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Duan R, Lyu D, Qin S, Liang J, Gu W, Duan Q, Wu W, Tang D, Han H, Zheng X, Xi J, Bukai A, Lu X, Zhang P, Zhang D, Xiao M, Jing H, Wang X. Pasteurella multocida strains of a novel capsular serotype and lethal to Marmota himalayana on Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 314:151597. [PMID: 38217947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic pathogen causing serious diseases in humans and animals. Here, we report P. multocida from wildlife on China's Qinghai-Tibet plateau with a novel capsular serotype, forming a single branch on the core-genome phylogenetic tree: four strains isolated from dead Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) and one genome assembled from metagenomic sequencing of a dead Woolly hare (Lepus oiostolus). Four of the strains were identified as subspecies multocida and one was septica. The mouse model showed that the challenge strain killed mice within 24 h at an infectious dose of less than 300 bacteria. The short disease course is comparable to septicemic plague: the host has died before more severe pathological changes could take place. Though pathological changes were relatively mild, cytokine storm was obvious with a significant rise of IL-12p70, IL-6, TNF-αand IL-10 (P < 0.05). Our findings suggested P. multocida is a lethal pathogen for wildlife on Qinghai-Tibet plateau, in addition to Yersinia pestis. Individuals residing within the M. himalayana plague focus are at risk for P. multocida infection, and public health warnings are necessitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyue Lyu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Qin
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Junrong Liang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpeng Gu
- Yunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qun Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Deming Tang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haonan Han
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Zheng
- Akesai Kazakh Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jinxiao Xi
- Institute for Plague Prevention and Control, Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Asaiti Bukai
- Akesai Kazakh Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinmin Lu
- Akesai Kazakh Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, Gansu Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Huang S, Li Y, Hong C, Jin Y, Li S, Xu X, Xia Y, Zhang L, Lou Y, Guan W. Whole-genome sequencing-based analysis of antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and genetic diversity in Yersinia isolated in Wenzhou, China 2020. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 188:107903. [PMID: 37574177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Yersinia spp. vary significantly in their ability to cause diseases that threaten public health. Their pathogenicity is frequently associated with increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and various virulence factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the AMR genes, virulence factors, and genetic diversity of Yersinia strains isolated from meats and fish in Wenzhou in 2020 by using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 50 isolates were collected. The phylogenetic relationships among the Yersinia species were also analyzed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. According to the results, all the strains could be classified into five species, with most isolated from beef, followed by poultry, pork, and fish. AMR genes were identified in 23 strains. And the qnrD1 genes were all located in the Col3M plasmid. Virulence genes, such as yaxA, ystB, pla, and yplA, were also found in the 15 Y. enterocolitica strains. And this study also found the presence of icm/dot type IVB-related genes in one Yersinia massiliensis isolate. MLST analysis identified 43 sequence types (STs), 19 of which were newly detected in Yersinia. Moreover, cgMLST analysis revealed that no dense genotype clusters were formed (cgMLST 5341, 5344, 5346-5350, 5353-5390). Instead, the strains appeared to be dispersed over large distances, except when multiple isolates shared the same ST. Isolates Y4 and Y26 were closely related to strains originating from South Korea and Denmark. This study showed considerable diversity in Yersinia spp. isolated from local areas (Wenzhou City). The data generated in our study may enrich the molecular traceability database of Yersinia and provide a basis for the development of more effective antipathogen control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Huang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Chengji Hong
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yafang Jin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Xuelian Xu
- Yuhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuhang, China.
| | - Yanmei Xia
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Leyi Zhang
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Wanchun Guan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Yue Y, Zheng J, Sheng M, Liu X, Hao Q, Zhang S, Xu S, Liu Z, Hou X, Jing H, Liu Y, Zhou X, Li Z. Public health implications of Yersinia enterocolitica investigation: an ecological modeling and molecular epidemiology study. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:41. [PMID: 37085902 PMCID: PMC10120104 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yersinia enterocolitica has been sporadically recovered from animals, foods, and human clinical samples in various regions of Ningxia, China. However, the ecological and molecular characteristics of Y. enterocolitica, as well as public health concerns about infection in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, remain unclear. This study aims to analyze the ecological and molecular epidemiological characteristics of Y. enterocolitis in order to inform the public health intervention strategies for the contains of related diseases. METHODS A total of 270 samples were collected for isolation [animals (n = 208), food (n = 49), and patients (n = 13)], then suspect colonies were isolated and identified by the API20E biochemical identification system, serological tests, biotyping tests, and 16S rRNA-PCR. Then, we used an ecological epidemiological approach combined with machine learning algorithms (general linear model, random forest model, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting) to explore the associations between ecological factors and the pathogenicity of Y. enterocolitis. Furthermore, average nucleotide identity (ANI) estimation, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and core gene multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) were applied to characterize the molecular profile of isolates based on whole genome sequencing. The statistical test used single-factor analysis, Chi-square tests, t-tests/ANOVA-tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS A total of 270 isolates of Yersinia were identified from poultry and livestock (n = 191), food (n = 49), diarrhoea patients (n = 13), rats (n = 15), and hamsters (n = 2). The detection rates of samples from different hosts were statistically different (χ2 = 22.636, P < 0.001). According to the relatedness clustering results, 270 isolates were divided into 12 species, and Y. enterocolitica (n = 187) is a predominated species. Pathogenic isolates made up 52.4% (98/187), while non-pathogenic isolates made up 47.6% (89/187). Temperature and precipitation were strongly associated with the pathogenicity of the isolates (P < 0.001). The random forest (RF) prediction model showed the best performance. The prediction result shows a high risk of pathogenicity Y. enterocolitica was located in the northern, northwestern, and southern of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The Y. enterocolitica isolates were classified into 54 sequence types (STs) and 125 cgMLST types (CTs), with 4/O:3 being the dominant bioserotype in Ningxia. The dominant STs and dominant CTs of pathogenic isolates in Ningxia were ST429 and HC100_2571, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The data indicated geographical variations in the distribution of STs and CTs of Y. enterocolitica isolates in Ningxia. Our work offered the first evidence that the pathogenicity of isolates was directly related to fluctuations in temperature and precipitation of the environment. CgMLST typing strategies showed that the isolates were transmitted to the population via pigs and food. Therefore, strengthening health surveillance on pig farms in high-risk areas and focusing on testing food of pig origin are optional strategies to prevent disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Food Testing and Research Institute, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Sheng
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Hao
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunxian Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuexin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Prevalence, bio-serotype, antibiotic susceptibility and genotype of Yersinia enterocolitica and other Yersinia species isolated from retail and processed meats in Shaanxi Province, China. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ultra-Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica Based on the CRISPR/Cas12a Nucleic Acid Identification Platform. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142160. [PMID: 35885403 PMCID: PMC9318358 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is a dangerous foodborne human pathogen that mainly causes gastroenteritis. Ideal methods for the detection of pathogens in food should be rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost effective. To this end, novel in vitro nucleic acid identification methods based on clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein (Cas) endonuclease have received increasing attention. In this study, a simple, visual, and ultrasensitive method, based on CRISPR/Cas12a with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), was developed for the detection of Y. enterocolitica. The results show that a specific attachment invasion locus gene (ail) can be rapidly detected using a CRISPR/Cas12a-RPA-based system. Application of the method to raw pork, which was artificially infected with Y. enterocolitica, achieved an estimated detection limit of 1.7 CFU/mL in less than 45 min, and this was 100 times lower compared with qPCR. The results indicated that the CRISPR/Cas12a-RPA system has good potential for monitoring pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in the chilled meat supply chain.
