabolic consequences has not been established. Accordingly, herein, we have examined the role of SAA in the development of obesity and its associated metabolic complications in vivo using mice deficient for all three inducible forms of SAA: SAA1.1, SAA2.1 and SAA3 (TKO). Male and female mice were rendered obese by feeding a high fat, high sucrose diet with added cholesterol (HFHSC) and control mice were fed rodent chow diet. Here, we show that the deletion of SAA does not affect diet-induced obesity, hepatic lipid metabolism or adipose tissue inflammation. However, there was a modest effect on glucose metabolism. The results of this study confirm previous findings that SAA levels are elevated in adipose tissues as well as in the circulation in diet-induced obese mice. However, the three acute phase SAAs do not play a causative role in the development of obesity or obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation and dyslipidemia.
Collapse
|
17
|
Cortes LM, Brodsky D, Chen C, Pridgen T, Odle J, Snider DB, Cruse G, Putikova A, Masuda MY, Doyle AD, Wright BL, Dawson HD, Blikslager A, Dellon ES, Laster SM, Käser T. Immunologic and pathologic characterization of a novel swine biomedical research model for eosinophilic esophagitis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:1029184. [PMID: 36452260 PMCID: PMC9701751 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1029184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergy-mediated condition with an increasing incidence in both children and adults. Despite EoE's strong impact on human health and welfare, there is a large unmet need for treatments with only one recently FDA-approved medication for EoE. The goal of this study was to establish swine as a relevant large animal model for translational biomedical research in EoE with the potential to facilitate development of therapeutics. We recently showed that after intraperitoneal sensitization and oral challenge with the food allergen hen egg white protein (HEWP), swine develop esophageal eosinophilia-a hallmark of human EoE. Herein, we used a similar sensitization and challenge treatment and evaluated immunological and pathological markers associated with human EoE. Our data demonstrate that the incorporated sensitization and challenge treatment induces (i) a systemic T-helper 2 and IgE response, (ii) a local expression of eotaxin-1 and other allergy-related immune markers, (iii) esophageal eosinophilia (>15 eosinophils/0.24 mm2), and (iv) esophageal endoscopic findings including linear furrows and white exudates. Thereby, we demonstrate that our sensitization and oral challenge protocol not only induces the underlying immune markers but also the micro- and macro-pathological hallmarks of human EoE. This swine model for EoE represents a novel relevant large animal model that can drive translational biomedical research to develop urgently needed treatment strategies for EoE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizette M Cortes
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - David Brodsky
- Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Celine Chen
- USDA, ARS, Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Tiffany Pridgen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jack Odle
- Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Douglas B Snider
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Glenn Cruse
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Arina Putikova
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mia Y Masuda
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Alfred D Doyle
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Benjamin L Wright
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Section of Allergy and Immunology, Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Harry D Dawson
- USDA, ARS, Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Anthony Blikslager
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Evan S Dellon
- Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Esophageal Diseases and Swallowing, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Scott M Laster
- Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Tobias Käser
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Center for Food Allergy Modeling in Pigs (CFAMP), Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shridas P, Patrick AC, Tannock LR. Role of Serum Amyloid A in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121883. [PMID: 34944527 PMCID: PMC8699432 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data positively correlate plasma serum amyloid A (SAA) levels with cardiovascular disease severity and mortality. Studies by several investigators have indicated a causal role for SAA in the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Suppression of SAA attenuates the development of angiotensin II (AngII)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in mice. Thus, SAA is not just a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, but it is a key player. However, to consider SAA as a therapeutic target for these diseases, the pathway leading to its involvement needs to be understood. This review provides a brief description of the pathobiological significance of this enigmatic molecule. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data relevant to its role in the development of CVD, the pitfalls in SAA research, and unanswered questions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Shridas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Avery C Patrick
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Veterans Affairs Lexington, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lu H, Guo R, Zhang Y, Su S, Zhao Q, Yu Y, Shi H, Sun H, Zhang Y, Li S, Shi D, Chu X, Sun C. Inhibition of lncRNA TCONS_00077866 Ameliorates the High Stearic Acid Diet-Induced Mouse Pancreatic β-Cell Inflammatory Response by Increasing miR-297b-5p to Downregulate SAA3 Expression. Diabetes 2021; 70:2275-2288. [PMID: 34261739 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet increases the circulating concentration of stearic acid (SA), which has a potent toxic effect on β-cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of this action have not been fully elucidated. Here, we evaluated the role of long noncoding (lnc)RNA TCONS_00077866 (lnc866) in SA-induced β-cell inflammation. lnc866 was selected for study because lncRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated it to have the largest fold-difference in expression of five lncRNAs that were affected by SA treatment. Knockdown of lnc866 by virus-mediated shRNA expression in mice or by Smart Silencer in mouse pancreatic β-TC6 cells significantly inhibited the SA-induced reduction in insulin secretion and β-cell inflammation. According to lncRNA-miRNAs-mRNA coexpression network analysis and luciferase reporter assays, lnc866 directly bound to miR-297b-5p, thereby preventing it from reducing the expression of its target serum amyloid A3 (SAA3). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-297b-5p or inhibition of SAA3 also had marked protective effects against the deleterious effects of SA in β-TC6 cells and mouse islets. In conclusion, lnc866 silencing ameliorates SA-induced β-cell inflammation by targeting the miR-297b-5p/SAA3 axis. lnc866 inhibition may represent a new strategy to protect β-cells against the effects of SA during the development of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Insulin Secretion/drug effects
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Palmitic Acid/adverse effects
- Palmitic Acid/pharmacology
- Pancreatitis/etiology
- Pancreatitis/genetics
- Pancreatitis/pathology
- Pancreatitis/prevention & control
- RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Serum Amyloid A Protein/genetics
- Stearic Acids/adverse effects
