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İnce Kuka G, Gürsoy H. Root surface roughness evaluation following application of different periodontal instruments and Er:YAG laser: A profilometry and SEM study. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:98. [PMID: 38583109 PMCID: PMC10999381 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of 30°-angled Er:YAG laser tip and different periodontal instruments on root surface roughness and morphology in vitro. METHODS Eighteen bovine teeth root without carious lesion were decoronated from the cementoenamel junction and seperated longitidunally. A total of 36 obtained blocks were mounted in resin blocks and polished with silicon carbide papers under water irrigation. These blocks were randomly assigned into 3 treatment groups. In Group 1, 30°-angled Er:YAG laser (2.94 μm) tip was applied onto the blocks with a 20 Hz, 120 mJ energy output under water irrigation for 20 s. In Groups 2 and 3, the same treatment was applied to the blocks with new generation ultrasonic tip and conventional curette apico-coronally for 20 s with a sweeping motion. Surface roughness and morphology were evaluated before and after instrumentation with a profilometer and SEM, respectively. RESULTS After instrumentation, profilometric analysis revealed significantly higher roughness values compared to baseline in all treatment groups(p < 0.05). Laser group revealed the roughest surface morphology followed by conventional curette and new generation ultrasonic tip treatment groups (p < 0.05). In SEM analysis, irregular surfaces and crater defects were seen more frequently in the laser group. CONCLUSION Results of the study showed that the use of new generation ultrasonic tip was associated with smoother surface morphology compared to 30°-angled Er-YAG laser tip and conventional curette. Further in vitro and in vivo studies with an increased sample size are necessary to support the present study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem İnce Kuka
- Department of Periodontology, Hamidiye Dental Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hare Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Hamidiye Dental Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Baltaci E, Bilmenoglu C, Ozgur O, Ozveren N. Effect of three different remineralising agents on prevention against acidic erosion of primary teeth: an in vitro study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:651-659. [PMID: 37646903 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate and compare the protective effect of fluoride varnish (Enamelast™, Ultradent Inc., Cologne, Germany), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride/CPP-ACPF (MI Paste Plus, GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) and self-assembling P11-4 peptide (Curodont™ Protect, Credentis AG, Windisch, Switzerland), against acidic erosion of primary teeth. METHODS Forty primary anterior teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10): group 1: control, group 2: fluoride varnish, group 3: CPP-ACPF and group 4: self-assembling P11-4 peptide. After applying remineralising agents, except for the control group, all specimens underwent an erosive challenge of carbonated soft drink and artificial saliva for 15 cycles of 6 s each at 6-h intervals for a day. Groups were compared in terms of surface microhardness, roughness readings, and surface scanning with an extra-oral scanner (D800; 3Shape A/S) before and after the erosive process. RESULTS All experimental groups showed superior results than the control group regarding microhardness, surface roughness, and substance loss. The fluoride varnish group showed significantly favourable results in microhardness change. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups regarding surface roughness and enamel loss measurements. CONCLUSION 5% NaF fluoride varnish, CPP-ACPF and self-assembling P11-4 peptide protect the enamel of primary teeth against erosion compared to artificial saliva alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Baltaci
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - C Bilmenoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - O Ozgur
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - N Ozveren
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
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3
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Lan Z, Zhao IS, Li J, Li X, Yuan L, Sha O. Erosive effects of commercially available alcoholic beverages on enamel. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:236-240. [PMID: 36624075 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of four alcoholic beverages on enamel erosion. Fifty enamel specimens were randomly allocated into the following five groups (n=10): group 1, water as negative control; group 2, red wine; group 3, white wine; group 4, distilled spirit; and group 5, beer. The specimens were immersed in the respective solution for a 16 h demineralization, followed by an 8 h remineralization in artificial saliva. Cyclic de- and re-mineralization were performed for 8 days. Surface roughness, microhardness and morphology of the enamel specimens were studied after the cycling. The results were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Dunnett's post-hoc test (p<0.05). All investigated beverages showed an erosive effect on enamel. White wine had the highest erosive potential whereas distilled spirit had the least.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Lan
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | | | - Jia Li
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)
| | - Ou Sha
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
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4
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Kruzic JJ, Hoffman M, Arsecularatne JA. Fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105574. [PMID: 36473402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human tooth enamel must withstand the cyclic contact forces, wear, and corrosion processes involved with typical oral functions. Furthermore, unlike other human tissues, dental enamel does not have a significant capacity for healing or self-repair and thus the longevity of natural teeth in the oral environment depends to a large degree on the fatigue and wear properties of enamel. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our understanding of the fatigue and wear mechanisms of human enamel and how they relate to in vivo observations of tooth damage in the complex oral environment. A key finding of this review is that fatigue and wear processes are closely related. For example, the presence of abrasive wear particles significantly lowers the forces needed to initiate contact fatigue cracking while subsurface fatigue crack propagation drives key delamination wear mechanisms during attrition or attrition-corrosion of enamel. Furthermore, this review seeks to bring a materials science and mechanical engineering perspective to fatigue and wear phenomena. In this regard, we see developing a mechanistic description of fatigue and wear, and understanding the interconnectivity of the processes, as essential for successfully modelling enamel fatigue and wear damage and developing strategies and treatments to improve the longevity of our natural teeth. Furthermore, we anticipate that this review will stimulate ideas for extending the lifetime of the natural tooth structure and will help highlight where our understanding is too limited and where additional research into fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Kruzic
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Mark Hoffman
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Arsecularatne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Katsigialou N, Sifakakis I, Zinelis S, Papageorgiou SN, Eliades T. Manual and mechanical stripping-induced enamel roughness and elemental composition in vivo. Eur J Orthod 2022; 45:250-257. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives
Interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) is routinely used in orthodontics to generate small to moderate amounts of space within the dental arch. Aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the effect of two different IPR systems on the enamel surface’s waviness, roughness, and elemental composition after 6 months of intraoral exposure.
Materials and methods
Fifteen orthodontic extraction patients were included in the present study. The 39 healthy premolars, which were scheduled to be extracted, were subjected to IPR at least 6 months before their extraction. IPR was performed on their mesial side with two different methods: (1) instrumented method with the Ortho-Strips system (on handpiece) and (2) manually with the Intensiv ProxoStrip (strips)—each with four different grits for contouring, finishing, and polishing. The distal side of each premolar served as its own internal control. Treated and untreated tooth surfaces were evaluated by optical profilometry, Raman, and scanning electron microscope/X-ray energy-dispersive (EDX) analyses. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and generalized linear models at alpha = 5%.
Results
Both IPR methods significantly reduced the waviness of the enamel surface (P < 0.001), with manual IPR leading to smaller waviness reductions than the instrumented IPR (P ≤ 0.001). On the other side, both IPR methods led to a significant increase in enamel surface roughness (P < 0.001), with no significant differences between IPR methods. EDX and Raman analyses did not demonstrate any alterations on elemental composition of enamel after at least 6 months of intraoral exposure.
Conclusions
Both stripping systems led to a flatter but rougher enamel surface. Further polishing is needed to restore the initial enamel smoothness. The elemental composition of the stripped enamel returns to the baseline level after 6 months of intraoral exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Katsigialou
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Iosif Sifakakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Spiros Zinelis
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Spyridon N Papageorgiou
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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Tooth Wear and Tribological Investigations in Dentistry. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:2861197. [PMID: 35721235 PMCID: PMC9203238 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2861197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental or tooth wear is a physiological process in the life cycle of teeth. Loss of the occlusal surface may cause excessive tooth wear. Several factors may contribute to tooth wear with different intensities and duration in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is generally compared to a tribological system to determine the various types of wear between teeth and restorative materials and assess the amount of dental wear. However, it is challenging to investigate in vitro and in vivo wear owing to the complexity of tooth wear; thus, a clear correlation between in vitro and in vivo data could not be established. This review is aimed at providing an insight into the etiology of tooth wear and tribological investigations in dentistry.