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Jaballah S, Fhoula I, Boumaiza M, Najjari A, Mhajbi N, Boudabous A, Klibi N, Ouzari H. Prevalence and risk factors of potential pathogenic
Yersinia enterocolitica
in Tunisian frozen ground beef through a shelf‐life monitoring protocol validation. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Jaballah
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
- Département analyses et essais Centre Technique de l’agroalimentaire Tunis Tunisie
| | - Imene Fhoula
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Boumaiza
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
| | - Afef Najjari
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
| | - Narjes Mhajbi
- Département analyses et essais Centre Technique de l’agroalimentaire Tunis Tunisie
| | - Abdellatif Boudabous
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
| | - Naouel Klibi
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
| | - Hadda‐Imene Ouzari
- LR03ES03: Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Faculté des Science de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisie
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Pegoraro K, Sereno MJ, Viana C, Martins BTF, Yamatogi RS, Nero LA, Bersot LDS. Pathogenic potential and antibiotic resistance of Yersinia enterocolitica, a foodborne pathogen limited to swine tonsils in a pork production chain from Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2335-2342. [PMID: 34406639 PMCID: PMC8578270 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to characterize the distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica in a pork production chain in Brazil, as well as the virulence profile and antibiotic resistance of the obtained isolates. Samples from 10 pig lots obtained from finishing farms (water, feed, and barn floors, n = 30), slaughterhouse (lairage floors, carcasses at four processing steps, tonsils, and mesenteric lymph nodes, n = 610), and processing (end cuts, processing environment, n = 160) were obtained in Paraná state, Brazil, and subjected to Y. enterocolitica detection by ISO 10,273. The obtained isolates were identified based on biochemical and molecular features (16 s rRNA, inv, bioserotyping) and subjected to PCR assays to detect virulence (ail, ystA, ystB, virF, myfA, fepA, fepD, fes, tccC, ymoA, hreP, and sat) and multidrug resistance-related genes (emrD, yfhD, and marC). Also, isolates were subjected to disk diffusion test to characterize their resistance against 17 antibiotics from 11 classes and to pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after XbaI macro-restriction. Y. enterocolitica was detected in a single sample (tonsil), and the obtained three isolates were characterized as serotype O:3, harboring ail, ystA, virF, myfA, tccC, ymoA, hreP, emrD, yfhD, and marC, and resistant to all tested antibiotics. The three isolates presented identical macro-restriction profiles by PFGE, also identical to isolates obtained from Minas Gerais, other Brazilian state; one selected isolate was identified as biotype 4. Despite the low occurrence of Y. enterocolitica in the studied pork production, the virulence potential and the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates demonstrated their pathogenic potential, and the macro-restriction profiles indicate strains descending from a common subtype in the pork production chain of two Brazilian States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadigia Pegoraro
- LACOMA, Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Água e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, PR, 85950 000, Palotina, Brazil
| | - Mallu Jagnow Sereno
- LACOMA, Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Água e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, PR, 85950 000, Palotina, Brazil
- InsPOA, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, MG, 36570 900, Brazil
| | - Cibeli Viana
- LACOMA, Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Água e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, PR, 85950 000, Palotina, Brazil
- InsPOA, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, MG, 36570 900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Torres Furtado Martins
- InsPOA, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, MG, 36570 900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Seiti Yamatogi
- InsPOA, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, MG, 36570 900, Brazil
| | - Luís Augusto Nero
- InsPOA, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, MG, 36570 900, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Dos Santos Bersot
- LACOMA, Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Água e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, PR, 85950 000, Palotina, Brazil.
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Zheng Y, Hu P, Ren H, Wang H, Cao Q, Zhao Q, Li H, Zhang H, Liu Z, Li Y, Wang C, Liu Z, Lu S. RPA-SYBR Green I based instrument-free visual detection for pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in meat. Anal Biochem 2021; 621:114157. [PMID: 33705723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica is the primary causative agent of Yersiniosis, with outbreaks in numerous countries around the world, and causes diarrhea and vomiting in animals and humans. Therefore, an instrument-free and convenient nucleic acid visualization method, RPA-SYBR Green I, was established, which combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with the fluorescent dye SYBR Green I for the detection of the adhesion gene ail in pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. After optimization of a series of conditions such as primer concentration, the detection of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica could be finally completed within about 20 min (from DNA extraction to observation of results) at an isothermal temperature of 39°C. RPA-SYBR Green I had no cross-reactivity with other bacteria and the detection limit was 101 CFU/μL, with sensitivity equal to that of conventional PCR. The method established in this paper and conventional PCR identified a total of 5 spiked samples and 15 meat samples stored in refrigerated, and it was concluded that there was 100% consistency between the two methods. Overall, RPA-SYBR Green I is a visual and facilitate detection assay that can accurately discover pathogenic Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Honglin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hanxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhanxu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zengshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Shiying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Persistence of Yersinia enterocolitica bio-serotype 4/O:3 in a pork production chain in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Food Microbiol 2020; 94:103660. [PMID: 33279085 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica bio-serotype 4/O:3 was previously identified in a pork production chain in Brazil and the obtained isolates presented high identity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE, XbaI). For the current study, an additional 147 porcine samples (tonsils = 100, palate = 30, head meat = 17) were collected from the same pork production chain 2-years later and 14 (9.5%) tested positive for Y. enterocolitica. Isolates (n = 24, 1 to 2 per positive sample) were bio-serotype 4/O:3 and harbored virulence genes ail, inv, wbbU, virF, myfA, ystA, ymoA, hreP and sat, and the multidrug resistance related genes emrD, marC and yfhD. PFGE (XbaI) demonstrated no differences among isolates (100% similarity) and were identical to some Y. enterocolitica isolates (n = 13) obtained previously from the same pork chain. A second PFGE analysis (NotI) confirmed the high degree of similarity among isolates obtained over time, demonstrating the persistence of an apparent clonal Y. enterocolitica bio-serotype 4/O:3 in this particular pork production chain in Brazil.
