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Deng J, Tong X, Huang Y, Du Z, Sun R, Zheng Y, Ma R, Ding W, Zhang Y, Li J, Sun Y, Chen C, Zhang JC, Song L, Liu B, Lin S. Prophylactic nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) mitigates CSDS-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice via preserving of ATP level in the mPFC. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116850. [PMID: 38834006 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with accumulating evidence implicating dysregulation of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). It remains unclear whether facilitating endogenous ATP production and subsequently increasing extracellular ATP level in the mPFC can exert a prophylactic effect against chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)-induced depressive-like behaviors and enhance stress resilience. Here, we found that nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) treatment effectively elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis and extracellular ATP levels in the mPFC. Moreover, both the 2-week intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and 3-week oral gavage of NMN prior to exposure to CSDS effectively prevented the development of depressive-like behavior in mice. These protective effects were accompanied with the preservation of both NAD+ biosynthesis and extracellular ATP level in the mPFC. Furthermore, catalyzing ATP hydrolysis by mPFC injection of the ATPase apyrase negated the prophylactic effects of NMN on CSDS-induced depressive-like behaviors. Prophylactic NMN treatment also prevented the reduction in GABAergic inhibition and the increase in excitability in mPFC neurons projecting to the lateral habenula (LHb). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the prophylactic effects of NMN on depressive-like behaviors are mediated by preventing extracellular ATP loss in the mPFC, which highlights the potential of NMN supplementation as a novel approach for protecting and preventing stress-induced depression in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Deng
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaohan Tong
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanhua Huang
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zean Du
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ruizhe Sun
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yantao Zheng
- Department of Emergency, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Ruijia Ma
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanzhao Ding
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunxiao Chen
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ji-Chun Zhang
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Song
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Song Lin
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Divya KP, Kanwar N, Anuranjana PV, Kumar G, Beegum F, George KT, Kumar N, Nandakumar K, Kanwal A. SIRT6 in Regulation of Mitochondrial Damage and Associated Cardiac Dysfunctions: A Possible Therapeutic Target for CVDs. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:598-621. [PMID: 38689163 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be described as a global health emergency imploring possible prevention strategies. Although the pathogenesis of CVDs has been extensively studied, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVD development has yet to be investigated. Diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic-reperfusion injury, and heart failure are some of the CVDs resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction Recent evidence from the research states that any dysfunction of mitochondria has an impact on metabolic alteration, eventually causes the death of a healthy cell and therefore, progressively directing to the predisposition of disease. Cardiovascular research investigating the targets that both protect and treat mitochondrial damage will help reduce the risk and increase the quality of life of patients suffering from various CVDs. One such target, i.e., nuclear sirtuin SIRT6 is strongly associated with cardiac function. However, the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and SIRT6 concerning cardiovascular pathologies remains poorly understood. Although the Role of SIRT6 in skeletal muscles and cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial regulation has been well understood, its specific role in mitochondrial maintenance in cardiomyocytes is poorly determined. The review aims to explore the domain-specific function of SIRT6 in cardiomyocytes and is an effort to know how SIRT6, mitochondria, and CVDs are related.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Divya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Navjot Kanwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab, Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India
| | - P V Anuranjana
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Fathima Beegum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krupa Thankam George
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Educations and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Abhinav Kanwal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India.
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Cilleros-Holgado P, Gómez-Fernández D, Piñero-Pérez R, Romero Domínguez JM, Talaverón-Rey M, Reche-López D, Suárez-Rivero JM, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Romero-González A, López-Cabrera A, Oliveira MCD, Rodríguez-Sacristan A, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Polydatin and Nicotinamide Rescue the Cellular Phenotype of Mitochondrial Diseases by Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR) Activation. Biomolecules 2024; 14:598. [PMID: 38786005 PMCID: PMC11118892 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases result from mutations in nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes, encoding proteins crucial for mitochondrial structure or function. Given that few disease-specific therapies are available for mitochondrial diseases, novel treatments to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction are necessary. In this work, we explored new therapeutic options in mitochondrial diseases using fibroblasts and induced neurons derived from patients with mutations in the GFM1 gene. This gene encodes the essential mitochondrial translation elongation factor G1 involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis. Due to the severe mitochondrial defect, mutant GFM1 fibroblasts cannot survive in galactose medium, making them an ideal screening model to test the effectiveness of pharmacological compounds. We found that the combination of polydatin and nicotinamide enabled the survival of mutant GFM1 fibroblasts in stress medium. We also demonstrated that polydatin and nicotinamide upregulated the mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR), especially the SIRT3 pathway. Activation of mtUPR partially restored mitochondrial protein synthesis and expression, as well as improved cellular bioenergetics. Furthermore, we confirmed the positive effect of the treatment in GFM1 mutant induced neurons obtained by direct reprogramming from patient fibroblasts. Overall, we provide compelling evidence that mtUPR activation is a promising therapeutic strategy for GFM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - José Manuel Romero Domínguez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Juan Miguel Suárez-Rivero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Ana Romero-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Alejandra López-Cabrera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Marta Castro De Oliveira
- Neuropediatria, Neurolinkia, C. Jardín de la Isla, 8, Local 4 y 5, 41014 Sevilla, Spain;
- FEA Pediatría, Centro Universitario Hospitalar de Faro, R. Leão Penedo, 8000-386 Faro, Portugal
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Sacristan
- Neuropediatría, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
- Departamento de Farmacología, Radiología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
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Song A, Zhao N, Hilpert DC, Perry C, Baur JA, Wallace DC, Schaefer PM. Visualizing subcellular changes in the NAD(H) pool size versus redox state using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of NADH. Commun Biol 2024; 7:428. [PMID: 38594590 PMCID: PMC11004000 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
NADH autofluorescence imaging is a promising approach for visualizing energy metabolism at the single-cell level. However, it is sensitive to the redox ratio and the total NAD(H) amount, which can change independently from each other, for example with aging. Here, we evaluate the potential of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NADH to differentiate between these modalities.We perform targeted modifications of the NAD(H) pool size and ratio in cells and mice and assess the impact on NADH FLIM. We show that NADH FLIM is sensitive to NAD(H) pool size, mimicking the effect of redox alterations. However, individual components of the fluorescence lifetime are differently impacted by redox versus pool size changes, allowing us to distinguish both modalities using only FLIM. Our results emphasize NADH FLIM's potential for evaluating cellular metabolism and relative NAD(H) levels with high spatial resolution, providing a crucial tool for our understanding of aging and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Song
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicole Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diana C Hilpert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Caroline Perry
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Patrick M Schaefer
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Deliormanlı AM, Rahman B, Atmaca H. In vitro cytotoxicity of magnetic-fluorescent bioactive glasses on SaOS-2, MC3T3-E1, BJ fibroblast cells, their hemolytic activity, and sorafenib release behavior. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213782. [PMID: 38377664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In the study, the fabrication of superparamagnetic-fluorescent bioactive glasses in the form of the particle, nanofiber, and 3D scaffolds was performed by including maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles and photoluminescent rare earth element ions (Eu3+, Gd3+, and Yb3+) using sol-gel, electrospinning, and robocasting techniques, respectively. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the magnetic-fluorescent bioactive glasses on osteosarcoma SaOS-2, pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1, and BJ fibroblast cells, as well as their hemolytic activity and sorafenib tosylate loading and release behavior, were investigated. The cytotoxicity of the bioactive glass samples was tested using the MTT assay. Additionally, the alkaline phosphatase activity of the studied glasses was examined as a function of time. The mineralization behavior of the pre-osteoblast cell-seeded glass samples was analyzed using Alizarin red S staining. Results revealed that the in vitro cytotoxicity of the studied bioactive glasses in the form of particles and nanofibers depended on the sample concentration, whereas in the case of the 3D scaffolds, no cytotoxic response was observed on the osteosarcoma, pre-osteoblast, and fibroblast cells. Similarly, particle and nanofiber-based glass samples induced dose-dependent hemolysis on red blood cells. Drug loading rates were much lower for the 3D scaffolds compared to the particle and nanofiber-based samples. Drug release rates ranged from 25 % to 90 %, depending on the bioactive glass morphology and the pH of the release medium. It was concluded that the studied bioactive glasses have the potential to be used in tissue engineering applications and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin M Deliormanlı
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials Laboratory, Yunusemre, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Begüm Rahman
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Biomaterials Laboratory, Yunusemre, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Harika Atmaca
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Department of Biology, Yunusemre, Manisa, Turkey
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6
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Gindri IDM, Ferrari G, Pinto LPS, Bicca J, Dos Santos IK, Dallacosta D, Roesler CRDM. Evaluation of safety and effectiveness of NAD in different clinical conditions: a systematic review. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E417-E427. [PMID: 37971292 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00242.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential pyridine nucleotide cofactor that is present in cells and in several important biological processes, including oxidative phosphorylation and production of adenosine triphosphate, DNA repair, calcium-dependent secondary messenger and gene expression. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine whether the coenzyme formulae NAD+ and NADH are safe and effective when acting as a supplement to humans. This systematic review of randomized clinical trials performed a search in six electronic databases: PubMed, MEDLINE (ovid), Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL (clinical trials), Web of Science, and Scopus. Secondary search included the databases (e.g., Clinical trials.gov, Rebec, Google Scholar - advance). Two reviewers assessed and extracted the studies independently. The risk of bias in studies was performed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. This review includes 10 studies, with a total of 489 participants. The studies included different clinical conditions, such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), older adults, Parkinson's disease, overweight, postmenopausal prediabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Based on studies, the supplementation with NADH and precursors was well tolerated and observed clinical results such as, a decrease in anxiety conditions and maximum heart rate was observed after a stress test, increased muscle insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling. Quality of life, fatigue intensity, and sleep quality among others were evaluated on patients with CFS. All studies showed some side effects, thus, the most common associated with NADs use are muscle pain, nervous disorders, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and headaches. All adverse events cataloged by the studies did not present a serious risk to the health of the participants. Overall, these findings support that the oral administration of NADH can be associated to an increase in general quality of life and improvement on health parameters (e.g., a decrease in anxiety, maximum heart rate, inflammatory cytokines in serum, and cerebrospinal fluid). NADH supplementation is safe and has a low incidence of side effects. Future investigations are needed to evidence the clinical benefits regarding specific diseases and doses administered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Ferrari
