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Xia J, Ge C, Yao H. Antimicrobial peptides: An alternative to antibiotic for mitigating the risks of Antibiotic resistance in aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118619. [PMID: 38442817 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of antibiotics increases the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in various matrices and poses the potential risk of ARG transmission, garnering global attention. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising novel category of antimicrobials that may address the urgent issue of antibiotic resistance. Here, a zebrafish cultivation assay in which zebrafish were fed a diet supplemented with AMP (Cecropin A) or antibiotics was conducted to determine the effects of the intervention on the microorganisms and antibiotic resistance spectrum in zebrafish gut samples. Cecropin A treatment decreased the α-diversity of the microbiota. Moreover, NMDS (nonmetric multidimensional scaling) results revealed that the β-diversity in the microbiota was more similar between the control (CK) and Cecropin A samples than between the antibiotic treatment groups. The absolute quantity of ARGs in the AMP treatment was less than that observed in the antibiotic treatment. The findings indicated that FFCH7168, Chitinibacter and Cetobacterium were the most significant biomarkers detected in the CK, Cecropin A and antibiotic treatments, respectively. Although the use of antibiotics notably enhanced the occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the application of Cecropin A did not lead to this phenomenon. The results indicated that the application of AMPs can effectively manage and control ARGs in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Chaorong Ge
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, PR China.
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2
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Ye T, He S, Li J, Luo J, Yang S, Wang P, Li C. Metagenomic and transcriptomic analysis revealing the impact of oxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin on gut microbiota and gene expression in the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106925. [PMID: 38718521 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Excessive antibiotic use has led to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), impacting gut microbiota and host health. However, the effects of antibiotics on amphibian populations remain unclear. We investigated the impact of oxytetracycline (OTC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) on Chinese giant salamanders (Andrias davidianus), focusing on gut microbiota, ARGs, and gene expression by performing metagenome and transcriptome sequencing. A. davidianus were given OTC (20 or 40 mg/kg) or CIP (50 or 100 mg/kg) orally for 7 days. The results revealed that oral administration of OTC and CIP led to distinct changes in microbial composition and functional potential, with CIP treatment having a greater impact than OTC. Antibiotic treatment also influenced the abundance of ARGs, with an increase in fluoroquinolone and multi-drug resistance genes observed post-treatment. The construction of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) accurately validated that CIP intervention enriched fish-associated potential pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila carrying an increased number of ARGs. Additionally, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as phages and plasmids, were implicated in the dissemination of ARGs. Transcriptomic analysis of the gut revealed significant alterations in gene expression, particularly in immune-related pathways, with differential effects observed between OTC and CIP treatments. Integration of metagenomic and transcriptomic data highlighted potential correlations between gut gene expression and microbial composition, suggesting complex interactions between the host gut and its gut microbiota in response to antibiotic exposure. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the impact of antibiotic intervention on the gut microbiome and host health in amphibians, particularly in the context of antibiotic resistance and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, PR China
| | - Shumao He
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, PR China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, PR China
| | - Jianlin Luo
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, PR China
| | - Sixue Yang
- Zhiran Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 301000, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Zhiran Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Tianjin, 301000, PR China.
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Department of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, PR China.
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Zhou J, Yun X, Wang J, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhang W, Fan Z. Biological toxicity of sulfamethoxazole in aquatic ecosystem on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci Rep 2024; 14:9401. [PMID: 38658643 PMCID: PMC11043448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the impacts of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on antioxidant, immune, histopathological dynamic changes, and gut microbiota of zebrafish. SMX was carried out five groups: 0 (C), 3 mg/L (T3), 6 mg/L (T6), 12 mg/L (T12), and 24 mg/L (T24), with 5 replicates per group for an 8-weeks chronic toxicity test. It was found that SMX is considered to have low toxicity to adult zebrafish. SMX with the concentration not higher than 24 mg/L has no obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of fish. Under different concentrations of SMX stress, oxidative damage and immune system disorder were caused to the liver and gill, with the 12 and 24 mg/L concentration being the most significant. At the same time, it also causes varying degrees of pathological changes in both intestinal and liver tissues. As the concentration of SMX increases, the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota in zebrafish significantly decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Yun
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jiting Wang
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhicheng Fan
- Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition & Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dazing Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
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Qiao Y, Han F, Peng X, Rombenso A, Li E. Dietary β-Glucan Alleviates Antibiotic-Associated Side Effects by Increasing the Levels of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Modifying Intestinal Microbiota in Pacific White Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:52. [PMID: 38247477 PMCID: PMC10812432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics and their secondary metabolites are commonly found in aquatic ecosystems, leading to the passive exposure of many aquatic animals to low doses of antibiotics, which can affect their health. However, there is limited information available on how to mitigate the side effects of antibiotics on normal aquatic animals. This study aimed to investigate the potential of dietary β-glucan to alleviate the side effects induced by antibiotics in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (0.37 ± 0.02 g). A six-week feeding trial was conducted with four dietary treatments including a control, 1 g/kg β-glucan (β-glucan), 50 mg/kg oxytetracycline (OTC), and a combination of 50 mg/kg OTC and 1 g/kg β-glucan (Mix) groups. At the end of the trial, the growth performance, intestinal microbial composition, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of the shrimp were assessed. There were no significant differences in growth performance among the groups, but the condition factor of the shrimp in the Mix group was significantly decreased when compared to the control and β-glucan groups. The activities of hepatopancreas catalase (CAT) and serum phenol oxidase in the OTC group were significantly lower than those in the control group. On the other hand, the activities of hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase and CAT enzymes in the β-glucan group were significantly higher than those in the OTC group. The supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics significantly increased the CAT activity and bacteriolytic activity compared to the OTC and control groups, respectively. Moreover, an analysis of the intestinal microbiota revealed that the Observed_species estimator in the Mix group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Dietary antibiotics significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level, but the Mix group showed no significant difference. The supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics also significantly increased the relative abundance of Meridianimaribacter compared to the control group. Additionally, the synergistic influence of β-glucan with antibiotics increased the beta diversity of intestinal microbiotas. These findings suggest that the supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics on Pacific white shrimp can alleviate the low antioxidant capacity and immune response caused by antibiotics while enhancing the intestinal microbial composition. This provides a potential solution to mitigate the negative impacts of antibiotics in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Fenglu Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Xuhan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Artur Rombenso
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, Bribie Island, Brisbane, QLD 4507, Australia;
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
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Shen M, Hu Y, Zhao K, Li C, Liu B, Li M, Lyu C, Sun L, Zhong S. Occurrence, Bioaccumulation, Metabolism and Ecotoxicity of Fluoroquinolones in the Aquatic Environment: A Review. TOXICS 2023; 11:966. [PMID: 38133367 PMCID: PMC10747319 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing concern about antibiotic contamination in water bodies, particularly the widespread presence of fluoroquinolones (FQs), which pose a serious threat to ecosystems due to their extensive use and the phenomenon of "pseudo-persistence". This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on FQs in water bodies, summarizing and analyzing contamination levels of FQs in global surface water over the past three years, as well as the bioaccumulation and metabolism patterns of FQs in aquatic organisms, their ecological toxicity, and the influencing factors. The results show that FQs contamination is widespread in surface water across the surveyed 32 countries, with ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin being the most heavy contaminants. Furthermore, contamination levels are generally higher in developing and developed countries. It has been observed that compound types, species, and environmental factors influence the bioaccumulation, metabolism, and toxicity of FQs in aquatic organisms. FQs tend to accumulate more in organisms with higher lipid content, and toxicity experiments have shown that FQs exhibit the highest toxicity to bacteria and the weakest toxicity to mollusk. This article summarizes and analyzes the current research status and shortcomings of FQs, providing guidance and theoretical support for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Yi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chenyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Binshuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chen Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (M.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Lei Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Mineral Exploration Institute Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110031, China
| | - Shuang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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6
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Li T, Jin M, Huang L, Zhang Y, Zong J, Shan H, Kang H, Xu M, Liu H, Zhao Y, Cao Q, Jiang J. Oxytetracycline-induced oxidative liver damage by disturbed mitochondrial dynamics and impaired enzyme antioxidants in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106616. [PMID: 37348385 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a commonly used tetracycline antibiotic in aquaculture, has been found to cause significant damage to the liver of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). This study revealed that OTC can lead to severe histopathological damage, structural changes at the cellular level, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in M. salmoides. Meanwhile, OTC impairs the activities of antioxidant enzyme (such as T-SOD, CAT, GST, GR) by suppressing the activation of MAPK/Nrf2 pathway. OTC disrupts mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy through via PINK1/Parkin pathway. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria, combined with the inhibition of the antioxidant enzyme system, contributes to elevated ROS levels and oxidative liver damage in M. salmoides. Further investigations demonstrated that an enzyme-treated soy protein (ETSP) dietary supplement can help maintain mitochondrial dynamic balance by inhibiting the PINK1/Parkin pathway and activate the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway to counteract oxidative damage. In summary, these findings highlight that exposure to OTC disrupts mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits the antioxidant enzyme system, ultimately exacerbating oxidative liver damage in M. salmoides. We propose the use of a dietary supplement as a preventive measure against OTC-related side effects, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of antibiotic toxicity in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Min Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lishi Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiali Zong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongying Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Quanquan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;.
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;.
