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Bruhns T, Timm S, Feußner N, Engelhaupt S, Labrenz M, Wegner M, Sokolova IM. Combined effects of temperature and emersion-immersion cycles on metabolism and bioenergetics of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea (Magallana) gigas. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 192:106231. [PMID: 37862760 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Life on tidal coasts presents physiological major challenges for sessile species. Fluctuations in oxygen and temperature can affect bioenergetics and modulate metabolism and redox balance, but their combined effects are not well understood. We investigated the effects of intermittent hypoxia (12h/12h) in combination with different temperature regimes (normal (15 °C), elevated (30 °C) and fluctuating (15 °C water/30 °C air)) on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea (Magallana) gigas. Fluctuating temperature led to energetic costly metabolic rearrangements and accumulation of proteins in oyster tissues. Elevated temperature led to high (60%) mortality and oxidative damage in survivors. Normal temperature had no major negative effects but caused metabolic shifts. Our study shows high plasticity of oyster metabolism in response to oxygen and temperature fluctuations and indicates that metabolic adjustments to oxygen deficiency are strongly modulated by the ambient temperature. Co-exposure to constant elevated temperature and intermittent hypoxia demonstrates the limits of this adaptive metabolic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Bruhns
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Feußner
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sonja Engelhaupt
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Labrenz
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW), Department of Biological Oceanography, Seestraße 15, 18119, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mathias Wegner
- Alfred Wegener Institut - Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Coastal Ecology, Waddensea Station Sylt, Hafenstraße 43, 25992, List/Sylt, Germany
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 21, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
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Abasubong KP, Jiang GZ, Guo HX, Wang X, Huang YY, Dai YJ, Li XF, Dong YZ, Gabriel NN, Liu WB. Oral bovine serum albumin administration alleviates inflammatory signals and improves antioxidant capacity and immune response under thioacetamide stress in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:108996. [PMID: 37579810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
This investigation looks at the impact of oral bovine serum albumin (BSA) on antioxidants, immune responses, and inflammation signals in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. 480 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), a high carbohydrate diet (HCD), and a high-energy diet (HED) in six replicates for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were orally administered with 10% BSA for 10 h, then blood and liver samples from five fish were randomly obtained after 10 h to determine plasma inflammatory markers and inorganic components. Also, the leftover fish were injected with thioacetamide, blood and liver samples were simultaneously obtained at 12, 48, and 96 h, respectively, to determine antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory signals, with survival rates recorded at the same time interval. After 10 h, plasma inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factors (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), nitric oxide (NO), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and cortisol were significantly improved in fish fed HCD and HED as compared to the control. After thioacetamide stress, plasma lysozyme (LYM), complement 3, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as immunoglobulin M, levels all increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing time with maximum value attained at 96 h, but shows no difference among dietary treatment. Similar results were observed in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but tended to reduce at 96 h. nf-kb, tnf-α, and mcp-1 tend to decrease with the minimum value attained at 48 h and gradually decrease with increasing time at 96 h. After 96 h of the thioacetamide (TAA) challenge, the survival rate of blunt snout bream fed with an HFD and HCD was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 48, and 96 h before the administration of BSA. However, no differences were observed among dietary treatments after the BSA administration. Overall, this study indicated that oral dietary administration of BSA might greatly enhance the antioxidant capability and innate immunity and mitigates inflammation signals after TAA stress in blunt snout bream fed high energy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Prudence Abasubong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Zou Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel
- Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Sam Nujoma Campus, University of Namibia, Private Bag 462, Henties Bay, 9000, Namibia
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Lee Y, Roh H, Kim A, Park J, Lee JY, Kim YJ, Kang YR, Kang H, Kim S, Kim HS, Cha HJ, Choi YH, Nam BH, Park CI, Kim DH. Molecular mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) to Vibrio harveyi infection at higher water temperature. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108844. [PMID: 37225060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is one of the most important threats to farmed abalone worldwide. Although abalone is more susceptible to vibriosis at higher water temperatures, the molecular mode of action underlying this has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to address the high susceptibility of Halitotis discus hannai to V. harveyi infection using abalone hemocytes exposed to low and high temperatures. Abalone hemocytes were divided into four groups, 20C, 20V, 25C, and 25V, depending on co-culture with (V)/without (C) V. harveyi (MOI = 12.8) and incubation temperature (20 °C or 25 °C). After 3 h of incubation, hemocyte viability and phagocytic activity were measured, and RNA sequencing was performed using Illumina Novaseq. The expression of several virulence-related genes in V. harveyi was analyzed using real-time PCR. The viability of hemocytes was significantly decreased in the 25V group compared to cells in the other groups, whereas phagocytic activity at 25 °C was significantly higher than at 20 °C. Although a number of immune-associated genes were commonly upregulated in abalone hemocyte exposed to V. harveyi, regardless of temperature, pathways and genes regarding pro-inflammatory responses (interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor) and apoptosis were significantly overexpressed in the 25V group compared to the 25C group. Notably, in the apoptosis pathway, genes encoding executor caspases (casp3 and casp7) and pro-apoptotic factor, bax were significantly up-regulated only in the 25V group, while the apoptosis inhibitor, bcl2L1 was significantly up-regulated only in the 20V group compared to the control group at the respective temperatures. The co-culture of V. harveyi with abalone hemocytes at 25 °C up-regulated several virulence-related genes involved in quorum sensing (luxS), antioxidant activity (katA, katB, and sodC), motility (flgI), and adherence/invasion (ompU) compared to those at 20 °C. Therefore, our results showed that H. discus hannai hemocytes exposed to V. harveyi at 25 °C were highly stressed by vigorously activated inflammatory responses and that the bacterial pathogen overexpressed several virulence-related genes at the high temperature tested. The transcriptomic profile of both abalone hemocytes and V. harveyi in the present study provide insight into differential host-pathogen interactions depending on the temperature conditions and the molecular backgrounds related to increased abalone vulnerability upon global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhang Lee
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - HyeongJin Roh
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ahran Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yeop Lee
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jae Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ra Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyoyeong Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics, And Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, South Korea
| | - Chan-Il Park
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, South Korea.
