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Goh MPY, Samsul RN, Mohaimin AW, Goh HP, Zaini NH, Kifli N, Ahmad N. The Analgesic Potential of Litsea Species: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2024; 29:2079. [PMID: 38731572 PMCID: PMC11085224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Various plant species from the Litsea genus have been claimed to be beneficial for pain relief. The PRISMA approach was adopted to identify studies that reported analgesic properties of plants from the Litsea genus. Out of 450 records returned, 19 primary studies revealed the analgesic potential of nine Litsea species including (1) Litsea cubeba, (2) Litsea elliptibacea, (3) Litsea japonica, (4) Litsea glutinosa, (5) Litsea glaucescens, (6) Litsea guatemalensis, (7) Litsea lancifolia, (8) Litsea liyuyingi and (9) Litsea monopetala. Six of the species, 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9, demonstrated peripheral antinociceptive properties as they inhibited acetic-acid-induced writhing in animal models. Species 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 further showed effects via the central analgesic route at the spinal level by increasing the latencies of heat stimulated-nocifensive responses in the tail flick assay. The hot plate assay also revealed the efficacies of 4 and 9 at the supraspinal level. Species 6 was reported to ameliorate hyperalgesia induced via partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). The antinociceptive effects of 1 and 3 were attributed to the regulatory effects of their bioactive compounds on inflammatory mediators. As for 2 and 5, their analgesic effect may be a result of their activity with the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) which disrupted the pain-stimulating actions of 5-HT. Antinociceptive activities were documented for various major compounds of the Litsea plants. Overall, the findings suggested Litsea species as good sources of antinociceptive compounds that can be further developed to complement or substitute prescription drugs for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Poh Yik Goh
- Herbal Research Group, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei; (M.P.Y.G.); (R.N.S.); (A.W.M.); (N.K.)
- PAP Rashidah Saádatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei;
| | - Raudhatun Na’emah Samsul
- Herbal Research Group, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei; (M.P.Y.G.); (R.N.S.); (A.W.M.); (N.K.)
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei
| | - Amal Widaad Mohaimin
- Herbal Research Group, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei; (M.P.Y.G.); (R.N.S.); (A.W.M.); (N.K.)
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei
| | - Hui Poh Goh
- PAP Rashidah Saádatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei;
| | - Nurul Hazlina Zaini
- UBD Botanical Research Centre, Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei;
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- Herbal Research Group, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei; (M.P.Y.G.); (R.N.S.); (A.W.M.); (N.K.)
- PAP Rashidah Saádatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei;
| | - Norhayati Ahmad
- Herbal Research Group, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei; (M.P.Y.G.); (R.N.S.); (A.W.M.); (N.K.)
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei
- UBD Botanical Research Centre, Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE 1410, Brunei;
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Gao XY, Li XY, Zhang CY, Bai CY. Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268464. [PMID: 38464713 PMCID: PMC10923241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
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Tan B, Chiranthanut N, Chansakaow S, Sireeratawong S, Khonsung P, Nimlamool W, Takuathung MN, Lertprasertsuke N. Gastroprotective effects of Pikad Tri-phol-sa-mut-than herbal remedy on multiple gastric ulcer models in rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19297. [PMID: 37654455 PMCID: PMC10466925 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In Thai traditional medicine, Pikad Tri-phol-sa-mut-than has long been used to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms, renal disease, inflammation-related disorders, and severe malady. This recipe is composed of dried fruits of Morinda citrifolia L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-gastric ulcer property of the water extract of Pikad Tri-phol-sa-mut-than (TS), using various animal models with different inducers, including restraint water immersion stress, indomethacin, and ethanol/hydrochloric acid (EtOH/HCl). Its mechanisms of anti-gastric ulcer actions were also elucidated using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. When compared with the control groups, the oral pretreatment of TS at the doses of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg significantly reduced the gastric ulcer formation in all models. It was also found that TS at the dose of 600 mg/kg could increase gastric wall mucus in rats but could not produce the significant reduction of the gastric volume or total acidity of gastric content. Results from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining examinations of gastric tissues confirmed that TS visibly reduced gastric mucosal damage, while immunohistochemistry revealed that TS remarkably suppressed the protein expression of Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), a regulator of apoptosis, compared to those of the control group. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays showed antioxidant effects of TS. All of these findings demonstrated that TS has gastroprotective effects, which may be related to the increase in the gastric wall mucus secretion, not anti-secretory activity, as well as its antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Natthakarn Chiranthanut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sunee Chansakaow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Seewaboon Sireeratawong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Parirat Khonsung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wutigri Nimlamool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mingkwan Na Takuathung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nirush Lertprasertsuke
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Subhawa S, Arpornchayanon W, Jaijoy K, Chansakaow S, Soonthornchareonnon N, Sireeratawong S. Anti-Inflammatory, Antinociceptive, Antipyretic, and Gastroprotective Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack Ethanolic Extract. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1465. [PMID: 37511840 PMCID: PMC10381342 DOI: 10.3390/life13071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) (ELJ) is a plant in the Simaroubaceae family. Its roots are used in traditional Thai medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and fever; however, the antiulcer abilities of its ethanolic extract have not been studied. This study examined the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antipyretic, and gastroprotective effects of ethanolic ELJ extract in animal models and found that ELJ effectively reduced EPP-induced ear edema in a dose-dependent manner and that a high dose of ELJ inhibited carrageenan-induced hind paw edema formation. In cotton-pellet-induced granuloma formation, a high dose of ELJ suppressed the increases in wet granuloma weight but not dry or transudative weight. In the formalin-induced nociception study, ELJ had a significant dose-dependent inhibitory impact. Additionally, the study found that yeast-induced hyperthermia could be significantly reduced by antipyretic action at the highest dose of ELJ. In all the gastric ulcer models induced by chemical substances or physical activity, ELJ extracts at 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg also effectively prevented gastric ulcer formation. In the pyloric ligation model, however, the effects of ELJ extract on gastric volume, gastric pH, and total acidity were statistically insignificant. These findings support the current widespread use of Eurycoma longifolia Jack in traditional medicine, suggest the plant's medicinal potential for development of phytomedicines with anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic properties, and support its use in the treatment of gastric ulcers due to its gastroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhawat Subhawa