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Devadiga D, Shetty P, Hegde MN. Characterization of dynamic process of carious and erosive demineralization - an overview. J Conserv Dent 2022; 25:454-462. [PMID: 36506627 PMCID: PMC9733543 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_161_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To review the analytical methods for carious and erosive demineralization an initial search of peer-reviewed scientific literature from the digital library database of PubMed/Medline indexed journals published up to early 2022 was carried out based on keywords relevant to the topic criteria including bibliographic citations from the papers to gather the most updated information. This current review aims to provide an updated overview of the advantages, limitations, and potential applications of direct and indirect research methods available for studying various dynamic stages of carious and erosive demineralization in enamel and dentin. This paper categorizes and describes the most suitable, frequently adopted and widely used quantitative and qualitative techniques in in vitro/in vivo research which are well-established, emerging, or comparatively novel techniques that are being explored for their potential validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Devadiga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. Darshana Devadiga, Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - Pushparaj Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mithra N. Hegde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Rencber A, Altintas E. Effects chemical disinfectants on surface roughness of conventional impression materials used for dental prosthetic procedures. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1484-1489. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1920_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porojan L, Toma FR, Vasiliu RD, Topală FI, Porojan SD, Matichescu A. Optical Properties and Color Stability of Dental PEEK Related to Artificial Ageing and Staining. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234102. [PMID: 34883606 PMCID: PMC8658820 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that the processes of PEEK discoloration caused by either intrinsic or extrinsic factors require elucidation, the aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of the combined action of ageing and immersing solutions on the optical properties and color stability of PEEK material, related to surface processing (polishing or glazing). (2) Methods: This study aims to determine the influence of different ageing and staining protocols on optical properties, color changes, and surface roughness of a reinforced PEEK material (bioHPP, Bredent, Senden, Germany). For ageing, specimens were submitted to 5000 cycles in a 55 °C bath and a 5 °C bath filled with distilled water. For staining, thermal cycling was performed in a hot coffee bath (55 °C) and a bath filled with distilled water (37 °C) and in a cold juice bath (5 °C) and a bath filled with distilled water (37 °C). Translucency (TP) and opalescence (OP) parameters were determined, the total color change value (ΔΕ*) was calculated, specimens’ surface roughness was analyzed, and statistical analyses were performed. (3) Results: The mean TP values of the studied samples were in the interval of 1.25–3.60, which is lower than those reported for natural teeth or other aesthetic restoration materials. The OP values of PEEK were registered in the range of 0.27–0.75, being also lower than those of natural teeth or other aesthetic restoration materials. OP has a very strong positive relationship with TP. The mean registered Ra values for all subgroups were below 0.13 µm. Artificial ageing and staining in hot coffee proved to increase the roughness values. (4) Conclusions: The glazing of PEEK has a favorable effect on surface roughness and opalescence, irrespective of the artificial ageing or staining protocols. Artificial ageing damages the color stability and roughness of PEEK, regardless of surface processing, and decreases the translucency and opalescence of glazed surfaces. Immersion in hot coffee leads to perceivable discolorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Porojan
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.R.T.)
| | - Flavia Roxana Toma
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.R.T.)
| | - Roxana Diana Vasiliu
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Florin-Ionel Topală
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Sorin Daniel Porojan
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Anamaria Matichescu
- Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timisoara, Romania;
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Turker I, Kursoglu P. Wear evaluation of CAD-CAM dental ceramic materials by chewing simulation. J Adv Prosthodont 2021; 13:281-291. [PMID: 34777718 PMCID: PMC8558571 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2021.13.5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the wear of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dental ceramic materials opposed by enamel as a function of increased chewing forces. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enamel cusps of healthy human third molar teeth (n = 40) opposed by materials from CAD-CAM dental ceramic groups (n = 10), including Vita Enamic® (ENA), a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN); GC Cerasmart® (CERA), a resin nanoceramic; Celtra® Duo (DUO), a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic; and IPS e.max ZirCAD (ZIR), a polycrystalline zirconia, were exposed to chewing simulation (1,200,000 cycles; 120 N load; 1 Hz frequency; 0.7 mm lateral and 2 mm vertical motion). The wear of both enamel cusps and materials was quantified using a 3D laser scanner, and the wear mechanisms were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analysed using Welch ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test (α = .05). RESULTS ZIR showed lower volume loss (0.02 ± 0.01 mm3) than ENA, CERA and DUO (P = .001, P = .018 and P = .005, respectively). The wear of cusp/DUO [0.59 mm3 (0.50-1.63 mm3)] was higher than cusp/CERA[0.17 mm3 (0.04-0.41 mm3)] (P = .007). ZIR showed completely different wear mechanism in SEM. CONCLUSION Composite structured materials such as PICN and ZLS ceramic exhibit more abrasive effect on opposing enamel due to their loss against wear, compared to uniform structured zirconia. The resin nanoceramic causes the lowest enamel wear thanks to its flexible nano-ceramic microstructure. While zirconia appears to be an enamel-friendly material in wear volume loss, it can cause microstructural defects of enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izim Turker
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kursoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Almohefer S, Moazzez R, Bartlett D. Comparison of metrology created by profilometry and digital microscopy on polished dentine in an erosion/abrasion model. J Dent 2021; 114:103831. [PMID: 34600043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Digital microscopy offers the ability to scan surfaces to produce 3D reconstructions, allowing step height measurements with high accuracy. The aims of this study were to compare the step heights from the gold standard, non-contact profilometry, to digital microscopy in an erosion/abrasion model. METHODS Dentine specimens (n = 60) were immersed in deionised water, 1450 ppm and 5000 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride for 3 min, eroded for a total of 25 min in a cycled protocol in 0.3% citric acid (pH 2.7) and abraded with 120 and 240 brushing strokes. Samples were scanned by a non-contacting profilometer with a 0.1 μm vertical resolution and then the same samples imaged with a digital microscope and the step heights compared. Data were analysed in GraphPad Prism 7.00. Data were normally distributed and a 3 way ANOVA with post hoc analysis used to assess for differences between groups. Agreement between the measurement method was assessed using IntraClass Correlations and Bland Altmans plots. RESULTS The mean step heights from the profilometry and the digital microscope on the same samples were not statistically significant different. The magnitude of the differences was less than 0.5 μm. The results of the ANOVA demonstrated that the individual factors fluoride concentration and number of strokes were significant (P<0.05), however, the method of analysis was not (p = 0.74). ICC's between the two methods of analysis were excellent (0.996, p<0.001) with no proportional bias. CONCLUSIONS This study reports that step height on dentine from a digital microscopy and non-contact profilometry were not significantly different. The digital microscope, although slower, allows visual inspection of the samples as well as measurement. SIGNIFICANCE Digital microscope's offer the ability to scan, 2D or 3D images and perform meteorological analysis of samples. In this investigation both showed that 5000 ppm fluoride prevents erosive tooth wear in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Almohefer
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, London, Northern Ireland United Kingdom.
| | - Rebecca Moazzez
- Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, London, Northern Ireland United Kingdom.
| | - David Bartlett
- Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, London, Northern Ireland United Kingdom.
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Habashi W, Bader-Farraj A, Shpack N, Beitlitum I, May H, Sarig R. Three-Dimensional Surface Texture Analysis of Fluoride's Effect on Enamel Erosion. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194528. [PMID: 34640545 PMCID: PMC8509756 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel erosion has become a common clinical finding that often impairs dental esthetics and function. In the current study, we aimed to implement the three-dimensional surface texture analysis (3DST) method to explore the protective effect of fluoride on surface texture prior to erosive conditions. For each of the 50 teeth used in this study, the polished buccal enamel surface was divided into three separate areas: the first area was untouched polished enamel, the two other surfaces were immersed in 0.3% citric acid for 30 s. One was treated with high-concentration (19,000 ppm) sodium fluoride (NaF) solution prior to acid attack, and the other had no treatment prior to acid exposure. Enamel surface texture and step height measurements were obtained using a high-resolution disk scanning confocal microscope, and SEM images were also acquired. Surfaces treated with fluoride showed fewer variations in 3-D surface texture parameters than the eroded surface compared to the control group (p = 0.001). This was in accordance with the SEM descriptive images. The findings indicate that pre-fluoridated enamel areas were less affected by the acid and showed similar features to the untouched enamel. Moreover, a protective effect of the fluoride treatment against irreversible enamel damage was noted as the surface loss (step-height) was significantly reduced (p = 0.03). The study showed that 3DST analysis is a valuable methodology for detecting and quantifying subtle differences between the surfaces. When exploring the combination of all surface texture parameters, it was revealed that the pre-fluoridated eroded enamel surfaces showed considerable similarity to the untouched enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Habashi
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Amal Bader-Farraj
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Nir Shpack
- Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Ilan Beitlitum
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implants, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Hila May
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Rachel Sarig
- Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (W.H.); (A.B.-F.)