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
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Freitas R, Arrigo F, Coppola F, Meucci V, Battaglia F, Soares AMVM, Pretti C, Faggio C. Combined effects of temperature rise and sodium lauryl sulfate in the Mediterranean mussel. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104132. [PMID: 37088267 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Personal care products (PCPs) are those compounds used daily (e.g., soaps, shampoos, deodorants, and toothpaste), explaining their frequent detection in aquatic systems. Still, scarce information is available on their effects on inhabiting wildlife. Among the most commonly used PCPs is the surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS). The present study investigated the influence of temperature (CTL 17 ºC vs 22 ºC) on the effects of SLS (0 mg/L vs 4 mg/L) in the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels' general health status was investigated, assessing their metabolic and oxidative stress responses. Higher biochemical alterations were observed in SLS-exposed mussels and warming enhanced the impacts, namely in terms of biotransformation capacity and loss of redox homeostasis, which may result in consequences to population maintenance, especially if under additional environmental stressors. These results confirm M. galloprovincialis as an excellent bioindicator of PCPs pollution, and the need to consider actual and predicted climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Freitas
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Federica Arrigo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122 San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valentina Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122 San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy
| | - Federica Battaglia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122 San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology of Leghorn "G. Bacci", 57128 Livorno, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, S. Agata-Messina, Italy
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Albert L, Rumschlag S, Parker A, Vaziri G, Knutie SA. Elevated nest temperature has opposing effects on host species infested with parasitic nest flies. Oecologia 2023; 201:877-886. [PMID: 37012554 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as elevated temperature, can have varying effects on hosts and their parasites, which can have consequences for the net outcome of this relationship. The individual direct effects of temperature must be disentangled to determine the net-effect in host-parasite relationships, yet few studies have determined the net-effects in a multi-host system. To address this gap, we experimentally manipulated temperature and parasite presence in the nests of two host species infested by parasitic blowflies (Protocalliphora sialia). We conducted a factorial experiment by increasing temperature (or not) and removing all parasites (or not) in the nests of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). We then measured nestling morphometrics, blood loss, and survival and quantified parasite abundance. We predicted that if temperature had a direct effect on parasite abundance, then elevated temperature would cause similar directional effects on parasite abundance across host species. If temperature had a direct effect on hosts, and therefore an indirect effect on the parasite, parasite abundance would differ across host species. Swallow nests with elevated temperature had fewer parasites compared to nests without temperature manipulation. In contrast, bluebird nests with elevated temperatures had more parasites compared to nests without temperature manipulation. The results of our study demonstrate that elevated temperature can have differential effects on host species, which can impact infestation susceptibility. Furthermore, changing climates could have complex net-effects on parasite fitness and host health across multi-host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Albert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Samantha Rumschlag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Alexandra Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Grace Vaziri
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sarah A Knutie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Wang B, Wang Y, Jia T, Feng J, Qu C, Wu X, Yang X, Zhang Q. Changes in physiological responses and immunity of blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala from transport stress. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1183-1192. [PMID: 35945370 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of transport stress on the physiological responses and immunity of Megalobrama amblycephala (blunt snout bream). Fish (109.67 ± 1.51 g) were sampled at nine time points: before transport (control), at 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days after 4 h of medium-distance transportation, and four fish were sampled in each time point. The results showed that plasma cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3), complement component 3 (C3), complement component 4 (C4), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and nitrogen monoxide (NO) concentrations, and alternative complement pathway (ACH50), acid phosphatase (ACP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities all reached the peak at 0 h after transportation; C4 and NO concentrations as well as ACP and MPO activities returned to the control level after 1 h, ACH50 activity as well as cortisol, T3, and IgM concentration returned to the control level after 12 h, and C3 concentration returned to the control level after 24 h respectively. Plasma glucose and total protein concentrations as well as lysozyme activity all reached the peak at 1 h after transportation, total protein concentration and lysozyme activity returned to the control level after 3 h, and glucose concentration returned to the control level after 6 h (P < 0.05). Liver heat shock protein 70 expression reached the peak at 1 h after transportation, and returned to the control level after 24 h; liver heat shock protein 90 expression reached the peak at 0 h after transportation and returned to the control level after 12 h (P < 0.05). Overall, these findings suggested that 4 h of medium-distance transportation caused stress response of blunt snout bream, and transport stress had a significant effect on plasma indicators. But the recovery of 24 h after transport could return the physiological response, immune indexes, and the expression of heat shock protein to the normal level. This also provided data support for the medium-distance transportation of blunt snout bream in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingke Wang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jia
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Feng
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyi Qu
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingli Yang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450044, People's Republic of China.
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Phenological Shifts in a Warming World Affect Physiology and Life History in a Damselfly. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070622. [PMID: 35886798 PMCID: PMC9318786 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Climate warming affects phenological events of cold-blooded organisms. In this analysis we studied, in laboratory conditions, the impact of warming and hatching dates on key life history and physiological traits in a cannibalistic damselfly, Ischnura elegans. Larvae were reared in groups from hatching to emergence through one or two growth seasons, depending on the voltinism. Larvae were equally divided by hatching dates (early and late) and temperature treatment (current and warming). Early and late hatched groups were not mixed. Despite no difference in cannibalism rate between different hatching dates and temperatures, early hatched larvae reared under warming had elevated immune function measured as phenoloxidase (PO) activity. This increased PO activity was not traded off with life history traits. Instead, age and mass at emergence, and growth rate were mainly affected by temperature and voltinism. Our results confirm the importance of phenological shifts in a warming world for shaping physiology and life history in a freshwater insect. Abstract Under climate warming, temperate ectotherms are expected to hatch earlier and grow faster, increase the number of generations per season, i.e., voltinism. Here, we studied, under laboratory conditions, the impact of artificial warming and manipulated hatching dates on life history (voltinism, age and mass at emergence and growth rate) and physiological traits (phenoloxidase (PO) activity at emergence, as an indicator of investment in immune function) and larval survival rate in high-latitude populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans. Larvae were divided into four groups based on crossing two treatments: early versus late hatching dates and warmer versus control rearing temperature. Damselflies were reared in groups over the course of one (univoltine) or two (semivoltine) growth seasons, depending on the voltinism. Warming temperature did not affect survival rate. However, warming increased the number of univoltine larvae compared to semivoltine larvae. There was no effect of hatching phenology on voltinism. Early hatched larvae reared under warming had elevated PO activity, regardless of their voltinism, indicating increased investment in immune function against pathogens. Increased PO activity was not associated with effects on age or mass at emergence or growth rate. Instead, life history traits were mainly affected by temperature and voltinism. Warming decreased development time and increased growth rate in univoltine females, yet decreased growth rate in univoltine males. This indicates a stronger direct impact of warming and voltinism compared to impacts of hatching phenology on life history traits. The results strengthen the evidence that phenological shifts in a warming world may affect physiology and life history in freshwater insects.
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Pedler RL, Harris JO, Thomson NL, Buss JJ, Stone DAJ, Handlinger JH. Development of a semi-quantitative scoring protocol for gill lesion assessment in greenlip abalone Haliotis laevigata held at elevated water temperature. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2022; 150:37-51. [PMID: 35796510 DOI: 10.3354/dao03673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water temperatures that exceed thermal optimal ranges (~19 to 22°C for greenlip abalone Haliotis laevigata, depending on stock genetics) can be associated with abalone mortalities. We assessed histopathological changes in H. laevigata gills held in control (22°C) or elevated (25°C) water temperature conditions for 47 d by developing a new scoring protocol that incorporates histopathological descriptions and relative score summary. Lesions were allocated to 1 of 3 reaction patterns, (1) epithelial, (2) circulatory or (3) inflammatory, and scored based on their prevalence in gill leaflets. Indices for each reaction pattern were calculated and combined to provide an overall gill index. H. laevigata held in 25°C water temperature had significantly more epithelial lifting and hemolymph channel enlargement and significantly higher gill and circulatory reaction pattern indices than H. laevigata held in 22°C water temperature. One H. laevigata had a proliferation of unidentified cells in the v-shaped skeletal rod of a gill leaflet. The unidentified cells contained enlarged nuclei, a greater nucleus:cytoplasm ratio and, in some cases, mitotic figures. This cell population could represent a region of hematopoiesis in response to hemocyte loss or migration to a lesion. Without thorough diagnostic testing, the origin of these larger cells cannot be confirmed. The new scoring protocol developed will allow the standard quantification of gill lesions for H. laevigata, specifically for heat-related conditions, and could further be adapted for other Haliotis spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Pedler
