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Li S, Liu W, Li Y, Che X, Xiao P, Liu S, Ma Y, Ren D, Wu L, Wang Q, He Y. Extraction, purification, structural characterization and anti-hyperlipidemia activity of fucoidan from Laminaria digitata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135223. [PMID: 39241999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Laminaria digitata is a high-quality seaweed resource that is widely cultured and has good application prospects. In this study, Laminaria digitata fucoidan (LF) was extracted from Laminaria digitata, and purified using DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow gel column to obtain four different grades. Among those, LF4 (Mw:165 kDa), mainly composed of fucose(56.80 %), had the highest total sugar (66.91 %) and sulfate (17.07 %) content. FT-RT and NMR results showed that LF4 was mainly composed of galactosylated galactofucose, and has a sulfate group attached to fucose C4. With the animal experimentation, it was revealed that hyperlipidaemic mice had significantly higher levels of TC (5.52 mmol/L), TG (2.28 mmol/L) and LDL-C (5.12 mmol/L) and significantly lower levels of HDL-C (2 mmol/L). However, LF had the efficacy in modulating the lipid metabolism disturbances induced by hyperlipidemia, as well as the ability to regulate cholesterol transport in serum. Moreover, it regulated AMPK/ACC, PPAR-α/LAXRa, Nrf2/Nqo1, TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway genes and proteins expression in the liver. In addition, it promoted the production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) while improving the composition and structure of gut microbiota, including balancing the abundance of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Muribaculaceae, Alloprevotella, Escherichia-Shigella, Prevotella and NK4A136. The results clearly indicated that LF4 could significantly ameliorate hyperlipidemia, suggesting its prospective application as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangkun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yutong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinyi Che
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yichao Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dandan Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Long Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qiukuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yunhai He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Liu T, Wang X, Wang YM, Sui FR, Zhang XY, Liu HD, Ma DY, Liu XX, Guo SD. A comparative study of the hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action of Laminaria japonica- and Ascophyllum nodosum-derived fucoidans in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:5955-5971. [PMID: 38738998 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05521c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The structural characteristics of fucoidans exhibit species and regional diversity. Previous studies have demonstrated that Laminaria japonica- and Ascophyllum nodosum-derived fucoidans have type I and type II fucosyl chains, respectively. These chemical differences may contribute to distinct hypolipidemic effects and mechanisms of action. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the percentage contents of sulfate, glucuronic acid, and galactose were higher in L. japonica-derived fucoidans than those of A. nodosum-derived fucoidans. In hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, both A. nodosum- and L. japonica-derived fucoidans significantly decreased the plasma and hepatic levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, leading to the reduction of atherosclerotic plaques. Western blotting experiments demonstrated that these fucoidans significantly enhanced the expression and levels of scavenger receptor B type 1, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, contributing to circulating lipoprotein clearance and fatty acid degradation, respectively. Differentially, L. japonica-derived fucoidan significantly increased the LXR/ATP-binding cassette G8 signaling pathway in the small intestine, as revealed by real-time quantitative PCR, which may lead to further cholesterol and other lipid excretion. Collectively, these data are useful for understanding the hypolipidemic mechanisms of action of seaweed-derived fucoidans, and their potential application for the prevention and/or treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yan-Ming Wang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Feng-Rong Sui
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hai-Di Liu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Dong-Yue Ma
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Liu
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Shou-Dong Guo
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotongxi Street, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.
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Yin D, Zhong Y, Liu H, Hu J. Lipid metabolism regulation by dietary polysaccharides with different structural properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132253. [PMID: 38744359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in energy homeostasis maintenance in response to stress. Nowadays, hyperlipidemia-related chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and fatty liver pose significant health challenges. Dietary polysaccharides (DPs) have gained attention for their effective lipid-lowering properties. This review examines the multifaceted mechanisms that DPs employ to lower lipid levels in subjects with hyperlipidemia. DPs could directly inhibit lipid intake and absorption, promote lipid excretion, and regulate key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism pathways, including triglyceride and cholesterol anabolism and catabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and bile acid synthesis. Additionally, DPs indirectly improve lipid homeostasis by modulating gut microbiota composition and alleviating oxidative stress. Moreover, the lipid-lowering mechanisms of particular structural DPs (including β-glucan, pectin, glucomannan, inulin, arabinoxylan, and fucoidan) are summarized. The relationship between the structure and lipid-lowering activity of DPs is also discussed based on current researches. Finally, potential breakthroughs and future directions in the development of DPs in lipid-lowering activity are discussed. The paper could provide a reference for further exploring the mechanism of DPs for lipid regulations and utilizing DPs as lipid-lowering dietary ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Li Y, Huan Y, Qin W, Yu X, Chang Y, Xue C, Tang Q. Fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus ameliorates alcoholic liver disease by regulating gut-liver axis homeostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132093. [PMID: 38710247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Long-term and excessive alcohol consumption can lead to the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), characterized by oxidative damage, intestinal barrier injury, and disruption of intestinal microbiota. In this study, we extracted fucoidan (Aj-FUC) from Apostichopus japonicus using enzymatic methods and characterized its structure. The ALD model was established in male Balb/c mice using 56° Baijiu, with silymarin as a positive control. Mice were orally administered 100 mg/kg·bw and 300 mg/kg·bw of Aj-FUC for 28 days to evaluate its effects on liver injury in ALD mice and explore its potential role in modulating the gut-liver axis. The results showed significant improvements in histopathological changes and liver disease in the Aj-FUC group. Aj-FUC treatment significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) while weakly reduced the elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) induced by ALD. It also regulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, collectively alleviating hepatic oxidative stress. Aj-FUC intervention upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, thus contributing to repair the intestinal barrier. Additionally, Aj-FUC increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and regulated the imbalance in gut microbiota. These results suggested that Aj-FUC alleviates ALD by modulating the gut-liver axis homeostasis. It may prove to be a useful dietary supplement in the treatment of alcoholic liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yuchen Huan
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Wanting Qin
