1
|
Mendoza Y, González RE. Objective and subjective measures of air pollution and self-rated health: the evidence from Chile. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:413-433. [PMID: 38493267 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The literature exploring individual differences in self-rated health has grown fast in recent years. Self-rated health (SRH) is a good indicator of general health status. This empirical study explores the association between outdoor air pollution and SRH in Chile. This type of analysis is infrequent in Latin America. METHODS We used objective and subjective air pollution measures. The first corresponds to PM2.5, and the latter to the perception of a high level of air pollution. Drawing on data from two independent and repeated nationwide surveys over the period 2006-2017 at the individual level in Chile, we performed repeated cross-sectional analyses for each year of survey application. Ordered Logit (OL) and Logit (L) multivariate models were used to investigate the association between SRH and air pollution measures, considering other socioeconomic and demographic covariates. RESULTS We found that the higher is the level of air pollution, the lower the SRH in Chile, regardless of whether air pollution is physically measured or perceived by respondents. The results were consistent over the years in the sign and significance of regression coefficients using two surveys and two forms of the outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS Our findings add evidence that air pollution is a relevant determinant of SRH. In addition, they show that subjective measures of air pollution can be as reliable as physical measures in the analysis of the association between air pollution and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yenniel Mendoza
- Department of Administration and Economics, Faculty of Law and Business, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Ricardo E González
- Department of Forest Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vaz CT, Coelho DM, Silva UM, Andrade ACDS, López FG, Dueñas OLS, Friche AADL, Diez-Roux AV, Caiaffa WT. Social environment characteristics are related to self-rated health in four Latin America countries: Evidence from the SALURBAL Project. Health Place 2023; 83:103110. [PMID: 37708687 PMCID: PMC10561099 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the associations of social and built environment and demographic features of urban areas with self-rated health among adults living in four Latin American countries. We estimated multilevel models with harmonized data from 69,840 adults, nested in 262 sub-cities and 112 cities, obtained from the Salud Urbana en América Latina project. Poor self-rated health was inversely associated with services provision score at the sub-city-level and with social environment index at the city-level. We did not identify associations of built environment and demographic features with self-rated health. Approaches and policies to improve health in Latin American should be urban context-sensitive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Teixeira Vaz
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Avenida Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho 400, Divinópolis, 35501-296, Brazil; Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Débora Moraes Coelho
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Uriel Moreira Silva
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Cristina de Souza Andrade
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil; Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa 2367, Cuiabá, 78060-900, Brazil.
| | - Francisca González López
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Chile.
| | | | - Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | - Ana Victoria Diez-Roux
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Citizen science in the community: Gaining insight in community and participant health in four deprived neighbourhoods in the Netherlands. Health Place 2022; 75:102798. [PMID: 35364470 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine if citizen science contributes to gaining insight into community health and to the health of the citizen scientists themselves. Therefore, thirteen citizens in four deprived neighbourhoods were trained as citizen scientists to conduct research in their own communities. Results showed that the citizen scientists identified forty (health related) themes in their communities. The citizen scientists reported an increase in their overall self-perceived health which, however, was not significantly demonstrated in the prequestionnaire and postquestionnaire.
Collapse
|
4
|
Coimbra BM, Carvalho CM, van Zuiden M, Williamson RE, Ota VK, Mello AF, Belangero SI, Olff M, Mello MF. The impact of neighborhood context on telomere length: A systematic review. Health Place 2022; 74:102746. [PMID: 35123384 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of research demonstrates the association between neighborhood context and health. The underlying biological mechanisms of this association are not fully understood. We conducted a systematic review of studies that investigated the association between neighborhood context and telomere length (TL), a DNA-protein complex that shortens after cell division. Short TL is linked to age-related diseases and may be impacted by chronic stress. Nineteen eligible articles identified through PubMed and Scopus met inclusion criteria. Results demonstrated inconsistent support for the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and short TL. However, findings across several studies provide evidence for an inverse association between perceived neighborhood problems and TL, suggesting that TL may be an important factor in understanding health vulnerabilities associated specifically with negative perceptions of the neighborhood context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Messina Coimbra
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Program for Research and Care on Violence and PTSD (PROVE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Carolina Muniz Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirjam van Zuiden
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vanessa Kiyomi Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Feijó Mello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Program for Research and Care on Violence and PTSD (PROVE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sintia Iole Belangero
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miranda Olff
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Feijó Mello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Program for Research and Care on Violence and PTSD (PROVE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tørslev MK, Andersen PT, Nielsen AV, Petri M, Termansen T, Vardinghus-Nielsen H, Varming A, Bloch P. Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes: a protocol for a long-term Supersetting initiative to promote health and prevent type 2 diabetes among people living in an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse neighbourhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048846. [PMID: 34580094 PMCID: PMC8477325 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is an escalating public health problem closely related to socioeconomic position. There is increased risk of type 2 diabetes in disadvantaged neighbourhoods where education, occupation and income levels are low. Meanwhile, studies show positive health outcomes of participatory community interventions pointing towards the need for increased health promotion and prevention of type 2 diabetes in local communities. This study protocol describes Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes (TCD), a community-based health promotion and type 2 diabetes prevention initiative in Tingbjerg, a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. METHODS AND ANALYSIS TCD is a long-term, complex intervention, implemented in three phases from 2014 to 2032, focusing on partnership formation (phase 1, 2014-2019), developing and implementing action for health (phase 2, 2019-2030) and diffusion of knowledge (phase 3, 2022-2032). The Supersetting principles act as guidelines for development and implementation of all intervention activities of TCD, involving several population groups in a variety of everyday life settings. The implementation of TCD draws on Community Action Research design and methodologies. TCD's evaluation and research strategy is interdisciplinary, pragmatic and multimethod, unfolding at three levels of operation: (A) evaluating activities, (B) researching cross-cutting topics, and (C) researching methods and approaches. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION TCD has been approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency. Accordingly, the initiative is carried out in adherence to rules and regulations of the Danish Data Protection Agency. As data contain no personal identifiable or sensitive data, no clearance from the Danish National Ethical Review Board can be obtained according to Danish regulations. Citizen, local agents and stakeholders are engaged in the design and execution of TCD to ensure usefulness, reflexive interpretation of data, relevance and iterative progression of interventions. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals, presented at conferences and through public media including TCD home page, podcasts and videos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Asser Vittrup Nielsen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Health Promotion, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Marie Petri
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tina Termansen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vardinghus-Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Annemarie Varming
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Paul Bloch
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lehning AJ, Mattocks N, Smith RJ, Kim K, Cheon JH. Neighborhood Age Composition and Self-Rated Health: Findings from a Nationally Representative Study. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2021; 64:257-273. [PMID: 33375913 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2020.1866731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhood age composition is an understudied area. Furthermore, existing empirical and conceptual work is conflicting, with some scholarship-indicating neighborhoods with older adults are beneficial and other scholarship suggesting it can be detrimental. Combining data from 7,197 older adults from the first wave (2011) of the National Health & Aging Trends Study and census tract data from the National Neighborhood Change Database, the purposes of our study were to: 1) identify the characteristics of neighborhoods experiencing different types of changes in age composition, and 2) examine the association between neighborhood age composition and self-rated health. Findings indicate that neighborhoods experiencing Concentration (where the number of older adults are declining but their percentage of the total population are increasing), the majority of which are in urban areas, have less aggregate economic resources, more indicators of neighborhood disorder, and less access to services and supports. Regression models also suggest older adults living in Concentration neighborhoods reported lower self-rated health compared to those living in the other three neighborhood types. Findings point to the importance of considering neighborhood age composition when targeting interventions and resources, and the potential consequences of being stuck in place in a neighborhood that does not meet elders' needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Lehning
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Mattocks
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard J Smith
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kyeongmo Kim
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ji Hyang Cheon
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oshio T, Kimura H, Nishizaki T, Omori T. How does area-level deprivation depress an individual's self-rated health and life satisfaction? Evidence from a nationwide population-based survey in Japan. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:523. [PMID: 33731075 PMCID: PMC7968212 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Area-level deprivation is well known to have an adverse impact on mortality, morbidity, or other specific health outcomes. This study examined how area-level deprivation may affect self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction (LS), an issue that is largely understudied. METHODS We used individual-level data obtained from a nationwide population-based internet survey conducted between 2019 and 2020, as well as municipality-level data obtained from a Japanese government database (N = 12,461 living in 366 municipalities). We developed multilevel regression models to explain an individual's SRH and LS scores using four alternative measures of municipality-level deprivation, controlling for individual-level deprivation and covariates. We also examined how health behavior and interactions with others mediated the impact of area-level deprivation on SRH and LS. RESULTS Participants in highly deprived municipalities tended to report poorer SRH and lower LS. For example, when living in municipalities falling in the highest tertile of municipality-level deprivation as measured by the z-scoring method, SRH and LS scores worsened by a standard deviation of 0.05 (p < 0.05) when compared with those living in municipalities falling in the lowest tertile of deprivation. In addition, health behavior mediated between 17.6 and 33.1% of the impact of municipality-level deprivation on SRH and LS, depending on model specifications. CONCLUSION Results showed that area-level deprivation modestly decreased an individual's general health conditions and subjective well-being, underscoring the need for public health policies to improve area-level socioeconomic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oshio
- Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, Tokyo, 186-8603, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Kimura
- Survey Research Center, 3-13-5 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
| | - Toshimi Nishizaki
- Japan Cabinet Office, 1-6-1 Nagatacho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8914, Japan
| | - Takashi Omori
- Osaka University, 1-7 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Oguttu JW, Ncayiyana JR. Social capital and self-rated health of residents of Gauteng province: Does area-level deprivation influence the relationship? SSM Popul Health 2020; 11:100607. [PMID: 32637552 PMCID: PMC7330610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although social capital has been linked to population health, there is a dearth of studies on the phenomenon especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the individual and contextual effects of social capital indicators (group membership, registered to vote, perception towards safety in community and generalised trust) on the self-rated health (SRH) of the residents of Gauteng province. We used data from the 2015 Quality of Life (QoL) survey, which included a random representative sample of 27476 residents (level 1) in 508 administrative wards (level 2). We employed a multilevel logistic regression to examine the association of social capital and SRH (good vs poor). After adjusting for individual and area-level factors, no main effect of group membership (Adjusted OR: 0.93: 95% CI: 0.85-1.02), generalised trust (Adjusted OR: 1.01: 95% CI: 0.89-1.49) and registered to vote (Adjusted OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.82-1.10) was observed. However, if respondents were positive in their perception towards safety in community, there was a positive association with good SRH (Adjusted OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.31); while if residents reported a negative perception towards safety in community, a strong negative association with good SRH (Adjusted OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.62-0.79) was observed. Both ward variance and median odds ratio (MOR) indicate significant differences in good SRH by wards. A strong positive joint effect on the multiplicative scale was observed between satisfied with safety and the ward-level South African Multiple Deprivation Poverty Index (SAMPI), while a strong negative joint effect was also observed on a multiplicative scale between dissatisfied with safety and the SAMPI. Perception of safety in community is the core domain of social capital that significantly impacts the SRH of residents of Gauteng. Although the effect of perception towards safety in community on good SRH is influenced by ward deprivation,the effect is not dependent on the level of deprivation. Contextual factors as evidenced by the persistent MOR, in addition to individual factors, explain variation in reporting good SRH in the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James W Oguttu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jabulani R Ncayiyana
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The role of individual, household, and area of residence factors on self-rated health in Colombian adults: A multilevel study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 40:296-308. [PMID: 32673458 PMCID: PMC7505506 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Self-rated health is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality. It is largely influenced by individual factors but also by individuals’ social surroundings and environment. Objective: To investigate individual, household, and locality factors associated with self- rated health in Colombian adults. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional multilevel study using data from national databases on 19 urban localities and 37,352 individuals nested within 15,788 households using a population-based survey. Given the natural hierarchical structure of the data, the estimates of self-rated health related to individual, household, and locality characteristics were obtained by fitting a three-level logistic regression. Results: The adjusted multilevel logistic models showed that at individual level, higher odds of poor self-rated health were found among older adults, persons from low socio-economic status, those living without a partner, with no regular physical activity, and reporting morbidities. At the household level, poor self-rated health was associated with households of low socioeconomic status located near noise sources and factories and in polluted and insecure areas. At the locality level, only poverty was associated with poor self-rated health after adjusting for individual and household variables. Conclusions: These results highlight the need for a more integrated framework when designing and implementing strategies and programs that aim to improve health conditions in urban populations in Latin America.
Collapse
|
10
|
["Here (in Sydney) we are lost:" An ethnographic study of life satisfaction among urban aboriginal Australians participating in a community outreach program]. Salud Colect 2020; 16:e2553. [PMID: 32574465 DOI: 10.18294/sc.2020.2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This ethnographic study was designed to explore living conditions among a group of aboriginal families residing in an urban context, who participated in a recreational social program. The aim of the study was to explore life satisfaction by analyzing their living conditions and cultural capital inscribed in established attitudes, perceptions, and lay knowledge. Fieldwork was carried out in two complementary phases: phase 1, between May 2008 and December 2010, began when the first listed author initiated volunteer work with the organization responsible for the program; in phase 2, which extended from January 2011 to February 2013, participant observation was intensified and semi-structured interviews were carried out. The results indicate that the process of cultural uprooting underscores the experience of social inequality, and suggest a cohort effect that continues to this day. This process of cultural (in)consonance must be taken into account as a key factor when analyzing the living conditions and well-being of ethnic minorities, as well as when developing programs and interventions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kashem T, Al Sayah F, Tawiah A, Ohinmaa A, Johnson JA. The relationship between individual-level deprivation and health-related quality of life. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17:176. [PMID: 31783859 PMCID: PMC6883516 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between individual-level deprivation and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in the general population. METHODS Data from a population-based survey in the Canadian province of Alberta were used. Individual-level deprivation was assessed using the Canadian Deprivation Index (CDI) and the Ontario Deprivation Index (ODI). HRQL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5 L. Differences in problems in the EQ-5D-5 L dimensions, index and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores across levels of deprivation were examined. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models adjusted for socio-demographic and other characteristics were used to examine the independent association between deprivation and HRQL. RESULTS Of the 6314 respondents, 39% were aged between 18 and 44 years and 38% between 45 and 64 years; 60% were female. Mean EQ-5D-5 L index and VAS scores were 0.85 (standard deviation [SD] 0.14) and 79.6 (SD 17.7), respectively. Almost one-third (30.6%) of respondents reported no problems on all EQ-5D-5 L dimensions. Few participants reported some problems with mobility (23.8%), self-care (6.2%) and usual activities (25.2%), while 59.3 and 35.5% reported some levels of pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, respectively. Differences between the most and least deprived in reporting problems in EQ-5D-5 L dimensions, index and VAS scores were statistically significant and clinically important. In adjusted regression models for both deprivation indices, the least well-off, compared to the most well-off, had higher likelihood of reporting problems in all EQ-5D-5 L dimensions. Compared to the most well-off, the least well-off had an EQ-5D-5 L index score decrement of 0.18 (p < 0.01) and 0.17 (p < 0.01) for the CDI and ODI, respectively. Similarly, an inverse association was found between the VAS score and the CDI (β = - 17.3, p < 0.01) as well as the ODI (β = - 13.3, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Individual-level deprivation is associated with worse HRQL. Poverty reduction strategies should consider the effects of not only neighbourhood-level deprivation, but also that of individual-level deprivation to improve overall health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahmid Kashem
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 2-040 Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
| | - Fatima Al Sayah
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 2-040 Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Andrews Tawiah
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, 3-44 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G4, Canada
| | - Arto Ohinmaa
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 2-040 Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jeffery A Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 2-040 Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang B, Liu Y, Feng Z, Pearce JR, Wang R, Zhang Y, Chen J. Residential exposure to natural outdoor environments and general health among older adults in Shanghai, China. Int J Equity Health 2019; 18:178. [PMID: 31752984 PMCID: PMC6868833 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-019-1081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to natural outdoor environments (NOE) has been shown to be beneficial to older adults’ health and functioning, yet this assertion has rarely been tested in China. We investigated the relationships between exposure to NOE and older adults’ self-rated health in Shanghai, China and examined whether these relationships varied by sex, age, education and hukou status. Method This cross-sectional study used micro-data sample of the 2010 Shanghai population census, including 7962 older adults nested within 3345 neighbourhoods. Self-rated health was the outcome variable. Four NOE exposure indicators were calculated for each neighbourhood: the amount of surrounding greenness/blueness and proximity to large green/blue spaces. Multilevel logistic regression was employed to explore the association between natural outdoor environment exposure and self-rated health, adjusting for individual-level and neighbourhood-level covariates. Stratified analyses were used to examine variations by sex, age, education and hukou status. Results Older adults living in neighbourhoods with higher surrounding greenness and higher proximity to both green spaces and blue spaces were more likely to report good health. Residential surrounding blueness was not significantly related to self-rated health. Females, those aged 60–69 years, those who had elementary school or junior high school education and those with non-local hukou benefit more from residential surrounding greenness, and those aged 70–79 years and who had elementary school or junior high school education benefit more from residential proximity to blue spaces. Conclusions Higher residential greenness and proximity to both green spaces and blue spaces were associated with better self-rated health, particularly for females, younger older adults, the low educated and non-local hukou holders. Our findings suggest that urban green spaces and urban blue spaces have different effects on health among Chinese older adults and that the assessment of exposure matters to the investigation of NOE-health relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baishi Huang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China. .,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jamie R Pearce