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042 South Australia, Australia
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Liu J, Peng W, Yu F, Shen Y, Yu W, Lu Y, Lin W, Zhou M, Huang Z, Luo X, You W, Ke C. Genomic selection applications can improve the environmental performance of aquatics: a case study on the heat tolerance of abalone. Evol Appl 2022; 15:992-1001. [PMID: 35782008 PMCID: PMC9234619 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the world's fastest‐growing and most traded food industries, but it is under the threat of climate‐related risks represented by global warming, marine heatwave (MHW) events, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. For the sustainable development of aquaculture, selective breeding may be a viable method to obtain aquatic economic species with greater tolerance to environmental stressors. In this study, we estimated the heritability of heat tolerance trait of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai, performed genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) analysis for heat tolerance to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes, and assessed the potential of genomic selection (GS) in the breeding of abalone industry. A total of 1120 individuals were phenotyped for their heat tolerance and genotyped with 64,788 quality‐controlled SNPs. The heritability of heat tolerance was moderate (0.35–0.42) and the predictive accuracy estimated using BayesB (0.55 ± 0.05) was higher than that using GBLUP (0.40 ± 0.01). A total of 11 genome‐wide significant SNPs and 2 suggestive SNPs were associated with heat tolerance of abalone, and 13 candidate genes were identified, including got2,znfx1,l(2)efl, and lrp5. Based on GWAS results, the prediction accuracy using the top 5K SNPs was higher than that using randomly selected SNPs and higher than that using all SNPs. These results suggest that GS is an efficient approach for improving the heat tolerance of abalone and pave the way for abalone selecting breeding programs in rapidly changing oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Wenzhu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Yawei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Wenchao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Yisha Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Weihong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Muzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Zekun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Xuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Weiwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
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10
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Ewere EE, Rosic N, Bayer PE, Ngangbam A, Edwards D, Kelaher BP, Mamo LT, Benkendorff K. Marine heatwaves have minimal influence on the quality of adult Sydney rock oyster flesh. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148846. [PMID: 34247068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are impacting marine biodiversity, including fisheries and aquaculture. However, it is largely unknown which species will be able to endure MHWs and at what price. Here, we applied elevated temperature (2 °C above ambient) and two different heatwave scenarios to adults of the economically important Sydney rock oyster (SRO, Saccostrea glomerata), and evaluated the impact on nutritional properties, gene expression profiles and immune health indicators. We found that elevated temperature (23 °C) and a variable heatwave (VHW) during winter caused some significant differences in the micronutrient and trace elements levels in oyster flesh. There was an increase of lead under VHW and a decrease in chromium, barium and aluminium under elevated temperature. Conversely, gene expression profiles and other physiological parameters, including flesh protein, fatty acid profiles and hemocyte numbers, were not affected by MHWs. These results indicate that adult SRO are reasonably resilient, and should continue to provide high-quality seafood, under near-future ocean warming and moderate heatwave scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endurance E Ewere
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Nedeljka Rosic
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Qld 4225, Australia
| | - Philipp E Bayer
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ajit Ngangbam
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan P Kelaher
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Lea T Mamo
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.
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11
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Tracy AM, Weil E, Burge CA. Ecological Factors Mediate Immunity and Parasitic Co-Infection in Sea Fan Octocorals. Front Immunol 2021; 11:608066. [PMID: 33505396 PMCID: PMC7829190 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay among environment, demography, and host-parasite interactions is a challenging frontier. In the ocean, fundamental changes are occurring due to anthropogenic pressures, including increased disease outbreaks on coral reefs. These outbreaks include multiple parasites, calling into question how host immunity functions in this complex milieu. Our work investigates the interplay of factors influencing co-infection in the Caribbean sea fan octocoral, Gorgonia ventalina, using metrics of the innate immune response: cellular immunity and expression of candidate immune genes. We used existing copepod infections and live pathogen inoculation with the Aspergillus sydowii fungus, detecting increased expression of the immune recognition gene Tachylectin 5A (T5A) in response to both parasites. Cellular immunity increased by 8.16% in copepod infections compared to controls and single Aspergillus infections. We also detected activation of cellular immunity in reef populations, with a 13.6% increase during copepod infections. Cellular immunity was similar in the field and in the lab, increasing with copepod infections and not the fungus. Amoebocyte density and the expression of T5A and a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene were also positively correlated across all treatments and colonies, irrespective of parasitic infection. We then assessed the scaling of immune metrics to population-level disease patterns and found random co-occurrence of copepods and fungus across 15 reefs in Puerto Rico. The results suggest immune activation by parasites may not alter parasite co-occurrence if factors other than immunity prevail in structuring parasite infection. We assessed non-immune factors in the field and found that sea fan colony size predicted infection by the copepod parasite. Moreover, the effect of infection on immunity was small relative to that of site differences and live coral cover, and similar to the effect of reproductive status. While additional immune data would shed light on the extent of this pattern, ecological factors may play a larger role than immunity in controlling parasite patterns in the wild. Parsing the effects of immunity and ecological factors in octocoral co-infection shows how disease depends on more than one host and one parasite and explores the application of co-infection research to a colonial marine organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Tracy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Ernesto Weil
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, PR, United States
| | - Colleen A. Burge
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
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12
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The Immune Response of the Invasive Golden Apple Snail to a Nematode-Based Molluscicide Involves Different Organs. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110371. [PMID: 33143352 PMCID: PMC7692235 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sustainable solutions to the spreading of invasive species are difficult to find due to the absence of biological information about basic immune mechanisms of the target pests. Here, we present evidence of the effects of a commercially available roundworm, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, against the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata. The effects are principally evaluated in terms of snail survival and immune activation. Via molecular and microscopy-based approaches, we demonstrate that dosage and temperature are critical in determining the effects of the roundworm, and that the apple snail response to this immune challenge involves different organs. To our knowledge, these findings are the first demonstration that a P. hermaphrodita-based molluscicide can effectively kill P. canaliculata and that the snail can mount a multi-organ response against this pathogenic roundworm. Abstract The spreading of alien and invasive species poses new challenges for the ecosystem services, the sustainable production of food, and human well-being. Unveiling and targeting the immune system of invasive species can prove helpful for basic and applied research. Here, we present evidence that a nematode (Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita)-based molluscicide exerts dose-dependent lethal effects on the golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata. When used at 1.7 g/L, this biopesticide kills about 30% of snails within one week and promotes a change in the expression of Pc-bpi, an orthologue of mammalian bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI). Changes in Pc-bpi expression, as monitored by quantitative PCR (qPCR), occurred in two immune-related organs, namely the anterior kidney and the gills, after exposure at 18 and 25 °C, respectively. Histological analyses revealed the presence of the nematode in the snail anterior kidney and the gills at both 18 and 25 °C. The mantle and the central nervous system had a stable Pc-bpi expression and seemed not affected by the nematodes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments demonstrated the expression of Pc-bpi in circulating hemocytes, nurturing the possibility that increased Pc-bpi expression in the anterior kidney and gills may be due to the hemocytes patrolling the organs. While suggesting that P. hermaphrodita-based biopesticides enable the sustainable control of P. canaliculata spread, our experiments also unveiled an organ-specific and temperature-dependent response in the snails exposed to the nematodes. Overall, our data indicate that, after exposure to a pathogen, the snail P. canaliculata can mount a complex, multi-organ innate immune response.