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Kanjana Jaijoy
- McCormick Faculty of Nursing, Payap University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Sunee Chansakaow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Seewaboon Sireeratawong
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Preclinical Science, Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rungsit Campus, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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Ku JM, Cho JH, Kim K, Kim JY, Kim JY, Kim J, Cha H, Cheon B. JP-1366: A novel and potent potassium-competitive acid blocker that is effective in the treatment of acid-related diseases. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2023; 11:e01090. [PMID: 37147903 PMCID: PMC10163344 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of GERD is substantially increasing each year, and GERD is a chronic disease that reduces the quality of life of patients. The efficacy of conventional drugs is diverse, and most require long-term or lifetime administration; thus, the development of more effective therapeutic agents is needed. Herein, a more effective treatment for GERD was tested. We investigated whether JP-1366 affected gastric H+/K+-ATPase activity and used the Na+/K+-ATPase assay to confirm the selectivity of H+/K+-ATPase inhibition. To clarify the mechanism of enzyme inhibition, JP-1366 and TAK-438 were analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk. Also, we investigated the effects of JP-1366 in various models involving reflux esophagitis. We found that JP-1366 mediates strong, selective, and dose-dependent inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase. We found that JP-1366 significantly suppressed gastric acid secretion in histamine-treated pylorus-ligated rats in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we confirmed that JP-1366 inhibited histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the HPD model. JP-1366 exhibited a more than 2-fold higher inhibitory effect on esophageal injury than TAK-438 in GERD lesions and had a more potent inhibitory effect in indomethacin- or aspirin-induced gastric ulcer rat models than TAK-438. Additionally, JP-1366 inhibited gastric ulcers. These results support the possibility that JP-1366 is a good candidate drug for treating acid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Mo Ku
- Pharmacological Toxicology Laboratory, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Cho
- Pharmacological Toxicology Laboratory, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Kangjeon Kim
- Pharmacological Toxicology Laboratory, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- Division of New Drug Development, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Jong Yup Kim
- Division of New Drug Development, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - John Kim
- Onconic Therapeutics Inc, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Cha
- Onconic Therapeutics Inc, Seoul, South Korea
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Barrera K, González-Cortazar M, Reyes-Pérez R, Pérez-García D, Herrera-Ruiz M, Arellano-García J, Cruz-Sosa F, Nicasio-Torres P. Production of Two Isomers of Sphaeralcic Acid in Hairy Roots from Sphaeralcea angustifolia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1090. [PMID: 36903951 PMCID: PMC10005507 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Sphaeralcea angustifolia plant is used as an anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal protector in Mexican traditional medicine. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects have been attributed to scopoletin (1), tomentin (2), and sphaeralcic acid (3) isolated from cells in suspension cultures and identified in the aerial tissues of the wild plant. The hairy roots from S. angustifolia established by infecting internodes with Agrobacterium rhizogenes were explored to produce active compounds based on biosynthetic stability and their capacity to produce new compounds. Chemical analysis was resumed after 3 years in these transformed roots, SaTRN12.2 (line 1) produced scopoletin (0.0022 mg g-1) and sphaeralcic acid (0.22 mg g-1); instead, the SaTRN7.1 (line 2) only produced sphaeralcic acid (3.07 mg g-1). The sphaeralcic acid content was 85-fold higher than that reported for the cells in the suspension cultivated into flakes, and it was similar when the cells in suspension were cultivated in a stirring tank under nitrate restriction. Moreover, both hairy root lines produced stigmasterol (4) and β-sitosterol (5), as well as two new naphthoic derivates: iso-sphaeralcic acid (6) and 8-methyl-iso-sphaeralcic acid (7), which turned out to be isomers of sphaeralcic acid (3) and have not been reported. The dichloromethane-methanol extract from SaTRN7.1 hairy root line had a gastroprotective effect on an ulcer model in mice induced with ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Barrera
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-Iztapalapa), Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Reyes-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Dolores Pérez-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jesús Arellano-García
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología (CeIB), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Circuito Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Francisco Cruz-Sosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-Iztapalapa), Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pilar Nicasio-Torres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
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Oladeji OS, Oluyori AP, Dada AO. Genus Morinda: An insight to its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and Industrial Applications. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
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Therapeutic effects of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) seeds on irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:1097-1107. [PMID: 35776167 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the activity of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. seeds, McLTP1, on the development of intestinal mucositis following irinotecan administration. McLTP1 (0.5, 2, and 8 mg/kg, i.v.) was injected into mice 1h before irinotecan administration (75 mg/kg, i.p.; 4 days), and then for additional 6 days. Seven days after the first dose of irinotecan, diarrhea was assessed, and the intestine was removed for histological evaluation, assessment of intestinal over-contractility, measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO), proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine (IL-1, IL-6, and KC levels - a murine homolog of human IL-8 chemokine), analysis of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. At the two highest doses, McLTP1 administration decreased mortality and diarrhea. McLTP1 (8 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly prevented irinotecan-induced intestinal damage and led to a reduction in over-contractility of the intestinal muscle (p < 0.05). Moreover, McLTP1 decreased the MPO, IL-1β, IL-6, and KC levels by 74.7%, 42%, 92.9%, and 95.9%, respectively. Also, the expression of COX-2, NF-κB, and iNOS was reduced. Our study provides a potential new therapeutic for preventing irinotecan-induced mucositis, improved clinical parameters, and reduced inflammation.