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yina Zhang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Social Capital and Self-Rated Health among Older Adults Living in Urban China: A Mediation Model. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11205566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Social capital and healthy aging are both crucial for social sustainability in China. The present study tested the role of structural social capital in self-rated health among older urban Chinese adults and the influence of cognitive social capital on this relationship. A sample of 456 older adults aged 60 or older in Suzhou, China, were recruited and completed the survey in 2015. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model. Cognitive social capital had larger effects on self-rated health than structural social capital. The relationship between structural social capital and self-rated health was fully mediated by cognitive social capital, when sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, physical health conditions, and living arrangements were controlled. The culturally sensitive latent construct of community-based social capital proved to be a valid instrument in urban Chinese contexts. Structural social capital likely indirectly affects self-rated health through cognitive social capital. Policy and intervention implications are discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang J, Xu S, Lu N. Community-Based Cognitive Social Capital and Self-Rated Health among Older Chinese Adults: The Moderating Effects of Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152741. [PMID: 31370363 PMCID: PMC6696344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the moderating role of education on the association between community-based cognitive social capital and self-rated health among older adults in urban Chinese communities. Data were derived from a community survey conducted in Suzhou, China, in November 2015. A sample of 456 respondents aged 60 or older completed interviews. Multiple-group analysis from a structural equation modeling perspective was adopted to examine the proposed model. The measurement model of community-based cognitive social capital featured four trust and reciprocity indicators. Measurement invariance was established across high and low education groups. Education was found to have a moderating effect on the association between community-based cognitive social capital and self-rated health, but only in the high education group. Education should be considered an important factor in future social capital policy and intervention plans. Policy and intervention implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Zhang
- Department of Sociology, School of Philosophy and Sociology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of Gender and Culture, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130052, China
| | - Shicun Xu
- Department of Population, Resources and Environment, Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tanggaard Andersen P, Holst Algren M, Fromsejer Heiberg R, Joshi R, Kronborg Bak C. Social network resources and self-rated health in a deprived Danish neighborhood. Health Promot Int 2018; 33:999-1009. [PMID: 28973140 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that living in a deprived neighborhood contributes to the occurrence and development of poor health. Furthermore evidence shows that social networks are fundamental resources in preventing poor mental health. Neighborhood relationships and networks are vital for sustaining and improving quality of life. However, to determine potentials for public health action, the health impact of various types of network resources need to be explored and the association between socioeconomic position and self-rated health needs to be analysed to determine whether it is partially explained by social network resources. This is the main aim of this article. Cross-sectional data from one deprived neighborhood located in Denmark were collected in 2008 and 2013 using a postal health survey. The target group was defined as adults older than 16 years. In 2008, 408 residents participated in the survey, and 405 residents participated in 2013. Our main explanatory variables were indicators of socioeconomic positions and social network resources. The analyses were conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regressions. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in respondents being involuntarily alone during the period from 2008 to 2013. An impact of the association between disposable income and self-rated health was found, showing that low income residents with a better social network also have slightly higher odds of having good self-rated health compared with residents with higher income. This investigation is the first Danish study that repeats a health survey in the same neighborhood to measure possible improvement in health among residents. More longitudinal research is needed in the future to explore the complex relationship between social network resources, social capital and health in neighborhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Holst Algren
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Regina Fromsejer Heiberg
- Department of Public Health, Centre of Maritime Health and Society, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Ranjila Joshi
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chaparro MP, Benzeval M, Richardson E, Mitchell R. Neighborhood deprivation and biomarkers of health in Britain: the mediating role of the physical environment. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:801. [PMID: 29945580 PMCID: PMC6020450 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neighborhood deprivation has been consistently linked to poor individual health outcomes; however, studies exploring the mechanisms involved in this association are scarce. The objective of this study was to investigate whether objective measures of the physical environment mediate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and biomarkers of health in Britain. METHODS We linked individual-level biomarker data from Understanding Society: The UK Household Longitudinal Survey (2010-2012) to neighborhood-level data from different governmental sources. Our outcome variables were forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%; n=16,347), systolic blood pressure (SBP; n=16,846), body mass index (BMI; n=19,417), and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP; n=11,825). Our measure of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was the Carstairs index, and the neighborhood-level mediators were levels of air pollutants (sulphur dioxide [SO2], particulate matter [PM10], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], and carbon monoxide [CO]), green space, and proximity to waste and industrial facilities. We fitted a multilevel mediation model following a multilevel structural equation framework in MPlus v7.4, adjusting for age, gender, and income. RESULTS Residents of poor neighborhoods and those exposed to higher pollution and less green space had worse health outcomes. However, only SO2 exposure significantly and partially mediated the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and SBP, BMI, and CRP. CONCLUSION Reducing air pollution exposure and increasing access to green space may improve population health but may not decrease health inequalities in Britain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pia Chaparro
- Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex. Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ UK
- Present Address : Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal St., suite 2200-16, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Michaela Benzeval
- Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex. Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ UK
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ UK
| | - Elizabeth Richardson
- NHS Health Scotland, Gyle Square, 1 S Gyle Cres, Edinburgh, EH12 9EB UK
- Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP UK
| | - Richard Mitchell
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ UK
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 200 Renfield Street, Glasgow, G2 3QB UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carraça EV, Mackenbach JD, Lakerveld J, Rutter H, Oppert JM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Compernolle S, Roda C, Bardos H, Teixeira PJ. Lack of interest in physical activity - individual and environmental attributes in adults across Europe: The SPOTLIGHT project. Prev Med 2018; 111:41-48. [PMID: 29474850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A considerable proportion of European adults report little or no interest in physical activity. Identifying individual-level and environmental-level characteristics of these individuals can help designing effective interventions and policies to promote physical activity. This cross-sectional study additionally explored associations between level of interest and physical activity, after controlling for other individual and environmental variables. Measures of objective and perceived features of the physical environment of residence, self-reported physical activity and other lifestyle behaviors, barriers towards physical activity, general health, and demographics were obtained from 5205 European adults participating in the 2014 online SPOTLIGHT survey. t-Tests, chi-square tests, and generalized estimating equations with negative binomial log-link function were conducted. Adults not interested in physical activity reported a higher BMI and a lower self-rated health, were less educated, and to a smaller extent female and less frequently employed. They were more prone to have less healthy eating habits, and to perceive more barriers towards physical activity. Only minor differences were observed in environmental attributes: the non-interested were slightly more likely to live in neighborhoods objectively characterized as less aesthetic and containing more destinations, and perceived as less functional, safe, and aesthetic. Even after controlling for other individual and environmental factors, interest in physical activity remained a significant correlate of physical activity, supporting the importance of this association. This study is among the first to describe characteristics of individuals with reduced interest in physical activity, suggesting that (lack of) interest is a robust correlate of physical activity in several personal and environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana V Carraça
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Rutter
- ECOHOST - The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Nutrition Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), Centre for Research on Human Nutrition Ile-de-France (CRNH IdF), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Célina Roda
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Helga Bardos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pedro J Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rocha V, Ribeiro AI, Severo M, Barros H, Fraga S. Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation and health-related quality of life: A multilevel analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188736. [PMID: 29236719 PMCID: PMC5728480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and health-related quality of life in urban neighbourhoods, using a multilevel approach. Methods Of the population-based cohort EPIPorto, 1154 georeferenced participants completed the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation classes were estimated using latent-class analysis. Multilevel models measured clustering and contextual effects of neighbourhood deprivation on physical and mental HRQoL. Results Residents from the least deprived neighbourhoods had higher physical HRQoL. Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation together with individual-level variables (age, gender and education) and health-related factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentariness and chronic diseases) explained 98% of the total between-neighbourhood variance. Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation was significantly associated with physical health when comparing least and most deprived neighbourhoods (class 2—beta coefficient: -0.60; 95% confidence interval:-1.76;-0.56; class 3 –beta coefficient: -2.28; 95% confidence interval:-3.96;-0.60), and as neighbourhood deprivation increases, a decrease in all values of physical health dimensions (physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain and general health) was also observed. Regarding the mental health dimension, no neighbourhood clustering or contextual effects were found. However, as neighbourhood deprivation increases, the values of vitality and role emotional dimensions significantly decreased. Conclusion Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated with HRQoL, affecting particularly physical health. This study suggests that to improve HRQoL, people and places should be targeted simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Rocha
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Ribeiro
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Fraga
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim EK, Jung YS, Kim KH, Kim KR, Kwon GH, Choi YH, Lee HK. Social capital and oral health: The association of social capital with edentulism and chewing ability in the rural elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 74:100-105. [PMID: 29065366 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between social capital and oral health had been reported in various ways, but still remains unclear. We investigated the association between the social capital of the elderly living in a rural region and their edentulism and chewing ability. METHODS A total of 241 elderly aged≥70years living in a rural city of Korea participated in this cross-sectional study. Their social capital was surveyed by questionnaire assessing its network and trust dimensions. Their edentulism and chewing ability were assessed by oral examination and chewing gum whose color changes based on the mastication performance. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 82.7 (ranged 71 to 101) years and 68.8% of them were female. In the binomial regression analysis, the general network aspect of the network dimension was significantly associated with chewing ability, of which the prevalence ratio was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.16-3.06) in the age, sex, education and marital status-adjusted model. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that social capital, such as a poor social network, is associated with poor chewing ability in the elderly living in rural areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyong Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sook Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Health Care Administration, Yeungnam College of Science & Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hong Kwon