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10
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Stachelska MA. Identification of Pathogenicity of Yersinia enterocolitica in Pig Tonsils Using the Real-Time PCR. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:219-222. [PMID: 30015460 PMCID: PMC7256803 DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of DNA-based methods enables to identify Yersinia enterocolitica carrying the ail-gene with a greater sensitivity compared to culture methods and biochemical tests used for detection of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in animal and food samples. In this study, 100 samples of pig tonsils were examined, among which 17 were positive for the ail gene. Additionally, biochemical tests and RT-PCR showed that nine Y. enterocolitica isolates carried the ail-gene. Two Y. enterocolitica isolates of 1A biotype had the ail gene. The results demonstrated the usefulness of RT-PCR method applied for detection of potentially pathogenic, possessing the ail gene Y. enterocolitica in the material examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena A Stachelska
- Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Food Technology and Gastronomy,Lomza,Poland
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11
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Liang J, Kou Z, Qin S, Chen Y, Li Z, Li C, Duan R, Hao H, Zha T, Gu W, Huang Y, Xiao M, Jing H, Wang X. Novel Yersinia enterocolitica Prophages and a Comparative Analysis of Genomic Diversity. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1184. [PMID: 31191498 PMCID: PMC6548840 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is a major agent of foodborne diseases worldwide. Prophage plays an important role in the genetic evolution of the bacterial genome. Little is known about the genetic information about prophages in the genome of Y. enterocolitica, and no pathogenic Y. enterocolitica prophages have been described. In this study, we induced and described the genomes of six prophages from pathogenic Y. enterocolitica for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis based on whole genome sequencing revealed that these novel Yersinia phages are genetically distinct from the previously reported phages, showing considerable genetic diversity. Interestingly, the prophages induced from O:3 and O:9 Y. enterocolitica showed different genomic sequences and morphology but highly conserved among the same serotype strains, which classified into two diverse clusters. The three long-tailed Myoviridae prophages induced from serotype O:3 Y. enterocolitica were highly conserved, shared ≥99.99% identity and forming genotypic cluster A; the three Podoviridae prophages induced from the serotype O:9 strains formed cluster B, also shared more than 99.90% identity with one another. Cluster A was most closely related to O:5 non-pathogenic Y. enterocolitica prophage PY54 (61.72% identity). The genetic polymorphism of these two kinds of prophages and highly conserved among the same serotype strains, suggested a possible shared evolutionary past for these phages: originated from distinct ancestors, and entered pathogenic Y. enterocolitica as extrachromosomal genetic components during evolution when facing selective pressure. These results are critically important for further understanding of phage roles in host physiology and the pathology of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Shandong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhuang Chen
- Shenzhen Nanshan Maternity and Child Heath Care Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chuchu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medical Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ran Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huijing Hao
- Chang Ping Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zha
- Wuhu Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhu, China
| | - Wenpeng Gu
- Yunnan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases - Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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12
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Peng Z, Zou M, Li M, Liu D, Guan W, Hao Q, Xu J, Zhang S, Jing H, Li Y, Liu X, Yu D, Yan S, Wang W, Li F. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica in retail poultry meat and swine feces in parts of China. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Sijbrandij T, Ligtenberg AJ, Nazmi K, van den Keijbus PAM, Veerman ECI, Bolscher JGM, Bikker FJ. LFchimera protects HeLa cells from invasion by Yersinia spp. in vitro. Biometals 2018; 31:941-950. [PMID: 30136243 PMCID: PMC6245033 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague. As adequate antibiotic treatment falls short and currently no effective vaccine is available, alternative therapeutic strategies are needed. In order to contribute to solving this problem we investigated the therapeutic potential of the peptide construct LFchimera against the safer-to-handle Y. pestis simulants Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in vitro. LFchimera is a heterodimeric peptide construct mimicking two antimicrobial domains of bovine lactoferrin, i.e. lactoferrampin and lactoferricin. LFchimera has been shown to be a potent antimicrobial peptide against a variety of bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Also Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis have been shown to be susceptible for LFchimera in vitro. As Yersiniae spp. adhere to and invade host cells upon infection, we here investigated the effects of LFchimera on these processes. It was found that LFchimera has the capacity to inhibit host-cell invasion by Yersiniae spp. in vitro. This effect appeared to be host-cell mediated, not bacteria-mediated. Furthermore it was found that exposure of human HeLa epithelial cells to both LFchimera and the bacterial strains evoked a pro-inflammatory cytokine release from the cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjitske Sijbrandij
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon J Ligtenberg
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kamran Nazmi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra A M van den Keijbus
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Enno C I Veerman
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G M Bolscher
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris J Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Duan R, Liang J, Zhang J, Chen Y, Wang J, Tong J, Guo B, Hu W, Wang M, Zhao J, Liu C, Hao H, Wang X, Jing H. Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica Bioserotype 3/O:3 among Children with Diarrhea, China, 2010-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 23:1502-1509. [PMID: 28820132 PMCID: PMC5572862 DOI: 10.3201/eid2309.160827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is thought to not significantly contribute to diarrheal disease in China, but evidence substantiating this claim is limited. We determined the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica infection and strain types present among children <5 years of age with diarrhea in China. The overall prevalence of pathogenic isolates was 0.59%. Prevalence of pathogenic bioserotype 3/O:3 varied geographically. In this population, the presence of fecal leukocytes was a characteristic of Y. enterocolitica infection and should be used as an indication for microbiological diagnostic testing, rather than for the diagnosis of bacillary dysentery. In contrast with Y. enterocolitica isolates from adults, which were primarily biotype 1A, isolates from children were primarily bioserotype 3/O:3. Most pathogenic isolates from children shared pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns with isolates from pigs and dogs, suggesting a possible link between isolates from animals and infections in children. Our findings underscore the need for improved diagnostics for this underestimated pathogen.
