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Mansour MA, Hassan GS, Serya RAT, Jaballah MY, Abouzid KAM. Advances in the discovery of activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107332. [PMID: 38581966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Activin receptor‑like kinase-5 (ALK5) is an outstanding member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family. (TGF-β) signaling pathway integrates pleiotropic proteins that regulate various cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Dysregulation within the signaling pathway can cause variety of diseases, such as fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, and especially cancer, rendering ALK5 a potential drug target. Hence, various small molecules have been designed and synthesized as potent ALK5 inhibitors. In this review, we shed light on the current ATP-competitive inhibitors of ALK5 through diverse heterocyclic based scaffolds that are in clinical or pre-clinical phases of development. Moreover, we focused on the binding interactions of the compounds to the ATP binding site and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of each scaffold, revealing new scopes for designing novel candidates with enhanced selectivity and metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ghaneya S Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Rabah A T Serya
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Maiy Y Jaballah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
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2
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Beeren IAO, Dos Santos G, Dijkstra PJ, Mota C, Bauer J, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves N, Camarero-Espinosa S, Baker MB, Moroni L. A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications. Biodes Manuf 2024; 7:277-291. [PMID: 38818303 PMCID: PMC11133161 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing (ME-AM) is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. However, most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell fate. Grafting of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct; however, there are limited strategies available to control the surface density. Here, we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k (PCL5k) containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCL75k at different ratios. Stable porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage (75 wt.%) of the low molecular weight PCL5k. As a proof-of-concept test, we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface, yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm2. Subsequently, a bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions, and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) was assessed. After two weeks of culturing in a basic medium, cells expressed higher levels of BMP receptor II (BMPRII) on films with the conjugated peptide. In addition, we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films containing the highest peptide density (i.e., 561 pmol/cm2), indicating the importance of the surface density. Taken together, these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material interface. Moreover, we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of (modified) polymers. Furthermore, the use of alkyne-azide "click" chemistry enables spatial control over bioconjugation of many tissue-specific moieties, making this approach a versatile strategy for tissue engineering applications. Graphic abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42242-024-00286-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. A. O. Beeren
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G. Dos Santos
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - P. J. Dijkstra
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C. Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Bauer
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H. Ferreira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N. Neves
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - S. Camarero-Espinosa
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - M. B. Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L. Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Du R, Wen L, Niu M, Zhao L, Guan X, Yang J, Zhang C, Liu H. Activin receptors in human cancer: Functions, mechanisms, and potential clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116061. [PMID: 38369212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Activins are members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and act as key regulators in various physiological processes, such as follicle and embryonic development, as well as in multiple human diseases, including cancer. They have been established to signal through three type I and two type II serine/threonine kinase receptors, which, upon ligand binding, form a final signal-transducing receptor complex that activates downstream signaling and governs gene expression. Recent research highlighted the dysregulation of the expression or activity of activin receptors in multiple human cancers and their critical involvement in cancer progression. Furthermore, expression levels of activin receptors have been associated with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes across different cancers. However, there is currently a paucity of comprehensive systematic reviews of activin receptors in cancer. Thus, this review aimed to consolidate existing knowledge concerning activin receptors, with a primary emphasis on their signaling cascade and emerging biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and potential clinical applications in human cancers in order to provide novel perspectives on cancer prognosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Du
- First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Liqi Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Min Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Liting Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Guan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Anatomy, the Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, the Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
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4
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Bruzzese A, Martino EA, Labanca C, Mendicino F, Lucia E, Olivito V, Zimbo A, Fragliasso V, Neri A, Morabito F, Vigna E, Gentile M. Momelotinib in myelofibrosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:521-528. [PMID: 38623844 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2343780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myelofibrosis (MF) is a hematologic disease characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, cytopenias, splenomegaly, and constitutional symptoms. Recent years have seen the emergence of novel therapeutic agents, notably ruxolitinib and fedratinib, which target the Janus kinases (JAK) pathway. However, their myelosuppressive effect coupled with the persistence, and even worsening anemia remains a significant challenge, leading usually to treatment discontinuation. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on Momelotinib (MMB), a unique JAK inhibitor that has shown promise in MF treatment, particularly in improving anemia. MMB inhibits type 1 kinase activin A receptor or activin receptor-like kinase-2 (ACVR1/ALK2), with consequent rebalancing of the SMAD pathways and reduced transcription of hepcidin. Moreover, it seems that MMB could reduce the serum levels of several inflammatory cytokines responsible for anemia. Clinical trials have demonstrated MMB's efficacy in reducing spleen size, alleviating symptoms, and improving anemia, with a favorable safety profile compared to other JAK inhibitors, both in treatment-naïve and in pre-treated patients. EXPERT OPINION Due to its mechanism of action, MMB represents a valuable therapeutic option in MF, addressing the clinical challenge of anemia and potentially improving outcomes for patients with hematologic malignancies. Ongoing research explores MMB's potential in acute myeloid leukemia and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eugenio Lucia
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Zimbo
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
- UOC Laboratorio Analisi Cliniche, Biomolecolari e Genetica, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratorio di Ricerca Traslazionale Azienda USL-IRCSS Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, EmiliaRomagna, Italy
| | | | - Ernesto Vigna
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Akiyama T, Raftery LA, Wharton KA. Bone morphogenetic protein signaling: the pathway and its regulation. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad200. [PMID: 38124338 PMCID: PMC10847725 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1960s, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were first identified in the extracts of bone to have the remarkable ability to induce heterotopic bone. When the Drosophila gene decapentaplegic (dpp) was first identified to share sequence similarity with mammalian BMP2/BMP4 in the late-1980s, it became clear that secreted BMP ligands can mediate processes other than bone formation. Following this discovery, collaborative efforts between Drosophila geneticists and mammalian biochemists made use of the strengths of their respective model systems to identify BMP signaling components and delineate the pathway. The ability to conduct genetic modifier screens in Drosophila with relative ease was critical in identifying the intracellular signal transducers for BMP signaling and the related transforming growth factor-beta/activin signaling pathway. Such screens also revealed a host of genes that encode other core signaling components and regulators of the pathway. In this review, we provide a historical account of this exciting time of gene discovery and discuss how the field has advanced over the past 30 years. We have learned that while the core BMP pathway is quite simple, composed of 3 components (ligand, receptor, and signal transducer), behind the versatility of this pathway lies multiple layers of regulation that ensures precise tissue-specific signaling output. We provide a sampling of these discoveries and highlight many questions that remain to be answered to fully understand the complexity of BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Akiyama
- Department of Biology, Rich and Robin Porter Cancer Research Center, The Center for Genomic Advocacy, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Laurel A Raftery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Kristi A Wharton
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Duminuco A, Chifotides HT, Giallongo S, Giallongo C, Tibullo D, Palumbo GA. ACVR1: A Novel Therapeutic Target to Treat Anemia in Myelofibrosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:154. [PMID: 38201581 PMCID: PMC10778144 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Activin receptor type I (ACVR1) is a transmembrane kinase receptor belonging to bone morphogenic protein receptors (BMPs). ACVR1 plays an important role in hematopoiesis and anemia via the BMP6/ACVR1/SMAD pathway, which regulates expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of iron homeostasis. Elevated hepcidin levels are inversely associated with plasma iron levels, and chronic hepcidin expression leads to iron-restricted anemia. Anemia is one of the hallmarks of myelofibrosis (MF), a bone marrow (BM) malignancy characterized by BM scarring resulting in impaired hematopoiesis, splenomegaly, and systemic symptoms. Anemia and red blood cell transfusions negatively impact MF prognosis. Among the approved JAK inhibitors (ruxolitinib, fedratinib, momelotinib, and pacritinib) for MF, momelotinib and pacritinib are preferably used in cytopenic patients; both agents are potent ACVR1 inhibitors that suppress hepcidin expression via the BMP6/ACVR1/SMAD pathway and restore iron homeostasis/erythropoiesis. In September 2023, momelotinib was approved as a treatment for patients with MF and anemia. Zilurgisertib (ACVR1 inhibitor) and DISC-0974 (anti-hemojuvelin monoclonal antibody) are evaluated in early phase clinical trials in patients with MF and anemia. Luspatercept (ACVR2B ligand trap) is assessed in transfusion-dependent MF patients in a registrational phase 3 trial. Approved ACVR1 inhibitors and novel agents in development are poised to improve the outcomes of anemic MF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Duminuco
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Helen T. Chifotides
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sebastiano Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe A. Palumbo
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (C.G.)