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Murti Y, Agrawal KK, Semwal BC, Singh S. Lead phytomolecules for gastroprotective drug development. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-022-00633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hwang SJ, Yeo D, Song YS, Choi Y, Youn HJ, Lee HJ. An aqueous extract from Artemisia capillaris inhibits acute gastric injury through mucosal stabilization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1255-1262. [PMID: 34358346 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia capillaris is among the most abundantly used traditional medicines, utilized in East Asia to treat diverse illnesses, including gastrointestinal tract diseases. We previously reported that an aqueous extract of A. capillaris (AEAC) inhibited gastric inflammation induced by HCl/ethanol via reactive oxygen species scavenging and NF-κB downregulation. To date, the pharmacological potential of AEAC for promoting mucosal integrity has not been studied. RESULTS Here, we report that a single treatment with AEAC increased mucus production, and repeated administration of AEAC abolished HCl/ethanol-induced mucosal injury in vivo. Single- and multiple-dose AEAC treatments measurably increased the expression of mucosal stabilizing factors in vivo, including mucin (MUC) 5 AC, MUC6, and trefoil factor (TFF) 1 and TFF2 (but not TFF3). AEAC also induced mucosal stabilizing factors in both SNU-601 cells and RGM cells through phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that AEAC protects against HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by upregulating MUCs and TFFs and stabilizing the mucosal epithelium. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Hwang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dahee Yeo
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Song
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Youngbin Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Youn
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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An experimental design approach for the optimization of scopoletin extraction from Morinda citrifolia L. using accelerated solvent extraction. Talanta 2022; 238:123010. [PMID: 34857344 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Scopoletin is regarded as a major constituent of noni (Morinda citrifolia L), which contributes to the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective properties in noni. It is also suggested as a marker for identification and quality control of noni and its derivative products. With the increasing interest in noni due to its health benefits and therapeutic effects, it is important to establish a reliable extraction and analysis method to determine scopoletin content in noni samples. The present study proposes the use of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) to extract scopoletin from noni, followed by detection using HPLC-DAD for rapid identification and quantification of scopoletin. The optimum operating conditions of ASE were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM), using a three factors central composite design. It was found that the optimum scopoletin yield was achieved by performing the extraction at an elevated temperature of 60 °C for 12 min, using ethanol as extraction solvent with solid to solvent ratio of 1:30 (w/v). The analytical method validation was carried out under optimum conditions. The results indicate that the proposed ASE-HPLC-DAD method was adequately sensitive for the quantification of scopoletin in extracts with limit of detection of 0.17 μg/g. The presented method also exhibits excellent linearity from 0.54 to 120.10 μg/g with R2 0.9995, high precision with RSD lower than 2% for intra-day and inter-day replication, and good recovery (99.88%). The established method was also successfully applied for scopoletin determination in noni product samples. The developed method provides a rapid and reliable method for the identification and quantification of scopoletin in noni samples that is suitable for routine procedures.
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Protective Effects of Inflammation of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH Extract on Acute Reflux Esophagitis Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8854945. [PMID: 33532497 PMCID: PMC7834798 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8854945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is induced by the reflux of stomach contents or gastric acid, pepsin into the esophagus for prolonged periods of time due to defection of the lower esophageal sphincter. Reflux esophagitis is a disease found in less than 50% of GERD patients. This study is aimed at evaluating the protective effect of Curcumae longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH extract (CLR) in acute reflux esophagitis (ARE) rats. CLR measured antioxidant activity through in vitro experiments. Based on the results, we performed experiments in vivo. Before 90 min ARE induction, CLR was administered orally by concentration. ARE was derived by linking the metastatic junction between pylorus and forestomach and corpus in Sprague-Dawley rats. And rats were sacrificed 5 h after surgery. We analyzed the expression of antioxidant and inflammatory-related markers by western blot and observed the production of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), reactive oxygen species (ROS), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The administration of CLR reduced esophagus tissue damage in rats with acute reflux esophagitis and decreased the elevated ALT, AST, ROS, ONOO−, and TBARS. In addition, CLR effectively increased antioxidant-related factors and reduced inflammatory protein. Overall, these results suggest that CLR would be used as a therapeutic material in protection and treatment for ARE. Overall, CLR treatment informed that markedly ameliorated inactivation of NF-κB led to the inhibition of the expressions of proinflammatory proteins. These results suggest that CLR would be used as a therapeutic material in protection and treatment for ARE.
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Kongpuckdee S, Ungphaiboon S, Sungkharak S, Phadoongsombut N, Mahattanadul S. Efficacy of An Aqueous Morinda citrifolia Fruit Extract-Phytosome Gel in Treating Oral Inflammatory Ulcer in Rabbit Model. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 21:1699-1710. [PMID: 32651964 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200711151925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral inflammatory ulcers are one of the common complaints of patients attending out-patient clinics. Previous in vivo studies had shown that an Aqueous M. citrifolia Fruit Extract (AMFE) possessed anti-inflammatory and ulcer healing activities. Therefore, a standardized topical bioadhesive gel containing AMFE-phytosome was developed and determined for its oral ulcer healing efficacy in a rabbit model. METHODS The AMFE phytosome (AMFE-P) was prepared by a complexation method with the required amount of AMFE: Phosphatidylcholine: Tween 80 to weigh ratio of 2:1:0.2. Poloxamer 407 was used as a gelling agent. The oral ulcer was induced in male New Zealand white rabbits by topical application of acetic acid. Each test compound was applied to the ulcer for 10 days beginning on the second day after the ulcer induction. Complete ulcer healing on the specimen obtained on day 12 was observed histologically using the histological scoring protocol. RESULTS The optimized gel containing AMFE-P equivalent to AMFE 10%w/w (10%AMFE-P gel) showed the best bioadhesive gel quality, a smooth and homogeneous texture with an optimum viscosity and pH range used in human oral cavity, a good physical and chemical stability and the highest percentage cumulative release of total phenolic and scopoletin content. It was found that a daily application of 10% AMFE-P gel exerted a superior ulcer healing efficacy and a significantly rapid ulcer healing process than a twice daily application of topical gel containing AMFE 10%w/w or chlorhexidine 0.2%. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that 10% AMFE-P gel has potential as a safe and effective alternative therapeutic agent for oral ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsawan Kongpuckdee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Suwipa Ungphaiboon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhl, 90112, Thailand
| | - Supreedee Sungkharak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhl, 90112, Thailand
| | - Narubodee Phadoongsombut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Sirima Mahattanadul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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14