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Chavarria-Pizarro T, Resl P, Kuhl-Nagel T, Janjic A, Fernandez Mendoza F, Werth S. Antibiotic-Induced Treatments Reveal Stress-Responsive Gene Expression in the Endangered Lichen Lobaria pulmonaria. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060625. [PMID: 35736108 PMCID: PMC9225190 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are primarily found in the environment due to human activity, which has been reported to influence the structure of biotic communities and the ecological functions of soil and water ecosystems. Nonetheless, their effects in other terrestrial ecosystems have not been well studied. As a result of oxidative stress in organisms exposed to high levels of antibiotics, genotoxicity can lead to DNA damage and, potentially, cell death. In addition, in symbiotic organisms, removal of the associated microbiome by antibiotic treatment has been observed to have a big impact on the host, e.g., corals. The lung lichen Lobaria pulmonaria has more than 800 associated bacterial species, a microbiome which has been hypothesized to increase the lichen's fitness. We artificially exposed samples of L. pulmonaria to antibiotics and a stepwise temperature increase to determine the relative effects of antibiotic treatments vs. temperature on the mycobiont and photobiont gene expression and the viability and on the community structure of the lichen-associated bacteria. We found that the mycobiont and photobiont highly reacted to different antibiotics, independently of temperature exposure. We did not find major differences in bacterial community composition or alpha diversity between antibiotic treatments and controls. For these reasons, the upregulation of stress-related genes in antibiotic-treated samples could be caused by genotoxicity in L. pulmonaria and its photobiont caused by exposure to antibiotics, and the observed stress responses are reactions of the symbiotic partners to reduce damage to their cells. Our study is of great interest for the community of researchers studying symbiotic organisms as it represents one of the first steps to understanding gene expression in an endangered lichen in response to exposure to toxic environments, along with dynamics in its associated bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Chavarria-Pizarro
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.C.-P.); (S.W.)
| | - Philipp Resl
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Theresa Kuhl-Nagel
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Network Biology (INET), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Aleksandar Janjic
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;
| | | | - Silke Werth
- Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Menzingerstraße 67, 80638 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.C.-P.); (S.W.)
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Nattagh‐Eshtivani E, Pahlavani N, Ranjbar G, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Salehi‐Sahlabadi A, Mahmudiono T, Nader Shalaby M, Jokar M, Nematy M, Barghchi H, Havakhah S, Maddahi M, Rashidmayvan M, Khosravi M. Does propolis have any effect on rheumatoid arthritis? A review study. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1003-1020. [PMID: 35432965 PMCID: PMC9007309 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in its pathophysiology. Complementary therapies along with medications may be effective in the control of RA. Propolis is a natural substance extracted from beehives, which have confirmed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study aimed to review the possible effects of propolis on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in patients with RA. English articles in online databases such as PubMed‑Medline, AMED, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. Pieces of evidence show that supplementation with propolis may have therapeutic effects on RA patients. Due to increased inflammation and oxidative stress in the affected joints of RA patients, propolis could inhibit the inflammatory cascades by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway and reducing reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and interleukin-17 by increasing some antioxidants. Therefore, inflammation and pain reduce, helping improve and control RA in patients. Further investigations are required with larger sample sizes and different doses of propolis to demonstrate the definite effects of propolis on various aspects of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyas Nattagh‐Eshtivani
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research CenterTorbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesTorbat HeydariyehIran
- Children Growth and Development Research CenterResearch Institute for Prevention of Non‐Communicable DiseaseQazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvinIran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of NutritionSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Ammar Salehi‐Sahlabadi
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and DieteticsSchool of Nutrition and Food TechnologyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Departmentof NutritionFaculty of Public HealthUniversitas AirlanggaAirlanggaIndonesia
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health DepartmentFaculty of Physical EducationSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Mohammadhassan Jokar
- Rheumatic Diseases Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Hanieh Barghchi
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Shahrzad Havakhah
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Mona Maddahi
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Maryam Khosravi
- Department of NutritionSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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9
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Nattagh‐Eshtivani E, Pahlavani N, Ranjbar G, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Salehi‐Sahlabadi A, Mahmudiono T, Nader Shalaby M, Jokar M, Nematy M, Barghchi H, Havakhah S, Maddahi M, Rashidmayvan M, Khosravi M. Does propolis have any effect on rheumatoid arthritis? A review study. Food Sci Nutr 2022. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elyas Nattagh‐Eshtivani
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research Center Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh Iran
- Children Growth and Development Research Center Research Institute for Prevention of Non‐Communicable Disease Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Ammar Salehi‐Sahlabadi
- Student Research Committee Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics School of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Departmentof Nutrition Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga Airlangga Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department Faculty of Physical Education Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt
| | - Mohammadhassan Jokar
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hanieh Barghchi
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Shahrzad Havakhah
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences Bojnurd Iran
| | - Mona Maddahi
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Maryam Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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10
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Nattagh‐Eshtivani E, Pahlavani N, Ranjbar G, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Salehi‐Sahlabadi A, Mahmudiono T, Nader Shalaby M, Jokar M, Nematy M, Barghchi H, Havakhah S, Maddahi M, Rashidmayvan M, Khosravi M. Does propolis have any effect on rheumatoid arthritis? A review study. Food Sci Nutr 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elyas Nattagh‐Eshtivani
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research Center Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh Iran
- Children Growth and Development Research Center Research Institute for Prevention of Non‐Communicable Disease Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Ammar Salehi‐Sahlabadi
- Student Research Committee Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics School of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Departmentof Nutrition Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga Airlangga Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department Faculty of Physical Education Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt
| | - Mohammadhassan Jokar
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hanieh Barghchi
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Shahrzad Havakhah
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences Bojnurd Iran
| | - Mona Maddahi
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Maryam Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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11
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Moradi S, Javanmardi S, Gholamzadeh P, Tavabe KR. The ameliorative role of ascorbic acid against blood disorder, immunosuppression, and oxidative damage of oxytetracycline in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:201-213. [PMID: 35059978 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was aimed to determine the possible beneficial effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) on hematological indices, immune responses, and antioxidative capacity of Oncorhynchus mykiss treated with antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC). A total of 150 fish were divided evenly among five experimental groups (30 fish of each, in 3 replicates) receiving diets containing OTC (0 and 100 mg per kg fish weight) and AA (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg per kg fish diet) for 28 days. Treatments include group A or control (100 mg AA without OTC), group B (100 mg AA with OTC), group C (200 mg AA with OTC), group D (400 mg AA with OTC), and group E (800 mg AA with OTC). The results obtained showed that the hematological indices (red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and neutrophils), immunological parameters (plasma lysozyme, plasma complement, and skin mucus alkaline phosphatase activities), and antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were significantly decreased by OTC in O. mykiss fed control diet (P < 0.05). The results also revealed that OTC significantly increased the activity of biochemical enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) in the plasma of O. mykiss fed control diet (P < 0.05). However, in comparison to the control diet, feeding fish with higher amounts of AA (400 and 800 mg/kg diet) significantly restored the hematological, immunological, and antioxidative responses in OTC-treated groups (p < 0.05). These findings show that the dietary supplementation of AA at 400 or 800 mg/kg diet is beneficial in relieving O. mykiss from OTC-induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Moradi
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sina Javanmardi
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Pooria Gholamzadeh
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Rezaei Tavabe
- Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, 131 Chamran Avenue, Karaj, Iran
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12
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Lourido M, Peluso J, Aronzon CM. Lethal and sublethal effects of the emerging contaminant oxytetracycline on the embryo-larval development of Rhinella arenarum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103783. [PMID: 34896275 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) is commonly used in animal production and can enter aquatic ecosystems, causing adverse effects on non-target species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of OTC on the embryonic and larval period of Rhinella arenarum, through standardized bioassays and oxidative stress (catalase-CAT-, superoxide dismutase-SOD-, glutathione S-transferase-GST-, reduced glutathione-GSH- and lipid peroxidation-TBARS-), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase-AChE- and butyrylcholinesterase-BChE-) and genotoxicity (micronuclei test) biomarkers. Mortality was time and stage dependent, being the embryos (504 h-LC50 = 64.04 mg/L) more sensitive than the larvae (504 h-LC50 = 97.74 mg/L). Alterations in the oxidative stress biomarkers were observed mainly in larvae: CAT, SOD and GST decreased and GSH increased significantly. In embryos, only GST decreased significantly. Also, OTC increased the AChE and BChE activities but did not increase the micronuclei frequency. This study shows evidence that the presence of OTC in the environment may have negative effects on amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lourido
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Peluso
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Argentina
| | - Carolina M Aronzon
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, CONICET-UNSAM, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, C.P. 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Argentina.
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13
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Slinger J, Wynne JW, Adams MB. Profiling Branchial Bacteria of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Following Exposure to Antimicrobial Agents. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2021.756101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial gill diseases caused by either opportunistic or specific pathogens are an emerging area of concern for aquaculture producers in part due to their sometimes complex and/or cryptic nature. Many antimicrobial treatments used in aquacultural settings are broad spectrum in nature. The effect of such therapeutics upon reduction and recolonization of commensal or pathogenic microbiota post-treatment has received little attention to date. Commensal bacteria are an integral component of the barrier function of mucosal surfaces in animals. This study evaluated the effect of several commercially relevant antimicrobial treatments upon the diversity and composition of branchial bacteria of Atlantic salmon. Here we exposed Atlantic salmon smolt to a number of commercially relevant antimicrobial treatments including chemotherapeutants (chloramine-t and hydrogen peroxide) and antibiotics (oxytetracycline and florfenicol) in vivo. Subsequently we examined the change in bacterial load, 16S rRNA gene expression, and taxonomic diversity post-treatment upon the gills. Results revealed a decrease in cultivable bacterial colonies after antimicrobial treatment, and a downstream decrease in bacterial richness and abundance post-treatment, with colonization of several prominent pathogenic taxa including Vibrio and Tenacibaculum. Temporal tracing over a 14-day period demonstrated that the bacteriome of gill mucus is sensitive to change, and altered by antimicrobial treatment and handling. This study identified candidate antimicrobial treatments which could be implemented in future studies to illustrate the effect of dysbiosis on microbial gill diseases.
