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Zhang C, Ge-Zhang S, Wang Y, Mu H. A Wooden Carbon-Based Photocatalyst for Water Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4743. [PMID: 38731960 PMCID: PMC11083668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to a large number of harmful chemicals flowing into the water source in production and life, the water quality deteriorates, and the use value of water is reduced or lost. Biochar has a strong physical adsorption effect, but it can only separate pollutants from water and cannot eliminate pollutants fundamentally. Photocatalytic degradation technology using photocatalysts uses chemical methods to degrade or mineralize organic pollutants, but it is difficult to recover and reuse. Woody biomass has the advantages of huge reserves, convenient access and a low price. Processing woody biomass into biochar and then combining it with photocatalysts has played a complementary role. In this paper, the shortcomings of a photocatalyst and biochar in water treatment are introduced, respectively, and the advantages of a woody biochar-based photocatalyst made by combining them are summarized. The preparation and assembly methods of the woody biochar-based photocatalyst starting from the preparation of biochar are listed, and the water treatment efficiency of the woody biochar-based photocatalyst using different photocatalysts is listed. Finally, the future development of the woody biochar-based photocatalyst is summarized and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongbo Mu
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Z.)
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2
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Kumar H, Kimta N, Guleria S, Cimler R, Sethi N, Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Duggal S, Verma R, Prerna P, Pathera AK, Alomar SY, Kuca K. Valorization of non-edible fruit seeds into valuable products: A sustainable approach towards circular bioeconomy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171142. [PMID: 38387576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Global imperatives have recently shown a paradigm shift in the prevailing resource utilization model from a linear approach to a circular bioeconomy. The primary goal of the circular bioeconomy model is to minimize waste by effective re-usage of organic waste and efficient nutrient recycling. In essence, circular bioeconomy integrates the fundamental concept of circular economy, which strives to offer sustainable goods and services by leveraging biological resources and processes. Notably, the circular bioeconomy differs from conventional waste recycling by prioritizing the safeguarding and restoration of production ecosystems, focusing on harnessing renewable biological resources and their associated waste streams to produce value-added products like food, animal feed, and bioenergy. Amidst these sustainability efforts, fruit seeds are getting considerable attention, which were previously overlooked and commonly discarded but were known to comprise diverse chemicals with significant industrial applications, not limited to cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. While, polyphenols in these seeds offer extensive health benefits, the inadequate conversion of fruit waste into valuable products poses substantial environmental challenges and resource wastage. This review aims to comprehend the known information about the application of non-edible fruit seeds for synthesising metallic nanoparticles, carbon dots, biochar, biosorbent, and biodiesel. Further, this review sheds light on the potential use of these seeds as functional foods and feed ingredients; it also comprehends the safety aspects associated with their utilization. Overall, this review aims to provide a roadmap for harnessing the potential of non-edible fruit seeds by adhering to the principles of a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Neetika Kimta
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India
| | - Richard Cimler
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Nidhi Sethi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Sampy Duggal
- Department of Ayurveda & Health Sciences, Abhilashi University, Mandi 175028, India
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India.
| | - Prerna Prerna
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India
| | | | - Suliman Y Alomar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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3
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He D, Luo Y, Zhu B. Feedstock and pyrolysis temperature influence biochar properties and its interactions with soil substances: Insights from a DFT calculation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171259. [PMID: 38417524 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The use of biochar for soil improvement and emission reduction has been widely recognized for its excellent performance. However, the choice of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature for biochar production significantly affects its surface parameters and interactions with soil substances. In this study, we retrieved 465 peer-reviewed papers on the application of biochar in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient losses in soil and analyzed the changes in biochar physicochemical parameters from different feedstock and pyrolytic temperatures. Molecular simulation computing technology was also used to explore the impacts of these changes on the interaction between biochar and soil substances. The statistical results from the peer-reviewed papers indicated that biochar derived from wood-based feedstock exhibits superior physical characteristics, such as increased porosity and specific surface area. Conversely, biochar derived from straw-based feedstock was found to contain excellent element content, such as O, N, and H, and biochar derived from straw and produced at low pyrolysis temperatures contains a significant number of functional groups that enhance the charge transfer potential and adsorption stability by increasing surface charge density, charge distribution and bonding orbitals. However, it should be noted that this enhancement may also activate certain recalcitrant C compounds and promote biochar decomposition. Taken together, these results have significant implications for biochar practitioners when selecting suitable feedstock and pyrolysis temperatures based on agricultural needs and increasing their understanding of the interaction mechanism between biochar and soil substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debo He
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiming Luo
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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4
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Cui X, Yang Y, Wang J, Cheng Z, Wang X, Khan KY, Xu S, Yan B, Chen G. Pyrolysis of exhausted biochar sorbent: Fates of cadmium and generation of products. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170712. [PMID: 38325461 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising sorbent for Cd removal from water, while the disposal of the exhausted Cd-enriched biochar remains a challenge. In this study, pyrolysis was employed to treat the exhausted biochar under N2 and CO2 atmospheres at 600-900 °C, and the fate of Cd during pyrolysis and characteristics of high-valued products were determined. The results indicated that higher temperature and CO2 atmosphere favored the volatilization of Cd. Based on the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results, the pyrolysis treatment under both atmospheres enhanced the stability of Cd, and the leached Cd concentration of regenerated biochar obtained at high temperatures (>800 °C) was lower than 1 mg/L. Compared with the pristine biochar, the regenerated biochar demonstrated higher carbon content and pH, whereas the contents of oxygen and hydrogen declined, and exhibited promising sorption properties (35.79 mg/g). The atmosphere played an important role in modifying biochar properties and syngas composition. The N2 atmosphere facilitated CH4 production, whereas the CO2 atmosphere increased the proportion of CO. These results implied that pyrolysis can be a valuable and environmental-friendly strategy for the treatment and reuse of exhausted biochar sorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xutong Wang
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100082, China.
| | - Kiran Yasmin Khan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Beijing Capital Eco-Environment Protection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
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Caldara M, Gullì M, Graziano S, Riboni N, Maestri E, Mattarozzi M, Bianchi F, Careri M, Marmiroli N. Microbial consortia and biochar as sustainable biofertilisers: Analysis of their impact on wheat growth and production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170168. [PMID: 38244628 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The European Union is among the top wheat producers in the world, but its productivity relies on adequate soil fertilisation. Biofertilisers, either alone or in combination with biochar, can be a preferable alternative to chemical fertilisers. However, the addition of biofertilisers, specifically plant growth promoting microbes (PGPM), could modify grain composition, and/or deteriorate the soil composition. In this study, the two wheat cultivars Triticum aestivum (Bramante) and T. durum (Svevo) were cultivated in open fields for two consecutive years in the presence of a commercial PGPM mix supplied alone or in combination with biochar. An in-depth analysis was conducted by collecting physiological and agronomic data throughout the growth period. The effects of PGPM and biochar were investigated in detail; specifically, soil chemistry and rhizosphere microbial composition were characterized, along with the treatment effects on seed storage proteins. The results demonstrated that the addition of commercial microbial consortia and biochar, alone or in combination, did not modify the rhizospheric microbial community; however, it increased grain yield, especially in the cultivar Svevo (increase of 6.8 %-13.6 %), even though the factors driving the most variations were associated with both climate and cultivar. The total gluten content of the flours was not affected, whereas the main effect of the treatments was a variation in gliadins and low-molecular-weight-glutenin subunits in both cultivars when treated with PGPM and biochar. This suggested improved grain quality, especially regarding the viscoelastic properties of the dough, when the filling period occurred in a dry climate. The results indicate that the application of biofertilisers and biochar may aid the effective management of sustainable wheat cultivation, to support environmental health without altering the biodiversity of the resident microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Caldara
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Graziano
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Riboni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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6
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Adhikari S, Moon E, Paz-Ferreiro J, Timms W. Comparative analysis of biochar carbon stability methods and implications for carbon credits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169607. [PMID: 38154640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is an emerging negative emission technology. Its ability to sequester carbon and subsequent carbon credit valuation hinge on the stability of its carbon structure. The widely used indicators of carbon stability H:Corg and O:Corg provide conservative results as these are based on limited incubation experiments and associated modeling results. The results from these accepted methods and other derived methods have not been compared as indicators of carbon stability in a variety of biochar samples. Furthermore, the influence of contrasting feedstock and production techniques on biochar carbon stability is not well explored. Therefore, to address these challenges, a comprehensive stability analysis of 21 different biochar samples with contrasting feedstocks and pyrolysis techniques was conducted using a combination of instrumental methods and derived indicators of carbon stability. Methods such as biochar carbon half-life, thermo-stable fraction, oxidation resistance (R50), and carbon sequestration potential (CS) were used. Based on the initial carbon content of the biochar, simple pyrolysis techniques have similar potential for carbon credits as biochar produced from advanced pyrolysis techniques. Results indicate that the carbon stability of a biochar product is primarily a factor of feedstock type. We found that biochar carbon stability is not related to volatile matter or fixed carbon content for biochar produced using a simple pyrolysis technique and mixed feedstock. Biochars with H:Corg < 0.4 were deemed to have lower carbon stability when compared using different methods. No correlation was observed between the carbon stability of biochar using H:Corg and other methods, however, correlations were observed between half-life, O:Corg, fixed carbon, number of aromatic peaks in FTIR spectrum, R50, and CS. Therefore, it is recommended that data from additional incubation and modeling studies need to be considered to increase the confidence in carbon stability results having major implications to carbon credits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirjana Adhikari
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Ellen Moon
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling the Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Jorge Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
| | - Wendy Timms
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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7
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Lin J, Xu Z, Zhang Q, Cao Y, Mašek O, Lei H, Tsang DCW. Enhanced adsorption of aromatic VOCs on hydrophobic porous biochar produced via microwave rapid pyrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130085. [PMID: 37993065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
To customize biochar suitable for efficient adsorption of benzene derivatives, this study presents programmed microwave pyrolysis to produce hydrophobic porous biochar with low-dose ferric chloride. Designated control of the ramping rates in the carbonization stage and the temperatures in the activation stage were conducive to enlarging the specific surface area. Iron species, including amorphous iron minerals, could create small-scale hotspots during microwave pyrolysis to promote microporous structure development. Compared with conventional pyrolysis, programmed microwave pyrolysis could increase the specific surface area from 288.6 m2 g-1 to 455.9 m2 g-1 with a short heating time (15 min vs. 2 h) under 650 °C. Engineered biochar exhibited higher adsorption capacity for benzene and toluene (136.6 and 94.6 mg g-1), and lower adsorption capacity for water vapour (6.2 mg g-1). These findings provide an innovative design of engineered biochar for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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8
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Mu J, Chen Y, Wu X, Chen Q, Zhang M. Rapid and efficient removal of multiple heavy metals from diverse types of water using magnetic biochars derived from antibiotic fermentation residue. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119685. [PMID: 38042070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis is a promising method to treat antibiotic fermentation residue (AFR), a hazardous waste in China, with the benefits of detoxification and resource recycling. However, the application of the AFR-derived biochar has been limited yet, restricting the use of pyrolysis to treat AFR. Herein, for the first time, we reported the use of magnetic biochars derived from vancomycin fermentation residue to rapidly and efficiently co-adsorb multiple heavy metals from diverse types of water with complex matrices. The biochar prepared at 700 °C (labeled as VBC700) exhibited high affinity and selectivity for multiple heavy metals, especially for Ag(I), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II). The kinetics for Ag(I), Hg(II), and Pb(II) were ultrafast with an equilibrium time of only 5 min, while those for Cu(II) were relatively slower. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model for Ag(I), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) reached 177.4, 105.9, 387.1, 124.5 mg/g, respectively, which were superior to much previously reported adsorbents. Impressively, Na(I), K(I), Ca(II), Mg(II), and salinity did not affect the capture of these heavy metals, and thus >99% of Ag(I), Pb(II), and Cu(II) were concurrently removed from complex water matrices including seawater, which has rarely been reported before. Furthermore, VBC700 remained high adsorption performance at pH ≥ 3. The adsorption mechanisms included ion exchange, precipitation, and inner-sphere complexation. Overall, the results demonstrate that VBC700 would be an excellent adsorbent to co-capture multiple heavy metals from diverse types of water, highlighting the feasibility of using pyrolysis to achieve a win-win goal for AFR management and heavy metal pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Mu
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
| | - Yunchao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China; College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350028, PR China
| | - Xihui Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China; College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Qinpeng Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China; College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Mingdong Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China.