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Boudreau A, Richard AJ, Harvey I, Stephens JM. Artemisia scoparia and Metabolic Health: Untapped Potential of an Ancient Remedy for Modern Use. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727061. [PMID: 35211087 PMCID: PMC8861327 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanicals have a long history of medicinal use for a multitude of ailments, and many modern pharmaceuticals were originally isolated from plants or derived from phytochemicals. Among these, artemisinin, first isolated from Artemisia annua, is the foundation for standard anti-malarial therapies. Plants of the genus Artemisia are among the most common herbal remedies across Asia and Central Europe. The species Artemisia scoparia (SCOPA) is widely used in traditional folk medicine for various liver diseases and inflammatory conditions, as well as for infections, fever, pain, cancer, and diabetes. Modern in vivo and in vitro studies have now investigated SCOPA's effects on these pathologies and its ability to mitigate hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, obesity, diabetes, and other disease states. This review focuses on the effects of SCOPA that are particularly relevant to metabolic health. Indeed, in recent years, an ethanolic extract of SCOPA has been shown to enhance differentiation of cultured adipocytes and to share some properties of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of insulin-sensitizing agonists of the adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ. In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, SCOPA diet supplementation lowered fasting insulin and glucose levels, while inducing metabolically favorable changes in adipose tissue and liver. These observations are consistent with many lines of evidence from various tissues and cell types known to contribute to metabolic homeostasis, including immune cells, hepatocytes, and pancreatic beta-cells. Compounds belonging to several classes of phytochemicals have been implicated in these effects, and we provide an overview of these bioactives. The ongoing global epidemics of obesity and metabolic disease clearly require novel therapeutic approaches. While the mechanisms involved in SCOPA's effects on metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and oxidative stress pathways are not fully characterized, current data support further investigation of this plant and its bioactives as potential therapeutic agents in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and many other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Boudreau
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Allison J. Richard
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Innocence Harvey
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jacqueline M. Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jacqueline M. Stephens,
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15
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Inada AC, Silva GT, da Silva LPR, Alves FM, Filiú WFDO, Asato MA, Junior WHK, Corsino J, Figueiredo PDO, Garcez FR, Garcez WS, da Silva RDNO, dos Santos-Eichler RA, Guimarães RDCA, Freitas KDC, Hiane PA. Therapeutic Effects of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) Aqueous Fruit Extract on the Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat/High-Fructose-Fed Swiss Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113439. [PMID: 33182564 PMCID: PMC7696076 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of two different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of Morinda citrifolia fruit aqueous extract (AE) in high-fat/high-fructose-fed Swiss mice. The food intake, body weight, serum biochemical, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as histological analyses of the liver, pancreatic, and epididymal adipose tissue, were used to determine the biochemical and histological parameters. The chemical profile of the extract was determined by ultra-fast liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC–DAD–MS), and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the gene expressions involved in the lipid and glucose metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferative-activated receptors-γ (PPAR-γ), -α (PPAR-α), fatty acid synthase (FAS), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P), sterol regulatory binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP), and fetuin-A. Seventeen compounds were tentatively identified, including iridoids, noniosides, and the flavonoid rutin. The higher dose of AE (AE 500 mg/kg) was demonstrated to improve the glucose tolerance; however, both doses did not have effects on the other metabolic and histological parameters. AE at 500 mg/kg downregulated the PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, and fetuin-A mRNA in the liver and upregulated the PPAR-α mRNA in white adipose tissue, suggesting that the hypoglycemic effects could be associated with the expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Carla Inada
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(67)-3345-7410
| | - Gabriela Torres Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Laleska Pâmela Rodrigues da Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Flávio Macedo Alves
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Marcel Arakaki Asato
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Wilson Hino Kato Junior
- Laboratory PRONABio (Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products)—Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (W.H.K.J.); (J.C.); (P.d.O.F.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Joaquim Corsino
- Laboratory PRONABio (Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products)—Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (W.H.K.J.); (J.C.); (P.d.O.F.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo
- Laboratory PRONABio (Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products)—Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (W.H.K.J.); (J.C.); (P.d.O.F.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Garcez
- Laboratory PRONABio (Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products)—Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (W.H.K.J.); (J.C.); (P.d.O.F.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Walmir Silva Garcez
- Laboratory PRONABio (Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products)—Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (W.H.K.J.); (J.C.); (P.d.O.F.); (F.R.G.); (W.S.G.)
| | - Renée de Nazaré Oliveira da Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil; (R.d.N.O.d.S.); (R.A.d.S.-E.)
| | | | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Karine de Cássia Freitas
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; (G.T.S.); (L.P.R.d.S.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.)
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16
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Giampieri F, Cianciosi D, Forbes‐Hernández TY. Myrtle (
Myrtus communis
L.) berries, seeds, leaves, and essential oils: New undiscovered sources of natural compounds with promising health benefits. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giampieri
- Nutrition and Food Science Group Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry CITACA CACTI University of Vigo ‐ Vigo Campus Vigo Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomtologiche Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
- College of Food Science and Technology Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomtologiche Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes‐Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry CITACA CACTI University of Vigo ‐ Vigo Campus Vigo Spain
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17
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Choo BK, Nan L, Nam HH, Park JC. Ethanol extract of Magnolia sieboldii buds ameliorated esophageal tissue injury induced by gastric acid reflux in rats via regulating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_57_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Morinda citrifolia and Its Active Principle Scopoletin Mitigate Protein Aggregation and Neuronal Apoptosis through Augmenting the DJ-1/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2761041. [PMID: 31191797 PMCID: PMC6525839 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2761041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Given the role of oxidative stress in PD pathogenesis and off-target side effects of currently available drugs, several natural phytochemicals seem to be promising in the management of PD. Here, we tested the hypothesis that scopoletin, an active principle obtained from Morinda citrifolia (MC), efficiently quenches oxidative stress through DJ-1/Nrf2 signaling and ameliorates rotenone-induced PD. Despite reducing oxidative stress, the administration of MC extract (MCE) has lessened protein aggregation as evident from decreased levels of nitrotyrosine and α-synuclein. In vitro studies revealed that scopoletin lessened rotenone-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through preventing oxidative injury. Particularly, scopoletin markedly upregulated DJ-1, which then promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and transactivation of antioxidant genes. Furthermore, we found that scopoletin prevents the nuclear exportation of Nrf2 by reducing the levels of Keap1 and thereby enhancing the neuronal defense system. Overall, our findings suggest that scopoletin acts through DJ-1-mediated Nrf2 signaling to protect the brain from rotenone-induced oxidative stress and PD. Thus, we postulate that scopoletin could be a potential drug to treat PD.