- Nimma, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Biomechanical Engineering Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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7
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Qiao Q, Wang X, Su Z, Han C, Zhao K, Qi K, Xie Z, Huang X, Zhang S. PuNDH9, a subunit of ETC Complex I regulates plant defense by interacting with PuPR1. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 341:112009. [PMID: 38316345 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
NAD+ and NADH play critical roles in energy metabolism, cell death, and gene expression. The NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (Complex I) has been long known as a key enzyme in NAD+ and NADH metabolism. In the present study, we found and analyzed a new subunit of Complex I (NDH9), which was isolated from Pyrus ussuriensis combined with RT-PCR. Following infection with A. alternata, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated an increase in the expression of PuNDH9. Genetic manipulation of PuNDH9 levels suggested that PuNDH9 plays key roles in NADH/NAD+ homeostasis, defense enzyme activities, ROS generation, cell death, gene expression, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial functions during the pear- A. alternata interaction. Furthermore, Y2H, GST-pull down, and a split-luciferase complementation imaging assays revealed that PuNDH9 interacts with PuPR1. We discover that PuNDH9 and PuPR1 synergistically activate defense enzyme activities, ROS accumulation, cell death, and plant defenses. Collectively, our findings reveal that PuNDH9 is likely important for plant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Qiao
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiyuan Su
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keke Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kaijie Qi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhihua Xie
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaosan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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8
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Dhiman S, Mannan A, Taneja A, Mohan M, Singh TG. Sirtuin dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Implications of acetylation and deacetylation processes. Life Sci 2024; 342:122537. [PMID: 38428569 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that primarily affects motor function and is caused by a gradual decline of dopaminergic neurons in the brain's substantia pars compacta (Snpc) region. Multiple molecular pathways are involved in the pathogenesis, which results in impaired cellular functions and neuronal degeneration. However, the role of sirtuins, a type of NAD+-dependent deacetylase, in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease has recently been investigated. Sirtuins are essential for preserving cellular homeostasis because they control a number of biological processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and DNA repair. This review shed lights on the dysregulation of sirtuin activity in PD, highlighting the role that acetylation and deacetylation processes play in the development of the disease. Key regulators of protein acetylation, sirtuins have been found to be involved in the aberrant acetylation of vital substrates linked to PD pathology when their balance is out of balance. The hallmark characteristics of PD such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction have all been linked to the dysregulation of sirtuin expression and activity. Furthermore, we have also explored how the modulators of sirtuins can be a promising therapeutic intervention in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dhiman
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ayushi Taneja
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Maneesh Mohan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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9
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Bursch KL, Goetz CJ, Smith BC. Current Trends in Sirtuin Activator and Inhibitor Development. Molecules 2024; 29:1185. [PMID: 38474697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases and key metabolic regulators, coupling the cellular energy state with selective lysine deacylation to regulate many downstream cellular processes. Humans encode seven sirtuin isoforms (Sirt1-7) with diverse subcellular localization and deacylase targets. Sirtuins are considered protective anti-aging proteins since increased sirtuin activity is canonically associated with lifespan extension and decreased activity with developing aging-related diseases. However, sirtuins can also assume detrimental cellular roles where increased activity contributes to pathophysiology. Modulation of sirtuin activity by activators and inhibitors thus holds substantial potential for defining the cellular roles of sirtuins in health and disease and developing therapeutics. Instead of being comprehensive, this review discusses the well-characterized sirtuin activators and inhibitors available to date, particularly those with demonstrated selectivity, potency, and cellular activity. This review also provides recommendations regarding the best-in-class sirtuin activators and inhibitors for practical research as sirtuin modulator discovery and refinement evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L Bursch
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Structural Genomics Unit, Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Christopher J Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brian C Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Structural Genomics Unit, Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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10
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Cai M, Li S, Cai K, Du X, Han J, Hu J. Empowering mitochondrial metabolism: Exploring L-lactate supplementation as a promising therapeutic approach for metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2024; 152:155787. [PMID: 38215964 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS), affecting various cell types and organs. In MetS animal models, mitochondria exhibit decreased quality control, characterized by abnormal morphological structure, impaired metabolic activity, reduced energy production, disrupted signaling cascades, and oxidative stress. The aberrant changes in mitochondrial function exacerbate the progression of metabolic syndrome, setting in motion a pernicious cycle. From this perspective, reversing mitochondrial dysfunction is likely to become a novel and powerful approach for treating MetS. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective drugs available in clinical practice to improve mitochondrial function. Recently, L-lactate has garnered significant attention as a valuable metabolite due to its ability to regulate mitochondrial metabolic processes and function. It is highly likely that treating MetS and its related complications can be achieved by correcting mitochondrial homeostasis disorders. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the complex relationship between mitochondrial function and MetS and the involvement of L-lactate in regulating mitochondrial metabolism and associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, it highlights recent findings on the involvement of L-lactate in common pathologies of MetS and explores its potential clinical application and further prospects, thus providing new insights into treatment possibilities for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China; Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Keren Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Xinlin Du
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Jia Han
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China.
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, PR China.
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11
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Schiuma G, Lara D, Clement J, Narducci M, Rizzo R. NADH: the redox sensor in aging-related disorders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38366731 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE NADH represents the reduced form of NAD+, and together they constitute the two forms of the Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide whose balance is named as the NAD+/NADH ratio. NAD+/NADH ratio is mainly involved in redox reactions since both the molecules are responsible for carrying electrons to maintain redox homeostasis. NADH acts as a reducing agent and one of the most known processes exploiting NADH function is energy metabolism. The two main pathways generating energy and involving NADH are Glycolysis and Oxidative phosphorylation, occurring in cell cytosol and in the mitochondrial matrix, respectively. RECENT ADVANCES Although NADH is primarily produced through the reduction of NAD+ and consumed by its own oxidation, several are the biosynthetic and consumption pathways, reflecting the NADH role in multiple cellular processes. CRITICAL ISSUES This review gathers all the main current data referring to NADH in correlation with metabolic and cellular pathways, such as its coenzyme activity, effect in cell death and on modulating redox and calcium homeostasis. Data were selected following eligibility criteria accordingly to the reviewed topic. A set of electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences (WOS), Cochrane Library) have been used for a systematic search until January 2024 using MeSH keywords/terms (i.e., NADH, NAD+/NADH and NADH/NAD+ ratio, redox homeostasis, energy metabolism, aging, aging-related disorders, therapies). FUTURE DIRECTION Gene expression control, as well as to the potential impact on neurodegenerative, cardiac disorders and infections suggest NADH application in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Djidjell Lara
- University of Ferrara, 9299, Ferrara, FE, Italy
- BetterHumans, Gainesville, Florida, United States;
| | - James Clement
- Betterhumans Inc., Gainesville, Florida, United States
- University of Ferrara, 9299, Ferrara, FE, Italy;
| | - Marco Narducci
- University of Ferrara, 9299, Ferrara, FE, Italy
- BetterHumans, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Temple University Japan Campus, 83908, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- University of Ferrara, 9299, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, Ferrara, FE, Italy, 44121;
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12
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Ishima T, Kimura N, Kobayashi M, Nagai R, Osaka H, Aizawa K. A Simple, Fast, Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method to Quantify NAD(H) in Biological Samples: Plasma NAD(H) Measurement to Monitor Brain Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2325. [PMID: 38397001 PMCID: PMC10888655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor in redox reactions and an essential mediator of energy metabolism. The redox balance between NAD+ and NADH affects various diseases, cell differentiation, and aging, and in recent years there has been a growing need for measurement techniques with improved accuracy. However, NAD(H) measurements, representing both NAD+ and NADH, have been limited by the compound's properties. We achieved highly sensitive simultaneous measurement of NAD+ and NADH under non-ion pairing, mobile phase conditions of water, or methanol containing 5 mM ammonium acetate. These were achieved using a simple pre-treatment and 7-min analysis time. Use of the stable isotope 13C5-NAD+ as an internal standard enabled validation close to BMV criteria and demonstrated the robustness of NAD(H) determination. Measurements using this method showed that brain NAD(H) levels correlate strongly with plasma NAD(H) levels in the same mouse, indicating that NAD(H) concentrations in brain tissue are reflected in plasma. As NAD(H) is involved in various neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia, as well as brain diseases such as mitochondrial myopathies, monitoring changes in NADH levels in plasma after drug administration will be useful for development of future diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Ishima
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan; (T.I.); (N.K.)
| | - Natsuka Kimura
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan; (T.I.); (N.K.)
| | - Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan; (M.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan; (M.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Kenichi Aizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan; (T.I.); (N.K.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
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13
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Corradi F, Masini G, Bucciarelli T, De Caterina R. Iron deficiency in myocardial ischaemia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2405-2420. [PMID: 37722377 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic iron deficiency (SID), even in the absence of anaemia, worsens the prognosis and increases mortality in heart failure (HF). Recent clinical-epidemiological studies, however, have shown that a myocardial iron deficiency (MID) is frequently present in cases of severe HF, even in the absence of SID and without anaemia. In addition, experimental studies have shown a poor correlation between the state of systemic and myocardial iron. MID in animal models leads to severe mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations of mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis, with profound alterations in cardiac mechanics and the occurrence of a fatal cardiomyopathy, all effects prevented by intravenous administration of iron. This shifts the focus to the myocardial state of iron, in the absence of anaemia, as an important factor in prognostic worsening and mortality in HF. There is now epidemiological evidence that SID worsens prognosis and mortality also in patients with acute and chronic coronary heart disease and experimental evidence that MID aggravates acute myocardial ischaemia as well as post-ischaemic remodelling. Intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) or ferric dextrane improves post-ischaemic adverse remodelling. We here review such evidence, propose that MID worsens ischaemia/reperfusion injury, and discuss possible molecular mechanisms, such as chronic hyperactivation of HIF1-α, exacerbation of cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium overload, amplified increase of mitochondrial [NADH]/[NAD+] ratio, and depletion of energy status and NAD+ content with inhibition of sirtuin 1-3 activity. Such evidence now portrays iron metabolism as a core factor not only in HF but also in myocardial ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Corradi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gabriele Masini
- Chair and Postgraduate School of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tonino Bucciarelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Chair and Postgraduate School of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione VillaSerena per la Ricerca, Viale L. Petruzzi 42, 65013, Città Sant'Angelo, Pescara, Italy
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14
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Singh V, Mujwar S, Singh M, Singh T, Ahmad SF. Computational Studies to Understand the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Action Basil Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:7005. [PMID: 37894484 PMCID: PMC10609097 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, pose a significant global health challenge, emphasizing the need for novel neuroprotective agents. Basil (Ocimum spp.) has been recognized for its therapeutic potential, and numerous studies have reported neuroprotective effects. In this manuscript, we present a computational protocol to extricate the underlying mechanism of action of basil compounds in neuroprotective effects. Molecular docking-based investigation of the chemical interactions between selected bioactive compounds from basil and key neuroprotective targets, including AChE, GSK3β, γ-secretase, and sirtuin2. Our results demonstrate that basil compound myricerone caffeoyl ester possesses a high affinity of -10.01 and -8.85 kcal/mol against GSK3β and γ-secretase, respectively, indicating their potential in modulating various neurobiological processes. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the protein-ligand complexes' stability and to analyze the bound basil compounds' dynamic behavior. This comprehensive computational investigation enlightens the putative mechanistic basis for the neuroprotective effects of basil compounds, providing a rationale for their therapeutic use in neurodegenerative disorders after further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Tanveer Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77807, USA;
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Xu P, Ren T, Yang Y. PM2.5 mediates mouse testis Sertoli TM4 cell damage by reducing cellular NAD . Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:636-645. [PMID: 37202861 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2215862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the mechanism of PM2.5 damage to the reproductive system of male mice. METHODS Mouse testis Sertoli TM4 cells were divided into four groups: a control group (no additional ingredients except for medium), PM2.5 group (medium containing 100 μg/mL PM2.5), PM2.5 + NAM group (medium containing 100 μg/mL PM2.5 and 5 mM NAM), and NAM group (medium containing 5 mM nicotinamide) and cultured in vitro for 24 or 48 h. The apoptosis rate of TM4 cells was measured using flow cytometry, the intracellular levels of NAD+ and NADH were detected using an NAD+/NADH assay kit, and the protein expression levels of SIRT1 and PARP1 were determined by western blotting. RESULTS Mouse testis Sertoli TM4 cells exposed to PM2.5 demonstrated an increase in the apoptosis rate and PARP1 protein expression, albeit a decrease in NAD+, NADH, and SIRT1 protein levels (p = 0.05). These changes were reversed in the group treated with a combination of PM2.5 and nicotinamide (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION PM2.5 can cause Sertoli TM4 cell damage in mouse testes by decreasing intracellular NAD+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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16
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Pradhan SS, R SS, Kanikaram SP, V M DD, Pargaonkar A, Dandamudi RB, Sivaramakrishnan V. Metabolic deregulation associated with aging modulates protein aggregation in the yeast model of Huntington's disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37732342 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2257322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is associated with increased CAG repeat resulting in an expanded polyglutamine tract in the protein Huntingtin (HTT) leading to its aggregation resulting in neurodegeneration. Previous studies have shown that N-terminal HTT with 46Q aggregated in the stationary phase but not the logarithmic phase in the yeast model of HD. We carried out a metabolomic analysis of logarithmic and stationary phase yeast model of HD expressing different polyQ lengths attached to N-terminal HTT tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The results show significant changes in the metabolic profile and deregulated pathways in stationary phase cells compared to logarithmic phase cells. Comparison of metabolic pathways obtained from logarithmic phase 46Q versus 25Q with those obtained for presymptomatic HD patients from our previous study and drosophila model of HD showed considerable overlap. The arginine biosynthesis pathway emerged as one of the key pathways that is common in stationary phase yeast compared to logarithmic phase and HD patients. Treatment of yeast with arginine led to a significant decrease, while transfer to arginine drop-out media led to a significant increase in the size of protein aggregates in both logarithmic and stationary phase yeast model of HD. Knockout of arginine transporters in the endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole led to a significant decrease in mutant HTT aggregation. Overall our results highlight arginine as a critical metabolite that modulates the aggregation of mutant HTT and disease progression in HD.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Sanwid Pradhan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sai Swaroop R
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sai Phalguna Kanikaram
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Datta Darshan V M
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Pargaonkar
- Application Division, Agilent Technologies Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Venketesh Sivaramakrishnan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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17
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Matysek A, Sun L, Kimmantudawage SP, Feng L, Maier AB. Targeting impaired nutrient sensing via the sirtuin pathway with novel compounds to prevent or treat dementia: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102029. [PMID: 37549873 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is prevalent in aged populations and is associated with disability and distress for those affected. Therapeutic benefits of drugs targeting dementia are small. Impaired nutrient sensing pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of dementia and may offer a novel treatment target. AIMS This systematic review collated evidence for novel therapeutic compounds that modify nutrient sensing pathways, particularly the sirtuin pathway, in preventing cognitive decline or improving cognition in normal ageing, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched using key search terms. Articles were screened using Covidence systematic review software. The risk of bias was assessed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE)'s risk of bias tool for animal studies and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool v 2.0 for human studies. RESULTS Out of 3841 articles, 68 were included describing 38 different novel therapeutic compounds that modulate the nutrient sensing pathway via the sirtuin pathway. In animal models (58 studies), all investigated novel therapeutic compounds showed cognitive benefits. Ten studies were human intervention trials targeting normal ageing (1 study) and dementia populations (9 studies). Direct sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (SIRT1) activators Resveratrol and Nicotinamide derivatives improved cognitive outcomes among human subjects with normal cognition and MCI. CONCLUSION Animal studies support that modulation of the sirtuin pathway has the potential to improve cognitive outcomes. Overall, there is a clear lack of translation from animal models to human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Matysek
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lina Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | | | - Lei Feng
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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18
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Kang D, Yang HR, Kim DH, Kim KK, Jeong B, Park BS, Park JW, Kim JG, Lee BJ. Sirtuin1-Mediated Deacetylation of Hypothalamic TTF-1 Contributes to the Energy Deficiency Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12530. [PMID: 37569904 PMCID: PMC10419861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TTF-1 stimulates appetite by regulating the expression of agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) genes in the hypothalamus of starving animals. However, the mechanism underlying TTF-1's response to decreased energy levels remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that the NAD+-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin1 (Sirt1), activates TTF-1 in response to energy deficiency. Energy deficiency leads to a twofold increase in the expression of both Sirt1 and TTF-1, leading to the deacetylation of TTF-1 through the interaction between the two proteins. The activation of Sirt1, induced by energy deficiency or resveratrol treatment, leads to a significant increase in the deacetylation of TTF-1 and promotes its nuclear translocation. Conversely, the inhibition of Sirt1 prevents these Sirt1 effects. Notably, a point mutation in a lysine residue of TTF-1 significantly disrupts its deacetylation and thus nearly completely hinders its ability to regulate AgRP and POMC gene expression. These findings highlight the importance of energy-deficiency-induced deacetylation of TTF-1 in the control of AgRP and POMC gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasol Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
| | - Hye Rim Yang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; (H.R.Y.); (B.S.P.)
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
| | - Kwang Kon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bora Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
| | - Byong Seo Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; (H.R.Y.); (B.S.P.)
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; (H.R.Y.); (B.S.P.)
| | - Byung Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (D.K.); (D.H.K.); (K.K.K.); (B.J.); (J.W.P.)
