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Tang SY, Lordan R, Meng H, Auerbach BJ, Hennessy EJ, Sengupta A, Das US, Joshi R, Marcos-Contreras OA, McConnell R, Grant GR, Ricciotti E, Muzykantov VR, Grosser T, Weiljie AM, FitzGerald GA. Differential Impact In Vivo of Pf4-ΔCre-Mediated and Gp1ba-ΔCre-Mediated Depletion of Cyclooxygenase-1 in Platelets in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1393-1406. [PMID: 38660804 PMCID: PMC11138953 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-dose aspirin is widely used for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The beneficial effects of low-dose aspirin are attributable to its inhibition of platelet Cox (cyclooxygenase)-1-derived thromboxane A2. Until recently, the use of the Pf4 (platelet factor 4) Cre has been the only genetic approach to generating megakaryocyte/platelet ablation of Cox-1 in mice. However, Pf4-ΔCre displays ectopic expression outside the megakaryocyte/platelet lineage, especially during inflammation. The use of the Gp1ba (glycoprotein 1bα) Cre promises a more specific, targeted approach. METHODS To evaluate the role of Cox-1 in platelets, we crossed Pf4-ΔCre or Gp1ba-ΔCre mice with Cox-1flox/flox mice to generate platelet Cox-1-/- mice on normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic (Ldlr-/-; low-density lipoprotein receptor) backgrounds. RESULTS Ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid or adenosine diphosphate in platelet-rich plasma was inhibited to a similar extent in Pf4-ΔCre Cox-1-/-/Ldlr-/- and Gp1ba-ΔCre Cox-1-/-/Ldlr-/- mice. In a mouse model of tail injury, Pf4-ΔCre-mediated and Gp1ba-ΔCre-mediated deletions of Cox-1 were similarly efficient in suppressing platelet prostanoid biosynthesis. Experimental thrombogenesis and attendant blood loss were similar in both models. However, the impact on atherogenesis was divergent, being accelerated in the Pf4-ΔCre mice while restrained in the Gp1ba-ΔCres. In the former, accelerated atherogenesis was associated with greater suppression of PGI2 biosynthesis, a reduction in the lipopolysaccharide-evoked capacity to produce PGE2 (prostaglandin E) and PGD2 (prostanglandin D), activation of the inflammasome, elevated plasma levels of IL-1β (interleukin), reduced plasma levels of HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein receptor-cholesterol), and a reduction in the capacity for reverse cholesterol transport. By contrast, in the latter, plasma HDL-C and α-tocopherol were elevated, and MIP-1α (macrophage inflammatory protein-1α) and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) were reduced. CONCLUSIONS Both approaches to Cox-1 deletion similarly restrain thrombogenesis, but a differential impact on Cox-1-dependent prostanoid formation by the vasculature may contribute to an inflammatory phenotype and accelerated atherogenesis in Pf4-ΔCre mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Yew Tang
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Hu Meng
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin J. Auerbach
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth J. Hennessy
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Arjun Sengupta
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Ujjalkumar S. Das
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Robin Joshi
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ryan McConnell
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory R. Grant
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Aalim M. Weiljie
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania
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Bindal P, Kumar V, Kapil L, Singh C, Singh A. Therapeutic management of ischemic stroke. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2651-2679. [PMID: 37966570 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the third leading cause of years lost due to disability and the second-largest cause of mortality worldwide. Most occurrences of stroke are brought on by the sudden occlusion of an artery (ischemic stroke), but sometimes they are brought on by bleeding into brain tissue after a blood vessel has ruptured (hemorrhagic stroke). Alteplase is the only therapy the American Food and Drug Administration has approved for ischemic stroke under the thrombolysis category. Current views as well as relevant clinical research on the diagnosis, assessment, and management of stroke are reviewed to suggest appropriate treatment strategies. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for the available therapeutic regimes in the past, present, and future. With the advent of endovascular therapy in 2015 and intravenous thrombolysis in 1995, the therapeutic options for ischemic stroke have expanded significantly. A novel approach such as vagus nerve stimulation could be life-changing for many stroke patients. Therapeutic hypothermia, the process of cooling the body or brain to preserve organ integrity, is one of the most potent neuroprotectants in both clinical and preclinical contexts. The rapid intervention has been linked to more favorable clinical results. This study focuses on the pathogenesis of stroke, as well as its recent advancements, future prospects, and potential therapeutic targets in stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bindal
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras Campus, Distt. Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Affiliated to I.K Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
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Bai Z, Zhao Y, Cui C, Yan J, Qin D, Tong J, Peng H, Liu Y, Sun L, Wu X, Li B, Li X. Multifaceted Materials for Enhanced Osteogenesis and Antimicrobial Properties on Bioplastic Polyetheretherketone Surfaces: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17784-17807. [PMID: 38680314 PMCID: PMC11044237 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Implant-associated infections and the increasing number of bone implants loosening and falling off after implantation have become urgent global challenges, hence the need for intelligent alternative solutions to combat implant loosening and falling off. The application of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in biomedical and medical therapy has aroused great interest, especially because its elastic modulus close to bone provides an effective alternative to titanium implants, thereby preventing the possibility of bone implants loosening and falling off due to the mismatch of elastic modulus. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in surface modifications to prevent bone binding deficiency and bacterial infection after implantation of bone implants, starting with inorganics for surface modification, followed by organics that can effectively promote bone integration and antimicrobial action. In addition, surface modifications derived from cells and related products of biological activity have been proposed, and there is increasing evidence of clinical potential. Finally, the advantages and future challenges of surface strategies against medical associated poor osseointegration and infection are discussed, with promising prospects for developing novel osseointegration and antimicrobial PEEK materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Bai
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Chenying Cui
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Danlei Qin
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Hongyi Peng
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Lingxiang Sun
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shanxi
Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- Shanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
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Bao Y, Yang S, Zhao H, Wang Y, Li K, Liu X, Zhang W, Zhu X. A prognostic model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis constructed based on macrophage and mitochondria-related genes. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:176. [PMID: 38609879 PMCID: PMC11015635 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that mitochondrial function and macrophages may play a role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the understanding of the interactions and specific mechanisms between mitochondrial function and macrophages in pulmonary fibrosis is still very limited. METHODS To construct a prognostic model for IPF based on Macrophage- related genes (MaRGs) and Mitochondria-related genes (MitoRGs), differential analysis was performed to achieve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF and Control groups in the GSE28042 dataset. Then, MitoRGs, MaRGs and DEGs were overlapped to screen out the signature genes. The univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were implemented to achieve key genes. Furthermore, the independent prognostic analysis was employed. The ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was employed to further understand the molecular mechanisms of key genes.Next, the immune infiltration analysis was implemented to identify differential immune cells between two risk subgroups. RESULTS There were 4791 DEGs between IPF and Control groups. Furthermore, 26 signature genes were achieved by the intersection processing. Three key genes including ALDH2, MCL1, and BCL2A1 were achieved, and the risk model based on the key genes was created. In addition, a nomogram for survival forecasting of IPF patients was created based on riskScore, Age, and Gender, and we found that key genes were associated with classical pathways including 'Apoptosis Signaling', 'PI3K/AKT Signaling', and so on. Next, two differential immune cells including Monocytes and CD8 T cells were identified between two risk subgroups. Moreover, we found that MIR29B2CHG and hsa-mir-1-3p could regulate the expression of ALDH2. CONCLUSION We achieved 3 key genes including ALDH2, MCL1,, and BCL2A1 associated with IPF, providing a new theoretical basis for clinical treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyuan Yang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Hailan Zhao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Yezhen Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China.