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19
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Nam HH, Nan L, Choo BK. Dichloromethane Extracts of Geranium Koreanum Kom. Alleviates Esophagus Damage in Acute Reflux Esophagitis-Induced Rats by Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113622. [PMID: 30453554 PMCID: PMC6274961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a gastrointestinal disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and stomach contents, and it leads to esophageal damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the improvement of esophageal damage on a RE-induced model. The present study was accomplished to demonstrate the protective effects of a dichloromethane fraction of Geranium koreanum (DGK) plant on esophageal damage in an acute RE rat model. First, we examined the potential of anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions measured by cell cytotoxicity, morphological changes and nitric oxide (NO) production on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the protective effects on RE, rats were partitioned into the following groups: normal control, RE-induced control and RE rats pre-treated with DGK 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The esophageal mucosal ulcer ratio was measured by the Image J program and histological changes were examined using a hematoxylin and eosin staining of the esophageal mucosa. The expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, cytokines and tight junction proteins involved in the esophageal mucosal damage were investigated using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with esophagus tissue. DGK chemical profile and phenolic contents were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that DGK exhibited anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-stimulated cells by significantly inhibiting NO production. Additionally, the results in vivo showed that improvement effects of DGK on esophageal mucosal damage. The expression of inflammatory proteins involved in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and tight junction protein (claudin-4 and -5) were significantly decreased in esophageal mucosa. We found the potential of DGK as source of replacement therapy products for inflammatory and RE disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Hwa Nam
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Li Nan
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Byung Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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20
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Sharifi-Rad M, Fokou PVT, Sharopov F, Martorell M, Ademiluyi AO, Rajkovic J, Salehi B, Martins N, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J. Antiulcer Agents: From Plant Extracts to Phytochemicals in Healing Promotion. Molecules 2018; 23:E1751. [PMID: 30018251 PMCID: PMC6100067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we have comprehensively reviewed the plant sources used as antiulcer agents. From traditional uses as herbal remedies, we have moved on to preclinical evidence, critically discussing the in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and even isolated phytochemicals with antiulcerogenic potential. A particular emphasis was also paid to Helicobacter pylori activity, with emphasis on involved mechanisms of action. Lastly, the issue of safety profile of these plant products has also been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61663335, Iran.
| | | | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, VIII⁻Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia.
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 88777539, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 22439789, Iran.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto⁻Portugal, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada.
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21
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Chang SK, Alasalvar C, Shahidi F. Superfruits: Phytochemicals, antioxidant efficacies, and health effects - A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1580-1604. [PMID: 29360387 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1422111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The term "superfruit" has gained increasing usage and attention recently with the marketing strategy to promote the extraordinary health benefits of some exotic fruits, which may not have worldwide popularity. This has led to many studies with the identification and quantification of various groups of phytochemicals. This contribution discusses phytochemical compositions, antioxidant efficacies, and potential health benefits of the main superfruits such as açai, acerola, camu-camu, goji berry, jaboticaba, jambolão, maqui, noni, and pitanga. Novel product formulations, safety aspects, and future perspectives of these superfruits have also been covered. Research findings from the existing literature published within the last 10 years have been compiled and summarized. These superfruits having numerous phytochemicals (phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, iridoids, coumarins, hydrolysable tannins, carotenoids, and anthocyanins) together with their corresponding antioxidant activities, have increasingly been utilized. Hence, these superfruits can be considered as a valuable source of functional foods due to the phytochemical compositions and their corresponding antioxidant activities. The phytochemicals from superfruits are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans with promising health benefits. More well-designed human explorative studies are needed to validate the health benefits of these superfruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Kiat Chang
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | | | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- c Department of Biochemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , NL , Canada
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22
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Jabri MA, Tounsi H, Abdellaoui A, Marzouki L, Sebai H. Protective effects of Artemisia campestris extract against gastric acid reflux-induced esophageal mucosa injuries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:63-69. [PMID: 29306510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia campestris L. has been widely used in alternative medicine to treat digestive system diseases, particularly gastroesophageal disorders. In the present investigation, we studied the putative protective effect of Artemisia campestris aqueous extract (ACAE) against gastro-esophageal reflux (GER)-induced esophagitis in rats. The experimental ophagitis was induced by the ligation of the pylorus as well as the junction between the forestomach and the corpus. We firstly found that ACAE administration at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w., p.o. significantly protected GER-induced macroscopic and histological injuries in the esophagus tissue. Our extract also counteracted GER-induced esophagus lipoperoxidation, restored the depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as well as thiol groups levels. Furthermore, we showed that acute GER provoked an increase in esophagus mucosa hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), free iron and calcium levels, whereas ACAE treatment reversed all GER-induced intracellular mediators' disturbances. In conclusion, we suggested that ACAE had potent protective effects against esophagitis due, in part, to its antioxidant properties as well as its opposite effect on some intracellular mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Tunisia.
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique humaine et expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, Tunis 1002, BP-74, Tunisia
| | - Afifa Abdellaoui
- Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique humaine et expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, Tunis 1002, BP-74, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Tunisia
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23
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Abou Assi R, Darwis Y, Abdulbaqi IM, khan AA, Vuanghao L, Laghari M. Morinda citrifolia (Noni): A comprehensive review on its industrial uses, pharmacological activities, and clinical trials. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060540. [PMID: 28587078 PMCID: PMC5490519 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultural and economic shifts in the early 19th century led to the rapid development of companies that made good profits from technologically-produced commodities. In this way, some habits changed in society, such as the overconsumption of processed and micronutrient-poor foods and devices that gave rise to a sedentary lifestyle. These factors influenced host-microbiome interactions which, in turn, mediated the etiopathogenesis of “new-era” disorders and diseases, which are closely related, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and inflammatory bowel disease, which are characterized by chronic dysregulation of metabolic and immune processes. These pathological conditions require novel and effective therapeutic approaches. Morindacitrifolia (noni) is well known as a traditional healing plant due to its medicinal properties. Thus, many studies have been conducted to understand its bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. However, in obesity and obesity-related metabolic (dysfunction) syndrome, other studies are necessary to better elucidate noni’s mechanisms of action, mainly due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of obesity and its metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize not only the clinical effects, but also important cell signaling pathways in in vivo and in vitro assays of potent bioactive compounds present in the noni plant which have been reported in studies of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction.