- The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-640-6569
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Static Cyclic Fatigue Resistance in Abrupt Curvature, Surface Topography, and Torsional Strength of R-Pilot and ProGlider Glide Path Instruments. J Endod 2021; 47:1924-1932. [PMID: 34534555 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare ProGlider (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and R-Pilot (VDW, Munich, Germany) instruments in terms of their cyclic fatigue resistance using an artificial stainless steel canal showing an abrupt apical curvature, torsional resistance according to the ISO specification, and topographic changes on the instrument surface after glide path management in mesial canals of mandibular first molars with the abrupt curvature selected based on their micro-computed tomographic examination. METHODS Eighty instruments were used: 40 ProGlider (size 0.16, .02v taper) and 40 R-Pilot (size 0.125, .04 taper) instruments. The cyclic fatigue resistance was tested in a static test model using an artificial canal with an abrupt apical curvature (angle of curvature of 90° and radius of curvature of 2 mm). The torsional resistance test was performed according to ISO 3630-1 specifications. To determine surface topography of the unused and used instruments, mesial root canals of mandibular molars with an abrupt apical curvature were selected to prepare a glide path with either the ProGlider or R-Pilot instrument. An optical profilometer and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the surface properties. Normally distributed torsional and cyclic resistance data were analyzed using the Student t test, whereas quantitative data obtained by the optical profilometer were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis H test with a 5% significance threshold. RESULTS The R-Pilot showed significantly higher cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance than the ProGlider (P < .05). Angular deflection values were similar between instruments (P < .05). Measurements made from the blade area showed that the surface roughness values of the ProGlider were larger. Cutting blade measurements showed that unused instruments had significantly greater roughness values than used ones (P < .05). Although there was a 14% increase between the blade edge radii of the used and unused R-Pilot instruments, this difference was determined as 61% in ProGlider instruments. CONCLUSIONS The R-Pilot exhibited greater cyclic fatigue strength than the ProGlider when tested in an artificial canal with an inner diameter of 1.0 mm and an abrupt apical curvature. Torsional resistance of the R-Pilot was higher than the ProGlider, but the angular deflection values were similar. Glide path preparation in a mesial root canal with an abrupt apical curvature did not increase the surface roughness of both instruments but resulted in a greater blade edge radius.
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Abstract
The difficulty in obtaining human teeth that are caries-free that have similar environmental exposure, e.g., diet intake and water fluoridation has lead researchers to opt for bovine teeth as a substitute for erosion studies. Bovine mandibular incisors are readily available at abattoirs and often originate from the same region and are likely to consume similar dietary intake. The bovine teeth for erosion or abrasion studies usually undergo specimen preparation to produce a "flat surface" baseline specimen. Among other terms used to define baseline specimens for erosion and abrasion studies include phrases like "optically flat" and "flat and smooth surface." However, these terms might have no quantitative value as it does not justify the actual surface characteristics of the prepared flattened surface. In dentistry, roughness average (Ra) is the most commonly used parameter when reporting the roughness of specimens Reporting Ra alone might not be sufficient as it does not provide information regarding the surface texture as there is no distinction between valleys and peaks, nor does it provide information about the core structure of a material unlike the bearing area curve. The incorporation of Ra and BAP values in baseline specimens has the potential in predicting the wear or lubricating potential of these specimens. Furthermore, standardization of baseline specimens by acknowledging its surface roughness values ensures comparability of erosion and abrasion studies as different specimen preparation technique might influence the outcome or results of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Ishak
- Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - James Field
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew German
- School of Dental Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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Kudkuli J, Agrawal A, Gurjar OP, Sharma SD, Rekha PD, Manzoor MAP, Singh B, Rao BS, Abdulla R. Demineralization of tooth enamel following radiation therapy; An in vitro microstructure and microhardness analysis. J Cancer Res Ther 2020; 16:612-618. [PMID: 32719276 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of radiotherapy doses on mineral density and percentage mineral volume of human permanent tooth enamel. Materials and Methods Synchrotron radiation Xray microcomputed tomography (SRμCT) and microhardness testing were carried out on 8 and 20 tooth samples, respectively. Enamel mineral density was derived from SRμCT technique using ImageJ software. Microhardness samples were subjected to Vickers indentations followed by calculation of microhardness and percentage mineral volume values using respective mathematical measures. Data were analyzed using paired t-test at a significance level of 5%. Qualitative analysis of the enamel microstructure was done with two-dimensional projection images and scanned electron micrographs using μCT and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results Vickers microhardness and SRμCT techniques showed a decrease in microhardness and an increase in mineral density, respectively, in postirradiated samples. These changes were related to mineral density variation and alteration of hydroxyapatite crystal lattice in enamel surface. Enamel microstructure showed key features such as microporosities and loss of smooth homogeneous surface. These indicate tribological loss and delamination of enamel which might lead to radiation caries. Conclusions Tooth surface loss might be a major contributing factor for radiation caries in head-and-neck cancer patients prescribed to radiotherapy. Such direct effects of radiotherapy cause enamel abrasion, delamination, and damage to the dentinoenamel junction. Suitable measures should, therefore, be worked out to protect nontarget oral tissues such as teeth while delivering effective dosages to target regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Kudkuli
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India
| | - Ashish Agrawal
- Imaging Beamline (BL-4), BARC Beamline Section, Technical Physics Division, Indus-2, RRCAT, Indore, India
| | - Om Prakash Gurjar
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Dutt Sharma
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Department of Health Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P D Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India
| | | | - Balwant Singh
- Imaging Beamline (BL-4), BARC Beamline Section, Technical Physics Division, Indus-2, RRCAT, Indore, India
| | - B S Rao
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India
| | - Riaz Abdulla
- Depatment of Biomaterials & Research centre, Department of Oral pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India
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Ferreira FG, da Silva EM, Vilella ODV. A Novel Method Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Human Dental Enamel Subjected to Ceramic Bracket Debonding. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2020; 26:1053-1060. [PMID: 32843117 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927620024319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to present a method using confocal laser scanning microscopy for three-dimensional analysis of human dental enamel subjected to ceramic bracket debonding. The labial enamel surfaces of three upper central incisors were prepared and mounted in the form of standardized specimens. A sample repositioning protocol was established to enable surface measurement and analysis before and after bracket debonding. Observations were made of representative areas measuring 1,280 × 1,280 μm2, in the center of the enamel samples, as well as of the total topography (2,500 × 3,500 μm) of the bonding areas provided by the equipment software. Noncontact three-dimensional high-resolution image analyses revealed the capabilities of the employed technique and methodology to permit the examination of specific characteristics and alterations on the surfaces, before and after the debonding and finishing procedures. The new protocol was effective to provide qualitative and quantitative assessments of changes on the same dental surfaces at different trial times. The methodology constitutes a feasible tool for revealing the effects of debonding of ceramic brackets on sound and previously injured dental enamel surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano G Ferreira
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro24020-140, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M da Silva
- Analitical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials - LABiom-R, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro24020-140, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo de V Vilella
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro24020-140, Brazil
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Kim G, Roh BD, Park SH, Shin SJ, Shin Y. Effect of tooth-brushing with a microcurrent on dentinal tubule occlusion. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:766-772. [PMID: 32404565 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tooth-brushing with a microcurrent was effective in inducing dentinal tubule occlusion. The specific aims of the study were (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of tooth-brushing with a microcurrent on dentinal tubule occlusion by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and (2) to compare the dentinal fluid flow rate after tooth-brushing with a microcurrent by using a sub-nanoliter-scaled fluid flow measuring device (NFMD). All experimental groups showed partially occluded dentinal tubules and crystal-like structures at a specific microcurrent intensity indicated that tooth-brushing with a microcurrent could efficiently occlude dentinal tubules. The decrease in dentinal fluid flow rate in the tooth-brushing with microcurrents group indicated that dentinal tubules were occluded and the flow of dentinal fluid had decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangjae Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University
| | - Byoung-Duck Roh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University
| | - Sung-Ho Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University
| | - Su-Jung Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University
| | - Yooseok Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University