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15
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Thong KL, Tan LK, Ooi PT. Genetic diversity, virulotyping and antimicrobial resistance susceptibility of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from pigs and porcine products in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:87-95. [PMID: 28542807 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of the present study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance, virulotypes and genetic diversity of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from uncooked porcine food and live pigs in Malaysia. RESULTS Thirty-two non-repeat Y. enterocolitica strains of three bioserotypes (3 variant/O:3, n = 27; 1B/O:8, n = 3; 1A/O:5, n = 2) were analysed. Approximately 90% of strains were multidrug-resistant with a multiple antibiotic resistance index < 0.2 and the majority of the strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, clindamycin, ampicillin, ticarcillin, tetracycline and amoxicillin. Yersinia enterocolitica could be distinguished distinctly into three clusters by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, with each belonging to a particular bioserotype. Strains of 3 variant/O:3 were more heterogeneous than others. Eleven of the 15 virulence genes tested (hreP, virF, rfbC, myfA, sat, inv, ail, ymoA, ystA, tccC, yadA) and pYV virulence plasmid were present in all the bioserotpe 3 variant/03 strains. CONCLUSION The occurrence of virulent strains of Y. enterocolitica in pigs and porcine products reiterated that pigs are important reservoirs for Y. enterocolitica. The increasing trend of multidrug resistant strains is a public health concern. This is the first report on the occurrence of potential pathogenic and resistant strains of Y. enterocolitica in pigs in Malaysia. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwai Lin Thong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lai Kuan Tan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peck Toung Ooi
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Drake FN, Davis S, Khatiwada J, Williams L. Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Found in Chitterlings, Raw Milk and Swine Fecal Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2018.810053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Yang H, Gu W, Qiu H, Sun G, Liang J, Li K, Xiao Y, Duan R, Jing H, Wang X. Comparison of Growth and the Cytokines Induced by Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica Bio-Serotypes 3/O: 3 and 2/O: 9. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:158. [PMID: 28507952 PMCID: PMC5410558 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica is widely distributed in China where the primary bio-serotypes are 3/O: 3 and 2/O: 9. Recently, the distribution of 2/O: 9 strains are being gradually replaced by 3/O: 3 strains where presently 3/O: 3 strains are the major pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in China. To identify the growth conditions and cytokines induced by Y. enterocolitica and providing some clues for this shift, we performed competitive growth in vitro and in vivo for these two bio-serotype strains; and we also compared the cytokines induced by them in infected BALB/C mice. We found 2/O: 9 strains grew more in vitro, while 3/O: 3 strains grew more in vivo regardless of using single cultures or mixed cultures. The cytokines induced by the two strains were similar: interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-9, IL-13, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), chemokines (KC), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammation protein-1α (MIP-1α), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and RANTES were statistically up-regulated upon activation of normal T cells compared to the control. The cytokine values were higher in mixed infections than in single infections except for IL-6, G-CSF, and KC. The data illustrated the different growth of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica bio-serotype 3/O: 3 and 2/O: 9 in vitro and in vivo, and the cytokine changes induced by the two strains in infected BALB/C mice. The growth comparisons of two strains maybe reflect the higher pathogenic ability or resistance to host immune response for Y. enterocolitica bio-serotype 3/O: 3 and maybe it as one of the reason for bacteria shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoshu Yang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China.,Lianyungang Center of Disease Control and PreventionLianyungang, China
| | - Wenpeng Gu
- Yunnan Provincial Centres for Disease Control and PreventionKunming, China
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Guixiang Sun
- Department of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical CollegeXuzhou, China
| | - Junrong Liang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Kewei Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Ran Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing, China
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18
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Peruzy MF, Murru N, Perugini AG, Capuano F, Delibato E, Mercogliano R, Korkeala H, Proroga YTR. Evaluation of virulence genes in Yersinia enterocolitica strains using SYBR Green real-time PCR. Food Microbiol 2017; 65:231-235. [PMID: 28400007 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica comprises six biotypes 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The virulence of the strains belonging to biotypes 1B and 2-5 depends on the presence of both chromosomal and plasmid-borne genes. Strains belonging to biotype 1A do not carry the virulence plasmid pYV. However, they carry other virulence genes, such as ystB and hreP. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of yadA, virF, inv, ystA, ystB, myfA, hreP and ymoA virulence genes in Y. enterocolitica strains in order to select the target genes that could be used for the development of a probe-specific real-time PCR to determine the presence of Y. enterocolitica in food samples. A total of 161 Y. enterocolitica strains isolated in eight countries and grouped into biotypes 1A, 2 (serotypes O3, O5 and O9), 3 (serotypes O3 and O9) and 4 (serotype O3) were examined for virulence genes. The most common virulence-associated gene in pathogenic Y. enterocolitica proved to be ystA, which can therefore be considered the best target gene to be amplified in order to evaluate the presence of pathogenic biotypes. By contrast, to identify Y. enterocolitica 1A strains, ystB, which codes for the enterotoxin YstB, can be proposed. This has been found in all non-pathogenic biotypes studied, but never in pathogenic biotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Peruzy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Murru
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Giannina Perugini
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Federico Capuano
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Delibato
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaelina Mercogliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Hannu Korkeala
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yolande Therese Rose Proroga
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
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19
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Ye Q, Wu Q, Hu H, Zhang J, Huang H. Prevalence and characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from retail foods in China. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Ye Q, Wu Q, Hu H, Zhang J, Huang H. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity ofYersinia enterocoliticaisolated from retail frozen foods in China. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv197. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Chen Y, Duan R, Li X, Li K, Liang J, Liu C, Qiu H, Xiao Y, Jing H, Wang X. Homology analysis and cross-immunogenicity of OmpA from pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia pestis. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:290-9. [PMID: 26435220 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is one of the intra-species conserved proteins with immunogenicity widely found in the family of Enterobacteriaceae. Here we first confirmed OmpA is conserved in the three pathogenic Yersinia: Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica, with high homology at the nucleotide level and at the amino acid sequence level. The identity of ompA sequences for 262 Y. pestis strains, 134 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains and 219 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains are 100%, 98.8% and 97.7% similar. The main pattern of OmpA of pathogenic Yersinia are 86.2% and 88.8% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels, respectively. Immunological analysis showed the immunogenicity of each OmpA and cross-immunogenicity of OmpA for pathogenic Yersinia where OmpA may be a vaccine candidate for Y. pestis and other pathogenic Yersinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuang Chen
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Kewei Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junrong Liang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