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Kelleher ST, Regan IE, Cox D, Shaw K, Franklin O, Kenny DP, Walsh KP, McMahon CJ. Aspirin Responsiveness in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients with Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Conduits and Transcatheter Valve Replacement Systems. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03449-1. [PMID: 38489091 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the rate of aspirin responsiveness in a cohort of pediatric patients with in situ xenograft valved right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduits and/or transcatheter valve replacements (TVR). Aspirin is routinely prescribed to these patients. Optimizing anti-platelet therapy could promote valve longevity and reduce the risk of infective endocarditis in this at-risk group. This was a prospective, observational study. Patients were recruited from both ward and outpatient settings. Patients were eligible if under 18 years and taking aspirin. Non-response to aspirin was defined as > 20% platelet aggregation using light transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA) and < 50% platelet inhibition by thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEGPM). Participants were invited to provide a confirmatory sample in cases of aspirin resistance and dose adjustments were made. Thirty patients participated. Median age was 9 years (2 months to 18 years). The majority (93%) had complex right ventricular outflow tract pathology. 13 (43%) had an RV-PA conduit and 24 (80%) had a TVR, with valve situated in conduit in 7 (23%) cases. Rate of aspirin non-response on initial testing was 23% (n = 7/30) with median LTA 74.55% (60-76%) and TEG 13.25% (0-44%) in non-responders. Non-responders were more likely to be under 1 year. Two patients required dose increases and one patient non-adherence to dose was identified. Four patients on repeat testing were responsive to aspirin by laboratory tests. The rate of aspirin non-response on laboratory testing in this cohort of patients was 23% and resulted in therapeutic intervention in 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Kelleher
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Irene E Regan
- Department of Coagulation/Haematology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot Cox
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathryn Shaw
- Department of Paediatric Pharmacy, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Franklin
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Damien P Kenny
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin P Walsh
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin J McMahon
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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Yu Y, Yang D, Wang Q, Li J. Association between pre-ICU aspirin administration and ARDS mortality in the MIMIC-IV database: A cohort study. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2024; 85:102288. [PMID: 38460725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2024.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition with high mortality and morbidity rates. Evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for ARDS treatment is limited. Recent studies suggest that aspirin may prevent ARDS development, but its efficacy in established ARDS is uncertain. METHODS We enrolled patients with ARDS using data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Primary outcomes were 30- and 90-day mortality rates and length of ICU stay. We employed multivariable Cox regression and linear regression models for statistical analysis and used propensity score matching (PSM) to ensure robust results. RESULTS The study included 10,042 participants with an average age of 61.8 ± 15.3 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower 30- and 90-day mortality rates in patients treated with pre-ICU admission aspirin compared with non-aspirin use (p < 0.0001). Multivariable Cox regression models revealed a significant 63% reduction in 30-day mortality for pre-ICU aspirin users (HR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.31-0.44, p < 0.001). Aspirin use in the ICU was associated with a 59% reduction in ICU mortality and a 0.68-day reduction in length of ICU stay (p < 0.05). These findings consistently indicate that aspirin may improve survival in patients with ARDS, even after further stratification of aspirin use and PSM analysis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that aspirin treatment before ICU admission is associated with significantly reduced 30- and 90-day mortality rates and decreased length of ICU stay in patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Dengcan Yang
- Anesthesiology Department, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530022, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Khan M, Nizamani A, Shah L, Ullah I, Waqas M, Halim SA, Ataya FS, Elgazzar AM, Batiha GES, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Utilizing the drug repurposing strategy on current drugs: new leads for peptic ulcers via biochemical and biomolecular dynamics studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38225797 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2302926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The hyperactivity of urease enzymes plays a crucial role in the development of hepatic coma, hepatic encephalopathy, urolithiasis, gastric and peptic ulcers. Additionally, these enzymes adversely impact the soil's nitrogen efficiency for crop production. In the current study 100 known drugs were tested against Jack Bean urease and Proteus mirabilis urease and identified three inhibitors i.e. terbutaline (compound 1), Ketoprofen (compound 2) and norepinephrine bitartrate (compound 3). As a result, these compounds showed excellent inhibition against Jack Bean urease i.e. (IC50 = 2.1-11.3 µM), and Proteus mirabilis urease (4.8-11.9 µM). Moreover, in silico studies demonstrate maximum interactions of compounds in the enzyme's active site. Furthermore, intermolecular interactions between compounds and enzyme atoms were examined using STD-NMR spectrophotometry. In parallel, molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to study compounds dynamic behavior within the urease binding region. Urease remained stable during most of the simulation time and ligands were bound in the protein active pocket as observed from the Root mean square deviation (RMSD) and ligand RMSD analyses. Furthermore, these compounds display interactions with the crucial residues, including His492 and Asp633, in 100 ns simulations. In the binding energy analysis, norepinephrine bitartrate exhibited the highest binding energy (-76.32 kcal/mol) followed by Ketoprofen (-65.56 kcal/mol) and terbutaline (-62.15 kcal/mol), as compared to acetohydroxamic acid (-52.86 kcal/mol). The current findings highlight the potential of drug repurposing as an effective approach for identifying novel anti-urease compounds.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Totakan, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Nizamani
- Muhammad Medical College, Ibn-e-Sina University, Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra,Pakistan
| | - Imran Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra,Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Elgazzar
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Yuan C, Liu S, Yang K, Xie F, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhao W, Zhang J, Cheng Z. Causal association between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 14:1180905. [PMID: 38250575 PMCID: PMC10797121 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1180905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease are both common life-threatening diseases in the elderly population. Some studies suggest a possible inverse relationship between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease, but real-world research is subject to many biases. We hope to clarify the causal relationship between the two through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods: In our study, we used genetic summary data from large-scale genome-wide association studies to investigate the relationship between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Our primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted method and we also used complementary techniques, including MR-Egger, weighted median estimator, and Maximum likelihood. We applied simex adjustment to the MR-Egger results. We also utilized the MRlap package to detect potential sample overlap and its impact on the bias of the results. In addition, we performed several sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses, to ensure the reliability of our results. Results: The combined effect size results of the inverse-variance weighted method indicate that colorectal cancer may decrease the incidence of Alzheimer's disease, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.846 (95% CI: 0.762-0.929). Similar results were observed using other methods such as MR-Egger, weighted median estimator, and Maximum likelihood. On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease may slightly increase the incidence of colorectal cancer, with an OR of 1.014 (95% CI: 1.001-1.027). However, the results of one subgroup were not significant, and the results from MRlap indicated that sample overlap introduced bias into the results. Therefore, the results of the reverse validation are not reliable. The F-statistic for all SNPs was greater than 20. Four SNPs related to the outcome were excluded using Phenoscanner website but the adjustment did not affect the overall direction of the results. The results of these statistics were further validated by MR-PRESSO, funnel plots, leave-one-out analyses, Cochran's Q, demonstrating the reliability of the findings. Conclusion: According to the findings of this Mendelian randomization study, there appears to be a causal association between colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. These results could have important implications for clinical practice in terms of how colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease are treated. To better understand the relationship between these two diseases, more research and screening are needed in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Yuan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Saisai Liu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyu Xie
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Oncology Department, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Oncology Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medicine University, Beijing, China
| | - Yantong Guo
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Huynh NC, Nguyen TTT, Nguyen DTC, Tran TV. Occurrence, toxicity, impact and removal of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165317. [PMID: 37419350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most frequently used pharmaceuticals for human therapy, pet therapeutics, and veterinary feeds, enabling them to enter into water sources such as wastewater, soil and sediment, and seawater. The control of NSAIDs has led to the advent of the novel materials for treatment techniques. Herein, we review the occurrence, impact and toxicity of NSAIDs against aquatic microorganisms, plants and humans. Typical NSAIDs, e.g., ibuprofen, ketoprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and aspirin were detected at high concentrations in wastewater up to 2,747,000 ng L-1. NSAIDs in water could cause genotoxicity, endocrine disruption, locomotive disorders, body deformations, organs damage, and photosynthetic corruption. Considering treatment methods, among adsorbents for removal of NSAIDs from water, metal-organic frameworks (10.7-638 mg g-1) and advanced porous carbons (7.4-400 mg g-1) were the most robust. Therefore, these carbon-based adsorbents showed promise in efficiency for the treatment of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Chi Huynh
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam; Faculty of Science, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Science, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Van Tran
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam.
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10
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Xie Z, Zhou H, Qiu Z, Fan Z, Yang W, Zhang J, Wang Y, Ye Y. Association between 23 drugs and Parkinson's disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3225. [PMID: 37654024 PMCID: PMC10636399 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative nervous system disease. At present, there are certain limitations in various treatment options aimed at preventing or delaying the progression of PD. Therefore, the exploration of new drugs for PD is beneficial. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can be used to explore the association between drugs and diseases. In this study, MR analysis was adopted to investigate the causal relationship between 23 drugs and PD. These drugs have been approved for the treatment of different diseases, such as salicylic acid and derivatives (collectively called salicylates, e.g., aspirin, used for fever and pain relief), antithrombotic agents (e.g., warfarin, aspirin, used for preventing thrombotic events). METHODS The GWAS data for the 23 drugs were obtained from the UK Biobank (UKB) project, while the GWAS data for PD were sourced from FinnGen. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). We first performed a series of quality control steps (including MR-PRESSO) to select the appropriate SNPs. Two-sample MR analysis was performed using five different methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW) with random-effects model, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple model, and weighted model. At the same time, sensitivity analysis was carried out using the MR-Egger and Cochran's Q test to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the results. RESULTS In MR-PRESSO, salicylates and antithrombotic agents showed statistically significant associations with PD, respectively. In the main MR analysis (IVW), there was a negative causal relationship between salicylates and PD (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54-0.98, p = .039). Similarly, there was a negative causal relationship between antithrombotic agents and PD (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.52-0.96, p = .027). No statistically significant association was found between the remaining 21 drugs and PD. CONCLUSION This MR study demonstrated that salicylates and antithrombotic agents can reduce the risk of PD, thus providing a novel avenue for future drug exploration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xie