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang XY, Shi SR, Ma CN, Lin YP, Song WG, Guo SD. Natural products in atherosclerosis therapy by targeting PPARs: a review focusing on lipid metabolism and inflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1372055. [PMID: 38699583 PMCID: PMC11064802 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1372055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and dyslipidemia are critical inducing factors of atherosclerosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors and control the expression of multiple genes that are involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. However, synthesized PPAR agonists exhibit contrary therapeutic effects and various side effects in atherosclerosis therapy. Natural products are structural diversity and have a good safety. Recent studies find that natural herbs and compounds exhibit attractive therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis by alleviating hyperlipidemia and inflammation through modulation of PPARs. Importantly, the preparation of natural products generally causes significantly lower environmental pollution compared to that of synthesized chemical compounds. Therefore, it is interesting to discover novel PPAR modulator and develop alternative strategies for atherosclerosis therapy based on natural herbs and compounds. This article reviews recent findings, mainly from the year of 2020 to present, about the roles of natural herbs and compounds in regulation of PPARs and their therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis. This article provides alternative strategies and theoretical basis for atherosclerosis therapy using natural herbs and compounds by targeting PPARs, and offers valuable information for researchers that are interested in developing novel PPAR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shan-Rui Shi
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chao-Nan Ma
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yun-Peng Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Qixia Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Shandong Province, Yantai, China
| | - Wen-Gang Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shou-Dong Guo
- Institute of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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Song S, Wang Y, Wang H, Tian X, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Wei Q, Ji K. Fucoidan-induced reduction of lipid accumulation in foam cells through overexpression of lysosome genes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130451. [PMID: 38408582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the common basis for the onset of cardiovascular events. The lipid metabolism theory considers foam cell formation as an important marker for the initiation of AS. Fucoidan is an acidic polysaccharide that can reduce lipid accumulation in foam cells. Studies show that tea polysaccharides can be transported to lysosomes via the tubulin pathway. However, the specific mechanism of action of fucoidan on foam cells has not been extensively studied. Therefore, we further explored the mechanism of action of fucoidan and evaluated whether it could reduce lipid accumulation in foam cells by affecting the expression of lysosomal pathway-related genes and proteins. In this study, three inhibitors, CPZ, EIPA, and colchicine, were used to inhibit endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and the tubulin pathway, respectively, to study the pathways of action. Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis, as well as western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to determine the effects of fucoidan and the inhibitors on lysosomal genes and proteins. Fucoidan could enter foam cells through both endocytosis and via macropinocytosis, and then further undergo intracellular transport via the tubulin pathway. After fucoidan treatment, the expression of lysosomal pathway-related genes and proteins including LAMP2, AP3, AP4, MCOLN1, and TFEB in foam cells increased significantly (P < 0.01). However, the expression of lysosomal genes and proteins after colchicine intervention was comparable with that in the model group. Therefore, the tubulin pathway inhibited by colchicine is an important pathway for the transport and distribution of fucoidan within cells. In summary, fucoidan may be transported to lysosomes via the tubulin pathway and may enhance the expression of lysosomal genes, promoting autophagy, thereby accelerating lipid clearance in foam cells. Due to its significant lipid-lowering effect, it can be used in the clinical treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China; Weihai Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Hongming Wang
- Binzhou Inspection and Testing Center, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
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Ye J, Gong M, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Zhao J. Effects of Fermented Extracts of Wuniuzao Dark Loose Tea on Hepatic Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein Pathway and Gut Microbiota Disorder in Obese Mice. J Nutr 2024; 154:626-637. [PMID: 38110182 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificially fermented dark loose tea is a type of novel dark tea prepared via fermentation by Eurotium cristatum. The effects of artificially fermented dark loose tea on lipid metabolism are still unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore if artificially fermented dark loose tea has the same effects as naturally fermented dark loose tea in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. METHODS Thirty-six 8-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, including normal control (NC), high-fat diet (HFD), positive control (PC), Wuniuzao dark raw tea (WDT), Wuniuzao naturally fermented dark loose tea (NFLT), and Wuniuzao artificially fermented dark loose tea (AFLT) groups. The HFD, PC, WDT, NFLT, and AFLT groups were fed a HFD. The PC group was supplemented with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). The WDT group was supplemented with WDT (300 mg/kg), the NFLT group with NFLT (300 mg/kg), and the AFLT group with AFLT (300 mg/kg). RESULTS The study compared the effect of WDT, NFLT, and AFLT on liver steatosis and gut microbiota disorder in obese mice. All 3 tea extracts reduced body weight, glucose tolerance, and serum lipid concentrations. Via sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-mediated lipid metabolism, all 3 tea extracts alleviated hepatic steatosis in mice with obesity. Furthermore, NFLT and AFLT intervened in the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Clostridia, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. CONCLUSION In mice with obesity induced by a HFD, WDT, NFLT, and AFLT may improve hepatic steatosis through an SREBP-mediated lipid metabolism. Moreover, NFLT and AFLT improved the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangcheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingxiu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Xu Q, Ye J, Gong M, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Zhao J. Theabrownin from Wuniuzao Dark Tea Regulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:4912. [PMID: 38068770 PMCID: PMC10708223 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for functional foods with no side effects that can alleviate obesity has been a common trend. Wuniuzao dark tea could be a safe choice. This study aimed to explore whether theabrownin from Wuniuzao dark tea could regulate hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet. In total, fifty 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five treatment groups, including a normal control group, high-fat diet group, positive control group, low-dose theabrownin group, and high-dose theabrownin group. After a 9-week intervention, these mice were selected from each treatment group for sampling. The results showed that the body weight and epididymis fat weight of obese mice fed with theabrownin were decreased. Serum total triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also decreased. Protein and mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis and lipid production-related genes of mice fed with theabrownin were downregulated. The gut microbiota composition in the theabrownin group was improved. The study indicated that theabrownin from Wuniuzao dark tea could achieve the liver protection and anti-obesity effects by regulating the Srebp lipid metabolism pathway and bile acid metabolism process, and improving the gut microbiota composition of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.X.); (J.Y.); (M.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.)