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Srole DN, Jung G, Waring AJ, Nemeth E, Ganz T. Characterization of erythroferrone structural domains relevant to its iron-regulatory function. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105374. [PMID: 37866631 PMCID: PMC10692919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron delivery to the plasma is closely coupled to erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells, as this process consumes most of the circulating plasma iron. In response to hemorrhage and other erythropoietic stresses, increased erythropoietin stimulates the production of the hormone erythroferrone (ERFE) by erythrocyte precursors (erythroblasts) developing in erythropoietic tissues. ERFE acts on the liver to inhibit bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and thereby decrease hepcidin production. Decreased circulating hepcidin concentrations then allow the release of iron from stores and increase iron absorption from the diet. Guided by evolutionary analysis and Alphafold2 protein complex modeling, we used targeted ERFE mutations, deletions, and synthetic ERFE segments together with cell-based bioassays and surface plasmon resonance to probe the structural features required for bioactivity and BMP binding. We define the ERFE active domain and multiple structural features that act together to entrap BMP ligands. In particular, the hydrophobic helical segment 81 to 86 and specifically the highly conserved tryptophan W82 in the N-terminal region are essential for ERFE bioactivity and Alphafold2 modeling places W82 between two tryptophans in its ligands BMP2, BMP6, and the BMP2/6 heterodimer, an interaction similar to those that bind BMPs to their cognate receptors. Finally, we identify the cationic region 96-107 and the globular TNFα-like domain 186-354 as structural determinants of ERFE multimerization that increase the avidity of ERFE for BMP ligands. Collectively, our results provide further insight into the ERFE-mediated inhibition of BMP signaling in response to erythropoietic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Srole
- Department of Medicine, Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; Molecular and Medical Pharmacology Graduate Program, Graduate Programs in Bioscience, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Grace Jung
- Department of Medicine, Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alan J Waring
- Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Lundquist Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeta Nemeth
- Department of Medicine, Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Department of Medicine, Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Riege D, Herschel S, Fenkl T, Schade D. Small-Molecule Probes as Pharmacological Tools for the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling Pathway. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1574-1599. [PMID: 37974621 PMCID: PMC10644459 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway is highly conserved and plays central roles in health and disease. The quality and quantity of its signaling outputs are regulated at multiple levels, offering pharmacological options for targeted modulation. Both target-centric and phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) approaches were applied to identify small-molecule BMP inhibitors and stimulators. In this Review, we accumulated and systematically classified the different reported chemotypes based on their targets as well as modes-of-action, and herein we illustrate the discovery history of selected candidates. A comprehensive summary of available biochemical, cellular, and in vivo activities is provided for the most relevant BMP modulators, along with recommendations on their preferred use as chemical probes to study BMP-related (patho)physiological processes. There are a number of high-quality probes used as BMP inhibitors that potently and selectively interrogate the kinase activities of distinct type I (16 chemotypes available) and type II receptors (3 chemotypes available). In contrast, only a few high-quality BMP stimulator modalities have been introduced to the field due to a lack of profound target knowledge. FK506-derived macrolides such as calcineurin-sparing FKBP12 inhibitors currently represent the best-characterized chemical tools for direct activation of BMP-SMAD signaling at the receptor level. However, several PDD campaigns succeeded in expanding the druggable space of BMP stimulators. Albeit the majority of them do not entirely fulfill the strict chemical probe criteria, many chemotypes exhibit unique and unrecognized mechanisms as pathway potentiators or synergizers, serving as valuable pharmacological tools for BMP perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Riege
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sven Herschel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Teresa Fenkl
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Partner
Site Kiel, DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular
Research, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Hong JW, Yu Y, Wang LS, Li Z, Zhang R, Wang Q, Ding Z, Zhang JP, Zhang MR, Xu LC. BMP4 Regulates EMT to be Involved in non-Syndromic Cleft lip With or Without Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:1462-1473. [PMID: 35702016 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221105762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the previous study, we identified bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) responsible for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). We aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of BMP4 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Smad1 signaling pathway to be involved in NSCL/P. METHODS The human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells (KBs) were transfected with plasmids or small interfering RNA (siRNA) to build the models. The migration of the cells was evaluated by transwell assay. Western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expressions of BMP4, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, EMT-related transcription factors snal1 and snal2, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, Smad1, and phosphorylated Smad1. RESULTS In the overexpression group, the migration number of cells was increased significantly. The protein expression of E-cadherin was decreased significantly, while the protein expression level of the N-cadherin was increased significantly. The protein and mRNA expressions of MMP2, MMP9, snal1, and snal2 were significantly higher. The expression level of Smad1 was not significantly changed, while the phosphorylation of Smad1 was significantly increased. In the BMP4-siRNA group, the migrating number cells was significantly decreased. The protein expression of E-cadherin was increased significantly, while the expression of N-cadherin was significantly decreased. The protein and mRNA expressions of MMP2, MMP9, snal1, and snal2 were significantly lower than that of the control group. The expressions of Smad1 and phosphorylation of Smad1 were not significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS BMP4 enhances cell migration and promotes cell EMT through Smad1 signaling pathway. Abnormal BMP4 mediates migration and EMT through other relevant signaling pathways resulting in NSCL/P. The study provides new insight into the mechanisms of NSCL/P associated with BMP4.n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Hong
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Shan Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Peng Zhang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Zhang H, Ruan Q, Chen C, Yu H, Guan S, Hu D, Yang C, Lin R, Zhuo C. Activin A/ACVR2A axis inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer by activating SMAD2. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1585-1598. [PMID: 37378449 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Liver metastasis is the major direct cause of colorectal cancer-related deaths. Although radical resection is the most effective treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis, several patients are not eligible for surgery. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel treatments based on the understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. This study demonstrated that activin A/ACVR2A inhibits colon cancer cell migration and invasion, as well as suppresses the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of mouse colon cancer cells. This finding has been further validated in animal experiments. Mechanistic studies revealed that activin A binds to Smad2 (instead of Smad3) and activates its transcription. Analysis of the paired clinical samples further confirmed that the expression levels of ACVR2A and SMAD2 were the highest in adjacent healthy tissues, followed by primary colon cancer tissues and liver metastasis tissues, suggesting that ACVR2A downregulation may promote colon cancer metastasis. Bioinformatics analysis and clinical studies demonstrated that ACVR2A downregulation was significantly associated with liver metastasis and poor disease-free and progression-free survival of patients with colon cancer. These results suggest that the activin A/ACVR2A axis promotes colon cancer metastasis by selectively activating SMAD2. Thus, targeting ACVR2A is a potential novel therapeutic strategy to prevent colon cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Ruan
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunkang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirong Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhua Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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11
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Liu C, Guo H, Shi C, Sun H. BMP signaling in the development and regeneration of tooth roots: from mechanisms to applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1272201. [PMID: 37779895 PMCID: PMC10540449 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1272201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Short root anomaly (SRA), along with caries, periodontitis, and trauma, can cause tooth loss, affecting the physical and mental health of patients. Dental implants have become widely utilized for tooth restoration; however, they exhibit certain limitations compared to natural tooth roots. Tissue engineering-mediated root regeneration offers a strategy to sustain a tooth with a physiologically more natural function by regenerating the bioengineered tooth root (bio-root) based on the bionic principle. While the process of tooth root development has been reported in previous studies, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) family is an essential factor regulating cellular activities and is involved in almost all tissue development. Recent studies have focused on exploring the mechanism of BMP signaling in tooth root development by using transgenic animal models and developing better tissue engineering strategies for bio-root regeneration. This article reviews the unique roles of BMP signaling in tooth root development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangwei Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
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12
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Trumpp M, Tan WH, Burdzinski W, Basler Y, Jatzlau J, Knaus P, Winkler C. Characterization of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progessiva relevant Acvr1/Acvr2 Activin receptors in medaka (Oryzias latipes). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291379. [PMID: 37708126 PMCID: PMC10501582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Activin and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling plays crucial roles in vertebrate organ formation, including osteo- and angiogenesis, and tissue homeostasis, such as neuronal maintenance. Activin and BMP signaling needs to be precisely controlled by restricted expression of shared receptors, stoichiometric composition of receptor-complexes and presence of regulatory proteins. A R206H mutation in the human (hs) BMP type I receptor hsACVR1, on the other hand, leads to excessive phosphorylation of Sons of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 1/5/8. This in turn causes increased inflammation and heterotopic ossification in soft tissues of patients suffering from Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). Several animal models have been established to understand the spontaneous and progressive nature of FOP, but often have inherent limitations. The Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes, ola) has recently emerged as popular model for bone research. To assess whether medaka is suitable as a potential FOP animal model, we determined the expression of Activin receptor type I (ACVR1) orthologs olaAcvr1 and olaAcvr1l with that of Activin type II receptors olaAcvr2ab, olaAcvr2ba and olaAcvr2bb in embryonic and adult medaka tissues by in situ hybridization. Further, we showed that Activin A binding properties are conserved in olaAcvr2, as are the mechanistic features in the GS-Box of both olaAcvr1 and olaAcvr1l. This consequently leads to FOP-typical elevated SMAD signaling when the medaka type I receptors carry the R206H equivalent FOP mutation. Together, this study therefore provides experimental groundwork needed to establish a unique medaka model to investigate mechanisms underlying FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trumpp
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wen Hui Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wiktor Burdzinski
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yara Basler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jerome Jatzlau