- Department of Clinical MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Haobin Zhou
- Department of Clinical MedicineThe First Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Ziyu Qiu
- Department of Clinical MedicineThe Third Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Zhongxi Fan
- Department of Clinical MedicineThe Third Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Weisheng Yang
- Department of NursingThe Nursing College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jingbai Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yezhong Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yongyi Ye
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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11
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Gao L, Wang W, Wang H, Xu Z, Zhou S, Geng Z, Fu S, Xie C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Gong F. The safety and effectiveness of clopidogrel versus aspirin in Kawasaki disease with mild-to-moderate liver injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18324. [PMID: 37884573 PMCID: PMC10603134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease can be combined with liver injury. As a mainstay treatment for Kawasaki disease, aspirin may cause liver injury. This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of clopidogrel versus aspirin in Kawasaki disease with mild-to-moderate liver injury. This study retrospectively analysed 166 children with Kawasaki disease combined with mild-to-moderate liver injury. The children treated with clopidogrel were less likely to have aggravated liver injury than those treated with aspirin (n = 2/100 vs. n = 13/66, P < 0.001). The initial alanine aminotransferase value of the clopidogrel group was higher (131.5 [98.5, 167.5] vs. 96 [72, 133], P < 0.001), while the time of alanine aminotransferase recovery to normal was similar (5 [4, 7] vs. 4 [3, 7], P = 0.179). No significant fever differences observed between groups: 7.5 [6, 9] for aspirin vs. 7 [6, 8] for clopidogrel group, P = 0.064. The probability of nonresponse to intravenous immunoglobulin (n = 29/100 vs. n = 30/66, P = 0.030) and the days of hospitalization (n = 6 [4, 9] vs. n = 7 [5, 10], P = 0.007) in the clopidogrel group were less than those in the aspirin group. In conclusion, the application of clopidogrel is potentially superior to aspirin in Kawasaki disease combined with mild-to-moderate liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhufei Xu
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shulai Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Songling Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangqi Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Kosmas CE, Bousvarou MD, Papakonstantinou EJ, Tsamoulis D, Koulopoulos A, Echavarria Uceta R, Guzman E, Rallidis LS. Novel Pharmacological Therapies for the Management of Hyperlipoproteinemia(a). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13622. [PMID: 37686428 PMCID: PMC10487774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, predisposing to major cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease, stroke, aortic valve calcification and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Lp(a) is differentiated from other lipoprotein molecules through apolipoprotein(a), which possesses atherogenic and antithrombolytic properties attributed to its structure. Lp(a) levels are mostly genetically predetermined and influenced by the size of LPA gene variants, with smaller isoforms resulting in a greater synthesis rate of apo(a) and, ultimately, elevated Lp(a) levels. As a result, serum Lp(a) levels may highly vary from extremely low to extremely high. Hyperlipoproteinemia(a) is defined as Lp(a) levels > 30 mg/dL in the US and >50 mg/dL in Europe. Because of its association with CVD, Lp(a) levels should be measured at least once a lifetime in adults. The ultimate goal is to identify individuals with increased risk of CVD and intervene accordingly. Traditional pharmacological interventions like niacin, statins, ezetimibe, aspirin, PCSK-9 inhibitors, mipomersen, estrogens and CETP inhibitors have not yet yielded satisfactory results. The mean Lp(a) reduction, if any, is barely 50% for all agents, with statins increasing Lp(a) levels, whereas a reduction of 80-90% appears to be required to achieve a significant decrease in major cardiovascular events. Novel RNA-interfering agents that specifically target hepatocytes are aimed in this direction. Pelacarsen is an antisense oligonucleotide, while olpasiran, LY3819469 and SLN360 are small interfering RNAs, all conjugated with a N-acetylgalactosamine molecule. Their ultimate objective is to genetically silence LPA, reduce apo(a) production and lower serum Lp(a) levels. Evidence thus so far demonstrates that monthly subcutaneous administration of a single dose yields optimal results with persisting substantial reductions in Lp(a) levels, potentially enhancing CVD risk reduction. The Lp(a) reduction achieved with novel RNA agents may exceed 95%. The results of ongoing and future clinical trials are eagerly anticipated, and it is hoped that guidelines for the tailored management of Lp(a) levels with these novel agents may not be far off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine E. Kosmas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA;
- Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited, PC, New York, NY 10033, USA;
| | - Maria D. Bousvarou
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 710 03 Heraklion, Greece; (M.D.B.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Donatos Tsamoulis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital of Eleusis, 196 00 Athens, Greece;
| | - Andreas Koulopoulos
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 710 03 Heraklion, Greece; (M.D.B.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Eliscer Guzman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA;
- Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited, PC, New York, NY 10033, USA;
| | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON, 124 62 Athens, Greece;
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Xie X, Kou L, Chen X, Yuan P, Li J, Li Y. Association of Aspirin with Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Neuroepidemiology 2023; 57:197-205. [PMID: 37552967 DOI: 10.1159/000533283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the effect of aspirin in preventing dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is controversial. Clarifying their association is of interest for subsequent relevant clinical trials. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were searched from inception to May 12, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that explored the effects between aspirin and dementia or MCI. Two reviewers independently extracted and analyzed data using Stata software. Discrepancy was resolved by a third reviewer. The primary outcomes were dementia and MCI. The secondary outcomes were cognitive decline and changes in cognitive scores. RESULTS Five RCTs with 46,804 participants at randomization were included. For the primary outcomes, low-certainty evidence showed that aspirin was not associated with dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.85, 1.03], p > 0.05, I2 = 0%) or MCI (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: [0.88, 1.14], p > 0.05, I2 = 3.3%). For the secondary outcomes, moderate-certainty evidence showed that aspirin was not associated with cognitive decline (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: [0.93, 1.11], p > 0.05, I2 = 0%) and a change in global cognitive score (standard mean difference [SMD] = -0.01, 95% CI: [-0.03, 0.02], p > 0.05, I2 = 0%). Low-certainty evidence showed that aspirin was not associated with a change in verbal learning memory score (SMD = -0.04, 95% CI: [-0.09, 0.01], p > 0.05; I2 = 72.5%). CONCLUSIONS Low- and moderate-certainty evidence showed that aspirin was not associated with dementia, MCI, cognitive decline, or better cognitive scores. Future research may need to focus more on subtypes of dementia, mainly vascular dementia or other vascular neurocognitive diseases, and assess whether aspirin has long-term clinical benefits in a large sample of patients with dementia or MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,
| | - Liqiu Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yaling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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14
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Wang L, Hu Z, Chen C, Chen T, Yao Z, Li W, Yang Z. Low-dose aspirin can inhibit exosomal release induced by radiotherapy in breast cancer and attenuate its inhibitory effect on NK cell proliferation. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16386-16404. [PMID: 37392173 PMCID: PMC10469664 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) seriously threatens women's health. Aspirin plays a key role in the treatment and prognosis of BC. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of low-dose aspirin on BC radiotherapy through the mechanism of exosomes and natural killer (NK) cells. METHODS BC cells were injected into the left chest wall to establish a BC model in nude mice. Tumor morphology and size were observed. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 was used to observe the proliferation of tumor cells. TUNEL was used to detect the apoptosis of cancer cells. Protein levels of exosomal biogenesis- and secretion-related genes (Rab 11, Rab27a, Rab27b, CD63, and Alix) were detected by Western blot. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. Transwell assays were used to detect cell migration. A clonogenic assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Exosomes of BT549 and 4T1-Luc cells were extracted and observed by electron microscopy. After the coculture of exosomes and NK cells, the activity of NK cells was detected by CCK-8. RESULTS The protein expression of genes related to exosomal genesis and secretion (Rab 11, Rab27a, Rab27b, CD63, and Alix) in BT549 and 4T1-Luc cells was upregulated under radiotherapy treatment. Low doses of aspirin inhibited exosome release from BT549 and 4T1-Luc cells and alleviated the inhibitory effect of BC cell exosomes on NK cell proliferation. In addition, knocking down Rab27a reduced the protein levels of exosome-related and secretion-related genes in BC cells, further enhancing the promotive effect of aspirin on NK cell proliferation, while overexpressing Rab27a had the opposite effect. Aspirin was combined at a radiotherapeutic dose of 10 Gy to enhance the radiotherapy sensitivity of radiotherapy-tolerant BC cells (BT549R and 4T1-LucR). Animal experiments have also verified that aspirin can promote the killing effect of radiotherapy on cancer cells and significantly inhibit tumor growth. CONCLUSION Low doses of aspirin can inhibit the release of BC exosomes induced by radiotherapy and weaken their inhibition of NK cell proliferation, promoting radiotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of RadiotherapyThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
| | - Zaoxiu Hu
- Department of PathologyThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyKunmingChina
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Nuclear MedicineThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of RadiotherapyThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingChina
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15
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Lushchak O, Schosserer M, Grillari J. Senopathies-Diseases Associated with Cellular Senescence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:966. [PMID: 37371545 PMCID: PMC10296713 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence describes a stable cell cycle arrest state with a characteristic phenotype. Senescent cells accumulate in the human body during normal aging, limiting the lifespan and promoting aging-related, but also several non-related, pathologies. We propose to refer to all diseases whose pathogenesis or progression is associated with cellular senescence as "senopathies". Targeting senescent cells with senolytics or senomorphics is likely to mitigate these pathologies. Examples of senopathies include cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, liver, kidney, and lung diseases and neurodegeneration. For all these pathologies, animal studies provide clear mechanistic evidence for a connection between senescent cell accumulation and disease progression. The major persisting challenge in developing novel senotherapies is the heterogeneity of senescence phenotypes, causing a lack of universal biomarkers and difficulties in discriminating senescent from non-senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Lushchak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University, 76000 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Cronin SJF, Andrews NA, Latremoliere A. Peripheralized sepiapterin reductase inhibition as a safe analgesic therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1173599. [PMID: 37251335 PMCID: PMC10213231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1173599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel analgesics for chronic pain in the last 2 decades has proven virtually intractable, typically failing due to lack of efficacy and dose-limiting side effects. Identified through unbiased gene expression profiling experiments in rats and confirmed by human genome-wide association studies, the role of excessive tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in chronic pain has been validated by numerous clinical and preclinical studies. BH4 is an essential cofactor for aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, nitric oxide synthases, and alkylglycerol monooxygenase so a lack of BH4 leads to a range of symptoms in the periphery and central nervous system (CNS). An ideal therapeutic goal therefore would be to block excessive BH4 production, while preventing potential BH4 rundown. In this review, we make the case that sepiapterin reductase (SPR) inhibition restricted to the periphery (i.e., excluded from the spinal cord and brain), is an efficacious and safe target to alleviate chronic pain. First, we describe how different cell types that engage in BH4 overproduction and contribute to pain hypersensitivity, are themselves restricted to peripheral tissues and show their blockade is sufficient to alleviate pain. We discuss the likely safety profile of peripherally restricted SPR inhibition based on human genetic data, the biochemical alternate routes of BH4 production in various tissues and species, and the potential pitfalls to predictive translation when using rodents. Finally, we propose and discuss possible formulation and molecular strategies to achieve peripherally restricted, potent SPR inhibition to treat not only chronic pain but other conditions where excessive BH4 has been demonstrated to be pathological.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nick A. Andrews