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13
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Nam SE, Haque MN, Lee JS, Park HS, Rhee JS. Prolonged exposure to hypoxia inhibits the growth of Pacific abalone by modulating innate immunity and oxidative status. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 227:105596. [PMID: 32827874 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic animals, hypoxia is associated with growth retardation, impaired immunity, susceptibility to pathogens, oxidative stress, and mortality. However, the relative long-term effects of hypoxia on bivalves, including abalone, are not well understood. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to hypoxic (2.5 and 4 mg O2 L-1) and normoxic (8 mg O2 L-1) conditions on the growth, survival, and immune and antioxidant responses of the economically important Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai over a 4 month period. We observed that exposure to 2.5 mg O2 L-1 resulted in marked reductions in assessed shell parameters, average meat weight, and survival compared with exposure to 4 and 8 mg O2 L-1. There were also significant reductions in oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion in abalone exposed to 2.5 mg O2 L-1. We also detected initial immunosuppression in the 2.5 mg O2 L-1-treated abalone, as evidenced by a significant reduction in total hemocytes and inhibition of antibacterial and lysozyme activities. Furthermore, intracellular malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly elevated at 1 month in the 2.5 mg O2 L-1 treatment group, whereas there were reductions in the levels of glutathione and enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase, thereby indicating potential hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and a depression of antioxidant capacity. After 4 months of treatment, severe hypoxia (2.5 mg O2 L-1) had significantly modulated all measured parameters, whereas exposure to 4 and 8 mg O2 L-1 had induced no significant effects. Collectively, our observations indicate that under long-term exposure to hypoxia, Pacific abalone failed to maintain an effective antioxidant defense system and adequate immunity, with the observed biochemical disruptions leading to a reduction in growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Niamul Haque
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sick Lee
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Sook Park
- Department of Song-Do Bio-Environmental Engineering, Incheon Jaeneung University, Incheon, 22573, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Riccio G, Ruocco N, Mutalipassi M, Costantini M, Zupo V, Coppola D, de Pascale D, Lauritano C. Ten-Year Research Update Review: Antiviral Activities from Marine Organisms. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071007. [PMID: 32645994 PMCID: PMC7407529 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet and are characterized by huge taxonomic and chemical diversity of marine organisms. Several studies have shown that marine organisms produce a variety of compounds, derived from primary or secondary metabolism, which may have antiviral activities. In particular, certain marine metabolites are active towards a plethora of viruses. Multiple mechanisms of action have been found, as well as different targets. This review gives an overview of the marine-derived compounds discovered in the last 10 years. Even if marine organisms produce a wide variety of different compounds, there is only one compound available on the market, Ara-A, and only another one is in phase I clinical trials, named Griffithsin. The recent pandemic emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19, highlights the need to further invest in this field, in order to shed light on marine compound potentiality and discover new drugs from the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Riccio
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Nadia Ruocco
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Mirko Mutalipassi
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Maria Costantini
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Daniela Coppola
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (V.Z.); (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-5833-221
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15
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Champion C, Broadhurst MK, Ewere EE, Benkendorff K, Butcherine P, Wolfe K, Coleman MA. Resilience to the interactive effects of climate change and discard stress in the commercially important blue swimmer crab (Portunus armatus). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:105009. [PMID: 32662439 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Globally, millions of people depend on nutritional benefits from seafood consumption, but few studies have tested for effects of near-future climate change on seafood health and quality. Quantitative assessments of the interactive effects of climate change and discarding of fisheries resources are also lacking, despite ~10% of global catches being discarded annually. Utilising the harvested blue swimmer crab (Portunus armatus), we experimentally tested the effects of near-future temperature and salinity treatments under simulated capture and discarding on a suite of health and nutritional quality parameters. We show that nutritional quality (protein, lipids, moisture content and fatty acid composition) was not significantly affected by near-future climate change. Further, stress biomarkers (catalase and glutathione S-transferases activity and glycogen content) did not differ significantly among treatments following simulated capture and discarding. These results support the inherent resilience of P. armatus to short-term environmental change, and indicate that negative physiological responses associated with discarding may not be exacerbated in a future ocean. We suggest that harvested estuarine species, and thus the industries and food security they underpin, may be resilient to the future effects of climate change due to their adaptation to naturally variable habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Champion
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Matt K Broadhurst
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Endurance E Ewere
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Butcherine
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kennedy Wolfe
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melinda A Coleman
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Mamo LT, Benkendorff K, Butcherine P, Coleman MA, Ewere EE, Miranda RJ, Wernberg T, Kelaher BP. Resilience of a harvested gastropod, Turbo militaris, to marine heatwaves. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 151:104769. [PMID: 31431393 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine heatwaves (MHW) are predicted to occur with increased frequency, duration and intensity in a changing climate, with pervasive ecological and socioeconomic consequences. While there is a growing understanding of the ecological impacts of warming and marine heatwaves, much less is known about how they influence the underlying physiology and health of species, and the nutritional properties of tissue. We evaluated the effects of different heatwave scenarios and ocean warming on the nutritional properties and immune health of the harvested gastropod Turbo militaris. Neither heatwave scenarios nor elevated temperatures had significant impacts on morphometrics, proximate composition or inorganic content of T. militaris. However, an increased moisture content and non-significant trends, such as elevated amount of lipids, and an increased number of hemocytes in the blood of T. militaris in the heatwave treatments were suggestive of mild stress. Overall, our study suggests that T. militaris is resilient to marine heatwaves and warming, although delayed, additive or synergistic stress responses cannot be ruled out. Understanding the possible effects of ocean warming and heatwaves on fisheries species could improve management actions to avoid species impacts, socioeconomic losses and negative effects to ecosystem service provision in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea T Mamo
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, 2480, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | - Peter Butcherine
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia; Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, 2480, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Melinda A Coleman
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia; Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, 2 Bay Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Endurance E Ewere
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, 2480, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Ricardo J Miranda
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-90, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- UWA Oceans Institute, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Brendan P Kelaher
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia; Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, 2480, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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17
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González-Rete B, Salazar-Schettino PM, Bucio-Torres MI, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Cabrera-Bravo M. Activity of the prophenoloxidase system and survival of triatomines infected with different Trypanosoma cruzi strains under different temperatures: understanding Chagas disease in the face of climate change. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:219. [PMID: 31068226 PMCID: PMC6507061 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how human disease vectors will modify their life history patterns and survival capacity as a result of climate change. One case is that of Chagas disease, which has triatomine bugs and Trypanosoma cruzi as vectors and parasite, respectively. This work aimed to determine: (i) the activity of the prophenoloxidase system (prophenoloxidase and phenoloxidase activity, two indicators of immune ability) in three intestine regions (anterior midgut, posterior midgutand rectum) of the triatomine bug Meccus pallidipennis under three temperature conditions (20 °C, 30 °C and 34 °C) against two T. cruzi strains [ITRI/MX/14/CHIL (Chilpancingo) and ITRI/MX/12/MOR (Morelos)], and (ii) whether vector survival varies under these three temperatures after infection by these T. cruzi strains. RESULTS Our results indicate that prophenoloxidase activity was lower at higher temperatures, that the level of prophenoloxidase activity elicited by each strain was different (higher in Chilpancingo than in Morelos strains), and that prophenoloxidase activity was more intense in the anterior midgut than in the posterior midgut or rectum. Survival rates were lower in insects maintained at higher temperatures and infected by Chilpancingo strains. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that climate change could lead to lower prophenoloxidase activity and survival rates in triatomines when infected with different T. cruzi strains, which could reduce the vector capacity of M. pallidipennis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paz María Salazar-Schettino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martha I Bucio-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. P. 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Margarita Cabrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Kirk D, Luijckx P, Stanic A, Krkošek M. Predicting the Thermal and Allometric Dependencies of Disease Transmission via the Metabolic Theory of Ecology. Am Nat 2019; 193:661-676. [PMID: 31002572 DOI: 10.1086/702846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) provides a general framework of allometric and thermal dependence that may be useful for predicting how climate change will affect disease spread. Using Daphnia magna and a microsporidian gut parasite, we conducted two experiments across a wide thermal range and fitted transmission models that utilize MTE submodels for transmission parameters. We decomposed transmission into contact rate and probability of infection and further decomposed probability of infection into a product of gut residence time (GRT) and per-parasite infection rate of gut cells. Contact rate generally increased with temperature and scaled positively with body size, whereas infection rate had a narrow hump-shaped thermal response and scaled negatively with body size. GRT increased with host size and was longest at extreme temperatures. GRT and infection rate inside the gut combined to create a 3.5 times higher probability of infection for the smallest relative to the largest individuals. Small temperature changes caused large differences in transmission. We also fit several alternative transmission models to data at individual temperatures. The more complex models-parasite antagonism or synergism and host heterogeneity-did not substantially improve the fit to the data. Our results show that transmission rate is the product of several distinct thermal and allometric functions that can be predicted continuously across temperature and host size using the MTE.