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Sánchez-Duffhues G, Hiepen C. Human iPSCs as Model Systems for BMP-Related Rare Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2200. [PMID: 37681932 PMCID: PMC10487005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling contribute to onset and development of a number of rare genetic diseases, including Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). After decades of animal research to build a solid foundation in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms, the progressive implementation of iPSC-based patient-derived models will improve drug development by addressing drug efficacy, specificity, and toxicity in a complex humanized environment. We will review the current state of literature on iPSC-derived model systems in this field, with special emphasis on the access to patient source material and the complications that may come with it. Given the essential role of BMPs during embryonic development and stem cell differentiation, gain- or loss-of-function mutations in the BMP signalling pathway may compromise iPSC generation, maintenance, and differentiation procedures. This review highlights the need for careful optimization of the protocols used. Finally, we will discuss recent developments towards complex in vitro culture models aiming to resemble specific tissue microenvironments with multi-faceted cellular inputs, such as cell mechanics and ECM together with organoids, organ-on-chip, and microfluidic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Sánchez-Duffhues
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), ISPA-HUCA, Avda. de Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Hiepen
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany
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14
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Allen RS, Jones WD, Hale M, Warder BN, Shore EM, Mullins MC. Reduced GS Domain Serine/Threonine Requirements of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Mutant Type I BMP Receptor ACVR1 in the Zebrafish. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1364-1385. [PMID: 37329499 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare human genetic condition characterized by altered skeletal development and extraskeletal bone formation. All cases of FOP are caused by mutations in the type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor gene ACVR1 that result in overactivation of the BMP signaling pathway. Activation of the wild-type ACVR1 kinase requires assembly of a tetrameric type I and II BMP receptor complex followed by phosphorylation of the ACVR1 GS domain by type II BMP receptors. Previous studies showed that the FOP-mutant ACVR1-R206H required type II BMP receptors and presumptive glycine/serine-rich (GS) domain phosphorylation for overactive signaling. Structural modeling of the ACVR1-R206H mutant kinase domain supports the idea that FOP mutations alter the conformation of the GS domain, but it is unclear how this leads to overactive signaling. Here we show, using a developing zebrafish embryo BMP signaling assay, that the FOP-mutant receptors ACVR1-R206H and -G328R have reduced requirements for GS domain phosphorylatable sites to signal compared to wild-type ACVR1. Further, ligand-independent and ligand-dependent signaling through the FOP-mutant ACVR1 receptors have distinct GS domain phosphorylatable site requirements. ACVR1-G328R showed increased GS domain serine/threonine requirements for ligand-independent signaling compared to ACVR1-R206H, whereas it exhibited reduced serine/threonine requirements for ligand-dependent signaling. Remarkably, while ACVR1-R206H does not require the type I BMP receptor partner, Bmpr1, to signal, a ligand-dependent GS domain mutant of ACVR1-R206H could signal independently of Bmpr1 only when Bmp7 ligand was overexpressed. Of note, unlike human ACVR1-R206H, the zebrafish paralog Acvr1l-R203H does not show increased signaling activity. However, in domain-swapping studies, the human kinase domain, but not the human GS domain, was sufficient to confer overactive signaling to the Acvr1l-R203H receptor. Together these results reflect the importance of GS domain activation and kinase domain functions in regulating ACVR1 signaling and identify mechanisms of reduced regulatory constraints conferred by FOP mutations. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn S Allen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William D Jones
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maya Hale
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bailey N Warder
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eileen M Shore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary C Mullins
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Król W, Machelak W, Zielińska M. GDF11 as a friend or an enemy in the cancer biology? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188944. [PMID: 37356738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The Growth and Differential Factor 11 (GDF11) is a recently discovered representative of Transforming Growth Factor β superfamily. The highest expression of GDF11 is detected in the nervous system, bladder, seminal vesicles and muscles whereas the lowest in the testis, liver or breast. GDF11 role in physiology is still not clear. GDF11 is a crucial factor in embryogenesis, cell cycle control and apoptosis, inasmuch it mainly targets cell retain stemness features, managing to the cell differentiation and the maturation. GDF11 is entangled in lipid metabolism, inflammatory processes and aging. GDF11 is strongly related to carcinogenesis and its expression in tumors is intruded. GDF11 can promote cancer growth in the colon or inhibit the cell proliferation in breast cancer. The aberrated expression is probably allied with the impaired maturation. In this article we summarized an impact of GDF11 on the tumor cells and review the all attitudes connecting GDF11 with carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Król
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Machelak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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16
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Omeljaniuk WJ, Laudański P, Miltyk W. The role of miRNA molecules in the miscarriage process. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:29-44. [PMID: 37104617 PMCID: PMC10492520 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of miscarriage, which is the most common pregnancy complication, have not been fully elucidated. There is a constant search for new screening biomarkers that would allow for the early diagnosis of disorders associated with pregnancy pathology. The profiling of microRNA expression is a promising research area, which can help establish the predictive factors for pregnancy diseases. Molecules of microRNAs are involved in several processes crucial for the development and functioning of the body. These processes include cell division and differentiation, programmed cell death, blood vessel formation or tumorigenesis, and the response to oxidative stress. The microRNAs affect the number of individual proteins in the body due to their ability to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, ensuring the normal course of many cellular processes. Based on the scientific facts available, this paper presents a compendium on the role of microRNA molecules in the miscarriage process. The expression of potential microRNA molecules as early minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers may be evaluated as early as the first weeks of pregnancy and may constitute a monitoring factor in the individual clinical care of women in early pregnancy, especially after the first miscarriage. To summarize, the described scientific data set a new direction of research in the development of preventive care and prognostic monitoring of the course of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Laudański
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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17
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Jeon J, Lee H, Jeon MS, Kim SJ, Choi C, Kim KW, Yang DJ, Lee S, Bae YS, Choi WI, Jung J, Eyun SI, Yang S. Blockade of Activin Receptor IIB Protects Arthritis Pathogenesis by Non-Amplification of Activin A-ACVR2B-NOX4 Axis Pathway. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205161. [PMID: 36950748 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Although activin receptor IIB (ACVR2B) is emerging as a novel pathogenic receptor, its ligand and assembled components (or assembly) are totally unknown in the context of osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. The present results suggest that upregulation of ACVR2B and its assembly could affect osteoarthritic cartilage destruction. It is shown that the ACVR2B ligand, activin A, regulates catabolic factor expression through ACVR2B in OA development. Activin A Tg mice (Col2a1-Inhba) exhibit enhanced cartilage destruction, whereas heterozygous activin A KO mice (Inhba+/- ) show protection from cartilage destruction. In silico analysis suggests that the Activin A-ACVR2B axis is involved in Nox4-dependent ROS production. Activin A Tg:Nox4 KO (Col2a1-Inhba:Nox4-/- ) mice show inhibition of experimental OA pathogenesis. NOX4 directly binds to the C-terminal binding site on ACVR2B-ACVR1B and amplifies the pathogenic signal for cartilage destruction through SMAD2/3 signaling. Together, the findings reveal that the ACVR2B assembly, which comprises Activin A, ACVR2B, ACVR1B, Nox4, and AP-1-induced HIF-2α, accelerates OA development. Furthermore, it is shown that shRNA-mediated ACVR2B knockdown or trapping ligands of ACVR2B abrogate OA development by competitively disrupting the ACVR2B-Activin A interaction. These results suggest that the ACVR2B assembly is required to amplify osteoarthritic cartilage destruction and could be a potential therapeutic target in efforts to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seung Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jung Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu, 11765, Republic of Korea
| | - Cham Choi
- MicroCT Applications, 3rd floor, 11, Sumyeong-ro 1-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Woo Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biological Science, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joo Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biological Science, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Il Choi
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Jung
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Il Eyun
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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18
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Lian J, Walker RG, D'Amico A, Vujic A, Mills MJ, Messemer KA, Mendello KR, Goldstein JM, Leacock KA, Epp S, Stimpfl EV, Thompson TB, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. Functional substitutions of amino acids that differ between GDF11 and GDF8 impact skeletal development and skeletal muscle. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201662. [PMID: 36631218 PMCID: PMC9834663 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and GDF8 (MSTN) are closely related TGF-β family proteins that interact with nearly identical signaling receptors and antagonists. However, GDF11 appears to activate SMAD2/3 more potently than GDF8 in vitro and in vivo. The ligands possess divergent structural properties, whereby substituting unique GDF11 amino acids into GDF8 enhanced the activity of the resulting chimeric GDF8. We investigated potentially distinct endogenous activities of GDF11 and GDF8 in vivo by genetically modifying their mature signaling domains. Full recoding of GDF8 to that of GDF11 yielded mice lacking GDF8, with GDF11 levels ∼50-fold higher than normal, and exhibiting modestly decreased muscle mass, with no apparent negative impacts on health or survival. Substitution of two specific amino acids in the fingertip region of GDF11 with the corresponding GDF8 residues resulted in prenatal axial skeletal transformations, consistent with Gdf11-deficient mice, without apparent perturbation of skeletal or cardiac muscle development or homeostasis. These experiments uncover distinctive features between the GDF11 and GDF8 mature domains in vivo and identify a specific requirement for GDF11 in early-stage skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan G Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrea D'Amico
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ana Vujic
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melanie J Mills
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Messemer
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kourtney R Mendello
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Krystynne A Leacock
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Soraya Epp
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emma V Stimpfl
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas B Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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19
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Novel Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Medical Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044147. [PMID: 36835558 PMCID: PMC9965798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe condition with a high mortality rate despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In recent years, significant scientific progress has been made in the understanding of the underlying pathobiological mechanisms. Since current available treatments mainly target pulmonary vasodilation, but lack an effect on the pathological changes that develop in the pulmonary vasculature, there is need to develop novel therapeutic compounds aimed at antagonizing the pulmonary vascular remodeling. This review presents the main molecular mechanisms involved in the pathobiology of PAH, discusses the new molecular compounds currently being developed for the medical treatment of PAH and assesses their potential future role in the therapeutic algorithms of PAH.
