1
|
Wang X, Zhao J, Gao M, Wang T, Zhang H. Mechanism of nano-plastics induced inflammation injury in vascular endothelial cells. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 154:624-634. [PMID: 40049902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2025]
Abstract
Nano-plastics, emerging pollutants in the environment, have raised global concern due to their widespread presence in daily life and the potential toxicity to human health. Upon entering human body, nano-plastics can readily interact with vascular endothelial cells within the bloodstream, potentially leading to endothelial dysfunction. However, our understanding of the toxic impact of nano-plastics on vascular endothelial cells remains insufficient, and the underlying mechanism are yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the toxicological effects of nano-plastics on EA.hy 926 endothelial cells. Exposure to different types of nano-plastics such as polystyrene (PS), amino-modified PS or carboxyl-modified PS, resulted in suppress cell activity, damage to the cell membrane, oxidative stress and significantly inhibit cell migration. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and small RNA-seq analyses revealed that numbers of genes and miRNAs were differentially expressed after nano-plastics treatment. CEBPB, a gene within the inflammation-related tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, was confirmed to be a target of miR-1908-5p, indicating that nano-plastics induced activation of CEBPB might promote inflammatory injury to vascular endothelial cells. These results enhance our understanding of the biological effects of nano-plastics and their potential impact on inflammation injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Mingyang Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bridgeman L, Cimbalo A, López-Rodríguez D, Pamies D, Frangiamone M. Exploring toxicological pathways of microplastics and nanoplastics: Insights from animal and cellular models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 490:137795. [PMID: 40043388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) represent an emerging issue for human and animal health. This review critically examines in vitro and in vivo studies to elucidate their mechanisms of action and toxicological effects. Key objectives included: providing a comprehensive overview of MP-NPs studies in literature, assessing experimental conditions relative to real environmental scenarios, and identifying toxicological pathways at the molecular level. The findings revealed significant progress in understanding MP-NPs impacts. In particular, it has been observed the promotion of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via specific signaling axes. Reproductive toxicity emerged as the primary research focus, particularly in male models, whereas effects on gastrointestinal, neurological, and cardiovascular systems were insufficiently studied, especially for the molecular pathways affected. Most studies disproportionately focused on polystyrene particles, neglecting other prevalent polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Furthermore, reliance on synthetic microspheres and non-realistic experimental concentrations limits relevance to real-world conditions. Limited long-term exposure studies further constrain the understanding of MP-NPs persistence and risks. In view of this, future research should integrate environmentally relevant conditions for particles doses, size and composition, long-term exposure assessments, and advanced methodologies such as omics and computational modeling. In addition, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative and ER stress, inflammation and apoptosis may be an excellent solution to mitigate MP-NPs toxicity. At the same time, a standardized global approach is needed to fully understand the risks posed by MP-NPs, attempting to safeguard public and environmental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luna Bridgeman
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Burjassot, València 46100, Spain
| | - Alessandra Cimbalo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Burjassot, València 46100, Spain
| | - David López-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Pamies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland; Stem Cell & Organoid Facility. University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Frangiamone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poinsignon L, Lefrère B, Ben Azzouz A, Chissey A, Colombel J, Djelidi R, Ferecatu I, Fournier T, Beaudeux JL, Lespes G, Zerrad-Saadi A. Exposure of the human placental primary cells to nanoplastics induces cytotoxic effects, an inflammatory response and endocrine disruption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 490:137713. [PMID: 40037196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Humans are inevitably exposed to micro- and nanoplastics (MP/NP). These particles are able to cross the biological barriers and enter the bloodstream with levels close to 1.6 µg mL-1; MP/NP have been detected in placentas and meconium of newborns. However, the consequences of this exposure on the integrity, development and functions of the human placenta are not documented. In this study, trophoblasts purified from human placentas at term were exposed for 48 h, to two different sizes of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NP) of 20 nm (PS-NP20) and 100 nm (PS-NP100), at environmental and supra-environmental concentrations (0.01-100 µg mL-1). Cell viability, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics, lysosomal degradation processes, autophagy, inflammation/oxidative responses and consequences for placental endocrine and angiogenic functions were assessed. PS-NP size determines their internalization rate and their behavior in trophoblasts. Indeed, PS-NP20 are more rapidly translocated, and accumulated in lysosomes as shown by confocal and TEM imaging. They induce higher cytotoxicity than PS-NP100, as early as 1 µg mL-1 (p < 0.05). In addition, they induce a pro-inflammatory cytokines response: IL-1ß is induced from 0.01 µg mL-1 for the both nanoparticle sizes; IL-6, and TNF-α are overexpressed at 100 µg mL-1 only for PS-NP20 (p < 0.05). For the first time, we report that PS-NP disrupt endocrine function, as observed by a decreased hCG release at concentrations found in human blood. This work, provides an in-depth in vitro assessment of the effects of PS-NP on the human placenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Poinsignon
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Bertrand Lefrère
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France; Service de Biochimie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Amani Ben Azzouz
- IPREM, CNRS, Université de Pau et des pays d'Adour, Pau 64000, France