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19
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Menezes AP, Murillo AM, de Castro CG, Bellini NK, Tosi LRO, Thiemann OH, Elias MC, Silber AM, da Cunha JPC. Navigating the boundaries between metabolism and epigenetics in trypanosomes. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:682-695. [PMID: 37349193 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic marks enable cells to acquire new biological features that favor their adaptation to environmental changes. These marks are chemical modifications on chromatin-associated proteins and nucleic acids that lead to changes in the chromatin landscape and may eventually affect gene expression. The chemical tags of these epigenetic marks are comprised of intermediate cellular metabolites. The number of discovered associations between metabolism and epigenetics has increased, revealing how environment influences gene regulation and phenotype diversity. This connection is relevant to all organisms but underappreciated in digenetic parasites, which must adapt to different environments as they progress through their life cycles. This review speculates and proposes associations between epigenetics and metabolism in trypanosomes, which are protozoan parasites that cause human and livestock diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Menezes
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular - Instituto Butantan, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Centro de Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Milena Murillo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tryps - LabTryps, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Gachet de Castro
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular - Instituto Butantan, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Centro de Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Karla Bellini
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular - Instituto Butantan, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Centro de Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Carolina Elias
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular - Instituto Butantan, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Centro de Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariel Mariano Silber
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tryps - LabTryps, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Julia Pinheiro Chagas da Cunha
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular - Instituto Butantan, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Centro de Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Yang S, Park JH, Lu HC. Axonal energy metabolism, and the effects in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:49. [PMID: 37475056 PMCID: PMC10357692 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human studies consistently identify bioenergetic maladaptations in brains upon aging and neurodegenerative disorders of aging (NDAs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Glucose is the major brain fuel and glucose hypometabolism has been observed in brain regions vulnerable to aging and NDAs. Many neurodegenerative susceptible regions are in the topological central hub of the brain connectome, linked by densely interconnected long-range axons. Axons, key components of the connectome, have high metabolic needs to support neurotransmission and other essential activities. Long-range axons are particularly vulnerable to injury, neurotoxin exposure, protein stress, lysosomal dysfunction, etc. Axonopathy is often an early sign of neurodegeneration. Recent studies ascribe axonal maintenance failures to local bioenergetic dysregulation. With this review, we aim to stimulate research in exploring metabolically oriented neuroprotection strategies to enhance or normalize bioenergetics in NDA models. Here we start by summarizing evidence from human patients and animal models to reveal the correlation between glucose hypometabolism and connectomic disintegration upon aging/NDAs. To encourage mechanistic investigations on how axonal bioenergetic dysregulation occurs during aging/NDAs, we first review the current literature on axonal bioenergetics in distinct axonal subdomains: axon initial segments, myelinated axonal segments, and axonal arbors harboring pre-synaptic boutons. In each subdomain, we focus on the organization, activity-dependent regulation of the bioenergetic system, and external glial support. Second, we review the mechanisms regulating axonal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) homeostasis, an essential molecule for energy metabolism processes, including NAD+ biosynthetic, recycling, and consuming pathways. Third, we highlight the innate metabolic vulnerability of the brain connectome and discuss its perturbation during aging and NDAs. As axonal bioenergetic deficits are developing into NDAs, especially in asymptomatic phase, they are likely exaggerated further by impaired NAD+ homeostasis, the high energetic cost of neural network hyperactivity, and glial pathology. Future research in interrogating the causal relationship between metabolic vulnerability, axonopathy, amyloid/tau pathology, and cognitive decline will provide fundamental knowledge for developing therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Hui-Chen Lu
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
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21
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Park JS, Perl A. Endosome Traffic Modulates Pro-Inflammatory Signal Transduction in CD4 + T Cells-Implications for the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10749. [PMID: 37445926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling regulates the cell surface receptor composition of the plasma membrane. The surface expression levels of the T cell receptor (TCR), in concert with signal transducing co-receptors, regulate T cell responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. Altered TCR expression contributes to pro-inflammatory skewing, which is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), defined by a reduced function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the expansion of CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The ensuing secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23, trigger autoantibody production and tissue infiltration by cells of the adaptive and innate immune system that induce organ damage. Endocytic recycling influences immunological synapse formation by CD4+ T lymphocytes, signal transduction from crosslinked surface receptors through recruitment of adaptor molecules, intracellular traffic of organelles, and the generation of metabolites to support growth, cytokine production, and epigenetic control of DNA replication and gene expression in the cell nucleus. This review will delineate checkpoints of endosome traffic that can be targeted for therapeutic interventions in autoimmune and other disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy S Park
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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22
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Gooz M, Maldonado EN. Fluorescence microscopy imaging of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152553. [PMID: 37427141 PMCID: PMC10326048 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is an important contributor to cancer cell survival and proliferation that coexists with enhanced glycolytic activity. Measuring mitochondrial activity is useful to characterize cancer metabolism patterns, to identify metabolic vulnerabilities and to identify new drug targets. Optical imaging, especially fluorescent microscopy, is one of the most valuable tools for studying mitochondrial bioenergetics because it provides semiquantitative and quantitative readouts as well as spatiotemporal resolution of mitochondrial metabolism. This review aims to acquaint the reader with microscopy imaging techniques currently used to determine mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are major readouts of mitochondrial metabolism. We describe features, advantages, and limitations of the most used fluorescence imaging modalities: widefield, confocal and multiphoton microscopy, and fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIM). We also discus relevant aspects of image processing. We briefly describe the role and production of NADH, NADHP, flavins and various ROS including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and discuss how these parameters can be analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. We also explain the importance, value, and limitations of label-free autofluorescence imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD. Practical hints for the use of fluorescent probes and newly developed sensors for imaging ΔΨm, ATP and ROS are described. Overall, we provide updated information about the use of microscopy to study cancer metabolism that will be of interest to all investigators regardless of their level of expertise in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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23
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Lukaszewicz M, Mrozek AF, Bojarska E, Stelmach J, Stepinski J, Darzynkiewicz E. Contribution of Nudt12 enzyme to differentially methylated dinucleotides of 5'RNA cap structure. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023:130400. [PMID: 37301333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings have substantially broadened our knowledge about the diversity of modifications of the 5'end of RNAs, an issue generally attributed to mRNA cap structure (m7GpppN). Nudt12 is one of the recently described new enzymatic activities involved in cap metabolism. However, in contrast to its roles in metabolite-cap turnover (e.g., NAD-cap) and NADH/NAD metabolite hydrolysis, little is known regarding its hydrolytic activity towards dinucleotide cap structures. In order to gain further insight into this Nudt12 activity, comprehensive analysis with a spectrum of cap-like dinucleotides was performed with respect to different nucleotide types adjacent to the (m7)G moiety and its methylation status. Among the tested compounds, GpppA, GpppAm, and Gpppm6Am were identified as novel potent Nudt12 substrates, with KM values in the same range as that of NADH. Interestingly, substrate inhibition of Nudt12 catalytic activity was detected in the case of the GpppG dinucleotide, a phenomenon not reported to date. Finally, comparison of Nudt12 with DcpS and Nud16, two other enzymes with known activity on dinucleotide cap structures, revealed their overlapping and more specific substrates. Altogether, these findings provide a basis for clarifying the role of Nudt12 in cap-like dinucleotide turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Lukaszewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra-Ferenc Mrozek
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Bojarska
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Stelmach
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Stepinski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edward Darzynkiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Qi H, Zhu D. Oncogenic role of copper‑induced cell death‑associated protein DLD in human cancer: A pan‑cancer analysis and experimental verification. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:214. [PMID: 37123026 PMCID: PMC10131276 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper ions can bind directly to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, triggering the aggregation of mitochondrial lipoylated proteins and the destabilization of Fe-S cluster proteins, resulting in copper-dependent cell death. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) is a key protein of the TCA cycle and constitutes the E3 component of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, which is deeply interconnected with the mitochondrial electron transfer chain in the TCA cycle. Tumor cells demonstrate dependency on glutaminolysis fuelling to carry out the TCA cycle and essential biosynthetic processes supporting tumor growth. Therefore, DLD plays an important role in the tumor biological process. However, to the best of our knowledge, no pan-cancer analysis is currently available for DLD. Therefore, the present study first explored the DLD expression profile in 33 tumors in publicly available datasets, including TIMER2, GEPIA2, UALCAN, cBioPortal and STRING. TIMER2, GEPIA2 and UALCAN were used for exploring gene expression; survival prognosis was detected by GEPIA2; genetic alteration was analysed by cBioPortal; immune infiltration data was obtained from TIMER2; interacting proteins of DLD were detected by STRING. DLD was found to be highly expressed in colon, liver, lung, stomach, renal, corpus uteri endometrial and ovarian cancers compared with normal tissues, and its high expression was associated with poorer prognosis in ovarian cancer. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provided the first comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of DLD across different tumors types. As the expression of DLD in ovarian cancer was high, and high expression is associated with poor prognosis, experimental verification of DLD in ovarian cancer was conducted. In the present study, DLD expression was found to be high in the ovarian cancer OC3 cell line, compared with the normal ovarian epithelial IOSE80 cell line by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. After knockdown of DLD expression, it was found that DLD regulated metabolic pathways by suppressing the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio, which then in turn suppressed tumor cell proliferation detected by MTT assay. In conclusion, the present pan-cancer analysis of DLD demonstrated that DLD expression was associated with the clinical prognosis, immune infiltration and tumor mutational burden in 33 tumor types, and experimental verification in ovarian cancer was conducted. These results may contribute to the understanding of the role of DLD in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qi
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
- Dr Han Qi, Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Dongsheng Zhu