- Stearic Acids/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunjin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shenghan Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingrui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Shi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xia Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Christophersen DV, Møller P, Thomsen MB, Lykkesfeldt J, Loft S, Wallin H, Vogel U, Jacobsen NR. Accelerated atherosclerosis caused by serum amyloid A response in lungs of ApoE -/- mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21307. [PMID: 33638910 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002017r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Airway exposure to eg particulate matter is associated with cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis. Acute phase genes, especially Serum Amyloid A3 (Saa3), are highly expressed in the lung following pulmonary exposure to particles. We aimed to investigate whether the human acute phase protein SAA (a homolog to mouse SAA3) accelerated atherosclerotic plaque progression in Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/- ) mice. Mice were intratracheally (i.t.) instilled with vehicle (phosphate buffered saline) or 2 µg human SAA once a week for 10 weeks. Plaque progression was assessed in the aorta using noninvasive ultrasound imaging of the aorta arch as well as by en face analysis. Additionally, lipid peroxidation, SAA3, and cholesterol were measured in plasma, inflammation was determined in lung, and mRNA levels of the acute phase genes Saa1 and Saa3 were measured in the liver and lung, respectively. Repeated i.t. instillation with SAA caused a significant progression in the atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta (1.5-fold). Concomitantly, SAA caused a statistically significant increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (625-fold), in pulmonary Saa3 (196-fold), in systemic SAA3 (1.8-fold) and malondialdehyde levels (1.14-fold), indicating acute phase response (APR), inflammation and oxidative stress. Finally, pulmonary exposure to SAA significantly decreased the plasma levels of very low-density lipoproteins - low-density lipoproteins and total cholesterol, possibly due to lipids being sequestered in macrophages or foam cells in the arterial wall. Combined these results indicate the importance of the pulmonary APR and SAA3 for plaque progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vest Christophersen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,Ambu A/S, Ballerup, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Morten Baekgaard Thomsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Circulatory Research Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ye J, Li J, Zhao P. Roles of ncRNAs as ceRNAs in Gastric Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071036. [PMID: 34356052 PMCID: PMC8305186 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ignored in the past, with the recent deepening of research, significant progress has been made in the field of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Accumulating evidence has revealed that microRNA (miRNA) response elements regulate RNA. Long ncRNAs, circular RNAs, pseudogenes, miRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) form a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network that plays an essential role in cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with a high degree of malignancy. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanism and treatment of GC, but GC’s mortality rate is still high. Studies have shown a complex ceRNA crosstalk mechanism in GC. lncRNAs, circRNAs, and pseudogenes can interact with miRNAs to affect mRNA transcription. The study of the involvement of ceRNA in GC could improve our understanding of GC and lead to the identification of potential effective therapeutic targets. The research strategy for ceRNA is mainly to screen the different miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, pseudogenes, and mRNAs in each sample through microarray or sequencing technology, predict the ceRNA regulatory network, and, finally, conduct functional research on ceRNA. In this review, we briefly discuss the proposal and development of the ceRNA hypothesis and the biological function and principle of ceRNAs in GC, and briefly introduce the role of ncRNAs in the GC’s ceRNA network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jifu Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-6825-0885
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chait A, Wang S, Goodspeed L, Gomes D, Turk KE, Wietecha T, Tang J, Storey C, O'Brien KD, Rubinow KB, Tang C, Vaisar T, Gharib SA, Lusis AJ, Den Hartigh LJ. Sexually Dimorphic Relationships Among Saa3 (Serum Amyloid A3), Inflammation, and Cholesterol Metabolism Modulate Atherosclerosis in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e299-e313. [PMID: 33761762 PMCID: PMC8159856 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chait
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Shari Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Leela Goodspeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Diego Gomes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Katherine E Turk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Tomasz Wietecha
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Carl Storey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Kevin D O'Brien
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Katya B Rubinow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Chongren Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Computational Medicine Core, Department of Medicine, Center for Lung Biology (S.A.G.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (A.J.L.)
| | - Laura J Den Hartigh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., J.T., C.S., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Diabetes Institute (A.C., S.W., L.G., D.G., K.E.T., T.W., J.T., C.S., K.D.O., K.B.R., C.T., T.V., L.J.D.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li D, Xie P, Zhao S, Zhao J, Yao Y, Zhao Y, Ren G, Liu X. Hepatocytes derived increased SAA1 promotes intrahepatic platelet aggregation and aggravates liver inflammation in NAFLD. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:54-60. [PMID: 33813276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the pathological manifestation of metabolic syndrome in liver. Its pathological changes may evolve from the initial simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and even liver cancer. Numerous studies have proved that platelets play a vital role in liver disease and homeostasis. Particularly, anti-platelet therapy can reduce intrahepatic platelet aggregation and improve the inflammation of fatty liver. Previous study has also confirmed that SAA is a gene closely related to high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity, and SAA1 can promote liver insulin resistance induced by Palmitate or HFD. Here, we found that SAA1 treated platelets presented increased sensitivity of platelet aggregation, enhanced activation and increased adhesion ability, and such function was partly dependent on Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 signaling. In addition, blocking SAA1 expression in vivo not only inhibited platelet aggregation in the liver tissues of NAFLD mice, but also alleviated the inflammation of fatty liver. In conclusion, our findings identify that HFD-induced hepatic overexpressed SAA1 aggravates fatty liver inflammation by promoting intrahepatic platelet aggregation, these results also imply that SAA1 may serve as a potential target for ameliorating NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daoyuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Guangbing Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Panzhou People's Hospital, Panzhou, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Xingde Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China; Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Reardon CA. Saa3 Deficiency Identifies a Sexually Dimorphic Effect on Atherosclerosis That May Be Mediated In Part by Alterations in Trem2 Expression in Macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1890-1892. [PMID: 33951939 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Reardon
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, IL (C.A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang JI, Chun JS. Upregulated endonuclease Regnase-1 suppresses osteoarthritis by forming a negative feedback loop of catabolic signaling in chondrocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:114. [PMID: 33853646 PMCID: PMC8045248 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribonucleases (RNases) play central roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA stability. Our preliminary results revealed that the endonuclease Regnase-1 is specifically upregulated in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. We herein explored the possible functions and regulatory mechanisms of Regnase-1 in a mouse model of osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS The expression and target genes of Regnase-1 were identified by microarray analysis in primary-culture mouse articular chondrocytes. Experimental OA in mice was induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). The function of Regnase-1 in DMM-induced post-traumatic OA mice was examined by adenovirus-mediated overexpression or knockdown in knee joint tissues, and also by using Regnase-1 heterozygous knockout mice (Zc3h12a+/-). RESULTS Among the RNases, Regnase-1 was exclusively upregulated in chondrocytes stimulated with OA-associated catabolic factors. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression or knockdown of Regnase-1 alone in joint tissues did not cause OA-like changes. However, overexpression of Regnase-1 in joint tissues significantly ameliorated DMM-induced post-traumatic OA cartilage destruction, whereas knockdown or genetic ablation of Regnase-1 exacerbated DMM-induced cartilage destruction. Mechanistic studies suggested that Regnase-1 suppresses cartilage destruction by modulating the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes in chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Our results collectively suggest that upregulated Regnase-1 in OA chondrocytes may function as a chondro-protective effector molecule during OA pathogenesis by forming a negative feedback loop of catabolic signals, such as matrix-degrading enzyme expression, in OA chondrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-In Yang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qi Y, Wang X, Li W, Chen D, Meng H, An S. Pseudogenes in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:622540. [PMID: 33644114 PMCID: PMC7902774 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.622540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the main disease that affects human life span. In recent years, the disease has been increasingly addressed at the molecular levels, for example, pseudogenes are now known to be involved in the pathogenesis and development of cardiovascular diseases. Pseudogenes are non-coding homologs of protein-coding genes and were once called “junk gene.” Since they are highly homologous to their functional parental genes, it is somewhat difficult to distinguish them. With the development of sequencing technology and bioinformatics, pseudogenes have become readily identifiable. Recent studies indicate that pseudogenes are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an overview of pseudogenes and their roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. This new knowledge adds to our understanding of cardiovascular disease at the molecular level and will help develop new biomarkers and therapeutic approaches designed to prevent and treat the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Anesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Henan Province People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Province People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongchang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Province People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Province People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Songtao An
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Province People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a highly sensitive acute phase reactant that has been linked to a number of chronic inflammatory diseases. During a systemic inflammatory response, liver-derived SAA is primarily found on high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The purpose of this review is to discuss recent literature addressing the pathophysiological functions of SAA and the significance of its association with HDL. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in gene-targeted mice establish that SAA contributes to atherosclerosis and some metastatic cancers. Accumulating evidence indicates that the lipidation state of SAA profoundly affects its bioactivities, with lipid-poor, but not HDL-associated, SAA capable of inducing inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Factors that modulate the equilibrium between lipid-free and HDL-associated SAA have been identified. HDL may serve to limit SAA's bioactivities in vivo. Understanding the factors leading to the release of systemic SAA from HDL may provide insights into chronic disease mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy R Webb
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, and Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, 553 Wethington Building, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Madsen AM, White JK, Markouch A, Kadhim S, de Jonge N, Thilsing T, Hansen VM, Bælum J, Nielsen JL, Vogel U, Tendal K. A cohort study of cucumber greenhouse workers' exposure to microorganisms as measured using NGS and MALDI-TOF MS and biomarkers of systemic inflammation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110325. [PMID: 33068575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Work in greenhouses entails exposure to airborne fungi and bacteria. The aims of this study are to obtain knowledge about whether exposure to fungal and bacterial genera and species during work in a cucumber greenhouse is affected by work tasks, and whether a cohort of greenhouse workers' serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP), biomarkers of systemic inflammation, are associated with this. Data on personal exposure to airborne fungal and bacterial species measured over 4 years as well as serum levels of SAA and CRP sampled over two years were analyzed. For data analysis, the main work tasks were grouped into three different groups, called 'grouped work task'. Microorganisms were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF MS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The 'daily exposure' of greenhouse workers' were as follows: 4.8 × 104 CFU bacteria/m3, 1.4 × 106 CFU fungi/m3, and 392 EU/m3 of endotoxin. Workers were exposed to many different microbial species including several species within the genera Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces. The genera Ralstonia and Cladosporium were found in most samples. The exposure levels as well as the microbial composition were associated significantly with grouped work task and season with high exposures during tasks in close contact with mature and old plants and in the autumn. CRP and SAA levels were also associated with exposure level and grouped work tasks. The Shannon-Wiener indices were not different in the 3 'grouped work tasks'. Several specific species including e.g. Halomonas elongata, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Podosphaera fusca, and Wallemia spp. were found frequently or in high concentrations in the exposures associated with the highest levels of CRP and SAA. The microorganisms S. maltophilia, P. fusca, and Wallemia spp. were also found on the cucumber plant leaves. In conclusion, both exposure level and the species composition seem to have an effect on the serum levels of CRP and SAA of exposed workers. The greenhouse workers were exposed to only a few species characterized as human pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - John Kerr White
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Amal Markouch
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Sarah Kadhim
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Trine Thilsing
- Research Unit for General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Vinni M Hansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Bælum
- Research Unit for General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kira Tendal
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu JH, Yue T, Luo ZW, Cao J, Yan ZQ, Jin L, Wan TF, Shuai CJ, Wang ZG, Zhou Y, Xu R, Xie H. Akkermansia muciniphila promotes type H vessel formation and bone fracture healing by reducing gut permeability and inflammation. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm043620. [PMID: 33033107 PMCID: PMC7725610 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving revascularization is one of the major measures in fracture treatment. Moderate local inflammation triggers angiogenesis, whereas systemic inflammation hampers angiogenesis. Previous studies showed that Akkermansia muciniphila, a gut probiotic, ameliorates systemic inflammation by tightening the intestinal barrier. In this study, fractured mice intragastrically administrated with A. muciniphila were found to display better fracture healing than mice treated with vehicle. Notably, more preosteclasts positive for platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were induced by A. muciniphila at 2 weeks post fracture, coinciding with increased formation of type H vessels, a specific vessel subtype that couples angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and can be stimulated by PDGF-BB. Moreover, A. muciniphila treatment significantly reduced gut permeability and inflammation at the early stage. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to disrupt the gut barrier to determine its role in fracture healing and whether A. muciniphila still can stimulate bone fracture healing. As expected, A. muciniphila evidently improved gut barrier, reduced inflammation and restored the impaired bone healing and angiogenesis in DSS-treated mice. Our results suggest that A. muciniphila reduces intestinal permeability and alleviates inflammation, which probably induces more PDGF-BB+ preosteoclasts and type H vessel formation in callus, thereby promoting fracture healing. This study provides the evidence for the involvement of type H vessels in fracture healing and suggests the potential of A. muciniphila as a promising strategy for bone healing.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Tao Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zi-Qi Yan