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Chen N, Huang Z, Lu C, Shen Y, Luo X, Ke C, You W. Different Transcriptomic Responses to Thermal Stress in Heat-Tolerant and Heat-Sensitive Pacific Abalones Indicated by Cardiac Performance. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1895. [PMID: 30687115 PMCID: PMC6334008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai is one of the most economically important mollusks in China. Even though it has been farmed in southern China for almost 20 years, summer mortality remains the most challengeable problem for Pacific abalone aquaculture recently. Here, we determined the different heat tolerance ability for five selective lines of H. discus hannai by measuring the cardiac performance and Arrhenius breakpoint temperature (ABT). The Red line (RL) and Yangxia line (YL) were determined as the most heat-sensitive and most heat-tolerant line, respectively. Heart rates for RL were significantly lower than those of the YL at the same temperature (p < 0.05). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were enriched in several pathways including cardiac muscle contraction, glutathione metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, were identified between RL and YL at control temperature (20°C) and heat stress temperature (28.5°C, the ABT of the RL) by RNA-seq method. In the RL, 3370 DEGs were identified between the control and the heat-stress temperature, while only 1351 DEGs were identified in YL between these two temperature tests. Most of these DEGs were enriched in the pathways such as protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain (NOD) like receptor signaling, and ubiquitin mediated proteolysis. Notably, the most heat-tolerant line YL used an effective heat-protection strategy based on moderate transcriptional changes and regulation on the expression of key genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zekun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chengkuan Lu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yawei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weiwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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20
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Elumalai P, Prakash P, Musthafa MS, Faggio C. Effect of alkoxy glycerol on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:298-304. [PMID: 30769237 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fish oil and their compounds derived from the same have immense applications in the improvement of health, brain development, enhancing immunity etc. This study aimed at the supplementation of such a compound alkoxy glycerol derived from shark liver oil in fish diet and thereby analyzing growth as well as immune parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. 400 fishes were distributed into 11 glass tanks, and then fishes were weighed before starting the experiment. (Average weight was found to be 5.3 ± 0.10 g). Feed was prepared using alkoxy glycerol in the doses like 5, 10, 15 g kg-1 Fishes were fed with the prepared diet for 30 days and growth parameters like specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), final weight (FW), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. On the 30th day, fishes were challenged with 0.1 ml of normal saline solution containing 107 CFUml-1 of Aeromonas hydrophila and disease resistance was monitored. After 30 days of post challenge observation, immunological and lipid peroxidation assays like alternative complement (ACH50), phagocytosis (PI), respiratory burst activities (RB), and serum lysozyme (SL) were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetham Elumalai
- Department of Processing Technology (Biochemistry), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India; Centre of Excellence in Food Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India.
| | - Parvathy Prakash
- Centre of Excellence in Food Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina-Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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21
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Tan S, Wang W, Tian C, Niu D, Zhou T, Jin Y, Yang Y, Gao D, Dunham R, Liu Z. Heat stress induced alternative splicing in catfish as determined by transcriptome analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 29:166-172. [PMID: 30481682 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat tolerance is increasingly becoming an important trait for aquaculture species with a changing climate. Transcriptional studies on responses to heat stress have been conducted in catfish, one of the most important economic aquaculture species around the world. The molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance is still poorly understood, especially at the post-transcriptional level including regulation of alternative splicing. In this study, existing RNA-Seq datasets were utilized to characterize the change of alternative splicing in catfish following heat treatment. Heat-tolerant and -intolerant catfish were differentiated by the time to lost equilibrium after heat stress. With heat stress, alternative splicing was generally increased. In heat-intolerant fish, the thermal stress induced 29.2% increases in alternative splicing events and 25.8% increases in alternatively spliced genes. A total of 282, 189, and 44 differential alternative splicing (DAS) events were identified in control-intolerant, control-tolerant, and intolerant-tolerant comparisons, corresponding to 252, 171, and 42 genes, respectively. Gene ontology analyses showed that genes involved in the molecular function of RNA binding were significantly enriched in DAS gene sets after heat stress in both heat-intolerant and -tolerant catfish compared with the control group. Similar results were also observed in the DAS genes between heat-intolerant and -tolerant catfish, and the biological process of RNA splicing was also enriched in this comparison, indicating the involvement of RNA splicing-related genes underlying heat tolerance. This is the first comprehensive study of alternative splicing in response to heat stress in fish species, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of responses to the abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxu Tan
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Wenwen Wang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Changxu Tian
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Donghong Niu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yulin Jin
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yujia Yang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Dongya Gao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rex Dunham
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Zhanjiang Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Art and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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22
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Zheng J, Cao J, Mao Y, Su Y, Wang J. Identification of microRNAs with heat stress responsive and immune properties in Marsupenaeus japonicus based on next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis: Essential regulators in the heat stress-host interactions. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:390-398. [PMID: 29778844 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Summer mortality syndrome is one of the most serious issue for Marsupenaeus japonicus aquaculture in China. Since it causes massive economic loss and threatens sustainability of M. japonicus aquaculture industry, thus, there is an urgent desire to reveal the heat stress-host interactions mechanisms that lead to mass mortalities of M. japonicus in hot summer months. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that involved in regulation of diverse biological processes, including stress and immune response, and might serve as potential regulators in the heat stress-host interactions. In the present study, miRNAs with heat stress responsive and immune properties were identified and characterized in M. japonicus by small RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. In total, 79 host miRNAs were identified, among which 15 miRNAs were differentially expressed in response to heat stress. Target genes prediction and function annotation revealed that a variety of host cellular processes, such as signal transduction, transcription, anti-stress response, ribosomal biogenesis, lipid metabolism, cytoskeleton, etc, were potentially subject to miRNA-mediated regulation in response to heat stress. Furthermore, a total of 30 host miRNAs that potentially involved in interaction with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) were obtained via predicting and analyzing the target genes from WSSV. The results showed that a batch of WSSV genes that code for structural proteins and enzymes that are essential for WSSV infection and proliferation, such as envelope proteins, capsid proteins, immediate-early proteins, collagen-like protein, protein kinase, thymidylate synthetase, TATA-box bind protein, etc, were predicted to be targeted by host miRNAs. Several of the host miRNAs with predicted antiviral capacity were down-regulated under heat stress, indicating a repression of host miRNA-mediated antiviral immune response. This study highlighted the essential roles of host miRNAs in the heat stress-host interactions and provided valuable information for further investigation on the mechanism of miRNA-mediated heat stress and immune response of shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Zheng
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiawen Cao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Yongquan Su
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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23
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Yılmaz S, Ergün S. Trans-cinnamic acid application for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): I. Effects on haematological, serum biochemical, non-specific immune and head kidney gene expression responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:140-157. [PMID: 29684602 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of dietary trans-cinnamic acid (CA) on pre- and post-challenge haematological, serum biochemical, non-specific immune and head kidney gene expression responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss juveniles. In this regard, fish with an average weight of 17.01 ± 0.05 g were divided into five groups, and fed daily with an additive free basal diet (control); 250, 500, 750 or 1500 mg kg-1 CA for a 60-day period. Fish were sampled every 20 days during the experiment. On days 20, 40 and 60 (the pre-challenge period), the dietary CA especially at 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 significantly increased blood granulocyte percentage, and serum total protein, globulin, lysozyme and total immunoglobulin values. Furthermore, dietary CA increased activities of phagocytic activity, respiratory burst and potential killing, and increased the expression levels of immune related genes [serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 1, beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin T (IgT)] in the head kidney of fish fed with 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 CA. Following 60 days of feeding, fish were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri and mortality was recorded for 20 days. Highest percentage survival (%) rate was found in the 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 CA-supplemented feeding groups. During the post-challenge period, red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (%), respiratory burst activity, and total antiprotease activity increased in fish fed with feed containing 500 mg kg-1 content. Moreover, markedly up-regulated the expression of related genes (SAA, IL-8, IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IgM) in fish fed 250, 500 and/or 750 mg kg-1 CA. Therefore, feeding O. mykiss for 60 days with dietary CA at 250-500 mg kg-1 CA incorporation levels can be suggested as optimal to enhance the immunity and disease resistance against Y. ruckeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevdan Yılmaz
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey.