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9
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Tomin O, Vahala R, Yazdani MR. Synthesis and efficiency comparison of reed straw-based biochar as a mesoporous adsorbent for ionic dyes removal. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24722. [PMID: 38298730 PMCID: PMC10828687 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The reed straw is assessed as a potential source of widely available renewable biomass for biochar production and compared with two other waste-based biomasses, namely fruit stones blend, and brewery spent grains. The biochars were activated via steam and CO2. While steam activation yielded 12 % carbon from reed biomass, CO2 activation resulted in biomass degradation. The characterization of reed biochar showed a mesoporous structure and a high surface area of 514 m2/g. The adsorption tests displayed a decent adsorption capacity of biochar, with values of 92.6 mg/g for methylene violet dye and 35.7 mg/g for acid green dye. Only 1 g/L dosage of reed biochar was able to remove 99 % of the 50 mg/L methylene violet solution in 15 min and 60 % of the 50 mg/L acid green solution in 10 min. The obtained results demonstrate reed biomass as a suitable source for biochar production as well as reed-based biochar as a promising dye adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Tomin
- Department of Built Environment, School of Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Riku Vahala
- Department of Built Environment, School of Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Maryam R. Yazdani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 14400, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
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Sun N, Wang T, Qi B, Yu S, Yao Z, Zhu G, Fu Q, Li C. Inhibiting release of phenanthrene from rice-crab coculture sediments to overlying water with rice stalk biochar: Performance and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168385. [PMID: 37952670 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice crab coculture is a new ecological agriculture model combining rice cultivation and crab farming. Current research related to rice crab coculture only focuses on production theory and technical system establishment, while ignoring the potential ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAHs) in rice crab coculture sediment. In this study, rice straw was used to make rice straw biochar to explore the performance and mechanism of inhibiting release of phenanthrene(PHE) from rice-crab coculture sediments to overlying water with rice stalk biochar. The kinetic and isotherm adsorption data were best represented by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 53.35 mg/g at 12 h contact time. The results showed that PHE was released from the rice-crab substrate to the overlying water in dissolved and particle forms as a result of bioturbation, and the PHE concentrations in dissolved and particle forms were 20.9 μg/L and 14.22 μg/L, respectively. This leads to secondary ecological risks in rice-crab co-culture systems. This is related to dissolved organic carbon(DOC) carrying the dissolved PHE and total suspended solids(TSS) carrying the particle PHE in the overlying water. Due to its large specific surface area, rice straw biochar is rich in functional groups, providing multiple hydrophobic adsorption sites. After adding rice straw biochar at 0.5 % w/w (dry weight) dose, the removal efficiency of dissolved and particulate PHE in the overlying water were 78.99 % and 42.11 %, respectively. Rice straw biochar is more competitively adsorbed PHE in the overlying water than TSS and DOC. The removal efficiency of PHE from the sediment was 52.75 %. This study confirmed that rice stalk biochar could effectively inhibit PHE migration and release in paddy sediment. It provides an environment- friendly in situ remediation method for the management of PAHs pollution from crab crops in rice fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Environmental Sciences Postdoctoral Joint Scientific Research Station, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Bowei Qi
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Shijie Yu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Smart Home Business Group, Midea Group, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Zhongbao Yao
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Guanglei Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Chenyang Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Research Center for Ecological Agriculture and Soil-Water Environment Restoration, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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11
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Velumani M, Rajamohan S, Pandey A, Pham NDK, Nguyen VG, Hoang AT. Nanocomposite from tannery sludge-derived biochar and Zinc oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A toward dual environmental benefits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167896. [PMID: 37879472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The growing concern over the presence of pollutants like Bisphenol A (BPA) in water sources has led to the growth of novel treatment technologies for its removal. This research work investigates the development of a novel biochar-metal oxide nanocomposite derived from tannery sludge and Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles for the photodegradation of BPA. The biochar was obtained by pyrolysis process, followed by impregnation of ZnO nanoparticles using a hydrothermal technique. The critical properties of as-prepared nanocomposite were evaluated by FT-IR, BET surface area, XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XPS, PL, EPR, and Raman Spectroscopy. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of nanocomposites was evaluated by measuring the degradation of BPA in visible light irradiation. The outcomes revealed that ZnO-loaded chemically activated biochar exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of BPA than the pristine and non-chemically activated biochar. At pH 5, 0.2 g/L of photocatalyst dosage, 20 ppm of initial pollutant concentration, and 150 min of contact time, the maximum degradation efficiency of BPA was observed as 94.50 %. Also, nanocomposites showed good stability and reusability, with only a slight decrease in photocatalytic activity after multiple cycles of use. More importantly, the degradation mechanisms of BPA using as-prepared nanocomposites were analyzed in detail, indicating that the observed photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the synergistic effect between the biochar and ZnO, which provided a large surface area for the adsorption of BPA and promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species for its degradation. Overall, this study highlighted the potential of using nanocomposites from tannery sludge-derived biochar and ZnO nanoparticles for the degradation of BPA from polluted water sources using a photocatalytic process toward the dual environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanapriya Velumani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India.
| | - Sakthivel Rajamohan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Nguyen Dang Khoa Pham
- PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh city University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam
| | - Van Giao Nguyen
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- Faculty of Automotive Engineering, Dong A University, Danang, Viet Nam.