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Teng-Fei Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ci-Jun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zheng-Guang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410008 China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Bone Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Poulsen SS, Bengtson S, Williams A, Jacobsen NR, Troelsen JT, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. A transcriptomic overview of lung and liver changes one day after pulmonary exposure to graphene and graphene oxide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 410:115343. [PMID: 33227293 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hazard evaluation of graphene-based materials (GBM) is still in its early stage and it is slowed by their large diversity in the physicochemical properties. This study explores transcriptomic differences in the lung and liver after pulmonary exposure to two GBM with similar physical properties, but different surface chemistry. Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed by a single intratracheal instillation of 0, 18, 54 or 162 μg/mouse of graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Pulmonary and hepatic changes in the transcriptome were profiled to identify commonly and uniquely perturbed functions and pathways by GO and rGO. These changes were then related to previously analyzed toxicity endpoints. GO exposure induced more differentially expressed genes, affected more functions, and perturbed more pathways compared to rGO, both in lung and liver tissues. The largest differences were observed for the pulmonary innate immune response and acute phase response, and for hepatic lipid homeostasis, which were strongly induced after GO exposure. These changes collective indicate a potential for atherosclerotic changes after GO, but not rGO exposure. As GO and rGO are physically similar, the higher level of hydroxyl groups on the surface of GO is likely the main reason for the observed differences. GO exposure also uniquely induced changes in the transcriptome related to fibrosis, whereas both GBM induced similar changes related to Reactive Oxygen Species production and genotoxicity. The differences in transcriptomic responses between the two GBM types can be used to understand how physicochemical properties influence biological responses and enable hazard evaluation of GBM and hazard ranking of GO and rGO, both in relation to each other and to other nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stefan Bengtson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesper T Troelsen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hadrup N, Aimonen K, Ilves M, Lindberg H, Atluri R, Sahlgren NM, Jacobsen NR, Barfod KK, Berthing T, Lawlor A, Norppa H, Wolff H, Jensen KA, Hougaard KS, Alenius H, Catalan J, Vogel U. Pulmonary toxicity of synthetic amorphous silica - effects of porosity and copper oxide doping. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:96-113. [PMID: 33176111 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Materials can be modified for improved functionality. Our aim was to test whether pulmonary toxicity of silica nanomaterials is increased by the introduction of: a) porosity; and b) surface doping with CuO; and whether c) these modifications act synergistically. Mice were exposed by intratracheal instillation and for some doses also oropharyngeal aspiration to: 1) solid silica 100 nm; 2) porous silica 100 nm; 3) porous silica 100 nm with CuO doping; 4) solid silica 300 nm; 5) porous silica 300 nm; 6) solid silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 7) porous silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 8) CuO nanoparticles 9.8 nm; or 9) carbon black Printex 90 as benchmark. Based on a pilot study, dose levels were between 0.5 and 162 µg/mouse (0.2 and 8.1 mg/kg bw). Endpoints included pulmonary inflammation (neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar fluid), acute phase response, histopathology, and genotoxicity assessed by the comet assay, micronucleus test, and the gamma-H2AX assay. The porous silica materials induced greater pulmonary inflammation than their solid counterparts. A similar pattern was seen for acute phase response induction and histologic changes. This could be explained by a higher specific surface area per mass unit for the most toxic particles. CuO doping further increased the acute phase response normalized according to the deposited surface area. We identified no consistent evidence of synergism between surface area and CuO doping. In conclusion, porosity and CuO doping each increased the toxicity of silica nanomaterials and there was no indication of synergy when the modifications co-occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kukka Aimonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marit Ilves
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lindberg
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rambabu Atluri
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas M Sahlgren
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth K Barfod
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Experimental Animal Models, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan Lawlor
- CEH Lancaster, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of environmental medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Catalan
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fatone MC. COVID-19: A Great Mime or a Trigger Event of Autoimmune Manifestations? Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 17:7-16. [PMID: 33019935 DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666201005122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Viruses can induce autoimmune diseases, in addition to genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Particularly, coronaviruses are mentioned among the viruses implicated in autoimmunity. Today, the world's greatest threat derives from the pandemic of a new human coronavirus, called "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the responsible agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). First case of COVID-19 was identified in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China, in December 2019 and quickly spread around the world. This review focuses on autoimmune manifestations described during COVID-19, including pro-thrombotic state associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), acute interstitial pneumonia, macrophage activation syndrome, lymphocytopenia, systemic vasculitis, and autoimmune skin lesions. This offers the opportunity to highlight the pathogenetic mechanisms common to COVID-19 and several autoimmune diseases in order to identify new therapeutic targets. In a supposed preliminary pathogenetic model, SARS-CoV-2 plays a direct role in triggering widespread microthrombosis and microvascular inflammation, because it is able to induce transient aPL, endothelial damage and complement activation at the same time. Hence, endothelium might represent the common pathway in which autoimmunity and infection converge. In addition, autoimmune phenomena in COVID-19 can be explained by regulatory T cells impairment and cytokines cascade.
Collapse
|
33
|
Structural Basis for Vital Function and Malfunction of Serum Amyloid A: an Acute-Phase Protein that Wears Hydrophobicity on Its Sleeve. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2020; 22:69. [PMID: 32968930 PMCID: PMC7511256 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-020-00888-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses normal and pathologic functions of serum amyloid A (SAA), an enigmatic biomarker of inflammation and protein precursor of AA amyloidosis, a life-threatening complication of chronic inflammation. SAA is a small, highly evolutionarily conserved acute-phase protein whose plasma levels increase up to one thousand-fold in inflammation, infection, or after trauma. The advantage of this dramatic but transient increase is unclear, and the complex role of SAA in immune response is intensely investigated. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the structure-function relationship of this intrinsically disordered protein, outlines its newly emerging beneficial roles in lipid transport and inflammation control, and discusses factors that critically influence its misfolding in AA amyloidosis. RECENT FINDINGS High-resolution structures of lipid-free SAA in crystals and fibrils have been determined by x-ray crystallography and electron cryo-microscopy. Low-resolution structural studies of SAA-lipid complexes, together with biochemical, cell-based, animal model, genetic, and clinical studies, have provided surprising new insights into a wide range of SAA functions. An emerging vital role of SAA is lipid encapsulation to remove cell membrane debris from sites of injury. The structural basis for this role has been proposed. The lysosomal origin of AA amyloidosis has solidified, and its molecular and cellular mechanisms have emerged. Recent studies have revealed molecular underpinnings for understanding complex functions of this Cambrian protein in lipid transport, immune response, and amyloid formation. These findings help guide the search for much-needed targeted therapies to block the protein deposition in AA amyloidosis.