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Torres MAO, de Fátima Braga Magalhães I, Mondêgo-Oliveira R, de Sá JC, Rocha AL, Abreu-Silva AL. One Plant, Many Uses: A Review of the Pharmacological Applications of Morinda citrifolia. Phytother Res 2017; 31:971-979. [PMID: 28524250 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia, also known as noni, is commonly used in popular medicine in Brazil. Many parts of the noni tree are utilized in such practices, including the roots, leaves and seeds. Through a search of online databases, the present article reviews 92 research studies on the biological actions of M. citrifolia. The paper will discuss the therapeutic effects of noni and its compounds in a variety of forms of presentation, focusing on studies that support its traditional use. A large and diverse number of properties were identified, which were divided into immunostimulatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial and anti-septic, antifungal, antiviral, leishmanicidal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive and analgesic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, wound healing, antiallergic, antiangiogenic, antiemetic and anti-nausea, anti-gastric ulcer and oesophagitis, anthelmintic, antimutagenic, antipsychotic, anxiolytic, photoprotective, anti-wrinkle and periodontal tissue regeneration activities. While it was concluded that although M. citrifolia is widely and successfully used for the treatment or prevention of various diseases, it should be consumed carefully, and only after exhaustive studies into its chemical constituents and mechanisms of action, both in in vitro and in vivo models, as well as clinical trials. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alessandra Lima Rocha
- Master's Degree in Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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Narasimhan KKS, Paul L, Sathyamoorthy YK, Srinivasan A, Chakrapani LN, Singh A, Ravi DB, Krishnan TR, Velusamy P, Kaliappan K, Radhakrishnan R, Periandavan K. Amelioration of apoptotic events in the skeletal muscle of intra-nigrally rotenone-infused Parkinsonian rats by Morinda citrifolia--up-regulation of Bcl-2 and blockage of cytochrome c release. Food Funct 2016; 7:922-37. [PMID: 26697948 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder with the cardinal symptoms of bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability, which lead to abnormal movements and lack of activity, which in turn cause muscular damage. Even though studies have been carried out to elucidate the causative factors that lead to muscular damage in Parkinson's disease, apoptotic events that occur in the skeletal muscle and a therapeutical approach to culminate the muscular damage have not been extensively studied. Thus, this study evaluates the impact of rotenone-induced SNPc lesions on skeletal muscle apoptosis and the efficacy of an ethyl acetate extract of Morinda citrifolia in safeguarding the myocytes. Biochemical assays along with apoptotic markers studied by immunoblot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the current study revealed that the supplementation of Morinda citrifolia significantly reverted alterations in both biochemical and histological parameters in rotenone-infused PD rats. Treatment with Morinda citrifolia also reduced the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 and blocked the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria induced by rotenone. In addition, it augmented the expression of Bcl2 both transcriptionally and translationally. Thus, this preliminary study paves a way to show that the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities of Morinda citrifolia can be exploited to alleviate skeletal muscle damage induced by Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liya Paul
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, India.
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Kishore Kumar SN, Deepthy J, Saraswathi U, Thangarajeswari M, Yogesh Kanna S, Ezhil P, Kalaiselvi P. Morinda citrifolia mitigates rotenone-induced striatal neuronal loss in male Sprague-Dawley rats by preventing mitochondrial pathway of intrinsic apoptosis. Redox Rep 2016; 22:418-429. [PMID: 27882828 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1253449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly the motor system, as a result of death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The present scenario of research in PD is directed to identify novel molecules that can be administered individually or co-administered with L-Dopa to prevent the L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesia (LID) like states that arise during chronic L-Dopa administration. Hence, in this study, we investigated whether Morinda citrifolia has therapeutic effects in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) with special reference to mitochondrial dysfunction mediated intrinsic apoptosis. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were stereotaxically infused with rotenone (3 µg in both SNPc and VTA) and co-treated with the ethyl acetate extract of Morinda citrifolia and levodopa. RESULTS The results revealed that rotenone-induced cell death was reduced by MCE treatment as measured by decline in the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins. Moreover, MCE treatment significantly augmented the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and blocks the release of cytochrome c, thereby alleviating the rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss, as evidenced by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining in the striatum. DISCUSSION Taken together, the results suggest that Morinda citrifolia may be beneficial for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayakumar Deepthy
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Madras , Taramani, Chennai , India
| | | | - Mohan Thangarajeswari
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Madras , Taramani, Chennai , India
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Jabri MA, Tounsi H, Rtibi K, Marzouki L, Sakly M, Sebai H. Ameliorative and antioxidant effects of myrtle berry seed ( Myrtus communis) extract during reflux-induced esophagitis in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1575-1585. [PMID: 26810811 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1107748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Myrtle, Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae), is a medicinal plant well known for its richness in phenolic compounds and its beneficial effects for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.Objective In the present work, the protective effect of the myrtle berry seed aqueous extract (MBSAE) against esophageal reflux (ER)-induced damage in esophagus mucosa as well as the mechanisms implicated was determined.Materials and methods In this respect, adult male Wistar rats were used and divided into seven groups: Control, ER, ER + various doses of MBSAE, ER + famotidine or ER + gallic acid. The ER was induced and animals were per orally (p.o.) treated with MBSAE or reference molecules during 6 h. The phytochemical screening was determined using colourimetric analysis.Results MBSAE is rich in total polyphenols and anthocyanins and exhibited an important in vitro antioxidant activity. In vivo, we firstly found that ER led to marked macroscopic and histopathological changes in esophagus. The results showed, also, that the ER was accompanied by a state of oxidative stress as assessed by an increase of lipid peroxidation, a decrease of the sulphhydryl groups and glutathione levels, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities depletion. MBSAE abrogated all morphological, histopathological and biochemical alterations. We showed also that ER increased esophageal calcium, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free iron levels while MBSAE treatment protected against intracellular mediators deregulation.Conclusion Our data suggest that MBSAE exerted a potential protective effect against ER-induced damage in rat esophagus, at least in part, due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté Des Sciences De Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Fonctionnelle Et Valorisation Des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur De Biotechnologie De Béja, Université De Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- Laboratoire D'anatomie Pathologique Humaine Et Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur De Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kais Rtibi
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Fonctionnelle Et Valorisation Des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur De Biotechnologie De Béja, Université De Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Fonctionnelle Et Valorisation Des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur De Biotechnologie De Béja, Université De Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté Des Sciences De Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté Des Sciences De Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