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Dongsheng Zhu, Department of Paediatric Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tongguan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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25
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Silwal P, Nguyen-Thai AM, Mohammad HA, Wang Y, Robbins PD, Lee JY, Vo NV. Cellular Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Aging and Degeneration: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:686. [PMID: 37189433 PMCID: PMC10135543 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Closely associated with aging and age-related disorders, cellular senescence (CS) is the inability of cells to proliferate due to accumulated unrepaired cellular damage and irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells are characterized by their senescence-associated secretory phenotype that overproduces inflammatory and catabolic factors that hamper normal tissue homeostasis. Chronic accumulation of senescent cells is thought to be associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in an aging population. This IDD is one of the largest age-dependent chronic disorders, often associated with neurological dysfunctions such as, low back pain, radiculopathy, and myelopathy. Senescent cells (SnCs) increase in number in the aged, degenerated discs, and have a causative role in driving age-related IDD. This review summarizes current evidence supporting the role of CS on onset and progression of age-related IDD. The discussion includes molecular pathways involved in CS such as p53-p21CIP1, p16INK4a, NF-κB, and MAPK, and the potential therapeutic value of targeting these pathways. We propose several mechanisms of CS in IDD including mechanical stress, oxidative stress, genotoxic stress, nutritional deprivation, and inflammatory stress. There are still large knowledge gaps in disc CS research, an understanding of which will provide opportunities to develop therapeutic interventions to treat age-related IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanta Silwal
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Allison M. Nguyen-Thai
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Haneef Ahamed Mohammad
- Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Yanshan Wang
- Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute of the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joon Y. Lee
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nam V. Vo
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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26
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Lushchak O, Gospodaryov D, Strilbytska O, Bayliak M. Changing ROS, NAD and AMP: A path to longevity via mitochondrial therapeutics. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 136:157-196. [PMID: 37437977 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Lifespan of many organisms, from unicellular yeast to extremely complex human organism, strongly depends on the genetic background and environmental factors. Being among most influential target energy metabolism is affected by macronutrients, their caloric values, and peculiarities of catabolism. Mitochondria are central organelles that respond for energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are lifespan modifying metabolites and a kind of biological clock. Oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) are important metabolic intermediates and molecules that trigger or inhibit several signaling pathways involved in gene silencing, nutrient allocation, and cell regeneration and programmed death. A part of NAD+ and AMP metabolism is tied to mitochondria. Using substances that able to target mitochondria, as well as allotopic expression of specific enzymes, are envisioned to be innovative approaches to prolong lifespan by modulation of ROS, NAD+, and AMP levels. Among substances, an anti-diabetic drug metformin is believed to increase NAD+ and AMP levels, indirectly influencing histone deacetylases, involved in gene silencing, and AMP-activated protein kinase, an energy sensor of cells. Mitochondrially targeted derivatives of ubiquinone were found to interact with ROS. A mitochondrially targeted non-proton-pumping NADH dehydrogenase may influence both ROS and NAD+ levels. Chapter describes putative how mitochondria-targeted drugs and NADH dehydrogenase extend lifespan, perspectives of creating drugs with similar properties and their usage as senotherapeutic pills are discussed in the chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Dmytro Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Olha Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Maria Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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Zhang K, Sowers ML, Cherryhomes EI, Singh VK, Mishra A, Restrepo BI, Khan A, Jagannath C. Sirtuin-dependent metabolic and epigenetic regulation of macrophages during tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1121495. [PMID: 36993975 PMCID: PMC10040548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1121495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the preeminent phagocytic cells which control multiple infections. Tuberculosis a leading cause of death in mankind and the causative organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infects and persists in macrophages. Macrophages use reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and autophagy to kill and degrade microbes including MTB. Glucose metabolism regulates the macrophage-mediated antimicrobial mechanisms. Whereas glucose is essential for the growth of cells in immune cells, glucose metabolism and its downsteam metabolic pathways generate key mediators which are essential co-substrates for post-translational modifications of histone proteins, which in turn, epigenetically regulate gene expression. Herein, we describe the role of sirtuins which are NAD+-dependent histone histone/protein deacetylases during the epigenetic regulation of autophagy, the production of ROS/RNS, acetyl-CoA, NAD+, and S-adenosine methionine (SAM), and illustrate the cross-talk between immunometabolism and epigenetics on macrophage activation. We highlight sirtuins as emerging therapeutic targets for modifying immunometabolism to alter macrophage phenotype and antimicrobial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Mark L. Sowers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ellie I. Cherryhomes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Vipul K. Singh
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Blanca I. Restrepo
- University of Texas Health Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Arshad Khan
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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28
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Plasma-Like Culture Medium for the Study of Viruses. mBio 2023; 14:e0203522. [PMID: 36515528 PMCID: PMC9973327 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02035-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections attract more and more attention, especially after the emergence of novel zoonotic coronaviruses and the monkeypox virus over the last 2 decades. Research on viruses is based to a great extent on mammalian cell lines that are permissive to the respective viruses. These cell lines are usually cultivated according to the protocols established in the 1950s to 1970s, although it is clear that classical media have a significant imprint on cell growth, phenotype, and especially metabolism. So, recently in the field of biochemistry and metabolomics novel culture media have been developed that resemble human blood plasma. As perturbations in metabolic and redox pathways during infection are considered significant factors of viral pathogenesis, these novel medium formulations should be adapted by the virology field. So far, there are only scarce data available on viral propagation efficiencies in cells cultivated in plasma-like media. But several groups have presented convincing data on the use of such media for cultivation of uninfected cells. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current state of research in the field of plasma-resembling culture media and to point out the influence of media on various cellular processes in uninfected cells that may play important roles in viral replication and pathogenesis in order to sensitize virology research to the use of such media.
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Both prolonged high-fat diet consumption and calorie restriction boost hepatic NAD+ metabolism in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 115:109296. [PMID: 36849030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic NAD+ homeostasis is essential to metabolic flexibility upon energy balance challenges. The molecular mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to determine how the enzymes involved in NAD+ salvage (Nampt, Nmnat1, Nrk1), clearance (Nnmt, Aox1, Cyp2e1), and consumption pathways (Sirt1, Sirt3, Sirt6, Parp1, Cd38) were regulated in the liver upon energy overload or shortage, as well as their relationships with glucose and lipid metabolism. Male C57BL/6N mice were fed ad libitum with the CHOW diet, high-fat diet (HFD), or subjected to 40% calorie restriction (CR) CHOW diet for 16 weeks respectively. HFD feeding increased hepatic lipids content and inflammatory markers, while lipids accumulation was not changed by CR. Both HFD feeding and CR elevated the hepatic NAD+ levels, as well as gene and protein levels of Nampt and Nmnat1. Furthermore, both HFD feeding and CR lowered acetylation of PGC-1α in parallel with the reduced hepatic lipogenesis and enhanced fatty acid oxidation, while CR enhanced hepatic AMPK activity and gluconeogenesis. Hepatic Nampt and Nnmt gene expression negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose levels concomitant with positive correlations with Pck1 gene expression. Nrk1 and Cyp2e1 gene expression positively correlated with fat mass and plasma cholesterol levels, as well as Srebf1 gene expression. These data highlight that hepatic NAD+ metabolism will be induced for either the down-regulation of lipogenesis upon over nutrition or up-regulation of gluconeogenesis in response to CR, thus contributing to the hepatic metabolic flexibility upon energy balance challenges.
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30
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Haq MFU, Hussain MZ, Mahjabeen I, Akram Z, Saeed N, Shafique R, Abbasi SF, Kayani MA. Oncometabolic role of mitochondrial sirtuins in glioma patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281840. [PMID: 36809279 PMCID: PMC9943017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial sirtuins have diverse role specifically in aging, metabolism and cancer. In cancer, these sirtuins play dichotomous role as tumor suppressor and promoter. Previous studies have reported the involvement of sirtuins in different cancers. However, till now no study has been published with respect to mitochondrial sirtuins and glioma risks. Present study was purposed to figure out the expression level of mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5) and related genes (GDH, OGG1-2α, SOD1, SOD2, HIF1α and PARP1) in 153 glioma tissue samples and 200 brain tissue samples from epilepsy patients (taken as controls). To understand the role of selected situins in gliomagenesis, DNA damage was measured using the comet assay and oncometabolic role (oxidative stress level, ATP level and NAD level) was measured using the ELISA and quantitative PCR. Results analysis showed significant down-regulation of SIRT4 (p = 0.0337), SIRT5 (p<0.0001), GDH (p = 0.0305), OGG1-2α (p = 0.0001), SOD1 (p<0.0001) and SOD2 (p<0.0001) in glioma patients compared to controls. In case of SIRT3 (p = 0.0322), HIF1α (p = 0.0385) and PARP1 (p = 0.0203), significant up-regulation was observed. ROC curve analysis and cox regression analysis showed the good diagnostic and prognostic value of mitochondrial sirtuins in glioma patients. Oncometabolic rate assessment analysis showed significant increased ATP level (p<0.0001), NAD+ level [(NMNAT1 (p<0.0001), NMNAT3 (p<0.0001) and NAMPT (p<0.04)] and glutathione level (p<0.0001) in glioma patients compared to controls. Significant increased level of damage ((p<0.04) and decrease level of antioxidant enzymes include superoxide dismutase (SOD, p<0.0001), catalase (CAT, p<0.0001) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx, p<0.0001) was observed in patients compared to controls. Present study data suggest that variation in expression pattern of mitochondrial sirtuins and increased metabolic rate may have diagnostic and prognostic significance in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazal Ul Haq
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Zertashia Akram
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Saeed
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Shafique
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Fida Abbasi
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Altea-Manzano P, Vandekeere A, Edwards-Hicks J, Roldan M, Abraham E, Lleshi X, Guerrieri AN, Berardi D, Wills J, Junior JM, Pantazi A, Acosta JC, Sanchez-Martin RM, Fendt SM, Martin-Hernandez M, Finch AJ. Reversal of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 enables anaplerosis via redox rescue in respiration-deficient cells. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4537-4547.e7. [PMID: 36327975 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the electron transport chain (ETC) prevents the regeneration of mitochondrial NAD+, resulting in cessation of the oxidative tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and a consequent dependence upon reductive carboxylation for aspartate synthesis. NAD+ regeneration alone in the cytosol can rescue the viability of ETC-deficient cells. Yet, how this occurs and whether transfer of oxidative equivalents to the mitochondrion is required remain unknown. Here, we show that inhibition of the ETC drives reversal of the mitochondrial aspartate transaminase (GOT2) as well as malate and succinate dehydrogenases (MDH2 and SDH) to transfer oxidative NAD+ equivalents into the mitochondrion. This supports the NAD+-dependent activity of the mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and thereby enables anaplerosis-the entry of glutamine-derived carbon into the TCA cycle and connected biosynthetic pathways. Thus, under impaired ETC function, the cytosolic redox state is communicated into the mitochondrion and acts as a rheostat to support GDH activity and cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Altea-Manzano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Anke Vandekeere