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Augusto MG, Dantas DCB, de Andrade GS, Matuda AGN, Lopes SR, Barcellos DC, Pucci CR. Scanning electron microscopy comparison of the resin-dentin interface using different specimen preparation methods. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:945-948. [PMID: 32277849 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Microscopy has been widely used to complement the data of studies related to dentin bonding; however, different specimen preparation methods may influence the analysis. Aiming to contribute to the reported scenario, this study evaluated the effect of two specimen-sectioning methods (cleavage and diamond disk cut) on the quality of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Four crowns of human molars were selected and had an area of approximately 6 mm2 of dentin exposed. They were then divided into two groups according to the universal adhesive application: total and self-etching modes. Then, composite blocks were built up and the specimens were stored in deionized water to allow the postcuring. The specimens were further divided according to the sectioning method: cleavage or diamond disk cut. Four specimens were obtained from each tooth. They were desiccated, placed on aluminum stubs, sputter-coated with gold, and observed in a scanning electron microscope, with ×2000 of magnification. The quality of the SEM images were evaluated by two calibrated examiners and classified into four scores (1-4). Mann-Whitney test (p < .05) showed that the diamond disk provided significantly higher scores than cleavage, whereas no significant difference was observed when comparing the total-etching and self-etching modes of application. The diamond disk cut method is preferable to the cleavage method to ensure the quality of the SEM analysis in studies involving the resin-dentin interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Augusto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Debora C B Dantas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Guilherme S de Andrade
- Department of Prothodontics and Dental Materials, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Amanda G N Matuda
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Stephanie R Lopes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Daphne C Barcellos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Cesar R Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Time-dependent effects after enamel fluoride application on an acid etching system in orthodontic bracket bonding. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:497-505. [PMID: 32556578 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effectiveness of acid etching and bond strength in an orthodontic bonding system in accordance with various time periods after 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS APF gel was applied on the enamel surface of bovine teeth, which were assigned to group F0. The tooth specimens were then immersed in distilled water for 1 (F1), 7 (F7), 14 (F14), 21 (F21) and 28 (F28) days. A group without fluoride pretreatment was a control group. All groups were etched with 35% phosphoric acid and evaluated using a surface hardness tester and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine, and the bond failure modes were also examined. RESULTS After the 1.23% APF gel treatment, the hardness of the acid-etched enamel surface decreased as the immersion period increased. SEM images of the test groups showed etched patterns similar to control group as the immersion period increased. The SBS increased with increasing immersion period, whereas group F21 was not significantly different from the control group. Relatively high adhesive remnant index scores were identified as the ageing period increased. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that in order to obtain suitable bond strength, it is recommended to use an acid etching-based bonding system for the fixation of orthodontic appliances on the enamel surface 21 days after the use of APF gel. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fluoride pre-treatment interferes with the acid etching effects on enamel, causing a reduction in the bond strength with orthodontic brackets.
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Comparison of Root Surface Wear and Roughness Resulted from Different Ultrasonic Scalers and Polishing Devices Applied on Human Teeth: An In-Vitro Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8010055. [PMID: 32155974 PMCID: PMC7151259 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the root surface wear and roughness, resulted from the professional dental hygiene instruments, including ultrasonic dental scalers, rubber prophy cups, and nylon bristle brushes, on the extracted human mandibular incisor teeth. Teeth (n = 80) were randomly assigned into eight groups according to the applied scaler type (Ma = Magnetostrictive, Pi = Piezoelectric), degree of power (M = Medium, F = Full), and angulation (0° and 45°). In the second stage, the specimens (n = 40) were further divided into two groups according to the applied polishing device (nylon bristle brush or rubber prophy cup). Laser scanner and contact profilometer devices were used for the surface analysis. Both ultrasonic instruments tested in our study produced rougher surfaces when full power was used at a 0° angle (p < 0.01). The highest wear (0.82 ± 0.07 mm3) and roughness values (0.30 ± 0.01 µm) were detected in the PiF0 group. Polishing performed with a rubber prophy cup resulted in almost twice the wear as well as a smoother surface when compared to polishing performed with a nylon bristle brush (p < 0.001). Variations in the application parameters of ultrasonic scalers and the type of polishing instrument might lead to significantly different root-surface characteristics.
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Rajeev G, Lewis AJ, N S. A time based objective evaluation of the erosive effects of various beverages on enamel and cementum of deciduous and permanent teeth. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e1-e8. [PMID: 31976037 PMCID: PMC6969956 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Erosion of the teeth is a chronic irreversible process leading to loss of surface enamel and even the dentin, in turn causing sensitivity and pain. Increased consumption of carbonated beverages remains a major cause for dental erosion. However, many of the so called safe beverages that are consumed may also have sufficiently low pH to cause dental erosion. One of the parameters to measure the dental erosion is estimation of hardness and surface roughness. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the difference in hardness and surface roughness of enamel and cementum using three beverages namely (carbonated drink, lime soda, lime juice) in deciduous and permanent teeth.
Material and Methods Ten permanent and three deciduous teeth samples each were kept in lime juice, lime soda, carbonated beverage and tap water. The VHN using Vickers hardness tester and Ra value using surface profilometer were assessed at baseline, 1 day and 10 days.
Results At the end of 10 days the decrease in hardness of enamel of permanent teeth was maximum for teeth immersed in carbonated beverage followed by lime soda and lime juice. However, in the deciduous teeth it was observed that the VHN drop was maximum at 1 day in relation to teeth immersed in carbonated beverage followed by lime juice and lime soda. The hardness of cementum decreased significantly at the end of ten days both in deciduous as well as permanent teeth.
Conclusions The present study shows that many of the most commonly used beverages like lime juice and lime soda have a sufficiently low pH to cause erosion of the enamel surface as well as that of cementum of both deciduous and permanent teeth. Though protective mechanisms do exist in the oral cavity to neutralize the acids present in these beverages, continuous usage of these beverages leads to irreversible damage to the tooth structure. Key words:Dental erosion, hardness, surface roughness, permanent teeth, deciduous teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Rajeev
- Former Student. Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
| | - Amitha J Lewis
- Associate Professor. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology. Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. Light House Hill Road, Mangalore -575001. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
| | - Srikant N
- Professor and Head. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology. Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
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Alnasser M, Finkelman M, Papathanasiou A, Suzuki M, Ghaffari R, Ali A. Effect of acidic pH on surface roughness of esthetic dental materials. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:567.e1-567.e8. [PMID: 31699448 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Exposure to gastric acid in patients with bulimia nervosa and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) causes demineralization of hard tooth structures. This chemical attack also causes the degradation of dental ceramics, which results in increased surface roughness and reduced strength. However, studies comparing the effect of acidic pH on resin matrix ceramic with other computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) esthetic materials are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the surface roughness changes of different CAD-CAM restorative dental materials after exposure to acidic pH by using a 3D optical interferometer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five esthetic CAD-CAM block materials, a leucite glass-ceramic (IPS Empress CAD), a zirconia (BruxZir Solid Zirconia), a resin matrix ceramic (VITA Enamic), a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), and a feldspathic porcelain (VITABLOCS Mark II CAD) were tested. Eighteen specimens were sectioned from CAD-CAM blocks into 2-mm-thick rectangular plates and immersed in 10 mL of 5% hydrochloric acid (HCl) with (pH=2) at 37 °C for 45 and 91 hours. The surface roughness average (Ra) of the specimens was measured by using a 3D optical interferometer before the storage period (baseline), after 45 hours, and after 91 hours of exposure to HCl. Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the post hoc Dunn test with Bonferroni correction (α=.05). RESULTS Regarding the comparison of surface roughness changes at different periods of evaluation (baseline, 45 hours, 91 hours), there were no statistically significant differences for lithium disilicate (P=.063) or zirconia (P=.513). Leucite glass-ceramic, feldspathic porcelain, and the resin matrix ceramic demonstrated statistically significant differences (P<.001). For all tests that were statistically significant, greater surface roughness was found at the time point with the longer HCl exposure. Regarding the comparison of materials in terms of change in surface roughness between baseline to 45 hours and baseline to 91 hours, the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated a statistically significant difference among the materials in both cases (P<.001). Lithium disilicate and zirconia exhibited the least change in surface roughness among the 5 materials. CONCLUSIONS Leucite glass-ceramic, feldspathic porcelain, and resin matrix ceramic showed statistically significant increases in surface roughness when they were exposed to simulated gastric acid for 45 and 91 hours. Lithium disilicate and zirconia showed no statistically significant change in surface roughness after exposure to HCl for 45 and 91 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsen Alnasser
- Resident, Advanced Graduate Education in Implantology, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass.