Collapse
|
34
|
Juarez PD, Hood DB, Song MA, Ramesh A. Use of an Exposome Approach to Understand the Effects of Exposures From the Natural, Built, and Social Environments on Cardio-Vascular Disease Onset, Progression, and Outcomes. Front Public Health 2020; 8:379. [PMID: 32903514 PMCID: PMC7437454 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension have increased by epidemic proportions in recent years among African Americans in comparison to Whites resulting in significant adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities. Today, African Americans are 30% more likely to die of heart disease than Whites and twice as likely to have a stroke. The causes of these disparities are not yet well-understood. Improved methods for identifying underlying risk factors is a critical first step toward reducing Black:White CVD disparities. This article will focus on environmental exposures in the external environment and how they can lead to changes at the cellular, molecular, and organ level to increase the personal risk for CVD and lead to population level CVD racial disparities. The external environment is defined in three broad domains: natural (air, water, land), built (places you live, work, and play) and social (social, demographic, economic, and political). We will describe how environmental exposures in the natural, built, and social environments "get under the skin" to affect gene expression though epigenetic, pan-omics, and related mechanisms that lead to increased risk for adverse CVD health outcomes and population level disparities. We also will examine the important role of metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics in understanding how exposures in the natural, built, and social environments lead to CVD disparities with implications for clinical, public health, and policy interventions. In this review, we apply an exposome approach to Black:White CVD racial disparities. The exposome is a measure of all the exposures of an individual across the life course and the relationship of those exposures to health effects. The exposome represents the totality of exogenous (external) and endogenous (internal) exposures from conception onwards, simultaneously distinguishing, characterizing, and quantifying etiologic, mediating, moderating, and co-occurring risk and protective factors and their relationship to disease. Specifically, it assesses the biological mechanisms and underlying pathways through which chemical and non-chemical environmental exposures are associated with CVD onset, progression and outcomes. The exposome is a promising approach for understanding the complex relationships among environment, behavior, biology, genetics, and disease phenotypes that underlie population level, Black: White CVD disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Juarez
- Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Darryl B Hood
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Min-Ae Song
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Particle characterization and toxicity in C57BL/6 mice following instillation of five different diesel exhaust particles designed to differ in physicochemical properties. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:38. [PMID: 32771016 PMCID: PMC7414762 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diesel exhaust is carcinogenic and exposure to diesel particles cause health effects. We investigated the toxicity of diesel exhaust particles designed to have varying physicochemical properties in order to attribute health effects to specific particle characteristics. Particles from three fuel types were compared at 13% engine intake O2 concentration: MK1 ultra low sulfur diesel (DEP13) and the two renewable diesel fuels hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO13) and rapeseed methyl ester (RME13). Additionally, diesel particles from MK1 ultra low sulfur diesel were generated at 9.7% (DEP9.7) and 17% (DEP17) intake O2 concentration. We evaluated physicochemical properties and histopathological, inflammatory and genotoxic responses on day 1, 28, and 90 after single intratracheal instillation in mice compared to reference diesel particles and carbon black. Results Moderate variations were seen in physical properties for the five particles: primary particle diameter: 15–22 nm, specific surface area: 152–222 m2/g, and count median mobility diameter: 55–103 nm. Larger differences were found in chemical composition: organic carbon/total carbon ratio (0.12–0.60), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content (1–27 μg/mg) and acid-extractable metal content (0.9–16 μg/mg). Intratracheal exposure to all five particles induced similar toxicological responses, with different potency. Lung particle retention was observed in DEP13 and HVO13 exposed mice on day 28 post-exposure, with less retention for the other fuel types. RME exposure induced limited response whereas the remaining particles induced dose-dependent inflammation and acute phase response on day 1. DEP13 induced acute phase response on day 28 and inflammation on day 90. DNA strand break levels were not increased as compared to vehicle, but were increased in lung and liver compared to blank filter extraction control. Neutrophil influx on day 1 correlated best with estimated deposited surface area, but also with elemental carbon, organic carbon and PAHs. DNA strand break levels in lung on day 28 and in liver on day 90 correlated with acellular particle-induced ROS. Conclusions We studied diesel exhaust particles designed to differ in physicochemical properties. Our study highlights specific surface area, elemental carbon content, PAHs and ROS-generating potential as physicochemical predictors of diesel particle toxicity.
Collapse
|
36
|
Soppert J, Lehrke M, Marx N, Jankowski J, Noels H. Lipoproteins and lipids in cardiovascular disease: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic targeting. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:4-33. [PMID: 32730849 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With cardiovascular disease being the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, effective and cost-efficient therapies to reduce cardiovascular risk are highly needed. Lipids and lipoprotein particles crucially contribute to atherosclerosis as underlying pathology of cardiovascular disease and influence inflammatory processes as well as function of leukocytes, vascular and cardiac cells, thereby impacting on vessels and heart. Statins form the first-line therapy with the aim to block cholesterol synthesis, but additional lipid-lowering drugs are sometimes needed to achieve low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol target values. Furthermore, beyond LDL cholesterol, also other lipid mediators contribute to cardiovascular risk. This review comprehensively discusses low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), triglycerides as well as fatty acids and derivatives in the context of cardiovascular disease, providing mechanistic insights into their role in pathological processes impacting on cardiovascular disease. Also, an overview of applied as well as emerging therapeutic strategies to reduce lipid-induced cardiovascular burden is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Soppert
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Medical Clinic I, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Medical Clinic I, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Biological Characterization of Commercial Recombinantly Expressed Immunomodulating Proteins Contaminated with Bacterial Products in the Year 2020: The SAA3 Case. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6087109. [PMID: 32694927 PMCID: PMC7362292 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6087109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The serum amyloid A (SAA) gene family is highly conserved and encodes acute phase proteins that are upregulated in response to inflammatory triggers. Over the years, a considerable amount of literature has been published attributing a wide range of biological effects to SAAs such as leukocyte recruitment, cytokine and chemokine expression and induction of matrix metalloproteinases. Furthermore, SAAs have also been linked to protumorigenic, proatherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the biological effects conveyed by murine SAA3 (mu rSAA3) recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli. We observed the upregulation of a number of chemokines including CCL2, CCL3, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL6 or CXCL8 following stimulation of monocytic, fibroblastoid and peritoneal cells with mu rSAA3. Furthermore, this SAA variant displayed potent in vivo recruitment of neutrophils through the activation of TLR4. However, a major problem associated with proteins derived from recombinant expression in bacteria is potential contamination with various bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide, lipoproteins and formylated peptides. This is of particular relevance in the case of SAA as there currently exists a discrepancy in biological activity between SAA derived from recombinant expression and that of an endogenous source, i.e. inflammatory plasma. Therefore, we subjected commercial recombinant mu rSAA3 to purification to homogeneity via reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and re-assessed its biological potential. RP-HPLC-purified mu rSAA3 did not induce chemokines and lacked in vivo neutrophil chemotactic activity, but retained the capacity to synergize with CXCL8 in the activation of neutrophils. In conclusion, experimental results obtained when using proteins recombinantly expressed in bacteria should always be interpreted with care.
