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Durdakova M, Kolackova M, Ridoskova A, Cernei N, Pavelicova K, Urbis P, Richtera L, Pelcova P, Adam V, Huska D. Exploring the potential nutritional benefits of Arthrospira maxima and Chlorella vulgaris: A focus on vitamin B 12, amino acids, and micronutrients. Food Chem 2024; 452:139434. [PMID: 38733680 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Arthrospira (Limnospira) maxima (A. maxima) and Chlorella vulgaris (Ch. vulgaris) are among the approved microalgae and cyanobacteria (MaC) in the food industry that are known to be safe for consumption. However, both organisms are controversial regarding their vitamin B12 content, due to the possible occurrence of pseudo-cobalamin. Concurrently, their nutrition profiles remain understudied. The main purpose of the present study was to identify their nutrition profiles, focusing mainly on vitamin B12, amino acids, and micronutrients under iron-induced hormesis (10 mg/L Fe in treated samples). Our findings indicate a higher B12 content in A. maxima compared to Ch. vulgaris (both control and treated samples). Using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the cyanocobalamin content was determined as 0.42 ± 0.09 μg/g dried weight (DW) in the A. maxima control and 0.55 ± 0.02 μg/g DW in treated A. maxima, resulting in an insignificant difference. In addition, the iron-enriched medium increased the amount of iron in both tested biomasses (p < 0.01). However, a more pronounced (approximately 100×) boost was observed in Ch. vulgaris, indicating a better absorption capacity (control Ch. vulgaris 0.16 ± 0.01 mg/g Fe, treated Ch. vulgaris 15.40 ± 0.34 mg/g Fe). Additionally, Ch. vulgaris also showed a higher micronutrient content. Using both tested microalgae, meeting the sufficient recommended daily mineral allowance for an adult is possible. By combining biomass from A. maxima and Ch. vulgaris in a ratio of 6:1, we can fulfill the recommended daily allowance of vitamin B12 and iron by consuming 6 tablets/6 g. Importantly, iron hormesis stimulated amino acid composition in both organisms. The profile of amino acids may suggest these biomasses as promising potential nutrition sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Durdakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Ridoskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pavelicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Urbis
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Slechtitelu 241/27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Pelcova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Olsen ML, Olsen K, Jensen PE. Consumer acceptance of microalgae as a novel food - Where are we now? And how to get further. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14337. [PMID: 38716544 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae provide a potential new food resource for sustainable human nutrition. Many microalgae species can produce a high content of total protein with a balanced composition of essential amino acids, healthy oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, fibers, and vitamins. These components can be made available via unprocessed microalgae or refined as individual ingredients. In either case, if added to foods, microalgae may affect taste, smell, texture, and appearance. This review focuses on how consumer acceptance of new foods - such as microalgae - can be accessed in the world of sensory science by bringing together examples from recent consumer surveys. The main aim is to obtain an overview of the attitude towards microalgae as a food ingredient in Europe. The overarching finding suggests that European consumers generally find microalgae acceptable as ingredients in food products. However, there is a prevailing preference for keeping inclusion levels low, primarily attributed to the vivid green color that algae impart to food items upon addition. Additionally, consumers tend to favor the taste of freshwater algae over marine species, often finding the latter's pronounced fishy flavor less appealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Lihme Olsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Karsten Olsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Poul Erik Jensen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Liu F, Edelmann M, Piironen V, Li Y, Liu X, Yan JK, Li L, Kariluoto S. How food matrices modulate folate bioaccessibility: A comprehensive overview of recent advances and challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13328. [PMID: 38551068 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The incomplete absorption of dietary folate makes it crucial to understand how food matrices affect folate bioaccessibility. Bioavailability encompasses bioaccessibility, which depicts the proportion that is liberated from the food matrix during digestion and becomes available for absorption. Bioavailability studies are expensive and difficult to control, whereas bioaccessibility studies utilize in vitro digestion models to parameterize the complex digestion, allowing the evaluation of the effect of food matrices on bioaccessibility. This review covers the folate contents in various food matrices, the methods used to determine and the factors affecting folate bioaccessibility, and the advances and challenges in understanding how food matrices affect folate bioaccessibility. The methods for determining bioaccessibility have been improved in the last decade. Current research shows that food matrices modulate folate bioaccessibility by affecting the liberation and stability of folate during digestion but do not provide enough information about folate and food component interactions at the molecular level. In addition, information on folate interconversion and degradation during digestion is scant, hindering our understanding of the impact of food matrices on folate stability. Moreover, the role of conjugase inhibitors should not be neglected when evaluating the nutritional value of food folates. Due to the complexity of food digestion, holistic methods should be applied to investigate bioaccessibility. By synthesizing the current state of knowledge on this topic, this review highlights the lack of in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of how food matrices modulate folate bioaccessibility and provides insights into potential strategies for accurate evaluation of the nutritional value of dietary folate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Minnamari Edelmann
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vieno Piironen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yuting Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Jing-Kun Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Susanna Kariluoto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Lijassi I, Arahou F, El Habacha G, Wahby A, Benaich S, Rhazi L, Arahou M, Wahby I. Optimization and Characterization of Spirulina and Chlorella Hydrolysates for Industrial Application. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1255-1271. [PMID: 37382791 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Chlorella and Spirulina are the most used microalgae mainly as powder, tablets, or capsules. However, the recent change in lifestyle of modern society encouraged the emergence of liquid food supplements. The current work evaluated the efficiency of several hydrolysis methods (ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis UAH, acid hydrolysis AH, autoclave-assisted hydrolysis AAH, and enzymatic hydrolysis EH) in order to develop liquid dietary supplements from Chlorella and Spirulina biomasses. Results showed that, EH gave the highest proteins content (78% and 31% for Spirulina and Chlorella, respectively) and also increased pigments content (4.5 mg/mL of phycocyanin and 12 µg/mL of carotenoids). Hydrolysates obtained with EH showed the highest scavenging activity (95-91%), allowing us, with the other above features, to propose this method as convenient for liquid food supplements development. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the choice of hydrolysis method depended on the vocation of the product to be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissam Lijassi
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Fadia Arahou
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ghizlane El Habacha
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Anass Wahby
- Laboratory of Water, Studies and Environmental Analysis, FLP, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Souad Benaich
- Physiology and Physiopathology Research Team, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Laila Rhazi
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Moustapha Arahou
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Imane Wahby
- Research Center of Plant & Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
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Kundra P, Greppi A, Duppenthaler M, Plüss S, Pugin B, Lacroix C, Geirnaert A. Vitamin B12 analogues from gut microbes and diet differentially impact commensal propionate producers of the human gut. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1360199. [PMID: 38389799 PMCID: PMC10881866 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1360199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To produce the health-associated metabolite propionate, gut microbes require vitamin B12 as a cofactor to convert succinate to propionate. B12 is sourced in the human gut from the unabsorbed dietary fraction and in situ microbial production. However, experimental data for B12 production by gut microbes is scarce, especially on their produced B12-analogues. Further, the promotion of propionate production by microbially-produced and dietary B12 is not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrated B12 production in 6 out of 8 in silico predicted B12-producing bacteria from the human gut. Next, we showed in vitro that B12 produced by Blautia hydrogenotrophica, Marvinbryantia formatexigens, and Blautia producta promoted succinate to propionate conversion of two prevalent B12-auxotrophic gut bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Finally, we examined the propiogenic effect of commercially available B12-analogues present in the human diet (cyano-B12, adenosyl-B12 and hydroxy-B12) at two doses. The low dose resulted in partial conversion of succinate to propionate for A. muciniphila when grown with adenosyl-B12 (14.6 ± 2.4 mM succinate and 18.7 ± 0.6 mM propionate) and hydroxy-B12 (13.0 ± 1.1 mM and 21.9 ± 1.2 mM), in comparison to cyano-B12 (0.7 ± 0.1 mM and 34.1 ± 0.1 mM). Higher doses of adenosyl-B12 and hydroxy-B12 resulted in significantly more conversion of succinate to propionate in both propionate-producing species, compared to the low dose. B12 analogues have different potential to impact the propionate metabolism of prevalent propionate producers in the gut. These results could contribute to strategies for managing gut disorders associated with decreased propionate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palni Kundra