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14
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Abraham TJ, Julinta RB, Roy A, Singha J, Patil PK, Kumar KA, Paria P, Behera BK. Dietary therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline negatively influences the antioxidant capacity and immune-related genes expression in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103685. [PMID: 34058379 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the dietary therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline (OTC) at 80 mg/kg biomass/day for consecutive 10 days on the behaviour, feed intake, mortality, residue accumulation and depletion, antioxidant capacity and immune-related genes expression in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were evaluated. OTC-dosing caused mortalities, reduced feed intake, and biomass reduction at 24.5-28.5 °C. OTC residues recorded on day 10 (161.40 ± 11.10 ng/g) were within the maximum residue limits of the Codex Alimentarius. The withdrawal period was 7 days as per the European Commission's regulation. Traces of residues were present even on day 42 post-OTC-dosing. Dietary OTC reduced the antioxidant capacity of the liver and muscle tissues and down-regulated the expression of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and heat shock protein-70 genes in the liver significantly during the dosing period. The data generated on the biosafety of OTC-dosing may offer inputs for the development of management strategies in maintaining fish health and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700094, India.
| | - Roy Beryl Julinta
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700094, India
| | - Anwesha Roy
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700094, India
| | - Jasmine Singha
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700094, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Patil
- Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Raja Annamalai Puram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600028, India
| | - Kesavan Ashok Kumar
- Fish Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willington Island, Cochin, Kerala, 682029, India
| | - Prasenjit Paria
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700120, India
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700120, India
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15
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Farag MR, Abdelnour SA, Patra AK, Dhama K, Dawood MAO, Elnesr SS, Alagawany M. Propolis: Properties and composition, health benefits and applications in fish nutrition. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 115:179-188. [PMID: 34153430 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a viscous, waxy, resinous substance that is produced from the exudates of flowers and buds by the action of salivary enzymes of honey bees. Propolis may differ in color (brown, red or green), with color being influenced by the chemical composition and age of the product. Propolis has a special distinctive odor owing to the high concentration of volatile essential oils. It is composed of 5% pollen grains, 10% essential and aromatic oils, 30% wax, 50% resin and balsams, and other minor trace substances. Natural propolis products may be useful for a range of applications in aquaculture systems instead of relying on the application of synthetic compounds to manage many ailments that affect business profitability. It has been reported in several studies that propolis enhances performance, economics, immunity response and disease resistance in different fish species. This present review discusses the functional actions of propolis and the prospects of its use as an antimicrobial, antioxidant, immune-modulatory, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory and food additive in aquaculture production. In summary, propolis could be a natural supplement that has the potential to improve fish health status and immunity thereby enhancing growth and productivity of the fish industry as well as economic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Sameh A Abdelnour
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Amlan K Patra
- Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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16
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Crescenzo G, Tinelli A, Centoducati G, Zizzadoro C, Leone R, Piccinno M, Lai O. Residue depletion and histopathological alterations in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) after oral administration of oxytetracycline. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.1921779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Crescenzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Claudia Zizzadoro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Rosa Leone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Piccinno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Olimpia Lai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70010, Italy
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17
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Seibel H, Baßmann B, Rebl A. Blood Will Tell: What Hematological Analyses Can Reveal About Fish Welfare. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:616955. [PMID: 33860003 PMCID: PMC8042153 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.616955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood analyses provide substantial information about the physiological aspects of animal welfare assessment, including the activation status of the neuroendocrine and immune system, acute and long-term impacts due to adverse husbandry conditions, potential diseases, and genetic predispositions. However, fish blood is still not routinely analyzed in research or aquaculture for the assessment of health and/or welfare. Over the years, the investigative techniques have evolved from antibody-based or PCR-based single-parameter analyses to now include transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic approaches and from hematological observations to fluorescence-activated blood cell sorting in high-throughput modes. The range of testing techniques established for blood is now broader than for any other biogenic test material. Evaluation of the particular characteristics of fish blood, such as its cell composition, the nucleation of distinct blood cells, or the multiple isoforms of certain immune factors, requires adapted protocols and careful attention to the experimental designs and interpretation of the data. Analyses of fish blood can provide an integrated picture of the endocrine, immunological, reproductive, and genetic functions under defined environmental conditions and treatments. Therefore, the scarcity of high-throughput approaches using fish blood as a test material for fish physiology studies is surprising. This review summarizes the wide range of techniques that allow monitoring of informative fish blood parameters that are modulated by different stressors, conditions, and/or treatments. We provide a compact overview of several simple plasma tests and of multiparametric analyses of fish blood, and we discuss their potential use in the assessment of fish welfare and pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Seibel
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
- Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH (GMA), Büsum, Germany
| | - Björn Baßmann
- Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Rebl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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18
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Londero ÉP, Bressan CA, Pês TS, Saccol EMH, Baldisserotto B, Finamor IA, Pavanato MA. Rutin-added diet protects silver catfish liver against oxytetracycline-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108848. [PMID: 32777463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is unknown whether the flavonoid rutin can protect the silver catfish liver in response to exposure to a known stressor, such as the prophylactic usage of the antimicrobial agent oxytetracycline. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the effect of rutin incorporation into the silver catfish diet formulation on oxytetracycline-induced liver oxidative stress and apoptosis. Fish were split into four groups as follows: control, rutin (1.5 g kg diet-1), oxytetracycline (0.1 g kg diet-1) and rutin+oxytetracycline (1.5 g kg diet-1 and 0.1 g kg diet-1, respectively). After two weeks of feeding with the different diets (standard, rutin-, oxytetracycline and rutin+oxytetracycline-added diets), fish were euthanized to collect the liver. Although the rutin-added diet was unable to recover glutathione peroxidase activity, ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, which were depleted due to oxytetracycline consumption, it markedly diminished the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content, thus decreasing the GSSG to GSH ratio, an important index of oxidative stress. It also increased glutathione reductase and markedly augmented glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, which were declined after oxytetracycline ingestion. Furthermore, the rutin-added diet reestablished superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and reduced lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and superoxide anion levels as well, all changes resulting from oxytetracycline consumption. Finally, it also prevented oxytetracycline-induced apoptosis through increasing heat shock protein 70 and markedly decreasing high mobility group box 1 and, consequently, reducing cleaved caspase-3 protein levels. Therefore, in conclusion, the incorporation of this flavonoid to the silver catfish diet protected the liver against oxytetracycline-induced liver oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika P Londero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Caroline A Bressan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Tanise S Pês
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Etiane M H Saccol
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Isabela A Finamor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Maria A Pavanato
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
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19
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da Silva Pês T, Saccol EMH, Jerez-Cepa I, de Moraes Ourique G, Gilannejad N, Baldisserotto B, Martínez-Rodríguez G, Mancera JM, Pavanato MA. Quercetin attenuates endocrine and metabolic responses to oxytetracycline in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 238:108864. [PMID: 32781297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify whether dietary quercetin protects against the detrimental effects induced by oxytetracycline (OTC) administration in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Fish were divided into different experimental groups that received OTC and/or quercetin, either during 14 or 21 days. To determine the endocrine system stress response, we have measured the brain mRNA expression levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh), proopiomelanocortins (pomca and pomcb) and some of the pituitary hormones (growth hormone [gh], somatolactin [sl], and prolactin [prl]). We have also quantified the levels of cortisol as well as some metabolites (glucose, glycogen, lactate, and triglycerides) in the plasma. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of hexokinase, phosphorylase (active GPase), fructose-biphosphatase (FBP), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and gill Na+/K+-ATPase were measured. The results demonstrated that OTC activates the silver catfish stress response by increasing the plasma cortisol and decreasing the glucose levels at 14 and 21 days. Additionally, OTC also altered the fish hepatic metabolic status as demonstrated by an increase in triglycerides levels and the enzymatic activity of both FBP and GDH after 14 days. OTC also stimulated Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the gill after 14 days and altered the hypophyseal expression of gh (at 14 and 21 days) and prl (at 14 days). The co-treatment with 1.5 g of quercetin could prevent most of the alterations caused by OTC, strongly suggesting quercetin as a beneficial compound when added to the fish diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanise da Silva Pês
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Etiane Medianeira Hundertmarck Saccol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ismael Jerez-Cepa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Giovana de Moraes Ourique
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Neda Gilannejad
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Mancera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Maria Amália Pavanato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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20
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Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Chhabra M, Rahmani J, Momeni A, Karam G, Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Nouri M, Clark C, Salehi P, Hekmatdoost A. The effect of propolis on anthropometric indices and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:1835-1843. [PMID: 33520864 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background & objectives The current evidence base regarding the impact of propolis consumption on lipid profile in humans is equivocal. Thus, we sought to investigate the impact of propolis consumption on anthropometric indices and lipid profile in this meta-analysis. Methods Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched up to December 2019. A random-effects model used to pool effect size. The leave-one-out method used to conduct sensitivity analysis. Results Five RCTs were included in this study. Our findings indicated a significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) (WMD: -3.91 mg/dl, 95% CI: -4.22, -3.60), and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (WMD: 3.41 mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.05, 6.76), however, for body mass index, weight, cholesterol (CL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), no significant alterations were evident. Conclusion This study revealed that consumption of propolis is associated with a reduction in TG levels, in addition to an increase in HDL levels. Nevertheless, additional research is required to further delineate the relationship between propolis consumption and lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Salehi-Sahlabadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manik Chhabra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab India