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12
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Zhang S, Wei L, Trakal L, Wang S, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Chen Q. Pyrolytic and hydrothermal carbonization affect the transformation of phosphorus fractions in the biochar and hydrochar derived from organic materials: A meta-analysis study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167418. [PMID: 37774876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbonized organic materials are widely used to achieve soil improvement and alleviate soil pollution. The carbonization process significantly changes the total phosphorus (P) content and the P form in the solid phase derived from organic materials, which in turn has a significant impact on the P fertilizer effect in soils. In the present study, a meta-analysis with 278 observational data was conducted to detect the impact of the carbonization process (including pyrolytic carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization) on the transformation of P fractions in biochar or hydrochar derived from different organic materials. The results showed that the carbonization process significantly increased the total P content of the solid phase by 67.9%, and that the rate of P recovery from raw materials stayed high with a mean value of 86.8%. Among them, the impact of sludge-derived char was smaller when compared to the manure-derived char and biomass-derived char. The increase of total P in the biochar (or hydrochar) produced at >500 °C (or >200 °C) was more notable than that at <500 °C (or <200 °C). Simultaneously, the carbonization process significantly decreased the proportion of available P pool in the solid phase by 51.7% on average and increased the proportion of stable P pool in the solid phase by 204%. Appropriate production temperature helps to adjust the proportion of stable P pool in the solid phase. This meta-analysis pointed out that the carbonized solid phase recovers most of the P in the feedstock and that it promotes a significant transformation of available P pool in the feedstock to stable P in the carbonized solid phase. These findings provide useful information for the rational use of carbonization technology, the development of corresponding field management strategies, and the potential value of carbonized solid phase utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lulu Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lukas Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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13
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Wang Q, Duan CJ, Geng ZC, Xu CY. Keystone taxa of phoD-harboring bacteria mediate alkaline phosphatase activity during biochar remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167726. [PMID: 37832661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P)-modified biochar can efficiently remediate cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil. However, the mechanisms of responses of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and phoD-harboring microorganisms, which are notably sensitive to Cd and P, are not clear during the remediation process. In this study, apple (Malus domestica) tree branches were co-pyrolyzed with tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4) to prepare P-modified biochar, which was used to remediate Cd-soil contaminated soil collected near a mine site. The effect of P-modified biochar on the composition of the phoD-harboring microbial community and its mechanism of interacting with ALP were analyzed. The results showed that the application of P-modified biochar to Cd-contaminated soil promoted the co-precipitation of Cd and phosphate and reduced the content of bioavailable Cd by 69.77 %. P-modified biochar improved the complexity and stability of the soil phoD-harboring microbial community. Furthermore, this study clarified that ALP activity was not completely regulated by the abundance of phoD, but Priestia and Massilia that contain phoD genes dominated the activity of ALP in rhizosphere and bulk soils, respectively. It is notable that bioavailable Cd significantly stimulated Priestia, Massilia, and ALP activity. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of P-modified biochar to the remediation of soil contaminated with Cd with respect to P functional microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng-Jiao Duan
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Zeng-Chao Geng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chen-Yang Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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14
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Sani MNH, Amin M, Siddique AB, Nasif SO, Ghaley BB, Ge L, Wang F, Yong JWH. Waste-derived nanobiochar: A new avenue towards sustainable agriculture, environment, and circular bioeconomy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166881. [PMID: 37678534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The greatest challenge for the agriculture sector in the twenty-first century is to increase agricultural production to feed the burgeoning global population while maintaining soil health and the integrity of the agroecosystem. Currently, the application of biochar is widely implemented as an effective means for boosting sustainable agriculture while having a negligible influence on ecosystems and the environment. In comparison to traditional biochar, nano-biochar (nano-BC) boasts enhanced specific surface area, adsorption capacity, and mobility properties within soil, allowing it to promote soil properties, crop growth, and environmental remediation. Additionally, carbon sequestration and reduction of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture can be achieved with nano-BC applications, contributing to climate change mitigation. Nonetheless, due to cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and environmental friendliness, waste-derived nano-BC may emerge as the most viable alternative to conventional waste management strategies, contributing to the circular bioeconomy and the broader goal of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, it's important to note that research on nano-BC is still in its nascent stages. Potential risks, including toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial environments, necessitate extensive field investigations. This review delineates the potential of waste-derived nano-BC for sustainable agriculture and environmental applications, outlining current advancements, challenges, and possibilities in the realms from a sustainability and circular bioeconomy standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasir Hossain Sani
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 234 56 Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Mehedi Amin
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Prospect 7250, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Saifullah Omar Nasif
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Bhim Bahadur Ghaley
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Alle 30, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
| | - Liya Ge
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Feng Wang
- Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizer Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 234 56 Alnarp, Sweden.
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15
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Sun S, Wang Q, Wang X, Wu C, Zhang X, Bai J, Sun B. Dry torrefaction and continuous thermochemical conversion for upgrading agroforestry waste into eco-friendly energy carriers: Current progress and future prospect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167061. [PMID: 37714342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Agroforestry Waste (AW) is seen as a carbon neutral resource. However, the poor quality of AW reduced its potential application value. Even more unfortunately, chlorine in AW led to the formation of organic pollutants such as dioxins under higher temperatures. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in ash may deepen the reaction degree. Co-pretreatment of dry torrefaction and de-ashing followed by thermochemical conversion is a promising technology, which can improve raw material quality, inhibit the release of organic pollutants and transform AW into eco-friendly energy carriers. In order to better understand the process, theoretical basis such as the structural characteristics, thermal properties and separation methods of structural components of AW are described in detail. In addition, dry torrefaction related reactors, process parameters, kinetic analysis models as well as the evaluation methods of torrefaction degree and environmental impact are systematically reviewed. The problem of ash accumulation caused by dry torrefaction can be well solved by de-ashing pretreatment. This paper provides a comprehensive discussion on the role of the two- and three-stage conversion technologies around dry torrefacion, de-ashing pretreatment and thermochemical conversion in products quality enhancement. Finally, the existing technical challenges, including suppression of gaseous pollutant release, harmless treatment and reuse of torrefaction liquid product (TPL) and reduction of torrefaction operating costs, are summarized and evaluated. The future research directions, such as vitrification of the reused TPL (after de-ashing or acid catalysis) and integration of oxidative torrefaction with thermochemical conversion technologies, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Sun
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China.
| | - Xinmin Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Jingru Bai
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Baizhong Sun
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City, Jilin 132012, PR China
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16
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Masud MAA, Shin WS, Sarker A, Septian A, Das K, Deepo DM, Iqbal MA, Islam ARMT, Malafaia G. A critical review of sustainable application of biochar for green remediation: Research uncertainty and future directions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166813. [PMID: 37683867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced from the pyrolysis of organic biomass, has gained significant attention as a potential solution for sustainable green remediation practices. Several studies analyze biomass-derived biochar techniques and environmental applications, but comprehensive assessments of biochar limitations, uncertainty, and future research directions still need to be improved. This critical review aims to present a comprehensive analysis of biochar's efficacy in environmental applications, including soil, water, and air, by sequentially addressing its preparation, application, and associated challenges. The review begins by delving into the diverse methods of biochar production, highlighting their influence on physical and chemical properties. This review explores the diverse applications of biochar in remediating contaminated soil, water, and air while emphasizing its sustainability and eco-friendly characteristics. The focus is on incorporating biochar as a remediation technique for pollutant removal, sequestration, and soil improvement. The review highlights the promising results obtained from laboratory-scale experiments, field trials, and case studies, showcasing the effectiveness of biochar in mitigating contaminants and restoring ecosystems. The environmental benefits and challenges of biochar production, characterization, and application techniques are critically discussed. The potential synergistic effects of combining biochar with other remediation methods are also explored to enhance its efficacy. A rigorous analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of biochar for diverse environmental applications in terms of technical, environmental, economic, and social issues is required to support the commercialization of biochar for large-scale uses. Finally, future research directions and recommendations are presented to facilitate the development and implementation of biochar-based, sustainable green remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Masud
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Aniruddha Sarker
- Residual Chemical Assessment Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ardie Septian
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN), Serpong 15314, Indonesia.
| | - Kallol Das
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deen Mohammad Deepo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute-Urutaí Campus, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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17
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Zhao Y, Lu Y, Zhuang H, Shan S. In-situ retention of nitrogen, phosphorus in agricultural drainage and soil nutrients by biochar at different temperatures and the effects on soil microbial response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166292. [PMID: 37586532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
This study conducted a two-year experiment to investigate the impacts of biochar with various temperatures (350 °C, 500 °C, and 650 °C), on the reduction of pollutants in agricultural runoff and the enhancement of soil fertility. The results showed that the biochar significantly reduced the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in farmland runoff. Moreover, higher-temperature biochar demonstrated greater efficacy in decreasing pollutants in farmland drainage. Treatment with RB650 resulted in a reduction of the total nitrogen and total phosphorus output load by 29.31-30.67 % and 21.92-25.21 %, respectively, compared to RB350. Furthermore, biochar exhibited substantial enhancements in soil fertility. This was supported by heightened soil organic matter content, increased availability of nutrients, and a noteworthy (P < 0.05) upsurge in pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus content observed in the second year following the application of biochar. Biochar has the potential to enhance soil enzyme activity and affect microbial community composition, thereby facilitating nutrient cycling. The findings illustrated the regenerative and recyclable characteristics of biochar's adsorption activity throughout crop growth. This process enables sustained improvement in soil nutrient retention capacity and fertility. Thus, it emphasizes the potential of biochar as an in-situ model for nutrient retention and recycling, offering an effective approach to mitigate agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution and enhance soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yunpeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Haifeng Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Shengdao Shan
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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18
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Wang L, Chen D, Zhu L. Biochar carbon sequestration potential rectification in soils: Synthesis effects of biochar on soil CO 2, CH 4 and N 2O emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167047. [PMID: 37716679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochar production and its soil sequestration are promising ways to mitigate global warming. Effects of biochar on soil CO2, CH4 and N2O release have been studied extensively. In contrast, few studies have comprehensively quantified and synthesized the effect of biochar on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and coupled it to the calculation of carbon sequestration potential. This study obtained the influence coefficient of biochar on soil GHG release relative to biochar carbon storage potential in soils under different environmental conditions, by literature statistics and data transformations. Our results showed that the overall average effect of biochar on soil CO2, CH4, N2O and CO2e release observed in our databases would compensate the potential of biochar soil carbon storage by -2.1 ± 3.3 %, 13.1 ± 9.8 %, -1.6 ± 8.6 % and 5.3 ± 11.4 %, respectively. By combining biochar induced soil GHG emission reduction mechanism and results from our literature statistics, some specific application environmental scenarios (such as biochar with high pyrolysis temperature of 500-600 °C, application in flooded soils, application in straw-return scenarios, etc.) were recommended, which could increase the actual carbon sequestration potential of biochar by an average of about 43.3 ± 30.2 % relative the amount of carbon buried. Our findings provide a scientific basis for developing a precise application strategy towards large scale adoption of biochar as a soil amendment for climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Dingjiang Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China.