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Greppi
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monica Duppenthaler
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serafina Plüss
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Pugin
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annelies Geirnaert
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Shitanaka T, Fujioka H, Khan M, Kaur M, Du ZY, Khanal SK. Recent advances in microalgal production, harvesting, prediction, optimization, and control strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 391:129924. [PMID: 37925082 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The market value of microalgae has grown exponentially over the past two decades, due to their use in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and aquatic/animal feed industries. In particular, high-value products such as omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and pigments derived from microalgae have high demand. However, the supply of these high-value microalgal bioproducts is hampered by several critical factors, including low biomass and bioproduct yields, inefficiencies in monitoring microalgal growth, and costly harvesting methods. To overcome these constraints, strategies such as synthetic biology, bubble generation, photobioreactor designs, electro-/magnetic-/bioflocculation, and artificial intelligence integration in microalgal production are being explored. These strategies have significant promise in improving the production of microalgae, which will further boost market availability of algal-derived bioproducts. This review focuses on the recent advances in these technologies. Furthermore, this review aims to provide a critical analysis of the challenges in existing algae bioprocessing methods, and highlights future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Shitanaka
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Haylee Fujioka
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Muzammil Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Zhi-Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
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7
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Bouyahya A, Bakrim S, Chamkhi I, Taha D, El Omari N, El Mneyiy N, El Hachlafi N, El-Shazly M, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Goh KW, Ming LC, Goh BH, Aanniz T. Bioactive substances of cyanobacteria and microalgae: Sources, metabolism, and anticancer mechanism insights. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115989. [PMID: 38103309 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and microalgae contain various phytochemicals, including bioactive components in the form of secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and tannins, with remarkable anticancer effects. This review highlights the recent advances in bioactive compounds, with potential anticancer activity, produced by cyanobacteria and microalgae. Previous in vitro investigations showed that many of these bioactive compounds exhibit potent effects against different human cancer types, such as leukemia and breast cancers. Multiple mechanisms implicated in the antitumor effect of these compounds were elucidated, including their ability to target cellular, subcellular, and molecular checkpoints linked to cancer development and promotion. Recent findings have highlighted various mechanisms of action of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria and microalgae, including induction of autophagy and apoptosis, inhibition of telomerase and protein kinases, as well as modulation of epigenetic modifications. In vivo investigations have demonstrated a potent anti-angiogenesis effect on solid tumors, as well as a reduction in tumor volume. Some of these compounds were examined in clinical investigations for certain types of cancers, making them potent candidates/scaffolds for antitumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 10106, Morocco.
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnologies, and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Imane Chamkhi
- Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory (GeoBio), Geophysics, Natural Patrimony Research Center (GEOPAC), Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Mneyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 34025 Taouanate, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30003, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Cairo 11432, Egypt
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, 71800 Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre (SBMDC), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Biotechnology Laboratory (MedBiotech), Bioinova Research Center, Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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El-Ratel IT, El-Kholy KH, Mousa NA, El-Said EA. Impacts of selenium nanoparticles and spirulina alga to alleviate the deleterious effects of heat stress on reproductive efficiency, oxidative capacity and immunity of doe rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3519-3532. [PMID: 36688617 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2168198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dietary inclusion of spirulina platensis (SP) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) combination (SP-SeNPs) on the reproductive performance in vivo and in vitro, reproductive and metabolic hormones, hemato-bichemical parameters, oxidative stress, and immunity of heat-stressed doe rabbis were evaluated. All supplements significantly increased live litter size at birth and weaning, viability rate at birth, hemoglobin and red blood cells, and plasma T3, T4, insulin, total proteins and albumin compared with control. Plasma estradiol 17-β (pre-mating), progesterone (mid-pregnancy), and prolactin (day -7 postpartum) were significantly increased only by SeNPs (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mg/kg). All dietary supplements significantly reduced WBCs, cortisol, lipid profile, and improved liver and kidney functions. Immunoglobulins levels, antioxidants capacity were significantly increased, superoxide dismutase was increased by SeNPs (0.4 and 0.5 mg/kg), while malondialdehyde was reduced by 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 SeNPs mg/kg. Sexual receptivity, pregnancy rate, viability rate at weaning, ovulation rate, and embryo quality were significantly increased by increasing SeNPs above 0.1 mg, while embryo yield was increased by >0.2 mg SeNPs/kg. A combination of SP and SeNPs, could be potentially used as a strong antioxidant to enhance heat regulation and doe rabbit reproduction via improving reproductive and metabolic hormones, antioxidant status and immunological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nawal A Mousa
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman A El-Said
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Ashagrie H, Baye K, Guibert B, Seyoum Y, Rochette I, Humblot C. Cereal-based fermented foods as a source of folate and cobalamin: The role of endogenous microbiota. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113625. [PMID: 37986477 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Folate (vitamin B9) and cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiencies potentially affect millions of people worldwide, leading to different pathologies. In Ethiopia, the diet is characterized by high consumption of fermented cereal-based foods such as injera, a good source of folate but not of cobalamin, which is only found in foods of animal origin that are rarely consumed. Some of the bacteria responsible for the fermentation of cereals can synthesize cobalamin, but whether or not fermented cereal food products contain cobalamin remains underexplored. The objective of this study was to assess the folate and cobalamin content of injera collected from various households in Ethiopia at different stages of production. Global (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and specific (real-time PCR quantification of bacteria known for folate or cobalamin production) bacterial composition of these samples was assessed. UPLC-PDA was used to identify the cobalamin to see whether the active or inactive form was present. Surprisingly, teff flour contained 0.8 μg/100 g of cobalamin, most probably due to microbial contamination from the environment and the harvesting process. While fermentation increased the folate and cobalamin content in some households, their levels decreased in others. Conversely, cooking consistently reduced the level of the vitamins. Fresh injera contained, on average, 21.2 μg/100 g of folate and 2.1 μg/100 g of cobalamin, which is high, but with marked variation depending on the sample. However, the form of cobalamin was a corrinoid that is biologically inactive in humans. Injera fermentation was dominated by lactic acid bacteria, with significant correlations observed between certain bacterial species and folate and cobalamin levels. For example, a high proportion of Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, a known folate consumer, was negatively correlated with the folate content of injera. On the contrary, Lactobacillus coryniformis, known for its cobalamin synthesis ability was present in high proportion in the cobalamin-rich samples. These findings highlight the complex interrelationship between microorganisms and suggest the involvement of specific bacteria in the production of folate and cobalamin during injera fermentation. Controlled fermentation using vitamin-producing bacteria is thus a promising tool to promote folate and cobalamin production in fermented food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henok Ashagrie
- QualiSud, Université de Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de la Réunion, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Kaleab Baye
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Benjamin Guibert
- QualiSud, Université de Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de la Réunion, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Yohannes Seyoum
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Isabelle Rochette
- QualiSud, Université de Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de la Réunion, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Christèle Humblot
- QualiSud, Université de Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de la Réunion, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex, France.