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22
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Lucero-Estrada CSM, Soria JM, Favier GI, Escudero ME. Evaluation of the pathogenic potential, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genomic relations of Yersinia enterocolitica strains from food and human origin. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:851-60. [PMID: 26370735 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is a food-borne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis with occasional postinfection sequels. This study was aimed to determinate the pathogenic potential, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genomic relationships of Y. enterocolitica strains of different bioserotypes (B/O) isolated from foods and human samples in San Luis, Argentina. Strains obtained by culture were bioserotyped and characterized by phenotypic and genotypic virulence markers, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Yersinia enterocolitica was detected in 9.2% of 380 samples, with a distribution of 10.6% (30/284) for food products and 5.2% (5/96) for human samples. Regarding the pathogenic potential, B1A strains of different serotypes were virF(-) ail(-), of which 72.0% (13/18) were ystB(+) with virulence-related phenotypic characteristics. Among B2/O:9 isolates, 75.0% (9/12) exhibited the genotype virF(+) ail(+) ystB(-) along with phenotypic traits associated with virulence; the same genotype was observed in 80.0% (4/5) of B3/O:3 and B3/O:5 strains. By PFGE, it was possible to separate Y. enterocolitica biotypes into 4 clonal groups (A to D) with 23 genomic types, generating a discriminatory index of 0.96. All isolates were susceptible to antimicrobials used for clinical treatment. This study highlights the presence of pathogenic bioserotypes and the high genomic diversity of the Y. enterocolitica strains isolated in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S M Lucero-Estrada
- a Microbiología General, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, Bloque 1, 1° Piso, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.,b Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IMIBIO-CONICET), Ejército de los Andes 950, Bloque 1, 1° Piso, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - José Miguel Soria
- a Microbiología General, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, Bloque 1, 1° Piso, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Isabel Favier
- a Microbiología General, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, Bloque 1, 1° Piso, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - María Esther Escudero
- a Microbiología General, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, Bloque 1, 1° Piso, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
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Liang J, Duan R, Xia S, Hao Q, Yang J, Xiao Y, Qiu H, Shi G, Wang S, Gu W, Wang C, Wang M, Tian K, Luo L, Yang M, Tian H, Wang J, Jing H, Wang X. Ecology and geographic distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica among livestock and wildlife in China. Vet Microbiol 2015; 178:125-31. [PMID: 25987302 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The results in this study show the prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica varies in different animal species and regions of China. The highest prevalence is among pigs (12.91%), followed by dogs (9.80%), Ochotona curzoniae (plateau pica) (6.76%), chickens (4.50%), rodents (3.40%), cattle (2.78%) and sheep (0.89%). Pathogenic isolates comprised the majority of the Y. enterocolitica recovered from pigs (73.50%) and dogs (59.44%); whereas the nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica made up most of poultry and wildlife recovered strains. A correlation analysis comparing the prevalence and geographic factors showed the isolation rate of Y. enterocolitica in pigs and dogs was negatively correlated with elevation (r=-0.50, P<0.05) and annual average air temperature (r=-0.43, P<0.05), but there was positive correlation with annual precipitation (r=0.43, P<0.05); conversely, the isolation rate from wildlife is positively correlated with elevation (r=0.3, P<0.05) contrary to the result seen in livestock. Twelve novel biotype 2 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica carried ail and ystB virulence genes, and one biotype 1A nonpathogenic strain positive with ail, ystB and ystA genes were isolated from Microtus fuscus (Qinghai vole) on plague foci of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau. The PFGE pattern K6GN11C30021 was predominant in pigs (44.25%) and patients (41.18%); K6GN11C30068 was predominant in dogs (40.16%). Animal isolates from the same region shared the same pattern (K6GN11C30021 and K6GN11C30012), indicating they may be from the same clone and arose through cross infection. Moreover, the identical PFGE pattern among local animals and diarrhea patients suggested that the animals may be the source of infections in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Liang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shengli Xia
- Henan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiong Hao
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinchuan Yang
- Xuzhou Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxiang Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shukun Wang
- Yuxi Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi, China
| | - Wenpeng Gu
- Yunnan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Chunxiang Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, China
| | - Mingliu Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Kecheng Tian
- Guizhou Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Longze Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, China
| | - Huaiyu Tian
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Özdemir F, Arslan S. Genotypic and phenotypic virulence characteristics and antimicrobial resistance ofYersiniaspp. isolated from meat and milk products. J Food Sci 2015; 80:M1306-13. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Özdemir
- Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Dept. of Biology; 14280 Gölköy/Bolu Turkey
| | - Seza Arslan
- Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Dept. of Biology; 14280 Gölköy/Bolu Turkey
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Wang X, Liang J, Xi J, Yang J, Wang M, Tian K, Li J, Qiu H, Xiao Y, Duan R, Yang H, Li K, Cui Z, Qi M, Jing H. Canis lupus familiaris involved in the transmission of pathogenic Yersinia spp. in China. Vet Microbiol 2014; 172:339-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Liang J, Bi Z, Shi G, Xiao Y, Qiu H, Kou Z, Hu B, Jing H, Wang X. Two novel ail-positive biotype 1A strains of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated in China with unequal adhesion and invasion properties. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 27:83-8. [PMID: 25038297 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is an enteric pathogen having six biotypes: 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Different bioserotypes have been associated with varying pathogenicity, and the strains of biotype 1A lack the virulence-associated pYV-bearing genes and were once considered to be avirulent. However, there is growing epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence to suggest some biotype 1A isolates are virulent and can cause gastrointestinal disease. Here, we describe two biotype 1A strains discovered from 3807 isolates that carry the ail (attachment and invasion locus) gene. The two strains showed unique PFGE patterns compared to all other isolates in the Chinese Y. enterocolitica isolate PFGE database. Strain SDWL-003 isolated from a sheep shared ail sequence identical to A1 pattern, and the foxA (ferrioxamine receptor) sequence was identical to the pathogenic F5 pattern, besides, the PFGE patterns of SDWL-003 was also cluster to pathogenic branch; however it does not attach to or invade Hep-2 cells. The ail sequence of strain 2006RAT isolated from a Microtus fortis showed several mutations compared to other published genomes, and therefore formed an entirely new pathogenic pattern. Though it clustered to non-pathogenic block with foxA sequence polymorphism analysis or PFGE assay, the strain 2006RAT showed adhesion properties. The data here bring new insights into the molecular genetics of Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A, show some isolates of 1A biotype gaining potential pathogenicity using the function of the virulence gene - ail, and indicate the lateral gene transfer of ail virulence genes proceeded between pathogenic and nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Liang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Bi
- Shandong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022 Jinan, China
| | - Guoxiang Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 450016 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Shandong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022 Jinan, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Shandong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 650022 Jinan, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 102206 Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 102206 Beijing, China.