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20
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Luteolin inhibits the TGF-β signaling pathway to overcome bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Cancer Lett 2023; 554:216019. [PMID: 36442773 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable condition and the second most common hematological malignancy. Over the past few years, there has been progress in the treatment of MM, but most patients still relapse. Multiple myeloma stem-like cells (MMSCs) are believed to be the main reason for drug resistance and eventual relapse. Currently, there are not enough therapeutic agents that have been identified for eradication of MMSCs, and thus, identification of the same may alleviate the issue of relapse in patients. In the present study, we showed that luteolin (LUT), a natural compound obtained from different plants, such as vegetables, medicinal herbs, and fruits, effectively inhibits the proliferation of MM cells and overcomes bortezomib (BTZ) resistance in them in vitro and in vivo, mainly by decreasing the proportion of ALDH1+ cells. Furthermore, RNA sequencing after LUT treatment of MM cell lines and an MM xenograft mouse model revealed that the effects of the compound are mediated through inhibition of transforming growth factor-β signaling. Similarly, we found that LUT also significantly reduced the proportion of ALDH1+ cells in primary CD138+ plasma cells. In addition, LUT could overcome the BTZ treatment-induced increase in the proportion of ALDH1+ cells, and the combination of LUT and BTZ had a synergistic effect against myeloma cells. Collectively, our findings suggested that LUT is a promising agent that manifests MMSCs to overcome BTZ resistance, alone or in combination with BTZ, and thus, is a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of MM.
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21
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Liu H, Hallauer Hastings M, Kitchen R, Xiao C, Baldovino Guerra JR, Kuznetsov A, Rosenzweig A. Beneficial Effects of Moderate Hepatic Activin A Expression on Metabolic Pathways, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:330-349. [PMID: 36453275 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory vascular disease marked by hyperlipidemia and hematopoietic stem cell expansion. Activin A, a member of the Activin/GDF/TGFβ/BMP (growth/differentiation factor/transforming growth factor beta/bone morphogenetic protein) family is broadly expressed and increases in human atherosclerosis, but its functional effects in vivo in this context remain unclear. METHODS We studied LDLR-/- mice on a Western diet for 12 weeks and used adeno-associated viral vectors with a liver-specific TBG (thyroxine-binding globulin) promoter to express Activin A or GFP (control). Atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed by oil red staining. Blood lipid profiling was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and immune cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Liver RNA-sequencing was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Activin A expression decreased in both livers and aortae from LDLR-/- mice fed a Western diet compared with standard laboratory diet. Adenoassociated virus-TBG-Activin A increased Activin A hepatic expression ≈10-fold at 12 weeks; P<0.001) and circulating Activin A levels ≈2000 pg/ml versus ≈50 pg/ml; P<0.001, compared with controls). Hepatic Activin A expression decreased plasma total and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol ≈60% and ≈40%, respectively), reduced inflammatory cells in aortae and proliferating hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, and reduced atherosclerotic lesion and necrotic core area in aortae. Activin A also attenuated liver steatosis and expression of the lipogenesis genes, Srebp1 and Srebp2. RNA sequencing revealed Activin A not only blocked expression of genes involved in hepatic de novo lipogenesis but also fatty acid uptake and liver inflammation. In addition, Activin A expressed in the liver also reduced white fat tissue accumulation, decreased adipocyte size, and improved glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal hepatic Activin A expression reduces inflammation, hematopoietic stem cell expansion, liver steatosis, circulating cholesterol, and fat accumulation, which likely all contribute to the observed protection against atherosclerosis. The reduced Activin A observed in LDLR-/- mice on a Western diet seems maladaptive and deleterious for atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - Robert Kitchen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Chunyang Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - Alexandra Kuznetsov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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22
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A versatile Halo- and SNAP-tagged BMP/TGFβ receptor library for quantification of cell surface ligand binding. Commun Biol 2023; 6:34. [PMID: 36635368 PMCID: PMC9837045 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFβs, BMPs and Activins regulate numerous developmental and homeostatic processes and signal through hetero-tetrameric receptor complexes composed of two types of serine/threonine kinase receptors. Each of the 33 different ligands possesses unique affinities towards specific receptor types. However, the lack of specific tools hampered simultaneous testing of ligand binding towards all BMP/TGFβ receptors. Here we present a N-terminally Halo- and SNAP-tagged TGFβ/BMP receptor library to visualize receptor complexes in dual color. In combination with fluorescently labeled ligands, we established a Ligand Surface Binding Assay (LSBA) for optical quantification of receptor-dependent ligand binding in a cellular context. We highlight that LSBA is generally applicable to test (i) binding of different ligands such as Activin A, TGFβ1 and BMP9, (ii) for mutant screens and (iii) evolutionary comparisons. This experimental set-up opens opportunities for visualizing ligand-receptor binding dynamics, essential to determine signaling specificity and is easily adaptable for other receptor signaling pathways.
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23
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Kim K, Kim MG, Lee GM. Improving bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) production in CHO cells through understanding of BMP synthesis, signaling and endocytosis. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 62:108080. [PMID: 36526238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors with the clinical potential to regulate cartilage and bone formation. Functionally active mature recombinant human BMPs (rhBMPs), produced primarily in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for clinical applications, are considered difficult to express because they undergo maturation processes, signaling pathways, or endocytosis. Although BMPs are a family of proteins with similar mature domain sequence identities, their individual properties are diverse. Thus, understanding the properties of individual rhBMPs is essential to improve rhBMP production in CHO cells. In this review, we discuss various approaches to improve rhBMP production in CHO cells by understanding the overall maturation process, signaling pathways and endocytosis of individual rhBMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Gyeom Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Ye D, Liu Y, Pan H, Feng Y, Lu X, Gan L, Wan J, Ye J. Insights into bone morphogenetic proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125642. [PMID: 36909186 PMCID: PMC9996008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secretory proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins play important roles in embryogenesis, bone morphogenesis, blood vessel remodeling and the development of various organs. In recent years, as research has progressed, BMPs have been found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). In this review, we summarized the potential roles and related mechanisms of the BMP family in the cardiovascular system and focused on atherosclerosis and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liren Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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25
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Davies GCG, Dedi N, Jones PS, Kevorkian L, McMillan D, Ottone C, Schulze MSED, Scott-Tucker A, Tewari R, West S, Wright M, Rowley TF. Discovery of ginisortamab, a potent and novel anti-gremlin-1 antibody in clinical development for the treatment of cancer. MAbs 2023; 15:2289681. [PMID: 38084840 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2289681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gremlin-1, a high-affinity antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2, -4, and -7, is implicated in tumor initiation and progression. Increased gremlin-1 expression, and therefore suppressed BMP signaling, correlates with poor prognosis in a range of cancer types. A lack of published work using therapeutic modalities has precluded the testing of the hypothesis that blocking the gremlin-1/BMP interaction will provide benefits to patients. To address this shortfall, we developed ginisortamab (UCB6114), a first-in-class clinical anti-human gremlin-1 antibody, currently in clinical development for the treatment of cancer, along with its murine analog antibody Ab7326 mouse immunoglobulin G1 (mIgG1). Surface plasmon resonance assays revealed that ginisortamab and Ab7326 mIgG1 had similar affinities for human and mouse gremlin-1, with mean equilibrium dissociation constants of 87 pM and 61 pM, respectively. The gremlin-1/Ab7326 antigen-binding fragment (Fab) crystal structure revealed a gremlin-1 dimer with a Fab molecule bound to each monomer that blocked BMP binding. In cell culture experiments, ginisortamab fully blocked the activity of recombinant human gremlin-1, and restored BMP signaling pathways in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. Furthermore, in a human CRC - fibroblast co-culture system where gremlin-1 is produced by the fibroblasts, ginisortamab restored BMP signaling in both the CRC cells and fibroblasts, demonstrating its activity in a relevant human tumor microenvironment model. The safety and efficacy of ginisortamab are currently being evaluated in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT04393298).