| | - Sebahattin Ergün
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey
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24
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Detection of peroxiredoxin-like protein in Antarctic sea urchin (Sterechinus neumayeri) under heat stress and induced with pathogen-associated molecular pattern from Vibrio anguillarum. Polar Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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The role of the mussel Mytilus spp. in the transmission of ostreid herpesvirus-1 microVar. Parasitology 2017; 145:1095-1104. [PMID: 29262879 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017002244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas contributes significantly to global aquaculture; however, C. gigas culture has been affected by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and variants. The dynamics of how the virus maintains itself at culture sites is unclear and the role of carriers, reservoirs or hosts is unknown. Both wild and cultured mussels Mytilus spp. (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and hybrids) are commonly found at C. gigas culture sites. The objective of this study was to investigate if Mytilus spp. can harbour the virus and if viral transmission can occur between mussels and oysters. Mytilus spp. living at oyster trestles, 400-500 m higher up the shore from the trestles and up to 26 km at non-culture sites were screened for OsHV-1 and variants by all the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recommended diagnostic methods including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), histology, in situ hybridization and confirmation using direct sequencing. The particular primers that target OsHV-1 and variants, including OsHV-1 microVar (μVar), were used in the PCR and qPCR. OsHV-1 μVar was detected in wild Mytilus spp. at C. gigas culture sites and more significantly the virus was detected in mussels at non-culture sites. Cohabitation of exposed wild mussels and naïve C. gigas resulted in viral transmission after 14 days, under an elevated temperature regime. These results indicate that mussels can harbour OsHV-1 μVar; however, the impact of OsHV-1 μVar on Mytilus spp. requires further investigation.
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26
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Crosson LM, Friedman CS. Withering syndrome susceptibility of northeastern Pacific abalones: A complex relationship with phylogeny and thermal experience. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 151:91-101. [PMID: 29179952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Population declines in wild and cultured abalones (Haliotis spp.) due to a bacterial disease called withering syndrome (WS) have been documented along the northeastern Pacific Ocean. However, observed differences in species susceptibility to the disease are not well understood. Here, we examined the susceptibility of three temperate abalone species, the cool water (4-14 °C) pinto or northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana), the intermediate water (8-18 °C) red abalone (H. rufescens), and the warm water (12-23 °C) pink abalone (H. corrugata), to experimental WS infection at temperatures facilitating disease proliferation. Mortality data paired with histological and molecular detection of the WS pathogen confirmed that these abalone species exhibit different levels of susceptibility to infection and resistance to WS development ranging from high susceptibility and low resistance in pinto abalone to moderate/low susceptibility and resistance in red and pink abalones. The temperature associated with WS induced mortalities also varied among species: pinto abalone died at the lowest experimental temperature (17.32 ± 0.09 °C), while red abalone died at an intermediate temperature (17.96 ± 0.16 °C), and pink abalone required the highest temperature (18.84 ± 0.16 °C). When data from the current and previous studies were examined, susceptibility to WS was inversely related to phylogenetic distance from white abalone (H. sorenseni), which had the highest susceptibility and lowest resistance of all abalone species tested prior to the current study. These results provide further evidence that an abalone's thermal optima and phylogenetic relationship can determine its susceptibility to WS; species with cool water evolutionary histories are most susceptible to WS and the most susceptible species appear to be closely related. Differences among the thermal ranges of abalone species have broad implications for WS disease dynamics and highlight the importance of understanding the mechanisms governing the abalone-WS relationship in order to properly manage declining abalone populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Crosson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Carolyn S Friedman
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Mansour C, Guardiola FA, Esteban MÁ, Mosbahi DS. Combination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and temperature exposure: In vitro effects on immune response of European clam (Ruditapes decussatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:110-118. [PMID: 28602678 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms are subjected to various biotic and abiotic factors such as changes of temperature and pollutants [e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals, which may affect their defense mechanisms. In this context, the aim was to evaluate the combined effects of temperature (20 and 30 °C) and PAHs (fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene) at two concentrations (10-5 and 10-3 mg mL-1) on the immune responses of the European clam Ruditapes decussatus were after 24 h of in vitro exposure. Total haemocyte count, cell viability, phenoloxidase, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, esterase, antibacterial and agglutinating activities were measured. Exposure to high temperatures resulted in lower phosphatase alkaline activity and higher haemocyte viability and antibacterial and haemagglutinating activities, compared with the values recorded for clams maintained at low temperature. Only pyrene induced a significant decrease in haemocyte lysozyme (at 20 and 30 °C) and esterase (at 30 °C) activities. The total haemocyte count was increased by phenanthrene and pyrene at 20 °C and at 30 °C, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased when haemocytes were exposed to pyrene at 30 °C but decreased in the presence of fluorene at 20 °C. Furthermore, haemocyte viability was low in the presence of pyrene and fluorene at 20 °C and 30 °C, respectively, but was unaffected by phenanthrene. Antibacterial activity was significantly increased and no-significantly affected by the presence of pyrene and fluorene at 20 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The present study demonstrates the strong effect of PAHs and high temperature on haemocyte viability and other important immune functions, including phosphatase alkaline and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, changes in the immune parameters of European clam resulting from high temperatures may modulate the effects of PAHs and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalbia Mansour
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Francisco Antonio Guardiola
- Fish Nutrition & Immunobiology Group, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal; Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Dalila Saidane Mosbahi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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28
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Lecchi C, Rota N, Vitali A, Ceciliani F, Lacetera N. In vitro assessment of the effects of temperature on phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis in bovine polymorphonuclear cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 182:89-94. [PMID: 27863557 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress exerts a direct negative effect on farm animal health, triggering physiological responses. Environmental high temperature induces immunosuppression in dairy cows, increasing the risk of mastitis and milk somatic cell counts. The influence of heat stress on leukocytes activities has not been fully elucidated. The present in vitro study was aimed at assessing whether the exposure to temperature simulating conditions of severe whole body hyperthermia affects defensive functions of bovine blood polymorphonuclear cells. Blood was collected from seven clinically healthy, multiparous, late lactating Holstein cows. After isolation, PMN were incubated at either 39 or 41°C. Phagocytosis, respiratory burst and apoptosis were then investigated. The selected temperatures of 39°C or 41°C mimicked conditions of normothermia or severe heat stress, respectively. Phagocytosis assay was carried out by measuring the fluorescence of phagocyted fluorescein-labelled E. coli bioparticles. The modulation of oxidative burst activity was studied by the cytochrome C reduction method. Apoptosis was determined by measuring the activities of two enzymes that play an effector role in the process, namely Caspase-3 and Caspase-7. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. A Student t-test for paired samples and a Generalised Estimating Equation were used based on data distribution. The phagocytosis rate was reduced (-37%, P<0.01) when PMN were incubated for 2h at 41°C, when compared to phagocytosis rate measured at 39°C. The oxidative burst, as determined by extracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), was also reduced by the exposure of cells to 41°C compared to 39°C. Such reduction ranged between -2 and -21% (P<0.05). Apoptosis rate was not affected by different temperatures. The results reported in this study suggest that phagocytosis and ROS production in PMN exposed to severe high temperature are impaired, partially explaining the higher occurrence of infections during periods of hot weather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lecchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Nicola Rota
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Vitali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceciliani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Lacetera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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29
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Ilham I, Fotedar R. Growth, antioxidant capacity and muscle histochemistry of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi Valenciennes 1883): Selenium and temperature interaction. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abalone Hemocyanin Blocks the Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 into Cells: a Potential New Antiviral Strategy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60:1003-12. [PMID: 26643336 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01738-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A marine-derived compound, abalone hemocyanin, from Haliotis rubra was shown to have a unique mechanism of antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infections. In vitro assays demonstrated the dose-dependent and inhibitory effect of purified hemocyanin against HSV-1 infection in Vero cells with a 50% effective dose (ED50) of 40 to 50 nM and no significant toxicity. In addition, hemocyanin specifically inhibited viral attachment and entry by binding selectively to the viral surface glycoproteins gD, gB, and gC, probably by mimicking their receptors. However, hemocyanin had no effect on postentry events and did not block infection by binding to cellular receptors for HSV. By the use of different mutants of gD and gB and a competitive heparin binding assay, both protein charge and conformation were shown to be the driving forces of the interaction between hemocyanin and viral glycoproteins. These findings also suggested that hemocyanin may have different motifs for binding to each of the viral glycoproteins B and D. The dimer subunit of hemocyanin with a 10-fold-smaller molecular mass exhibited similar binding to viral surface glycoproteins, showing that the observed inhibition did not require the entire multimer. Therefore, a small hemocyanin analogue could serve as a new antiviral candidate for HSV infections.