Collapse
|
38
|
Halappanavar S, van den Brule S, Nymark P, Gaté L, Seidel C, Valentino S, Zhernovkov V, Høgh Danielsen P, De Vizcaya A, Wolff H, Stöger T, Boyadziev A, Poulsen SS, Sørli JB, Vogel U. Adverse outcome pathways as a tool for the design of testing strategies to support the safety assessment of emerging advanced materials at the nanoscale. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:16. [PMID: 32450889 PMCID: PMC7249325 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicity testing and regulation of advanced materials at the nanoscale, i.e. nanosafety, is challenged by the growing number of nanomaterials and their property variants requiring assessment for potential human health impacts. The existing animal-reliant toxicity testing tools are onerous in terms of time and resources and are less and less in line with the international effort to reduce animal experiments. Thus, there is a need for faster, cheaper, sensitive and effective animal alternatives that are supported by mechanistic evidence. More importantly, there is an urgency for developing alternative testing strategies that help justify the strategic prioritization of testing or targeting the most apparent adverse outcomes, selection of specific endpoints and assays and identifying nanomaterials of high concern. The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework is a systematic process that uses the available mechanistic information concerning a toxicological response and describes causal or mechanistic linkages between a molecular initiating event, a series of intermediate key events and the adverse outcome. The AOP framework provides pragmatic insights to promote the development of alternative testing strategies. This review will detail a brief overview of the AOP framework and its application to nanotoxicology, tools for developing AOPs and the role of toxicogenomics, and summarize various AOPs of relevance to inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials that are currently under various stages of development. The review also presents a network of AOPs derived from connecting all AOPs, which shows that several adverse outcomes induced by nanomaterials originate from a molecular initiating event that describes the interaction of nanomaterials with lung cells and involve similar intermediate key events. Finally, using the example of an established AOP for lung fibrosis, the review will discuss various in vitro tests available for assessing lung fibrosis and how the information can be used to support a tiered testing strategy for lung fibrosis. The AOPs and AOP network enable deeper understanding of mechanisms involved in inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials and provide a strategy for the development of alternative test methods for hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Penny Nymark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Turku, Finland
| | - Laurent Gaté
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Valentino
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Andrea De Vizcaya
- Departamento de Toxicologia, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Sabbatical leave at Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tobias Stöger
- Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Andrey Boyadziev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hadrup N, Zhernovkov V, Jacobsen NR, Voss C, Strunz M, Ansari M, Schiller HB, Halappanavar S, Poulsen SS, Kholodenko B, Stoeger T, Saber AT, Vogel U. Acute Phase Response as a Biological Mechanism-of-Action of (Nano)particle-Induced Cardiovascular Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907476. [PMID: 32227434 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled nanoparticles constitute a potential health hazard due to their size-dependent lung deposition and large surface to mass ratio. Exposure to high levels contributes to the risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as of lung cancer. Particle-induced acute phase response may be an important mechanism of action of particle-induced cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors review new important scientific evidence showing causal relationships between inhalation of particle and nanomaterials, induction of acute phase response, and risk of cardiovascular disease. Particle-induced acute phase response provides a means for risk assessment of particle-induced cardiovascular disease and underscores cardiovascular disease as an occupational disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Carola Voss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Maximilian Strunz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Boris Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- DTU Health, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ji A, Wang X, Noffsinger VP, Jennings D, de Beer MC, de Beer FC, Tannock LR, Webb NR. Serum amyloid A is not incorporated into HDL during HDL biogenesis. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:328-337. [PMID: 31915139 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-derived serum amyloid A (SAA) is present in plasma where it is mainly associated with HDL and from which it is cleared more rapidly than are the other major HDL-associated apolipoproteins. Although evidence suggests that lipid-free and HDL-associated forms of SAA have different activities, the pathways by which SAA associates and disassociates with HDL are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated SAA lipidation by hepatocytes and how this lipidation relates to the formation of nascent HDL particles. We also examined hepatocyte-mediated clearance of lipid-free and HDL-associated SAA. We prepared hepatocytes from mice injected with lipopolysaccharide or an SAA-expressing adenoviral vector. Alternatively, we incubated primary hepatocytes from SAA-deficient mice with purified SAA. We analyzed conditioned media to determine the lipidation status of endogenously produced and exogenously added SAA. Examining the migration of lipidated species, we found that SAA is lipidated and forms nascent particles that are distinct from apoA-I-containing particles and that apoA-I lipidation is unaltered when SAA is overexpressed or added to the cells, indicating that SAA is not incorporated into apoA-I-containing HDL during HDL biogenesis. Like apoA-I formation, generation of SAA-containing particles was dependent on ABCA1, but not on scavenger receptor class B type I. Hepatocytes degraded significantly more SAA than apoA-I. Taken together, our results indicate that SAA's lipidation and metabolism by the liver is independent of apoA-I and that SAA is not incorporated into HDL during HDL biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Ji
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Xuebing Wang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Drew Jennings
- Departments of Agricultural and Medical Biotechnology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Maria C de Beer
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.,Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.,Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.,Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY .,Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Barfod KK, Bendtsen KM, Berthing T, Koivisto AJ, Poulsen SS, Segal E, Verleysen E, Mast J, Holländer A, Jensen KA, Hougaard KS, Vogel U. Increased surface area of halloysite nanotubes due to surface modification predicts lung inflammation and acute phase response after pulmonary exposure in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103266. [PMID: 31707308 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological potential of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and variants after functional alterations to surface area are not clear. We assessed the toxicological response to HNTs (NaturalNano (NN)) before and after surface etching (NN-etched). Potential cytotoxicity of the two HNTs was screened in vitro in MutaTMMouse lung epithelial cells. Lung inflammation, acute phase response and genotoxicity were assessed 1, 3, and 28 days after a single intratracheal instillation of adult female C57BL/6 J BomTac mice. The doses were 6, 18 or 54 μg of HNTs, compared to vehicle controls and the Carbon black NP (Printex 90) of 162 μg/mouse. The cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was determined as a measure of lung inflammation. The pulmonary and hepatic acute phase responses were assessed by Serumamyloida mRNA levels in lung and liver tissue by real-time quantitative PCR. Pulmonary and systemic genotoxicity were analyzed by the alkaline comet assay as DNA strand breaks in BAL cells, lung and liver tissue. The etched HNT (NN-etched) had 4-5 times larger BET surface area than the unmodified HNT (NN). Instillation of NN-etched at the highest dose induced influx of neutrophils into the lungs at all time points and increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue on day 1 and 3 after exposure. No genotoxicity was observed at any time point. In conclusion, functionalization by etching increased BET surface area of the studied NN and enhanced pulmonary inflammatory toxicity in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Klingenberg Barfod
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1014, Denmark
| | - Katja Maria Bendtsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Antti Joonas Koivisto
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | | | - Jan Mast
- Sciensano, Groeselenbergstraat 99, 1180, Uccle, Belgium
| | - Andreas Holländer