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alban Latremoliere
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Neurosurgery Pain Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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17
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Shi Y, Zhang R, Da N, Wang Y, Yang J, Li B, He X. Aspirin loaded extracellular vesicles inhibit inflammation of macrophages via switching metabolic phenotype in periodontitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:25-33. [PMID: 37207561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Changes of macrophage in the local immune microenvironment of periodontitis cause alveolar bone resorption. This study aims to investigate the effect of a new drug delivery method of aspirin on the immune microenvironment of periodontitis to promote alveolar bone repair, and to explore mechanism of aspirin's effect on macrophage. METHODS We isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from periodontal stem cells (PDLSCs) and loaded with aspirin by sonication, and then evaluated the treatment efficacy of aspirin-loaded vesicles (EVs-ASP) in periodontitis model in mice. In vitro, we explored the role of EVs-ASP in the regulation of LPS-induced macrophages. The underlying mechanism by which EVs-ASP regulates phenotypic remodeling of macrophages in periodontitis was further investigated. RESULTS EVs-ASP inhibited the inflammatory environment of LPS-induced macrophage, and promoted anti-inflammatory macrophages formation both in vivo and in vitro, and reduced bone loss in periodontitis models. Moreover, EVs-ASP enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and suppressed glycolysis in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, EVs-ASP improves the periodontal immune microenvironment by enhancing oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in macrophages, resulting in a certain degree of regeneration of alveolar bone height. Our study provides a new potential strategy for bone repair in periodontitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningning Da
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Huang S, Zhang NQ, Xu CJ, Huang WQ, Li DX, Li J, Yao LL, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Jiang SH, Xing X, Hu LP, Zhang ZG, Ji J, Zhang XL. Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00789-7. [PMID: 36939950 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole. METHODS Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apcmin/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Nai-Qi Zhang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chun-Jie Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wu-Qing Huang
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Shu-Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xing
- Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, No. 6600, Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Li-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Xue-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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19
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Liu T, Zuo R, Wang J, Huangtao Z, Wang B, Sun L, Wang S, Li B, Zhu Z, Pan Y. Cardiovascular disease preventive effects of aspirin combined with different statins in the United States general population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4585. [PMID: 36941404 PMCID: PMC10027662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of aspirin in conjunction with various statins for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in the general population of the United States (U.S.). A total of 3778 people from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2011 to 2018 were included in our analysis. After adjusting for sociodemographic and common cardiovascular risk factors, we used multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine aspirin should be combined with which type of statin for better CVD preventive effects. Subgroup analyses were carried out subsequently. In comparison to the aspirin use alone, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for CVD were 0.43 (0.33, 0.57), 0.69 (0.42, 1.13), 0.44 (0.31, 0.62), 0.34 (0.23, 0.50) and 0.64 (0.49, 0.84) for the combination use of aspirin and atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin as well as simvastatin, respectively, in the fully-adjusted model. Aspirin combined with rosuvastatin was more effective in the prevention of individual CVD, including congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and heart attack, than aspirin combined with other statins. In conclusion, statins combined with aspirin have a clear advantage over aspirin alone in preventing CVD. In addition, when various sex, age, and fitness levels were considered, as well as with and without diabetes mellitus, the combination usage of aspirin and rosuvastatin had the greatest CVD preventive effects than aspirin coupled with other statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Ronghua Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Huangtao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 57119, Hainan, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Lifang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Baoyin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Zhijian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Yesheng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201500, China.
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20
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Basha NJ. Small Molecules as Anti‐inflammatory Agents: Molecular Mechanisms and Heterocycles as Inhibitors of Signaling Pathways. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Jeelan Basha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous Bengaluru Karnataka-560043 India
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21
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Zhang L, Pitcher LE, Prahalad V, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. Targeting cellular senescence with senotherapeutics: senolytics and senomorphics. FEBS J 2023; 290:1362-1383. [PMID: 35015337 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The concept of geroscience is that since ageing is the greatest risk factor for many diseases and conditions, targeting the ageing process itself will have the greatest impact on human health. Of the hallmarks of ageing, cellular senescence has emerged as a druggable therapeutic target for extending healthspan in model organisms. Cellular senescence is a cell state of irreversible proliferative arrest driven by different types of stress, including oncogene-induced stress. Many senescent cells (SnCs) develop a senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) comprising pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases, bioactive lipids, inhibitory molecules, extracellular vesicles, metabolites, lipids and other factors, able to promote chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction. SnCs up-regulate senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs) that prevent them from dying despite the accumulation of damage to DNA and other organelles. These SCAPs and other pathways altered in SnCs represent therapeutic targets for the development of senotherapeutic drugs that induce selective cell death of SnCs, specifically termed senolytics or suppress markers of senescence, in particular the SASP, termed senomorphics. Here, we review the current state of the development of senolytics and senomorphics for the treatment of age-related diseases and disorders and extension of healthy longevity. In addition, the challenges of documenting senolytic and senomorphic activity in pre-clinical models and the current state of the clinical application of the different senotherapeutics will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Louise E Pitcher
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vaishali Prahalad
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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22
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Liu Q, Dong S, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Dong B, Shen J, Yang K, Li L, Zhu D. Effects of Long-Term Intervention with Losartan, Aspirin and Atorvastatin on Vascular Remodeling in Juvenile Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041844. [PMID: 36838830 PMCID: PMC9965824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension in adolescents is associated with adverse cardiac and vascular events. In addition to lowering blood pressure, it is not clear whether pharmacological therapy in early life can improve vascular remodeling. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term administration of losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin on vascular remodeling in juvenile spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin were administered via gavage at doses of 20, 10, and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively, on SHRs aged 6-22 weeks. Paraffin sections of the blood vessels were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Sirius Red to evaluate the changes in the vascular structure and the accumulation of different types of collagen. The plasma levels of renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neutrophil elastase (NE) were determined using ELISA kits. After the 16-week treatment with losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin, the wall thickness of the thoracic aorta and carotid artery decreased. The integrity of the elastic fibers in the tunica media was maintained in an orderly manner, and collagen deposition in the adventitia was retarded. The plasma levels of renin, ALD, ET-1, IL-6, and NE in the SHRs also decreased. These findings suggest that losartan, aspirin, and atorvastatin could improve vascular remodeling beyond their antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects. Many aspects of the protection provided by pharmacological therapy are important for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Core Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Core Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Kang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Linsen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-158-1089-2058 (D.Z.)
| | - Dan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-158-1089-2058 (D.Z.)
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23
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Ashraaf S, Tahir HM, Raza C, Awad EM, Ali S, Khan SY, Barisani-Asenbauer T. Synergistic Effect of Silk Sericin and Curcumin to Treat an Inflammatory Condition. J Burn Care Res 2023; 44:106-113. [PMID: 36269798 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation-related diseases are recognized as the major cause of morbidity around the globe. In this study, the anti-inflammatory potential of sericin, curcumin, and their mixture was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Edema was induced via 1% carrageenan and then sericin (0.03, 0.06, 0.09 mg/ml), curcumin (1%, 2%, 3%), and their mixture doses were applied topically. The paw circumference and thickness were measured after 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-hour post-carrageenan injection. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were measured from the serum. In mice fibroblast cells, sericin (20, 40, 60 μg/ml), curcumin (5, 10, 20 μM), and mixture concentrations were applied and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Afterward, the cells were used for the analysis of gene expression, and the supernatant was collected for protein expression of IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10. Our results demonstrated that sericin and curcumin caused a dose-dependent reduction in edema, whereas the mixture-treated group reduced the paw thickness and circumference most significantly (p = .0001). Furthermore, the mixture treatment of carrageenan-inflicted group increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 (650.87 pg/ml) and IL-10 (183.14 pg/ml), in comparison to the carrageenan control. The in vitro data revealed that among all the treatment doses, the mixture-treated group has effectively reduced the gene (1.13-fold) and protein (51.9 pg/ml) expression of IL-1β in comparison to McCoy cells stimulated with LPS. Moreover, mixture treatment elevated the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 at genes (4.3-fold and 3.7-fold, respectively) and protein levels (169.33 and 141.83 pg/ml, respectively). The current study reports the enhanced anti-inflammatory effects of the mixture of curcumin and sericin through modulating expressions of interleukins in vitro and in vivo. Thus, natural products (curcumin and sericin)-based formulations have greater potential for clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehrish Ashraaf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Chand Raza
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ezzat M Awad