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19
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Plaza-Rojas CA, Amaya-Orozco NA, Rivera-Hoyos CM, Montaña-Lara JS, Páez-Morales A, Salcedo-Reyes JC, Castillo-Carvajal LC, Martínez-Urrútia W, Díaz-Ariza LA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM. Use of biochar and a post-coagulation effluent as an adsorbent of malachite green, beneficial bacteria carrier, and seedling substrate for plants belonging to the poaceae family. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:386. [PMID: 37928437 PMCID: PMC10624780 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants produce solid and semi-solid sludge, which treatment minimises secondary environmental pollution because of wastewater treatment and obtaining new bioproducts. For this reason, in this paper, the co-pyrolysis of biogenic biomasses recovered from a biological reactor with immobilised fungal and bacterial biomass and a tertiary reactor with Chlorella sp. used for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment was carried out. Biogenic biomasses mixed with pine bark allowed the production and characterisation of two types of biochar. The raw material and biochar were on the "in vitro" germination of Lolium sp. seeds, followed by adsorption studies for malachite green (MG) dye using the raw material and the biochar. Results showed that using 60 mg L-1 of a cationic coagulant at pH 6.5 allowed for the recovery of more than 90% of the microalgae after 50 min of processing. Two biochar resulted: BC300, at pH 5.08 ± 0.08 and BC500, at pH 6.78 ± 0.01. The raw material and both biochars were co-inoculated with growth-promoting bacteria; their viabilities ranged from 1.7 × 106 ± 1.0 × 101 to 7.5 × 108 ± 6.0 × 102 CFU g-1 for total heterotrophic, nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilising bacteria. Re-use tests on Lolium sp. seed germination showed that with the post-coagulation effluent, the germination was 100%, while with the biochar, with and without beneficial bacteria, the germination was 98 and 99%, respectively. Finally, BC500 adsorbed the highest percentage of malachite green at pH 4.0, obtaining qecal values of 0.5249 mg g-1 (R2: 0.9875) with the pseudo-second-order model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03766-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy A. Plaza-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y Suelos, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7ma No 43-82, Edifício 50 Lab. 106, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Nelson A. Amaya-Orozco
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y Suelos, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7ma No 43-82, Edifício 50 Lab. 106, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Claudia M. Rivera-Hoyos
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - José S. Montaña-Lara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y Suelos, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7ma No 43-82, Edifício 50 Lab. 106, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Adriana Páez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y Suelos, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7ma No 43-82, Edifício 50 Lab. 106, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Salcedo-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas y Nanofotónica, Grupo de Películas Delgadas y Nanofotónica, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | | | - Wilmar Martínez-Urrútia
- Grupo de Diseño Avanzado, Fundación Universidad de América, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Lucía Ana Díaz-Ariza
- Laboratorio Asociaciones Suelo-Panta-Microorganismo, Grupo de Investigación en Agricultura Biológica, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Aura M. Pedroza-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y Suelos, Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7ma No 43-82, Edifício 50 Lab. 106, P.O. Box 110-23, Bogotá, DC Colombia
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Atinafu DG, Kim YU, Kim S, Kang Y, Kim S. Advances in Biocarbon and Soft Material Assembly for Enthalpy Storage: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, and Multimodal Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2305418. [PMID: 37967349 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
High-value-added biomass materials like biocarbon are being actively pursued integrating them with soft materials in a broad range of advanced renewable energy technologies owing to their advantages, such as lightweight, relatively low-cost, diverse structural engineering applications, and high energy storage potential. Consequently, the hybrid integration of soft and biomass-derived materials shall store energy to mitigate intermittency issues, primarily through enthalpy storage during phase change. This paper introduces the recent advances in the development of natural biomaterial-derived carbon materials in soft material assembly and its applications in multidirectional renewable energy storage. Various emerging biocarbon materials (biochar, carbon fiber, graphene, nanoporous carbon nanosheets (2D), and carbon aerogel) with intrinsic structures and engineered designs for enhanced enthalpy storage and multimodal applications are discussed. The fundamental design approaches, working mechanisms, and feature applications, such as including thermal management and electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, flexible electronics and transparent nanopaper, and environmental applications of biocarbon-based soft material composites are highlighted. Furthermore, the challenges and potential opportunities of biocarbon-based composites are identified, and prospects in biomaterial-based soft materials composites are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimberu G Atinafu
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Uk Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kang
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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21
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Ndoung OCN, Souza LRD, Fachini J, Leão TP, Sandri D, Figueiredo CCD. Dynamics of potassium released from sewage sludge biochar fertilizers in soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 346:119057. [PMID: 37742559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The solid product of sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis, called SS biochar (SSB), is rich in carbon and nutrients, such as phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), and zinc (Zn). However, SSB has a low potassium (K) concentration because it is released with water during the final stage of sewage treatment. The enrichment of SSB with mineral sources of K can solve the low supply of K in SSB and produce an organomineral fertilizer with a slow release of K. However, the dynamics of K release from these enriched fertilizers in different soil types remain unclear. This study investigated the dynamics of K release from biochar-based fertilizer (BBF) in the form of pellets and granules in two soil types (clayey and sandy) and natural silica. An incubation experiment was conducted for 60 days, and replicates were evaluated at prescribed time intervals. After the incubation period, the levels of K available in the solid fraction were determined, and the dynamics of K release were evaluated using four nonlinear regression models. BBFs achieved a slower release of K than the mineral KCl. The dynamics of K release were affected by the physical form of BBF, such that the pelleted BBF exhibited the slowest K release. Furthermore, regarding the concentration detected in the solid phase, the total released was highest in clayey soil, followed by sandy soil and natural silica. The enriched BBFs reduced K release throughout the experimental period, behaving as slow-release fertilizers with the potential to optimize K uptake by plants throughout the growth cycle. Further studies are required to evaluate K leaching and retention in the soil profile when biochar-based fertilizers are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ludmila Raulino de Souza
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-970, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Joisman Fachini
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-970, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Tairone Paiva Leão
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-970, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Delvio Sandri
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-970, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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Kuronuma T, Masuda S, Mito T, Watanabe H. Inclusive greenhouse gas budget assessment in turfs: From turf production to disposal of grass clippings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 346:118919. [PMID: 37729836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Globally, greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction is a serious concern. To evaluate whether turfs serve as a GHG sink or source, GHG budget assessments for life cycle are required. However, previous studies have only focused on the use of turfs. To bridge these gaps in literature, this study investigated GHG (CO2, N2O, and CH4) emissions from the disposal of grass clippings and soil GHG fluxes in turfs. Additionally, GHG budgets in the turf production phase were assessed. Finally, inclusive GHG budgets from turf production to disposal of grass clippings for four turf uses (soccer stadium, golf course, office, and urban park) were assessed. Grass clippings were disposed in three forms (incineration, leaving as-is, and biochar). We found that GHG emissions from incineration and leaving 1 t-fresh weight (FW) of grass clippings were 0.711 and 0.207 t-CO2e, respectively. Contrastingly, the GHG emissions from the biochar yield from 1 t-FW of grass clippings were -0.200 t-CO2e. Further, annual soil GHG fluxes in newly established Zoysia and Kentucky bluegrass turfs were calculated at 0.067 and 0.040 tCO2e・ha-1・yr-1, respectively. As the turf grass in production fields sequester large amounts of CO2, GHG budgets in turf production phase were estimated at approximately -20 t-CO2e・ha-1・yr-1. Inclusive GHG budget assessment from turf production to disposal of grass clippings showed that turfs only in the urban parks served as a GHG sink and this ability was comparable to CO2 sequestration in forests. To enhance the ability of GHG sinks and to promote changes from a GHG source to GHG sink, our study revealed the importance of reduction of GHG emissions from energy and resource uses (especially fertilizers and gasoline) for turf management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kuronuma
- Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa-city, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan.
| | - Shohei Masuda
- Advanced Energy Research & Development Division, Innovative Research Excellence, Power Unit & Energy, Honda R&D Co., Ltd., 4630 Shimotakanezawa, Haga-machi, Hagagun, Tochigi, 321-3393, Japan
| | - Takuya Mito
- Advanced Energy Research & Development Division, Innovative Research Excellence, Power Unit & Energy, Honda R&D Co., Ltd., 4630 Shimotakanezawa, Haga-machi, Hagagun, Tochigi, 321-3393, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Watanabe
- Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa-city, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
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23
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Zhang S, Yao Y, Li J, Wang L, Wang X, Tian S. Multi-factorial investigation of the effect of biochar of the secondary medicinal residue of snow lotus on the adsorption of two azo dyes, methyl red and methyl orange. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1416-1442. [PMID: 37177906 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Azo dye residues pollute water, which are difficult to decompose, and posing a major threat to the ecological environment. The residues of Chinese medicine still have many possibilities for use after its medicinal value has been brought into play. In this study, secondary residue biochar activation (Na2 CO3 -modified, SBA) and secondary residue biochar (unmodified, SBC) were prepared from the secondary residue of snow lotus at 200-600°C. Surface features were obtained by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller N2 method and combined with scanning electron microscopy, and their structures were analyzed by x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier infrared and near-infrared spectroscopy. The effects of five factors, including initial concentration, contact time and adsorption temperature and so forth, on the adsorption of methyl red (MR) and methyl orange (MO) solutions were investigated. Results showed that the biochar yield, specific surface area, and pore size increased after modification. modification promoted the formation of the internal structure aromatization and oxygen-containing functional groups. Adsorption experiments showed that the surroundings pH = 8, the dyes adsorption concentration of 8 mg/L, adsorption temperature of 20-40°C and time of about 1 h were more stable. Under the condition, the removal of MO by SBA could reach approximately 60%-80% (480-640 mg/g), while the removal of MR could reach more than 90% (>720 mg/g).The charcoal prepared and modified under high temperature conditions was more effective for MO adsorption, while MR relied on low temperature effectively. This study provides a new choice of adsorbent for MR and MO and finds a new direction for the utilization of snow lotus residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanna Yao
- R&D department, Xinjiang Tianshan Lian Pharmaceutical (Co., Ltd.), Changji, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junlong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Linyang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- R&D department, Xinjiang Tianshan Lian Pharmaceutical (Co., Ltd.), Changji, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuge Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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24
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Feng Q, Shu J, Jiang Z, Gamal El-Din M, Hao Y, Tan W, Liu C, Xu L. A novel biochar composite derived from oil-based drill sludge and cuttings: Structural characterization and electrochemical properties. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116757. [PMID: 37517484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
How to dispose of large quantities of hazardous shale gas drilling waste is an important worldwide problem facing the oil and gas industry. In this study, we report an environmentally friendly and low energy consumption approach (carbonization followed by activation) to convert oil-based drill sludge (OBDS) and oil-based drill cuttings (OBDCs) into biochar composites and investigate the effect of hydrofluoric acid (HF) acidification on them. The biochar composites were prepared using the OBDS, OBDCs, the mixtures of OBDS and OBDCs, and HF treatment the mixtures were named OS, OC, OSC, and OSC-HF, respectively. The characterization result of synthesized biochar composites indicated that the OSC had a larger specific surface area and a higher degree of graphitization. The composites mainly consisted of SiO2 and BaSO4, except for biochar. The OSC electrode exhibited the highest oxygen evolution potential (1.72 V vs Ag/AgCl) and the lowest charge transfer resistance compared with OS, OC, and OSC-HF electrodes, implying that SiO2 plays an important role in electrochemical performance. Using the OSC electrode as an anode, the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the OBDS supernatant was 79.4 ± 0.95%. Further, the OSC electrode could maintain higher degradation efficiency and stability after the fifth reuse. The study provides a promising route for the proper disposal and resource utilization of OBDS and OBDCs and proposes a novel biochar compound as an electrode for the efficient treatment of wastewater. Moreover, this work highlights the important significance of the simultaneous resource utilization of waste and the treatment of wastewater using waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Jianhua Shu
- Army Logistical University of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Zao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Yu Hao
- School of Resources and Security, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, 402260, China.
| | - Wenwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Chenglun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Longjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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25
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Stefanelli E, Vitolo S, Di Fidio N, Puccini M. Tailoring the porosity of chemically activated carbons derived from the HTC treatment of sewage sludge for the removal of pollutants from gaseous and aqueous phases. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118887. [PMID: 37678019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The management of sewage sludge is currently an open issue due to the large volume of waste to be treated and the necessity to avoid incineration or landfill disposal. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been recognized as a promising thermochemical technique to convert sewage sludge into value-added products. The hydrochar (HC) obtained can be suitable for environmental application as fuel, fertilizer, and sorbent. In this study, activated hydrochars (AHs) were prepared from sewage sludge through HTC followed by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and tested for the removal of pollutants in gaseous and aqueous environments, investigating carbon dioxide (CO2) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption capacity. The effects of activation temperature (550-750 °C) and KOH/HC impregnation ratio (1-3) on the produced AHs morphology and adsorption capacity were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results of RSM analysis evidenced a maximum CO2 uptake of 71.47 mg/g for mild activation conditions (600-650 °C and KOH/HC = 1 ÷ 2), whereas the best CIP uptake of 628.61 mg/g was reached for the most severe conditions (750 °C, KOH/HC = 3). The prepared AHs were also applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions, and the MB uptake results were used for estimating the specific surface area of AHs. High surface areas up to 1902.49 m2/g were obtained for the highest activation temperature and impregnation ratio investigated. Predictive models of CO2 and CIP uptake were developed by RSM analysis, and the optimum activation conditions for maximizing the adsorption performance together with high AH yield were identified: 586 °C and KOH/HC ratio = 1.34 for maximum yield (26.33 %) and CO2 uptake (67.31 mg/g); 715 °C and KOH/HC ratio = 1.78 for maximum yield (18.75 %) and CIP uptake (370.77 mg/g). The obtained results evidenced that chemical activation of previously HTC-treated sewage sludge is a promising way to convert waste into valuable low-cost adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Stefanelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Vitolo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Fidio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Puccini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy.
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26
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Wu S, Wang Q, Fang M, Wu D, Cui D, Pan S, Bai J, Xu F, Wang Z. Hydrothermal carbonization of food waste for sustainable biofuel production: Advancements, challenges, and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165327. [PMID: 37419347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
With the improvement of living standards, food waste (FW) has become one of the most important organic solid wastes worldwide. Owing to the high moisture content of FW, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology that can directly utilize the moisture in FW as the reaction medium, is widely used. Under mild reaction conditions and short treatment cycle, this technology can effectively and stably convert high-moisture FW into environmentally friendly hydrochar fuel. In view of the importance of this topic, this study comprehensively reviews the research progress of HTC of FW for biofuel synthesis, and critically summarizes the process parameters, carbonization mechanism, and clean applications. Physicochemical properties and micromorphological evolution of hydrochar, hydrothermal chemical reactions of each model component, and potential risks of hydrochar as a fuel are highlighted. Furthermore, carbonization mechanism of the HTC treatment process of FW and the granulation mechanism of hydrochar are systematically reviewed. Finally, potential risks and knowledge gaps in the synthesis of hydrochar from FW are presented and new coupling technologies are pointed out, highlighting the challenges and prospects of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Minghui Fang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Dongyang Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Da Cui
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Shuo Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jingru Bai
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Faxing Xu
- Jilin Dongfei Solid Waste Research Institute, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China; Jilin Feite Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhenye Wang
- Jilin Dongfei Solid Waste Research Institute, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China; Jilin Feite Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China
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27
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Godvin Sharmila V, Kumar Tyagi V, Varjani S, Rajesh Banu J. A review on the lignocellulosic derived biochar-based catalyst in wastewater remediation: Advanced treatment technologies and machine learning tools. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129587. [PMID: 37549718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater disposal in the ecosystem affects aquatic and human life, which necessitates the removal of the contaminants. Eliminating wastewater contaminants using biochar produced through the thermal decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is sustainable. Due to its high specific surface area, porous structure, oxygen functional groups, and low cost, biochar has emerged as an alternate contender in catalysis. Various innovative advanced technologies were combined with biochar for effective wastewater treatment. This review examines the use of LCB for the synthesis of biochar along with its activation methods. It also elaborates on using advanced biochar-based technologies in wastewater treatment and the mechanism for forming oxidizing species. The research also highlights the use of machine learning in pollutant removal and identifies the obstacles of biochar-based catalysts in both real-time and cutting-edge technologies. Probable and restrictions for further exploration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Godvin Sharmila
- Department of Civil Engineering, Mar Ephraem College of Engineering and Technology, Marthandam 629171, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India.
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28
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Zhu X, Luo Z, Zhang Q, He M, Tsang DCW. Valorization of slow pyrolysis vapor from biomass waste: Comparative study on pyrolysis characteristics, evolved gas evaluation, and adsorption effects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129543. [PMID: 37482202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis vapor is an important byproduct in the production of biochar from biomass waste, and its emission may pose potential environmental risks. To achieve green production of biochar and efficient utilization of pyrolysis vapors, a novel strategy is proposed in this study to use pristine biochar as an adsorbent to adsorb the pyrolysis vapors. According to thermogravimetry-Fourier infrared spectroscopy-mass spectrometry evaluation, the evolved vapors mainly consisted of oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, CO2, CO, and H2O. With pyrolysis temperature increasing, ethers, phenols, hydrocarbons, acids/ketones, and CO2 were changed in the same direction based on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis. Moreover, butene, propargyl alcohol, and butane were the most abundant ionic fragments. After adsorbing pyrolysis vapors, the heating value of the biochar increased by a maximum of 3.2 MJ kg-1 with changes of physicochemical properties. This strategy provides a theoretical basis for green preparation of biochar while recovering energy from pyrolysis vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Zhu
- School of Advanced Energy, Sun Yat-sen University, 66 Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zejun Luo
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Xu Z, Sun M, Xu X, Cao X, Ippolito JA, Mohanty SK, Ni BJ, Xu S, Tsang DCW. Electron donation of Fe-Mn biochar for chromium(VI) immobilization: Key roles of embedded zero-valent iron clusters within iron-manganese oxide. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 456:131632. [PMID: 37210785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The dense surface passivation layer on zero-valent iron (ZVI) restricts its efficiency for water decontamination, causing a poor economy and waste of resources. Herein, we found that the ZVI on Fe-Mn biochar could afford a high electron-donating efficiency for the Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. Over 78.0% of Fe in the Fe-Mn biochar was used for the Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization, i.e., 56.2 - 161.7 times higher than the commercial ZVI (0.5%) and modified ZVI (0.9 -1.3%), indicating that the unique ZVI species in Fe-Mn biochar offered an outstanding Fe utilization efficiency. We proposed that oxygen atoms in the FeO in the FeMnO2 precursor were removed during pyrolysis with biochar while the MnO skeleton was preserved, forming the embedded ZVI clusters within Fe-Mn oxide. The unique structure inhibited the formation of the Fe-Cr complex on Fe(0), which would facilitate the electron transfer between core Fe(0) and Cr(VI). Moreover, the surface FeMnO2 inhibited the diffusion of Fe and facilitated its affinity with pollutants, thus supporting higher efficiency for pollutant immobilization. The preserved performance of Fe-Mn biochar was proved in industrial wastewater and after long-term oxidation process, and the economic benefit was evaluated. This work provides a new approach for developing active ZVI-based materials with high Fe utilization efficiency and economics for water pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - James A Ippolito
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Sanjay K Mohanty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, United States
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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30
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Dey S, Purakayastha TJ, Sarkar B, Rinklebe J, Kumar S, Chakraborty R, Datta A, Lal K, Shivay YS. Enhancing cation and anion exchange capacity of rice straw biochar by chemical modification for increased plant nutrient retention. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163681. [PMID: 37100159 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a potential alternative of infield crop residue burning, can prevent nutrient leaching from soil and augment soil fertility. However, pristine biochar contains low cation (CEC) and anion (AEC) exchange capacity. This study developed fourteen engineered biochar by treating a rice straw biochar (RBC-W) first separately with different CEC and AEC enhancing chemicals, and then with their combined treatments to increase CEC and AEC in the novel biochar composites. Following a screening experiment, promising engineered biochar, namely RBC-W treated with O3-HCl-FeCl3 (RBC-O-Cl), H2SO4-HNO3-HCl-FeCl3 (RBC-A-Cl), and NaOH-Fe(NO3)3(RBC-OH-Fe), underwent physicochemical characterization and soil leaching-cum nutrient retention studies. RBC-O-Cl, RBC-A-Cl, and RBC-OH-Fe recorded a spectacular rise in CEC and AEC over RBC-W. All the engineered biochar remarkably reduced the leaching of NH4+-N, NO3- -N, PO43--P and K+ from a sandy loam soil and increased retention of these nutrients. RBC-O-Cl at 4.46 g kg-1 dosage emerged as the most effective soil amendment increasing the retention of above ions by 33.7, 27.8, 15.0, and 5.74 % over a comparable dose of RBC-W. The engineered biochar could thus enhance plants' nutrient use efficiency and reduce the use of costly chemical fertilizers that are harmful to environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptaparnee Dey