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Puhari SSM, Yuvaraj S, Vasudevan V, Ramprasath T, Arunkumar K, Amutha C, Selvam GS. Fucoidan from Sargassum wightii reduces oxidative stress through upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in alloxan-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8855-8866. [PMID: 37665545 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a form of cardiac dysfunction caused by diabetes, increasing heart failure and death. Studies shown that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress significantly affects heart structure and functional changes during diabetic cardiomyopathy. Fucoidans are sulfated polysaccharide derived from naturally available seaweeds and reported for various biological functions such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory. However, the therapeutic potential of Indian seaweeds against DCM remains largely unexplored. Therefore, the current study aimed to work on the cardioprotective effect of extracted fucoidan from Sargassum wightii (SwF) in alloxan-induced DCM. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes (DM) was induced with alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg-1) dissolved in Nacl (0.9%) overnight-fasted rats. Group III, IV rats were DM induced, followed by treated with SwF (150 mg/kg-1) and (300 mg/kg-1). Group V and VI were non-diabetic rats and received SwF (150 mg/kg-1) and (300 mg/kg-1). SwF reduced classical progressive DM complications such as hyperglycemia, polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyurea in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biochemical analysis showed that SwF decreased blood glucose, cardiac markers enzymes, and lipid peroxidation levels compared to diabetic rats. SwF administration significantly increased Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, Catalase, and NQO1 gene expression. In addition, SwF-treated rats showed reduced heart tissue damage with increased Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression. CONCLUSION The current research concludes that targeting oxidative stress with SwF provided an effective role in the prevention of DCM. Thus, fucoidan could be used to develop functional food ingredients for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanavas Syed Mohamed Puhari
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Subramani Yuvaraj
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Varadaraj Vasudevan
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Tharmarajan Ramprasath
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kulanthaiyesu Arunkumar
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India
| | - Chinnaiah Amutha
- Department of Animal behaviour & Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
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10
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He Y, Li Y, Shen P, Li S, Zhang L, Wang Q, Ren D, Liu S, Zhang D, Zhou H. Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect of Fucoidan Fractions Prepared from Iceland Brown Algae Ascophyllum nodosum in an Hyperlipidemic Mice Model. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:468. [PMID: 37755081 PMCID: PMC10533094 DOI: 10.3390/md21090468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascophyllum nodosum, a brown algae abundantly found along the North Atlantic coast, is recognized for its high polysaccharide content. In this study, we investigated the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of fucoidans derived from A. nodosum, aiming to provide information for their potential application in anti-hyperlipidemic therapies and to explore comprehensive utilization of this Iceland brown seaweed. The crude fucoidan prepared from A. nodosum was separated using a diethylethanolamine column, resulting in two fucoidan fractions, AFC-1 and AFC-2. Both fractions were predominantly composed of fucose and xylose. AFC-1 exhibited a higher sulfate content of 27.8% compared to AFC-2 with 17.0%. AFC-2 was primarily sulfated at the hydroxy group of C2, whereas AFC-1 was sulfated at both the hydroxy groups of C2 and C4. To evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic effect, a hyperlipidemia mouse model was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet. The effects of AFC-1, AFC-2, and the crude extract were investigated, with the drug atorvastatin used as a positive comparison. Among the different fucoidan fractions and doses, the high dose of AFC-2 administration demonstrated the most significant anti-hyperlipidemic effect across various aspects, including physiological parameters, blood glucose levels, lipid profile, histological analysis, and the activities of oxidative stress-related enzymes and lipoprotein-metabolism-related enzymes (p < 0.05 for the final body weight and p < 0.01 for the rest indicators, compared with the model group), and its effect is comparable to the atorvastatin administration. Furthermore, fucoidan administration resulted in a lower degree of loss in gut flora diversity compared to atorvastatin administration. These findings highlight the significant biomedical potential of fucoidans derived from A. nodosum as a promising therapeutic solution for hypolipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhai He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yutong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peili Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Shangkun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Linsong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qiukuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dandan Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Demeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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Tang MT, Jiang H, Wan C, Wang XL, Zhou S, Zhou T. Hypolipidemic Activity and Mechanism of Action of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300264. [PMID: 37370194 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) is a kind of biologically active macromolecule with biological functions. In this study, oxidative stress and high-fat HepG2 cell models were established to investigate its lipid-lowering activity and mechanism of action. It was found that SFP and its two isolated fractions had antioxidant effects on the cells. It was also found the polysaccharides decreased the content of total cholesterol and total triglyceride in the high-fat cells. RT-qPCR assays revealed that the three polysaccharides down-regulated the mRNA expression level of ACC, PPARγ, and SREBP-2. It could be concluded that the hypolipidemic effect of SFPs is achieved via multiple pathways, including the regulation on the expression level of lipid metabolism-related key enzymes and factors, and binding with bile acids. The hypolipidemic effect of SFPs could be partially due to their antioxidant activity. SFPs developed in the present work have potential as ingredients of functional foods with hypolipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Tang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- Faculty of Food Science, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, 888 East of Yinxian Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
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12