- Center of Ocular Inflammation and Infection, Laura Bassi Centres of Expertise (OCUVAC), Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine [ISPTM], Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology (CePII), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafaat Yar Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Talin Barisani-Asenbauer
- Center of Ocular Inflammation and Infection, Laura Bassi Centres of Expertise (OCUVAC), Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine [ISPTM], Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology (CePII), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Du Y, Chen X, Zhang B, Jin X, Wan Z, Zhan M, Yan J, Zhang P, Ke P, Huang X, Han L, Zhang Q. Identification of Copper Metabolism Related Biomarkers, Polygenic Prediction Model, and Potential Therapeutic Agents in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:1481-1496. [PMID: 37694370 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying pathogenic genes and effective therapeutic agents of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still elusive. Meanwhile, abnormal copper metabolism is observed in AD brains of both human and mouse models. OBJECTIVE To investigate copper metabolism-related gene biomarkers for AD diagnosis and therapy. METHODS The AD datasets and copper metabolism-related genes (CMGs) were downloaded from GEO and GeneCards database, respectively. Differentially expressed CMGs (DE-CMGs) performed through Limma, functional enrichment analysis and the protein-protein interaction were used to identify candidate key genes by using CytoHubba. And these candidate key genes were utilized to construct a prediction model by logistic regression analysis for AD early diagnosis. Furthermore, ROC analysis was conducted to identify a single gene with AUC values greater than 0.7 by GSE5281. Finally, the single gene biomarker was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in AD clinical samples. Additionally, immune cell infiltration in AD samples and potential therapeutic drugs targeting the identified biomarkers were further explored. RESULTS A polygenic prediction model for AD based on copper metabolism was established by the top 10 genes, which demonstrated good diagnostic performance (AUC values). COX11, LDHA, ATOX1, SCO1, and SOD1 were identified as blood biomarkers for AD early diagnosis. 20 agents targeting biomarkers were retrieved from DrugBank database, some of which have been proven effective for the treatment of AD. CONCLUSIONS The five blood biomarkers and copper metabolism-associated model can differentiate AD patients from non-demented individuals and aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Peifeng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiao Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Yang J, Wang K, Han C, Liu Q, Zhang S, Wu J, Jiang P, Yang S, Guo R, Mo S, Yang Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Wang S. Preoperative antiplatelet therapy may be a risk factor for postoperative ischemic complications in intracranial hemorrhage patients. Int J Neurosci 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36503400 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2157724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) patients are still at risk of postoperative ischemic complications (PICs) after surgery. In addition, the proportion of patients receiving antiplatelet therapy (APT) in ICH patients increased significantly with age. This study aims to evaluate the impact of preoperative antiplatelet therapy on PICs in ICH patients. METHODS This is a cohort study that retrospectively analyzed the data of ICH patients who underwent surgical treatment. PICs rate was compared between patients with preoperative ATP and those without preoperative ATP. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of preoperative APT on PICs. In addition, Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the impact of PICs on patients' postoperative outcomes was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 216 patients were included in this study. There were 47 patients (21.76%) with preoperative APT; 169 patients (78.24%) without preoperative APT. The incidence of PICs in the APT group was significantly higher when compared with that in the nAPT group (36.17% vs. 20.71%, p = 0.028<0.05). Furthermore, significant differences were both observed in multivariate analysis (p = 0.035<0.05) and survival analysis (log rank χ2 = 5.415, p = 0.020<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the outcomes of patients suffering from PICs and that of patients not suffering from PICs (p = 0.377 > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, preoperative APT may be a risk factor for PICs in ICH patients undergoing surgical treatment significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Han
- Qingdao Central Hospital Group, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pengjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhe Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
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26
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Abdelghany L, Kawabata T, Goto S, Jingu K, Li TS. Nicaraven induces programmed cell death by distinct mechanisms according to the expression levels of Bcl-2 and poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase in cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101548. [PMID: 36206675 PMCID: PMC9535466 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The PARP-1 expression level and poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation activity in cancer markedly affect the therapeutic outcome. Nicaraven, a free radical scavenger has been found to inhibit PARP, but the effect on cancer cells is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential role and molecular mechanism of nicaraven on cancer cells. Using U937 lymphoma cells and HCT-8 colorectal cancer cells, we found that nicaraven moderately reduced the cell viability of both cells in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, nicaraven significantly induced apoptosis of U937 cells that are dominantly expressing Bcl-2 but induced PAR-dependent cell death (parthanatos) of HCT-8 cells that are highly expressing poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Based on our data, nicaraven seems to induce programmed cell death through distinct mechanisms, according to the expression levels of Bcl-2 and PARG in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Abdelghany
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawabata
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shinji Goto
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Keiichi Jingu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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27
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Fijałkowski Ł, Skubiszewska M, Grześk G, Koech FK, Nowaczyk A. Acetylsalicylic Acid-Primus Inter Pares in Pharmacology. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238412. [PMID: 36500502 PMCID: PMC9738180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the first drugs to be obtained by synthesis while being the most used. It has experienced the longest lasting commercial success and is considered the most popular drug of the modern era. ASA, originally used as an anti-inflammatory medication, nowadays is predominantly used as an antiplatelet agent for prophylaxis in cardiac patients. Many studies show that the benefits of using ASA far outweigh the potential risk of side effects. With particular emphasis on the possibility of ASA repositioning for new therapies, extending the indications for use beyond the diseases from the spectrum of atherosclerotic diseases, such as cancer, requires shifting the benefit-risk ratio, although very good, even more towards safety. Interesting activities consisting not only of changing the formulation but also modifying the drug molecule seem to be an important goal of the 21st century. ASA has become a milestone in two important fields: pharmacy and medicine. For a pharmacist, ASA is a long-used drug for which individual indications are practically maintained. For a doctor, acetylsalicylic acid is primarily an antiplatelet drug that saves millions of lives of patients with coronary heart disease or after a stroke. These facts do not exempt us from improving therapeutic methods based on ASA, the main goal of which is to reduce the risk of side effects, as well as to extend effectiveness. Modified acetylsalicylic acid molecules already seem to be a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Fijałkowski
- Department of Pharmacometrics and Molecular Modeling, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 dr. A. Jurasza St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skubiszewska
- Department of Pharmacometrics and Molecular Modeling, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 dr. A. Jurasza St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Grześk
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 75 Ujejskiego St., 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Alicja Nowaczyk
- Department of Pharmacometrics and Molecular Modeling, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 dr. A. Jurasza St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-52-585-3904
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Shen Q, Chen Q, Liu Y, Xue X, Shen X, He Q, Wang G, Han F. Aspirin relieves the calcification of aortic smooth muscle cells by enhancing the heat shock response. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:17-24. [PMID: 34846265 PMCID: PMC8635617 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2007268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vascular calcification is a major complication of chronic renal failure, which has been identified as an active process partly driven by osteogenic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Aspirin could prevent cardiomyocyte damage by inducing heat shock response. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effect of aspirin on alleviating VSMC calcification. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vitro VSMC calcification model was established by 10-day calcification induction in osteogenic medium. VSMCs were grouped as following: control group (normal medium), calcified group (osteogenic medium) and treated group (osteogenic medium with 1 or 4 mmol/L aspirin). VSMC calcification was evaluated by calcified nodules formation, intracellular calcium concentration and osteoblastic marker (OPN and Runx2) expression. RESULTS After 10-day culture, the intracellular calcium concentration in calcified group was significantly higher than that in control group (1.16 ± 0.04 vs. 0.14 ± 0.01 μg/mg, p < 0.01), but significantly reduced in 1 mmol/L aspirin treated group (0.74 ± 0.05 μg/mg, p < 0.01), and 4 mmol/L aspirin treated group (0.93 ± 0.03 μg/mg, p < 0.01). The elevated expression of OPN and Runx2 induced by osteogenic medium was significantly relieved after 1 or 4 mmol/L aspirin treatment. The expression of HSF1, HSP70 and HSP90 was decreased in calcification-induced VSMCs, but significantly increased after treatment of aspirin. Furthermore, inhibition of HSP70 (or HSP90) by small-molecule inhibitor or small interfering RNA could partially abolish the anti-calcification effect of aspirin, proved by the changes of intracellular calcium concentration and osteoblastic marker expression. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Aspirin could relieve the calcification of VSMCs partially through HSP70- or HSP90-mediated heat shock response. These findings expanded the understanding of aspirin pharmacology, and imply that local induction expression of HSPs might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and therapy of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Shen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guokun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Han
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Neuroprotective Treatments for Digestive Forms of Chagas Disease in Experimental Models: A Systematic Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9397290. [PMID: 36199427 PMCID: PMC9527410 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9397290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is an anthropozoonosis caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and is characterized as a neglected disease. It is currently endemic in 21 countries on the Latin American continent, including Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay. Unfortunately, there are no optimally effective treatments that can reduce the damage caused in the digestive form of the disease, such as the neuronal destruction of the myenteric plexus of both the esophagus and the colon. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to report the possible pharmacological neuroprotective agents that were tested in murine models of the digestive form of Chagas disease. Inclusion criteria are in vivo experimental studies that used different murine models for digestive forms of Chagas disease related to pharmacological interventions with neuroprotective potential, without year and language restriction. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were studies that did not approach murine models with the digestive form of the disease or did not use neuroprotective treatments, among others. The search in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS databases was performed on September 4, 2021. In addition, a manual search was performed using the references of the included articles. The risk of bias assessment of the studies was performed based on the SYRCLE tool guidelines, and the data from the selected articles are presented in this review as a narrative description and in tables. Eight articles were included, 4 of which addressed treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, 3 with cyclophosphamide, and 1 with Lycopodium clavatum 13c. In view of the results of the studies, most of them show neuroprotective activity of the treatments, with the potential to reduce the number of damaged neurons, as well as positive changes in the structure of these cells. However, more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms triggered by each drug, as well as their safety and immunogenicity. Systematic review registration is as follows: PROSPERO database (CRD42022289746).