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Momeni
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Humanity Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Giorgio Karam
- College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Students' Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Cain Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Pantea Salehi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Sun S, Korheina DKA, Fu H, Ge X. Chronic exposure to dietary antibiotics affects intestinal health and antibiotic resistance gene abundance in oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense), and provokes human health risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137478. [PMID: 32145616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are employed worldwide to treat diseases of humans and other animals, but most antibiotics and their secondary metabolites are discharged into the aquatic environment, and these pollutants are emerging as a severe threat to human health. However, the systematic effects of dietary antibiotics on intestinal health in crustaceans and the associated risk to human health have not been thoroughly investigated, especially the effects on growth, immune responses, intestinal health, and the abundance of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In the present work, two typical antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and oxytetracycline) were administered orally to juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) for eight weeks to mimic long-term use of antibiotics at legal aquaculture doses. The results indicate that dietary exposure to antibiotics significantly inhibited the growth performance of prawns, suppressed immunological parameters, and caused higher mortality in prawns challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Furthermore, prawns fed a diet containing antibiotics displayed a decrease in the number of intestinal goblet cells and lower digestive enzyme activity, as well as impaired intestine antioxidant ability and immune responses. Additionally, redundancy analysis revealed that different dominant bacterial phyla were responsible for increased ARG abundance in the prawn intestinal tract between control and antibiotic diet groups. The health risks posed by antibiotic residues in prawn muscle were also evaluated. Our findings demonstrate the risk posed by long-term use of dietary antibiotics in prawns, and suggest that antibiotics should be administered more carefully during aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | | | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
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Qiu W, Liu X, Yang F, Li R, Xiong Y, Fu C, Li G, Liu S, Zheng C. Single and joint toxic effects of four antibiotics on some metabolic pathways of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137062. [PMID: 32036144 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In China, antibiotics are commonly used for human and veterinary medicine, and they are present in various environmental media. Thus, the toxic effects of antibiotics on organisms have attracted the attention of society and scientists alike. In this study, zebrafish embryos were used to test the single and joint toxicity of four antibiotics, sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), cefotaxime sodium (CFT), tetracycline (TC), enrofloxacin (ENR), and their combinations, combining the results of experimental and omics techniques. Following exposure to antibiotics for 120 h, the body lengths of zebrafish larvae in all 100 μg/L antibiotic groups were significantly shortened, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the 100 μg/L Mix group was significantly increased. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) showed that the mRNA level of numerous genes was significantly changed in the five antibiotic treatment groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed a significant enrichment of the steroid biosynthesis and other metabolism pathways. Hub gene analysis highlighted dhcr24, acat1, aldh1a2, aldh8a1, suclg2, hadh, and hsdl2 as the key genes, and hub gene expression changes because of the antibiotic treatment suggested that the metabolic system of the zebrafish larvae was severely disrupted by the interaction with other genes. In conclusion, single or joint exposure to different antibiotics at environmental concentrations affected the early development and metabolic system of zebrafish larvae, and our results provide fundamental evidence for future studies of antibiotic toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xinjie Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Rongzhen Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Caixia Fu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Guanrong Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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23
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Effect of dietary threonine on growth performance and muscle growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant-related signalling pathways of hybrid catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:121-134. [PMID: 31637992 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary threonine (Thr) on growth performance and muscle growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant-related signalling pathways of hybrid catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂. A total of 1200 fish (14·19 (se 0·13) g) were randomly distributed into six groups with four replicates each, fed six diets with graded level of Thr (9·5, 11·5, 13·5, 15·4, 17·4 and 19·3 g/kg diets) for 56 d. Results showed (P < 0·05) that dietary Thr (1) increased percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio; (2) up-regulated growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen, myogenic regulation factors (MyoD, Myf5, MyoG and Mrf4) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) mRNA levels; (3) increased muscle protein content via regulating the protein kinase B/target of rapamycin signalling pathway and (4) decreased malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents, increased catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase and GSH activities, up-regulated mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes related to NFE2-related factor 2 and γ-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit. These results suggest that Thr has a potential role to improve muscle growth and protein synthesis, which might be due to the regulation of GH-IGF system, muscle growth-related gene, antioxidative capacity and protein synthesis-related signalling pathways. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of specific growth rate, the Thr requirement of hybrid catfish (14·19-25·77 g) was estimated to be 13·77 g/kg of the diet (33·40 g/kg of dietary protein).
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Rosado D, Xavier R, Severino R, Tavares F, Cable J, Pérez-Losada M. Effects of disease, antibiotic treatment and recovery trajectory on the microbiome of farmed seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Sci Rep 2019; 9:18946. [PMID: 31831775 PMCID: PMC6908611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucosal surfaces of fish harbour microbial communities that can act as the first-line of defense against pathogens. Infectious diseases are one of the main constraints to aquaculture growth leading to huge economic losses. Despite their negative impacts on microbial diversity and overall fish health, antibiotics are still the method of choice to treat many such diseases. Here, we use 16 rRNA V4 metataxonomics to study over a 6 week period the dynamics of the gill and skin microbiomes of farmed seabass before, during and after a natural disease outbreak and subsequent antibiotic treatment with oxytetracycline. Photobacterium damselae was identified as the most probable causative agent of disease. Both infection and antibiotic treatment caused significant, although asymmetrical, changes in the microbiome composition of the gills and skin. The most dramatic changes in microbial taxonomic abundance occurred between healthy and diseased fish. Disease led to a decrease in the bacterial core diversity in the skin, whereas in the gills there was both an increase and a shift in core diversity. Oxytetracycline caused a decrease in core diversity in the gill and an increase in the skin. Severe loss of core diversity in fish mucosae demonstrates the disruptive impact of disease and antibiotic treatment on the microbial communities of healthy fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rosado
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Severino
- Piscicultura Vale da Lama, Sapal do Vale da Lama, Odiáxere, 8600-258, Lagos, Portugal
| | - Fernando Tavares
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências, Departmento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jo Cable
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Computational Biology Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052, USA
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25
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Mişe Yonar S. Growth performance, haematological changes, immune response, antioxidant activity and disease resistance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diet supplemented with ellagic acid. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:391-398. [PMID: 31676428 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of various levels of dietary ellagic acid (EA) on growth performance, haematological values, immune response, protection against Yersinia ruckeri infection, and oxidant/antioxidant status in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed with the control diet and three different experimental diets containing three graded levels of EA (50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 diet) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth performance [weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], haematological values [the red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Ht) level and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)], immune response [white blood cell (WBC) count, oxidative radical production (nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay), phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI), total protein (TP) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, serum bactericidal activity (BA), lysozyme (LYZ) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities] and oxidant/antioxidant status [tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities] were analysed. In addition, fish were challenged by Y. ruckeri and survival rate was recorded for 14 days. In the groups fed with EA the growth parameters such as WG, SGR, and FCR did not vary significantly. The RBC count, Hb concentration, and Ht level increased in the groups fed with EA when compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the MCV, MCH and MCHC values among the groups. The results demonstrated enhancement in all the immunological parameters in the groups fed with EA compared to the control group. The results obtained from challenge with Y. ruckeri revealed reduction in the mortalities in the groups fed with EA. The dietary EA stimulated the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in liver, head kidney and spleen as compared to the control group; however, a reverse trend was observed in the MDA levels of tissues. The present study suggest that EA can effectively enhance the haematological values, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Mişe Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey.
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26