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Fedosov SN, Nexo E, Heegaard CW, Goldin J, Mason JB. Protein binding assays for an accurate differentiation of vitamin B12 from its inactive analogue. A study on edible cricket powder. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100824. [PMID: 37780289 PMCID: PMC10534188 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactive analogues of vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) can mimic the active Cbl in food if using the traditional microbiological measurements. Thus, overestimated Cbl was recently revealed in edible insects employing immunoaffinity adsorption, HPLC-separation and mass spectrometry (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129048). Here we demonstrate the utility of a convenient binding assay to evaluate Cbl in edible cricket powders. The assay employed the Cbl-specific protein intrinsic factor (IF) and the analogue-detecting protein haptocorrin. The excessive analogues had a weak affinity for IF, resulting in a modest overestimate of Cbl. This overestimate was corrected by a novel mathematical procedure, based on the ratio of analogue/Cbl in the sample and their relative affinities for IF. We found that 100 g of cricket powders contained 40-60 µg of analogues and 0.75-2.2 μg of Cbl. This result was confirmed by HPLC. A correct approach to Cbl-measurements is essential for nutritional assessment of any analogue-containing food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N. Fedosov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, University Town 1874/81, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 161, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 161, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Christian W. Heegaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, University Town 1874/81, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Jarrod Goldin
- Entomo Farms, 31 Industrial Dr., Norwood, Ontario K0L 2V0, Canada
| | - Joel B. Mason
- U.S.D.A. Human Nutrition Research Center at Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, United States
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11
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Arivuselvam R, Dera AA, Parween Ali S, Alraey Y, Saif A, Hani U, Arumugam Ramakrishnan S, Azeeze MSTA, Rajeshkumar R, Susil A, Harindranath H, Kumar BRP. Isolation, Identification, and Antibacterial Properties of Prodigiosin, a Bioactive Product Produced by a New Serratia marcescens JSSCPM1 Strain: Exploring the Biosynthetic Gene Clusters of Serratia Species for Biological Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1466. [PMID: 37760761 PMCID: PMC10526024 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin pigment has high medicinal value, so exploring this compound is a top priority. This report presents a prodigiosin bioactive compound isolated from Serratia marcescens JSSCPM1, a new strain. The purification process of this compound involves the application of different chromatographic methods, including UV-visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Subsequent analysis was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to achieve a deeper understanding of the compound's structure. Finally, through a comprehensive review of the existing literature, the structural composition of the isolated bioactive compound was found to correspond to that of the well-known compound prodigiosin. The isolated prodigiosin compound was screened for antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compound inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacterial strains compared with Gram-positive bacterial strains. It showed a maximum minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli NCIM 2065 at a 15.9 ± 0.31 μg/mL concentration. The potential binding capabilities between prodigiosin and the OmpF porin proteins (4GCS, 4GCP, and 4GCQ) were determined using in silico studies, which are generally the primary targets of different antibiotics. Comparative molecular docking analysis indicated that prodigiosin exhibits a good binding affinity toward these selected drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaguru Arivuselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India
| | - Ayed A. Dera
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Syed Parween Ali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yasser Alraey
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Ahmed Saif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sivaa Arumugam Ramakrishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India
| | | | - Raman Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
| | - Aishwarya Susil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
| | - Haritha Harindranath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
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12
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Gomes Soares M, Bevilaqua GC, Marcondes Tassi ÉM, Reolon Schmidt VC. Fermented foods and beverages: a potential in situ vitamin B12 biofortification - a literature review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:655-667. [PMID: 37612883 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2248422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Millions of dollars have been increasingly spent on plant-based diets. Considering that vitamin B12 is obtained from the consumption of animal-derived foods, new sources of vitamin B12 and methods of food fortification are being eagerly sought. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate advances in situ fermentation processes of food and beverages produced on a large scale and industrial applications for obtaining cobalamin-rich products. Bibliometric analysis was performed and revealed that several studies report a great capacity for in situ biofortification of B12 in foods, mostly on the use of propionic (PB) and lactic (LAB) bacteria. In this context, market potentials for such products, the main microorganisms, including simultaneous cultures, and their respective applications have been presented herein. Although knowledge on potential applications is still limited, field research has been increasingly conducted, thus revealing scientific and technological opportunities, both for the production and the stability of B12 found in plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gomes Soares
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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13
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Roussel T, Halary S, Duval C, Piquet B, Cadoret JP, Vernès L, Bernard C, Marie B. Monospecific renaming within the cyanobacterial genus Limnospira (Spirulina) and consequences for food authorization. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad159. [PMID: 37558396 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The cyanobacterial genus, Limnospira (anc. Arthrospira Stizenberger ex Gomont 1892), commonly called "Spirulina", is widely used for commercial purposes because of its high protein content and beneficial probiotic metabolites. Thus, the taxonomy of this genus is important because of its consequences for food applications. METHODS AND RESULTS We constructed a database with formation on all Limnospira strains plus new ones from 72 new French isolates. We used a polyphasic approach (phylogenetic, phylogenomic, presence or absence of coding DNA sequences, morphological, and ultrastructure analyses) to confirm that the species A. platensis belonged to the genus Limnospira (L. platensis Gomont comb. nov. Basionym. Arthrospira platensis Gomont 1892) and that the genus Limnospira was monospecific, only represented by L. platensis. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the large intra-specific diversity of L. platensis, independent of the affiliations of the phylogenetic clades or geographical location of the habitats and the subsequent physiological and metabolic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théotime Roussel
- UMR7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Algama, 81 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Halary
- UMR7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Charlotte Duval
- UMR7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Bérénice Piquet
- Electron Microscopy Platform, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | - Léa Vernès
- Algama, 81 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Bernard
- UMR7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Benjamin Marie
- UMR7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 12 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Parmar P, Kumar R, Neha Y, Srivatsan V. Microalgae as next generation plant growth additives: Functions, applications, challenges and circular bioeconomy based solutions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1073546. [PMID: 37063190 PMCID: PMC10101342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1073546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture practices involve the application of environment-friendly plant growth promoters and additives that do not negatively impact the health of the ecosystem. Stringent regulatory frameworks restricting the use of synthetic agrochemicals and the increase in demand for organically grown crops have paved the way for the development of novel bio-based plant growth promoters. In this context, microalgae biomass and derived agrochemicals offer novel sources of plant growth promotors that enhance crop productivity and impart disease resistance. These beneficial effects could be attributed to the presence of wide range of biomolecules such as soluble amino acid (AA), micronutrients, polysaccharides, phytohormones and other signaling molecules in microalgae biomass. In addition, their phototrophic nature, high photosynthetic efficiency, and wide environmental adaptability make them an attractive source of biostimulants, biofertilizers and biopesticides. The present review aims to describe the various plant growth promoting metabolites produced by microalgae and their effects on plant growth and productivity. Further, the effects elicited by microalgae biostimulants with respect to different modes of applications such as seed treatments, foliar spray and soil/root drenching is reviewed in detail. In addition, the ability of microalgae metabolites to impart tolerance against various abiotic and biotic stressors along with the mechanism of action is discussed in this paper. Although the use of microalgae based biofertilizers and biostimulants is gaining popularity, the high nutrient and water requirements and energy intensive downstream processes makes microalgae based technology commercially unsustainable. Addressing this challenge, we propose a circular economy model of microalgae mediated bioremediation coupled with biorefinery approaches of generating high value metabolites along with biofertilizer applications. We discuss and review new trends in enhancing the sustainability of microalgae biomass production by co-cultivation of algae with hydroponics and utilization of agriculture effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Parmar
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raman Kumar
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yograj Neha
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vidyashankar Srivatsan
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Enhancing Digestibility of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Monogastric Diets: Strategies and Insights. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061017. [PMID: 36978557 PMCID: PMC10044532 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, such as Chlorella vulgaris (CV), have been identified as promising animal feed sources due to their high content of essential nutrients, including proteins, total lipids, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and pigments. This study aimed to review the digestibility, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability of nutrients from CV biomass, and to analyse strategies to enhance their digestibility in monogastric animal diets. The study conducted a systematic review of the literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, up until the end of January 2023. The results of adding CV to poultry and swine diets were diverse and depended on a number of variables. However, pre-treatments applied to CV biomass improved nutrient digestibility and accessibility. CV biomass, produced in a cost-effective manner, has the potential to serve as a supplement or substitute for expensive feed ingredients and improve animal health, physiology, and immune status. Variations in results may be due to differences in microalgal strain, cultivation conditions, and dietary inclusion levels, among other factors. This study provides new insights and perspectives into the utilization of CV biomass in animal diets, highlighting its potential as a valuable ingredient to improve nutrient utilization.