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Lynch Syndrome: From Carcinogenesis to Prevention Interventions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174102. [PMID: 36077639 PMCID: PMC9454739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Promoting proper preventive interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality is one of the most important challenges pertaining to inherited conditions. Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited disorder that predisposes to several kinds of tumor and is responsible for a relevant proportion of human colorectal and endometrial cancers. Recent knowledge has allowed for a better understanding of the genetic cause, pathogenesis, underlying immunological mechanisms, epidemiological distribution, and prevalence of this disease. This opens up unpredictable perspectives of translating such knowledge into validated programs for prevention and surveillance, in order to reduce the health impact of this disease through medical interventions before cancer development. In our review, we summarize the updated guidelines of the screening, surveillance, and risk-reducing strategies for LS patients. Moreover, we present novel opportunities in the treatment and prevention of LS patients through harnessing the immune system using immunocheckpoint inhibitors and vaccines. Abstract Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common inherited disorder responsible for an increased risk of developing cancers at different sites, most frequently in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, caused by a germline pathogenic variant affecting the DNA mismatch repair system. Surveillance and risk-reducing procedures are currently available and warranted for LS patients, depending on underlying germline mutation, and are focused on relevant targets for early cancer diagnosis or primary prevention. Although pharmacological approaches for preventing LS-associated cancer development were started many years ago, to date, aspirin remains the most studied drug intervention and the only one suggested by the main surveillance guidelines, despite the conflicting findings. Furthermore, we also note that remarkable advances in anticancer drug discovery have given a significant boost to the application of novel immunological strategies such as immunocheckpoint inhibitors and vaccines, not only for cancer treatment, but also in a preventive setting. In this review, we outline the clinical, biologic, genetic, and morphological features of LS as well as the recent three-pathways carcinogenesis model. Furthermore, we provide an update on the dedicated screening, surveillance, and risk-reducing strategies for LS patients and describe emerging opportunities of harnessing the immune system.
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Wang X, Wu Y, Liu J, Xu X, Sheng Z, Liu W, Chen M, Ma Y, Zhao D, Li D, Zheng X. Identification of target and pathway of aspirin combined with Lipitor treatment in prostate cancer through integrated bioinformatics analysis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 452:116169. [PMID: 35926565 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous studies have confirmed that aspirin combined with Lipitor inhibited the development of prostate cancer (PCa), but the mechanisms need to be comprehensively expounded. The study aims to screen out the hub genes of combination therapy and to explore their association with the pathogenesis and prognosis of PCa. METHODS Gene expressions were quantified by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Altered biological function, pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), protein-protein interaction network, the filtering of hub genes, gene co-expression and the pathogenesis and prognosis were revealed by bioinformatics analysis. The correlation between hub gene expression and patient survival was validated by Kaplan-Meier. The effects of silent DNA replication and sister chromatid cohesion 1 (siDSCC1) combined with Lipitor and aspirin on DSCC1 expression, viability, invasion and migration of PCa cells were detected by qRT-PCR, Wound healing and transwell assays. RESULTS 157 overlapped DEGs involved in FoxO, PI3K-Akt and p53 signaling pathways were identified. Ten hub genes (NEIL3, CDC7, DSCC1, CDC25C, PRIM1, MCM10, FBXO5, DTL, SERPINE1, EXO1) were verified to be correlated with the pathology and prognosis of PCa. DSCC1 silencing not only inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of PCa cells, but also strengthened the suppressing effects of Lipitor and aspirin alone or in combination on PCa cells. CONCLUSION The enrichment pathways and targets of Lipitor combined with aspirin in PCa are discovered, and DSCC1 silencing can potentiate the effect of Lipitor combined with aspirin in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Junlei Liu
- Allan H. Conney Laboratory for Anticancer Research, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuetao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Zhaojun Sheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Denggao Zhao
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen City 529020, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Ruters University, Piscataway NJ08854, USA.
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Zhang X, Yu Q, Zhou P, Yang S, Xia J, Deng T, Yu C. Blood-brain barrier penetrating carbon dots with intrinsic anti-inflammatory and drug-loading properties. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:212995. [PMID: 35882144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the major obstacle limiting the reach of therapeutic drugs into the brain. Herein, an aspirin-based anti-inflammatory replenisher (aspCD) was fabricated by carbonizing aspirin to deliver drugs into the brain visually. The as-prepared aspCD combined the BBB-penetrating and anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin with the fluorescent and drug-loading properties of carbon dots (CDs), thereby delivering therapeutic drugs into the brain and acting as imaging agent as well as anti-inflammatory replenisher. In vivo experiments of mice and zebrafish revealed that fluorescence aspCD could effectively penetrate BBB. In vitro and in vivo inflammatory models demonstrated that aspCD could be regarded as an excellent anti-inflammatory replenisher. In addition, as a functional carrier, aspCD was proved to be capable of loading drugs with different polarity. In summary, carbonization of active precursors (therapeutic drugs) into CDs could be a promising strategy to achieve the loading and visualization of drugs as well as the retainment of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiashan Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Tao Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Wang L, Tang X. Implications of Ezetimibe in Combination with Low- to Moderate-Intensity Atorvastatin Adjuvant Aspirin Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3369226. [PMID: 35898474 PMCID: PMC9313955 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3369226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the significance of ezetimibe in combination with low- to moderate-intensity atorvastatin adjuvant aspirin therapy for cerebrovascular disease. Methods 110 patients with cerebrovascular disease treated in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected and divided into 55 patients in the control group and 55 patients in the study group according to the lottery method. After a comprehensive examination, patients in the two groups should be given aspirin for treatment; the control group was treated with conventional dose of atorvastatin on top of the above, and the study group was given ezetimibe and medium-low-dose atorvastatin on top of aspirin treatment, activities of daily living (ADL) score, carotid artery intima-media thickness, lipid level, coagulation level, clinical effect, and adverse rate of the two groups which were tested and compared. Results After treatment, ADL score, high-density leptin cholesterol (HDL-C), and ATIII levels increased, while carotid artery media thickness, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density leptin cholesterol (LDL-C), DD, PC, and hs-CRP levels decreased (P < 0.05). After treatment, ADL score, HDL-C, and ATIII levels were higher in the study group. The levels of carotid media thickness, TG, TC, LDL-C, DD, PC, and hs-CRP were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The clinical effect of the study group was outstanding (P < 0.05). The defect rate of the study group was lower than that of the control group, but there was no difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ezetimibe combined with medium- and low-intensity atorvastatin with aspirin in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases can effectively improve the coagulation function of patients, reduce the level of inflammatory factors in patients, and improve the level of blood lipids in patients, with high safety and worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Wang
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Department of Neurology, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Department of Neurology, China
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Analysis of Adverse Reactions of Aspirin in Prophylaxis Medication Based on FAERS Database. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7882277. [PMID: 35664643 PMCID: PMC9162824 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7882277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective As the most commonly used drug in the world, aspirin has shown benefits for myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular death in many secondary prevention trials and their meta-analysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between aspirin and its adverse reactions as a preventive drug using the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS). Methods The FAERS database was queried for the adverse drug events (ADE) reported from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2021. We counted and trended reports to FAERS in which aspirin was associated with anaphylaxis or anaphylaxis followed by death. Results The search retrieved 858 aspirin-associated cases within the reporting period; 108 AE pairs with significant disproportionality were retained. The top 10 AE pairs associated with using aspirin for prophylaxis were melaena, duodenal ulcer, gastritis erosive, gastric ulcer hemorrhage, etc. The top 10 AE pairs for thrombosis prophylaxis were melaena, duodenal ulcer, microcytic anemia, lip erosion, vascular stent thrombosis, etc. The screened adverse event reports are classified and counted according to the system organ class (SOC); it mainly focuses on gastrointestinal disorders, general disorders, and administration site conditions. Among the 858 cases of aspirin used as prophylaxis medication in the FAERS database, the reporting areas were mainly in Europe and the Americas. Conclusion Adverse drug reactions may occur in the clinical use of aspirin. It should strengthen patient medication education, pay close attention to adverse reactions, and adjust the administration method in time to ensure the safety of medication.
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Aspirin Suppressed PD-L1 Expression through Suppressing KAT5 and Subsequently Inhibited PD-1 and PD-L1 Signaling to Attenuate OC Development. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4664651. [PMID: 35392432 PMCID: PMC8983188 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4664651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a frequently occurred malignancy with high incidence and poor survival worldwide. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibition that targets PD-1/PD-L1 axis has become an efficient and popular therapy for cancers. Aspirin (ASP), an anti-inflammatory drug, exhibits a wide spectrum of biological functions including anticancer property. However, the role of ASP treatment in ovarian cancer treatment remains unclear. In this work, we explored the role of ASP in modulating PD-L1 signaling during OC development. Notably, in vitro experiments showed that ASP treatment caused repressed proliferation of OC cells. The results from in vivo xenograft model suggested suppressed tumor growth and tumor weight under ASP treatment. ASP treatment also caused downregulated PD-L1 and Ki-67 levels in mice tumors. Moreover, the IFN-γ-caused PD-L1 accumulation was inhibited by ASP treatment. The administration of ASP decreased the expression of PD-L1 of OC cells in a coculture system with activated T cell or unstimulated PBMCs, along with decreased expression of PD-1 by activated T cells. ASP reversed PD-L1 expression caused by coculture with activated T cells and abolished the suppressed T cells activation and proliferation. Analysis on molecular mechanisms revealed that KAT5 bonded to the promoter region of PD-L1 and upregulated its expression via enhancing histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), whereas ASP downregulated KAT5 expression and blocked this phenomenon. Moreover, ASP enhanced the effect of antiPD-L1 therapy in the in vivo tumor model. Hence, we proposed that ASP decreased expression of PD-L1 protein via inhibiting the epigenetic regulation by KAT5 and suppressed the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling to attenuate tumor growth. ASP may be a promising adjuvant in OC immunotherapy.