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Zhao Y, Wu XY, Xu SX, Xie JY, Xiang KW, Feng L, Liu Y, Jiang WD, Wu P, Zhao J, Zhou XQ, Jiang J. Dietary tryptophan affects growth performance, digestive and absorptive enzyme activities, intestinal antioxidant capacity, and appetite and GH-IGF axis-related gene expression of hybrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1627-1647. [PMID: 31161532 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 56-day feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on growth performance, digestive and absorptive enzyme activities, intestinal antioxidant capacity, and appetite and GH-IGF axis-related genes expression of hybrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂). A total of 864 hybrid catfish (21.82 ± 0.14 g) were fed six different experimental diets containing graded levels of Trp at 2.6, 3.1, 3.7, 4.2, 4.7, and 5.6 g kg-1 diet. The results indicated that dietary Trp increased (P < 0.05) (1) final body weight, percent weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio; (2) fish body protein, lipid and ash contents, protein, and ash production values; (3) stomach weight, stomach somatic index, liver weight, intestinal weight, length and somatic index, and relative gut length; and (4) activities of pepsin in the stomach; trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, and amylase in the pancreas and intestine; and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, Na+, K+-ATPase, and alkaline phosphatase in the intestine. Dietary Trp decreased malondialdehyde content, increased antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione content, but downregulated Keap1 mRNA expression, and upregulated the expression of NPY, ghrelin, GH, GHR, IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, PIK3Ca, AKT1, TOR, 4EBP1, and S6K1 genes. These results indicated that Trp improved hybrid catfish growth performance, digestive and absorptive ability, antioxidant status, and appetite and GH-IGF axis-related gene expression. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of PWG, SGR, and FI, the dietary Trp requirement of hybrid catfish (21.82-39.64 g) was recommended between 3.96 and 4.08 g kg-1 diet (9.4-9.7 g kg-1 of dietary protein).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Shang-Xiao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kai-Wen Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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Limbu SM, Ma Q, Zhang ML, Du ZY. High fat diet worsens the adverse effects of antibiotic on intestinal health in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 680:169-180. [PMID: 31103895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and high fat diets are commonly used independently in global aquaculture production for fish health management and to spare the use of costly protein as energy sources, respectively, causing relatively similar metabolic effects and stresses. However, it is unknown whether dietary high fat worsens or attenuates the adverse effects caused by antibiotics in fish. We determined the ability of high fat diet to influence the adverse effects of oxytetracycline on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Thirty Nile tilapia weighing 8.45 ± 0.15 g were fed on medium fat (MF; 70 g/kg) and high fat (HF; 120 g/kg) diets and the same fat levels supplemented with 2.00 g/kg diet of OTC (80 mg/kg body weight/day) hereafter, MFO and HFO for 65 days. The general growth performance, feed efficiency and intestinal health of fish were evaluated. The Nile tilapia fed on HFO diet had significantly lower growth rate, body protein content and feed efficiency compared to those fed on MFO diet. Dietary HFO affected the intestine histomorphology, which decreased dramatically the tight junction proteins of Nile tilapia and induced microbiota dysbiosis compared to MFO diet. The Nile tilapia fed on HFO diet had increased oxidative stress, which stimulated drug detoxification response, caused endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis compared to those fed on MFO diet. The new findings from our study demonstrate that, the adverse effects of antibiotics in fish are different at medium and high fat contents. Feeding fish with high fat diets with antibiotics worsen the adverse effects. This enlightens our understanding on the risks of antibiotics misuse and also suggests that antibiotics should be more strictly limited in aquaculture, in which high fat diets are currently widely used in fish production worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samwel M Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Qiang Ma
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Yonar ME, Mişe Yonar S, İspir Ü, Ural MŞ. Effects of curcumin on haematological values, immunity, antioxidant status and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:83-90. [PMID: 30898618 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various levels of dietary curcumin on growth performance, haematological values, immunity and protection against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes infection in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were fed with diets containing different levels of curcumin; 0% (C), %1 (E1), %2 (E2) and %4 (E3), as treatment groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, the growth performance [weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], haematological values [the red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Ht) level and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)], various immune parameters [white blood cell (WBC) count, oxidative radical production (nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay), phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI), total protein (TP) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, serum bactericidal (BA), lysozyme (LYZ) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities] and antioxidant capacity [tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities] were analysed. In addition, fish were challenged by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes and survival rate was recorded for 14 days. The results indicated that the growth performance was significantly influenced by the dietary curcumin levels, the maximal WG and SGR occurred at fish fed the diet containing 2% curcumin. Fish fed the diet containing curcumin had lower FCR than those fed the control diet. The RBC count, Hb concentration, and Ht level increased in the groups fed with curcumin when compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the MCV, MCH and MCHC values among experimental groups. All the chosen immune parameters were enhanced in the groups fed diets containing curcumin. Also, the relative percentage survivals were higher in the groups fed with curcumin, especially in the E2 group, compared to the control. The dietary curcumin stimulated the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in liver, head kidney and spleen as compared to the control group; however, a reverse trend was observed in the MDA levels of tissues. The highest values for haematological, immunological (except TP level of E3 group) and antioxidant parameters were found in the E2 group. These results collectively suggest that curcumin can be used in aquaculture to improve the growth, haematological values, immune responses, antioxidant capacity and disease resistance of rainbow trout, O. mykiss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Enis Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Serpil Mişe Yonar
- Firat University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Ünal İspir
- Malatya Turgut Özal University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mevlüt Şener Ural
- Firat University, College of Keban, Fisheries Programme, 23700 Elazig, Turkey
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29
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Almeida AR, Tacão M, Machado AL, Golovko O, Zlabek V, Domingues I, Henriques I. Long-term effects of oxytetracycline exposure in zebrafish: A multi-level perspective. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:333-344. [PMID: 30708167 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used in livestock production. Like many other pharmaceuticals, OTC is not completely metabolized by the organism and thus, increasing amounts of the compound are being detected in the aquatic environment. The assessment of the environmental risk of pharmaceuticals is hindered by their very low concentrations and specific modes of action and thus relevant exposure scenarios and sensitive endpoints are needed. Thus, this work aimed to study the long-term effect of OTC exposure in zebrafish (at behavior and biochemical levels) and associated bacterial communities (fish gut and water bacterial communities). Results revealed that at behavioral level, boldness increase (manifested by increased exploratory behavior of a new environment) was observed in fish exposed to low OTC concentrations. Moreover, changes in fish swimming pattern were observed in light periods (increased stress response: hyperactivity and freezing) probably due to photo-sensibility conferred by OTC exposure. Effects at biochemical level suggest that long-term exposure to OTC interfere with cellular energy allocation mainly by reducing lipids levels and increasing energy consumption. Moreover, evidences of oxidative damage were also observed (reduced levels of TG, GST and CAT). The analysis of water and gut microbiome revealed changes in the structure and diversity of bacterial communities potentially leading to changes in communities' biological function. Some of the effects were observed at the lowest concentration tested, 0.1 μg/L which is a concentration already detected in the environment and thus clearly demonstrating the need of a serious ecotoxicological assessment of OTC effects on non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Almeida
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Tacão
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Machado
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Oksana Golovko
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Zlabek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Inês Domingues
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Henriques
- CESAM & Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martins de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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30
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Histopathological effects in gills and liver of Sparus aurata following acute and chronic exposures to erythromycin and oxytetracycline. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15481-15495. [PMID: 30937749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to their worldwide use and environmental persistence, antibiotics are frequently detected in various aquatic compartments. Their toxic properties raise environmental concerns to non-target organisms. Histopathology data is frequently applied in ecotoxicology studies to assess the effects of different classes of environmental stressors in fish, including antibiotics. Tissue alterations in gills and liver of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) individuals acutely (96 h) and chronically (28 days) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the antibiotics erythromycin (ERY: 0.0002-200 μg/L) and oxytetracycline (OTC: 0.0004-400 μg/L), including a control non-exposed group, were evaluated. Several disorders (circulatory, regressive, progressive, and inflammatory) were observed in both organs of all exposed animals. The hereby obtained data showed a higher and significant increase in gill histopathological index of organisms acutely exposed to ERY and of those chronically exposed to OTC. In terms of categorical lesions, only a significant increase of regressive and progressive alterations occurred in gills after chronic exposure to OTC. For the liver, a significant increase in pathological index was also detected, as well as regressive changes, after chronic exposure to OTC. Furthermore, the present study indicates that most of the changes observed in gills and liver were of mild to moderate severity, which might be adaptive or protective, non-specific, and mostly reversible. Despite being observed, irreversible lesions were not significant in any of the fish organs analyzed. Although there were histological changes, gill apparatus was considered still functionally normal, as well as liver tissue, not supporting the occurrence of severe toxicity. In general, the observed histological changes were not stressor-specific, and toxicological mechanistic explanations for the alterations observed in gills and liver are presented. The obtained data showed that histopathological biomarkers can be successfully applied in ecotoxicological studies, evidencing their relevance, responsivity, and complementarity to other biochemical biomarker-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sara C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
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31
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Kumar N, Singh NP. Effect of dietary selenium on immuno-biochemical plasticity and resistance against Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria in fish reared under multiple stressors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:38-47. [PMID: 30261297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation aims to study role of dietary selenium (Se) on growth performance, oxidative stress markers (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase), stress biomarkers [blood glucose, cortisol and heat shock protein (HSP 70) and immunological status, Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, total immunoglobulin and vitamin C] and survival of fish after Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria challenged. Pangasianodon hypophthalmus was treated with lead (Pb, 4 ppm), and high temperature (34 °C) for 60 days. The growth performance was reduced with declined in feed intake, growth rate and feed efficiency in case of group exposed with Pb alone and concurrent exposure to Pb high temperature (34 °C). The Se has immunomodulatory properties however, supplementation of the dietary Se @ 1 and 2 mg/kg diet has been realistically improved growth performance up to 240%, elevated antioxidative status in different tissues, and immunological status were also improved significantly in the P. hypophthalmus. The bacterial challenged with A. veronii biovar sobria in the P. hypophthalmus resulting in less cumulative mortality (%) and high relative (%) survival has been observed with supplementation of dietary Se @ 1 and 2 mg/kg diet. The bioaccumulation of Pb in muscle tissue has been also drastically reduced with supplementation of dietary Se in feed. Hence, overall results indicated that, dietary Se @ 1 and 2 mg/kg have ability to enhanced overall performance and alleviated multiple stresses in P hypophthalmus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Baramati, Pune, 413115, India.