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26
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Yamamoto M, Stoessel SJ, Yamamoto S, Goldhamer DJ. Overexpression of Wild-Type ACVR1 in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Mice Rescues Perinatal Lethality and Inhibits Heterotopic Ossification. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:2077-2093. [PMID: 35637634 PMCID: PMC9708949 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a devastating disease of progressive heterotopic bone formation for which effective treatments are currently unavailable. FOP is caused by dominant gain-of-function mutations in the receptor ACVR1 (also known as ALK2), which render the receptor inappropriately responsive to activin ligands. In previous studies, we developed a genetic mouse model of FOP that recapitulates most clinical aspects of the disease. In this model, genetic loss of the wild-type Acvr1 allele profoundly exacerbated heterotopic ossification, suggesting the hypothesis that the stoichiometry of wild-type and mutant receptors dictates disease severity. Here, we tested this model by producing FOP mice that conditionally overexpress human wild-type ACVR1. Injury-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) was completely blocked in FOP mice when expression of both the mutant and wild-type receptor were targeted to Tie2-positive cells, which includes fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Perinatal lethality of Acvr1R206H/+ mice was rescued by constitutive ACVR1 overexpression, and these mice survived to adulthood at predicted Mendelian frequencies. Constitutive overexpression of ACVR1 also provided protection from spontaneous abnormal skeletogenesis, and the incidence and severity of injury-induced HO in these mice was dramatically reduced. Analysis of pSMAD1/5/8 signaling both in cultured cells and in vivo indicates that ACVR1 overexpression functions cell-autonomously by reducing osteogenic signaling in response to activin A. We propose that ACVR1 overexpression inhibits HO by decreasing the abundance of ACVR1(R206H)-containing signaling complexes at the cell surface while increasing the representation of activin-A-bound non-signaling complexes comprised of wild-type ACVR1. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
| | - Sean J Stoessel
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
| | - David J Goldhamer
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
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27
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Ganjoo S, Puebla-Osorio N, Nanez S, Hsu E, Voss T, Barsoumian H, Duong LK, Welsh JW, Cortez MA. Bone morphogenetic proteins, activins, and growth and differentiation factors in tumor immunology and immunotherapy resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033642. [PMID: 36353620 PMCID: PMC9638036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β superfamily is a group of secreted polypeptides with key roles in exerting and regulating a variety of physiologic effects, especially those related to cell signaling, growth, development, and differentiation. Although its central member, TGF-β, has been extensively reviewed, other members of the family-namely bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins, and growth and differentiation factors (GDFs)-have not been as thoroughly investigated. Moreover, although the specific roles of TGF-β signaling in cancer immunology and immunotherapy resistance have been extensively reported, little is known of the roles of BMPs, activins, and GDFs in these domains. This review focuses on how these superfamily members influence key immune cells in cancer progression and resistance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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28
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Guevara-Garcia A, Fourel L, Bourrin-Reynard I, Sales A, Oddou C, Pezet M, Rossier O, Machillot P, Chaar L, Bouin AP, Giannone G, Destaing O, Picart C, Albiges-Rizo C. Integrin-based adhesion compartmentalizes ALK3 of the BMPRII to control cell adhesion and migration. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213529. [PMID: 36205720 PMCID: PMC9552562 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202107110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial organization of cell-surface receptors is fundamental for the coordination of biological responses to physical and biochemical cues of the extracellular matrix. How serine/threonine kinase receptors, ALK3-BMPRII, cooperate with integrins upon BMP2 to drive cell migration is unknown. Whether the dynamics between integrins and BMP receptors intertwine in space and time to guide adhesive processes is yet to be elucidated. We found that BMP2 stimulation controls the spatial organization of BMPRs by segregating ALK3 from BMPRII into β3 integrin-containing focal adhesions. The selective recruitment of ALK3 to focal adhesions requires β3 integrin engagement and ALK3 activation. BMP2 controls the partitioning of immobilized ALK3 within and outside focal adhesions according to single-protein tracking and super-resolution imaging. The spatial control of ALK3 in focal adhesions by optogenetics indicates that ALK3 acts as an adhesive receptor by eliciting cell spreading required for cell migration. ALK3 segregation from BMPRII in integrin-based adhesions is a key aspect of the spatio-temporal control of BMPR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaris Guevara-Garcia
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1292, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique Equipe Mixte de Recherche Biomimetism and Regenerative Medicine 5000, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5628, Grenoble, France
| | - Laure Fourel
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Ingrid Bourrin-Reynard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Adria Sales
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1292, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique Equipe Mixte de Recherche Biomimetism and Regenerative Medicine 5000, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5628, Grenoble, France
| | - Christiane Oddou
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mylène Pezet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Rossier
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neurosciences, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paul Machillot
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1292, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique Equipe Mixte de Recherche Biomimetism and Regenerative Medicine 5000, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5628, Grenoble, France
| | - Line Chaar
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Pascale Bouin
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory Giannone
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neurosciences, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Destaing
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1292, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique Equipe Mixte de Recherche Biomimetism and Regenerative Medicine 5000, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5628, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Albiges-Rizo
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1209, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France,Correspondence to Corinne Albiges-Rizo:
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Oliver-Cervelló L, Martin-Gómez H, Mandakhbayar N, Jo YW, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Kim HW, Ginebra MP, Lee JH, Mas-Moruno C. Mimicking Bone Extracellular Matrix: From BMP-2-Derived Sequences to Osteogenic-Multifunctional Coatings. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201339. [PMID: 35941083 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell-material interactions are regulated by mimicking bone extracellular matrix on the surface of biomaterials. In this regard, reproducing the extracellular conditions that promote integrin and growth factor (GF) signaling is a major goal to trigger bone regeneration. Thus, the use of synthetic osteogenic domains derived from bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is gaining increasing attention, as this strategy is devoid of the clinical risks associated with this molecule. In this work, the wrist and knuckle epitopes of BMP-2 are screened to identify peptides with potential osteogenic properties. The most active sequences (the DWIVA motif and its cyclic version) are combined with the cell adhesive RGD peptide (linear and cyclic variants), to produce tailor-made biomimetic peptides presenting the bioactive cues in a chemically and geometrically defined manner. Such multifunctional peptides are next used to functionalize titanium surfaces. Biological characterization with mesenchymal stem cells demonstrates the ability of the biointerfaces to synergistically enhance cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo studies in rat calvarial defects prove the capacity of the biomimetic coatings to improve new bone formation and reduce fibrous tissue thickness. These results highlight the potential of mimicking integrin-GF signaling with synthetic peptides, without the need for exogenous GFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Oliver-Cervelló
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
| | - Helena Martin-Gómez
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jo
- Neobiotech Co., Ltd R&D Center, Seoul, 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08019, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, 08019, Spain
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30
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Comparison of Selected Non-Coding RNAs and Gene Expression Profiles between Common Osteosarcoma Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184533. [PMID: 36139691 PMCID: PMC9496707 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumour affecting mainly children and elderly people. Despite significant advances in cancer medicine, osteosarcoma patients’ survival is not improving. The primary treatment methods are established using in vitro models that rely upon the application of well-established cell lines, including U-2 OS, Saos-2 and MG-63. The molecular phenotype of these cell lines is still not fully outlined. Therefore, our study aimed to establish the expression profile of molecular markers related to osteosarcoma survival, progression and metastasis. Non-bone-related cells were used as a reference, i.e. HeLa cell line and human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs). Evaluated osteosarcoma cell lines showed characteristic phenotypes with unique patterns related to upregulation of MMP-7, MMP-14, BMP-7, miR-21-5p, miR-124-3p and downregulation of lncRNA MEG3. Our findings may facilitate the selection of the most reliable cellular model for pre-clinical investigations focused on developing new and satisfying methods of osteosarcoma therapy. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is a bone tumour affecting adolescents and elderly people. Unfortunately, basic treatment methods are still underdeveloped, which has a high impact on the poor survivability of the patients. Studies designed to understand the underlying mechanisms of osteosarcoma development, as well as preclinical investigations aimed at establishing novel therapeutic strategies, rely significantly upon in vitro models, which apply well-established cell lines such as U-2 OS, Saos-2 and MG-63. In this study, the expression of chosen markers associated with tumour progression, metastasis and survival were identified using RT-qPCR. Levels of several onco-miRs (miR-21-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-223-3p and miR-320a-3p) and long non-coding RNA MEG3 were established. The mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), including BMP-2, BMP-3, BMP-4, BMP-6, BMP-7, as well as their receptors: BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB and BMPR-II was also determined. Other tested markers included metalloproteinases, i.e., MMP-7 and MMP-14 and survivin (BIRC5), C-MYC, as well as CYCLIN D (CCND1). The analysis included comparing obtained profiles with transcript levels established for the osteogenic HeLa cell line and human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs). The tested OS cell lines were characterised by a cancer-related phenotype, such as increased expression of mRNA for BMP-7, as well as MMP-7 and MMP-14. Osteosarcoma cells differ considerably in miR-21-5p and miR-124-3p levels, which can be related to uncontrolled tumour growth. The comprehensive examination of osteosarcoma transcriptome profiles may facilitate the selection of appropriate cell models for preclinical investigations aimed at the development of new strategies for OS treatment.