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Wang X, Han L, Yang J. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of aspirin combination treatment in treating patients with coronary heart disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28848. [PMID: 35363182 PMCID: PMC9281913 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease (CHD) has a high incidence rate as a cardiovascular condition, primarily affecting the elderly and middle-aged individuals. CHD has debilitating effects on the standard of life of the elderly, and affecting their physical and psychological health. Reportedly, using aspirin alone is less effective as a first line of treatment for CHD. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis will synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safeness of aspirin combination treatment in treating patients with CHD. METHODS A comprehensive meta-analysis is to be performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of aspirin combination treatment for CHD patients. A search will be performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, WanFang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure till December 25, 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials, assess all related studies on the aspirin combination treatment in treating patients with CHD. In this systematic review, we will adopt the second version of Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool to assess the bias risk in all studies that fulfil the eligibility conditions. Two authors will separately conduct the study selection process, risk of bias assessment, and data extraction. Moreover, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted to synthesize evidence for all outcomes. Provided there is sufficient homogeneity among the studies, we will perform meta-analysis. I2 test will be employed to assess the heterogeneity of the outcomes. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER 10.17605/OSF.IO/MDTCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yin H, Shi A, Wu J. Platelet-Activating Factor Promotes the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2003-2030. [PMID: 35837578 PMCID: PMC9275506 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s367483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifaceted clinicopathological syndrome characterised by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation that causes steatosis, excluding alcoholic factors. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a biologically active lipid transmitter, induces platelet activation upon binding to the PAF receptor. Recent studies have found that PAF is associated with gamma-glutamyl transferase, which is an indicator of liver disease. Moreover, PAF can stimulate hepatic lipid synthesis and cause hypertriglyceridaemia. Furthermore, the knockdown of the PAF receptor gene in the animal models of NAFLD helped reduce the inflammatory response, improve glucose homeostasis and delay the development of NAFLD. These findings suggest that PAF is associated with NAFLD development. According to reports, patients with NAFLD or animal models have marked platelet activation abnormalities, mainly manifested as enhanced platelet adhesion and aggregation and altered blood rheology. Pharmacological interventions were accompanied by remission of abnormal platelet activation and significant improvement in liver function and lipids in the animal model of NAFLD. These confirm that platelet activation may accompany a critical importance in NAFLD development and progression. However, how PAFs are involved in the NAFLD signalling pathway needs further investigation. In this paper, we review the relevant literature in recent years and discuss the role played by PAF in NAFLD development. It is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to find effective interventions for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Junzi Wu; Anhua Shi, Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 187 8855 7524; +86 138 8885 0813, Email ;
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Feiyue L, Yang L, Zhao J, Yu Q. An evaluation of the inhibition effects of cell migration of Aspirin soaking 360°square-edge intraocular lens in an in vitro lens capsule model. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:565-572. [PMID: 34935556 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.2012201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study performs to evaluate the Hydrophobic and Hydrosmart 360°square-edge intraocular lens drug delivery of Aspirin using an in vitro lens capsular model. METHODS Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to calculate 50% inhibiting concentration values in both SRA01/04 and HLE-B3 cells. Hoechst staining and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation and cell migration. The in vitro lens capsule model was established mainly with a special transwell-col and cell climbing sheet, in which an intraocular lens and the TGF-β2 were added. The ultraviolet spectrophotometer was used to measure the drug concentrations released in vitro. Cell-exclusion zone assay was used to detect the cell migration in the in vitro capsular model. RESULTS It shows that cell morphology and distribution of SRA01/04 in the in vitro lens capsular model were closer to those in vivo. The results revealed that there could be significant inhibiting effects on cell migration of the hydrosmart intraocular lens with a sustained drug release in vitro in 7 days, while the hydrophobic intraocular lens drug delivery of Aspirin was mainly performed only from day 1 to day 3. CONCLUSIONS Results showed the developed hydrosmart intraocular lens could release Aspirin continuously in vitro to inhibit the cell migration of lens epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Feiyue
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiangyue Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wu S, Wu G, Wu H. A Comparison of Coagulation Function in Patients Receiving Aspirin and Cefoperazone-Sulbactam With and Without Vitamin K 1: A Retrospective, Observational Study. Clin Ther 2021; 43:e335-e345. [PMID: 34819242 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study objective was to explore whether prophylaxis with vitamin K1 improves abnormal coagulation function-associated cefoperazone-sulbactam in patients treated in the long term with low-dose aspirin. METHODS This retrospective, observational study assessed patients treated with long-term low-dose aspirin in a naval military hospital in China from 2004 to 2018, including all patients treated concurrently with cefoperazone-sulbactam with or without vitamin K1. Differences in the coagulation index were analyzed statistically before and after receipt of cefoperazone-sulbactam. FINDINGS The cohort included 227 patients. After cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment, the mean (SD) prothrombin time (PT) was 14.07 (3.07) seconds, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was 35.15 (4.78) seconds, and international normalized ratio (INR) was 1.49 (0.49) in the cefoperazone-sulbactam group, which was significantly higher than the PT of 11.55 (1.29), aPTT of 31.37 (2.20), and INR of 1.12 (0.35) before cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment. No significant difference was in the cefoperazone-sulbactam plus vitamin K1 group. In addition, no significant difference was found in the thrombin time or fibrinogen level between before and after cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment in both groups. The mean (SD) platelet counts of the 2 groups were 197.34 (71.82) × 109/L and 187.75 (72.66) × 1 09/L after cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment, respectively, which was significantly lower than 231.77 (77.05) × 109/L and 232.08 (84.48) × 109/L before cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment. There were greater proportions of coagulation disorders (prolongation of PT, aPTT, INR, and bleeding) after cefoperazone-sulbactam treatment in the cefoperazone-sulbactam group compared with that in the cefoperazone-sulbactam plus vitamin K1 group. IMPLICATIONS Results indicate that, after adding cefoperazone-sulbactam to the regimens of patients receiving long-term low-dose aspirin, therapy contributed to remarkable increase in abnormal coagulation function and coagulation disorders. Prophylaxis with vitamin K1 decreased the risk of these abnormalities in blood coagulation parameters associated with cefoperazone-sulbactam in patients taking long-term aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxie Wu
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbin Wu
- Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Charles A, Nwaobi SE, Goadsby P. Inflammation in migraine…or not…: A critical evaluation of the evidence. Headache 2021; 61:1575-1578. [PMID: 34806166 DOI: 10.1111/head.14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Charles
- UCLA Goldberg Migraine Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sinifunanya E Nwaobi
- UCLA Goldberg Migraine Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter Goadsby
- UCLA Goldberg Migraine Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Use of aspirin for primary prevention in patients with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1667-1668. [PMID: 34553329 PMCID: PMC8457027 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Review of the Effectiveness of Various Adjuvant Therapies in Treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Dis Rep 2021; 13:821-834. [PMID: 34562999 PMCID: PMC8482146 DOI: 10.3390/idr13030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is estimated that 10 million people have developed tuberculosis disease globally, leading to 1.4 million deaths in 2019. Treatment of tuberculosis has been especially challenging due to the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR-TB) tuberculosis. In addition to drug-resistant genotypes, the standard treatment of tuberculosis by first-line agents is also challenging due to toxicity and costs. In the last four decades, there have only been two new anti-tuberculosis agents—bedaquiline and delamanid. Therefore, shorter, safer, and more cost-effective therapies are needed to adequately treat tuberculosis. In this review, we explore various adjuvants such as glutathione, everolimus, vitamin D, steroid, aspirin, statin, and metformin and their usefulness in reducing the burden of tuberculosis. Glutathione, everolimus, aspirin, and metformin showed the most promise in alleviating the burden of tuberculosis. Despite their potential, more clinical trials are needed to unequivocally establish the effectiveness of these adjuvants as future clinical therapies. Methods: The journals for this review were selected by conducting a search via PubMed, Google Scholar, and The Lancet. Our first search included keywords such as “tuberculosis” and “adjuvant therapy.” From the search, we made a list of adjuvants associated with tuberculosis, and this helped guide us with our second online database search. Using the same three online databases, we searched “tuberculosis” and “respective therapy.” The adjuvants included in the paper were selected based on the availability of sufficient research and support between the therapy and tuberculosis. Adjuvants with minimal research support were excluded. There were no specific search criteria regarding the timing of publication, with our citations ranging between 1979 to 2021.