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Tapan Jyoti Purakayastha
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sarvendra Kumar
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ranabir Chakraborty
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anindita Datta
- Division of Design of Experiments, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Khajanchi Lal
- Division of Water Technology Center, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yashbir Singh Shivay
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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Schommer VA, Vanin AP, Nazari MT, Ferrari V, Dettmer A, Colla LM, Piccin JS. Biochar-immobilized Bacillus spp. for heavy metals bioremediation: A review on immobilization techniques, bioremediation mechanisms and effects on soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163385. [PMID: 37054796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination present risks to ecosystems and human health. Bioremediation is a technology that has been applied to minimize the levels of heavy metals contamination. However, the efficiency of this process varies according to several biotic and abiotic aspects, especially in environments with high concentrations of heavy metals. Therefore, microorganisms immobilization in different materials, such as biochar, emerges as an alternative to alleviate the stress that heavy metals have on microorganisms and thus improve the bioremediation efficiency. In this context, this review aimed to compile recent advances in the use of biochar as a carrier of bacteria, specifically Bacillus spp., with subsequent application for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals. We present three different techniques to immobilize Bacillus spp. on biochar. Bacillus strains are capable of reducing the toxicity and bioavailability of metals, while biochar is a material that serves as a shelter for microorganisms and also contributes to bioremediation through the adsorption of contaminants. Thus, there is a synergistic effect between Bacillus spp. and biochar for the heavy metals bioremediation. Biomineralization, biosorption, bioreduction, bioaccumulation and adsorption are the mechanisms involved in this process. The application of biochar-immobilized Bacillus strains results in beneficial effects on the contaminated soil, such as the reduction of toxicity and accumulation of metals in plants, favoring their growth, in addition to increasing microbial and enzymatic activity in soil. However, competition and reduction of microbial diversity and the toxic characteristics of biochar are reported as negative impacts of this strategy. More studies using this emerging technology are essential to improve its efficiency, to elucidate the mechanisms and to balance positive and negative impacts, especially at the field scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Analise Schommer
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vanin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Torres Nazari
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Valdecir Ferrari
- Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Dettmer
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Colla
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Steffanello Piccin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Zhang H, Ni J, Qian W, Yu S, Xiang Y, Yang L, Chen W. Pyrolysis Atmospheres and Temperatures Co-Mediated Spectral Variations of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Organic Carbon: Quantitative Prediction and Self-Organizing Maps Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052247. [PMID: 36903493 PMCID: PMC10005102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar-derived dissolved organic carbon (BDOC), as a highly activated carbonaceous fraction of biochar, significantly affects the environmental effect of biochar. This study systematically investigated the differences in the properties of BDOC produced at 300-750 °C in three atmosphere types (including N2 and CO2 flows and air limitation) as well as their quantitative relationship with biochar properties. The results showed that BDOC in biochar pyrolyzed in air limitation (0.19-2.88 mg/g) was more than that pyrolyzed in N2 (0.06-1.63 mg/g) and CO2 flows (0.07-1.74 mg/g) at 450-750 °C. The aliphaticity, humification, molecular weight, and polarity of BDOC strongly depended on the atmosphere types as well as the pyrolysis temperatures. BDOC produced in air limitation contained more humic-like substances (0.65-0.89) and less fulvic-like substances (0.11-0.35) than that produced in N2 and CO2 flows. The multiple linear regression of the exponential form of biochar properties (H and O contents, H/C and (O+N)/C) could be used to quantitatively predict the bulk content and organic component contents of BDOC. Additionally, self-organizing maps could effectively visualize the categories of fluorescence intensity and components of BDOC from different pyrolysis atmospheres and temperatures. This study highlights that pyrolysis atmosphere types are a crucial factor controlling the BDOC properties, and some characteristics of BDOC can be quantitatively evaluated based on the properties of biochar.
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Zhang R, Gao H, Wang Y, He B, Lu J, Zhu W, Peng L, Wang Y. Challenges and perspectives of green-like lignocellulose pretreatments selectable for low-cost biofuels and high-value bioproduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128315. [PMID: 36414143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose represents the most abundant carbon-capturing substance that is convertible for biofuels and bioproduction. Although biomass pretreatments have been broadly applied to reduce lignocellulose recalcitrance for enhanced enzymatic saccharification, they mostly require strong conditions with potential secondary waste release. By classifying all major types of pretreatments that have been recently conducted with different sources of lignocellulose substrates, this study sorted out their distinct roles for wall polymer extraction and destruction, leading to the optimal pretreatments evaluated for cost-effective biomass enzymatic saccharification to maximize biofuel production. Notably, all undigestible lignocellulose residues are also aimed for effective conversion into value-added bioproduction. Meanwhile, desired pretreatments were proposed for the generation of highly-valuable nanomaterials such as cellulose nanocrystals, lignin nanoparticles, functional wood, carbon dots, porous and graphitic nanocarbons. Therefore, this article has proposed a novel strategy that integrates cost-effective and green-like pretreatments with desirable lignocellulose substrates for a full lignocellulose utilization with zero-biomass-waste liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Hairong Gao
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China
| | - Yongtai Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China
| | - Boyang He
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China
| | - Wanbin Zhu
- Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang 441003, China.
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34
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Tang H, Chen M, Wu P, Faheem M, Feng Q, Lee X, Wang S, Wang B. Engineered biochar effects on soil physicochemical properties and biota communities: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137025. [PMID: 36374784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can be effectively used in soil amendment, environmental remediation as well as carbon sequestration. However, some inherent characteristics of pristine biochars (PBCs) may limit their environmental applications. To improve the physicochemical properties of PBCs and their effects on soil amendment and pollution remediation, appropriate modification methods are needed. Engineered biochars (EBCs) inevitably have a series of effects on soil physicochemical properties and soil biota after being applied to the soil. Currently, most studies focus on the effects of PBCs on soil physicochemical properties and their amendment and remediation effects, while relatively limited studies are available on the impacts of EBCs on soil properties and biota communities. Due to the differences of biochars modified by various methods on soil physicochemical properties and biota communities, the impact mechanisms are different. For a better understanding of the recent advances in the effects of EBCs on soil physicochemical properties and biota communities, a systematic review is highly needed. In this review, the development of EBCs is firstly introduced, and the effects of EBCs on soil physicochemical properties and biota communities are then systematically explored. Finally, the suggestions and perspectives for future research on EBCs are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Miao Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environment Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qianwei Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Xinqing Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550081, China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
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35
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Chauhan S, Shafi T, Dubey BK, Chowdhury S. Biochar-mediated removal of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous matrices via adsorption. WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2022; 5:37-62. [PMID: 36568572 PMCID: PMC9757639 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-022-00118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical is one of the noteworthy classes of emerging contaminants. These biologically active compounds pose a range of deleterious impacts on human health and the environment. This is attributed to their refractory behavior, poor biodegradability, and pseudopersistent nature. Their large-scale production by pharmaceutical industries and subsequent widespread utilization in hospitals, community health centers, and veterinary facilities, among others, have significantly increased the occurrence of pharmaceutical residues in various environmental compartments. Several technologies are currently being evaluated to eliminate pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) from aqueous environments. Among them, adsorption appears as the most viable treatment option because of its operational simplicity and low cost. Intensive research and development efforts are, therefore, currently underway to develop inexpensive adsorbents for the effective abatement of PCs. Although numerous adsorbents have been investigated for the removal of PCs in recent years, biochar-based adsorbents have garnered tremendous scientific attention to eliminate PCs from aqueous matrices because of their decent specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry, scalable production, and environmentally benign nature. This review, therefore, attempts to provide an overview of the latest progress in the application of biochar for the removal of PCs from wastewater. Additionally, the fundamental knowledge gaps in the domain knowledge are identified and novel strategic research guidelines are laid out to make further advances in this promising approach towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Chauhan
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Tajamul Shafi
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Brajesh Kumar Dubey
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Shamik Chowdhury
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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36