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Li K, Gu W, Liang J, Xiao Y, Qiu H, Yang H, Wang X, Jing H. Gene polymorphism analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica outer membrane protein A and putative outer membrane protein A family protein. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:201. [PMID: 24628971 PMCID: PMC3995578 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Yersinia enterocolitica outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is one of the major outer membrane proteins with high immunogenicity. We performed the polymorphism analysis for the outer membrane protein A and putative outer membrane protein A (p-ompA) family protein gene of 318 Y. enterocolitica strains. Results The data showed all the pathogenic strains and biotype 1A strains harboring ystB gene carried both ompA and p-ompA genes; parts of the biotype 1A strains not harboring ystB gene carried either ompA or p-ompA gene. In non-pathogenic strains (biotype 1A), distribution of the two genes and ystB were highly correlated, showing genetic polymorphism. The pathogenic and non-pathogenic, highly and weakly pathogenic strains were divided into different groups based on sequence analysis of two genes. Although the variations of the sequences, the translated proteins and predicted secondary or tertiary structures of OmpA and P-OmpA were similar. Conclusions OmpA and p-ompA gene were highly conserved for pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. The distributions of two genes were correlated with ystB for biotype 1A strains. The polymorphism analysis results of the two genes probably due to different bio-serotypes of the strains, and reflected the dissemination of different bio-serotype clones of Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Zadernowska A, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Łaniewska-Trokenheim Ł. Yersinia enterocolitica: A Dangerous, But Often Ignored, Foodborne Pathogen. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2013.853775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Homology analysis of pathogenic Yersinia species Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and Yersinia pestis based on multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 52:20-9. [PMID: 24131695 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02185-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme and used it to study the population structure and evolutionary relationships of three pathogenic Yersinia species. MLST of these three Yersinia species showed a complex of two clusters, one composed of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia pestis and the other composed of Yersinia enterocolitica. Within the first cluster, the predominant Y. pestis sequence type 90 (ST90) was linked to Y. pseudotuberculosis ST43 by one locus difference, and 81.25% of the ST43 strains were from serotype O:1b, supporting the hypothesis that Y. pestis descended from the O:1b serotype of Y. pseudotuberculosis. We also found that the worldwide-prevalent serotypes O:1a, O:1b, and O:3 were predominated by specific STs. The second cluster consisted of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, two of which may not have identical STs. The pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains formed a relatively conserved group; most strains clustered within ST186 and ST187. Serotypes O:3, O:8, and O:9 were separated into three distinct blocks. Nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica STs were more heterogeneous, reflecting genetic diversity through evolution. By providing a better and effective MLST procedure for use with the Yersinia community, valuable information and insights into the genetic evolutionary differences of these pathogens were obtained.
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Rapid subtyping of Yersinia enterocolitica by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for diagnostics and surveillance. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51:4200-3. [PMID: 24048527 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01416-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an alternative to the current traditional bioserotyping techniques was developed for subtyping Y. enterocolitica using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The most common pathogenic bioserotypes could easily be distinguished using only a few bioserotype-specific biomarkers. However, biochemical methods should still be used to distinguish biotype 1A from 1B.
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31
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Comparison of cytokine immune responses to Brucella abortus and Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:9 infections in BALB/c mice. Infect Immun 2013; 81:4392-8. [PMID: 24042115 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00856-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella abortus and Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:9 serologically cross-react in the immune response with the host; therefore, our aim was to compare the immune responses to these two pathogens. We selected typical B. abortus and Y. enterocolitica O:9 strains to study the cytokine immune response and the histopathological changes in livers and spleens of BALB/c mice. The data showed the cytokine responses to the two strains of pathogens were different, where the average levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were higher with B. abortus infections than with Y. enterocolitica O:9 infections, especially for IFN-γ, while the IL-10 level was lower and the levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 were similar. The histopathological effects in the livers and spleens of the BALB/c mice with B. abortus and Y. enterocolitica O:9 infections were similar; however, the pathological changes in the liver were greater with B. abortus infections, while damage in the spleen was greater with Y. enterocolitica O:9 infections. These observations show that different cytokine responses and histopathological changes occur with B. abortus and Y. enterocolitica O:9 infections.
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Wang X, Gu W, Qiu H, Xia S, Zheng H, Xiao Y, Liang J, Jing H. Comparison of the cytokine immune response to pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica bioserotype 1B/O:8 and 2/O:9 in susceptible BALB/C and resistant C57BL/6 mice. Mol Immunol 2013; 55:365-71. [PMID: 23582306 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the lethality of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica bioserotypes 1B/O:8 and 2/O:9 in susceptible BALB/C and resistant C57BL/6 mice; the cytokine alterations and histopathological changes were observed comparing the two strains in BALB/C mice. The data showed the 50% lethal dose (LD50) for the pathogenic Y. enterocolitica bioserotype 1B/O:8 was 10³ cfu in both BALB/C and C57BL/6 mice; while the LD50 for the 2/O:9 was 10⁸ cfu in BALB/C mice and 10⁹ cfu in C57BL/6 mice, a large difference. After infection with the two strains in BALB/C mice, GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), IFN-γ (interferon-γ), IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) appeared as a cytokine storm in a short period, reached peak values, and then quickly decreased. This appeared important for the immune response and cytokine immunopathogenesis in pathogenic Y. enterocolitica infections. In the initial infection stage, GM-CSF, IL-6, and TNF-α of 2/O:9 were higher than 1B/O:8; and subsequently the status was reversed. However, levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12 following infection with 1B/O:8 were always higher than with 2/O:9. The histopathological changes in the liver and spleen in BALB/C mice infected with the two strains were similar at different times and doses. These observations show the different immunological effects and changes for pathogenic Y. enterocolitica 1B/O:8 and 2/O:9 infections using the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, 102206 Beijing, China