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16
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The Prospects of Algae-Derived Vitamins and Their Precursors for Sustainable Cosmeceuticals. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquatic algae are a rich source of a wide range of bioproducts intended to compete for a sizable global market share. Thanks to the gradual shift towards the use of natural products, microalgae-derived bioactive compounds offer an ecofriendly and vegan option to the cosmeceutical sector, whose products aim to improve skin health but currently consist of mostly synthetic chemicals. In particular, algae-derived vitamins and their precursors are being explored and widely used in the cosmeceuticals industry as compounds that contain biologically active ingredients with therapeutic benefits. The present review highlights the current strategies for industrial production of an array of vitamins from algae for cosmeceutical applications. When compared to traditional plant sources, algae have been found to accumulate vitamins, such as A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C and E, in high concentrations. The purpose of this review is to provide context for the development of a green and sustainable algae-derived bioeconomy by summarizing and comparing the current market for vitamins and precursors derived from algae, as well as presenting novel strategies and key findings from the most recent research in this area. Emphasis is placed on novel biotechnological interventions that encompass genetic modifications, genetic engineering, and media development to enhance vitamin biosynthesis.
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17
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Lima VS, de Oliveira DRB, da Silva CAS, Santana RDC, Soares NDFF, de Oliveira EB, Martins MA, Coimbra JSDR. Stabilization of oil-water emulsions with protein concentrates from the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:797-808. [PMID: 36712212 PMCID: PMC9873893 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work used water-soluble protein concentrates from the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus to stabilize sunflower oil emulsions. Microalgal cells were disrupted by sonication, and proteins were separated from the biomass using two methods, isoelectric and solvent precipitations. The protein extracts were concentrated by lyophilization, and the concentrates were used to produce emulsions with three amounts of Tetradesmus obliquus protein concentrate (TobPC) (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% w/v). Emulsions were homogenized through sonication and characterized for creaming index, optical microscopy, size distribution, ζ-potential, and rheology. Isoelectric precipitation resulted in TobPC with a high protein content (51.46 ± 2.37%) and a better dispersibility profile. Emulsion stability was higher for both the isoelectric TobPC and control systems than for the TobPC solvent. Solvent TobPC does not efficiently stabilize emulsions at low protein concentrations that showed microscopically larger oil droplets and flocculation spots. A high phase separation velocity was observed for solvent TobPC, probably due to the higher hydrodynamic droplet diameters. The increase in TobPC content in the emulsions resulted in more stable emulsions for all samples. Therefore, Tetradesmus obliquus protein concentrates are a potential emulsifying agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Sobreira Lima
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Davi Rocha Bernardes de Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - César Augusto Sodré da Silva
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Rejane de Castro Santana
- Departamento de Química (DEQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Marcio Aredes Martins
- Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola (DEA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário S/N, Viçosa, MG CEP 36570-900 Brazil
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18
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Qiu P, Song Z. Determination of Nicotinic Acid in Food and Pharmaceuticals by a Simple and Rapid Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA). ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2173220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qiu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaorui Song
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, China
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19
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Bioactivity and Digestibility of Microalgae Tetraselmis sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. as Basis of Their Potential as Novel Functional Foods. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020477. [PMID: 36678348 PMCID: PMC9861193 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that by 2050, the world's population will exceed 10 billion people, which will lead to a deterioration in global food security. To avoid aggravating this problem, FAO and WHO have recommended dietary changes to reduce the intake of animal calories and increase the consumption of sustainable, nutrient-rich, and calorie-efficient products. Moreover, due to the worldwide rising incidence of non-communicable diseases and the demonstrated impact of diet on the risk of these disorders, the current established food pattern is focused on the consumption of foods that have functionality for health. Among promising sources of functional foods, microalgae are gaining worldwide attention because of their richness in high-value compounds with potential health benefits. However, despite the great opportunities to exploit microalgae in functional food industry, their use remains limited by challenges related to species diversity and variations in cultivation factors, changes in functional composition during extraction procedures, and limited evidence on the safety and bioavailability of microalgae bioactives. The aim of this review is to provide an updated and comprehensive discussion on the nutritional value, biological effects, and digestibility of two microalgae genera, Tetraselmis and Nannochloropsis, as basis of their potential as ingredients for the development of functional foods.
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20
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Kaur M, Bhatia S, Gupta U, Decker E, Tak Y, Bali M, Gupta VK, Dar RA, Bala S. Microalgal bioactive metabolites as promising implements in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals: inspiring therapy for health benefits. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2023; 22:1-31. [PMID: 36686403 PMCID: PMC9840174 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in global population and shrinkage of agricultural land necessitates the use of cost-effective renewable sources as alternative to excessive resource-demanding agricultural crops. Microalgae seem to be a potential substitute as it rapidly produces large biomass that can serve as a good source of various functional ingredients that are not produced/synthesized inside the human body and high-value nonessential bioactive compounds. Microalgae-derived bioactive metabolites possess various bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-lipidemic, and anti-diabetic activities, thereof rapidly elevating their demand as interesting option in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods industries for developing new products. However, their utilization in these sectors has been limited. This demands more research to explore the functionality of microalgae derived functional ingredients. Therefore, in this review, we intended to furnish up-to-date knowledge on prospects of bioactive metabolites from microalgae, their bioactivities related to health, the process of microalgae cultivation and harvesting, extraction and purification of bioactive metabolites, role as dietary supplements or functional food, their commercial applications in nutritional and pharmaceutical industries and the challenges in this area of research. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - Surekha Bhatia
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - Urmila Gupta
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - Eric Decker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA USA
| | - Yamini Tak
- Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural University, Ummedganj, Kota India
| | - Manoj Bali
- Research & Development, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Center for Safe and Improved Food & Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC Barony Campus, Dumfries, Scotland, UK
| | - Rouf Ahmad Dar
- Sam Hiiginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211007 India
| | - Saroj Bala
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
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21
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Durdakova M, Kolackova M, Janova A, Krystofova O, Adam V, Huska D. Microalgae/cyanobacteria: the potential green future of vitamin B 12 production. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3091-3102. [PMID: 36222060 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2130156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the available information about potential sources of vitamin B12, especially for people who follow a vegan or vegetarian diet and inhabitants of poor countries in the developing world. Cyanobacteria and microalgae approved for food purposes can play a critical role as promising and innovative sources of this vitamin. This work involves a discussion of whether the form of vitamin B12 extracted from microalgae/cyanobacteria is biologically available to humans, specifically focusing on the genera Arthrospira and Chlorella. It describes analyses of their biomass composition, cultivation requirements, and genetic properties in B12 production. Furthermore, this review discusses the function of cobalamin in microalgae and cyanobacteria themselves and the possibility of modification and cocultivation to increase the content of B12 in their biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Durdakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Janova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Krystofova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