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Baramati, Pune, 413115, India
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Rangasamy B, Hemalatha D, Shobana C, Nataraj B, Ramesh M. Developmental toxicity and biological responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:423-433. [PMID: 30243208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ketoprofen a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is widely used in over-the-counter to treat pain, swelling and inflammation. Due to extensive application these drugs has been detected in surface waters which may create a risk to aquatic organisms. The aim of the present study is to assess the ecotoxicity of ketoprofen at different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 μg/ml) on embryos and adult zebrafish (1, 10 and 100 μg L-1) under laboratory conditions. In embryos, concentration dependent developmental changes such as edema, spinal curvature, slow heartbeat, delayed hatching, and mortality rate were observed. In adult zebrafish, biochemical enzymes such as AST, ALT and LDH activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased whereas a decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase activity was noticed in all the tested concentrations of the drug ketoprofen. Similarly, exposure of ketoprofen caused a significant decrease in antioxidant levels in liver tissue (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx, and GST). However, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in liver tissue was found to be increased. The histopathological studies further evidenced the impact of ketoprofen in the liver tissue of zebrafish. The present result concludes that ketoprofen could have an impact on the development and biological endpoints of the zebra fish at above concentrations. The malformation in the development of the embryo and changes in the biological end points may provide integrated evaluation of the toxic effect of ketoprofen on zebrafish in a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basuvannan Rangasamy
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, Unit of Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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33
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Correia AT, Nunes B. Oxytetracycline effects in specific biochemical pathways of detoxification, neurotransmission and energy production in Oncorhynchus mykiss. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:100-108. [PMID: 30098505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a tetracycline antibiotic, widely used in human and veterinary medicines, including in aquaculture. Given this use, OTC has been detected in different aquatic environments. Some recent works have demonstrated unintentional biological activity of OTC in non-target aquatic organisms. This study investigated the acute and chronic effects of OTC on the physiology of the fish species Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), namely through the quantification of the activity of enzymes involved in different biochemical pathways, such as detoxification (phase II - glutathione S-transferases - GSTs, uridine-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases - UGTs), neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase - AChE) and energy production (lactate dehydrogenase - LDH). The here-obtained data demonstrated the induction of GSTs activity in gills, and inhibition of AChE activity in eyes tissue, in chronically exposed organisms, as well as alterations in LDH activity following both exposures. Considering this set of results, we can infer that OTC exposure may have induced the glutathione pathway of detoxification in gills with the involvement of GSTs, or indirectly due to the metabolites that may have been produced. In turn, these metabolites may have interfered with the mechanism of neurotransmission, also causing physiological and biochemical disturbances in rainbow trout after OTC exposure, namely disturbances in energetic metabolism. In addition, it is important to stress that such occurrences took place at low, environmentally realistic levels of OTC, suggesting that organisms exposed in the wild may be putative targets of toxic effects by commonly used drugs such as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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34
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Trushenski JT, Aardsma MP, Barry KJ, Bowker JD, Jackson CJ, Jakaitis M, McClure RL, Rombenso AN. Oxytetracycline does not cause growth promotion in finfish. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1667-1677. [PMID: 29608688 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, use of antibiotics to enhance terrestrial animal growth performance was a common, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, but controversial practice. There are no FDA-approved production claims for antibiotic drug use in fish, but it is a common misconception that antibiotics are widely used for this purpose in U.S. aquaculture. Antibiotics are not thought to be effective growth promoters in fish, but there is little quantitative data available to address whether there are growth-promoting effects that might incentivize the use of antibiotics in this way, despite legal prohibitions. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if oral administration of oxytetracycline, an antibiotic with known growth-promoting effects in terrestrial livestock, has a similar effect when applied to channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, hybrid striped bass Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis, Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, or rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Oxytetracycline products with production claims are typically applied at doses substantially lower than the approved therapeutic doses for the same products. Medication (0, 0.24, or 1.2 g oxytetracycline dihydrate kg-1 feed) and feeding rates (3% BW d-1) were selected to achieve target daily doses of 0, 16, or 80 mg kg-1 fish representing control, subtherapeutic, and therapeutic treatments. Replicate groups of fish (N = 4) were fed accordingly for 8 wk. Overall, oral administration of oxytetracycline did not affect survival or promote growth of the selected taxa, with no significant differences observed for weight gain, feed conversion ratio, or specific growth rate (P > 0.05 in all cases). Few differences were observed in organosomatic indices and in the frequency of tissue abnormalities; where present, these differences tended to suggest a negative effect of long-term dietary exposure to oxytetracycline. These data demonstrate that there is no benefit to dietary supplementation with oxytetracycline for nontherapeutic purposes in a range of economically important finfish species. As such, our results indicate there is little incentive to misuse oxytetracycline products for purposes of growth promotion in U.S. aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse T Trushenski
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL.,Eagle Fish Health Laboratory, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Eagle, ID
| | - Matthew P Aardsma
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL
| | - Kelli J Barry
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL
| | - James D Bowker
- Aquatic Animal Drug Approval Partnership Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman, MT
| | - Christopher J Jackson
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL
| | - Michelle Jakaitis
- Eagle Fish Health Laboratory, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Eagle, ID
| | - Rebecca L McClure
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL
| | - Artur N Rombenso
- Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL
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35
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Correia AT, Nunes B. Ecotoxicological evaluation of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) exposed to the antibiotic oxytetracycline using a multibiomarker approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 141:233-246. [PMID: 30227982 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic widely used in human and veterinary medicines. Since the primary toxicity occurs mainly at molecular/biochemical levels, the study of different biological responses corresponds to a sensitive and crucial approach. The aim of the present study was to assess the toxic effects of OTC in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) through the use of multibiomarkers and elucidate about the possible toxicological mechanisms involved. S. aurata were acutely (96 h: 0.04-400 μg/L) and chronically (28 days: 0.0004-4 μg/L) exposed to OTC. Detoxification, antioxidant defense, lipid peroxidation, genotoxicity, neurotransmission and energy metabolism biomarkers were evaluated. OTC impaired the detoxification pathways and caused peroxidative damage and genotoxicity. The relevance of the here-obtained data is high, since significant effects were recorded for levels already reported to occur in the wild, meaning that environmentally-exposed marine organisms (including those cultured at fish farms) are not completely exempt of risks posed by OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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36
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Dotta G, de Andrade JIA, Garcia P, Alves Jesus GF, Mouriño JLP, Mattos JJ, Dias Bainy AC, Martins ML. Antioxidant enzymes, hematology and histology of spleen in Nile tilapia fed supplemented diet with natural extracts challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:175-180. [PMID: 29763734 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the extrats of propolis and Aloe barbadensis (aloe) on the antioxydant enzime activity, hematology and histology of the spleen of Nile tilapia challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Seventy two juvenile Nile tilapia were divided in four treatments and three replicates and fed extract mixture for 15 days: fish fed supplemented diet with 1% of the mixture of extracts of propolis and aloe (1:1) injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); fish fed suplemented diet with 1% of the mixture of extracts of propolis and aloe (1:1) injected with the A. hydrophila, fish fed supplemented diet with the mixture of propolis extracts and aloe, injected with PBS and injected with A. hydrophila. The influence of the supplementation of propolis and Aloe extracts on the immunomodulation in tilapias was observed by the evaluation of the survival of the animals after challenge with A. hydrophila. Non-supplemented fish had a 44.5% survival rate and those supplemented with 1% of the mixture of extracts showed 55.6% survival 7 days after challenge. The supplemented animals also showed a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes in the evaluation of the blood parameters and, consequently, in the histopathological evaluation, presented greater presence of centers of melanomacrophages. In addition, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR) in the spleen presented a significant difference in fish supplemented with 1% of the extracts mixture, being superior in the animals injected with PBS when compared to those challenged with A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana Dotta
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Inês Alves de Andrade
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Garcia
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Biochemistry Department, CCB, UFSC, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Biochemistry Department, CCB, UFSC, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Limbu SM, Zhou L, Sun SX, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Chronic exposure to low environmental concentrations and legal aquaculture doses of antibiotics cause systemic adverse effects in Nile tilapia and provoke differential human health risk. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:205-219. [PMID: 29604537 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotics used globally to treat human and animal diseases exist ubiquitously in the environment at low doses because of misuse, overdose and poor absorption after ingestion, coupled with their high-water solubility and degradation resistance. However, the systemic chronic effects of exposure to low environmental concentrations of antibiotics (LECAs) and legal aquaculture doses of antibiotics (LADAs) in fish and their human health risk are currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vivo chronic effects of exposure to LECAs and LADAs using oxytetracycline (OTC) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and their human health risk. METHODS Twenty O. niloticus weighing 27.73 ± 0.81 g were exposed to water containing LECAs (OTC at 420 ng/L and SMZ at 260 ng/L) and diets supplemented with LADAs (OTC 80 mg/kg/day and SMZ 100 mg/kg/day) for twelve weeks. General physiological functions, metabolic activities, intestinal and hepatic health were systemically evaluated. The possible human health risks of the consumption of the experimental Nile tilapia fillets in adults and children were assessed by using risk quotient. RESULTS After exposure, we observed retarded growth performance accompanied by reduced nutrients digestibility, feed efficiency, organ indices, and lipid body composition in treated fish. Antibiotics distorted intestinal morphological features subsequently induced microbiota dysbiosis and suppressed intestinal tight junction proteins. Exposure of fish to LECAs and LADAs induced oxidative stress, suppressed innate immunity, stimulated inflammatory and detoxification responses, concomitantly inhibited antioxidant capacity and caused lipid peroxidation in intestine and liver organs. Both LECAs and LADAs enhanced gluconeogenesis, inhibited lipogenesis and fatty acid beta oxidation in intestine and liver organs. The exposure of fish to LECAs and LADAs induced anaerobic glycolytic pathway and affected intestinal fat catabolism in intestine while halted aerobic glycolysis, increased hepatic fat catabolism, and induced DNA damage in liver. The hazard risk quotient in children for fish treated with OTCD was >1 indicating human health risk. CONCLUSION Overall, both LECAs and LADAs impair general physiological functions, nutritional metabolism, and compromise fish immune system. Consumption of fish fed with legal OTC provokes health risk in children. Global stringent prohibition policy for use of antibiotics in aquaculture production and strategies to limit their release into the environment are urgently required to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samwel M Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Li Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sheng-Xiang Sun
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
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38