- Laboratoire De Physiologie Fonctionnelle Et Valorisation Des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur De Biotechnologie De Béja, Université De Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
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Almeida-Souza F, Cardoso FDO, Souza BVDC, do Valle TZ, de Sá JC, Oliveira IDSDS, de Souza CDSF, Moragas Tellis CJ, Chagas MDSDS, Behrens MD, Abreu-Silva AL, Calabrese KDS. Morinda citrifolia Linn. Reduces Parasite Load and Modulates Cytokines and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in C57BL/6 Mice Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004900. [PMID: 27579922 PMCID: PMC5006983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of an effective vaccine and the debilitating chemotherapy for Leishmaniasis demonstrate the need for developing alternative treatments. Several studies conducted with Morinda citrifolia have shown various biological activities, including antileishmanial activity, however its mechanisms of action are unknown. This study aimed to analyze the in vivo activity of M. citrifolia fruit juice (Noni) against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in C57BL/6 mice. M. citrifolia fruit juice from the Brazilian Amazon has shown the same constitution of other juices produced around the world and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis identified five compounds: deacetylasperulosidic acid, asperulosidic acid, rutin, nonioside B and nonioside C. Daily intragastric treatment with Noni was carried out after 55 days of L. (L.) amazonensis infection in C57BL/6 mice. Parasitic loads, cytokine and extracellular protein matrix expressions of the lesion site were analyzed by qPCR. Histopathology of the lesion site, lymph nodes and liver were performed to evaluate the inflammatory processes. Cytokines and biochemical parameters of toxicity from sera were also evaluated. The Noni treatment at 500 mg.kg-1.day-1 for 60 days decreased the lesion size and parasitic load in the footpad infected with L. (L.) amazonensis. The site of infection also showed decreased inflammatory infiltrates and decreased cytokine expressions for IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10. On the other hand, Noni treatment enhanced the extracellular matrix protein expressions of collagen IV, fibronectin and laminin in the infected footpad as well collagen I and II, fibronectin and laminin in the mock-infected footpads. No toxicity was observed at the end of treatment. These data show the efficacy of Noni treatment. Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by parasites of the Leishmania genus, which affects thousands of people around the world. The parasite lives within the cells and the disease manifests itself in different ways, one of them is wound-like lesions on the skin that do not heal. The treatment, with a medicament discovered in 1912, causes several side effects, its intramuscular administration is painful and it is given daily over a long period of time. These characteristics show the need for new alternatives for leishmaniasis treatment justifying works like this. The Morinda citrifolia is a plant native to the Polynesian islands and has a fruit commonly known as Noni. Noni has been analyzed for various targets such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects; however, the antileishmanial has not yet been fully evaluated. This work proves that Noni treatment can promote a fast clinical cure in mice with leishmaniasis by decreasing parasite number, acting on the immune system and repairing skin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tânia Zaverucha do Valle
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joicy Cortez de Sá
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Abreu-Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Zhang YQ, Yang ZG, Ding W, Luo JX. Synergistic inhibitory effect of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin on Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) (Acari: Tetranychidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 71:1-8. [PMID: 26824978 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2014-4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the synergistic activity of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) against the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus. The acaricidal activities of mixtures of scopoletin and BDMC against T. cinnabarinus female adults were measured via slide dipping and leaf disc dipping. A mathematical model was established by SPSS software. Bioassays for multiple effects including contact, ovicidal, cowpea root intake, repellency and oviposition inhibitory activity were carried out. The optimal mass ratio of the mixture of scopoletin and BDMC (at their respective LC(50)), the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) and the co-toxicity coefficient were 7:6, 0.19 mg/mL and 129, respectively. LC(50) values of contact activities of the mixture at optimal ratio against adults, nymphs, larvae, and eggs were 0.19, 0.18, 0.06, and 1.52 mg/mL, respectively. LC(50) values of cowpea root intake activity against adults and nymphs were 5.62 and 6.52 mg/mL, respectively. The highest repellent rates against adults and nymphs were 69.5% and 72.5%, respectively. The mixture of scopoletin and BDMC at the optimal mass ratio possessed strong acaricidal activity against T. cinnabarinus at various developmental stages.
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First isolation and antinociceptive activity of a lipid transfer protein from noni ( Morinda citrifolia ) seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:71-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Nerurkar PV, Hwang PW, Saksa E. Anti-Diabetic Potential of Noni: The Yin and the Yang. Molecules 2015; 20:17684-719. [PMID: 26404212 PMCID: PMC6331903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201017684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Escalating trends of chronic diseases such as type-2 diabetes (T2D) have sparked a renewed interest in complementary and alternative medicine, including herbal products. Morinda citrifolia (noni) has been used for centuries by Pacific Islanders to treat various ailments. Commercial noni fruit juice has been marketed as a dietary supplement since 1996. In 2003, the European Commission approved Tahitian noni juice as a novel food by the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate General. Among noni's several health benefits, others and we have demonstrated the anti-diabetic effects of fermented noni fruit juice in animal models. Unfortunately, noni's exciting journey from Polynesian medicine to the research bench does not reach its final destination of successful clinical outcomes when translated into commercial products. Noni products are perceived to be safe due to their "natural" origin. However, inadequate evidence regarding bioactive compounds, molecular targets, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, long-term safety, effective dosages, and/or unanticipated side effects are major roadblocks to successful translation "from bench side to bedside". In this review we summarize the anti-diabetic potential of noni, differences between traditional and modern use of noni, along with beneficial clinical studies of noni products and challenges in clinical translation of noni's health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha V Nerurkar
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Phoebe W Hwang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Erik Saksa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Motshakeri M, Ghazali HM. Nutritional, phytochemical and commercial quality of Noni fruit: A multi-beneficial gift from nature. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit and its bioactive principles scopoletin and rutin on rat vas deferens contractility: an ex vivo study. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:909586. [PMID: 25045753 PMCID: PMC4090441 DOI: 10.1155/2014/909586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (MMC) and its bioactive principles, scopoletin and rutin, on dopamine- and noradrenaline-evoked contractility in isolated rat vas deferens preparations. MMC (1-40 mg/mL), scopoletin (1-200 μg/mL), and rutin hydrate (0.6-312.6 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the contractility evoked by submaximal concentrations of both dopamine and noradrenaline, respectively. Haloperidol and prazosin, reference dopamine D2, and α 1-adrenoceptors antagonists significantly reversed the dopamine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, MMC per se at higher doses (60-100 mg/mL) showed dose-dependent contractile response in rat vas deferens which was partially inhibited by high doses of haloperidol but not by prazosin. These results demonstrated the biphasic effects of MMC on dopaminergic system; that is, antidopaminergic effect at lower concentrations (<40 mg/mL) and dopaminergic agonistic effect at higher concentrations (>60 mg/mL). However, similar contractile response at high doses of scopoletin (0.5-5 mg/mL) and rutin hydrate (0.5-5 mg/mL) per se was not observed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bioactive principles of MMC, scopoletin, and rutin might be responsible for the antidopaminergic and antiadrenergic activities of MMC.