| | - Audrey Chissey
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Juliette Colombel
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Raja Djelidi
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Ioana Ferecatu
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Thierry Fournier
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France
| | - Jean-Louis Beaudeux
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France; Service de Biochimie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Gaëtane Lespes
- IPREM, CNRS, Université de Pau et des pays d'Adour, Pau 64000, France
| | - Amal Zerrad-Saadi
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1139 (FPRM), Faculté de Pharmacie, FHU Prem'impact, Paris 75006, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vailionytė A, Uogintė I, Pajarskienė J, Bagdonas E, Jelinskas T, Ignatjev I, Byčenkienė S, Aldonytė R. In vitro effects of aged low-density polyethylene micro(nano)plastic particles on human airway epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2025; 374:126186. [PMID: 40185180 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/07/2025]
Abstract
Airborne micro(nano)plastic (MNP) pollution has emerged as a major global concern due to its increasingly worrying adverse health effects. Environmental weathering and UV irradiation of plastic waste, together with tire wear, generate airborne MNPs with irregular shapes and varied sizes, with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) being the predominant plastic type. However, knowledge of MNPs' toxicological effects remains scarce, as current in vitro research mainly focuses on commercial polystyrene beads. In this study, we investigated for the first time the toxicological effects of environmentally relevant aged LDPE MNPs on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). UV-aged LDPE fragments of irregular sizes and shapes were used to mimic real atmospheric particles, and BEAS-2B cells were exposed to 10-1000 μg/cm2 of LDPE MNPs. Our results showed that MNPs were internalized by BEAS-2B cells and promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized by reduced β-catenin and increased vimentin expression, enhanced motility, and disturbed cell cycle. Moreover, exposure to aged LDPE MNPs significantly increased intracellular ROS levels and reduced cell proliferation rate at the highest dose. LDPE MNPs triggered oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells through activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway, with impaired autophagic flux indicated by increased expression of p62 and LC3A/B. Importantly, LDPE MNP exposure significantly increased the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators (CD62E, CD62P, ICAM-1, IL-6, IL-8), accompanied by suppressive effects on mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic function at 1000 μg/cm2. Taken together, our findings suggest that inhalation of LDPE MNPs could impact the morphology and function of the human airway epithelium and respiratory health in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnė Vailionytė
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania; Department of Nanoengineering, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, 02300, Lithuania.
| | - Ieva Uogintė
- Department of Environmental Research, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Justina Pajarskienė
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania
| | - Edvardas Bagdonas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania
| | - Tadas Jelinskas
- Department of Nanoengineering, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, 02300, Lithuania
| | - Ilja Ignatjev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Steigvilė Byčenkienė
- Department of Environmental Research, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Aldonytė
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Michelini S, Mawas S, Kurešepi E, Barbero F, Šimunović K, Miremont D, Devineau S, Schicht M, Ganin V, Haugen ØP, Afanou AK, Izabelle C, Zienolddiny-Narui S, Jüngert K, Repar N, Fenoglio I, Šetina Batić B, Paulsen F, Mandić-Mulec I, Boland S, Erman A, Drobne D. Pulmonary hazards of nanoplastic particles: a study using polystyrene in in vitro models of the alveolar and bronchial epithelium. J Nanobiotechnology 2025; 23:388. [PMID: 40426130 PMCID: PMC12117733 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-025-03419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 04/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoplastics (NPs) are released into the environment through the degradation of plastic objects, leading to human exposure. Due to their small size, concerns have been raised about the potential hazards to the respiratory tract, as ultrafine and nanoparticles are known to penetrate till the alveolar regions of the lungs, potentially impairing their functions. Thus, in the present study, we used model polystyrene nanoparticles doped with the fluorescent metal europium (PS-Eu) to enhance the understanding of NPs hazard and investigate adverse outcomes associated with exposure in human lungs using alveolar (A549) and bronchial (Calu-3) cell models grown in 2D and 3D submerged conditions or quasi air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions (3D). RESULTS Briefly, after in-dept physicochemical characterization of the particles, we assessed their impact on ROS production, cell viability (AlamarBlue and lactate dehydrogenase assays) and barrier integrity (lucifer yellow assay and TEER measurement), finding no negative effects in either model. However, in alveolar cells, particles increased acidic organelle activity. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman microscopy showed, in both models, a dose- and cell-dependent particle uptake with PS-Eu accumulating in numerous and large endo-lysosomes, which, in transwells-grown A549 cells, often contained also lamellar bodies (LBs), organelles involved in surfactants storage and secretion. After extensively quantifying surfactant proteins (SP) in the pellet and supernatant fractions of treated A549 cells, we observed a significant reduction in several members of this family, including surfactant protein B, which is crucial for lamellar body formation and surface tension regulation in the lungs. In quasi-ALI Calu-3 cultures instead, PS-Eu significantly upregulated interleukin 6 (IL-6) and increased transforming growth factor beta β (TGF-β), zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), and mucin (MUC) 5B mRNA expressions causing a moderate proinflammatory response. CONCLUSION Our results show that PS-Eu exposure does not induce acute cytotoxicity in these models, but affects cell-specific functions like surfactant, mucin, and cytokine production. This underscores the limitations of relying solely on standard cytotoxicity tests for particle hazard assessment and highlights the importance of investigating cell function-specific signaling pathways. To support researchers in hazard assessment, we propose specific classes of biomarkers to test in in vitro lung models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Michelini