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Joy Edwards-Hicks
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Mar Roldan
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Emily Abraham
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xhordi Lleshi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ania Naila Guerrieri
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Domenica Berardi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jimi Wills
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jair Marques Junior
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Asimina Pantazi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Rosario M Sanchez-Martin
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Miguel Martin-Hernandez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Granada 18016, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I Department, School of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Andrew J Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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32
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Sosa-Díaz E, Hernández-Cruz EY, Pedraza-Chaverri J. The role of vitamin D on redox regulation and cellular senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:253-273. [PMID: 36270517 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is considered an essential micronutrient for human health that is metabolized into a multifunctional secosteroid hormone. We can synthesize it in the skin through ultraviolet B (UVB) rays or acquire it from the diet. Its deficiency is a major global health problem that affects all ages and ethnic groups. Furthermore, dysregulation of vitamin D homeostasis has been associated with premature aging, driven by various cellular processes, including oxidative stress and cellular senescence. Various studies have shown that vitamin D can attenuate oxidative stress and delay cellular senescence, mainly by inducing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Klotho and improving mitochondrial homeostasis, proposing this vitamin as an excellent candidate for delaying aging. However, the mechanisms around these processes are not yet fully explored. Therefore, in this review, the effects of vitamin D on redox regulation and cellular senescence are discussed to propose new lines of research and clinical applications of vitamin D in the context of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Sosa-Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04360, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico; Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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33
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Kim JK, Silwal P, Jo EK. Sirtuin 1 in Host Defense during Infection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182921. [PMID: 36139497 PMCID: PMC9496836 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are members of the class III histone deacetylase family and epigenetically control multiple target genes to modulate diverse biological responses in cells. Among the SIRTs, SIRT1 is the most well-studied, with a role in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses following infection. The functions of SIRT1 include orchestrating immune, inflammatory, metabolic, and autophagic responses, all of which are required in establishing and controlling host defenses during infection. In this review, we summarize recent information on the roles of SIRT1 and its regulatory mechanisms during bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. We also discuss several SIRT1 modulators, as potential antimicrobial treatments. Understanding the function of SIRT1 in balancing immune homeostasis will contribute to the development of new therapeutics for the treatment of infection and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence:
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34
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Nica V, Popp RA, Crișan TO, Joosten LAB. The future clinical implications of trained immunity. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:1125-1134. [PMID: 36062825 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2120470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trained Immunity (TI) refers to the long-term modulation of the innate immune response, based on previous interactions with microbes, microbial ligands or endogenous substances. Through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils develop an enhanced capacity to mount innate immune responses to subsequent stimuli and this is persistent due to alterations at the myeloid progenitor compartment. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this article is to review the current understanding of the TI process and discuss about its potential clinical implications in the near future. We address the evidence of TI involvement in various diseases, the currently developed new therapy, and discuss how TI may lead to new clinical tools to improve existing standards of care. EXPERT OPINION The state of art in this domain has made considerable progress, linking TI-related mechanisms in multiple immune-mediated pathologies, starting with infections to autoimmune disorders and cancers. As a relatively new area of immunology, it has seen fast progress with many of its applications ready to be investigated in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Nica
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu A Popp
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tania O Crișan
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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35
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Tournaire G, Loopmans S, Stegen S, Rinaldi G, Eelen G, Torrekens S, Moermans K, Carmeliet P, Ghesquière B, Thienpont B, Fendt SM, van Gastel N, Carmeliet G. Skeletal progenitors preserve proliferation and self-renewal upon inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by rerouting the TCA cycle. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111105. [PMID: 35905715 PMCID: PMC9380255 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional electron transport chain (ETC) is crucial for supporting bioenergetics and biosynthesis. Accordingly, ETC inhibition decreases proliferation in cancer cells but does not seem to impair stem cell proliferation. However, it remains unclear how stem cells metabolically adapt. In this study, we show that pharmacological inhibition of complex III of the ETC in skeletal stem and progenitor cells induces glycolysis side pathways and reroutes the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to regenerate NAD+ and preserve cell proliferation. These metabolic changes also culminate in increased succinate and 2-hydroxyglutarate levels that inhibit Ten-eleven translocation (TET) DNA demethylase activity, thereby preserving self-renewal and multilineage potential. Mechanistically, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase and reverse succinate dehydrogenase activity proved to be essential for the metabolic rewiring in response to ETC inhibition. Together, these data show that the metabolic plasticity of skeletal stem and progenitor cells allows them to bypass ETC blockade and preserve their self-renewal. Skeletal stem/progenitor cells can proliferate upon electron transport chain blockade Succinate dehydrogenase is reversed with fumarate functioning as electron acceptor Pyruvate and aspartate are critical for NAD+ regeneration and proliferation Metabolic changes prevent DNA demethylation and preserve self-renewal
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tournaire
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shauni Loopmans
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steve Stegen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianmarco Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Torrekens
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Moermans
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven/VIB Center for Cancer Biology Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernard Thienpont
- Laboratory of Functional Epigenetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, O&N1bis Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Chen X, Liu F, Li B, Wang Y, Yuan L, Yin A, Chen Q, Hu W, Yao Y, Zhang M, Wu Y, Chen K. Neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency affects neuronal development and potentiates neuronal apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:103. [PMID: 35794642 PMCID: PMC9258231 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurodegenerative diseases encompass an extensive and heterogeneous group of nervous system disorders which are characterized by progressive degeneration and death of neurons. Many lines of evidence suggest the participation of mitochondria dysfunction in these diseases. Mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, encoded by FARS2, catalyzes the transfer of phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA for protein synthesis. As a member of mt-aaRSs genes, FARS2 missense homozygous mutation c.424G > T (p.D142Y) found in a Chinese consanguineous family first built the relationship between pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and FARS2 gene. More FARS2 variations were subsequently found to cause heterogeneous group of neurologic disorders presenting three main phenotypic manifestations: infantile-onset epileptic mitochondrial encephalopathy, later-onset spastic paraplegia and juvenile onset refractory epilepsy. Studies showed that aminoacylation activity is frequently disrupt in cases with FARS2 mutations, indicating a loss-of-function mechanism. However, the underlying pathogenesis of neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency is still largely unknown. Results Early gestation lethality of global Fars2 knockout mice was observed prior to neurogenesis. The conditional Fars2 knockout-mouse model delayed lethality to late-gestation, resulting in a thinner cortex and an enlarged ventricle which is consist with the MRI results revealing cortical atrophy and reduced cerebral white matter volume in FARS2-deficient patients. Delayed development of neurite outgrowth followed by neuronal apoptosis was confirmed in Fars2-knockdown mouse primary cultured neurons. Zebrafish, in which fars2 was knocked down, exhibited aberrant motor neuron function including reduced locomotor capacity which well restored the spastic paraplegia phenotype of FARS2-deficient patients. Altered mitochondrial protein synthesis and reduced levels of oxidative phosphorylation complexes were detected in Fars2-deficient samples. And thus, reduced ATP, total NAD levels and mitochondrial membrane potential, together with increased ROS production, revealed mitochondrial dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo. Dctn3 is a potential downstream molecule in responds to Fars2 deficient in neurons, which may provide some evidence for the development of pathogenesis study and therapeutic schedule. Conclusions The Fars2 deficiency genetic models developed in this study cover the typical clinical manifestations in FARS2 patients, and help clarify how neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency, by damaging the mitochondrial respiratory chain and impairing mitochondrial function, affects neuronal development and potentiates neuronal cell apoptosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00838-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Medical Genetics, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Anan Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Plastic surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Medical Genetics, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Medical Genetics, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Medical Genetics, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - YuanMing Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Lin SY, Syu JP, Lo YT, Chau YP, Don MJ, Shy HT, Lai SM, Kung HN. Mitochondrial activity is the key to the protective effect of β-Lapachone, a NAD + booster, in healthy cells against cisplatin cytotoxicity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154094. [PMID: 35447421 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CDDP) is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for treating various cancers. However, CDDP also damages normal cells and causes many side effects. Recently, CDDP has been demonstrated to kill cancer cells by targeting mitochondria. Protecting mitochondria might be a potential therapeutic strategy for CDDP-induced side effects. β-Lapachone (β-lap), a recognized NAD+ booster, has been reported to regulate mitochondrial activity. However, it remains unclear whether maintaining mitochondrial activity is the key factor in the protective effects of β-lap in CDDP-treated normal cells. PURPOSE In this study, the protective effects of β-lap on mitochondria against CDDP cytotoxicity in normal cells were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN In vitro cell models were used in this study, including 3T3 fibroblasts, human dermal fibroblasts, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. METHODS Cells were treated with CDDP and β-lap, and cell survival, NAD+, mitochondrial activity, autophagy, and ATP production were measured. Various inhibitors and siRNAs were used to confirm the key signal underlying the protective effects of β-lap. RESULTS The results demonstrated that β-lap significantly decreased CDDP cytotoxicity in normal fibroblasts. With various inhibitors and siRNAs, β-lap reduced CDDP-induced damage to normal fibroblasts by maintaining mitochondrial activity and increasing autophagy through the NQO1/NAD+/SIRT1 axis. Most importantly, the protective effects of β-lap in fibroblasts did not affect the therapeutic effects of CDDP in cancer cells. This study indicated that mitochondrial activity, energy production, and NQO1 levels might be crucial responses separating normal cells from cancer cells under exposure to CDDP and β-lap. CONCLUSION β-lap could be a good synergistic drug for reducing the side effects of CDDP without affecting the anticancer drug effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Pu Syu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lo