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Zahariev N, Katsarov P, Lukova P, Pilicheva B. Novel Fucoidan Pharmaceutical Formulations and Their Potential Application in Oncology-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3242. [PMID: 37571136 PMCID: PMC10421178 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan belongs to the family of marine sulfated, L-fucose-rich polysaccharides found in the cell wall matrix of various brown algae species. In the last few years, sulfated polysaccharides have attracted the attention of researchers due to their broad biological activities such as anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, anticancer and antiproliferative effects. Recently the application of fucoidan in the field of pharmaceutical technology has been widely investigated. Due to its low toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability, fucoidan plays an important role as a drug carrier for the formulation of various drug delivery systems, especially as a biopolymer with anticancer activity, used for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics in oncology. Furthermore, the presence of sulfate residues with negative charge in its structure enables fucoidan to form ionic complexes with oppositely charged molecules, providing relatively easy structure-forming properties in combination with other polymers. The aim of the present study was to overview essential fucoidan characteristics, related to its application in the development of pharmaceutical formulations as a single drug carrier or in combinations with other polymers. Special focus was placed on micro- and nanosized drug delivery systems with polysaccharides and their application in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Zahariev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (N.Z.); (B.P.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Katsarov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (N.Z.); (B.P.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Paolina Lukova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Bissera Pilicheva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (N.Z.); (B.P.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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13
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Song Y, Li S, Gong H, Yip RCS, Chen H. Biopharmaceutical applications of microbial polysaccharides as materials: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124259. [PMID: 37003381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological characteristics of natural polymers make microbial polysaccharides an excellent choice for biopharmaceuticals. Due to its easy purifying procedure and high production efficiency, it is capable of resolving the existing application issues associated with some plant and animal polysaccharides. Furthermore, microbial polysaccharides are recognized as prospective substitutes for these polysaccharides based on the search for eco-friendly chemicals. In this review, the microstructure and properties of microbial polysaccharides are utilized to highlight their characteristics and potential medical applications. From the standpoint of pathogenic processes, in-depth explanations are provided on the effects of microbial polysaccharides as active ingredients in the treatment of human diseases, anti-aging, and drug delivery. In addition, the scholarly developments and commercial applications of microbial polysaccharides as medical raw materials are also discussed. The conclusion is that understanding the use of microbial polysaccharides in biopharmaceuticals is essential for the future development of pharmacology and therapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Shuxin Li
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hao Gong
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China.
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14
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Moreira ASP, Gaspar D, Ferreira SS, Correia A, Vilanova M, Perrineau MM, Kerrison PD, Gachon CMM, Domingues MR, Coimbra MA, Coreta-Gomes FM, Nunes C. Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:183. [PMID: 36976232 PMCID: PMC10054259 DOI: 10.3390/md21030183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown macroalgae are an important source of polysaccharides, mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides (FCSPs), associated with several biological activities. However, the structural diversity and structure-function relationships for their bioactivities are still undisclosed. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the chemical structure of water-soluble Saccharina latissima polysaccharides and evaluate their immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic activities, helping to pinpoint a structure-activity relationship. Alginate, laminarans (F1, neutral glucose-rich polysaccharides), and two fractions (F2 and F3) of FCSPs (negatively charged) were studied. Whereas F2 is rich in uronic acids (45 mol%) and fucose (29 mol%), F3 is rich in fucose (59 mol%) and galactose (21 mol%). These two fractions of FCSPs showed immunostimulatory activity on B lymphocytes, which could be associated with the presence of sulphate groups. Only F2 exhibited a significant effect in reductions in in vitro cholesterol's bioaccessibility attributed to the sequestration of bile salts. Therefore, S. latissima FCSPs were shown to have potential as immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic functional ingredients, where their content in uronic acids and sulphation seem to be relevant for the bioactive and healthy properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. P. Moreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Gaspar
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia S. Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Correia
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Philip D. Kerrison
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK
- Hortimare BV, Altonstraat 25A, 1704 CC Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands
| | - Claire M. M. Gachon
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban PA37 1QA, UK
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes (UMR 7245), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel A. Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Filipe M. Coreta-Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE—Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CQC-IMS—Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Wu Y, Jin X, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wu M, Tong H. Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae Alleviate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Extensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1771-1787. [PMID: 36689477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. The increasing NAFLD incidences are associated with unhealthy lifestyles. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options for NAFLD. Thus, there is a need to develop safe, efficient, and economic treatment options for NAFLD. Brown algae, which are edible, contain abundant bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides and phlorotannins. They have been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance, as well as hepatic steatosis, and all of these biological functions can potentially alleviate NAFLD. Accumulating reports have shown that increasing dietary consumption of brown algae reduces the risk for NAFLD development. In this review, we summarized the animal experiments and clinical proof of brown algae and their bioactive compounds for NAFLD treatment within the past decade. Our findings show possible avenues for further research into the pathophysiology of NAFLD and brown algae therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaosheng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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16
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Bio-responsive composite liposomes against Campylobacter jejuni in vitro and its application in chicken preservation. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Xiang X, Jiang Q, Yang H, Zhou X, Chen Y, Chen H, Liu S, Chen L. A review on shellfish polysaccharides: Extraction, characterization and amelioration of metabolic syndrome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:974860. [PMID: 36176638 PMCID: PMC9513460 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.974860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shellfish are diverse, widely distributed organisms that are a rich source of biological resources. Polysaccharides are an important components in shellfish, hence a great deal of attention has been directed at isolation and characterization of shellfish polysaccharides because of their numerous health benefits. Differences in shellfish species, habits, and environment result in the diversity of the structure and composition of polysaccharides. Thus, shellfish polysaccharides possess special biological activities. Studies have shown that shellfish polysaccharides exert biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immune-regulation, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and antihyperglycemic effects, and are widely used in cosmetics, health products, and medicine. This review spotlights the extraction and purification methods of shellfish polysaccharides and analyses their structures, biological activities and conformational relationships; discusses the regulatory mechanism of shellfish polysaccharides on hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia caused by lipid metabolism disorders; and summarizes its alleviation of lipid metabolism-related diseases. This review provides a reference for the in-depth development and utilization of shellfish polysaccharides as a functional food to regulate lipid metabolism-related diseases. To achieve high value utilization of marine shellfish resources while actively promoting the development of marine biological industry and health industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongshun Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shulai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shulai Liu,