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Wang X, Liu X, Wang Z, Sun G, Li J. Greenhouse gas reduction and nitrogen conservation during manure composting by combining biochar with wood vinegar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116349. [PMID: 36179479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The constant greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ammonia emissions during pig manure (PM) composting have made large contributions to air pollution and global temperature rise. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of biochar (B) and wood vinegar (WV) to reduce GHGs emissions and improve nitrogen retention and microbial activities during PM composting. Different treatments, carried out under a 1:2 ratio (dry weight) of PM and sawdust mixture with the addition of B (5%) and various proportions of WV, include a control treatment (CT) without the addition of B and WV and, B, B+0.5%WV, B+1.0%WV, B+1.5%WV, and B+2.0%WV treatments. The results indicated that the addition of B could accelerate the composting process in contrast to CT. In addition, various amounts of WV with B decreased NH3, CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions by 18.82-35.88%, 1.38-15.39%, 16.98-62.73%, and 4.47-19.91%, respectively. Furthermore, in contrast to the B treatment, WV addition was more effective in decreasing GHGs and NH3 emissions, and the B+1.0% WV treatment displayed the lowest nitrogen loss (2.12%) and GHGs emissions (11.62 g/kg). The bacterial community analysis demonstrated that synergistic application of WV and B can increase the relative abundance of Proteobacteria which can contribute to nitrogen fixation and reduction of nitrogen loss. The results proved that combining B with WV can be a feasible strategy to effectively reduce GHGs emissions and improve nitrogen conservation in the composting industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhang Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Western Scientific Observing and Research Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Western Scientific Observing and Research Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guotao Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Western Scientific Observing and Research Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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37
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Liao S, Tian Q, Xiao Y, Qin D, Li J, Hu C. Glycerol Valorization Towards Glycolic Acid Production Over Cu-Based Biochar Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201537. [PMID: 36161773 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol valorization towards high-value chemicals is of particular importance to increase the value chain of biodiesel production. In this study, the catalytic activity of a series of cheap Cu-based catalysts for glycerol conversion is investigated. Cu supported on activated carbon (AC, obtained through carbonization of coconut shell) exhibits outstanding catalytic activity for the selective conversion of glycerol into glycolic acid (GcA) in O2 atmosphere, affording up to 68.3 % GcA yield. The combination of experimental results with theoretical calculations reveals that glyceraldehyde is the key reaction intermediate. The high specific surface area and surface oxygenated groups of AC enable the formation of CuO nanoparticles with small size and uniform dispersion. In addition, the surface oxygen vacancy on Cu/AC might help to activate reaction intermediates, and the electron transfer from Cu to AC facilitates the oxidation of glycerol to GcA. Cu loaded onto AC also significantly inhibits C-C breakage to generate formic acid as a byproduct. This work might aid the development of approaches for glycerol application and afford profitable possibilities for sustainable biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqi Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Diyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
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38
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Putranto A, Ng ZW, Hadibarata T, Aziz M, Yeo JYJ, Ismadji S, Sunarso J. Effects of pyrolysis temperature and impregnation ratio on adsorption kinetics and isotherm of methylene blue on corn cobs activated carbons. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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39
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He M, Cao Y, Xu Z, You S, Ruan R, Gao B, Wong KH, Tsang DCW. Process water recirculation for catalytic hydrothermal carbonization of anaerobic digestate: Water-Energy-Nutrient Nexus. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127694. [PMID: 35905882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The process water (PW) from acid-catalyzed hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is still an environmental burden due to the enriched organics, nutrients, and salts. This study proposed a novel strategy to valorize food waste digestate into multifunctional hydrochar by recirculating the PW in the HCl-catalyzed HTC process. The produced multifunctional hydrochar could be utilized as a high-quality solid fuel with HHV of 27.9 MJ kg-1 (hydrochar without PW recirculation) and a slow-release fertilizer by converting the complex Ca and P compounds from the food waste digestate into a Ca-P deposit (hydroxyapatite) with more than a 93 % P recovery rate (hydrochar with PW recirculation). Adding fresh HCl in the HTC PW recirculation system only displayed a marginal catalytic impact on the hydrochar properties after two cycles of recirculation. This study demonstrated the importance of inherent Ca in the feedstocks and the dual role of HCl in the HTC with PW recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Roger Ruan
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611, USA
| | - Ka-Hing Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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40
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Sun Y, Zhang Q, Clark JH, Graham NJD, Hou D, Ok YS, Tsang DCW. Tailoring wood waste biochar as a reusable microwave absorbent for pollutant removal: Structure-property-performance relationship and iron-carbon interaction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127838. [PMID: 36031124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study innovated the concept in designing an efficient and reusable microwave (MW) absorbent through concurrent exploitation of carbon graphitization, oxygen functionalization, and carbothermal iron reduction underpinned by an endothermic co-pyrolysis of wood waste and low-dosage iron. A powerful MW assimilation was accomplished from nanoscale amorphous magnetic particles as well as graphitized microporous carbon-iron skeleton in the biochar composites. Relative to a weak magnetic loss derived from the iron phase, the graphitic carbon architecture with abundant surface functionalities (i.e., CO and CO) exhibited a strong dielectric loss, which was thus prioritized as major active sites during MW reuse. The MW-absorbing biochar demonstrated a fast, robust, and durable removal of a refractory herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) under mild MW irradiation with zero chemical input, low electricity consumption, and negligible Fe dissolution. Overall, this study will foster carbon-neutral industrial wastewater treatment and wood waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - James H Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York YO105DD, UK; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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41
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Marmiroli M, Caldara M, Pantalone S, Malcevschi A, Maestri E, Keller AA, Marmiroli N. Building a risk matrix for the safety assessment of wood derived biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156265. [PMID: 35643132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is recognized as an efficient amendment and soil improver. However, environmental and quality assessments are needed to ensure the sustainability of its use in agriculture. This work considers the biochar's chemical-physical characterization and its potential phyto- and geno-toxicity, assessed with germination and Ames tests, obtaining valuable information for a safe field application. Three biochar types, obtained from gasification at different temperatures of green biomasses from the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines (in Italy), were compared through a broad chemical, physical and biological evaluation. The results obtained showed the relevance of temperature in determining the chemical and morphological properties of biochar, which was shown with several analytical techniques such as the elemental composition, water holding capacity, ash content, but also with FTIR and X-ray spectroscopies. These techniques showed the presence of different relevant surface aliphatic and aromatic groups. The procedures for evaluating the potential toxicity using seeds germination and Ames genotoxicity assay highlights that biochar does not cause detrimental effects when it enters in contact with soil, micro- and macro-organisms, and plants. The genotoxicity test provided a new highlight in evaluating biochar environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centers SITEIA.PARMA and CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marina Caldara
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centers SITEIA.PARMA and CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Pantalone
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessio Malcevschi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centers SITEIA.PARMA and CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Arturo A Keller
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131, USA
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centers SITEIA.PARMA and CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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42
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Cai W, Bordoloi S, Ng CWW, Sarmah AK. Influence of pore fluid salinity on shrinkage and water retention characteristics of biochar amended kaolin for landfill liner application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156493. [PMID: 35679946 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amended clay layer has emerged as a sustainable hydraulic barrier for hazardous municipal waste containment system. The effects of pore fluid salinity on soil shrinkage and water retention characteristics of biochar amended clay are unknown. This study aims to investigate the behavior of soil shrinkage and water retention of biochar amended kaolin under different pore fluid salinity. A series of volumetric shrinkage and water retention tests were conducted on biochar amended kaolin in sodium chloride solution at initial concentrations of 1 %, 5 %, and 10 %. Biochar addition increased the shrinkage limit and minimum void ratio of kaolin by up to 17 % and 11 %, respectively. Air entry value of kaolin increased by 6-88 times with an increase in pore fluid salinity, caused by interparticle aggregation. Micrographs showed that biochar intrapore was filled by kaolin particles, partially hindering the interparticle aggregation of clay in the salt solution. Biochar addition lowered zeta potential on the surface of kaolin particles by 50-75 %, indicating that the immobilisation of excess sodium ions was achieved by biochar. Correspondingly, osmotic suction of pore fluid decreased by 21-64 % due to biochar's ion absorption. The findings highlighted that biochar addition to kaolin specimens minimises NaCl-induced soil shrinkage and reduces the pore fluid salinity. This study indicates that biochar could be potentially helpful for desalinisation and mitigating volumetric change issues for geo-environmental infrastructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, China.
| | - S Bordoloi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; Illinois Sustainable Technology Centre, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, United States of America.
| | - C W W Ng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong.
| | - A K Sarmah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand.