| | - Matthew Finkelman
- Associate Professor, Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Aikaterini Papathanasiou
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Marcelo Suzuki
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Ruby Ghaffari
- Associate Professor, Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Ala Ali
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
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Mitic AD, Gasic JZ, Barac RG, Radenkovic GS, Sunaric SM, Popovic JZ, Nikolic MM. Ultrastructural changes in the cemento-enamel junction caused by acidic beverages: An in vitro study. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:91-98. [PMID: 31637811 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present in vitro study was aimed at evaluating the morphological changes in the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) after exposure to acidic beverages using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The initial pH and titratable acidity (TA) was analyzed from follow groups: (I) Coca cola, (II) orange juice, (III) Cedevita, (IV) Red Bull, (V) Somersby cider, and (VI) white wine. The CEJ samples (n = 64), obtained from unerupted third molars, were allocated to one control (artificial saliva, n = 16) and six experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental samples were immersed in beverages (50 ml) for 15 min, three times daily, 10 days, and in artificial saliva between immersions. SEM analysis was performed in a blind manner, according to scoring scale. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests, as well as Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test used for statistical analysis. The pH values of the acidic beverages ranged from 2.65 (Coca cola) to 3.73 (orange juice), and TA ranged from 1.90 ml (Coca cola) to 5.70 ml (orange juice) of NaOH to reach pH 7.0. The SEM analysis indicated statistically significant differences between the control samples and those immersed in acidic beverages. The Groups IV, I, and II, showed the highest CEJ damage grade while those of the Group VI were the lowest. All the tested acidic beverages caused morphological changes in the CEJ with a smaller or larger exposure of dentine surface, and were not always related to the pH or TA of acidic beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar D Mitic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinic of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Z Gasic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinic of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Radomir G Barac
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinic of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Goran S Radenkovic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Slavica M Sunaric
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Jelena Z Popovic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinic of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Marija M Nikolic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Clinic of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
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Santos EJLD, Meira IA, Sousa ETD, Amaechi BT, Sampaio FC, Oliveira AFBD. Erosive potential of soy-based beverages on dental enamel. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:340-346. [PMID: 30741104 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1570330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the erosive potential of soy-based beverages in comparison to fruit juices of the same flavor. METHODS Human enamel blocks were randomly divided into 9 groups (n = 8), according to the beverage category (soy or non-soy juices). The initial pH, TA and β at the original pH value were measured in triplicate. The composition of calcium, phosphate and total protein was analyzed using the specific colorimetric method. The fluoride analysis was performed using a selective electrode. The degree of saturation (DS) and the critical pH (CpH) of each beverage with respect to hydroxyapatite (HAp) and fluorapatite (FAp) were calculated using the computational software. Enamel samples were immersed into 67.5 mL of each drink for 120 minutes. Enamel surface loss (ESL) and differences in surface roughness (ΔRaE-S) were analyzed by a 3D non-contact profilometer. RESULTS Non-soy beverages exhibited the lowest pH values (2.93 to 3.40). The highest values of calcium concentration were founded in soy-based formulations. Juices with soy in their composition tend to have high DS when compared with non-soy based beverages (p = .0571). Soy beverages produced less ESL than non-soy beverages (p < .05). ΔRaE-S was not significantly different between the categories. The ESL and ΔRaE-S were positively correlated with initial pH and buffering capacity in soy-based beverages. On the other hand, in non-soy beverages, the ESL was negatively correlated with the TA to 7.0 and the fluoride composition whereas the ΔRaE-S was negatively correlated with the TA to 5.5. CONCLUSIONS The erosive potential of soy beverages was lower than non-soy based beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis Janaína Lira Dos Santos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Andrade Meira
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Emerson Tavares De Sousa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Fábio Correia Sampaio
- Department of Clinical and Public Health dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Fischer NG, Dang J, Takamizawa T, Tsujimoto A, Barkmeier WW, Baruth AG. The role of spatial frequency analysis in correlating atomic force microscopy and optical profilometry with self-etch adhesive enamel bond fatigue durability. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1419-1429. [PMID: 31099955 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to: (a) evaluate the role of enamel surface roughness on bond fatigue durability and (b) evaluate statistical differences in roughness values based on measurement technique, including the use of spatial filtering for optical profilometry (OP). OptiBond XTR (Kerr Corp), Prime & Bond elect (DENTSPLY Caulk), Scotchbond Universal (3 M Oral Care), and XTR pre-etched with Ultra-Etch phosphoric acid (35%) (Ultradent) self-etch adhesives were used to treat enamel. A flat ground enamel surface was included as a control. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and OP were used to measure the surface topography of each enamel surface following the application of adhesives. AFM, OP, and filtered OP (FOP) roughness values, where FOP was designed to only include the lateral spatial resolution consistent with AFM roughness values, were collected. Spatial resolution filtering with OriginPro was used to compare line scans from the two imaging techniques and generate the FOP group. These micro- versus nanoscale lateral roughness values were correlated with shear bond and shear fatigue strengths of the adhesives bonded to enamel. Roughness values showed differences based on measurement technique and strong correlations with bond and fatigue strength. The filtered OP group demonstrated the importance of careful usage and reporting of atomic force microscopy and OP metrics in adhesive dentistry. Best practices for surface roughness analysis were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jonathan Dang
- Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Toshiki Takamizawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wayne W Barkmeier
- Department of General Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Andrew G Baruth
- Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
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Impact of surface micromorphology and demineralization severity on enamel loss measurements by cross-polarization optical coherence tomography. J Dent 2019; 81:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Nagura Y, Tsujimoto A, Fischer NG, Baruth AG, Barkmeier WW, Takamizawa T, Latta MA, Miyazaki M. Effect of Reduced Universal Adhesive Application Time on Enamel Bond Fatigue and Surface Morphology. Oper Dent 2019; 44:42-53. [DOI: 10.2341/17-261-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced application times of universal adhesives on enamel bond fatigue and surface morphology of the treated enamel with constant force atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Methods:
Four universal adhesives—Adhese Universal (AU), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CU), G-Premio Bond (GP), and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU)—were evaluated in a laboratory for their ability to adhesively bond resin composite to enamel. Shear bond strengths were initially determined using 15 specimens per test group for each adhesive. Shear fatigue strengths were then determined using 20 specimens per test group for each the adhesives. The fatigue specimens were loaded using a sine wave at a frequency of 20 Hz for 50,000 cycles or until failure occurred. AFM observations, surface Ra roughness measurements, and geometric surface area evaluations of enamel surface treated with the adhesive agents were also conducted.
Results:
A strong relationship was found between the initial shear bond strength and shear fatigue strength for enamel surface Ra roughness but not for geometric surface area. The initial shear bond strength and shear fatigue strength of CU and GP were not influenced by different application times, unlike those of AU and SU. While the surface area of enamel treated with the adhesive agents was not significantly influenced by different application times and type of adhesive, surface Ra roughness of the enamel in the AU and SU groups significantly increased with increasing application time, unlike CU and GP.
Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that universal adhesives, used with reduced application times, have adequate Ra surface roughness to provide sufficient resistance to enamel bond fatigue at application times from <1 second to 20 seconds, while the geometric surface area of adhesive-treated enamel did not show any significant changes at these different application times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagura
- Yuko Nagura, graduate student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Tsujimoto
- Akimasa Tsujimoto, assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - NG Fischer
- Nicholas G Fischer, graduate student, MDRCBB, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - AG Baruth
- Andrew G Baruth, associate professor, Department of Physics, Creighton University College of Arts and Science, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - WW Barkmeier
- Wayne W Barkmeier, special professor and dean emeritus, Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - T Takamizawa
- Toshiki Takamizawa, associate professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - MA Latta
- Mark A Latta, professor and dean, Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - M Miyazaki
- Masashi Miyazaki, professor and chair, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Comparative evaluation of surface roughness of posterior primary zirconia crowns. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 20:33-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Comparison of efficacy of dental varnish containing fluoride either with CPP-ACP or bioglass on root caries: Ex vivo study. J Dent 2018; 73:91-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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30
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Wulfman C, Koenig V, Mainjot AK. Wear measurement of dental tissues and materials in clinical studies: A systematic review. Dent Mater 2018; 34:825-850. [PMID: 29627079 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to systematically review the different methods used for wear measurement of dental tissues and materials in clinical studies, their relevance and reliability in terms of accuracy and precision, and the performance of the different steps of the workflow taken independently. METHODS An exhaustive search of clinical studies related to wear of dental tissues and materials reporting a quantitative measurement method was conducted. MedLine, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were used. Prospective studies, pilot studies and case series (>10 patients), as long as they contained a description of wear measurement methodology. Only studies published after 1995 were considered. RESULTS After duplicates' removal, 495 studies were identified, and 41 remained for quantitative analysis. Thirty-four described wear-measurement protocols, using digital profilometry and superimposition, whereas 7 used alternative protocols. A specific form was designed to analyze the risk of bias. The methods were described in terms of material analyzed; study design; device used for surface acquisition; matching software details and settings; type of analysis (vertical height-loss measurement vs volume loss measurement); type of area investigated (entire occlusal area or selective areas); and results. SINIFICANCE There is a need of standardization of clinical wear measurement. Current methods exhibit accuracy, which is not sufficient to monitor wear of restorative materials and tooth tissues. Their performance could be improved, notably limiting the use of replicas, using standardized calibration procedures and positive controls, optimizing the settings of scanners and matching softwares, and taking into account unusable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wulfman
- Unité de Recherches en Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces (URB2i) - EA442, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité and Service d'odontologie, Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France.