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yat-Pang Chau
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jaw Don
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Tzer Shy
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ni Kung
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
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38
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GAO R, FU Q, LUO D, LIU B. Multi-signal information increment sensing system for point-of-care testing of NADH based on cobalt oxyhydroxide nanoflakes. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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39
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Zhao G, Rusche LN. Sirtuins in Epigenetic Silencing and Control of Gene Expression in Model and Pathogenic Fungi. Annu Rev Microbiol 2022; 76:157-178. [PMID: 35609947 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041020-100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fungi, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, proliferate on decaying matter and then adopt quiescent forms once nutrients are depleted. This review explores how fungi use sirtuin deacetylases to sense and respond appropriately to changing nutrients. Because sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deacetylases, their activity is sensitive to intracellular NAD+ availability. This allows them to transmit information about a cell's metabolic state on to the biological processes they influence. Fungal sirtuins are primarily known to deacetylate histones, repressing transcription and modulating genome stability. Their target genes include those involved in NAD+ homeostasis, metabolism, sporulation, secondary metabolite production, and virulence traits of pathogenic fungi. By targeting different genes over evolutionary time, sirtuins serve as rewiring points that allow organisms to evolve novel responses to low NAD+ stress by bringing relevant biological processes under the control of sirtuins. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 76 is September 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolei Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA; ,
| | - Laura N Rusche
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA; ,
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40
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Elebring E, Wallenius V, Casselbrant A, Docherty NG, le Roux CW, Marschall HU, Fändriks L. A Fatty Diet Induces a Jejunal Ketogenesis Which Inhibits Local SGLT1-Based Glucose Transport via an Acetylation Mechanism—Results from a Randomized Cross-Over Study between Iso-Caloric High-Fat versus High-Carbohydrate Diets in Healthy Volunteers. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091961. [PMID: 35565929 PMCID: PMC9100393 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Insights into the nature of gut adaptation after different diets enhance the understanding of how food modifications can be used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. The aim was to understand how diets, enriched in fat or carbohydrates, affect glucose absorption in the human healthy jejunum, and what mechanisms are involved. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects received, in randomised order and a crossover study design, two weeks of iso-caloric high-fat diet (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diet (HCD). Following each dietary period, jejunal mucosa samples were retrieved and assessed for protein expression using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Functional characterisation of epithelial glucose transport was assessed ex vivo using Ussing chambers. Regulation of SGLT1 through histone acetylation was studied in vitro in Caco-2 and human jejunal enteroid monolayer cultures. Results: HFD, compared to HCD, decreased jejunal Ussing chamber epithelial glucose transport and the expression of apical transporters for glucose (SGLT1) and fructose (GLUT5), while expression of the basolateral glucose transporter GLUT2 was increased. HFD also increased protein expression of the ketogenesis rate-limiting enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) and decreased the acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9ac). Studies in Caco-2 and human jejunal enteroid monolayer cultures indicated a ketogenesis-induced activation of sirtuins, in turn decreasing SGLT1 expression. Conclusion: Jejunal glucose absorption is decreased by a fat-enriched diet, via a ketogenesis-induced alteration of histone acetylation responsible for the silencing of SGLT1 transcription. The work relates to a secondary outcome in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02088853).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Elebring
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.E.); (V.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Ville Wallenius
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.E.); (V.W.); (A.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Casselbrant
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.E.); (V.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Neil G. Docherty
- Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (N.G.D.); (C.W.l.R.)
| | - Carel W. le Roux
- Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (N.G.D.); (C.W.l.R.)
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Fändriks
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.E.); (V.W.); (A.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-313424123
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Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ, Lanaspa MA, Nakagawa T, Garcia-Arroyo FE, Sánchez-Lozada LG. Sirtuin deficiency and the adverse effects of fructose and uric acid synthesis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R347-R359. [PMID: 35271385 PMCID: PMC8993531 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00238.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fructose metabolism and hyperuricemia have been shown to drive insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, hypertension, inflammation, and innate immune reactivity in experimental studies. We suggest that these adverse effects are at least in part the result of suppressed activity of sirtuins, particularly Sirtuin1. Deficiency of sirtuin deacetylations is a consequence of reduced bioavailability of its cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Uric acid-induced inflammation and oxidative stress consume NAD+ and activation of the polyol pathway of fructose and uric acid synthesis also reduces the NAD+-to-NADH ratio. Variability in the compensatory regeneration of NAD+ could result in variable recovery of sirtuin activity that may explain the inconsistent benefits of treatments directed to reduce uric acid in clinical trials. Here, we review the pathogenesis of the metabolic dysregulation driven by hyperuricemia and their potential relationship with sirtuin deficiency. In addition, we discuss therapeutic options directed to increase NAD+ and sirtuins activity that may improve the adverse effects resulting from fructose and uric acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán," Mexico City, Mexico
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
- Kidney Disease Division, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Fernando E Garcia-Arroyo
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura G Sánchez-Lozada
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
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Zeng HF, Xu J, Wang XL, Li SJ, Han ZY. Nicotinamide mononucleotide alleviates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in BMECs through reducing mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113441. [PMID: 35358918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress is directly correlated to mammary gland dysfunction in dairy cows, especially in summer. Abnormally high environmental temperature induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has beneficial effects in maintaining the cellular physiological functions. In this study, we evaluate the protective effect of NMN on heat stress-induced apoptosis of BMECs and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that heat stress considerably decreased cell viability in BMECs, whereas pretreatment of BMECs with NMN (150 μM) for 24 h significantly alleviated the negative effects of heat stress on cells. NMN protected BMECs from heat stress-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. It also inhibited apoptosis by reducing the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and blocking proteolytic the cleavage of Caspase-3 in heat stressed-BMECs. Importantly, NMN treatment could reduce mitochondrial damage through mediating the expression of mitochondrial fission and fusion-related genes, including Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), Mitochondrial fission 1 protein (Fis1), and Mitofusin1, 2 (MFN1, 2); and suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress through unfolded protein response regulator Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and downstream elements Recombinant activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Above all, our results demonstrate that NMN supplemention attenuates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in BMECs by maintaining mitochondrial fission and fusion, and regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, which provides the convincing evidence that NMN has valuable potential in alleviating mammary gland injury of dairy cows caused by environmental heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Fang Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin-Ling Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shu-Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Barrero MJ, Cejas P, Long HW, Ramirez de Molina A. Nutritional Epigenetics in Cancer. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1748-1761. [PMID: 35421212 PMCID: PMC9526851 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the epigenome are well known to affect cancer development and progression. Epigenetics is highly influenced by the environment, including diet, which is a source of metabolic substrates that influence the synthesis of cofactors or substrates for chromatin and RNA modifying enzymes. In addition, plants are a common source of bioactives that can directly modify the activity of these enzymes. Here, we review and discuss the impact of diet on epigenetic mechanisms, including chromatin and RNA regulation, and its potential implications for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paloma Cejas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Translational Oncology Laboratory, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henry W Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Tumor growth of neurofibromin-deficient cells is driven by decreased respiration and hampered by NAD + and SIRT3. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1996-2008. [PMID: 35393510 PMCID: PMC9525706 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00991-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromin loss drives neoplastic growth and a rewiring of mitochondrial metabolism. Here we report that neurofibromin ablation dampens expression and activity of NADH dehydrogenase, the respiratory chain complex I, in an ERK-dependent fashion, decreasing both respiration and intracellular NAD+. Expression of the alternative NADH dehydrogenase NDI1 raises NAD+/NADH ratio, enhances the activity of the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT3 and interferes with tumorigenicity in neurofibromin-deficient cells. The antineoplastic effect of NDI1 is mimicked by administration of NAD+ precursors or by rising expression of the NAD+ deacetylase SIRT3 and is synergistic with ablation of the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1, which augments succinate dehydrogenase activity further contributing to block pro-neoplastic metabolic changes. These findings shed light on bioenergetic adaptations of tumors lacking neurofibromin, linking complex I inhibition to mitochondrial NAD+/NADH unbalance and SIRT3 inhibition, as well as to down-regulation of succinate dehydrogenase. This metabolic rewiring could unveil attractive therapeutic targets for neoplasms related to neurofibromin loss.
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GlyNAC (Glycine and N-Acetylcysteine) Supplementation in Mice Increases Length of Life by Correcting Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Abnormalities in Mitophagy and Nutrient Sensing, and Genomic Damage. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051114. [PMID: 35268089 PMCID: PMC8912885 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Determinants of length of life are not well understood, and therefore increasing lifespan is a challenge. Cardinal theories of aging suggest that oxidative stress (OxS) and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the aging process, but it is unclear if they could also impact lifespan. Glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, protects cells from OxS and is necessary for maintaining mitochondrial health, but GSH levels decline with aging. Based on published human studies where we found that supplementing glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) improved/corrected GSH deficiency, OxS and mitochondrial dysfunction, we hypothesized that GlyNAC supplementation could increase longevity. We tested our hypothesis by evaluating the effect of supplementing GlyNAC vs. placebo in C57BL/6J mice on (a) length of life; and (b) age-associated GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitophagy and nutrient-sensing, and genomic-damage in the heart, liver and kidneys. Results showed that mice receiving GlyNAC supplementation (1) lived 24% longer than control mice; (2) improved/corrected impaired GSH synthesis, GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitophagy and nutrient-sensing, and genomic-damage. These studies provide proof-of-concept that GlyNAC supplementation can increase lifespan and improve multiple age-associated defects. GlyNAC could be a novel and simple nutritional supplement to improve lifespan and healthspan, and warrants additional investigation.