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Karin Sørig Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1014, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark; DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hadrup N, Mielżyńska-Švach D, Kozłowska A, Campisi M, Pavanello S, Vogel U. Association between a urinary biomarker for exposure to PAH and blood level of the acute phase protein serum amyloid A in coke oven workers. Environ Health 2019; 18:81. [PMID: 31477116 PMCID: PMC6721239 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coke oven workers are exposed to both free and particle bound PAH. Through this exposure, the workers may be at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Systemic levels of acute phase response proteins have been linked to cardiovascular disease in epidemiological studies, suggesting it as a marker of these conditions. The aim of this study was to assess whether there was association between PAH exposure and the blood level of the acute phase inflammatory response marker serum amyloid A (SAA) in coke oven workers. METHODS A total of 87 male Polish coke oven workers from two different plants comprised the study population. Exposure was assessed by means of the individual post-shift urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene, as internal dose of short-term PAH exposure, and by anti-benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (anti-B[a]PDE)-DNA), as a biomarker of long-term PAH exposure. Blood levels of acute phase proteins SAA and CRP were measured by immunoassay. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were included to adjust for baseline levels of SAA. RESULTS Multiple linear regression showed that the major determinants of increased SAA levels were urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (beta = 0.56, p = 0.030) and serum CRP levels (beta = 7.08; p < 0.0001) whereas anti-B[a]PDE-DNA, the GSTM1 detoxifying genotype, diet, and smoking were not associated with SAA levels. CONCLUSIONS Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as biomarker of short-term PAH exposure and serum levels of CRP were predictive of serum levels of SAA in coke oven workers. Our data suggest that exposure of coke oven workers to PAH can lead to increased systemic acute response and therefore potentially increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Danuta Mielżyńska-Švach
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
- Witold Pilecki State School of Higher Education, Nursing Institute, Oświęcim, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kozłowska
- Witold Pilecki State School of Higher Education, Nursing Institute, Oświęcim, Poland
| | - Manuela Campisi
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hadrup N, Rahmani F, Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, Jackson P, Bengtson S, Williams A, Wallin H, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. Acute phase response and inflammation following pulmonary exposure to low doses of zinc oxide nanoparticles in mice. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:1275-1292. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1654004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Feriel Rahmani
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Anne T. Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petra Jackson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Bengtson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Håkan Wallin
- Department of Biological and Chemical Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Acute phase serum amyloid A (SAA) is persistently elevated in chronic inflammatory conditions, and elevated levels predict cardiovascular risk in humans. More recently, murine studies have demonstrated that over-expression of SAA increases and deficiency/suppression of SAA attenuates atherosclerosis. Thus, beyond being a biomarker, SAA appears to play a causal role in atherogenesis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data supporting SAA as a key player in atherosclerosis development. RECENT FINDINGS A number of pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic activities have been ascribed to SAA. However, the literature is conflicted, as recombinant SAA, and/or lipid-free SAA, used in many of the earlier studies, do not reflect the activity of native human or murine SAA, which exists largely lipid-associated. Recent literatures demonstrate that SAA activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, alters vascular function, affects HDL function, and increases thrombosis. Importantly, SAA activity appears to be regulated by its lipid association, and HDL may serve to sequester and limit SAA activity. SUMMARY SAA has many pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic activities, is clearly demonstrated to affect atherosclerosis development, and may be a candidate target for clinical trials in cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Shridas
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center and University of Kentucky
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center and University of Kentucky
- Veterans Affairs Lexington, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bendtsen KM, Brostrøm A, Koivisto AJ, Koponen I, Berthing T, Bertram N, Kling KI, Dal Maso M, Kangasniemi O, Poikkimäki M, Loeschner K, Clausen PA, Wolff H, Jensen KA, Saber AT, Vogel U. Airport emission particles: exposure characterization and toxicity following intratracheal instillation in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:23. [PMID: 31182125 PMCID: PMC6558896 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the exposure levels and adverse health effects of occupational exposure to airplane emissions. Diesel exhaust particles are classified as carcinogenic to humans and jet engines produce potentially similar soot particles. Here, we evaluated the potential occupational exposure risk by analyzing particles from a non-commercial airfield and from the apron of a commercial airport. Toxicity of the collected particles was evaluated alongside NIST standard reference diesel exhaust particles (NIST2975) in terms of acute phase response, pulmonary inflammation, and genotoxicity after single intratracheal instillation in mice. RESULTS Particle exposure levels were up to 1 mg/m3 at the non-commercial airfield. Particulate matter from the non-commercial airfield air consisted of primary and aggregated soot particles, whereas commercial airport sampling resulted in a more heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds including salt, pollen and soot, reflecting the complex occupational exposure at an apron. The particle contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals were similar to the content in NIST2975. Mice were exposed to doses 6, 18 and 54 μg alongside carbon black (Printex 90) and NIST2975 and euthanized after 1, 28 or 90 days. Dose-dependent increases in total number of cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were observed on day 1 post-exposure for all particles. Lymphocytes were increased for all four particle types on 28 days post-exposure as well as for neutrophil influx for jet engine particles and carbon black nanoparticles. Increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and increased SAA3 protein levels in plasma were observed on day 1 post-exposure. Increased levels of DNA strand breaks in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and liver tissue were observed for both particles, at single dose levels across doses and time points. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary exposure of mice to particles collected at two airports induced acute phase response, inflammation, and genotoxicity similar to standard diesel exhaust particles and carbon black nanoparticles, suggesting similar physicochemical properties and toxicity of jet engine particles and diesel exhaust particles. Given this resemblance as well as the dose-response relationship between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer, occupational exposure to jet engine emissions at the two airports should be minimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Maria Bendtsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, Building 307, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Antti Joonas Koivisto
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ismo Koponen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,FORCE Technology, Park Allé 345, 2605, Brøndby, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Bertram
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Inga Kling
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, Building 307, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Miikka Dal Maso
- Aerosol Physics, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 527, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oskari Kangasniemi
- Aerosol Physics, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 527, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mikko Poikkimäki
- Aerosol Physics, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 527, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food Institute, Research Group for Nano-Bio Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 201, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Koivisto AJ, Kling KI, Hänninen O, Jayjock M, Löndahl J, Wierzbicka A, Fonseca AS, Uhrbrand K, Boor BE, Jiménez AS, Hämeri K, Maso MD, Arnold SF, Jensen KA, Viana M, Morawska L, Hussein T. Source specific exposure and risk assessment for indoor aerosols. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:13-24. [PMID: 30851679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Poor air quality is a leading contributor to the global disease burden and total number of deaths worldwide. Humans spend most of their time in built environments where the majority of the inhalation exposure occurs. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is challenged by outdoor air pollution entering indoors through ventilation and infiltration and by indoor emission sources. The aim of this study was to understand the current knowledge level and gaps regarding effective approaches to improve IAQ. Emission regulations currently focus on outdoor emissions, whereas quantitative understanding of emissions from indoor sources is generally lacking. Therefore, specific indoor sources need to be identified, characterized, and quantified according to their environmental and human health impact. The emission sources should be stored in terms of relevant metrics and statistics in an easily accessible format that is applicable for source specific exposure assessment by using mathematical mass balance modelings. This forms a foundation for comprehensive risk assessment and efficient interventions. For such a general exposure assessment model we need 1) systematic methods for indoor aerosol emission source assessment, 2) source emission documentation in terms of relevant a) aerosol metrics and b) biological metrics, 3) default model parameterization for predictive exposure modeling, 4) other needs related to aerosol characterization techniques and modeling methods. Such a general exposure assessment model can be applicable for private, public, and occupational indoor exposure assessment, making it a valuable tool for public health professionals, product safety designers, industrial hygienists, building scientists, and environmental consultants working in the field of IAQ and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antti Joonas Koivisto
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.