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Bernardino-Varo L, Quiñones-Ramírez EI, Fernández FJ, Vázquez-Salinas C. Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in raw cow's milk collected from stables of Mexico City. J Food Prot 2013; 76:694-8. [PMID: 23575136 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica has been isolated from a batch of pork-derived products, from healthy and diseased animals, and from different types of milk and dairy products, among others. We studied the prevalence and diversity of Y. enterocolitica isolated from raw cow's milk collected from stables in Mexico City. Of the 1,300 samples analyzed, Y. enterocolitica was isolated in 454, with an average of 25% positive samples for each stable. Of the total isolated bacteria of the Yersinia genus, 44.25% were Y. enterocolitica, 18.28% were Y. kristensenii, 13.65% were Y. intermedia, 14.85% were Y. frederiksenii, and 9.14% were Y. aldovae. Among the different strains of Y. enterocolitica, biotype 1A was present in 70%, biotype 2 in 13.2%, biotype 3 in 8.54%, and biotype 4 in 8.15% of samples. Serotypes O:5, O:3, O:2, and O:9 were found in all biotypes identified. There were no statistically significant differences in the isolation of this bacterium with respect to the stables where they were found, although there was significant difference regarding the time of year. The data obtained in this work show the need to protect public health in Mexico against infections transmitted by raw cow's milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeldi Bernardino-Varo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bancerz-Kisiel A, Szczerba-Turek A, Lipczyńska K, Stenzel T, Szweda W. Bioserotypes and virulence markers of Yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). J Food Prot 2012; 75:2219-22. [PMID: 23212020 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is the causative agent of yersiniosis in different animal species and in humans. Food contaminated with Y. enterocolitica is the main source of infection for humans, and swine plays a major role in the transmission of the disease. There are a limited number of reports of the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in wild animals and birds. This study characterized virulence markers associated with Y. enterocolitica isolates recovered from mallards and pheasants. Y. enterocolitica strains were isolated from 5 (11.11%) of 45 mallards originating from a cold culture (peptone, sorbitol, and bile salts medium) belonging to biotype 1A. Serotyping showed that three of these five serotypes represented serotype O:8, one belonged to serotype O:5, and one did not agglutinate with any of the sera and was classified as nonidentified. Molecular analysis for virulence markers detected the ystB gene, which encodes an enterotoxin, in five isolates. Y. enterocolitica was not detected in any of the 16 examined pheasants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Bancerz-Kisiel
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Gu W, Wang X, Qiu H, Luo X, Xiao D, Xiao Y, Tang L, Kan B, Jing H. Comparative antigenic proteins and proteomics of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica bio-serotypes 1B/O: 8 and 2/O: 9 cultured at 25°C and 37°C. Microbiol Immunol 2012; 56:583-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in China. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37309. [PMID: 22615971 PMCID: PMC3352880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The predominant bioserotypes of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in China are 2/O: 9 and 3/O: 3; no pathogenic O: 8 strains have been found to date. Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) based on seven loci was able to distinguish 104 genotypes among 218 pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates in China and from abroad, showing a high resolution. The major pathogenic serogroups in China, O: 3 and O: 9, were divided into two clusters based on MLVA genotyping. The different distribution of Y. enterocolitica MLVA genotypes maybe due to the recent dissemination of specific clones of 2/O: 9 and 3/O: 3 strains in China. MLVA was a helpful tool for bacterial pathogen surveillance and investigation of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica outbreaks.
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Lucero Estrada CS, Velázquez LDC, Favier GI, Di Genaro MS, Escudero ME. Detection of Yersinia spp. in meat products by enrichment culture, immunomagnetic separation and nested PCR. Food Microbiol 2012; 30:157-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in pigs slaughtered in Chinese abattoirs. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:2949-56. [PMID: 22327599 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07893-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs in China was studied. A total of 8,773 samples were collected and examined from different pig abattoirs in 11 provinces from 2009 to 2011. Of these, 4,495 were oral-pharyngeal swab (tonsils) samples from pigs, 1,239 were from intestinal contents, and 3,039 were feces samples from abattoirs or local pigpens. The data showed that 1,132 strains were obtained, from which the isolation rate for Yersinia enterocolitica was 19.53% (878/4,495) from the tonsil samples, 7.51% (93/1,239) from intestinal contents, and 5.30% (161/3,039) from feces. Of the 850 pathogenic Yersinia strains, except for three of bioserotype 2/O:9 and three of bioserotype 4/O:3, most (844/850) were of bioserotype 3/O:3. Interestingly, pathogenic Y. enterocolitica accounted for the majority of the isolated strains from most provinces (85.17% to 100%), whereas from Heilongjiang, 96.52% (111/115) were classified as nonpathogenic biotype 1A with various serotypes, and only 3.48% of the strains (4/115) were pathogenic 3/O:3. All of the pathogenic strains were analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and 49 patterns were obtained for the O:3 pathogenic strains; most of them were K6GN11C30021 (53.13%: 450/847) and K6GN11C30012 (21.37%: 181/847). Several strains from diarrhea patient samples revealed PFGE patterns identical to that from samples of local pigs, suggesting a possible link between porcine isolates and human infection. The results above suggested that Yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs from Chinese abattoirs was characterized by region-specific PFGE patterns and confirmed that strains isolated from pigs are closely related to those from human infections.