- Department of Health Care Administration, Yeungnam College of Science & Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Closson K, Palmer AK, Collins AB, Salters K, Zhang W, Montaner JSG, Hogg RS, Parashar S. Factors associated with low neighborhood cohesion among women living with HIV impacted by social-structural inequities in British Columbia. AIDS Care 2017; 30:318-324. [PMID: 28814104 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1363368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Built and social environments, including one's perception of their environment, are important determinants of health. The intersection of gender and HIV status may complicate the role of neighborhood cohesion in safety, personal well-being, and health outcomes for populations impacted by social and structural inequities. Among women in particular, social cohesion within the neighborhood they reside in may have a greater influence on health outcomes compared to their male counterparts. We sought to examine perception of neighborhood cohesion (validated scale with a range 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher perceived neighborhood cohesion) among women living with HIV, impacted by social-structural inequities, receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, and enrolled in the Longitudinal Investigations into Supportive Ancillary health services (LISA) study in British Columbia, Canada. Cross-sectional data on neighborhood cohesion and socio-demographic data were collected in an interviewer-administered survey. Of the 1,000 LISA participants interviewed, 908 (including 249 women and 659 men) had complete data for the variables of interest. At the bivariate level, women had worse perceived neighborhood cohesion scores compared to men (median: 56 [95% CI: 44-66] vs. 60 [95% CI: 47-71]). Multivariable model results indicated that for women living with HIV in our sample, greater neighborhood cohesion scores were positively associated with stable housing (β coefficient = 7.85; 95% CI: 3.61, 12.10, p < 0.001), and negatively associated with greater perceived HIV stigma (β coefficient = -1.19; 95% CI: -2.24 to-0.15; p = 0.025). The results illustrate the gendered nature of experiencing built and social environments, and highlight the need for women-centred interventions to address the social determinants of HIV burden associated with negative perceptions of neighborhood cohesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalysha Closson
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , BC , Canada
| | - Alexis K Palmer
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Alexandra B Collins
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , BC , Canada
| | - Kate Salters
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , BC , Canada
| | - Wendy Zhang
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Julio S G Montaner
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,c Division of AIDS , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Robert S Hogg
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , BC , Canada
| | - Surita Parashar
- a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Faculty of Health Sciences , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , BC , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Casey JA, Morello-Frosch R, Mennitt DJ, Fristrup K, Ogburn EL, James P. Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, Residential Segregation, and Spatial Variation in Noise Exposure in the Contiguous United States. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:077017. [PMID: 28749369 PMCID: PMC5744659 DOI: 10.1289/ehp898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has reported disparities in environmental exposures in the United States, but, to our knowledge, no nationwide studies have assessed inequality in noise pollution. OBJECTIVES We aimed to a) assess racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in noise pollution in the contiguous United States; and b) consider the modifying role of metropolitan level racial residential segregation. METHODS We used a geospatial sound model to estimate census block group–level median (L50) nighttime and daytime noise exposure and 90th percentile (L10) daytime noise exposure. Block group variables from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey (ACS) included race/ethnicity, education, income, poverty, unemployment, homeownership, and linguistic isolation. We estimated associations using polynomial terms in spatial error models adjusted for total population and population density. We also evaluated the relationship between race/ethnicity and noise, stratified by levels of metropolitan area racial residential segregation, classified using a multigroup dissimilarity index. RESULTS Generally, estimated nighttime and daytime noise levels were higher for census block groups with higher proportions of nonwhite and lower-socioeconomic status (SES) residents. For example, estimated nighttime noise levels in urban block groups with 75% vs. 0% black residents were 46.3 A-weighted decibels (dBA) [interquartile range (IQR): 44.3–47.8 dBA] and 42.3 dBA (IQR: 40.4–45.5 dBA), respectively. In urban block groups with 50% vs. 0% of residents living below poverty, estimated nighttime noise levels were 46.9 dBA (IQR: 44.7–48.5 dBA) and 44.0 dBA (IQR: 42.2–45.5 dBA), respectively. Block groups with the highest metropolitan area segregation had the highest estimated noise exposures, regardless of racial composition. Results were generally consistent between urban and suburban/rural census block groups, and for daytime and nighttime noise and robust to different spatial weight and neighbor definitions. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in model-based estimates of noise exposure throughout the United States. Additional research is needed to determine if differences in noise exposure may contribute to health disparities in the United States. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP898
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan A Casey
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health & Society Scholars Program, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley , California, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, and the School of Public Health; University of California , Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Daniel J Mennitt
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kurt Fristrup
- Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Directorate, National Park Service , Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Ogburn
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute; Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Poortinga W, Calve T, Jones N, Lannon S, Rees T, Rodgers SE, Lyons RA, Johnson R. Neighborhood Quality and Attachment: Validation of the Revised Residential Environment Assessment Tool. ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 49:255-282. [PMID: 28260806 PMCID: PMC5316962 DOI: 10.1177/0013916516634403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have shown that neighborhood quality is linked to neighborhood attachment and satisfaction. However, most have relied upon residents' own perceptions rather than independent observations of the neighborhood environment. This study examines the reliability and validity of the revised Residential Environment Assessment Tool (REAT 2.0), an audit instrument covering both public and private spaces of the neighborhood environment. The research shows that REAT 2.0 is a reliable, easy-to-use instrument and that most underlying constructs can be validated against residents' own neighborhood perceptions. The convergent validity of the instrument, which was tested against digital map data, can be improved for a number of miscellaneous urban form items. The research further found that neighborhood attachment was significantly associated with the overall REAT 2.0 score. This association can mainly be attributed to the property-level neighborhood quality and natural elements components. The research demonstrates the importance of private spaces in the outlook of the neighborhood environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Poortinga
- Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Wouter Poortinga, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University, Bute Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kravitz-Wirtz N. Cumulative Effects of Growing Up in Separate and Unequal Neighborhoods on Racial Disparities in Self-rated Health in Early Adulthood. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2016; 57:453-470. [PMID: 27799591 PMCID: PMC5463536 DOI: 10.1177/0022146516671568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that living in a socioeconomically deprived neighborhood is associated with worse health. Yet most research relies on cross-sectional data, which implicitly ignore variation in longer-term exposure that may be more consequential for health. Using data from the 1970 to 2011 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics merged with census data on respondents' neighborhoods (N = 1,757), this study estimates a marginal structural model with inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights to examine: (1) whether cumulative exposure to neighborhood disadvantage from birth through age 17 affects self-rated health in early adulthood, and (2) the extent to which variation in such exposure helps to explain racial disparities therein. Findings reveal that prolonged exposure to neighborhood disadvantage throughout childhood and adolescence is strikingly more common among nonwhite versus white respondents and is associated with significantly greater odds of experiencing an incidence of fair or poor health in early adulthood.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the relationship between the characteristics of neighborhoods and the health and well-being of residents. The focus on neighborhood as a health determinant is based on the hypothesis that residing in a disadvantaged neighborhood can negatively influence health outcomes beyond the effect of individual characteristics. In this article, we examine three possible ways of measuring neighborhood socio-economic status, and how they each impact on self-reported health status beyond the effect contributed by individual-level factors. Using individual-level data from the Household Income and Labor Dynamics Australia survey combined with neighborhood-level (suburb) data, we tested the proposition that how one measures neighborhood socio-economic characteristics may provide an important new insight into understanding the links between individual-level outcomes and neighborhood-level characteristics. The findings from the analysis illustrate that although individual-level factors may be important to understanding health outcomes, how one accounts for neighborhood-level socio-economic status may be equally important. The findings suggest that in developing place-based health programs, policy makers need to account for the complex interactions between individual drivers and the potential complexities of accounting for neighborhood socio-economic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Baum
- a Cities Research Centre, Griffith University , Nathan , Queensland , Australia
| | - Elizabeth Kendall
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Meadowbrook , Queensland , Australia
| | - Sanjoti Parekh
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Meadowbrook , Queensland , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gilster ME, Meier CL. Formal and Informal Neighborhood Social Organization: Which Promotes Better Resident Health? HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2016; 41:182-190. [PMID: 29206950 PMCID: PMC4985881 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlw024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhood social organization captures how neighborhood residents differently organize to exert social control and enact their vision of their community. Whereas structural aspects of neighborhoods have been found to predict the health of neighborhood residents, we know less about whether neighborhood social characteristics, like social organization, matter for resident health. In their study, authors tested whether two types of social organization-formal and informal-were more predictive of resident self-rated health in a diverse sample of Chicago residents. They used multilevel models with survey weights, ordered dependent variables, and multiple imputation. They found that one measure of formal social organization, organizational participation, was significantly associated with self-rated health even when controlling for other types of social organization and individual participation. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications for macro social work practice to address social determinants of health and improve community health.