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Green TJ, Raftos D, Speck P, Montagnani C. Antiviral immunity in marine molluscs. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2471-2482. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Green
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - David Raftos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
| | - Peter Speck
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- IFREMER, IHPE UMR 5244, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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Min EY, Cha YJ, Kang JC. Effects of waterborne nickel on the physiological and immunological parameters of the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai during thermal stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:13546-55. [PMID: 25943513 PMCID: PMC4550641 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the 96-h LC50 at 22 and 26 °C values was 28.591 and 11.761 mg/L, respectively, for NiCl2 exposure in the abalone. The alteration of physiological and immune-toxicological parameters such as the total hemocyte count (THC), lysozyme, phenoloxidase (PO), and phagocytosis activity was measured in the abalone exposed to nickel (200 and 400 μg/L) under thermal stress for 96 h. In this study, Mg and THC decreased, while Ca, lysozyme, PO, and phagocytosis activity increased in the hemolymph of Pacific abalone exposed to NiCl2 when compared to a control at both 22 and 26 °C. However, these parameters were not affected by a rise in temperature from 22 to 26 °C in non-exposed groups. Our results showed that NiCl2 below 400 μg/L was able to stimulate immune responses in abalone. However, complex stressors, thermal changes, or NiCl2 can modify the immunological response and lead to changes in the physiology of host-pollutant interactions in the abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Min
- />Institute of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 619-911 Korea
| | - Yong-Joo Cha
- />Departments of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737 Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- />Departments of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737 Korea
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Cardinaud M, Dheilly NM, Huchette S, Moraga D, Paillard C. The early stages of the immune response of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata to a Vibrio harveyi infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 51:287-97. [PMID: 25766281 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a marine bacterial pathogen responsible for episodic abalone mortalities in France, Japan and Australia. In the European abalone, V. harveyi invades the circulatory system in a few hours after exposure and is lethal after 2 days of infection. In this study, we investigated the responses of European abalone immune cells over the first 24 h of infection. Results revealed an initial induction of immune gene expression including Rel/NF-kB, Mpeg and Clathrin. It is rapidly followed by a significant immuno-suppression characterized by reduced cellular hemocyte parameters, immune response gene expressions and enzymatic activities. Interestingly, Ferritin was overexpressed after 24 h of infection suggesting that abalone attempt to counter V. harveyi infection using soluble effectors. Immune function alteration was positively correlated with V. harveyi concentration. This study provides the evidence that V. harveyi has a hemolytic activity and an immuno-suppressive effect in the European abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cardinaud
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Nolwenn M Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stonybrook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000 USA
| | | | - Dario Moraga
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Christine Paillard
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
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Park K, Lee JS, Kang JC, Kim JW, Kwak IS. Cascading effects from survival to physiological activities, and gene expression of heat shock protein 90 on the abalone Haliotis discus hannai responding to continuous thermal stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 42:233-240. [PMID: 25449369 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Increasing temperatures can be a significant stressor for aquatic organisms. Abalones, a type of large marine gastropods, are the most commercially important species in aquaculture for Asia. To evaluate the potential ecological risk posed by temperature stress, we measured biological responses such as survival rate, adhesion ability (falling rate), and foot abnormalities in the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Additionally, biochemical and molecular responses were evaluated in H. discus hannai exposed to various temperature gradients. The survival rate was reduced in abalones exposed to relative high temperatures (more than 26 °C). Increased temperature stress induced a higher falling rate and abnormal foot structure. Furthermore, increased antioxidant enzyme activities were observed in abalones exposed to relative high temperatures (26 and 28 °C). The activities of superoxide dismutase were induced in a time-dependent manner after high temperature stress. Generally, heat shock protein 90 also increased significantly in H. discus hannai exposed to temperature gradients (more than 24 °C) for 12 h. These results provide valuable information regarding stress responses to increased temperatures, in H. discus hannai: adverse biological and molecular outcomes could be utilized as risk assessments and stress monitoring of marine ecosystems under increased water temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sick Lee
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science and Aquaculture, Gangwon Provincial College, Gangneung 210-804, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea.
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Segarra A, Baillon L, Tourbiez D, Benabdelmouna A, Faury N, Bourgougnon N, Renault T. Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 replication and host response in adult Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Vet Res 2014; 45:103. [PMID: 25294338 PMCID: PMC4198667 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-014-0103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2008, massive mortality outbreaks associated with OsHV-1 detection have been reported in Crassostrea gigas spat and juveniles in several countries. Nevertheless, adult oysters do not demonstrate mortality in the field related to OsHV-1 detection and were thus assumed to be more resistant to viral infection. Determining how virus and adult oyster interact is a major goal in understanding why mortality events are not reported among adult Pacific oysters. Dual transcriptomics of virus-host interactions were explored by real-time PCR in adult oysters after a virus injection. Thirty-nine viral genes and five host genes including MyD88, IFI44, IkB2, IAP and Gly were measured at 0.5, 10, 26, 72 and 144 hours post infection (hpi). No viral RNA among the 39 genes was detected at 144 hpi suggesting the adult oysters are able to inhibit viral replication. Moreover, the IAP gene (oyster gene) shows significant up-regulation in infected adults compared to control adults. This result suggests that over-expression of IAP could be a reaction to OsHV-1 infection, which may induce the apoptotic process. Apoptosis could be a main mechanism involved in disease resistance in adults. Antiviral activity of haemolymph against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) was not significantly different between infected adults versus control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Segarra
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
| | - Laury Baillon
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
| | - Delphine Tourbiez
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
| | - Abdellah Benabdelmouna
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
| | - Nicole Faury
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
| | - Nathalie Bourgougnon
- Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche Yves Coppens, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines EA3884 (LBCM), Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB), Campus de Tohannic, BP573, 56017, Vannes Cedex, France.
| | - Tristan Renault
- Ifremer (Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer), Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (SG2M), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins (LGPMM), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France.