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Saminathan M, Rai RB, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Chakrabort S, . A, Ranganath GJ, Kannan K. Systematic Review on Anticancer Potential and other Health Beneficial Pharmacological Activities of Novel Medicinal Plant Morinda citrifolia (Noni). INT J PHARMACOL 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2013.462.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Choo BK, Roh SS. Berberine protects against esophageal mucosal damage in reflux esophagitis by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:663-670. [PMID: 24137243 PMCID: PMC3786780 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effects of berberine (BB) in a rat model of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation. We evaluated cytotoxicity and proinflammatory biomarkers (nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-1β and prostaglandin E2) in RAW 264.7 cells in vitro and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. A total of 54 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: intact control rats; reflux esophagitis (RE) control rats; RE rats treated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole and RE rats treated with BB at doses of 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg, respectively. All rats were fasted. RE was induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation one hour subsequent to the oral treatment. Six hours subsequent to the surgery, the rats were sacrificed, blood was collected from the abdominal vein and the esophagus and stomach were dissected. The gastric volume and the pH of the gastric juice were evaluated, prior to the esophagus being cut longitudinally and an inner mucosal area being imaged, to analyze mucosal damage indices. Proinflammatory biomarkers in the serum, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, while the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 was analyzed using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Esophagic tissue damage in the BB groups was dose-dependently decreased compared with that in the RE control group. This result was consistent with significant reductions in the levels of proinflammatory biomarkers in the serum and in the expression of proinflammatory mRNA, specifically, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PAI-1. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of BB may attenuate the severity of RE and prevent esophageal mucosal damage, in addition to validating the use of BB as a pharmacological treatment for esophageal reflux disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Li X, Li X, Song S, Zhang B, Liu X, Ye X. [Preparative isolation and purification of scopoletin from Lycium barbarum L. by high-speed countercurrent chromatography]. Se Pu 2013; 30:971-4. [PMID: 23285983 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2012.05037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective and rapid method for the separation of scopoletin from Lycium barbarum L. by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was established. The ethyl alcohol extract of the Lycium barbarum L. was initially separated using D-101 macroporous resins and further purified by HSCCC. The thin layer chromatography coupling with fluorometric spectrophotometry (TLC-F) method was used to determine the partitioning coefficient of scopoletin in different solvent systems. The results showed the solvent system of chloroformmethanol-water (10:7:3, v/v/v) was the best one for the HSCCC separation. A total of 10.2 mg of scopoletin with high purity (98. 3%, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)) was obtained in one step by the following separation procedures: the upper phase as the stationary phase, the lower phase as the mobile phase, with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min, with the apparatus rotated at 850 r/min, and detected at 365 nm. The structure of the obtained compound was identified by 'H-nuclear magnetic resonance and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance. The sample could be injected into HSCCC twice successively and the whole separation was achieved with satisfactory peak resolution. These results suggested that the TLC-F method is useful in measuring the partitioning coefficients of the target compound in HSCCC solvent systems and HSCCC is a fast and convenient method for the separation of scopoletin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoduo Li
- College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Nima S, Kasiwong S, Ridtitid W, Thaenmanee N, Mahattanadul S. Gastrokinetic activity of Morinda citrifolia aqueous fruit extract and its possible mechanism of action in human and rat models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:354-361. [PMID: 22580040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY This study was to investigate the gastrokinetic activity of Morinda citrifolia aqueous fruit extract (AFE) in human subjects by examining the GI absorption of ranitidine, a putative indicator of GI motility and to elucidate its possible gastrokinetic mechanism of action in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The single-dose, randomized, open-label and 2-period crossover study was performed on 20 Thai healthy volunteers with a washout period of 14 day between the doses. AFE or drinking water was administered orally 30 min prior to a single oral administration of ranitidine (300 mg). Blood samples were collected over a 12 h period after drug administration and the pharmacokinetic parameters of ranitidine were calculated. The gastrokinetic mechanism of action of AFE was elucidated by measurement of its contractile response on the isolated rat gastric fundus strip. RESULTS The area under the plasma ranitidine concentration-time curve and the maximal plasma ranitidine concentration were significantly increased after pretreatment with AFE (p=0.001). The plasma ranitidine concentrations were significantly greater at 30-120 min after its administration. AFE produced a definite contractile response of a rat gastric fundus strip with a dose dependency. Scopoletin at the same equivalent dose present in AFE elicited a concentration-dependent contraction that amounted to 45% of the maximal response to AFE. The contractile response of both AFE and scopoletin was mediated through the 5-HT(4) receptor. CONCLUSION AFE has a unique gastrokinetic activity in enhancement of the rate and the extent of ranitidine absorption. The underlying mechanism can be attributed, at least in part, to the ability of its active component: scopoletin to stimulate the 5-HT(4) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawpheeyah Nima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Simão da Silva KAB, Klein-Junior LC, Cruz SM, Cáceres A, Quintão NLM, Monache FD, Cechinel-Filho V. Anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic evaluation of the condiment laurel (Litsea guatemalensis Mez.) and its chemical composition. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Brown AC. Anticancer Activity of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Fruit: A Review. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1427-40. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Brown
- Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 651 Ilalo Street, MEB 223; Honolulu; Hawaii; 96813
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