Collapse
|
26
|
Rasmussen M, Poulsen EK, Rytter AS, Kristiansen TM, Bak CK. Experiences with Recruitment of Marginalized Groups in a Danish Health Promotion Program: A Document Evaluation Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158079. [PMID: 27336787 PMCID: PMC4919014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have found that marginalized groups living in deprived neighborhoods are less likely to participate in health programs compared to the majority of society. This study evaluates recruitment approaches conducted during a national government-funded project in 12 deprived neighborhoods across Denmark between 2010 and 2014. The aim of this study was to understand how recruitment approaches could promote participation in health programs within deprived neighborhoods to reach marginalized groups. Method Documents from all 12 of the included municipalities were collected to conduct a document evaluation. The collected documents consisted of 1,500 pages of written material with 12 project descriptions, three midterm and 10 final evaluations. The collected data were analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. Results The results are based on the fact that only 10 municipalities have developed evaluations related to recruitment, and only three evaluations provided a description of which marginalized groups were recruited. Challenges related to recruitment consist of difficulties involving the target group, including general distrust, language barriers and a lack of ability to cope with new situations and strangers. Additional geographical challenges emerged, especially in rural areas. Positive experiences with recruitment approaches were mainly related to relationship building and trust building, especially through face-to-face contact and the project employees’ presence in the neighborhood. Additionally, adjusting some of the interventions and the recruitment strategy increased participation. Conclusion This study found that relation and trust between the residents and the project employees is an important factor in the recruitment of marginalized groups in deprived neighborhoods as well as adjusting the health interventions or recruitment strategy to the target groups. In future research, it is necessary to examine which recruitment approaches are effective under which circumstances to increase participation among marginalized groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Rasmussen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Eva Kanstrup Poulsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rodrigues DE, César CC, Xavier CC, Caiaffa WT, Proietti FA. The place where you live and self-rated health in a large urban area. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2016; 31 Suppl 1:246-56. [PMID: 26648378 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00166714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the association between one's perception of the place of residence and self-rated health. 4,048 adult residents of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, participated in the study in 2008 and 2009. Ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate the magnitude of the association. Health was rated as good or very good, fair, or poor or very poor by 65.7%, 27.8%, and 6.5% of the subjects, respectively. Better self-rated health was associated with the following neighborhood characteristics: positive evaluation of aesthetics and mobility, better quality of public services, less physical and social disorder. The perception of violence had a borderline statistically significant association with worse self-rated health. These associations persisted after controlling for potential confounding demographic, socioeconomic, health, and health behavior variables. The results indicate that public and health policies should incorporate interventions that address the physical and social environment in addition to policies focused on individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cibele Comini César
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Understanding the impact of area-based interventions on area safety in deprived areas: realist evaluation of a neighbour nuisance intervention in Arnhem, the Netherlands. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:291. [PMID: 27037057 PMCID: PMC4815139 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Area-based health inequalities may partly be explained by higher levels of area disorder in deprived areas. Area disorder may cause safety concerns and hence impair health. This study assessed how, for whom and in what conditions the intervention Meeting for Care and Nuisance (MCN) had an impact on neighbour nuisance and area safety in four deprived districts in Arnhem, the Netherlands. METHODS Realist evaluation methodology was applied to uncover how, for whom, and under what conditions MCN was expected to and actually produced change. Expected change was based on action plans and scientific theories. Actual change was based on progress reports, media articles, interviews with district managers, and quantitative surveys. RESULTS Three levels of impact were distinguished. At the organisational level, partly as expected, MCN's coordinated partnership strategy enabled role alignment, communication, and leadership. This resulted in a more efficient approach of nuisance households. At the level of nuisance households, as expected, MCN's joint assistance and enforcement strategy removed many of the underlying reasons for nuisance. This resulted in less neighbour nuisance. At the district level, perceptions of social control and area safety improved only in one district. Key conditions for change included a wider safety approach, dense population, and central location of the district within the city. CONCLUSIONS This realist evaluation provided insight into the mechanisms by which a complex area-based intervention was able to reduce neighbour nuisance in deprived areas. Depending on wider conditions, such a reduction in neighbour nuisance may or may not lead to improved perceptions of area safety at the district level.