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Lin Chen,
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18
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Fang F, Xiao C, Wan C, Li Y, Lu X, Lin Y, Gao J. Two Laminaria japonica polysaccharides with distinct structure characterization affect gut microbiota and metabolites in hyperlipidemic mice differently. Food Res Int 2022; 159:111615. [PMID: 35940764 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study found dietary mannogluconic acid (MA) and fucogalactan sulfate (FS) from Laminaria japonica have distinct structure characterization and potential hypolipidemic effects in vitro. Herein, we compared the benefits of MA and FS on hyperlipidemia. The result showed only FS treatment decreased body weight and serum cholesterol levels. Compared with MA, FS was more effective in mitigating hepatic fat accumulation, promoting GSH-Px activity, reducing the MDA formation, and lowering the level of TNF-α in liver. Gut microbiota and metabolism analysis revealed that FS increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and boosted the level of short chain fatty acids. Particularly, taurine and 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-24-oxo-5-β-cholestanoyl CoA were upregulated by FS, which might attribute to the increased Oscillibacter and thus affect the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and serum TC level. Therefore, FS with more branches and sulfate ester groups could be a good lipid-lowering dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chuqiao Xiao
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521031, China
| | - Chu Wan
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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19
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Méndez-Del Villar M, Pérez-Rubio KG, Hernández-Corona DM, Cortez-Navarrete M. Therapeutic Effect of Fucoidan on Metabolic Diseases: Experimental Data and Clinical Evidence. J Med Food 2022; 25:1011-1020. [PMID: 35984868 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases represents a major challenge to public health worldwide. Therefore, there is a strong need to conduct research on the effectiveness of complementary and alternative therapies for metabolic disorders. Fucoidan is a fucose-enriched and sulfated polysaccharide extracted from ubiquitous brown seaweed. The antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and hypolipidemic effects of fucoidan have been reported in preclinical research and clinical trials. This study aims to review the mechanisms of action and the experimental and clinical use of different types of fucoidan for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Méndez-Del Villar
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Biomedical Sciences Department, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Tonala, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina G Pérez-Rubio
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Diana M Hernández-Corona
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Biomedical Sciences Department, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Tonala, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marisol Cortez-Navarrete
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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20
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Lin P, Chen S, Zhong S. Nutritional and Chemical Composition of Sargassum zhangii and the Physical and Chemical Characterization, Binding Bile Acid, and Cholesterol-Lowering Activity in HepG2 Cells of Its Fucoidans. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121771. [PMID: 35741969 PMCID: PMC9223202 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a marine sulfated polysaccharide that is rich in Sargassum and has a wide range of biological activities. In this study, the chemical composition and bile acid binding ability of six crude fucoidans were compared, the nutrition and chemical composition of Sargassum zhangii were analyzed, and fucoidan from Sargassum zhangii was extracted and purified. The purified fractions (ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3) were analyzed by physicochemical characterization, and the ability of binding bile acid and cholesterol lowering in HepG2 cells were evaluated. The results showed that the contents of sulfate in crude fucoidan from Sargassum Zhangii (ZF) was as high as13.63%. Its ability of binding bile acid was better than other five crude fucoidans. Sargassum zhangii was a kind of brown seaweed with high carbohydrate, and low fat and rich in minerals. The sulfate content of ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3 was 3.29%, 19.39%, and 18.89% respectively, and the molecular weight (Mw) was 4.026 × 105, 2.893 × 105, and 3.368 × 105, respectively. Three fucoidans all contained the characteristic absorption bands of polysaccharides and sulfate groups and were rich in fucose. Three fucoidans can bind to bile acid, and ZF2 showed the best binding capability. In vitro experiments showed that ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3 could reduce intracellular total cholesterol (TC) content in HepG2 cells without affecting their viability. ZF2 showed the best ability to reduce TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peichun Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
| | - Suhua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-759-239-6026
| | - Siyan Zhong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
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21
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Shiau JP, Chuang YT, Cheng YB, Tang JY, Hou MF, Yen CY, Chang HW. Impacts of Oxidative Stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR on Metabolism and the Future Direction of Investigating Fucoidan-Modulated Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:911. [PMID: 35624775 PMCID: PMC9137824 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical factors for regulating cancer metabolism are oxidative stress and phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT serine-threonine kinase/mechanistic target of the rapamycin kinase (PI3K/AKT/mTOR). However, the metabolic impacts of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR on individual mechanisms such as glycolysis (Warburg effect), pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), fatty acid synthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, glutaminolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are complicated. Therefore, this review summarizes the individual and interacting functions of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR on metabolism. Moreover, natural products providing oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR modulating effects have anticancer potential. Using the example of brown algae-derived fucoidan, the roles of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR were summarized, although their potential functions within diverse metabolisms were rarely investigated. We propose a potential application that fucoidan may regulate oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling to modulate their associated metabolic regulations. This review sheds light on understanding the impacts of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR on metabolism and the future direction of metabolism-based cancer therapy of fucoidan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Shiau