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Matsuzaki S, Miller H, Takiuchi T, Klar M, Matsuo K. Effects of aspirin and statin use on venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and survival in patients with endometrial cancer. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2021; 21:335-347. [PMID: 34437828 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2021.1973427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and statins are commonly used to manage and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have suggested the benefits of aspirin or statin use in venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and survival outcome improvement in women with endometrial cancer. AREAS COVERED In this study, we reviewed the effects of aspirin or statin use on VTE prophylaxis and survival outcome in women with endometrial cancer. EXPERT OPINION Among women with endometrial cancer, aspirin use exerted a modest effect on VTE prophylaxis, whereas statin use was associated with a decreased prevalence of VTE, especially in women with obesity and type II cancer, compared with those in non-users. Aspirin use improved cause-specific survival in women with endometrial cancer, aged less than 60 years, who were obese and presented with type I cancer. Statin use was associated with better cause-specific survival in women with type II cancer. The combination of aspirin and statins may be the most effective strategy in improving on VTE prophylaxis and survival outcomes in obese women with type II cancer. Targeting of the appropriate population with endometrial cancer may enhance the efficacy of aspirin or statins on VTE prophylaxis and survival outcomes in women with endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Matsuzaki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Gynecology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Heather Miller
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Takiuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maximilian Klar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Wróblewska KB, Milanowski B, Kucińska M, Plewa S, Długaszewska J, Muszalska-Kolos I. Novel Formulation of Eye Drops Containing Choline Salicylate and Hyaluronic Acid: Stability, Permeability, and Cytotoxicity Studies Using Alternative Ex Vivo and In Vitro Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:849. [PMID: 34577550 PMCID: PMC8465216 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the potential of a novel formulation of eye drops containing a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-choline salicylate (CS)-and hyaluronic acid (HA). Thus, these drops may exert both anti-inflammatory and regenerative activity. The experiment was conducted through the careful characterization of physicochemical properties, stability, and quality of eye drops. Moreover, microbiological analysis, as well as penetration and cytotoxic studies, were performed. The UV, HPLC-UV, and HPLC-MS/MS methods were used to determine the purity and stability of CS. The penetration rate of CS was assessed using a hydrophilic membrane and ex vivo porcine cornea model. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects were evaluated using the SIRC cell line. The interaction between HA and CS was tested using size-exclusion chromatography and IR spectrophotometry. As a result, HA increased the viscosity of the drops, which prolonged their contact with the ocular surface, thus ensuring more effective penetration of CS into the corneal structure. After long-term storage, an interaction in the pharmaceutical phase between CS and HA was observed. However, this interaction did not affect the viability of rabbit corneal cells. Our findings showed that eye drops with CS and HA, stored at 2-8 °C in light-protected conditions, met the criteria of stability and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Barbara Wróblewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Milanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
- GENERICA Pharmaceutical Lab, Regionalne Centrum Zdrowia Sp. z o.o., Na Kępie 3, 64-360 Zbąszyń, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kucińska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Szymon Plewa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Długaszewska
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Izabela Muszalska-Kolos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
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Davis KAS, Bishara D, Molokhia M, Mueller C, Perera G, Stewart RJ. Aspirin in people with dementia, long-term benefits, and harms: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:943-954. [PMID: 33483830 PMCID: PMC8184554 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with dementia may have indications for aspirin prescription and clinicians are asked to balance the potential risks against benefits. This review examines the evidence for the risk and benefit of long-term aspirin use in people with dementia aged over 65 years, including randomised controlled trials and observational studies. METHODS We searched three databases for research published between 2007 and 2020. Each eligible article was assessed for risk of bias, and confidence in findings was rated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). RESULTS Four papers met inclusion criteria: one randomised controlled trial, two cohort studies, and one with pooled data. All looked only at dementia of Alzheimer's type, and none addressed myocardial or cerebral infarction as outcomes. Dementia progression was reported by two studies, with conflicting results. The trial found no significant effect of aspirin on mortality (odds ratio aspirin vs. no aspirin 1.07, 95% confidence interval 0.58-1.97) but found more events of severe bleeding with aspirin (OR aspirin vs. no aspirin 6.9, 1.5-31.2). An excess in intracranial haemorrhage in the aspirin group was judged plausible based on two non-randomised studies. CONCLUSIONS The review findings are limited because studies include only people with Alzheimer's-type dementia and lack confirmatory studies, although an increased risk of bleeding events is recognised. Further research that addresses the benefits and risks of aspirin in more representative groups of people with dementia is needed to guide prescribing decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A S Davis
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Delia Bishara
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mariam Molokhia
- King's College London Population Health Sciences, London, UK
| | - Christoph Mueller
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gayan Perera
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert J Stewart
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Đukanović N, Obradović S, Zdravković M, Đurašević S, Stojković M, Tosti T, Jasnić N, Đorđević J, Todorović Z. Lipids and Antiplatelet Therapy: Important Considerations and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063180. [PMID: 33804754 PMCID: PMC8003871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play an essential role in platelet functions. It is known that polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in increasing platelet reactivity and that the prothrombotic phenotype plays a crucial role in the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events. The ongoing increase in cardiovascular diseases’ incidence emphasizes the importance of research linking lipids and platelet function. In particular, the rebound phenomenon that accompanies discontinuation of clopidogrel in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy has been associated with changes in the lipid profile. Our many years of research underline the importance of reduced HDL values for the risk of such a rebound effect and the occurrence of thromboembolic events. Lipids are otherwise a heterogeneous group of molecules, and their signaling molecules are not deposited but formed “on-demand” in the cell. On the other hand, exosomes transmit lipid signals between cells, and the profile of such changes can be monitored by lipidomics. Changes in the lipid profile are organ-specific and may indicate new drug action targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Đukanović
- High Medical School Milutin Milanković, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Slobodan Obradović
- Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Zdravković
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
- Dr Žorža Matea bb, University Medical Centre “Bežanijska kosa”, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Đurašević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Maja Stojković
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Jasnić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Jelena Đorđević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Ð.); (N.J.); (J.Ð.)
| | - Zoran Todorović
- Dr Subotića 8, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-63-8827076
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Abstract
More than a century after its synthesis, daily aspirin, given at a low dose, is a milestone treatment for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its role in primary prevention of CVD is still debated. Older randomized controlled trials showed that aspirin reduced the low incidence of myocardial infarction but correspondingly increased the low incidence of serious gastrointestinal bleeds without altering mortality. More recent trials see the benefit attenuated, perhaps obscured by other cardioprotective practices, while the bleeding risk remains, especially in older patients. Indirect evidence, both preclinical and clinical, suggests that aspirin may protect against sporadic colorectal cancer and perhaps other cancers. However, further studies are still necessary to warrant the consumption of aspirin for primary prevention of CVD and cancer by apparently healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , .,Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , .,Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Vaiserman A, Koliada A, Lushchak O, Castillo MJ. Repurposing drugs to fight aging: The difficult path from bench to bedside. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1676-1700. [PMID: 33314257 DOI: 10.1002/med.21773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The steady rise in life expectancy occurred across all developed countries during the last century. This demographic trend is, however, not accompanied by the same healthspan extension. This is since aging is the main risk factor for all age-associated pathological conditions. Therefore, slowing the rate of aging is suggested to be more efficient in preventing or delaying age-related diseases than treat them one by one, which is the common approach in a current pharmacological disease-oriented paradigm. To date, a variety of medications designed to treat particular pathological conditions have been shown to exhibit pro-longevity effects in different experimental models. Among them, there are many commonly used prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals such as metformin, rapamycin, aspirin, statins, melatonin, vitamin antioxidants, etc. All of them are being increasingly investigated in preclinical and clinical trials with the aim of determine whether they have potential for extension of human healthspan. The results from these trials are frequently inconclusive and fall short of initial expectations, suggesting that innovative research ideas and additional translational steps are required to overcome obstacles for implementation of such approaches in clinical practice. In this review, recent advances and challenges in the field of repurposing widely used conventional pharmaceuticals to target the aging process are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Ahmadi M, Amiri S, Pecic S, Machaj F, Rosik J, Łos MJ, Alizadeh J, Mahdian R, da Silva Rosa SC, Schaafsma D, Shojaei S, Madrakian T, Zeki AA, Ghavami S. Pleiotropic effects of statins: A focus on cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165968. [PMID: 32927022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The statin drugs ('statins') potently inhibit hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase by competitively blocking the active site of the enzyme. Statins decrease de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and thereby reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Statins exhibit "pleiotropic" properties that are independent of their lipid-lowering effects. For example, preclinical evidence suggests that statins inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis in specific cancer cell types. Furthermore, statins show chemo-sensitizing effects by impairing Ras family GTPase signaling. However, whether statins have clinically meaningful anti-cancer effects remains an area of active investigation. Both preclinical and clinical studies on the potential mechanisms of action of statins in several cancers have been reviewed in the literature. Considering the contradictory data on their efficacy, we present an up-to-date summary of the pleiotropic effects of statins in cancer therapy and review their impact on different malignancies. We also discuss the synergistic anti-cancer effects of statins when combined with other more conventional anti-cancer drugs to highlight areas of potential therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, R4046 - 351 Taché Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Reza Mahdian
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Shahla Shojaei
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Amir A Zeki
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. U.C. Davis Lung Center, Davis, California, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mather, California, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Grinshtein YI, Savchenko AA, Kosinova AA, Goncharov MD. Resistance to Acetylsalicylic Acid in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Is the Result of Metabolic Activity of Platelets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080178. [PMID: 32752170 PMCID: PMC7466119 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is important in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients were divided into ASA sensitive (sASA) and ASA resistant (rASA) by the activity of platelet aggregation induced arachidonic acid (ARA) together with ASA. Induced platelet aggregation activity was studied in sASA and rASA patients with CHD before and after CABG. The level of synthesis of primary and secondary reactive oxygen species (ROS) by platelets was determined using chemiluminescent analysis. The activity of NAD- and NADP-dependent dehydrogenases in platelets was determined by the bioluminescent method. It was found that the aggregation activity of platelets depended on the sensitivity of CHD patients to ASA and decreased during postoperative ASA therapy. The most pronounced differences in metabolic parameters of platelets in sASA and rASA patients were detected by Nox2 activity. The synthesis of secondary ROS by platelets of CHD patients did not depend on the sensitivity of patients to ASA but increased during postoperative treatment with ASA. The activity of NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases in platelets did not differ in sASA and rASA patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy I. Grinshtein
- Therapeutic Department of Institute of Postgraduate Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yaseneckiy, 660125 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (Y.I.G.); (A.A.S.); (M.D.G.)
| | - Andrei A. Savchenko
- Therapeutic Department of Institute of Postgraduate Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yaseneckiy, 660125 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (Y.I.G.); (A.A.S.); (M.D.G.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, 660125 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A. Kosinova
- Therapeutic Department of Institute of Postgraduate Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yaseneckiy, 660125 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (Y.I.G.); (A.A.S.); (M.D.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maxim D. Goncharov
- Therapeutic Department of Institute of Postgraduate Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named After Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yaseneckiy, 660125 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (Y.I.G.); (A.A.S.); (M.D.G.)
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