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AlFadhly NKZ, Alhelfi N, Altemimi AB, Verma DK, Cacciola F, Narayanankutty A. Trends and Technological Advancements in the Possible Food Applications of Spirulina and Their Health Benefits: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175584. [PMID: 36080350 PMCID: PMC9458102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirulina is a kind of blue-green algae (BGA) that is multicellular, filamentous, and prokaryotic. It is also known as a cyanobacterium. It is classified within the phylum known as blue-green algae. Despite the fact that it includes a high concentration of nutrients, such as proteins, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids—in particular, the necessary omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids—the percentage of total fat and cholesterol that can be found in these algae is substantially lower when compared to other food sources. This is the case even if the percentage of total fat that can be found in these algae is also significantly lower. In addition to this, spirulina has a high concentration of bioactive compounds, such as phenols, phycocyanin pigment, and polysaccharides, which all take part in a number of biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. As a result of this, spirulina has found its way into the formulation of a great number of medicinal foods, functional foods, and nutritional supplements. Therefore, this article makes an effort to shed light on spirulina, its nutritional value as a result of its chemical composition, and its applications to some food product formulations, such as dairy products, snacks, cookies, and pasta, that are necessary at an industrial level in the food industry all over the world. In addition, this article supports the idea of incorporating it into the food sector, both from a nutritional and health perspective, as it offers numerous advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal K. Z. AlFadhly
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- Correspondence: (N.K.Z.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Nawfal Alhelfi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Ammar B. Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Deepak Kumar Verma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.K.Z.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673008, Kerala, India
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Sohani E, Pajoum Shariati F, Pajoum Shariati SR. Assessment of various colored lights on the growth pattern and secondary metabolites synthesis in Spirulina platensis. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 53:412-423. [PMID: 35895500 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2098320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic aquatic microorganisms with light and dark photosynthesis reactions. In the present study, the effect of various light spectrums on light and dark reactions in Spirulina platensis was investigated. Chlorophyll a and phycocyanin as light reaction pigments and vitamin B12 as a product of dark reaction were examined. S. platensis was exposed to four different color LEDs (white, red, blue, and yellow) at a fixed intensity. In light reaction, chlorophyll-a has the highest amount in blue, red, white, and yellow by 61.23, 45.46, 34.85, and 22.55 mg·g-1, respectively. Those microalgae cultured in the blue color produced the highest amount of Chlorophyll a and c-phycocyanin. For C-phycocyanin, the highest to the lowest amount belong to blue, red, yellow, and white light by 168.6, 102.4, 85.77, and 53.81 mg·g-1. The amount of vitamin B12, from high to low is related to blue, red, white, and yellow light by 68.91, 59.73, 52.56, and 10.2 µg·g-1. The trend of vitamin B12's production was similar to the chlorophyll a. In conclusion, blue color can increase the production of vitamin B12 while keeping light reaction products at their highest level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Sohani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Pajoum Shariati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Molfetta M, Morais EG, Barreira L, Bruno GL, Porcelli F, Dugat-Bony E, Bonnarme P, Minervini F. Protein Sources Alternative to Meat: State of the Art and Involvement of Fermentation. Foods 2022; 11:2065. [PMID: 35885308 PMCID: PMC9319875 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat represents an important protein source, even in developing countries, but its production is scarcely sustainable, and its excessive consumption poses health issues. An increasing number of Western consumers would replace, at least partially, meat with alternative protein sources. This review aims at: (i) depicting nutritional, functional, sensory traits, and critical issues of single-cell proteins (SCP), filamentous fungi, microalgae, vegetables (alone or mixed with milk), and insects and (ii) displaying how fermentation could improve their quality, to facilitate their use as food items/ingredients/supplements. Production of SCP (yeasts, filamentous fungi, microalgae) does not need arable land and potable water and can run continuously, also using wastes and byproducts. Some filamentous fungi are also consumed as edible mushrooms, and others are involved in the fermentation of traditional vegetable-based foods. Cereals, pseudocereals, and legumes may be combined to offer an almost complete amino acid profile. Fermentation of such vegetables, even in combination with milk-based products (e.g., tarhana), could increase nutrient concentrations, including essential amino acids, and improve sensory traits. Different insects could be used, as such or, to increase their acceptability, as ingredient of foods (e.g., pasta). However, insects as a protein source face with safety concerns, cultural constraints, and a lack of international regulatory framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Molfetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (G.L.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Etiele G. Morais
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (E.G.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Luisa Barreira
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (E.G.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Giovanni Luigi Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (G.L.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (G.L.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Eric Dugat-Bony
- UMR SayFood, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (E.D.-B.); (P.B.)
| | - Pascal Bonnarme
- UMR SayFood, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (E.D.-B.); (P.B.)
| | - Fabio Minervini
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (G.L.B.); (F.P.)
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25
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Zhou L, Li K, Duan X, Hill D, Barrow C, Dunshea F, Martin G, Suleria H. Bioactive compounds in microalgae and their potential health benefits. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Zhou E, Li F, Zhang D, Xu D, Li Z, Jia R, Jin Y, Song H, Li H, Wang Q, Wang J, Li X, Gu T, Homborg AM, Mol JMC, Smith JA, Wang F, Lovley DR. Direct microbial electron uptake as a mechanism for stainless steel corrosion in aerobic environments. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118553. [PMID: 35561622 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is an attractive model microbe for elucidating the biofilm-metal interactions that contribute to the billions of dollars in corrosion damage to industrial applications each year. Multiple mechanisms for S. oneidensis-enhanced corrosion have been proposed, but none of these mechanisms have previously been rigorously investigated with methods that rule out alternative routes for electron transfer. We found that S. oneidensis grown under aerobic conditions formed thick biofilms (∼50 µm) on stainless steel coupons, accelerating corrosion over sterile controls. H2 and flavins were ruled out as intermediary electron carriers because stainless steel did not reduce riboflavin and previous studies have demonstrated stainless does not generate H2. Strain ∆mtrCBA, in which the genes for the most abundant porin-cytochrome conduit in S. oneidensis were deleted, corroded stainless steel substantially less than wild-type in aerobic cultures. Wild-type biofilms readily reduced nitrate with stainless steel as the sole electron donor under anaerobic conditions, but strain ∆mtrCBA did not. These results demonstrate that S. oneidensis can directly consume electrons from iron-containing metals and illustrate how direct metal-to-microbe electron transfer can be an important route for corrosion, even in aerobic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enze Zhou
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R., China
| | - Dake Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Zhong Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, USA
| | - Yuting Jin
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Huabing Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R., China
| | - Tingyue Gu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, USA
| | - Axel M Homborg
- Netherlands Defence Academy, P.O. Box 505, 1780AM, Den Helder, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes M C Mol
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Mekelweg 2, 2628CD Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica A Smith
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT, 06050, USA
| | - Fuhui Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Derek R Lovley
- Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
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Microalgae: Bioactive Composition, Health Benefits, Safety and Prospects as Potential High-Value Ingredients for the Functional Food Industry. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121744. [PMID: 35741941 PMCID: PMC9222421 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Global population is estimated to reach about 9.22 billion by 2075. The increasing knowledge on the relationship between food biochemistry and positive health gives an indication of the urgency to exploit food resources that are not only sustainable but also impact human health beyond basic nutrition. A typical example of such novel food is microalgae, an aquatic microorganism with a plethora of diverse bioactive compounds including phenolics, carotenoids, vitamin B12 and peptides. Microalgal bioactive compounds have been shown to possess positive health effects such as antihypertensive, anti-obesity, antioxidative, anticancer and cardiovascular protection. Although, the utilization of microalgal biomass by the functional food industry has faced lots of challenges because of species diversity and variations in biomass and cultivation factors. Other documented challenges were ascribed to changes in functional structures during extraction and purification due to inefficient bio-processing techniques, inconclusive literature information on the bioavailability and safety of the microalgal bioactive compounds and the fishy odor and taste when applied in food formulations. In spite of these challenges, great opportunities exist to exploit their utilization for the development of functional foods. Microalgae are a renewable resource and have fast growth rate. Therefore, detailed research is needed to bridge these challenges to pave way for large-scale commercialization of microalgal-based healthy foods. The focus of this review is to discuss the potential of microalgae as natural ingredients for functional food development, factors limiting their acceptance and utilization in the food industry as well as their safety concerns with respect to human consumption.