| | - V Koenig
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU) and Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - A K Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU) and Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
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Mullan F, Mylonas P, Parkinson C, Bartlett D, Austin R. Precision of 655 nm Confocal Laser Profilometry for 3D surface texture characterisation of natural human enamel undergoing dietary acid mediated erosive wear. Dent Mater 2018; 34:531-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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AlShehab AH, AlHazoom AA, Alowa MH, AlAli HA, Abdulmohsen AA, Farooq I. Effect of bristle stiffness of manual toothbrushes on normal and demineralized human enamel-An in vitro profilometric study. Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 16:e128-e132. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AH AlShehab
- Dental Intern; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - AA AlHazoom
- Dental Intern; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - MH Alowa
- Dental Intern; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - HA AlAli
- Dental Intern; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - AA Abdulmohsen
- Dental Intern; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - I Farooq
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam Saudi Arabia
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Fracture-free surfaces of CAD/CAM lithium metasilicate glass-ceramic using micro-slurry jet erosion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 80:59-67. [PMID: 29414476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the use of micro-slurry jet erosion (MSJE) on CAD/CAM lithium mesilicate glass ceramic (LMGC) that is capable of achieving the fracture-free surface quality. A computer-controlled MSJE process using a low-pressure and low-concentration alumina slurry was applied to diamond-ground LMGC surfaces with surface and subsurface damage. The MSJE processed and diamond-ground LMGC surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine surface morphology, fractures, and residual defects. 3D confocal laser microscopy (CLM) was used to quantitatively characterize all machined surface textures as a function of processing conditions. Our results show that surface and subsurface damage induced in diamond-ground surfaces were significantly diminished after 50-cycle MSJE processing. Fracture-free surfaces were obtained after 100 MSJE cycles. Our measured parameters of the 3D surface topography included the average surface roughness, maximum peak-valley height, highest peak height, lowest valley height, and kurtosis and absolute skewness of height distributions. All these parameters were significantly reduced with the increase of MSJE cycles. This work implies that MSJE promises to be an effective manufacturing technique for the generation of fracture-free LMGC surfaces which are crucial for high-quality monolithic restorations made from the material.
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Lutovac M, Popova OV, Macanovic G, Kristina R, Lutovac B, Ketin S, Biocanin R. Testing the Effect of Aggressive Beverage on the Damage of Enamel Structure. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2017; 5:987-993. [PMID: 29362633 PMCID: PMC5771309 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dental erosion is a common problem in modern societies, owing to the increased consumption of acid drinks such as soft drinks, sports drinks, fruit juice. Examining the enamel surface with the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) enables more precise registering and defining the changes of enamel surface structure and microhardness. This method can be used to compare the efficiency of application of different preventive and therapy materials and medicaments in dentistry. The chronic regular consumption of low pH cola drinks encouraged the erosion of the teeth. The loss of anatomy and sensitivity are direct results of acid cola dissolving coronal tooth material. Under the influence of coca cola, a change of crystal structure and nanomorphology on enamel surface occurs. AIM: This paper reflects dental damage from abusive cola drinking, and the clinical presentation can be explained from data presented in this thesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial was conducted on a total of 40 extracted teeth which were divided into two groups treated with the solution of coca cola during 5 minutes, and then prepared and tested with a standard AFM procedure, type SPM-5200. Quantitative analysis was performed by comparing the roughness parameters (Ra) of the treated and non-treated sample. RESULTS: Based on the test of a hypothesis of the existence of differences between the treated and untreated sample, with an application of a t-test, it is shown that there are statistically highly significant differences between Ra of the treated sample with a 5-minute treatment of coca cola and Ra of the same sample without the treatment. CONCLUSION: Use of AFM enables successful monitoring of changes on enamel surface as well as the interpretation of the ultrastructural configuration of the crystal stage and the damage created under the influence of different external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sonja Ketin
- University of Novi Sad, Square Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rade Biocanin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health in Travnik, Travnik, Serbia
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35
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Nam SH, Ok SM, Kim GC. Tooth bleaching with low-temperature plasma lowers surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans
adhesion. Int Endod J 2017; 51:479-488. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-H. Nam
- Department of Dental Hygiene; Kangwon National University; Samcheok Korea
| | - S.-M. Ok
- Department of Oral Medicine; Institute of Translational Dental Sciences; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
- Dental Research Institute; Pusan National University Dental Hospital; Yangsan Korea
| | - G.-C. Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy; School of Dentistry; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
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36
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Ferreira FG, Barbosa IB, Scelza P, Montagnana MB, Russano D, Neff J, Scelza MZ. Noncontact three-dimensional evaluation of surface alterations and wear in NiTi endodontic instruments. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e74. [PMID: 29019548 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to undertake a qualitative and quantitative assessment of nanoscale alterations and wear on the surfaces of nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments, before and after use, through a high-resolution, noncontact, three-dimensional optical profiler, and to verify the accuracy of the evaluation method. Cutting blade surfaces of two different brands of NiTi endodontic instruments, Reciproc R25 (n = 5) and WaveOne Primary (n = 5), were examined and compared before and after two uses in simulated root canals made in clear resin blocks. The analyses were performed on three-dimensional images which were obtained from surface areas measuring 211 × 211 µm, located 3 mm from their tips. The quantitative evaluation of the samples was conducted before and after the first and second usage, by the recordings of three amplitude parameters. The data were subjected to statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. The results revealed statistically significant increases in the surface wear of both instruments groups after the second use. The presence of irregularities was found on the surface topography of all the instruments, before and after use. Regardless of the evaluation stage, most of the defects were observed in the WaveOne instruments. The three-dimensional technique was suitable and effective for the accurate investigation of the same surfaces of the instruments in different periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Bastos Barbosa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Department of Endodontics, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pantaleo Scelza
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Department of Endodontics, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Russano
- Zygo Corporation, Middlefield, CT, United States of America
| | - John Neff
- Zygo Corporation, Middlefield, CT, United States of America
| | - Miriam Zaccaro Scelza
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Department of Endodontics, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
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The Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorf Calcium Phosphate and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Gel on Dental Erosion in Primary Teeth: An in Vitro Study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017. [PMID: 28650787 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-41.4.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calciumphosphate (CPP-ACP) on the dental erosion produced by carbonated soft drink in primary teeth. STUDY DESIGN This study evaluated by an in vitro model the effect of APF gel and CPP-ACP on the dental enamel previously subjected to erosive challenge with carbonated soft drink. Sixty sound human primary molars were prepared by embedding the crown sections in acrylic resin blocks leaving the enamel surfaces exposed. The surface roughness of the enamel was measured with prophilometry at baseline. Specimens were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n:20): artificial saliva, CPP-ACP, 1.23% APF gel. All specimens were then exposed to an erosive challenge of carbonated soft drink and artificial saliva for 20 cycles of 20 seconds each. Demineralization-remineralization cycles was repeated twice at eight-hour intervals and roughness values were measured. Enamel samples were treated with artificial saliva, CPP-ACP, 1.23% APF gel applied for 10 min after erosive challenge. The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) readings were recorded after remineralization agents were applied. RESULTS The mean surface roughness in all groups increased significantly after erosion process and decreased after remineralization treatment. After treatment, the mean surface roughness of the 1.23% APF gel group was significantly less than the other groups and the mean surface roughness of the artificial saliva group was significantly more than the other groups. 1.23% APF gel showed the highest protective effect against erosive enamel loss. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this study, artificial saliva, CPP-ACP and 1.23% APF treatments were able to reduce erosive enamel loss produced by carbonated soft drink in primary teeth. However, 1.23% APF gel showed the highest protective effect against erosive enamel loss.