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Bari ML, Hossain MA, Isshiki K, Ukuku D. Behavior of Yersinia enterocolitica in Foods. J Pathog 2011; 2011:420732. [PMID: 22567332 PMCID: PMC3335665 DOI: 10.4061/2011/420732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica are ubiquitous, being isolated frequently from soil, water, animals, and a variety of foods. They comprise a biochemically heterogeneous group that can survive and grow at refrigeration temperatures. The ability to propagate at refrigeration temperatures is of considerable significance in food hygiene. Virulent strains of Yersinia invade mammalian cells such as HeLa cells in tissue culture. Two chromosomal genes, inv and ail, were identified for cell invasion of mammalian. The pathogen can cause diarrhoea, appendicitis and post-infection arthritis may occur in a small proportion of cases. The most common transmission route of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica is thought to be fecal-oral via contaminated food. Direct person-to-person contact is rare. Occasionally, pathogenic Y. enterocolitica has been detected in vegetables and environmental water; thus, vegetables and untreated water are also potential sources of human yersiniosis. However, the isolation rates of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica have been low, which may be due to the limited sensitivity of the detection methods. To identify other possible transmission vehicles, different food items should be studied more extensively. Many factors related to the epidemiology of Y. enterocolitica, such as sources, transmission routes, and predominating genotypes remain obscure because of the low sensitivity of detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Latiful Bari
- Food Analysis Research Laboratory Center for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - M. Anwar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Kenji Isshiki
- Division of Marine Life Science, Research Faculty of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Dike Ukuku
- Food Safety Intervention Technologies, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
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Sabina Y, Rahman A, Ray RC, Montet D. Yersinia enterocolitica: Mode of Transmission, Molecular Insights of Virulence, and Pathogenesis of Infection. J Pathog 2011; 2011:429069. [PMID: 22567333 PMCID: PMC3335483 DOI: 10.4061/2011/429069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Yersinia enterocolitica is usually transmitted through contaminated food and untreated water, occasional transmission such as human-to-human, animal-to-human and blood transfusion associated transmission have also identified in human disease. Of the six Y. enterocolitica biotypes, the virulence of the pathogenic biotypes, namely, 1B and 2-5 is attributed to the presence of a highly conserved 70-kb virulence plasmid, termed pYV/pCD and certain chromosomal genes. Some biotype 1A strains, despite lacking virulence plasmid (pYV) and traditional chromosomal virulence genes, are isolated frequently from humans with gastrointestinal diseases similar to that produced by isolates belonging known pathogenic biotypes. Y. enterocolitica pathogenic biotypes have evolved two major properties: the ability to penetrate the intestinal wall, which is thought to be controlled by plasmid genes, and the production of heat-stable enterotoxin, which is controlled by chromosomal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeasmin Sabina
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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41
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Complete genome sequence of a Yersinia enterocolitica "Old World" (3/O:9) strain and comparison with the "New World" (1B/O:8) strain. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:1251-9. [PMID: 21325549 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01921-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is a heterogeneous bacterial species with a wide range of animal reservoirs through which human intestinal illness can be facilitated. In contrast to the epidemiological pattern observed in the United States, infections in China present a pattern similar to those in European countries and Japan, wherein "Old World" strains (biotypes 2 to 5) are prevalent. To gain insights into the evolution of Y. enterocolitica and pathogenic properties toward human hosts, we sequenced the genome of a biotype 3 strain, 105.5R(r) (O:9), obtained from a Chinese patient. Comparative genome sequence analysis with strain 8081 (1B/O:8) revealed new insights into Y. enterocolitica. Both strains have more than 14% specific genes. In strain 105.5R(r), putative virulence factors were found in strain-specific genomic pathogenicity islands that comprised a novel type III secretion system and rtx-like genes. Many of the loci representing ancestral clusters, which are believed to contribute to enteric survival and pathogenesis, are present in strain 105.5R(r) but lost in strain 8081. Insertion elements in 105.5R(r) have a pattern distinct from those in strain 8081 and were exclusively located in a strain-specific region. In summary, our comparative genome analysis indicates that these two strains may have attained their pathogenicity by completely separate evolutionary events, and the 105.5R(r) strain, a representative of the Old World biogroup, lies in a branch of Y. enterocolitica that is distinct from the "New World" 8081 strain.
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Huang Y, Wang X, Cui Z, Yang Y, Xiao Y, Tang L, Kan B, Xu J, Jing H. Possible use of ail and foxA polymorphisms for detecting pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica. BMC Microbiol 2010; 10:211. [PMID: 20691098 PMCID: PMC2924855 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yersinia enterocolitica is an enteric pathogen that invades the intestinal mucosa and proliferates within the lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches). The attachment invasion locus (ail) mediates invasion by Y. enterocolitica and confers an invasive phenotype upon non-invasive E. coli; ail is the primary virulence factor of Y. enterocolitica. The ferrioxamine receptor (foxA) located on the Y. enterocolitica chromosome, together with its transport protein, transports a siderophore specific for ferric ion. Currently, ail is the primary target gene for nucleic acid detection of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. Results The genes ail and foxA in 271 pathogenic and 27 non-pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from China and 10 reference strains were sequenced, aligned, compared to the ail and foxA sequences of Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081 (Genbank: NC_008800), and analyzed for sequence polymorphism. The ail from the 282 strains showed 3 sequence patterns: 277 strains of serotypes O:3, O:9 and O:5, 27 with identical nucleic acid sequences formed pattern A1; 4 strains of serotype 1B/O:8 with identical nucleic acid sequences formed pattern A2; and one Chinese isolate 2/O:9 formed pattern A3. In the primary coding region of the foxA ORF (Genebank: X60447 nt 433-1866; nt 28 to 1,461 in the ORF), the sequences formed 3 groups and were further divided into 8 sequence patterns. Conclusion The ail and foxA loci of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica have been analyzed. The ail sequence was highly conserved among the same serotype strains from different sources; and foxA was highly conserved among the pathogenic strains, although there was some sequence diversity. Fewer strains were used from outside China, which is a limitation of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, 102206, Beijing, China
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Pathogenic strains of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) belonging to farmers are of the same subtype as pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from humans and may be a source of human infection in Jiangsu Province, China. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48:1604-10. [PMID: 20181899 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01789-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We isolated 326 Yersinia enterocolitica strains from 5,919 specimens from patients with diarrhea at outpatient clinics, livestock, poultry, wild animals, insect vectors, food, and the environment in the cities of Nantong and Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2004 to 2008. The results showed that the 12 pathogenic strains were of the O:3 serotype. Six strains were isolated from domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) belonging to farmers and were found to be the primary carriers of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, especially in Xuzhou. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the pathogenic strains from dogs belonging to farmers showed that they shared the same patterns as strains from diarrhea patients isolated in 1994. This indicates that the strains from domestic dogs have a close correlation with the strains causing human infections.
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Wang X, Cui Z, Jin D, Tang L, Xia S, Wang H, Xiao Y, Qiu H, Hao Q, Kan B, Xu J, Jing H. Distribution of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in China. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 28:1237-44. [PMID: 19575249 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-009-0773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica (1,295 strains) was isolated from diarrhea patients, livestock, poultry, wild animals, insect vectors, food, and the environment. They were studied for epidemiology distribution using bacterial biochemical metabolism tests, their virulence genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) sub-typing. The data showed that 416 of the 1,295 strains were pathogenic, where the pathogenic Chinese isolates were of serotypes O:3 and O:9. These two serotypes were found in livestock and poultry, with swine serving as the major reservoir. The geographic distribution of pathogenic isolates was significantly different, where most of the strains were isolated from the cold northern areas, whereas some serotype O:3 strains were recovered from the warm southern areas. By the analysis of the data of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, we find the phenomenon of 'concentric circle distribution' around animal reservoirs and human habitation. The clustering of PFGE showed that the patterns of the pathogenic strains isolated from diarrhea patients were identical compared to those from the animals in the same area, thus, suggesting that the human infection originated from the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, P.O. Box 5, 102206, Changping, Beijing, China
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