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan;
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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22
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Usoltseva RV, Shevchenko NM, Silchenko AS, Anastyuk SD, Zvyagintsev NV, Ermakova SP. Determination of the structure and in vitro anticancer activity of fucan from Saccharina dentigera and its derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:614-620. [PMID: 35219778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fucoidan SdeF was isolated from brown alga Saccharina dentigera. The structure of the obtained polysaccharide was studied by chemical methods, NMR spectroscopy of the fully and partially desulfated derivatives, and mass spectrometry of the fucoidan fragments, labeled with 18O. The SdeF was shown to be sulfated (40%) 1,3-linked α-L-fucan, with branches at C2. The sulfate groups were found at positions C2 and C4. Derivatives SdeFDS and SdeFPL were obtained by solvolytic desulfation and autohydrolysis of SdeF, respectively. According to 13C NMR data, SdeFDS is 1,3-linked α-L-fucan, while SdeFPL is 4-sulfated 1,3-linked α-L-fucan. Native fucoidan SdeF was shown to be a non-toxic anticancer substance in the model of human malignant melanoma RPMI-7951, colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-116, and small intestine adenocarcinoma HuTu 80 cells. The partial desulfation of SdeF at C2 and/or the reduction of its Mw, from 229 to 28 kDa, decreased the anticancer activity; complete removal of the sulfated groups and/or Mw reduction to 4.7 kDa further reduced the effect of this polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza V Usoltseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation..
| | - Natalia M Shevchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav D Anastyuk
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai V Zvyagintsev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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23
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Wang K, Xu X, Wei Q, Yang Q, Zhao J, Wang Y, Li X, Ji K, Song S. Application of fucoidan as treatment for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221076891. [PMID: 35432845 PMCID: PMC9008857 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221076891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a marine polysaccharide. In recent years, fucoidan has attracted wide-scale attention from the pharmaceutical industries due to its diverse biological activities such as lipid-lowering, anti-atherosclerosis, and anticoagulation. This review clarifies the pharmacological effects of fucoidan in the treatment of human cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Fucoidan exerts a hypolipidemic effect by increasing the reverse transport of cholesterol, inhibiting lipid synthesis, reducing lipid accumulation, and increasing lipid metabolism. Inflammation, anti-oxidation, and so on have a regulatory effect in the process of atherosclerosis endothelial cells, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and so on; fucoidan can not only prevent thrombosis through anticoagulation and regulate platelet activation, but also promote the dissolution of formed thrombi. Fucoidan has a neuroprotective effect, and also has a positive effect on the prognosis of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular. The prospects of applying fucoidan in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are reviewed to provide some theoretical bases and inspirations for its full-scale development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
ChinaHeping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi,
China
| | - Xueli Xu
- Binzhou Inspection and Testing Center, Binzhou,
China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
China
| | - Jiarui Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
China
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai,
China
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan
Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai
264209, China
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24
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Seaweed Exhibits Therapeutic Properties against Chronic Diseases: An Overview. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds or marine macroalgae are known for producing potentially bioactive substances that exhibit a wide range of nutritional, therapeutic, and nutraceutical properties. These compounds can be applied to treat chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Several studies have shown that consumption of seaweeds in Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea, has been correlated with a lower incidence of chronic diseases. In this study, we conducted a review of published papers on seaweed consumption and chronic diseases. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method for this study. We identified and screened research articles published between 2000 and 2021. We used PubMed and ScienceDirect databases and identified 107 articles. This systematic review discusses the potential use of bioactive compounds of seaweed to treat chronic diseases and identifies gaps where further research in this field is needed. In this review, the therapeutic and nutraceutical properties of seaweed for the treatment of chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer, liver disease, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and arthritis were discussed. We concluded that further study on the identification of bioactive compounds of seaweed, and further study at a clinical level, are needed.
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25
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Chen X, Ni L, Fu X, Wang L, Duan D, Huang L, Xu J, Gao X. Molecular Mechanism of Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Novel Sulfated Galactofucan from Saccharina japonica. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080430. [PMID: 34436269 PMCID: PMC8398701 DOI: 10.3390/md19080430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweed of Saccharina japonica is the most abundantly cultured brown seaweed in the world, and has been consumed in the food industry due to its nutrition and the unique properties of its polysaccharides. In this study, fucoidan (LJNF3), purified from S. japonica, was found to be a novel sulfated galactofucan, with the monosaccharide of only fucose and galactose in a ratio of 79.22:20.78, and with an 11.36% content of sulfate groups. NMR spectroscopy showed that LJNF3 consists of (1→3)-α-l-fucopyranosyl-4-SO3 residues and (1→6)-β-d-galactopyranose units. The molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect in RAW264.7 demonstrated that LJNF3 reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), and down-regulated the expression of MAPK (including p38, ENK and JNK) and NF-κB (including p65 and IKKα/IKKβ) signaling pathways. In a zebrafish experiment assay, LJNF3 showed a significantly protective effect, by reducing the cell death rate, inhibiting NO to 59.43%, and decreasing about 40% of reactive oxygen species. This study indicated that LJNF3, which only consisted of fucose and galactose, had the potential to be developed in the biomedical, food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Chen
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Liying Ni
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-8203-2182; Fax: +86-532-8203-2389
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Delin Duan
- State Key Lab of Seaweed Bioactive Substances, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., 1th Daxueyuan Road, Qingdao 266400, China;
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7th Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Luqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bio-Resources Sustainable Utilization of Fujian Province, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
| | - Jiachao Xu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5th Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.C.); (L.N.); (L.W.); (J.X.); (X.G.)