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Wang S, Mukhambet Y, Esakkimuthu S, Abomohra AELF. Integrated microalgal biorefinery – Routes, energy, economic and environmental perspectives. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2022; 348:131245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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29
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Hosseinkhani N, McCauley JI, Ralph PJ. Key challenges for the commercial expansion of ingredients from algae into human food products. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ahmad S, Iqbal K, Kothari R, Singh HM, Sari A, Tyagi V. A critical overview of upstream cultivation and downstream processing of algae-based biofuels: Opportunity, technological barriers and future perspective. J Biotechnol 2022; 351:74-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Babich O, Sukhikh S, Larina V, Kalashnikova O, Kashirskikh E, Prosekov A, Noskova S, Ivanova S, Fendri I, Smaoui S, Abdelkafi S, Michaud P, Dolganyuk V. Algae: Study of Edible and Biologically Active Fractions, Their Properties and Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060780. [PMID: 35336662 PMCID: PMC8949465 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial properties of algae make them perfect functional ingredients for food products. Algae have a high energy value and are a source of biologically active substances, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and macro- and microelements. They are also rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, mycosporine-like amino acids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, carotenoids, sterols, steroids, lectins, halogenated compounds, polyketides, alkaloids, and carrageenans. Different extraction parameters are used depending on the purpose and the substances to be isolated. In this study, the following parameters were used: hydromodule 1:10 and an extraction duration of 1-2 h at the extraction temperature of 25-40 °C. A 30-50% solution of ethanol in water was used as an extractant. Algae extracts can be considered as potential natural sources of biologically active compounds with antimicrobial activity and antiviral properties. The content of crude protein, crude fat, and carbohydrates in U. Prolifera, C. racemosa var. peltata (Chlorophyta), S. oligocystum and S. fusiforme (SF-1) was studied. It was found that C. muelleri (Bacillariophyta), I. galbana (Haptophyta), and T. weissflogii (Bacillariophyta) contain about 1.9 times more omega-3 than omega-6 fatty acids. N. gaditana (Ochrophyta), D. salina (Chlorophyta), P. tricornutum (Bacillaryophyta) and I. galbana (Haptophyta) extracts showed inhibitory activity of varying intensities against E. coli or P. aeruginosa. In addition, algae and algae-derived compounds have been proposed to offer attractive possibilities in the food industry, especially in the meat sector, to evolve functional foods with myriad functionalities. Algae can increase the biological activity of food products, while the further study of the structure of compounds found in algae can broaden their future application possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Babich
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Stanislav Sukhikh
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Viktoria Larina
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Olga Kalashnikova
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Egor Kashirskikh
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Alexander Prosekov
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia;
| | - Svetlana Noskova
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Natural Nutraceutical Biotesting Laboratory, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
- Department of General Mathematics and Informatics, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour Km 6 B.P. 117, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vyacheslav Dolganyuk
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.); (O.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.); (V.D.)
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
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Uma VS, Usmani Z, Sharma M, Diwan D, Sharma M, Guo M, Tuohy MG, Makatsoris C, Zhao X, Thakur VK, Gupta VK. Valorisation of algal biomass to value-added metabolites: emerging trends and opportunities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 22:1-26. [PMID: 35250414 PMCID: PMC8889523 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Algal biomass is a promising feedstock for sustainable production of a range of value-added compounds and products including food, feed, fuel. To further augment the commercial value of algal metabolites, efficient valorization methods and biorefining channels are essential. Algal extracts are ideal sources of biotechnologically viable compounds loaded with anti-microbial, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous and several therapeutic and restorative properties. Emerging technologies in biomass valorisation tend to reduce the significant cost burden in large scale operations precisely associated with the pre-treatment, downstream processing and waste management processes. In order to enhance the economic feasibility of algal products in the global market, comprehensive extraction of multi-algal product biorefinery is envisaged as an assuring strategy. Algal biorefinery has inspired the technologists with novel prospectives especially in waste recovery, carbon concentration/sequestration and complete utilisation of the value-added products in a sustainable closed-loop methodology. This review critically examines the latest trends in the algal biomass valorisation and the expansive feedstock potentials in a biorefinery perspective. The recent scope dynamics of algal biomass utilisation such as bio-surfactants, oleochemicals, bio-stimulants and carbon mitigation have also been discussed. The existing challenges in algal biomass valorisation, current knowledge gaps and bottlenecks towards commercialisation of algal technologies are discussed. This review is a comprehensive presentation of the road map of algal biomass valorisation techniques towards biorefinery technology. The global market view of the algal products, future research directions and emerging opportunities are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. S. Uma
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Group, Department of Atomic Energy, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Govt of India, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Zeba Usmani
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, 793101 India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, 793101 India
| | - Deepti Diwan
- School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Botany, Sri Avadh Raj Singh Smarak Degree College, Gonda, UP India
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College, Strand Campus, The Strand London, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - Maria G. Tuohy
- Molecular Glycobiotechnology Group, Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute and MaREI, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Charalampos Makatsoris
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College, Strand Campus, The Strand London, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - Xiaobin Zhao
- Future Business Cambridge, Cambond Limited, Centre Kings Hedges Road, Cambridge, CB4 2HY UK
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, EH9 3JG Edinburgh, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), 248007 Dehradun, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, EH9 3JG Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG UK
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Microalgal Biorefinery Concepts’ Developments for Biofuel and Bioproducts: Current Perspective and Bottlenecks. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052623. [PMID: 35269768 PMCID: PMC8910654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have received much interest as a biofuel feedstock. However, the economic feasibility of biofuel production from microalgae does not satisfy capital investors. Apart from the biofuels, it is necessary to produce high-value co-products from microalgae fraction to satisfy the economic aspects of microalgae biorefinery. In addition, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is considered as an alternative for the conventional wastewater treatment in terms of energy consumption, which is suitable for microalgae biorefinery approaches. The energy consumption of a microalgae wastewater treatment system (0.2 kW/h/m3) was reduced 10 times when compared to the conventional wastewater treatment system (to 2 kW/h/m3). Microalgae are rich in various biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, pigments, vitamins, and antioxidants; all these valuable products can be utilized by nutritional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. There are several bottlenecks associated with microalgae biorefinery. Hence, it is essential to promote the sustainability of microalgal biorefinery with innovative ideas to produce biofuel with high-value products. This review attempted to bring out the trends and promising solutions to realize microalgal production of multiple products at an industrial scale. New perspectives and current challenges are discussed for the development of algal biorefinery concepts.