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Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiles of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 Genes and Lack of Association with Litter Size in Tibetan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172232. [PMID: 36077952 PMCID: PMC9455033 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily are indispensable for oocyte formation and development, ovarian organogenesis and folliculogenesis. However, only a few studies have investigated the characteristics of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 in Tibetan sheep and the effect of their polymorphism on litter size. In this study, we examined the expression of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 in 13 tissues of Tibetan sheep by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Further, cDNA of these genes was cloned, sequenced and subjected to bioinformatics analysis. DNA sequencing was also used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, iM-LDRTM technology was used for SNP genotyping. Associations between polymorphisms and litter size were analyzed using data from genotyping of 433 Tibetan sheep. The results showed that the expression of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 genes was ubiquitous in the tissues of Tibetan sheep, such as the ovary, uterus and oviduct, hypothalamus, hypophysis, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, rumen, duodenum and longissimus dorsi. However, the expression was unbalanced and upregulated in the spleen, lung, ovary and uterus and downregulated in the longissimus dorsi. The bioinformatics analysis showed that SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 in Tibetan sheep encoded proteins of 533, 465 and 427 amino acids, respectively. Sequence homology analysis of the three proteins among other animals showed that the sequences of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 of Tibetan sheep were similar to those in sheep, yak, cattle, dog, human, pig, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey and house mouse. Two synonymous mutations, g.51537A>G and g.319C>T, were detected in SMAD5 and SMAD7, respectively. The associations of these SNPs and litter size were determined, and it was found that both g.51537A>G and g.319C>T have no significant effect on the litter size of Tibetan sheep. The results provided novel insights into the molecular characterization, expression profiles and polymorphisms of SMAD4, SMAD5 and SMAD7 in Tibetan sheep, but our results do not support associations between these genes and the litter size of Tibetan sheep.
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Nagar G, Mittal P, Gupta SRR, Pahuja M, Sanger M, Mishra R, Singh A, Singh IK. Multi-omics therapeutic perspective on ACVR1 gene: from genetic alterations to potential targeting. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 22:123-142. [PMID: 36003055 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1), a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase, belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, which signals via phosphorylating the downstream effectors and SMAD transcription factors. Its central role in several biological processes and intracellular signaling is well known. Genetic variation in ACVR1 has been associated with a rare disease, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive, and its somatic alteration is reported in rare cancer diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Furthermore, altered expression or variation of ACVR1 is associated with multiple pathologies such as polycystic ovary syndrome, congenital heart defects, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, posterior fossa ependymoma and other malignancies. Recent advancements have witnessed ACVR1 as a potential pharmacological target, and divergent promising approaches for its therapeutic targeting have been explored. This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of receptor ACVR1, associated signaling pathways, genetic variants in several diseases and cancers, protein-protein interaction, gene expression, regulatory miRNA prediction and potential therapeutic targeting approaches. The comprehensive knowledge will offer new horizons and insights into future strategies harnessing its therapeutic potential.
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Roberts RM, Ezashi T, Temple J, Owen JR, Soncin F, Parast MM. The role of BMP4 signaling in trophoblast emergence from pluripotency. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:447. [PMID: 35877048 PMCID: PMC10243463 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway has established roles in early embryonic morphogenesis, particularly in the epiblast. More recently, however, it has also been implicated in development of extraembryonic lineages, including trophectoderm (TE), in both mouse and human. In this review, we will provide an overview of this signaling pathway, with a focus on BMP4, and its role in emergence and development of TE in both early mouse and human embryogenesis. Subsequently, we will build on these in vivo data and discuss the utility of BMP4-based protocols for in vitro conversion of primed vs. naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSC) into trophoblast, and specifically into trophoblast stem cells (TSC). PSC-derived TSC could provide an abundant, reproducible, and ethically acceptable source of cells for modeling placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, 10290 Ridgegate Circle, Lone Tree, CO, 80124, USA
| | - Jasmine Temple
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joseph R Owen
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Soncin
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mana M Parast
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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BMP Signaling Pathway in Dentin Development and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142216. [PMID: 35883659 PMCID: PMC9317121 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BMP signaling plays an important role in dentin development. BMPs and antagonists regulate odontoblast differentiation and downstream gene expression via canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways. The interaction of BMPs with their receptors leads to the formation of complexes and the transduction of signals to the canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, BMP ligands, receptors, and Smads) and the non-canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, MAPKs, p38, Erk, JNK, and PI3K/Akt) to regulate dental mesenchymal stem cell/progenitor proliferation and differentiation during dentin development and homeostasis. Both the canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways converge at transcription factors, such as Dlx3, Osx, Runx2, and others, to promote the differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal cells into odontoblasts and downregulated gene expressions, such as those of DSPP and DMP1. Dysregulated BMP signaling causes a number of tooth disorders in humans. Mutation or knockout of BMP signaling-associated genes in mice results in dentin defects which enable a better understanding of the BMP signaling networks underlying odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of BMP signaling in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. It includes discussion of the expression of BMPs, their receptors, and the implicated downstream genes during dentinogenesis. In addition, the structures of BMPs, BMP receptors, antagonists, and dysregulation of BMP signaling pathways associated with dentin defects are described.
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Cell–Cell Contact Mediates Gene Expression and Fate Choice of Human Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111741. [PMID: 35681435 PMCID: PMC9179342 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells (NPCs) is a promising regenerative strategy to promote neural repair following injury and degeneration because of the ability of these cells to proliferate, migrate, and integrate with the host tissue. Precise in vitro control of NPC proliferation without compromising multipotency and differentiation ability is critical in stem cell maintenance. This idea was highlighted in recent clinical trials, where discrepancies in NPC culturing protocols produced inconsistent therapeutic benefits. Of note, cell density plays an important role in regulating the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and fate choice of stem cells. To determine the extent of variability produced by inconsistent culturing densities, the present study cultured human-induced pluripotent NPCs (hiPSC-NPCs) at either a low or high plating density. hiPSC-NPCs were then isolated for transcriptomic analysis or differentiation in vitro. Following sequencing analysis, genes involved in cell–cell contact-mediated pathways, including Hippo-signaling, NOTCH, and WNT were differentially expressed. Modulation of these pathways was highly associated with the regulation of pro-neuronal transcription factors, which were also upregulated in response to higher-density hiPSC-NPC culture. Moreover, higher plating density translated into a greater neuronal and less astrocytic differentiation in vitro. This study highlights the importance of precisely controlling culture conditions during the development of NPC transplantation therapies.