Collapse
|
29
|
Mackenbach JD, Lakerveld J, van Lenthe FJ, Bárdos H, Glonti K, Compernolle S, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Oppert JM, Roda C, Rutter H, Brug J, Nijpels G. Exploring why residents of socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods have less favourable perceptions of their neighbourhood environment than residents of wealthy neighbourhoods. Obes Rev 2016; 17 Suppl 1:42-52. [PMID: 26879112 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Residents of socioeconomically deprived areas perceive their neighbourhood as less conducive to healthy behaviours than residents of more affluent areas. Whether these unfavourable perceptions are based on objective neighbourhood features or other factors is poorly understood. We examined individual and contextual correlates of socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions across five urban regions in Europe. Data were analysed from 5205 participants of the SPOTLIGHT survey. Participants reported perceptions of their neighbourhood environment with regard to aesthetics, safety, the presence of destinations and functionality of the neighbourhood, which were summed into an overall neighbourhood perceptions score. Multivariable multilevel regression analyses were conducted to investigate whether the following factors were associated with socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions: objectively observed neighbourhood features, neighbourhood social capital, exposure to the neighbourhood, self-rated health and lifestyle behaviours. Objectively observed traffic safety, aesthetics and the presence of destinations in the neighbourhood explained around 15% of differences in neighbourhood perceptions between residents of high and low neighbourhoods; levels of neighbourhood social cohesion explained around 52%. Exposure to the neighbourhood, self-rated health and lifestyle behaviours were significant correlates of neighbourhood perceptions but did not contribute to socioeconomic differences. This cross-European study provided evidence that socioeconomic differences in neighbourhood perceptions are not only associated with objective neighbourhood features but also with social cohesion. Levels of physical activity, sleep duration, self-rated health, happiness and neighbourhood preference were also associated with neighbourhood perceptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Bárdos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - K Glonti
- ECOHOST - The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - I De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J-M Oppert
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France.,Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Roda
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - H Rutter
- ECOHOST - The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - J Brug
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Nijpels
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Höfelmann DA, Diez Roux AV, Antunes JLF, Peres MA. Association of perceived neighborhood problems and census tract income with poor self-rated health in adults: a multilevel approach. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 31 Suppl 1:79-91. [PMID: 26648365 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00210913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood problems constitute sources of chronic stress that may increase the risk of poor self-rated health. The associations of census tract level income and perceived neighborhood problems with self-rated health were examined in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil (1,720 adults). Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of poor self-rated health were estimated through multilevel models. Residents in census tracts in the lower and intermediate tertiles of income reported poorer health than those in the highest tertile. OR of reporting poorer health was 2.44 (95%CI: 2.35- 2.54) in the higher tertile of social disorder (adjusting for mental health). The chances of reporting the poorer health with neighborhood problems ranged from 1.07 (95%CI: 1.03-1.11) to 2.02 (95%CI: 1.95-2.10) for the higher tertile of social disorder (physical health) and physical problem (health-related variables). Perceived neighborhood problems were independently associated with poor health. The perception of a neighborhood among its residents should be considered by health policymakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, U.S.A
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chan YY, Teh CH, Lim KK, Lim KH, Yeo PS, Kee CC, Omar MA, Ahmad NA. Lifestyle, chronic diseases and self-rated health among Malaysian adults: results from the 2011 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). BMC Public Health 2015; 15:754. [PMID: 26246019 PMCID: PMC4527234 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-rated health (SRH) has been demonstrated as a valid and appropriate predictor of incident mortality and chronic morbidity. Associations between lifestyle, chronic diseases, and SRH have been reported by various population studies but few have included data from developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of poor SRH in Malaysia and its association with lifestyle factors and chronic diseases among Malaysian adults. METHODS This study was based on 18,184 adults aged 18 and above who participated in the 2011 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). The NHMS was a cross-sectional survey (two-stage stratified sample) designed to collect health information on a nationally representative sample of the Malaysian adult population. Data were obtained via face-to-face interviews using validated questionnaires. Two categories were used to measure SRH: "good" (very good and good) and "poor" (moderate, not good and very bad). The association of lifestyle factors and chronic diseases with poor SRH was examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Approximately one-fifth of the Malaysian adult population (20.1 %) rated their health as poor (men: 18.4 % and women: 21.7 %). Prevalence increases with age from 16.2 % (aged 18-29) to 32.0 % (aged ≥60). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, lifestyle factors associated with poor SRH included: underweight (OR = 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.05-1.57), physical inactivity (OR = 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.11-1.39), former smoker (OR = 1.38; 95 % CI: 1.12-1.70), former drinker (OR = 1.27; 95 % CI: 1.01-1.62), and current drinker (OR = 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.08-1.68). Chronic diseases associated with poor SRH included: asthma (OR = 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.36-2.03), arthritis (OR = 1.87; 95 % CI: 1.52-2.29), hypertension (OR = 1.39; 95 % CI: 1.18-1.64), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.43; 95 % CI: 1.18-1.74), and heart disease (OR = 1.85; 95 % CI: 1.43-2.39). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that several unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and chronic diseases are significantly associated with poor SRH among Malaysian adults. Effective public health strategies are needed to promote healthy lifestyles, and disease prevention interventions should be enhanced at the community level to improve overall health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Chan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chien Huey Teh
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kuang Kuay Lim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Pei Sien Yeo
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hooper CM, Ivory VC, Fougere G. Childhood neighbourhoods as third places: Developing durable skills and preferences that enhance wellbeing in adulthood. Health Place 2015; 34:34-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
Hussain RS, McGarvey ST, Fruzzetti LM. Partition and poliomyelitis: an investigation of the polio disparity affecting Muslims during India's eradication program. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115628. [PMID: 25742622 PMCID: PMC4350996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant disparities in the incidence of polio existed during its eradication campaign in India. In 2006, Muslims, who comprise 16% of the population in affected states, comprised 70% of paralytic polio cases. This disparity was initially blamed on the Muslims and a rumor that the vaccination program was a plot to sterilize their children. Using the framework of structural violence, this paper describes how the socio-political and historical context of Muslim populations in India shaped the polio disparity. METHODS AND FINDINGS A qualitative study utilizing methods of rapid ethnography was conducted from May-August 2009 in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. Field methods included participant observation of vaccination teams, historical document research, and 107 interviews with both Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) stakeholders and families with vaccine-eligible children. Almost all respondents agreed that Aligarh was a highly segregated city, mostly due to riots after Partition and during the 1990s. Since the formation of segregated neighborhoods, most respondents described that "Muslim areas" had been underdeveloped compared to "Hindu areas," facilitating the physical transmission of poliovirus. Distrust of the government and resistance to vaccination were linked to this disparate development and fears of sterilization influenced by the "Family Planning Program" from 1976-1977. CONCLUSIONS Ethnic violence and social marginalization since the Partition and during the rise of Hindu nationalism led to distrust of the government, the formation of segregated slums, and has made Muslims victims of structural violence. This led to the creation of disease-spreading physical environments, lowered vaccine efficacy, and disproportionately higher levels of resistance to vaccination. The causes of the polio disparity found in this study elucidate the nature of possible other health disparities affecting minorities in India. LIMITATIONS This study is limited by the manual coding of the transcribed data, size, and some dialectal difficulties in translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid S. Hussain
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Stephen T. McGarvey
- Brown University Department of Epidemiology, International Health Institute, Providence, RI, United States of America
- Brown University Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Lina M. Fruzzetti
- Brown University Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Roy M, Généreux M, Laverdière E, Vanasse A. Surveillance of social and geographic inequalities in housing-related issues: the case of the Eastern Townships, Quebec (Canada). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:4825-44. [PMID: 24806192 PMCID: PMC4053890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110504825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Even though health inequalities are conditioned by many aspects of the environment, much of the existing research focuses on the social environment. This emphasis has the effect to neglect other environmental aspects such as its physical dimension. The physical environment, which is linked to housing conditions, may contribute to the uneven distribution of health. In this study, we examined 19 housing-related issues among a representative sample of 2,000 adults residing in a Quebec (Canada) health region characterized by a mix of rural, semi-rural, and urban areas. The distribution of these issues was examined according to socioeconomic and geographic indicators of social position. Summary measures of inequalities were assessed. Our results showed that the prevalence of nearly all housing-related issues was higher among low-income households compared to more affluent ones. Highly educated individuals showed better housing conditions, whereas different issues tended to cluster in deprived or densely populated areas. To conclude, we observed steep gradients between social class and poor housing conditions. This may explain a substantial part of health inequality on the regional scale. The surveillance of housing-related issues is therefore essential to properly inform and mobilize local stakeholders and to develop interventions that target vulnerable groups on this level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Roy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Mélissa Généreux
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Emélie Laverdière
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Alain Vanasse