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Sirtuins are crucial regulators of T cell metabolism and functions. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:207-215. [PMID: 35296782 PMCID: PMC8979958 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that metabolism underlies T cell differentiation and functions. The pathways regulating T cell metabolism and function are interconnected, and changes in T cell metabolic activity directly impact the effector functions and fate of T cells. Thus, understanding how metabolic pathways influence immune responses and ultimately affect disease progression is paramount. Epigenetic and posttranslational modification mechanisms have been found to control immune responses and metabolic reprogramming. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases that play key roles during cellular responses to a variety of stresses and have recently been reported to have potential roles in immune responses. Therefore, sirtuins are of significant interest as therapeutic targets to treat immune-related diseases and enhance antitumor immunity. This review aims to illustrate the potential roles of sirtuins in different subtypes of T cells during the adaptive immune response. Sirtuins, enzymes that regulate how cells respond to stress, regulate T cell metabolism and functions, and therefore blocking or boosting sirtuins influences immune responses. As part of the immune system, some types of T cells attack specific targets; others keep the immune response in check. Imene Hamaidi and Sungjune Kim at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA, have reviewed how sirtuins affect different subsets of T cells to either promote or suppress immune responses. Boosting sirtuins that increase the function of inflammation-suppressing T cells can improve outcomes for transplant recipients or help treat autoimmune diseases. Conversely, stimulating immune-activating sirtuins can help re-energize exhausted antitumor T cells. Understanding the complex web of sirtuin–T cell interactions may help in developing therapeutic strategies for improving transplant outcomes, and for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Zeidler JD, Hogan KA, Agorrody G, Peclat TR, Kashyap S, Kanamori KS, Gomez LS, Mazdeh DZ, Warner GM, Thompson KL, Chini CCS, Chini EN. The CD38 glycohydrolase and the NAD sink: implications for pathological conditions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C521-C545. [PMID: 35138178 PMCID: PMC8917930 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00451.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) acts as a cofactor in several oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and is a substrate for a number of nonredox enzymes. NAD is fundamental to a variety of cellular processes including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and epigenetics. NAD homeostasis appears to be of paramount importance to health span and longevity, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases. NAD metabolism is dynamic and maintained by synthesis and degradation. The enzyme CD38, one of the main NAD-consuming enzymes, is a key component of NAD homeostasis. The majority of CD38 is localized in the plasma membrane with its catalytic domain facing the extracellular environment, likely for the purpose of controlling systemic levels of NAD. Several cell types express CD38, but its expression predominates on endothelial cells and immune cells capable of infiltrating organs and tissues. Here we review potential roles of CD38 in health and disease and postulate ways in which CD38 dysregulation causes changes in NAD homeostasis and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple conditions. Indeed, in animal models the development of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, fibrosis, metabolic diseases, and age-associated diseases including cancer, heart disease, and neurodegeneration are associated with altered CD38 enzymatic activity. Many of these conditions are modified in CD38-deficient mice or by blocking CD38 NADase activity. In diseases in which CD38 appears to play a role, CD38-dependent NAD decline is often a common denominator of pathophysiology. Thus, understanding dysregulation of NAD homeostasis by CD38 may open new avenues for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna D. Zeidler
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelly A. Hogan
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Guillermo Agorrody
- 3Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay,4Laboratorio de Patologías del Metabolismo y el Envejecimiento, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Thais R. Peclat
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sonu Kashyap
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Karina S. Kanamori
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lilian Sales Gomez
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Delaram Z. Mazdeh
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gina M. Warner
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katie L. Thompson
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Claudia C. S. Chini
- 2Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Eduardo Nunes Chini
- 1Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Aging Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota,2Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Yang HY, Chen JY, Huo YN, Yu PL, Lin PZ, Hsu SC, Huang SM, Tsai CS, Lin CY. The Role of Sirtuin 1 in Palmitic Acid-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cardiac Myoblasts. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020182. [PMID: 35207470 PMCID: PMC8878829 DOI: 10.3390/life12020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lipotoxicity causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to cell apoptosis. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) regulates gene transcription and cellular metabolism. In this study, we investigated the role of Sirt1 in palmitate-induced ER stress. Methods: Both H9c2 myoblasts and heart-specific Sirt1 knockout mice fed a palmitate-enriched high-fat diet were used. Results: The high-fat diet induced C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression in both Sirt1 knockout mice and controls. The Sirt1 knockout mice showed higher CHOP and ATF4 expression compared to those in the control. Palmitic acid (PA) induced ATF4 and CHOP expression in H9c2 cells. PA-treated H9c2 cells showed decreased cytosolic NAD+/NADH alongside reduced Sirt1′s activity. The H9c2 cells showed increased ATF4 and CHOP expression when transfected with plasmid encoding dominant negative mutant Sirt1. Sirt1 activator SRT1720 did not affect CHOP and ATF4 expression. Although SRT1720 enhanced the nuclear translocation of ATF4, the extent of the binding of ATF4 to the CHOP promoter did not increase in PA treated-H9c2 cells. Conclusion: PA-induced ER stress is mediated through the upregulation of ATF4 and CHOP. Cytosolic NAD+ concentration is diminished by PA-induced ER stress, leading to decreased Sirt1 activity. The Sirt1 activator SRT1720 promotes the nuclear translocation of ATF4 in PA-treated H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Yu Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Jhao-Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Yen-Nien Huo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Ling Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Pei-Zhen Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | | | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-S.T.); (C.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-7212 (C.-Y.L.); Fax: +886-2-8792-7376 (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (J.-Y.C.); (P.-L.Y.); (P.-Z.L.); (S.-M.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-S.T.); (C.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-7212 (C.-Y.L.); Fax: +886-2-8792-7376 (C.-Y.L.)
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Prestes ADS, Dos Santos MM, Kamdem JP, Mancini G, Schüler da Silva LC, de Bem AF, Barbosa NV. Methylglyoxal disrupts the functionality of rat liver mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109677. [PMID: 34634269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive metabolite derived from different physiological pathways. Its production can be harmful to cells via glycation reactions of lipids, DNA, and proteins. But, the effects of MG on mitochondrial functioning and bioenergetic responses are still elusive. Then, the effects of MG on key parameters of mitochondrial functionality were examined here. Isolated rat liver mitochondria were exposed to 0.1-10 mM of MG to determine its toxicity in the mitochondrial viability, membrane potential (Δψm), swelling and the superoxide (O2•-) production. Besides, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation parameters were analyzed by high-resolution respiratory (HRR) assay. In this set of experiments, routine state, PM state (pyruvate/malate), oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), LEAK respiration, electron transport system (ETS) and oxygen residual (ROX) states were evaluated. HRR showed that PM state, OXPHOS CI-Linked, LEAK respiration, ETS CI/CII-Linked and ETS CII-Linked/ROX were significantly inhibited by MG exposure. MG also inhibited the complex II activity, and decreased Δψm and the viability of mitochondria. Taken together, our data indicates that MG is an inductor of mitochondrial dysfunctions and impairs important steps of respiratory chain, effects that can alter bioenergetics responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Souza Prestes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Mülling Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Pimenta, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Gianni Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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50
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Balparda M, Elsässer M, Badia MB, Giese J, Bovdilova A, Hüdig M, Reinmuth L, Eirich J, Schwarzländer M, Finkemeier I, Schallenberg-Rüdinger M, Maurino VG. Acetylation of conserved lysines fine-tunes mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase activity in land plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:92-111. [PMID: 34713507 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants need to rapidly and flexibly adjust their metabolism to changes of their immediate environment. Since this necessity results from the sessile lifestyle of land plants, key mechanisms for orchestrating central metabolic acclimation are likely to have evolved early. Here, we explore the role of lysine acetylation as a post-translational modification to directly modulate metabolic function. We generated a lysine acetylome of the moss Physcomitrium patens and identified 638 lysine acetylation sites, mostly found in mitochondrial and plastidial proteins. A comparison with available angiosperm data pinpointed lysine acetylation as a conserved regulatory strategy in land plants. Focusing on mitochondrial central metabolism, we functionally analyzed acetylation of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH), which acts as a hub of plant metabolic flexibility. In P. patens mMDH1, we detected a single acetylated lysine located next to one of the four acetylation sites detected in Arabidopsis thaliana mMDH1. We assessed the kinetic behavior of recombinant A. thaliana and P. patens mMDH1 with site-specifically incorporated acetyl-lysines. Acetylation of A. thaliana mMDH1 at K169, K170, and K334 decreases its oxaloacetate reduction activity, while acetylation of P. patens mMDH1 at K172 increases this activity. We found modulation of the malate oxidation activity only in A. thaliana mMDH1, where acetylation of K334 strongly activated it. Comparative homology modeling of MDH proteins revealed that evolutionarily conserved lysines serve as hotspots of acetylation. Our combined analyses indicate lysine acetylation as a common strategy to fine-tune the activity of central metabolic enzymes with likely impact on plant acclimation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Balparda
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Molecular Evolution, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Mariana B Badia
- Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Facultad de Quı́mica e Ingenierı́a del Rosario, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Pellegrini 3314, S2002QEO, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Jonas Giese
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Bovdilova
- Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Meike Hüdig
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Reinmuth
- Molecular Evolution, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Mareike Schallenberg-Rüdinger
- Molecular Evolution, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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