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Szilágyi SS, Amsalem-Zafran AR, Shapira KE, Ehrlich M, Henis YI. Competition between type I activin and BMP receptors for binding to ACVR2A regulates signaling to distinct Smad pathways. BMC Biol 2022; 20:50. [PMID: 35177083 PMCID: PMC8855587 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play critical, sometimes opposing roles, in multiple physiological and pathological processes and diseases. They signal to distinct Smad branches; activins signal mainly to Smad2/3, while BMPs activate mainly Smad1/5/8. This gives rise to the possibility that competition between the different type I receptors through which activin and BMP signal for common type II receptors can provide a mechanism for fine-tuning the cellular response to activin/BMP stimuli. Among the transforming growth factor-β superfamily type II receptors, ACVR2A/B are highly promiscuous, due to their ability to interact with different type I receptors (e.g., ALK4 vs. ALK2/3/6) and with their respective ligands [activin A (ActA) vs. BMP9/2]. However, studies on complex formation between these full-length receptors situated at the plasma membrane, and especially on the potential competition between the different activin and BMP type I receptors for a common activin type II receptor, were lacking. Results We employed a combination of IgG-mediated patching-immobilization of several type I receptors in the absence or presence of ligands with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements on the lateral diffusion of an activin type II receptor, ACVR2A, to demonstrate the principle of competition between type I receptors for ACVR2. Our results show that ACVR2A can form stable heteromeric complexes with ALK4 (an activin type I receptor), as well as with several BMP type I receptors (ALK2/3/6). Of note, ALK4 and the BMP type I receptors competed for binding ACVR2A. To assess the implications of this competition for signaling output, we first validated that in our cell model system (U2OS cells), ACVR2/ALK4 transduce ActA signaling to Smad2/3, while BMP9 signaling to Smad1/5/8 employ ACVR2/ALK2 or ACVR2/ALK3. By combining ligand stimulation with overexpression of a competing type I receptor, we showed that differential complex formation of distinct type I receptors with a common type II receptor balances the signaling to the two Smad branches. Conclusions Different type I receptors that signal to distinct Smad pathways (Smad2/3 vs. Smad1/5/8) compete for binding to common activin type II receptors. This provides a novel mechanism to balance signaling between Smad2/3 and Smad1/5/8. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01252-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabina Szófia Szilágyi
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet R Amsalem-Zafran
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren E Shapira
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav I Henis
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Sales A, Khodr V, Machillot P, Chaar L, Fourel L, Guevara-Garcia A, Migliorini E, Albigès-Rizo C, Picart C. Differential bioactivity of four BMP-family members as function of biomaterial stiffness. Biomaterials 2022; 281:121363. [PMID: 35063741 PMCID: PMC7613911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
While a soft film itself is not able to induce cell spreading, BMP-2 presented via such soft film (so called "matrix-bound BMP-2") was previously shown to trigger cell spreading, migration and downstream BMP-2 signaling. Here, we used thin films of controlled stiffness presenting matrix-bound BMPs to study the effect of four BMP members (BMP-2, 4, 7, 9) on cell adhesion and differentiation of skeletal progenitors. We performed automated high-content screening of cellular responses, including cell number, cell spreading area, SMAD phosphorylation and alkaline phosphatase activity. We revealed that the cell response to bBMPs is BMP-type specific, and involved certain BMP receptors and beta chain integrins. In addition, this response is stiffness-dependent for several receptors. The basolateral presentation of the BMPs allowed us to discriminate the specificity of cellular response, especiallyd the role of type I and II BMP receptors and of β integrins in a BMP-type and stiffness-dependent manner. Notably, BMP-2 and BMP-4 were found to have distinct roles, while ALK5, previously known as a TGF-β receptor was revealed to be involved in the BMP-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Sales
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France.
| | - Valia Khodr
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Paul Machillot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Line Chaar
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB) 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laure Fourel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB) 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Amaris Guevara-Garcia
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB) 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Elisa Migliorini
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Albigès-Rizo
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB) 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM U1292 Biosanté, CNRS EMR 5000 BRM, 38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, LMGP, UMR 5628, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France.
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Vermeulen S, Birgani ZT, Habibovic P. Biomaterial-induced pathway modulation for bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Kulikauskas MR, X S, Bautch VL. The versatility and paradox of BMP signaling in endothelial cell behaviors and blood vessel function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:77. [PMID: 35044529 PMCID: PMC8770421 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels expand via sprouting angiogenesis, and this process involves numerous endothelial cell behaviors, such as collective migration, proliferation, cell–cell junction rearrangements, and anastomosis and lumen formation. Subsequently, blood vessels remodel to form a hierarchical network that circulates blood and delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissue. During this time, endothelial cells become quiescent and form a barrier between blood and tissues that regulates transport of liquids and solutes. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling regulates both proangiogenic and homeostatic endothelial cell behaviors as blood vessels form and mature. Almost 30 years ago, human pedigrees linked BMP signaling to diseases associated with blood vessel hemorrhage and shunts, and recent work greatly expanded our knowledge of the players and the effects of vascular BMP signaling. Despite these gains, there remain paradoxes and questions, especially with respect to how and where the different and opposing BMP signaling outputs are regulated. This review examines endothelial cell BMP signaling in vitro and in vivo and discusses the paradox of BMP signals that both destabilize and stabilize endothelial cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Kulikauskas
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Shaka X
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victoria L Bautch
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Rana S, Prabhakar N. Iron disorders and hepcidin. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:454-468. [PMID: 34755647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element due to its role in a wide variety of physiological processes. Iron homeostasis is crucial to prevent iron overload disorders as well as iron deficiency anemia. The liver synthesized peptide hormone hepcidin is a master regulator of systemic iron metabolism. Given its role in overall health, measurement of hepcidin can be used as a predictive marker in disease states. In addition, hepcidin-targeting drugs appear beneficial as therapeutic agents. This review emphasizes recent development on analytical techniques (immunochemical, mass spectrometry and biosensors) and therapeutic approaches (hepcidin agonists, stimulators and antagonists). These insights highlight hepcidin as a potential biomarker as well as an aid in the development of new drugs for iron disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Nirmal Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Shu DY, Lovicu FJ. Insights into Bone Morphogenetic Protein-(BMP-) Signaling in Ocular Lens Biology and Pathology. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102604. [PMID: 34685584 PMCID: PMC8533954 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a diverse class of growth factors that belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily. Although originally discovered to possess osteogenic properties, BMPs have since been identified as critical regulators of many biological processes, including cell-fate determination, cell proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis, throughout the body. In the ocular lens, BMPs are important in orchestrating fundamental developmental processes such as induction of lens morphogenesis, and specialized differentiation of its fiber cells. Moreover, BMPs have been reported to facilitate regeneration of the lens, as well as abrogate pathological processes such as TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize recent insights in this topic and discuss the complexities of BMP-signaling including the role of individual BMP ligands, receptors, extracellular antagonists and cross-talk between canonical and non-canonical BMP-signaling cascades in the lens. By understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying BMP activity, we can advance their potential therapeutic role in cataract prevention and lens regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y. Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Frank J. Lovicu
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9351-5170
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Song T, Huang D, Song D. The potential regulatory role of BMP9 in inflammatory responses. Genes Dis 2021; 9:1566-1578. [PMID: 36157503 PMCID: PMC9485205 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective response of the body to pathogens and injury. Hence, it is particularly important to explore the pathogenesis and key regulatory factors of inflammation. BMP9 is a unique member of the BMP family, which is widely known for its strong osteogenic potential and insensitivity to the inhibition of BMP3. Recently, several studies have reported an underlying pivotal link between BMP9 and inflammation. What is clear, though not well understood, is that BMP9 plays a role in inflammation in a carefully choreographed manner in different contexts. In this review, we have summarized current studies focusing on BMP9 and inflammation in various tissues and the latest advances in BMP9 expression, signal transduction, and crystal structure to better understand the relationship between BMP9 and inflammation. In addition, we also briefly summarized the inflammatory characteristics of some TGF-β superfamily members to provide better insights and ideas for the study of BMP9 and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, PR China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Dongzhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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Agnew C, Ayaz P, Kashima R, Loving HS, Ghatpande P, Kung JE, Underbakke ES, Shan Y, Shaw DE, Hata A, Jura N. Structural basis for ALK2/BMPR2 receptor complex signaling through kinase domain oligomerization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4950. [PMID: 34400635 PMCID: PMC8368100 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon ligand binding, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors form active tetrameric complexes, comprised of two type I and two type II receptors, which then transmit signals to SMAD proteins. The link between receptor tetramerization and the mechanism of kinase activation, however, has not been elucidated. Here, using hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, combined with analysis of SMAD signaling, we show that the kinase domain of the type I receptor ALK2 and type II receptor BMPR2 form a heterodimeric complex via their C-terminal lobes. Formation of this dimer is essential for ligand-induced receptor signaling and is targeted by mutations in BMPR2 in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We further show that the type I/type II kinase domain heterodimer serves as the scaffold for assembly of the active tetrameric receptor complexes to enable phosphorylation of the GS domain and activation of SMADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Agnew
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Risa Kashima
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hanna S Loving
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Prajakta Ghatpande
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Kung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - Eric S Underbakke
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | | | - David E Shaw
- D. E. Shaw Research, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Akiko Hata
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Smad2/3 Activation Regulates Smad1/5/8 Signaling via a Negative Feedback Loop to Inhibit 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168472. [PMID: 34445177 PMCID: PMC8395197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues (AT) expand in response to energy surplus through adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The latter, also known as adipogenesis, is a process by which multipotent precursors differentiate to form mature adipocytes. This process is directed by developmental cues that include members of the TGF-β family. Our goal here was to elucidate, using the 3T3-L1 adipogenesis model, how TGF-β family growth factors and inhibitors regulate adipocyte development. We show that ligands of the Activin and TGF-β families, several ligand traps, and the SMAD1/5/8 signaling inhibitor LDN-193189 profoundly suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Strikingly, anti-adipogenic traps and ligands engaged the same mechanism of action involving the simultaneous activation of SMAD2/3 and inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 signaling. This effect was rescued by the SMAD2/3 signaling inhibitor SB-431542. By contrast, although LDN-193189 also suppressed SMAD1/5/8 signaling and adipogenesis, its effect could not be rescued by SB-431542. Collectively, these findings reveal the fundamental role of SMAD1/5/8 for 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, and potentially identify a negative feedback loop that links SMAD2/3 activation with SMAD1/5/8 inhibition in adipogenic precursors.