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Zhou L, Limbu SM, Qiao F, Du ZY, Zhang M. Influence of Long-Term Feeding Antibiotics on the Gut Health of Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2018; 15:340-348. [PMID: 29608420 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2017.1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics for anti-infection and growth promotion has caused the overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture. However, the benefit or risk of the long-term use of antibiotics on fish growth or health has not been fully addressed. In the present study, zebrafish were fed with sulfamethoxazole (SMX) or oxytetracycline (OTC) at the therapeutic concentrations (100 and 80 mg/kg body weight per day, respectively) for 6 weeks to mimic the long-term use of antibiotics. The digestive enzyme activities were higher in both antibiotic treatments, and higher oxygen consumption rate was found in OTC treated group. As a result, SMX increased the weight gain of zebrafish, and OTC treatment did not show significant prompting effect on growth. The mortality was higher in SMX or OTC treated group on 2nd-4th day after exposure to Aeromonas hydrophila. Lower alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities were found in OTC treated group, while higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found in the intestine of both SMX and OTC treated zebrafish. Furthermore, feeding OTC decreased the intestinal microbial richness. This study revealed that long-term use of legal aquaculture concentrations of antibiotics caused systemic adverse effects on fish gut health; stringent policy for use of antibiotics in fish is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- 1 Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- 1 Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China .,2 Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam , Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Fang Qiao
- 1 Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- 1 Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- 1 Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
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Zhou L, Limbu SM, Shen M, Zhai W, Qiao F, He A, Du ZY, Zhang M. Environmental concentrations of antibiotics impair zebrafish gut health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:245-254. [PMID: 29291524 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics have been widely used in human and veterinary medicine to both treat and prevent disease. Due to their high water solubility and low bioavailability, many antibiotic residues have been found in aquatic environments. Fish are an indispensable link between the environmental pollution and human health. However, the chronic effects of environmental concentrations of antibiotics in fish have not been thoroughly investigated. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and oxytetracycline (OTC) are frequently detected in aquatic environments. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to SMX (260 ng/L) and OTC (420 ng/L) for a six-week period. Results indicated that exposure to antibiotics did not influence weight gain of fish but increased the metabolic rate and caused higher mortality when treated fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Furthermore, exposure to antibiotics in water resulted in a significant decrease in intestinal goblet cell numbers, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, and the anti-oxidant response while there was a significant increase in expression of inflammatory factors. Antibiotic exposure also disturbed the intestinal microbiota in the OTC-exposed group. Our results indicated that environmental antibiotic concentrations can impair the gut health of zebrafish. The potential health risk of antibiotic residues in water should be evaluated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Meilin Shen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wanying Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Anyuan He
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Nakano T, Hayashi S, Nagamine N. Effect of excessive doses of oxytetracycline on stress-related biomarker expression in coho salmon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7121-7128. [PMID: 26111749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fish are exposed to a wide variety of environmental stressors, such as chemicals and acute changes in temperature. Oxytetracycline (OTC) has been used as an antibiotic for many kinds of bacterial diseases in cultured fish, but excessive doses of OTC are known to cause side effects in fish and can have negative effects on their environment. In the present study, we examined stress-related biomarker expression in response to excessive doses of dietary OTC in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Fish received OTC (100 mg/kg body weight/day) orally for 2 weeks. The percentage of liver to body weight (hepatosomatic index; HSI) and plasma biochemical parameter, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, of the group fed a diet containing OTC were observed to be significantly higher than those of the control group. The total glutathione (tGSH) levels in the liver of OTC-fed fish were four fold higher than those in control fish and double the control levels in muscle and stomach. Plasma tGSH levels in OTC-fed fish were also higher than those in control fish. Expression levels of heat shock protein 70 in the liver, muscle, and stomach decreased by OTC administration. Accordingly, OTC-induced stress might increase the metabolic turnover of GSH due to consumption by scavenging oxidants generated by stress. These results concerning the changing patterns of stress-related biomarkers indicate that excessive doses of OTC fed to coho salmon induce oxidative stress, which might enhance oxidation in the body and result in damage to tissues, especially in the liver. The present results also suggest that tissue-specific damage caused by OTC might already exist in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Nakano
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8555, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Hayashi
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8555, Japan
- Nagano Prefectural Hokushin Regional Office, 955 Oaza-Hekida, Nakano, Nagano, 383-8515, Japan
| | - Norimi Nagamine
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8555, Japan
- Orion Breweries Ltd., 1985-1 Aza-Gusukuma, Urasoe, Okinawa, 901-2551, Japan
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Mişe Yonar S, Köprücü K, Yonar ME, Silici S. Effects of dietary propolis on the number and size of pleopadal egg, oxidative stress and antioxidant status of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz). Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 184:149-159. [PMID: 28735886 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Four different crayfish diets; control, E1, E2 and E3, respectively containing 0, 1, 2 and 4% propolis, were tested to determine the effects of dietary propolis on the number and size of pleopadal egg, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus). The crayfish were kept at 9.6±5.3°C water temperature and fed three times daily during a six month period The pleopodal egg number (from 7 to 9) produced per gram of the body weight and total pleopodal egg number (from 201 to 263) significantly increased (P<0.05) with the dietary propolis supplemantation. However, an increase in the dietary propolis led to a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the pleopodal egg size (from 3.22mm to 2.76mm). MDA level significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the hepatopancreas (from 4.78 to 3.04 nmol/g protein) and ovarium (from 3.52 to 1.98 nmol/g protein) of the crayfish fed with the increased dietary propolis level. On the other hand, an increase in the dietary propolis led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in SOD activities in hepatopancreas (from 21.8 to 41.1U/g protein) and ovarium (from 16.8 to 26.8U/g protein). However, CAT activities significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the hepatopancreas (from 23.8 to 18.9 nmol/g protein) and ovarium (from 21.8 to 17.5 nmol/g protein) of the crayfish fed with the increased dietary propolis level. Similarly, an increase in the dietary propolis caused a significant decrease (P<0.05) in GSH-Px activities in the hepatopancreas (from 21.8 to 41.1U/g protein) and ovarium (from 16.8 to 26.8U/g protein) with the formation of the pleopodal egg. The dietary propolis improves reproductive efficiency in the crayfish and decreases the oxidative stress under controlled hatchery conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenan Köprücü
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Fırat, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Silici
- Agriculture Faculty, Agricultural Biotechnology, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Histological alterations in gills and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to the antibiotic oxytetracycline. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 53:164-176. [PMID: 28599186 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the gill and liver tissues of rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following acute (96h: 0.005-50mg/L) and chronic (28days: 0.3125-5μg/L) exposures. Results suggest the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the exposure to OTC and tissue damage. Most predominant disorders observed in gills were progressive (e.g. hypertrophy of mucous cells and hyperplasia of epithelial cells) in acute exposure and regressive (e.g. lamellar fusion, epithelial lifting of lamellae and some changes in tissue architecture) in chronic exposure. However, only the acute exposure was responsible for a significant increase of the total gill pathological index. PAGE index, reflecting the extent of gill tissue available for gas exchanges in fish, remained unchanged for both exposures. In liver, circulatory (e.g. hemorrhage and increase of sinusoidal space), regressive (e.g. pyknotic nucleus, vacuolization and hepatocellular degenerations) and progressive (e.g. hypertrophy of hepatocytes) changes were observed, but just after acute exposure. After chronic exposure, only inflammatory changes (e.g. leucocytes infiltration) were observed. Following both exposures, a significant increase of the total liver pathological index was recorded. Despite the increase of the histological damage in individuals exposed to OTC, lesions observed were of minimal or moderate pathological importance, non-specific and reversible. The data gathered following acute and chronic exposures also suggest the onset of adaptive mechanisms of fish, namely for longer exposure periods. Furthermore the observed histological alterations appear to be result of several physio-metabolic disorders consequence of the biochemical and molecular modes of action of OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
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Song ZX, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Wu P, Jiang J, Zhou XQ, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Feng L. Dietary zinc deficiency reduced growth performance, intestinal immune and physical barrier functions related to NF-κB, TOR, Nrf2, JNK and MLCK signaling pathway of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 66:497-523. [PMID: 28549941 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Our study investigated the effects of dietary zinc (Zn) deficiency on growth performance, intestinal immune and physical barrier functions of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 630 grass carp (244.14 ± 0.40 g) were fed graded levels of zinc lactate (10.71, 30.21, 49.84, 72.31, 92.56, 110.78 mg Zn/kg diet) and one zinc sulfate group (56.9 mg Zn/kg diet) for 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila for 14 days. These results indicated that compared with optimal dietary Zn level, dietary Zn deficiency (10.71 mg/kg diet) decreased the production of antibacterial compounds, up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines related to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and down-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines related to target of rapamycin (TOR) in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0.05), suggesting that dietary Zn deficiency could impair intestinal immune barrier of fish; decreased the activities and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes related to NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), up-regulated the mRNA levels of caspase-3, -7, -8, -9 related to p38 mitogen activated protein (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), down-regulated the mRNA levels of tight junction complexes (TJs) related to myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0.05), demonstrating that dietary Zn deficiency could injury intestinal physical barrier of fish. Besides, the Zn requirements (zinc lactate as Zn source) based on percent weight gain (PWG), against enteritis morbidity, acid phosphatase (ACP) activity in the proximal intestine (PI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the PI of young grass carp was estimated to be 61.2, 61.4, 69.2 and 69.5 mg/kg diet, respectively. Finally, based on specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and against enteritis morbidity of young grass carp, the efficacy of zinc lactate relative to zinc sulfate were 132.59%, 135.27% and 154.04%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xing Song
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Correia AT, Nunes B. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) pro-oxidant and genotoxic responses following acute and chronic exposure to the antibiotic oxytetracycline. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:104-117. [PMID: 27913897 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1746-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), an antibacterial agent, is extensively used in aquaculture practices all over the world, but also in human and veterinary medicines. Because of its intensive use, low rates of absorption by treated animals, inadequate disposal, and low efficiency of removal in wastewater treatment plants, the potential harmful effects on aquatic organisms are of great concern. This work aimed to assess the effects of this antibiotic in rainbow trout, following both acute and chronic exposures. Catalase (CAT), total glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRed) activities and lipid peroxidation (TBARS levels) were quantified as oxidative stress biomarkers, in gills and liver. Genotoxic endpoints, reflecting different types of genetic damage in blood cells, were also determined, by analysis of genetic damage (determination of the genetic damage index, GDI, measured by comet assay) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs). The obtained results showed a mild pattern of antioxidant response, with modifications in CAT and GPx activities in gills, and lipid peroxidation in liver. These results suggest that despite the occurrence of oxidative effects, a full scenario of oxidative stress is not likely. However, exposure to OTC resulted in the establishment of genotoxic alterations with the induction of DNA strand breaks in blood cells (increase of GDI), and of chromosome breakage and/or segregational abnormalities (increase of ENAs). Considering that the oxidative response was not totally devisable, other mechanisms may be involved in the genotoxic effects reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Zivna D, Plhalova L, Chromcova L, Blahova J, Prokes M, Skoric M, Marsalek P, Praskova E, Stepanova S, Svobodova Z. The effects of ciprofloxacin on early life stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:1733-1740. [PMID: 26632160 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The authors performed a toxicity test with ciprofloxacin in fertilized eggs of common carp according to guideline 210 of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The tested concentrations were 1 μg L(-1) , 100 μg L(-1) , 500 μg L(-1) , 1000 μg L(-1) , and 3000 μg L(-1) . Accelerated hatching was found in all groups exposed to ciprofloxacin, but significant growth reduction was found only in the group exposed to the highest concentration (3000 μg L(-1) ). Increased numbers of macroscopic morphological anomalies were observed on day 6 of the test (after hatching). The highest numbers of macroscopic morphological anomalies were observed in the groups of free embryos and larvae exposed to ciprofloxacin concentrations of 100 μg L(-1) , 500 μg L(-1) , 1000 μg L(-1) , and 3000 μg L(-1) (20-23% of tested samples). A gradual decrease in glutathione S-transferase activity was detected in all experimental groups exposed to ciprofloxacin, but significant differences (p < 0.01) were found only in groups treated with 500 μg L(-1) and 3000 μg L(-1) . Glutathione peroxidase and catalase exhibited increased activity in most of the tested concentrations (p < 0.01 and <0.05, respectively), whereas decreased glutathione reductase activity was found in the groups exposed to ciprofloxacin concentrations of 500 μg L(-1) and 3000 μg L(-1) (p < 0.05). The concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in all experimental groups exposed to ciprofloxacin. The lowest-observed-effect concentration of ciprofloxacin was 1 μg L(-1) . These results suggest that hatching, early ontogeny, occurrence of morphological anomalies, antioxidant and biotransformation enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation in fish can be affected by ciprofloxacin. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1733-1740. © 2015 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Zivna