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Safaa Mawas
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Ema Kurešepi
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Francesco Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Toxicity and Biocompatibility of Materials, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Katarina Šimunović
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dorian Miremont
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Devineau
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Martin Schicht
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Victor Ganin
- Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Charlotte Izabelle
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR612, Inserm US25, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Facility, Paris, France
| | | | - Katharina Jüngert
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Neža Repar
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ivana Fenoglio
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Toxicity and Biocompatibility of Materials, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ines Mandić-Mulec
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sonja Boland
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Andreja Erman
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Wu C, Wang Q. Toxicity of Engineered Nanoparticles in Food: Sources, Mechanisms, Contributing Factors, and Assessment Techniques. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025. [PMID: 40418745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2025]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in food systems has raised concerns about their toxicity and potential health risks. To provide a comprehensive evaluation, a structured literature search was conducted using databases such as Web of Science and PubMed, focusing on studies published in the past ten years that examine ENP exposure pathways, toxicity mechanisms, contributing factors, and risk assessment strategies. This review first explores the diverse sources of ENPs, including food additives, nanocarriers, packaging, agricultural practices, and environmental contamination. Upon ingestion, ENPs undergo complex transformations within the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT), causing oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, potentially leading to systemic toxicity in vital organs. The toxicity of ENPs is influenced by their physicochemical properties, food matrix effects, GIT conditions, and host-specific factors. This review further discusses current toxicity assessment methodologies, including in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and emerging technologies. Finally, we identify critical research gaps, such as the lack of long-term exposure studies and limited evaluations of organic ENPs. By providing a comprehensive analysis of ingested ENP toxicity, this review aims to guide safer ENP applications and mitigate potential health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Changqing Wu
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bu N, Du Q, Xiao T, Jiang Z, Lin J, Chen W, Fan B, Wang J, Xia H, Cheng C, Bian Q, Liu Q. Mechanism of S-Palmitoylation in Polystyrene Nanoplastics-Induced Macrophage Cuproptosis Contributing to Emphysema through Alveolar Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis. ACS NANO 2025; 19:18708-18728. [PMID: 40335889 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2025]
Abstract
More than microplastics, nanoplastics may pose a greater toxic effect on humans due to their unique physicochemical properties. Currently, research on lung diseases caused by respiratory exposure to nanoplastics is scarce, with epigenetic mechanisms warranting further investigation. In the present study, we exposed rats to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) via an oral-nasal exposure system and found that PS-NPs exposure resulted in emphysema. Mechanistically, PS-NPs entered macrophages and competitively bound to sigma nonopioid intracellular receptor 1 (SIGMAR1), leading to an increase in free zDHHC palmitoyltransferase 14 (zDHHC14). This, in turn, caused elevated palmitoylation of solute carrier family 31 member 1 (SLC31A1) in macrophages, inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation, thereby enhancing SLC31A1 expression. The increased expression of SLC31A1 promoted cuproptosis of macrophages and elevated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion, which activated the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3/matrix metallopeptidase 9 (NLRP3/MMP-9) pathway in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). This process mediated pyroptosis and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in the destruction of alveolar structure and development of emphysema. The findings demonstrate a previously unknown molecular mechanism by which PS-NPs induce emphysema. The findings have implications for the prevention and treatment of respiratory system damage caused by nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Bu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Du
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Institute of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Jiang
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaheng Lin
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyong Chen
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Fan
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Institute of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Xia
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Bian