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Mutahar M, Carpenter G, Bartlett D, German M, Moazzez R. The presence of acquired enamel pellicle changes acid-induced erosion from dissolution to a softening process. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10920. [PMID: 28883656 PMCID: PMC5589892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Erosive wear undermines the structural properties of enamel resulting in irreversible enamel loss. A thin protein layer formed from natural saliva on tooth surfaces, acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), protects against erosive wear. The exact components in saliva responsible for such protection are not yet known. We prepared three solutions containing different components: proteins and ions [natural saliva (NS)], minerals with no proteins [artificial saliva (AS)] and neither proteins nor ions [deionised water (DW)]. To assess the protection of the three solutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immersed in the corresponding solution for 24 h. All specimens were then exposed to five erosion cycles, each consisted of a further 30 min immersion in the same solution followed by 10-min erosion. Mean step height using a non-contacting profilometer, mean surface microhardness (SMH) using Knoop microhardness tester (final SMH), and roughness and 2D profiles using atomic force microscopy were measured after five cycles. The final SMH values were compared to the starting values (after 24 hr). NS group had significantly less tissue loss but greater SMH change (P < 0.0001) than AS and DW groups. Specimens in NS were softer and rougher (P < 0.001) but less eroded than specimens in AS and DW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mutahar
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy Carpenter
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - David Bartlett
- Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew German
- Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Moazzez
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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Mullan F, Austin RS, Parkinson CR, Hasan A, Bartlett DW. Measurement of surface roughness changes of unpolished and polished enamel following erosion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182406. [PMID: 28771562 PMCID: PMC5542659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine if Sa roughness data from measuring one central location of unpolished and polished enamel were representative of the overall surfaces before and after erosion. Methods Twenty human enamel sections (4x4 mm) were embedded in bis-acryl composite and randomised to either a native or polishing enamel preparation protocol. Enamel samples were subjected to an acid challenge (15 minutes 100 mL orange juice, pH 3.2, titratable acidity 41.3mmol OH/L, 62.5 rpm agitation, repeated for three cycles). Median (IQR) surface roughness [Sa] was measured at baseline and after erosion from both a centralised cluster and four peripheral clusters. Within each cluster, five smaller areas (0.04 mm2) provided the Sa roughness data. Results For both unpolished and polished enamel samples there were no significant differences between measuring one central cluster or four peripheral clusters, before and after erosion. For unpolished enamel the single central cluster had a median (IQR) Sa roughness of 1.45 (2.58) μm and the four peripheral clusters had a median (IQR) of 1.32 (4.86) μm before erosion; after erosion there were statistically significant reductions to 0.38 (0.35) μm and 0.34 (0.49) μm respectively (p<0.0001). Polished enamel had a median (IQR) Sa roughness 0.04 (0.17) μm for the single central cluster and 0.05 (0.15) μm for the four peripheral clusters which statistically significantly increased after erosion to 0.27 (0.08) μm for both (p<0.0001). Conclusion Measuring one central cluster of unpolished and polished enamel was representative of the overall enamel surface roughness, before and after erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mullan
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Rupert S. Austin
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adam Hasan
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Bartlett
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
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Mullan F, Paraskar S, Bartlett D, Olley R. Effects of tooth-brushing force with a desensitising dentifrice on dentine tubule patency and surface roughness. J Dent 2017; 60:50-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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41
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Gyurkovics M, Baumann T, Carvalho TS, Assunção CM, Lussi A. In vitro evaluation of modified surface microhardness measurement, focus variation 3D microscopy and contact stylus profilometry to assess enamel surface loss after erosive-abrasive challenges. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175027. [PMID: 28380015 PMCID: PMC5381902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare surface loss values after erosion-abrasion cycles obtained with modified surface microhardness measurement (mSMH), focus variation 3D microscopy (FVM) and contact stylus profilometry (CSP). We cut human molars into buccal and lingual halves, embedded them in resin and ground 200 μm of enamel away. The resulting surfaces were polished. To maintain a reference area, we applied Block-Out resin to partly cover the enamel surface. The samples were incubated in artificial saliva (37°C; 1 h), then rinsed in deionized water (10 s) and dried with oil-free air (5 s). We immersed the specimens individually in 30 mL citric acid (1%, pH 3.6) for 2 min (25°C, 70 rpm dynamic conditions) before brushing them (50 strokes, 200 g) in an automatic brushing machine with toothpaste-slurry. We calculated the surface loss as per mSMH, by re-measuring the length of the same six indentations made before the abrasive challenge. The experiment consisted of five experimental groups that received between 2 and 10 erosion-abrasion cycles. Each group contained 15 specimens and samples in groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 underwent a total of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 cycles, respectively. The resin was removed from the reference area in one piece under 10× magnification and the FVM and CSP were performed. Agreement between the methods was calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and depicted in Bland-Altman plots. All methods presented a linear pattern of surface loss measurements throughout the experiment, leading overall to a strong, statistically significant correlation between the methods (ICC = 0.85; p<0.001). So, despite the different surface loss values, all methods presented consistent results for surface loss measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milán Gyurkovics
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cristiane Meira Assunção
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Division, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Schäper M, Reimann S, Frentzen M, Meister J. Imaging of Dental Hard Tissue Surfaces Prepared by an Ultrashort Pulsed Laser System (USPL). MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:1189-1197. [PMID: 27938451 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare surface structures of laser-irradiated dental hard tissues using confocal (CFM), atomic force (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The general potential of the AFM in analyzing laser-irradiated surfaces was determined in this context. Specimens of human enamel and dentin were irradiated using an 8.6 W Nd:YVO4 laser with a pulse duration of 8 ps, λ Center=1,064 nm, and a pulse repetition rate of 500 kHz. Surface topology of irradiated areas (1 mm2) was investigated using AFM, CFM, and SEM. Surface roughness R z was measured only with the AFM and the CFM. For non-irradiated enamel and dentin surfaces, roughnesses for CFM and AFM are in the nanometer range. However, major differences in roughness were determined for laser-prepared surfaces. For enamel, R z (CFM)=2.33 μm is much higher compared with R z (AFM)=0.09 μm; in the case of dentin, R z (CFM)=5.35 μm is also much higher compared with R z (AFM)=0.093 μm. Information regarding structural properties of surfaces needs real dimensions, particularly for use in dentistry. In this respect, AFM technology provides no additional results that lead to a significant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schäper
- 1Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty,Bonn University,53111 Bonn,Germany
| | - Susanne Reimann
- 2Oral Technology, Dental Faculty,Bonn University,53111 Bonn,Germany
| | - Matthias Frentzen
- 1Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty,Bonn University,53111 Bonn,Germany
| | - Jörg Meister
- 1Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty,Bonn University,53111 Bonn,Germany
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Ferreira F, Barbosa I, Scelza P, Russano D, Neff J, Montagnana M, Zaccaro Scelza M. A new method for the assessment of the surface topography of NiTi rotary instruments. Int Endod J 2016; 50:902-909. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Ferreira
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University (UFF); Niteroi RJ Brazil
| | - I. Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University (UFF); Niteroi RJ Brazil
| | - P. Scelza
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University (UFF); Niteroi RJ Brazil
| | | | - J. Neff
- Zygo Corporation; Middlefield CT USA
| | | | - M. Zaccaro Scelza
- Department of Endodontics; Fluminense Federal University (UFF); Niteroi RJ Brazil
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44
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Joshi M, Joshi N, Kathariya R, Angadi P, Raikar S. Techniques to Evaluate Dental Erosion: A Systematic Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZE01-ZE07. [PMID: 27891489 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17996.8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews different techniques for evaluating dental erosion, weighs the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, and presents the latest trends in the study of dental erosion. In May 2014, an initial search was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE database of indexed journals from 1975 to 2013 using the following keywords: dental erosion; dental erosion In-vitro; and dental erosion in-vivo. Bibliographic citations from the papers found were then used to find other useful sources. The authors categorize the techniques into three classes: in-vitro, in-vivo and in-vitro/in-vivo. The article discusses the instrumentation required to use each of these techniques, as well as their rationale, merits and applications. The emergence of in-vitro/in-vivo techniques offers the potential to accurately quantify tooth wear in clinical situations. Cross-sectional as well as longitudinal studies show that these techniques will improve diagnosis, treatment planning and management of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Joshi
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Kathariya
- Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Dr. DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prabhakar Angadi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Daswani Dental College and Research Centre , Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sonal Raikar
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, D.Y. Patil Dental School, Ajeenkya D.Y. Patil University , Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Bradna P, Vrbova R, Fialova V, Housova D, Gojisova E. Formation of protective deposits by anti-erosive toothpastes-A microscopic study on enamel with artificial defects. SCANNING 2016; 38:380-388. [PMID: 26492940 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated formation of protective deposits on the enamel surface after application of several anti-erosive toothpastes with different active ingredients. NaF-containing Sensodyne Pronamel, SnCl2 /F-based Elmex Erosion Protection and calcium phosphate-based BioRepair Plus Sensitivity Control, SensiShield and Enamel Care toothpastes with claimed anti-erosive properties were tested. Artificial saliva and Elmex Erosion Protection mouth rinse served as control groups. The toothpastes were applied 30 times by a toothbrush for 2 min per day, mouth rinse for 30 s on polished enamel of thirty five human molars (n = 5) with series of five rhomboid-shaped indents of various length prepared by a Knoop indentor. After 15 and 30 applications, the shape of the indents and surface morphology was characterised using light and scanning electron microscopy. At the end of treatment, the samples were exposed to 0.2 wt. % citric acid (pH 3.30) to test resistance of the treated enamel to erosion. Pronounced differences were observed between protective properties of the toothpastes. While Sensodyne Pronamel and BioRepair Plus Sensitivity Control did not produce any protective deposits, Enamel Care formed a compact layer of deposits which protected the enamel surface against erosion. With Elmex Erosion Protection and SensiShield fractured indent edges and scratches on the treated enamel suggested that their abrasive properties prevailed over ability of active ingredients to form deposits. These results revealed that toothpastes with strong potential to form acid-resistant deposits on the enamel surface and of low abrasivity should be used for effective prevention of enamel erosion. SCANNING 38:380-388, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bradna
- School of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Stomatology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Vrbova
- School of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Fialova
- School of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Devana Housova
- School of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Gojisova
- Department of Stomatology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abou Nader C, Pellen F, Loutfi H, Mansour R, Le Jeune B, Le Brun G, Abboud M. Early diagnosis of teeth erosion using polarized laser speckle imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:71103. [PMID: 26720050 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.7.071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental erosion starts with a chemical attack on dental tissue causing tooth demineralization, altering the tooth structure and making it more sensitive to mechanical erosion. Medical diagnosis of dental erosion is commonly achieved through a visual inspection by the dentist during dental checkups and is therefore highly dependent on the operator's experience. The detection of this disease at preliminary stages is important since, once the damage is done, cares become more complicated. We investigate the difference in light-scattering properties between healthy and eroded teeth. A change in light-scattering properties is observed and a transition from volume to surface backscattering is detected by means of polarized laser speckle imaging as teeth undergo acid etching, suggesting an increase in enamel surface roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Abou Nader
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, LebanonbUniversité de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 938
| | - Fabrice Pellen
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Hadi Loutfi
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Rassoul Mansour
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Bernard Le Jeune
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Guy Le Brun
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Marie Abboud
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
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Hara AT, Livengood SV, Lippert F, Eckert GJ, Ungar PS. Dental Surface Texture Characterization Based on Erosive Tooth Wear Processes. J Dent Res 2016; 95:537-42. [PMID: 26848070 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516629941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential diagnosis of dental wear lesions affects their clinical management. We hypothesized that surface texture parameters can differentiate simulated erosion, abrasion, and erosion-abrasion lesions on human enamel and dentin. This in vitro study comprised 2 parts (both factorial 4 × 2), with 4 lesion types (erosion, abrasion, erosion-abrasion, and sound [no lesion; control]) and 2 substrates (enamel and dentin). Flattened/polished dental specimens were used in part 1, whereas natural dental surfaces were used in part 2. Testing surfaces were evaluated in blind conditions, using average surface roughness (Sa) and the following scale-sensitive fractal analysis parameters: area-scale fractal complexity (Asfc), exact proportion length-scale anisotropy of relief (eplsar), scale of maximum complexity (Smc), and textural fill volume (Tfv). Two-way analyses of variance, followed by Fisher's protected least significant difference tests (α = 0.05), were used to evaluate the effects of lesion and substrate. Classification trees were constructed to verify the strength of potential associations of the tested parameters. In part 1,Asfc, Sa, and Tfv were able to differentiate erosion and erosion-abrasion lesions from the sound (no lesion) control in both substrates; only Asfc differentiated erosion and erosion-abrasion enamel lesions (allP< 0.05). The best association of parameters correctly classified up to 84% and 94% of the lesions on enamel and dentin, respectively. In part 2, only Asfc differentiated erosion and erosion-abrasion lesions from the sound (no lesion) control in both substrates, whereas eplsar was able to differentiate erosion from erosion-abrasion (allP< 0.05). The association of parameters correctly classified up to 81% and 91% of the lesions in enamel and dentin, respectively.Asfc, Sa, and Tfv were able to differentiate erosion and erosion-abrasion lesions, despite their complicated surface textures. The association of parameters improved the differentiation of lesions for both enamel and dentin in polished or natural surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Hara
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S V Livengood
- Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - F Lippert
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - G J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - P S Ungar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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48
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Austin R, Giusca C, Macaulay G, Moazzez R, Bartlett D. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and area-scale analysis used to quantify enamel surface textural changes from citric acid demineralization and salivary remineralization in vitro. Dent Mater 2016; 32:278-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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49
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Yang SY, Kwon JS, Kim KN, Kim KM. Enamel Surface with Pit and Fissure Sealant Containing 45S5 Bioactive Glass. J Dent Res 2016; 95:550-7. [PMID: 26767770 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515626116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel demineralization adjacent to pit and fissure sealants leads to the formation of marginal caries, which can necessitate the replacement of existing sealants. Dental materials with bioactive glass, which releases ions that inhibit dental caries, have been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the enamel surface adjacent to sealants containing 45S5 bioactive glass (BAG) under simulated microleakage between the material and the tooth in a cariogenic environment. Sealants containing 45S5BAG filler were prepared as follows: 0% 45S5BAG + 50.0% glass (BAG0 group), 12.5% 45S5BAG + 37.5% glass (BAG12.5 group), 25.0% 45S5BAG + 25.0% glass (BAG25.0 group), 37.5% 45S5BAG + 12.5% glass (BAG37.5 group), and 50.0% 45S5BAG + 0% glass (BAG50.0 group). A cured sealant disk was placed over a flat bovine enamel disk, separated by a 60-µm gap, and immersed in lactic acid solution (pH 4.0) at 37 °C for 15, 30, and 45 d. After the storage period, each enamel disk was separated from the cured sealant disk, and the enamel surface was examined with optical 3-dimensional surface profilometer, microhardness tester, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed a significant increase in roughness and a decrease in microhardness of the enamel surface as the proportion of 45S5BAG decreased (P< 0.05). In the scanning electron microscopy images, enamel surfaces with BAG50.0 showed a smooth surface, similar to those in the control group with distilled water, even after prolonged acid storage. Additionally, an etched pattern was observed on the surface of the demineralized enamel with a decreasing proportion of 45S5BAG. Increasing the 45S5BAG filler contents of the sealants had a significant impact in preventing the demineralization of the enamel surface within microgaps between the material and the tooth when exposed to a cariogenic environment. Therefore, despite some marginal leakage, these novel sealants may be effective preventive dental materials for inhibiting secondary caries at the margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Yang
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-S Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-N Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-M Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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50
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Zingler S, Sommer A, Sen S, Saure D, Langer J, Guillon O, Lux CJ. Efficiency of powered systems for interproximal enamel reduction (IER) and enamel roughness before and after polishing—an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:933-42. [PMID: 26419674 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zingler
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Sommer
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sinan Sen
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Saure
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Langer
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Heraeus Holding GmbH, Hanau, Germany
| | - Olivier Guillon
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Materials Synthesis and Processing, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christopher J Lux
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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