| | - Kirsten Inga Kling
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 307, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Otto Hänninen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Jakob Löndahl
- Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aneta Wierzbicka
- Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Sofia Fonseca
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Katrine Uhrbrand
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Brandon E Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, 177 South Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Araceli Sánchez Jiménez
- Centre for Human Exposure Science (CHES), Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK
| | - Kaarle Hämeri
- University of Helsinki, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), PL 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miikka Dal Maso
- Aerosol Physics, Faculty of Natural Science, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susan F Arnold
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Mar Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Tareq Hussein
- University of Helsinki, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), PL 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; The University of Jordan, Department of Physics, Amman 11942, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jayaraman S, Fändrich M, Gursky O. Synergy between serum amyloid A and secretory phospholipase A 2. eLife 2019; 8:46630. [PMID: 31111824 PMCID: PMC6557629 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an evolutionally conserved enigmatic biomarker of inflammation. In acute inflammation, SAA plasma levels increase ~1,000 fold, suggesting that this protein family has a vital beneficial role. SAA increases simultaneously with secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), compelling us to determine how SAA influences sPLA2 hydrolysis of lipoproteins. SAA solubilized phospholipid bilayers to form lipoproteins that provided substrates for sPLA2. Moreover, SAA sequestered free fatty acids and lysophospholipids to form stable proteolysis-resistant complexes. Unlike albumin, SAA effectively removed free fatty acids under acidic conditions, which characterize inflammation sites. Therefore, SAA solubilized lipid bilayers to generate substrates for sPLA2 and removed its bioactive products. Consequently, SAA and sPLA2 can act synergistically to remove cellular membrane debris from injured sites, which is a prerequisite for tissue healing. We postulate that the removal of lipids and their degradation products constitutes a vital primordial role of SAA in innate immunity; this role remains to be tested in vivo. Cell boundaries are made up of fatty substances known as lipids. When cells get severely damaged, their lipid membranes break apart. These broken fragments of membrane become highly toxic, and must be removed as soon as possible to allow the tissue to heal. A small protein called serum amyloid A, SAA for short, was recently proposed to play a pivotal role in this process. In humans, SAA levels in the blood rapidly spike to over a thousand times their normal level following inflammation, injury or infection. Combined with the fact SAA has been conserved for over 500 million years, this suggests that SAA must be important for survival. But, it is not entirely clear how this protein works. One clue for how SAA works is its relationship to another ancient protein called secretory phospholipase A2. This protein, also known as sPLA2, is part of a big family of enzymes that break down lipids in the cell membrane. Notably, sPLA2 levels rise at the same time and place as SAA during inflammation. This led Jayaraman et al. to ask whether SAA and sPLA2 might be working together to clean up the cell membrane debris. To find out, Jayaraman et al. mixed mouse SAA with vesicles of membrane lipids, and then added sPLA2. This revealed that SAA reshapes the lipid membrane into smaller ‘nanoparticles’ with tightly curved surfaces that are easier for sPLA2 to break down. As the sPLA2 breaks up these particles, SAA then gathers up and gets rid of the leftover toxic fragments. This suggests that SAA has two roles: helping sPLA2 break down the membrane, and removing any toxic debris. Clearing debris after injury is essential for proper healing. So, understanding how it works is crucial to find new ways to treat inflammation. Further work to understand SAA and sPLA2 could improve our understanding of how to treat acute and chronic inflammation and its life-threatening complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shobini Jayaraman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Marcus Fändrich
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Olga Gursky
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, United States.,Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Getz GS, Reardon CA. Apoproteins E, A-I, and SAA in Macrophage Pathobiology Related to Atherogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:536. [PMID: 31231209 PMCID: PMC6558525 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are core cellular elements of both early and advanced atherosclerosis. They take up modified lipoproteins and become lipid-loaded foam cells and secrete factors that influence other cell types in the artery wall involved in atherogenesis. Apoproteins E, AI, and SAA are all found on HDL which can enter the artery wall. In addition, apoE is synthesized by macrophages. These three apoproteins can promote cholesterol efflux from lipid-loaded macrophages and have other functions that modulate macrophage biology. Mimetic peptides based on the sequence or structure of these apoproteins replicate some of these properties and are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of atherosclerosis to reduce cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey S Getz
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catherine A Reardon
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hutcheson JD, Goergen CJ, Schoen FJ, Aikawa M, Zilla P, Aikawa E, Gaudette GR. After 50 Years of Heart Transplants: What Does the Next 50 Years Hold for Cardiovascular Medicine? A Perspective From the International Society for Applied Cardiovascular Biology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:8. [PMID: 30838213 PMCID: PMC6382669 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The first successful heart transplant 50 years ago by Dr.Christiaan Barnard in Cape Town, South Africa revolutionized cardiovascular medicine and research. Following this procedure, numerous other advances have reduced many contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; yet, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death globally. Various unmet needs in cardiovascular medicine affect developing and underserved communities, where access to state-of-the-art advances remain out of reach. Addressing the remaining challenges in cardiovascular medicine in both developed and developing nations will require collaborative efforts from basic science researchers, engineers, industry, and clinicians. In this perspective, we discuss the advancements made in cardiovascular medicine since Dr. Barnard's groundbreaking procedure and ongoing research efforts to address these medical issues. Particular focus is given to the mission of the International Society for Applied Cardiovascular Biology (ISACB), which was founded in Cape Town during the 20th celebration of the first heart transplant in order to promote collaborative and translational research in the field of cardiovascular medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Hutcheson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Frederick J Schoen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter Zilla
- Chris Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hadrup N, Knudsen KB, Berthing T, Wolff H, Bengtson S, Kofoed C, Espersen R, Højgaard C, Winther JR, Willemoës M, Wedin I, Nuopponen M, Alenius H, Norppa H, Wallin H, Vogel U. Pulmonary effects of nanofibrillated celluloses in mice suggest that carboxylation lowers the inflammatory and acute phase responses. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 66:116-125. [PMID: 30665014 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We studied if the pulmonary and systemic toxicity of nanofibrillated celluloses can be reduced by carboxylation. Nanofibrillated celluloses administered at 6 or 18 μg to mice by intratracheal instillation were: 1) FINE NFC, 2-20 μm in length, 2-15 nm in width, 2) AS (-COOH), carboxylated, 0.5-10 μm in length, 4-10 nm in width, containing the biocide BIM MC4901 and 3) BIOCID FINE NFC: as (1) but containing BIM MC4901. FINE NFC administration increased neutrophil influx in BAL and induced SAA3 in plasma. AS (-COOH) produced lower neutrophil influx and systemic SAA3 levels than FINE NFC. Results obtained with BIOCID FINE NFC suggested that BIM MC4901 biocide did not explain the lowered response. Increased DNA damage levels were observed across materials, doses and time points. In conclusion, carboxylation of nanofibrillated cellulose was associated with reduced pulmonary and systemic toxicity, suggesting involvement of OH groups in the inflammatory and acute phase responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), P.O. Box 40, 00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Stefan Bengtson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Christian Kofoed
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Roall Espersen
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Casper Højgaard
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jakob Rahr Winther
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Martin Willemoës
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Harri Alenius
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), P.O. Box 40, 00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Danish Technical University (DTU), DK-2800, Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|