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mundt A, Kliewe T, Yayla S, Ignatyev Y, Busch MA, Heimann H, Heinz A, Rapp MA, Schouler-Ocak M, Ströhle A, Aichberger MC. Social characteristics of psychological distress in disadvantaged areas of Berlin. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2014; 60:75-82. [PMID: 23117825 DOI: 10.1177/0020764012464017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Living in disadvantaged urban areas is associated with poor mental health. The purpose of this study was to assess which social characteristics were associated with psychological distress within a disadvantaged, multi-ethnic neighbourhood of Berlin. METHODS The study was conducted in an area of Berlin with the highest rates of unemployment and highest density of migrants. A total of 143 participants aged 18-57 years were included from a random sample. The social characteristics educational level, employment status, marital status, living alone, per-capita income and background of migration were collected. Psychological distress was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28; scores ≥ 5 indicated psychological distress corresponding to psychiatric caseness. RESULTS Psychological distress was found in 40.6% (n = 58) of the sample. Psychological distress was associated with younger age (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.98, p = .004), female gender (OR = 3.51, 95% CI = 1.55-7.92, p = .003) and living alone (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.58-9.52, p = .003), but not with background of migration, low educational level or with unemployment. CONCLUSIONS Young age and female gender may predispose for psychological distress in disadvantaged areas. Living alone could be a social indicator of poor mental health within disadvantaged urban areas. The directionality of the association is unclear. BACKGROUND of migration, low income and educational level do not seem to be associated with poor mental health within those areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Mundt
- 1Unit for Social & Community Psychiatry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Höfelmann DA, Diez-Roux AV, Antunes JLF, Peres MA. Perceived neighborhood problems: multilevel analysis to evaluate psychometric properties in a Southern adult Brazilian population. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1085. [PMID: 24256619 PMCID: PMC4225501 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical attributes of the places in which people live, as well as their perceptions of them, may be important health determinants. The perception of place in which people dwell may impact on individual health and may be a more telling indicator for individual health than objective neighborhood characteristics. This paper aims to evaluate psychometric and ecometric properties of a scale on the perceptions of neighborhood problems in adults from Florianopolis, Southern Brazil. Methods Individual, census tract level (per capita monthly familiar income) and neighborhood problems perception (physical and social disorders) variables were investigated. Multilevel models (items nested within persons, persons nested within neighborhoods) were run to assess ecometric properties of variables assessing neighborhood problems. Results The response rate was 85.3%, (1,720 adults). Participants were distributed in 63 census tracts. Two scales were identified using 16 items: Physical Problems and Social Disorder. The ecometric properties of the scales satisfactory: 0.24 to 0.28 for the intra-class correlation and 0.94 to 0.96 for reliability. Higher values on the scales of problems in the physical and social domains were associated with younger age, more length of time residing in the same neighborhood and lower census tract income level. Conclusions The findings support the usefulness of these scales to measure physical and social disorder problems in neighborhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Aurélio Peres
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tomey K, Diez Roux AV, Clarke P, Seeman T. Associations between neighborhood characteristics and self-rated health: a cross-sectional investigation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Health Place 2013; 24:267-74. [PMID: 24211514 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the effects of specific neighborhood features on self-reported health is important in understanding the global health impact of neighborhood context. We investigated associations of neighborhood poverty, sociability and walkability with self-rated physical and mental health in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In separate models, each neighborhood variable was associated with physical health but associations with sociability and walkability were stronger than those for poverty. Only walkability remained significant after adjusting for the other neighborhood variables. There was no evidence that self-rated mental health as assessed by the SF12 was associated with neighborhood poverty, walkability or sociability. This study provides information on how neighborhood context is associated with global health in diverse midlife and older persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Tomey
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lamarca GA, Leal MDC, Leao ATT, Sheiham A, Vettore MV. The different roles of neighbourhood and individual social capital on oral health-related quality of life during pregnancy and postpartum: a multilevel analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 42:139-50. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A. Lamarca
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública FIOCRUZ; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Maria do C. Leal
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública FIOCRUZ; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Anna T. T. Leao
- Faculdade de Odontologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Aubrey Sheiham
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Mario V. Vettore
- Unit of Dental Public Health; School of Clinical Dentistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Santos SM, Griep RH, Cardoso LO, Alves MGDM, Fonseca MDJMD, Giatti L, Chor D. Adaptacao transcultural e confiabilidade de medidas de caracteristicas autorreferidas de vizinhanca no ELSA-Brasil. Rev Saude Publica 2013; 47 Suppl 2:122-30. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047003871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Descrever o processo de adaptação de escalas de medida de características de vizinhança para o português brasileiro. MÉTODOS: As dimensões abordadas foram coesão social, ambiente propício para atividade física, disponibilidade de alimentos saudáveis, segurança em relação a crimes, violência percebida e vitimização. No processo de adaptação foram avaliados aspectos de equivalência entre as escalas originais e respectivas versões para o português. A confiabilidade teste-reteste foi avaliada em submostra de 261 participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) que responderam ao mesmo questionário em dois momentos distintos em um intervalo de tempo de sete a 14 dias entre as duas aplicações. RESULTADOS: Os aspectos de equivalência avaliados mostraram-se adequados. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse variou entre 0,83 (IC95% 0,78;0,87) para Coesão Social e 0,90 (IC95% 0,87;0,92) para Ambiente para Atividade Física. As escalas apresentaram consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach) que variaram entre 0,60 e 0,84. CONCLUSÕES: As medidas autorreferidas de características de vizinhança tiveram reprodutibilidade muito boa e boa consistência interna. Os resultados sugerem que essas escalas podem ser utilizadas em estudos com população brasileira que apresente características similares àquelas do ELSA-Brasil.
Collapse
|
40
|
Schutte S, Chastang JF, Parent-Thirion A, Vermeylen G, Niedhammer I. Association between socio-demographic, psychosocial, material and occupational factors and self-reported health among workers in Europe. J Public Health (Oxf) 2013; 36:194-204. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdt050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
41
|
Browne-Yung K, Ziersch A, Baum F. 'Faking til you make it': social capital accumulation of individuals on low incomes living in contrasting socio-economic neighbourhoods and its implications for health and wellbeing. Soc Sci Med 2013; 85:9-17. [PMID: 23540360 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
People on low-income living in low socio-economic neighbourhoods have poorer health in comparison with those living in advantaged neighbourhoods. To explore neighbourhood effects on health and social capital creation, the experiences of low-income people living in contrasting socio-economic neighbourhoods were compared, in order to examine how low-income status and differing levels of neighbourhood resources contributed to perceived health and wellbeing. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed: survey data from 601 individuals living in contrasting socio-economic areas and in-depth interviews with a new sample of 24 individuals on low-incomes. The study was guided by Bourdieu's theory of practice, which examines how social inequalities are created and reproduced through the relationship between individuals' varying resources of economic, social and cultural capital. This included an examination of individual life histories, cultural distinction and how social positions are reproduced. Participants' accounts of their early life experience showed how parental socio-economic position and socially patterned events taking place across the life course, created different opportunities for social network creation, choice of neighbourhood and levels of resources available throughout life, all of which can influence health and wellbeing. A definition of poverty by whether an individual or household has sufficient income at a particular point in time was an inadequate measure of disadvantage. This static measure of 'low income' as a category disguised a number of different ways in which disadvantage was experienced or, conversely, how life course events could mitigate the impact of low-income. This study found that the resources necessary to create social capital such as cultural capital and the ability to socially network, differed according to the socio-economic status of the neighbourhood, and that living in an advantaged area does not automatically guarantee access to potentially beneficial social networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Browne-Yung
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
The association of neighbourhood and individual social capital with consistent self-rated health: a longitudinal study in Brazilian pregnant and postpartum women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2013; 13:1. [PMID: 23324161 PMCID: PMC3556498 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social conditions, social relationships and neighbourhood environment, the components of social capital, are important determinants of health. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of neighbourhood and individual social capital with consistent self-rated health in women between the first trimester of pregnancy and six months postpartum. METHODS A multilevel cohort study in 34 neighbourhoods was performed on 685 Brazilian women recruited at antenatal units in two cities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Self-rated health (SRH) was assessed in the 1st trimester of pregnancy (baseline) and six months after childbirth (follow-up). The participants were divided into two groups: 1. Good SRH--good SRH at baseline and follow-up, and, 2. Poor SRH--poor SRH at baseline and follow-up. Exploratory variables collected at baseline included neighbourhood social capital (neighbourhood-level variable), individual social capital (social support and social networks), demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behaviours and self-reported diseases. A hierarchical binomial multilevel analysis was performed to test the association between neighbourhood and individual social capital and SRH, adjusted for covariates. RESULTS The Good SRH group reported higher scores of social support and social networks than the Poor SRH group. Although low neighbourhood social capital was associated with poor SRH in crude analysis, the association was not significant when individual socio-demographic variables were included in the model. In the final model, women reporting poor SRH both at baseline and follow-up had lower levels of social support (positive social interaction) [OR 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.90)] and a lower likelihood of friendship social networks [OR 0.61 (95% CI: 0.37-0.99)] than the Good SRH group. The characteristics that remained associated with poor SRH were low level of schooling, Black and Brown ethnicity, more children, urinary infection and water plumbing outside the house. CONCLUSIONS Low individual social capital during pregnancy, considered here as social support and social network, was independently associated with poor SRH in women whereas neighbourhood social capital did not affect women's SRH during pregnancy and the months thereafter. From pregnancy and up to six months postpartum, the effect of individual social capital explained better the consistency of SRH over time than neighbourhood social capital.