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26
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Yu J, Li Q, Wu J, Yang X, Yang S, Zhu W, Liu Y, Tang W, Nie S, Hassouna A, White WL, Zhao Y, Lu J. Fucoidan Extracted From Sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida Grown in Weihai, China - Chemical Composition and Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Different Molecular Weight Fractions. Front Nutr 2021; 8:636930. [PMID: 34124117 PMCID: PMC8193228 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.636930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a multifunctional marine carbohydrate polymer that differs in its chemical composition and bioactivity both between seaweed species and within species from different locations across the globe. In this study, fucoidan was extracted from the sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida grown in Weihai, Shandong Province, China. Fucoidan fractions with molecular weight cutoffs (MWCO) of >300 kDa and <10 kDa were obtained via dialysis. The fucoidan standard from Sigma (Fstd, ≥95, CAS: 9072-19-9), fucoidan crude extract (WH), >300 kDa fraction (300k) and <10 kDa fraction (10k) were compared in terms of chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, Fstd, WH, and 300k all showed strong bands around 830 cm−1, corresponding to the sulfate substituent in the molecule. The results showed that compared with WH and 300 k, the degree of sulfation at 10k was the lowest. From Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) result, the four fucoidan samples all contain α-L-fucose. The primary antioxidant ability of the 10k is significantly higher than that of the 300k, WH, and Fstd, but the secondary antioxidant capabilities of the 10k and 300k were similar, and both were higher than that of the butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The ferric reducing antioxidant ability was higher in the 300k and WH fractions. This demonstrates that fucoidan extracted from U. pinnatifida grown in Weihai, China should be a useful nutraceutical resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Amira Hassouna
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - William Lindsey White
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland, New Zealand.,College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
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27
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Zhao J, Hu B, Xiao H, Yang Q, Cao Q, Li X, Zhang Q, Ji A, Song S. Fucoidan reduces lipid accumulation by promoting foam cell autophagy via TFEB. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 268:118247. [PMID: 34127226 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease became one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As a sulfated polysaccharide with anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activities, fucoidan can induce autophagy. We show here that fucoidan reduces lipid accumulation in foam cells, which is one of the causes of atherosclerosis. Further studies show that fucoidan promotes autophagy showed by the expression of p62/SQSTM1 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) II, which can be blocked by autophagy inhibitors 3-MA and bafilomycin A1. In addition, the expression of transcription factor EB (TFEB), master regulator of autophagy and lysosome function, is upregulated after the treatment with fucoidan. Moreover, the knockout of TFEB with small interfering RNA suppressed the effect of fucoidan. Together, fucoidan reduces lipid accumulation in foam cells by enhancing autophagy through the upregulation of TFEB. In view of the role of foam cells in atherosclerosis, fucoidan can be valuable for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Qiong Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Qi Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
| | - Aiguo Ji
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
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28
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Current developments in the oral drug delivery of fucoidan. Int J Pharm 2021; 598:120371. [PMID: 33581274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is well known to have various biological functions and is often investigated for pharmaceutical applications. Several studies have been conducted on clinical applications of fucoidan in recent years, especially regarding its oral drug delivery. Although fucoidan has shown promising results in various dosage forms, its potential applications as a dietary supplement have been demonstrated, and recent studies show that oral administration of fucoidan is preferred. However, the focus on the oral delivery of fucoidan in recent studies has caused its potency in therapy to be understudied. This review aims to provide results on the promising fucoidan activity by oral administration with in vivo studies. In addition to using it as an active ingredient, the utilization of fucoidan as an excipient in oral drug delivery systems will be discussed. An overview of fucoidan administration by oral delivery in recent promising studies will provide a direction for further investigations in clinical applications, particularly for fucoidan, which has a broad spectrum of bioactive properties.
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29
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Zhang T, Wu S, Ai C, Wen C, Liu Z, Wang L, Jiang L, Shen P, Zhang G, Song S. Galactofucan from Laminaria japonica is not degraded by the human digestive system but inhibits pancreatic lipase and modifies the intestinal microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 166:611-620. [PMID: 33130265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of galactofucan from Laminaria japonica on the digestion and intestinal microbiota of human were investigated in the present study. Crude fraction of the sulfated polysaccharide from L. japonica (CF) and its molecular-weight homogeneous fraction (CGF-3) were prepared and characterized. In the simulated digestion model for the human saliva and gastrointestinal tract, no obvious changes in the molecular weight or the reducing sugar content of CGF-3 were observed, indicating CGF-3 is resistant to the human digestive system. Then CGF-3 did not affect the α-amylase activity while it dose-dependently inhibited the activity of pancreatic lipase partly depending on its sulfate groups. In the in vitro fermentation with the human fecal microbiota, CF did not change the total carbohydrate, reducing sugar and short chain fatty acids contents, which indicated CF was not utilized by the microbiota. However, the microbiota composition was modulated greatly by CF intervention. These findings shed a light on the better understanding of the impacts of dietary galactofucan on the digestion and intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Sufeng Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chengrong Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Long Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Peili Shen
- Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, China, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, 266400, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, China, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, 266400, China
| | - Shuang Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian 116034, China.