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36
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Liang S, Luo X, You W, Luo L, Ke C. The role of hybridization in improving the immune response and thermal tolerance of abalone. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 39:69-77. [PMID: 24794582 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, frequent death of cultured abalone drew our attention to the stress tolerance of abalone. Hybridization is an effective way of genetic improvement in aquaculture, which can introduce improved traits to the hybrids. In this study, we challenged the hybrids between Haliotis discus hannai and Haliotis gigantea, and their parents with bacteria (vibrio harveyi, vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahemolyticus), then held them at 20 °C and 28 °C, survival rates of the parental populations and hybrid populations were recorded. Then we tested the immune responses and thermal-induced responses of the four populations at different temperatures. Total hemocyte count (THC), respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), acid phosphatase activity (ACP), alkaline phosphatase activity (AKP), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), and HSP70 expression were determined on day 1 and day 7 of the temperature exposure. Results showed higher survival rates of the hybrids than their parents against bacteria challenge. For immune parameters, THCs were evaluated at 28 °C, while increased THC was also observed in H. discus hannai ♀ × H. gigantea ♂ (DG) and H. discus hannai ♀ × H. discus hannai ♂ (DD) at 12 °C (day 7); at 28 °C, respiratory burst was activated (day 1 and 7), while SOD activity first rose then fell over 7-days exposure; AKP activity was elevated at 12 °C and 28 °C (day 1), most notably in DG, and an increased level of ACP was observed in DG at 28 °C (day 7); MPO activity was suppressed at 12 °C and 28 °C on day 1, but recovered on day 7. For HSP70, increased HSP70 levels were observed in all populations at 28 °C (day 1), and DD got the lowest HSP70 level after 7-days exposure at 28 °C. Overall, the results suggest that temperature changes could significantly affect the physiological status of abalone, and hybrids may be more resistant to disease and thermal stresses than their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Weiwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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37
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Meistertzheim AL, Calvès I, Roussel V, Van Wormhoudt A, Laroche J, Huchette S, Paillard C. New genetic markers to identify European resistant abalone to vibriosis revealed by high-resolution melting analysis, a sensitive and fast approach. MARINE BIOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00227-014-2470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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38
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Green TJ, Montagnani C, Benkendorff K, Robinson N, Speck P. Ontogeny and water temperature influences the antiviral response of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 36:151-157. [PMID: 24200990 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Disease is caused by a complex interaction between the pathogen, environment, and the physiological status of the host. Determining how host ontogeny interacts with water temperature to influence the antiviral response of the Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, is a major goal in understanding why juvenile Pacific oysters are dying during summer as a result of the global emergence of a new genotype of the Ostreid herpesvirus, termed OsHV-1 μvar. We measured the effect of temperature (12 vs 22 °C) on the antiviral response of adult and juvenile C. gigas injected with poly I:C. Poly I:C up-regulated the expression of numerous immune genes, including TLR, MyD88, IκB-1, Rel, IRF, MDA5, STING, SOC, PKR, Viperin and Mpeg1. At 22 °C, these immune genes showed significant up-regulation in juvenile and adult oysters, but the majority of these genes were up-regulated 12 h post-injection for juveniles compared to 26 h for adults. At 12 °C, the response of these genes was completely inhibited in juveniles and delayed in adults. Temperature and age had no effect on hemolymph antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). These results suggest that oysters rely on a cellular response to minimise viral replication, involving recognition of virus-associated molecular patterns to induce host cells into an antiviral state, as opposed to producing broad-spectrum antiviral compounds. This cellular response, measured by antiviral gene expression of circulating hemocytes, was influenced by temperature and oyster age. We speculate whether the vigorous antiviral response of juveniles at 22 °C results in an immune-mediated disorder causing mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Green
- School of Biological Sciences and Australian Seafood Cooperative Research Centre, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- Ifremer, UMR 5119 Ecology of Coastal Marine Systems, Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC80, 30495 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, P.O. Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Nick Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences and Australian Seafood Cooperative Research Centre, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Nofima, P.O. Box 210, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Peter Speck
- School of Biological Sciences and Australian Seafood Cooperative Research Centre, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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39
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Mosca F, Lanni L, Cargini D, Narcisi V, Bianco I, Tiscar PG. Variability of the hemocyte parameters of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk 1819) in Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) coastal lagoon. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 92:215-223. [PMID: 24140014 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Sabaudia's lake consists of a protected coastal lagoon, located in the central Italy, historically characterized by recurrent mortality events of marine fauna during warmer months. A field study was monthly conducted on mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis cultivated inside the lagoon, measuring hemocyte parameters as total circulating count (THC), viability (HV), spreading and oxidative response to in vitro phagocytosis stimulation. A depression of the immune response was observed during the spring season, as indicated by higher values of hemocyte circularity and lower luminescence levels related to respiratory burst, also associated to modulation of THC and HV. The water temperature and the oxygen concentration appeared as the major environmental factors having influence on the phagocytosis activity. Therefore, the hemocyte variations have been intended as early danger signal to evaluate the immunodepression induced by the environmental stressors which could reveal in advance the development of critical situations for mussel survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mosca
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Piazza A. Moro 45, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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40
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Zanjani NT, Sairi F, Marshall G, Saksena MM, Valtchev P, Gomes VG, Cunningham AL, Dehghani F. Formulation of abalone hemocyanin with high antiviral activity and stability. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 53:77-85. [PMID: 24275606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hemocyanin has been shown to have potential antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-1. However, current liquid formulations have short shelf life and high risk of bacterial contamination. The aim of our study was to develop a stable functional formulation. Analytical techniques (nano-differential scanning calorimetry and spectroscopy) and biological assays (cytotoxicity and plaque reduction) were employed to measure the effect of sugar addition on the physical properties and shelf life of the solid formulated hemocyanin. Sucrose improved thermal stability significantly by both increasing the aggregation onset temperature (70°C to>78 °C) and enhancing the activation energy (18%). Lyophilisation without trehalose caused degradation and unfolding of the α-helices of hemocyanin. However, the addition of an optimal proportion of trehalose:protein (5:1 by weight) prevented the degradation and unfolding during lyophilisation, hence maintained the protein solubility. The estimated ED50 values of the formulated solid (0.43±0.1) and liquid samples (0.37±0.06) were similar in magnitude, and were significantly lower than the respective controls; thus, confirming enhanced antiviral activity of the formulation. Formulated compounds were stable for six months at 5 °C storage. The enhanced shelf life and stable antiviral activity of the formulation offers its significant potential as effective therapeutic agent in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Talaei Zanjani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fareed Sairi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gavin Marshall
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Monica Miranda Saksena
- Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Valtchev
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent G Gomes
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony L Cunningham
- Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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41
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Breckels RD, Neff BD. The effects of elevated temperature on the sexual traits, immunology and survivorship of a tropical ectotherm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 216:2658-64. [PMID: 23531818 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.084962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projected an average global air temperature increase of 1.1-6.4°C by the end of the 21st century. Although the tropics are predicted to experience less extreme temperature increases than regions of higher latitude, tropical ectotherms live close to their thermal limits, and are thus particularly vulnerable to increases in temperature. In this study, we examined how predicted patterns of global warming will affect survival and sexual traits in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Guppies were exposed from birth to one of four temperature treatments: 23, 25 (control), 28 or 30°C. We measured brood survival and, at sexual maturity, male ornamentation, sperm traits and immune response. Our results show that increases in temperature result in guppies that have shorter, slower sperm but that there is an optimum temperature for ornamental hue at 28°C. Given the importance of sperm quality for reproduction, these results suggest population viability could be affected by warming. However, we found no difference in brood survival or immune response to a novel antigen across the treatments, indicating that survival may not be as vulnerable as previously thought. Overall, our data suggest that male sexual traits, and in particular sperm performance, are more sensitive than survival to a warming environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Breckels
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
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