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43
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Zhu X, Labianca C, He M, Luo Z, Wu C, You S, Tsang DCW. Life-cycle assessment of pyrolysis processes for sustainable production of biochar from agro-residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127601. [PMID: 35835419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Net carbon management of agro-residues has been an important pathway for reducing the environmental burdens of agricultural production. Converting agro-residues into biochar through pyrolysis is a prominent management strategy for achieving carbon neutrality in a circular economy, meeting both environmental and social concerns. Based on the latest studies, this study critically analyzes the life cycle assessment (LCA) of biochar production from different agro-residues and compares typical technologies for biochar production. Although a direct comparison of results is not always feasible due to different functional units and system boundaries, the net carbon sequestration potential of biochar technology is remarkably promising. By pyrolyzing agro-residues, biochar can be effectively produced and customized as: (i) alternative energy source, (ii) soil amendment, and (iii) activated carbon substitution. The combination of life cycle assessment and circular economy modelling is encouraged to achieve greener and sustainable biochar production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Zhu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Claudia Labianca
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zejun Luo
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chunfei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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44
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Mukherjee S, Sarkar B, Aralappanavar VK, Mukhopadhyay R, Basak BB, Srivastava P, Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Bhatnagar A, Semple KT, Bolan N. Biochar-microorganism interactions for organic pollutant remediation: Challenges and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119609. [PMID: 35700879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous harmful chemicals are introduced every year in the environment through anthropogenic and geological activities raising global concerns of their ecotoxicological effects and decontamination strategies. Biochar technology has been recognized as an important pillar for recycling of biomass, contributing to the carbon capture and bioenergy industries, and remediation of contaminated soil, sediments and water. This paper aims to critically review the application potential of biochar with a special focus on the synergistic and antagonistic effects on contaminant-degrading microorganisms in single and mixed-contaminated systems. Owing to the high specific surface area, porous structure, and compatible surface chemistry, biochar can support the proliferation and activity of contaminant-degrading microorganisms. A combination of biochar and microorganisms to remove a variety of contaminants has gained popularity in recent years alongside traditional chemical and physical remediation technologies. The microbial compatibility of biochar can be improved by optimizing the surface parameters so that toxic pollutant release is minimized, biofilm formation is encouraged, and microbial populations are enhanced. Biocompatible biochar thus shows potential in the bioremediation of organic contaminants by harboring microbial populations, releasing contaminant-degrading enzymes, and protecting beneficial microorganisms from immediate toxicity of surrounding contaminants. This review recommends that biochar-microorganism co-deployment holds a great potential for the removal of contaminants thereby reducing the risk of organic contaminants to human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - B B Basak
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand 387310, India
| | | | - Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Ul. Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Łódź, Poland
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli, FI-50130, Finland
| | - Kirk T Semple
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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45
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Liu Z, Zhen F, Zhang Q, Qian X, Li W, Sun Y, Zhang L, Qu B. Nanoporous biochar with high specific surface area based on rice straw digestion residue for efficient adsorption of mercury ion from water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127471. [PMID: 35710052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unreasonable disposal of residue after anaerobic digestion seriously affects the stability of the ecosystem, and the preparation of adsorbent is an effective way to value-added utilization of the residue. In this study, a high adsorption capacity (209.65 mg/g) biochar-based adsorbent was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization and alkali modification using rice straw biogas residue. The lignocellulosic structure was destroyed after anaerobic digestion, forming porous biochar with larger specific surface area (2372.51 m2/g) and richer pore structure. Besides, the mercury ion complexed on the adsorbent surface in monovalent and divalent forms and possessed favorable selectivity in the presence of other examples of interference. The adsorption process is consistent with pseudo second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a predominance of chemisorption. This study provides a methodology for use of rice straw biogas residue and treatment of mercury containing wastewater, which offers a fresh direction for resource utilization of biogas residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Feng Zhen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Quanguo Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou 450006, China; Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy, MOA of China, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xin Qian
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bin Qu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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46
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Kang MW, Yibeltal M, Kim YH, Oh SJ, Lee JC, Kwon EE, Lee SS. Enhancement of soil physical properties and soil water retention with biochar-based soil amendments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155746. [PMID: 35525368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The soil physical properties are deteriorating due to changing rainfall patterns and intensities, as well as climate change-induced temperature fluctuations. Pot experiments were carried out to examine the impacts of synthesized soil amendments on soil water retention and plant growth. Soil amendments (biochar, polyacrylamide (PAM), and moringa) were used at different rates (0 (control), 2.1, 4.2, and 8.3 g kg-1) to improve the physical properties of the soil. As a result of soil amendment application, it was found that the mean weight diameter of soil aggregate increased by 188% during the 8.3 g kg-1 treatment, forming stable soil particles. Soil water retention improved by up to 128.9% during the 8.3 g kg-1 treatment, and it was analyzed that it was due to the high surface area of biochar, porosity, and high molecular weight of PAM. Pellet treatment increased all plant growth parameters (height, stem diameter, leaf number, and fresh and dry weight) for both beans and maize. The dry weight of beans (C3 plant) and maize (C4 plant) increased by 92.9 and 146.4%, respectively in an 8.3 g kg-1 pot. The soil physical condition was stabilized by the high carbon content of biochar and the improvement of soil coagulation between PAM and moringa. This had a positive effect on the C4 plant. The findings of this study indicate that if the soil amendments are properly mixed and applied based, they will improve soil stability and plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Woo Kang
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Mesenbet Yibeltal
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Civil and Water Resource Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Yu D, Niu J, Zhong L, Chen K, Wang G, Yan M, Li D, Yao Z. Biochar raw material selection and application in the food chain: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155571. [PMID: 35490824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of the largest carbon emitters, China promises to achieve carbon emissions neutrality by 2060. Various industries are developing businesses to reduce carbon emissions. As an important greenhouse gas emissions scenario, the reduction of carbon emissions in the food chain can be achieved by preparing the wastes into biochar. The food chain, as one of the sources of biochar, consists of production, processing and consumption, in which many wastes can be transferred into biochar. However, few studies use the food chain as the system to sort out the raw materials of biochar. A systematic review of the food chain application in serving as raw materials for biochar is helpful for further application of such technique, providing supportive information for the development of biochar preparation and wastes treating. In addition, there are many pollution sources in the food production process, such as agricultural contaminated soil and wastewater from livestock and aquatic, that can be treated on-site to achieve the goal of treating wastes with wastes within the food chain. This study focuses on waste resource utilization and pollution remediation in the food chain, summarizing the sources of biochar in the food chain and analyzing the feasibility of using waste in food chain to treat contaminated sites in the food chain and discussing the impacts of the greenhouse gas emissions. This review provides a reference for the resource utilization of waste and pollution reduction in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayang Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jinjia Niu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Longchun Zhong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Kaiyu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Guanyi Wang
- State Grid UHV Engineering Construction Company, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dandan Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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48
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Qi X, Xiao S, Chen X, Ali I, Gou J, Wang D, Zhu B, Zhu W, Shang R, Han M. Biochar-based microbial agent reduces U and Cd accumulation in vegetables and improves rhizosphere microecology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129147. [PMID: 35643000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial remediation of heavy metals in soil has been widely studied. However, bioremediation efficiency is limited in practical applications because of nutritional deficiency, low efficiency, and competition with indigenous microorganisms. Herein, we prepared a biochar-based microbial agent (BMA) by immobilizing the microbial agent (MA, containing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Citrobacter sp.) on biochar for the remediation of U and Cd in soil. The results showed that BMA increased soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis activity and dehydrogenase activity by 58.7%, 38.2%, 42.9%, and 51.1%. The availability of U and Cd were significantly decreased by 67.4% and 54.2% in BMA amended soil, thereby reducing their accumulation in vegetables. BMA greatly promoted vegetable growth. Additionally, BMA significantly altered the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial communities. Coincidently, more abundant ecologically beneficial bacteria like Nitrospira, Nitrosomonas, Lysobacter, and Bacillus were observed, whereas plant pathogenic fungi like Fusarium and Alternaria reduced in BMA amended soil. The network analysis revealed that BMA amendment increased the tightness and complexity of microbial communities. Importantly, the compatibility of niches and microbial species within co-occurrence network was enhanced after BMA addition. These findings provide a promising strategy for suppressing heavy metal accumulation in vegetables and promoting their growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shiqi Xiao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; Analytical Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; State Defense Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environment, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Imran Ali
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; State Defense Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environment, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Jialei Gou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; State Defense Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environment, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Wenkun Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Ran Shang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Mengwei Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
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49
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Liu B, Tang C, Zhao Y, Cheng K, Yang F. Toxicological effect assessment of aged biochar on Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129242. [PMID: 35739761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) is a biomass material that has a wide range of applications on the remediating heavy metals. In this experiment, we prepared BC (300 ºC, 500 ºC, and 700 ºC) and applied them to adsorb lead ions (Pb2+) to simulate BC treatment of Pb2+-contaminated soil. The retention capacity of BC for heavy metals was altered by means of bacterial culture, and the heavy metals released by BC can have toxicological effects on bacteria. This approach was used to assess the effects of long-term application of BC in heavily contaminated land with heavy metals on soil microorganisms. The results show that Escherichia coli survived in the medium containing lower doses of Pb2+-aged BC prepared at 300 ºC and 500 ºC (25 mg/L and 50 mg/L), depending on its ability of tolerating a certain amount of Pb2+. The addition of 100 mg/L Pb2+-aged BC prepared at 700 ºC not only significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli, but also promoted the release of citric acid from E. coli, which in turn triggered BC releasing more Pb2+. It is hoped that this will provide foundation to support the long-term application of BC in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailiang Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chunyu Tang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Kui Cheng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China.
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50
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Zhang D, Han P, Zheng H, Yan Z. Torrefaction of walnut oil processing wastes by superheated steam: Effects on products characteristics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154649. [PMID: 35307422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Walnut oil production waste (WOPW) is a by-product of walnut oil processing. The organic waste is rich in holocellulose and lignin, showing good potential to be converted by thermal process to valuable products. Superheated steam (SHS) torrefaction is a recently proposed thermal process enabling fast and unformal biomass heating, resulting in high-quality solid products as direct fuel. The potential of SHS to torrefy lipids and proteins (being rich in WOPW) is attractive for broader application of SHS torrefaction to upgrade more biomass wastes. SHS torrefaction was studied in this work to upgrade WOPW for solid products with different reaction temperatures (200, 250, 300 °C) and residence times (20, 40, 60 min). The lowest weight yield was 43.64 wt% under the severest treatment of 300 °C and 60 min, accompanied with the highest energy enhancement of 1.34 (reaching HHV of 27.03 MJ/kg). Response surface method is employed to reveal the effects of temperature and residence time. Residence time of 40 min under 300 °C was supposed to be an ideal condition to upgrade WOPW with HHV of 26.68 MJ/kg and in the range of coal from Van Krevelen diagram. Combustion indices (e.g., fuel ratio, combustion index, and volatile ignitability) indicated that the aforementioned torrefied WOPW had favourable properties as co-firing material. On the other hand, combustion behaviours analysis demonstrated that SHS torrefied WOPW could perform well as direct fuel. Aqueous effluent was also condensed and analyzed, where products from lipids and proteins were massively presented, giving an insight into the decomposition of those two constitutes undergoing SHS torrefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Peilin Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Huidong Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Zuoyi Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
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