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Dörschmann P, Klettner A. Fucoidans as Potential Therapeutics for Age-Related Macular Degeneration-Current Evidence from In Vitro Research. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9272. [PMID: 33291752 PMCID: PMC7729934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the major reason for blindness in the industrialized world with limited treatment options. Important pathogenic pathways in AMD include oxidative stress and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. Due to their bioactivities, fucoidans have recently been suggested as potential therapeutics. This review gives an overview of the recent developments in this field. Recent studies have characterized several fucoidans from different species, with different molecular characteristics and different extraction methods, in regard to their ability to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit VEGF in AMD-relevant in vitro systems. As shown in these studies, fucoidans exhibit a species dependency in their bioactivity. Additionally, molecular properties such as molecular weight and fucose content are important issues. Fucoidans from Saccharina latissima and Laminaria hyperborea were identified as the most promising candidates for further development. Further research is warranted to establish fucoidans as potential therapeutics for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexa Klettner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Kiel, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
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Li J, Guo C, Wu J. Fucoidan: Biological Activity in Liver Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1617-1632. [PMID: 33148007 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a type of polysaccharide rich in sulfuric acid groups and is mainly found in brown algae. Due to its extensive biological activities, such as anticoagulant, antitumor, antithrombotic, antiviral, anti-oxidant and enhancing immune function, fucoidan has gradually become a research hotspot. Under the scientific guidance of modern medical theory, fucoidan and its mechanism in oxidative stress, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, tumor proliferation, and metastasis have become a new research direction and an important basis as an effective liver protection drug. In this paper, we discuss the important role of fucoidan in viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver and liver injury induced by drugs and ischemia and briefly discuss its underlying mechanism. We supplement the theoretical basis for its clinical application and provide effective targets for the development of follow-up dominant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, P. R. China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, P. R. China
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Ye J, Chen D, Ye Z, Huang Y, Zhang N, Lui EMK, Xue C, Xiao M. Fucoidan Isolated from Saccharina japonica Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation in Macrophages via Blocking NF-κB, MAPK and JAK-STAT Pathways. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E328. [PMID: 32599714 PMCID: PMC7345355 DOI: 10.3390/md18060328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan has been reported to have a variety of biological activities. However, different algae species, extraction methods, harvesting seasons, and growth regions lead to the structural variation of fucoidan, which would affect the bioactivities of fucoidan. To date, the anti-inflammatory properties and the underlying mechanism of fucoidan from brown alga Saccharina japonica (S. japonica) remain limited. The aims of the present study were to investigate the structure, the anti-inflammatory properties, and the potential molecular mechanisms of fucoidan isolated from S. japonica (SF6) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. SF6 was characterized using high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and observed to be rich in fucose, galactose, and sulfate. Additionally, results showed that SF6 remarkably inhibited LPS-induced production of various inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammation cytokines, including nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-β (IL-β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). A mechanism study showed that SF6 could effectively inhibit inflammatory responses through blocking LPS-induced inflammation pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Janus kinase (JAK)-2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1/3 pathways. These results suggested that SF6 has the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory agent applied in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
- Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Donghui Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Zhicheng Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Yayan Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
- Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Edmund M. K. Lui
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Meitian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (D.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (N.Z.); (M.X.)
- Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
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Korolenko TA, Bgatova NP, Ovsyukova MV, Shintyapina A, Vetvicka V. Hypolipidemic Effects of β-Glucans, Mannans, and Fucoidans: Mechanism of Action and Their Prospects for Clinical Application. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081819. [PMID: 32316136 PMCID: PMC7221696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for lipid-lowering drugs is important for clinical medicine. This review summarizes our research findings regarding the hypolipidemic activity of polysaccharides. There are several validated agents altering lipid levels which reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Nonetheless, for many people, the risk of such an event remains unacceptably high despite treatment with these agents. This situation has prompted the search for new therapies to reduce the residual cardiovascular risk. The lipid-lowering effect of β-glucans consumed with food was demonstrated in patients with atherosclerosis. The mechanism of the protective effect of β-glucans is poorly studied. The effects of β-glucans are mediated by Toll-like receptors, by dectin-1, and possibly by other receptors. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the protective action of β-glucan in lipemic mice has been studied insufficiently. This review will present up-to-date information regarding experimental hypolipidemic polysaccharide compounds that hold promise for medicine. Phagocyte-specific chitotriosidase in humans contributes to innate immune responses against chitin-containing fungi. This enzyme has been first described in patients with Gaucher disease and serves as an important diagnostic biomarker. It has been reported that, in mice, chitin particles of certain size are recognized by macrophages through Toll-like receptors, dectin-1, and to a lesser extent through mannose receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Korolenko
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Behavior and Neurotechnologies, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakov St. 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; (T.A.K.); (M.V.O.)
| | - Nataliya P. Bgatova
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Research, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia;
| | - Marina V. Ovsyukova
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Behavior and Neurotechnologies, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Timakov St. 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; (T.A.K.); (M.V.O.)
| | - Alexandra Shintyapina
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center, Timakov St. 2, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia;
| | - Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Correspondence:
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