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High-throughput measurements of bone morphogenetic protein/bone morphogenetic protein receptor interactions using biolayer interferometry. Biointerphases 2021; 16:031001. [PMID: 34241280 PMCID: PMC7614001 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are an important family of growth factors playing a role in a large number of physiological and pathological processes, including bone homeostasis, tissue regeneration, and cancers. In vivo, BMPs bind successively to both BMP receptors (BMPRs) of type I and type II, and a promiscuity has been reported. In this study, we used biolayer interferometry to perform parallel real-time biosensing and to deduce the kinetic parameters (ka, kd) and the equilibrium constant (KD) for a large range of BMP/BMPR combinations in similar experimental conditions. We selected four members of the BMP family (BMP-2, 4, 7, 9) known for their physiological relevance and studied their interactions with five type-I BMP receptors (ALK1, 2, 3, 5, 6) and three type-II BMP receptors (BMPR-II, ACTR-IIA, ACTR-IIB). We reveal that BMP-2 and BMP-4 behave differently, especially regarding their kinetic interactions and affinities with the type-II BMPR. We found that BMP-7 has a higher affinity for the type-II BMPR receptor ACTR-IIA and a tenfold lower affinity with the type-I receptors. While BMP-9 has a high and similar affinity for all type-II receptors, it can interact with ALK5 and ALK2, in addition to ALK1. Interestingly, we also found that all BMPs can interact with ALK5. The interaction between BMPs and both type-I and type-II receptors in a ternary complex did not reveal further cooperativity. Our work provides a synthetic view of the interactions of these BMPs with their receptors and paves the way for future studies on their cell-type and receptor specific signaling pathways.
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Gascon S, Jann J, Langlois-Blais C, Plourde M, Lavoie C, Faucheux N. Peptides Derived from Growth Factors to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116071. [PMID: 34199883 PMCID: PMC8200100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive neuron losses in memory-related brain structures. The classical features of AD are a dysregulation of the cholinergic system, the accumulation of amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Unfortunately, current treatments are unable to cure or even delay the progression of the disease. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies have emerged, such as the exogenous administration of neurotrophic factors (e.g., NGF and BDNF) that are deficient or dysregulated in AD. However, their low capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and their exorbitant cost currently limit their use. To overcome these limitations, short peptides mimicking the binding receptor sites of these growth factors have been developed. Such peptides can target selective signaling pathways involved in neuron survival, differentiation, and/or maintenance. This review focuses on growth factors and their derived peptides as potential treatment for AD. It describes (1) the physiological functions of growth factors in the brain, their neuronal signaling pathways, and alteration in AD; (2) the strategies to develop peptides derived from growth factor and their capacity to mimic the role of native proteins; and (3) new advancements and potential in using these molecules as therapeutic treatments for AD, as well as their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Gascon
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jessica Jann
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Chloé Langlois-Blais
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux de l’Estrie–Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 1B1, Canada;
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue, N., Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (N.F.); Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 72732) (C.L.); +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 61343) (N.F.)
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, 2500 Boulevard Université, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (S.G.); (J.J.)
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue, N., Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (N.F.); Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 72732) (C.L.); +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 61343) (N.F.)
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Oliver-Cervelló L, Martin-Gómez H, Mas-Moruno C. New trends in the development of multifunctional peptides to functionalize biomaterials. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3335. [PMID: 34031952 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Improving cell-material interactions is a major goal in tissue engineering. In this regard, functionalization of biomaterials with cell instructive molecules from the extracellular matrix stands out as a powerful strategy to enhance their bioactivity and achieve optimal tissue integration. However, current functionalization strategies, like the use of native full-length proteins, are associated with drawbacks, thus urging the need of developing new methodologies. In this regard, the use of synthetic peptides encompassing specific bioactive regions of proteins represents a promising alternative. In particular, the combination of peptide sequences with complementary or synergistic effects makes it possible to address more than one biological target at the biomaterial surface. In this review, an overview of the main strategies using peptides to install multifunctionality on biomaterials is presented, mostly focusing on the combination of the RGD motif with other peptides sequences. The evolution of these approaches, starting from simple methods, like using peptide mixtures, to more advanced systems of peptide presentation, with very well defined chemical properties, are explained. For each system of peptide's presentation, three main aspects of multifunctionality-improving receptor selectivity, mimicking the extracellular matrix and preventing bacterial colonization while improving cell adhesion-are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Oliver-Cervelló
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Martin-Gómez
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
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48
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New insights into BMP9 signaling in liver diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3591-3600. [PMID: 34019202 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a recently discovered cytokine mainly secreted by the liver and is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that BMP9 is associated with liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and BMP9 signaling may play dual roles in liver diseases. In this review, we mainly summarized and discussed the roles and potential mechanisms of BMP9 signaling in NAFLD, liver fibrosis and HCC. Specifically, this article will provide a better understanding of BMP9 signaling and new clues for the treatment of liver diseases.
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49
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Gorelova A, Berman M, Al Ghouleh I. Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:891-914. [PMID: 32746619 PMCID: PMC8035923 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a process that encompasses extensive transcriptional reprogramming of activated endothelial cells leading to a shift toward mesenchymal cellular phenotypes and functional responses. Initially observed in the context of embryonic development, in the last few decades EndMT is increasingly recognized as a process that contributes to a variety of pathologies in the adult organism. Within the settings of cardiovascular biology, EndMT plays a role in various diseases, including atherosclerosis, heart valvular disease, cardiac fibrosis, and myocardial infarction. EndMT is also being progressively implicated in development and progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This review covers the current knowledge about EndMT in PH and PAH, and provides comprehensive overview of seminal discoveries. Topics covered include evidence linking EndMT to factors associated with PAH development, including hypoxia responses, inflammation, dysregulation of bone-morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2), and redox signaling. This review amalgamates these discoveries into potential insights for the identification of underlying mechanisms driving EndMT in PH and PAH, and discusses future directions for EndMT-based therapeutic strategies in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Gorelova
- Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mariah Berman
- Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Imad Al Ghouleh
- Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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50
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Jiang Q, Li Q, Liu B, Li G, Riedemann G, Gaitantzi H, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Zeng A, Ding H, Xu K. BMP9 promotes methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in non-obese mice by enhancing NF-κB dependent macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107591. [PMID: 33812253 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study confirmed that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) participated in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by affecting macrophage polarization. The focus of this study was to further confirm the role of macrophages in BMP9-mediated NASH and to analyze the underlying mechanism. In vivo, mice that were administered adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors containing a null transgene (AAV-null) or the BMP9 transgene (AAV-BMP9) were divided into methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) and control diet (CD) groups, and they were administered either control liposomes or clodronate liposomes via tail vein injection, the latter to deplete macrophages. The mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks of MCD diet feeding. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with or without BAY11-7085 (an NF-κB inhibitor) and stimulated with recombinant human BMP9 (rh-BMP9). To explore the underlying mechanism of action of BMP9, primary human monocyte-derived macrophages were additionally investigated and immunohistochemistry, biochemical assays, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were used. The characteristics of NASH-related inflammation were assessed by hepatic histological analysis. Serum AST and ALT and hepatic triglyceride were examined by biochemical assays. We found that the expression of M1 macrophage genes (including CD86, IL1β, IL6, MCP-1 and TNFα) and the number of M1 macrophages (iNOS+ macrophages) in the liver were significantly elevated after BMP9 overexpression and BMP9 directly upregulated TLR4 expression in MCD-induced NASH. These effects were eliminated by macrophage depletion. In vitro, we discovered that BMP9 enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB to induce macrophage M1 polarization in RAW264.7 cells and it promoted LPS-mediated activation of the NF-κB pathway in primary human macrophages. Taken together, this study demonstrates that BMP9 promotes NASH development by directly acting on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guixin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gabriel Riedemann
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Haristi Gaitantzi
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany; Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany; Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Ajuan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Keshu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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