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Russell C, Rodriguez C, Yaseen M. High-value biochemical products & applications of freshwater eukaryotic microalgae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151111. [PMID: 34695461 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A shift in public perception of the health and nutritional benefits of organic supplements and skin care products has led to a surge in high-value products being extracted from microalgae. Traditional forms of microalgae products were proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. However, in recent times the extraction of carotenoids (pigments), polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs), vitamins, phytosterols and polyphenols has increased significantly. Despite the diversity of products most research has failed to scale up production to industrial scale due to economic constraints and productivity capacities. It is clear that the main market drivers are the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This paper reviews the high-value products produced from freshwater eukaryotic microalgae. In addition, the paper also considers the biochemical properties of eukaryotic microalgae to provide a comparative analysis of different strains based on their high-value product content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Russell
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Mohammed Yaseen
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
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35
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van den Oever SP, Mayer HK. Biologically active or just” pseudo”-vitamin B12 as predominant form in algae-based nutritional supplements? J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Mohamed NG, Elbaz AM, Ibrahim NS. Synergistic effect of Spirulina platensis and selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, serum metabolites, immune responses, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broiler chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:768-779. [PMID: 33674946 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary Spirulina platensis (SP) at levels of 0, 5, and 10 g.kg-1 and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at 0, 0.1, and 0.2 mg.kg-1, individually and in combination, on heat-stressed broiler chickens for 5 weeks. Four hundred fifty one-day-old Ross-308 chicks were allocated to 9 dietary groups with 5 replicates (10 chicks each). The control diet was consisted of corn-soybean-based basal diet. The obtained results displayed a significant increase in final body weight (p = 0.005) and weight gain during the periods from 22 to 35 days (p = 0.002) and 1 to 35 days (p = 0.005) in birds fed supplemented diets compared to those fed control diet, with the highest being in birds fed with both 10 g SP and 0.1 mg SeNPs. Feed conversion ratio was also improved in birds fed supplemented compared to control group. Dietary supplements significantly improved carcass dressing (p < 0.001), carcass yield (p = 0.001) percentages, and blood lipid profile. Blood triiodothyronine was higher (p = 0.005) with all treated diets except that contain 5 g SP compared to the control, with the highest being in birds fed diet contains 5 g SP + 0.2 mg SeNPs. Immunoglobulin subclasses IgG, IgM, and IgA were higher in birds fed supplemented diets compared to the control group. Antibody titers to Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and infectious bursal disease were numerically increased with dietary supplementation compared to the control group. Dietary treatments increased (p < 0.001) glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, except diet contains 5 g SP for SOD level and decreased (p < 0.001) malondialdehyde level. It is concluded that dietary inclusion of SP and SeNPs, particularly their combination at levels 5 g SP plus 0.2 mg SeNPs kg-1 and 10 g SP plus 0.1 mg SeNPs kg-1, improved growth performance, carcass yield, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Noureldeen G Mohamed
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | | | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
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Spirulina platensis and biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles improve performance, antioxidant status, humoral immunity and dietary and ileal microbial populations of heat-stressed broilers. J Therm Biol 2022; 104:103195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Tian S, Wang F, Luo M, Yan F, Du K, Chen H, Gao S. Effect of
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
powder on rheological properties and fermentation characteristics of dough. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqi Tian
- College of Food science and Technology Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Food science and Technology Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China
| | - Mengyao Luo
- College of Food science and Technology Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China
| | - Feng Yan
- College of Food science and Technology Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China
| | - Ke Du
- College of Food science and Technology Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou China
| | - Hu Chen
- Kemen Noodle Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Changsha China
| | - Sensen Gao
- Kemen Noodle Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Changsha China
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Vegan Egg: A Future-Proof Food Ingredient? Foods 2022; 11:foods11020161. [PMID: 35053893 PMCID: PMC8774821 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegan eggs are designed with the aim to provide a healthier and more sustainable alternative to regular eggs. The major drivers of this industry are the increasing prevalence of egg allergies, awareness towards environmental sustainability, and the shift to vegan diets. This study intends to discuss, for the first time, the vegan egg market, including their formulation, nutritional aspects, and some applications (i.e., mayonnaise and bakery products). Recreating the complete functionality of eggs using plant-based ingredients is very challenging due to the complexity of eggs. Current, but scarce, research in this field is focused on making mixtures of plant-based ingredients to fit specific food formulations. Nutritionally, providing vegan eggs with similar or higher nutritional value to that of eggs can be of relevance to attract health-conscious consumers. Claims such as clean labels, natural, vegan, animal-free, gluten-free, and/or cholesterol-free can further boost the position of vegan eggs in the market in the coming year. At present, this market is still in its infancy stages, and clear regulations of labeling, safety, and risk assessment are deemed mandatory to organize the sector, and protect consumers.
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Nandagopal P, Steven AN, Chan LW, Rahmat Z, Jamaluddin H, Mohd Noh NI. Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Cyanobacteria for Growth Adaptation and Their Pharmacological Properties. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1061. [PMID: 34681158 PMCID: PMC8533319 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are the most abundant oxygenic photosynthetic organisms inhabiting various ecosystems on earth. As with all other photosynthetic organisms, cyanobacteria release oxygen as a byproduct during photosynthesis. In fact, some cyanobacterial species are involved in the global nitrogen cycles by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Environmental factors influence the dynamic, physiological characteristics, and metabolic profiles of cyanobacteria, which results in their great adaptation ability to survive in diverse ecosystems. The evolution of these primitive bacteria resulted from the unique settings of photosynthetic machineries and the production of bioactive compounds. Specifically, bioactive compounds play roles as regulators to provide protection against extrinsic factors and act as intracellular signaling molecules to promote colonization. In addition to the roles of bioactive metabolites as indole alkaloids, terpenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, ribosomal peptides, phenolic acid, flavonoids, vitamins, and antimetabolites for cyanobacterial survival in numerous habitats, which is the focus of this review, the bioactivities of these compounds for the treatment of various diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra Nandagopal
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia; (P.N.); (L.-W.C.); (Z.R.); (H.J.)
| | - Anthony Nyangson Steven
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Liong-Wai Chan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia; (P.N.); (L.-W.C.); (Z.R.); (H.J.)
| | - Zaidah Rahmat
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia; (P.N.); (L.-W.C.); (Z.R.); (H.J.)
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia
| | - Haryati Jamaluddin
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia; (P.N.); (L.-W.C.); (Z.R.); (H.J.)
| | - Nur Izzati Mohd Noh
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia; (P.N.); (L.-W.C.); (Z.R.); (H.J.)
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41
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Markou G. Bioprocess Optimization for the Production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis Biomass Enriched in the Enzyme Alkaline Phosphatase. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:142. [PMID: 34677215 PMCID: PMC8533315 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is gaining interest because it exerts bioactive properties and may be a potentially important therapeutic agent for many disorders and diseases. Microalgae are considered an important novel source for the production of diverse bio-compounds and are gaining momentum as functional foods/feeds supplements. So far, studies for the production of ALP are limited to mammalian and partly to some heterotrophic microbial sources after its extraction and/or purification. Methods: Arthrospira was cultivated under P-limitation bioprocess and the effect of the P-limitation degree on the ALP enrichment was studied. The aim of this work was to optimize the cultivation of the edible and generally-recognized-as-safe (GRAS) cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis for the production of single-cell (SC) biomass enriched in ALP as a potential novel functional diet supplement. Results: The results revealed that the relationship between intracellular-P and single-cell alkaline phosphatase (SC-ALP) activity was inverse; SC-ALP activity was the highest (around 50 U g-1) when intracellular-P was the lowest possible (around 1.7 mg-P g-1) and decreased gradually as P availability increased reaching around 0.5 U g-1 in the control cultures. Under the strongest P-limited conditions, a more than 100-fold increase in SC-ALP activity was obtained; however, protein content of A. platensis decreased significantly (around 22-23% from 58%). Under a moderate P-limitation degree (at intracellular-P of 3.6 mg-P g-1), there was a relatively high SC-ALP activity (>28 U g-1) while simultaneously, a relative high protein content (46%) was attained, which reflects the possibility to produce A. platensis enriched in ALP retaining though its nutritional value as a protein rich biomass source. The paper presents also results on how several parameters of the ALP activity assay, such as pH, temperature etc., and post-harvest treatment (hydrothermal treatment and biomass drying), influence the SC-ALP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgos Markou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, L. Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovrysi, Greece
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42
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Improvement in vitamin B 12 status of Wistar rats by supplementing the diet with Chlorella vulgaris biomass. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2021; 58:4270-4281. [PMID: 34538910 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The sources of bioavailable vitamin B12 are limited, and most of them are animal-derived. Chlorella vulgaris, a freshwater microalga, is known for immune system boosting, nutraceutical properties and presence of a natural form of vitamin B12. The present study focused on the in vivo evaluation of the Chlorella biomass as a source of bioavailable vitamin B12 to alleviate the vitamin B12 deficiency status of Wistar rats. Experimental animals were evaluated for the vitamin B12 deficiency-related circulatory marker (serum vitamin B12) and functional markers (plasma homocysteine and urinary methylmalonic acid), haematological and histological changes. The results showed that an increase of 2.4-fold in urinary methylmalonic acid (13.01 ± 0.89 µmoles moles of creatinine-1), 2.6-fold in plasma homocysteine (17.18 ± 3.57 µmole L-1), and 48% decrease in serum vitamin B12 levels (252.69 ± 1.46 pg mL-1) in vitamin B12 deficient group compared to control animals. The Chlorella biomass supplementation in the diet led to the restoration of the functional and circulatory markers, hematological parameters, and vitamin B12 content of kidney and liver to control levels. The Chlorella biomass supplementation increased the erythrocyte precursors and MAST cells in the bone marrow and also normalized the histological features of kidney, liver, and lung tissues. The results suggest that the vitamin B12 from the Chlorella biomass was bioavailable and facilitated the improvement of vitamin B12 status in deficient rats.