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Plhalova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Chromcova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Prokes
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Misa Skoric
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsalek
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Praskova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Stepanova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Feng L, Chen YP, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Jiang J, Wu P, Zhao J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ. Modulation of immune response, physical barrier and related signaling factors in the gills of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed supplemented diet with phospholipids. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 48:79-93. [PMID: 26584756 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the gill immune response and physical barrier of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 1080 juvenile grass carp with an average initial weight of 9.34 ± 0.03 g were fed six semi-purified diets containing 0.40% (unsupplemented control group), 1.43%, 2.38%, 3.29%, 4.37% and 5.42% PL for 2 months. Compared with the control group, optimal PL supplementation increased (P < 0.05): (1) the lysozyme activity, acid phosphatase activity, complement component 3 (C3) content, liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 1 (LEAP-1) and LEAP-2 mRNA expression; (2) the relative mRNA expression of interleukin 10, transforming growth factor β1, inhibitor factor κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR); (3) the activities of anti-superoxide anion (ASA), anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione content and mRNA levels of SOD1, CAT, GPx, GR and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) genes; (4) the transcription abundance of occludin, claudin b, claudin c, claudin 12 and zonula occludens 1 genes. At the same time, appropriate PL supplementation decreased (P < 0.05): (1) tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65), IκB kinase β (IKKβ) and IκB kinase γ (IKKγ) mRNA expression; (2) malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and the relative mRNA expression of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a) and Keap1b; (3) the transcription abundance of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) genes. In conclusion, the positive effect of PL on gill health is associated with the improvement of the immunity, antioxidant status and tight junction barrier of fish gills. Finally, based on ACP activity, C3 content, PC content and ASA activity in the gills, the optimal dietary PL level for juvenile grass carp (9.34-87.50 g) was estimated to be 3.62%, 4.30%, 3.91% and 3.86%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yong-Po Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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47
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Jiang J, Zheng Z, Wang K, Wang J, He Y, Wang E, Chen D, Ouyang P, Geng Y, Huang X. Adjuvant Immune Enhancement of Subunit Vaccine Encoding pSCPI of Streptococcus iniae in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28001-13. [PMID: 26602918 PMCID: PMC4691029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is an important agricultural fish that has been plagued by Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) infections in recent years, some of them severe. C5a peptidase is an important virulent factor of S. iniae. In this study, the subunit vaccine containing the truncated part of C5a peptidase (pSCPI) was mixed with aluminum hydroxide gel (AH), propolis adjuvant (PA), and Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA). The immunogenicity of the pSCPI was detected by Western-blot in vitro. The relative percent survival (RPS), lysozyme activity, antibody titers, and the expression of the related immune genes were monitored in vivo to evaluate the immune effects of the three different adjuvants. The results showed that pSCPI exerted moderate immune protection (RPS = 46.43%), whereas each of the three adjuvants improved the immune protection of pSCPI. The immunoprotection of pSCPI + AH, pSCPI + PA, and pSCPI + FIA was characterized by RPS values of 67.86%, 75.00% and, 85.71%, respectively. Further, each of the three different adjuvanted pSCPIs stimulated higher levels of lysozyme activity and antibody titers than the unadjuvanted pSCPI and/or PBS buffer. In addition, pSCPI + FIA and pSCPI + PA induced expression of the related immune genes under investigation, which was substantially higher than the levels stimulated by PBS. pSCPI + AH significantly stimulated the induction of MHC II β, CD4-L2, and IFN-γ, while it induced slightly higher production of TNF-α and even led to a decrease in the levels of IL-1β, MHC I α, and CD8 α. Therefore, we conclude that compared with the other two adjuvants, FIA combined with pSCPI is a more promising candidate adjuvant against S. iniae in channel catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zonglin Zheng
- Department of Aquaculture, Rongchang Campus, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yang He
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Erlong Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Defang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Department of Aquaculture, Rongchang Campus, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Yi Geng
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Department of Aquaculture, Rongchang Campus, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China.
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48
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Biller-Takahashi JD, Takahashi LS, Mingatto FE, Urbinati EC. The immune system is limited by oxidative stress: Dietary selenium promotes optimal antioxidative status and greatest immune defense in pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:360-367. [PMID: 26370542 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive molecules containing oxygen, that form as byproducts of aerobic metabolism, including immune system processes. Too much ROS may cause oxidative stress. In this study, we examined whether it can also limit the production of immune system compounds. To assess the relationship between antioxidant status and immunity we evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation with organic selenium, given at various levels for 10 days, on the antioxidant and immune system of the pacu fish (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Fish fed a diet containing 0.6 mg Se-yeast kg(-1) showed significant improvement in antioxidant status, as well as in hematological and immunological profiles. Specifically, they had the highest counts for catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), red blood cells, and thrombocytes; the highest leukocyte count (particularly for monocytes); and the highest serum lysozyme activity. There was also a positive correlation between GPx and lysozyme in this group of fish. These findings indicate that short-term supplementation with 0.6 mg Se-yeast kg(-1) reestablished the antioxidative status, allowing the production of innate components which can boost immunity without the risk of oxidative stress. This study shows a relationship between oxidative stress and immunity, and, from a practical perspective, shows that improving immunity and health in pacu through the administration of selenium could improve their growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline D Biller-Takahashi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Rod. Cmte João Ribeiro de Barros, km 651, 17900-000 Dracena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo S Takahashi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Rod. Cmte João Ribeiro de Barros, km 651, 17900-000 Dracena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fábio E Mingatto
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Rod. Cmte João Ribeiro de Barros, km 651, 17900-000 Dracena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elisabeth C Urbinati
- Centro de Aquicultura, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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49
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Chen YP, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Jiang J, Wu P, Zhao J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ, Feng L. Exogenous phospholipids supplementation improves growth and modulates immune response and physical barrier referring to NF-κB, TOR, MLCK and Nrf2 signaling factors in the intestine of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:46-62. [PMID: 26306855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the growth performance, intestinal enzyme activity and immune response and intestinal physical barrier of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 1080 juvenile grass carp with an average initial weight of 9.34 ± 0.03 g were fed six semi-purified diets containing 0.40% (unsupplemented control group), 1.43%, 2.38%, 3.29%, 4.37% and 5.42% PL for 2 months. Results indicated that 3.29% PL increased lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and complement component 3 (C3) content (P < 0.05), up-regulated the mRNA relative expression levels of interleukin 10, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), inhibitor protein κBα (IκBα), target of rapamycin (TOR) and casein kinase 2 (CK2) (P < 0.05), and down-regulated tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β, nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65), IκB kinase β (IKKβ) and IκB kinase γ (IKKγ) mRNA relative expression levels (P < 0.05) in the intestine, suggesting that optimum PL could improve fish intestinal immunity. In addition, 3.29% PL increased the activities of anti-superoxide anion (ASA), anti-hydroxyl radical, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), the content of glutathione (P < 0.05), and the mRNA relative expression levels of occludin, zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), claudin 3, claudin 12, claudin b, claudin c, SOD1, GPx, GR and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and ROS content (P < 0.05), the mRNA relative expression levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in the intestine, indicating that the optimum PL could improve fish intestinal physical barrier. Finally, based on the PWG, C3 content in the DI, ACP activity in the DI, intestinal PC content and intestinal ASA activity, the optimal dietary PL levels for juvenile grass carp (9.34-87.50 g) were estimated to be 3.46%, 3.79%, 3.93%, 3.72%, and 4.12%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Po Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
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50
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Tapia-Paniagua ST, Vidal S, Lobo C, García de la Banda I, Esteban MA, Balebona MC, Moriñigo MA. Dietary administration of the probiotic SpPdp11: Effects on the intestinal microbiota and immune-related gene expression of farmed Solea senegalensis treated with oxytetracycline. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 46:449-458. [PMID: 26190256 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Few antimicrobials are currently authorised in the aquaculture industry to treat infectious diseases. Among them, oxytetracycline (OTC) is one of the first-choice drugs for nearly all bacterial diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary administration of OTC both alone and jointly with the probiotic Shewanella putrefaciens Pdp11 (SpPdp11) on the intestinal microbiota and hepatic expression of genes related to immunity in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. The results demonstrated that the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota of fish treated with OTC decreased compared with those of the control group but that these effects were lessened by the simultaneous administration of SpPdp11. In addition, specimens that received OTC and SpPdp11 jointly showed a decreased intensity of the Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) bands related to Vibrio genus and the presence of DGGE bands related to Lactobacillus and Shewanella genera. The relationship among the intestinal microbiota of fish fed with control and OTC diets and the expression of the NADPH oxidase and CASPASE-6 genes was demonstrated by a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) carried out in this study. In contrast, a close relationship between the transcription of genes, such as NKEF, IGF-β, HSP70 and GP96, and the DGGE bands of fish treated jointly with OTC and SpPdp11 was observed in the PCA study. In summary, the results obtained in this study demonstrate that the administration of OTC results in the up-regulation of genes related to apoptosis but that the joint administration of OTC and S. putrefaciens Pdp11 increases the transcription of genes related to antiapoptotic effects and oxidative stress regulation. Further, a clear relationship between these changes and those detected in the intestinal microbiota is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Tapia-Paniagua
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - S Vidal
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - C Lobo
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - I García de la Banda
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - M A Esteban
- Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M C Balebona
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - M A Moriñigo
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
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