Collapse
|
43
|
Fone DL, Dunstan F, White J, Kelly M, Farewell D, John G, Lyons RA, Lloyd K. Cohort profile: the Caerphilly health and social needs electronic cohort study (E-CATALyST). Int J Epidemiol 2012; 42:1620-8. [PMID: 23132614 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Caerphilly Health and Social Needs study was established to inform and support collaborative multiagency working on reducing inequalities in health and to investigate neighbourhood influences on mental health. Initially, we collated a robust small-area multiagency dataset of contextual health determinants and outcomes from routine sources and sharing of data between the National Health Service and Caerphilly county borough council. These data were widely used in local joint planning to improve health and reduce health inequalities. Secondly, we carried out a baseline population questionnaire survey, collecting data from 10 892 (60.6%) respondents aged 18-74 years on a wide range of socio-economic, lifestyle, health and housing factors and perceptions of the local neighbourhood, including access to services, social cohesion and neighbourhood quality. We carried out wave 2 of the survey after 7 years with responses from 4558 (50.2%) participants to the same range of questions. We developed the study into an electronic cohort, linking all 17 979 sampled participants aged 18-74 years to mortality and hospital admission records with 10-year follow-up and full recording of migration both within and out of the borough. Readers with an interest in collaborative use of the data should contact Professor David Fone, Principal Investigator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Fone
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK, Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Public Health Interventions, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK, Institute for Translation, Innovation, Methodology and Engagement, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK, NHS Wales Informatics Service, Cardiff, UK and College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jalaludin B, Maxwell M, Saddik B, Lobb E, Byun R, Gutierrez R, Paszek J. A pre-and-post study of an urban renewal program in a socially disadvantaged neighbourhood in Sydney, Australia. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:521. [PMID: 22788536 PMCID: PMC3490782 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban renewal programs aim to target both the physical and social environments to improve the social capital, social connectedness, sense of community and economic conditions of residents of the neighbourhoods. We evaluated the impact of an urban renewal program on the health and well-being of residents of a socially disadvantaged community in south-western Sydney, Australia. METHODS Pre- and post-urban renewal program surveys were conducted with householders by trained interviewers. The urban renewal program was conducted over 16 months and consisted of internal upgrades (including internal painting; replacement of kitchens, bathrooms and carpets; general maintenance), external upgrades (including property painting; new fencing, carports, letterboxes, concrete driveways, drainage and landscaping), general external maintenance, and social interventions such as community engagement activities, employment initiatives, and building a community meeting place. The questionnaire asked about demographic characteristics, self-reported physical activity, psychological distress, self-rated health, and perceptions of aesthetics, safety and walkability in the neighbourhood. We used the paired chi-square test (McNemars test) to compare paired proportions. A Bonferroni corrected p-value of <0.0013 denoted statistical significance. RESULTS Following the urban renewal program we did not find statistically significant changes in perceptions of aesthetics, safety and walkability in the neighbourhood. However, post-urban renewal, more householders reported there were attractive buildings and homes in their neighbourhood (18% vs 64%), felt that they belonged to the neighbourhood (48% vs 70%), that their area had a reputation for being a safe place (8% vs 27%), that they felt safe walking down their street after dark (52% vs 85%), and that people who came to live in the neighbourhood would be more likely to stay rather than move elsewhere (13% vs 54%). Changes in psychological distress and self-rated health were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS We found an increase, in the short-term, in the proportion of householders reporting improvements in some aspects of their immediate neighbourhood following the urban renewal program. It will be important to repeat the survey in the future to determine whether these positive changes are sustained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jalaludin
- Centre for Research, Evidence Management and Surveillance, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bocquier A, Cortaredona S, Boutin C, David A, Bigot A, Chaix B, Gaudart J, Verger P. Small-area analysis of social inequalities in residential exposure to road traffic noise in Marseilles, France. Eur J Public Health 2012; 23:540-6. [PMID: 22645238 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cks059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have focused on the social inequalities associated with environmental noise despite its significant potential health effects. This study analysed the associations between area socio-economic status (SES) and potential residential exposure to road traffic noise at a small-area level in Marseilles, second largest city in France. METHODS We calculated two potential road noise exposure indicators (PNEI) at the census block level (for 24-h and night periods), with the noise propagation prediction model CadnaA. We built a deprivation index from census data to estimate SES at the census block level. Locally estimated scatterplot smoothing diagrams described the associations between this index and PNEIs. Since the extent to which coefficient values vary between standard regression models and spatial methods are sensitive to the specific spatial model, we analysed these associations further with various regression models controlling for spatial autocorrelation and conducted sensitivity analyses with different spatial weight matrices. RESULTS We observed a non-linear relation between the PNEIs and the deprivation index: exposure levels were highest in the intermediate categories. All the spatial models led to a better fit and more or less pronounced reductions of the regression coefficients; the shape of the relations nonetheless remained the same. CONCLUSION Finding the highest noise exposure in midlevel deprivation areas was unexpected, given the general literature on environmental inequalities. It highlights the need to study the diversity of the patterns of environmental inequalities across various economic, social and cultural contexts. Comparative studies of environmental inequalities are needed, between regions and countries, for noise and other pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bocquier
- ORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ellaway A, Benzeval M, Green M, Leyland A, Macintyre S. "Getting sicker quicker": does living in a more deprived neighbourhood mean your health deteriorates faster? Health Place 2012; 18:132-7. [PMID: 21873103 PMCID: PMC3391685 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Data from the longitudinal West of Scotland Twenty-07 STUDY: Health in the Community was used to examine whether, over a 20 year period, the self-reported health of people living in deprived areas became poorer faster compared to those living in more affluent areas. Three cohorts (born in the early 1930s, 1950s and 1970s) are included, covering 60 years of the life span. Using multilevel growth curve models, a 40% probability of reporting poor health was predicted among residents of more deprived areas at an earlier age (66) compared to those living in more affluent areas (83). Wider area differences were seen for men than for women. Our findings indicate that attempts to reduce area differences in health should start young but also continue throughout the lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ellaway
- MRC Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, 4 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Community resilience and health: The role of bonding, bridging, and linking aspects of social capital. Health Place 2012; 18:286-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
48
|
The relationship of different sources of social support and civic participation with self‐rated health. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH 2011. [DOI: 10.1108/17465721111175010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
49
|
Jalaludin BB, Garden FL. Does urban sprawl impact on self-rated health and psychological distress? A multilevel study from Sydney, Australia. ECOHEALTH 2011; 8:268-276. [PMID: 21879398 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-011-0699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mental health can be influenced by a number of neighbourhood physical and social environmental characteristics. We aimed to determine whether urban sprawl (based on population density) in Sydney, Australia, is associated with self-rated health and psychological distress. We used a cross-sectional multilevel study design. Individual level data on self-rated health and psychological distress were obtained from the 2006 and 2007 NSW Population Health Survey. We did not find significant associations between urban sprawl and self-rated health and psychological distress after controlling for individual and area level covariates. However, positive neighbourhood factors were generally associated with better self-rated health and lower psychological distress but few of these associations were statistically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin B Jalaludin
- Centre for Research, Evidence Management and Surveillance, Clinical Support Cluster (Western), LMB 7017, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hibino Y, Takaki J, Ogino K, Kambayashi Y, Hitomi Y, Shibata A, Nakamura H. The relationship between social capital and self-rated health in a Japanese population: a multilevel analysis. Environ Health Prev Med 2011; 17:44-52. [PMID: 21611888 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-011-0218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to use a multilevel analysis to examine whether cognitive and structural dimensions of regional social capital were associated with individual health outcomes after adjusting for compositional factors. METHODS Data from the Japanese General Social Surveys project, a nationwide study with a two-stage stratified random sampling method conducted in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, and 2006, were aggregated and used for the multilevel analysis (n = 11,702). We examined whether both cognitive and structural aspects of social capital (social trust, neighborhood safety, and social participation) were associated with the self-rated health (SRH) of residents from 118 regions after adjustment for compositional factors. RESULTS Social trust and existing neighborhood safety were negatively associated with poor SRH, whereas the effect of social participation was not significant. Social trust was still negatively associated with poor SRH after adjusting for individual demographic factors and socioeconomic status (p = 0.001). In contrast, neighborhood safety and social participation did not reach significance after adjusting for compositional factors. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, social trust was associated with health outcomes. Further study is needed to clarify the path linking regional trust in others to individual health outcomes in the Japanese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Hibino
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|