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43
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Wu J, Gu X, Yang D, Xu S, Wang S, Chen X, Wang Z. Bioactive substances and potentiality of marine microalgae. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5279-5292. [PMID: 34532034 PMCID: PMC8441504 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae is one of the most important components in the aquatic ecosystem, and they are increasingly used in food and medicine production for human consumption due to their rapid growth cycle and survival ability in the harsh environment. Now, the exploration of microalgae has been gradually deepening, mainly focused on the field of nutrition, medicine, and cosmetics. A great deal of studies has shown that microalgae have a variety of functions in regulating the body health and preventing disease, such as nitrogen fixation, antitumor, antivirus, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic. Furthermore, microalgae can synthesize various high-valued bioactive substances, such as proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and pigments. In this paper, we have briefly reviewed the research progress of main bioactive components in microalgae, proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, pigments, and other nutrients included, as well as their present application situation. This paper can provide the guidance for research and development of industrial production of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Wu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhouChina
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinzhe Gu
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Danlu Yang
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shannan Xu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhouChina
- Scientific Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary EcosystemGuangzhouChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering
Guangdong LaboratoryGuangzhouChina
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and TechnologyFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Biological Science and TechnologyFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zhengwu Wang
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Sarma S, Sharma S, Rudakiya D, Upadhyay J, Rathod V, Patel A, Narra M. Valorization of microalgae biomass into bioproducts promoting circular bioeconomy: a holistic approach of bioremediation and biorefinery. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:378. [PMID: 34367870 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for alternative source of fuel has demanded the cultivation of 3rd generation feedstock which includes microalgae, seaweed and cyanobacteria. These phototrophic organisms are unique in a sense that they utilise natural sources like sunlight, water and CO2 for their growth and metabolism thereby producing diverse products that can be processed to produce biofuel, biochemical, nutraceuticals, feed, biofertilizer and other value added products. But due to low biomass productivity and high harvesting cost, microalgae-based production have not received much attention. Therefore, this review provides the state of the art of the microalgae based biorefinery approach to define an economical and sustainable process. The three major segments that need to be considered for economic microalgae biorefinery is low cost nutrient source, efficient harvesting methods and production of by-products with high market value. This review has outlined the use of various wastewater as nutrient source for simultaneous biomass production and bioremediation. Further, it has highlighted the common harvesting methods used for microalgae and also described various products from both raw biomass and delipidified microalgae residues in order to establish a sustainable, economical microalgae biorefinery with a touch of circular bioeconomy. This review has also discussed various challenges to be considered followed by a techno-economic analysis of the microalgae based biorefinery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamali Sarma
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Shaishav Sharma
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Darshan Rudakiya
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Jinal Upadhyay
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Vinod Rathod
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Aesha Patel
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Madhuri Narra
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
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Quitral V, Sepúlveda M, Gamero-Vega G, Jiménez P. Seaweeds in bakery and farinaceous foods: A mini-review. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2021.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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46
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Spirulina platensis Protein as Sustainable Ingredient for Nutritional Food Products Development. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina platensis, microalgae, is emerging as a sustainable source for highly nutritional food ingredient production to cover the food demands of the global population. This study aimed to characterize food prototypes supplemented with microalgae protein isolate to develop health-promoting food products. The nutritional composition (proximate composition, fatty acids, and mineral content) of the spirulina biomass, the structural characterization of spirulina platensis protein (SPP) isolates, and the physicochemical properties of SPP- developed food products were evaluated. High protein (47%), ϒ-Linolenic acid (24.45 g/100 g of fat), iron (16.27 mg/100 g), calcium (207 mg/100 g), and potassium (1675 mg/100 g) content in the spirulina biomass was found. SPP (76% of purity) with sodium alginate produced stable emulsions (>90%) during storage (14 days). Amaranth + SPP pasta resulted in good appearance, texture, color, and high nutritional value in protein (above 30%) and minerals, mainly iron (9–10 mg/100 g) and magnesium (300 mg/100 g), meeting the daily intake recommendations. In addition, the amino acid profile of the pasta was in line with the amino acid pattern requirements for adults. SPP can be considered as potential additive for emulsions stability and provided nutritional and physicochemical desired in the elaborated pasta.
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Han R, Xiang R, Li J, Wang F, Wang C. High-level production of microbial prodigiosin: A review. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:506-523. [PMID: 33955034 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prodigiosin is a natural red pigment derived primarily from secondary metabolites of microorganisms, especially Serratia marcescens. It can also be chemically synthesized. Prodigiosin has been proven to have antitumor, antibacterial, antimalaria, anti-insect, antialgae, and immunosuppressive activities, and is gaining increasing important in the global market because of its great potential application value in clinical medicine development, environmental treatment, preparation of food additives, and so on. Due to the low efficiency of prodigiosin chemical synthesis, high-level prodigiosin of production by microorganisms are necessary for prodigiosin applications. In this paper, the production of prodigiosin by microorganism in recent decades is reviewed. The methods and strategies for increasing the yield of prodigiosin are discussed from the aspects of medium composition, additives, factors affecting production conditions, strain modification, and fermentation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Roujin Xiang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Fengqing Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
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48
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Transforming traditional nutrition paradigms with synthetic biology driven microbial production platforms. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Abstract
Several microalgae species have been exploited due to their great biotechnological potential for the production of a range of biomolecules that can be applied in a large variety of industrial sectors. However, the major challenge of biotechnological processes is to make them economically viable, through the production of commercially valuable compounds. Most of these compounds are accumulated inside the cells, requiring efficient technologies for their extraction, recovery and purification. Recent improvements approaching physicochemical treatments (e.g., supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric fields, among others) and processes without solvents are seeking to establish sustainable and scalable technologies to obtain target products from microalgae with high efficiency and purity. This article reviews the currently available approaches reported in literature, highlighting some examples covering recent granted patents for the microalgae’s components extraction, recovery and purification, at small and large scales, in accordance with the worldwide trend of transition to bio-based products.
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50
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Del Mondo A, Smerilli A, Sané E, Sansone C, Brunet C. Challenging microalgal vitamins for human health. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:201. [PMID: 33138823 PMCID: PMC7607653 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamins' deficiency in humans is an important threat worldwide and requires solutions. In the concept of natural biofactory for bioactive compounds production, microalgae represent one of the most promising targets filling many biotechnological applications, and allowing the development of an eco-sustainable production of natural bioactive metabolites. Vitamins are probably one of the cutting edges of microalgal diversity compounds. MAIN TEXT Microalgae can usefully provide many of the required vitamins in humans, more than terrestrial plants, for instance. Indeed, vitamins D and K, little present in many plants or fruits, are instead available from microalgae. The same occurs for some vitamins B (B12, B9, B6), while the other vitamins (A, C, D, E) are also provided by microalgae. This large panel of vitamins diversity in microalgal cells represents an exploitable platform in order to use them as natural vitamins' producers for human consumption. This study aims to provide an integrative overview on vitamins content in the microalgal realm, and discuss on the great potential of microalgae as sources of different forms of vitamins to be included as functional ingredients in food or nutraceuticals for the human health. We report on the biological roles of vitamins in microalgae, the current knowledge on their modulation by environmental or biological forcing and on the biological activity of the different vitamins in human metabolism and health protection. CONCLUSION Finally, we critically discuss the challenges for promoting microalgae as a relevant source of vitamins, further enhancing the interests of microalgal "biofactory" for biotechnological applications, such as in nutraceuticals or cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Del Mondo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Arianna Smerilli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabet Sané
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
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