- Institute of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Viana M, Tonin FS, Ladeira C. Assessing the Impact of Nanoplastics in Biological Systems: Systematic Review of In Vitro Animal Studies. J Xenobiot 2025; 15:75. [PMID: 40407539 PMCID: PMC12101406 DOI: 10.3390/jox15030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2025] [Revised: 05/08/2025] [Accepted: 05/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastic (NP) pollution has emerged as a growing concern due to its potential impact on human health, although its adverse effects on different organ systems are not yet fully understood. This systematic scoping review, conducted in accordance with international guidelines, aimed to map the current evidence on the biological effects of NPs. In vitro animal studies assessing cellular damage caused by exposure to any type of NP were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data on primary outcomes related to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity (cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA and cytoplasmic damage, apoptosis) were extracted from the included studies, and overall reporting quality was assessed. A total of 108 articles published between 2018 and 2024, mostly by China (54%), Spain (14%), and Italy (9%), were included. Polystyrene (PS) was the most frequently studied polymer (85%). NP sizes in solution ranged from 15 to 531 nm, with a higher prevalence in the 40-100 nm range (38%). The overall quality of studies was rated as moderate (60%), with many lacking essential details about cell culture conditions (e.g., pH of the medium, passage number, substances used). A higher frequency of negative effects from NP exposure was observed in respiratory cell lines, while immune, digestive, and hepatic cell lines showed greater resistance. Nervous, urinary, and connective tissue systems were impacted by NPs. Positively charged and smaller PS particles were consistently associated with higher toxicity across all systems. In summary, this review highlights the multifactorial nature of NP toxicity, influenced by size, surface charge, and polymer type. It also reveals a significant knowledge gap, stemming from the predominant use of immortalized monocultures exposed to commercially available PS NPs, the limited use of environmentally relevant particles, and the underutilization of advanced experimental models (e.g., organ-on-chip systems) that better mimic physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Viana
- ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda S. Tonin
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Social and Legal Pharmacy Section, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carina Ladeira
- ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal;
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal;
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu Y, Yao Y, Shen Y, Bai H, Zhang L, Zhang C. Nanoplastics Chronic Toxicity in Mice: Disturbing the Homeostasis of Tryptophan Metabolism in Gut-Lung-Microbiota Axis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2025:e2412286. [PMID: 40351096 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to nanoplastics causes chronic toxicity in mammals, particularly in the gut and lung tissues. The gut-lung-microbiota axis plays a pivotal role in organisms through the management of gut bacteria amino acid metabolic homeostasis. However, chronic toxicity of nanoplastics from gut to lungs have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, nanoplastics exposure not only causes colon inflammation but also results in lung fibrosis. The abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) is decreased after nanoplastics exposure. Interestingly, a positive correlation is observed between AKK and indole-3-lactic (ILA). Supplementation with AKK or ILA ameliorated nanoplastics-induced gut-derived lung injury by restoring the balance of tryptophan metabolism. Furthermore, knocking down indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (ido1) upregulated ILA levels, contributing to defense against damage from nanoplastics. These results suggest that regulating ido1 expression and AKK abundance, involved in tryptophan metabolic homeostasis (especially ILA production), maybe a strategy to reduce the biological toxicity induced by nanoplastics. Mogroside V, a natural product, is found to promote AKK growth and inhibit ido1, thereby ameliorating chronic toxicity induced by nanoplastics. The study offers a new understanding of how nanoplastics cause chronic toxicity by dysregulating gut-lung-microbiota axis, as well as strategies for preventing and treating nanoplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Wu
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yongrong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hangjia Bai
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Louqian Zhang
- Department of Thoratic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang M, Bu W, Wang X, Ruan J, Shi W, Yu S, Huang L, Xue P, Tang J, Zhao X, Su L, Cheng D. Pulmonary fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapies. J Transl Med 2025; 23:515. [PMID: 40340941 PMCID: PMC12063347 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-025-06514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 04/18/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and abnormal fibroblast proliferation, which is mainly caused by air pollution, smoking, aging, occupational exposure, environmental pollutants exposure, and microbial infections. Although antifibrotic agents such as pirfenidone and nintedanib, approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), can slow the decline in lung function and disease progression, their side effects and delivery inefficiency limit the overall prognosis of PF. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic targets and delivery approaches for PF in clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the pathogenic mechanisms, therapeutic drug targeting signaling pathways, and promising drug delivery strategies for treating PF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Wenxia Bu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Jialing Ruan
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Weijian Shi
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Siqi Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Liling Su
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China.
| | - Demin Cheng
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fu J, Chen Y, Wang S. Protein corona as a mediator in antibiotic adsorption onto microplastics: Mechanisms and implications. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 311:143982. [PMID: 40334886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2025] [Revised: 04/23/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025]
Abstract
Microplastics are emerging pollutants capable of adsorbing antibiotics in the environment through interactions mediated by biological molecules such as proteins, ultimately posing risks to human health. However, direct evidence demonstrating that microplastics and antibiotics form chemical-adsorption products has not been explored. One key mechanism contributing to their co-exposure risks during their transmission is biofilm formation, particularly the development of a protein corona, which may also serve as a potential virulence mechanism. In this study, the interactions and adsorption processes among microplastics, proteins, and antibiotics within biofilm formation were innovatively analysed using molecular docking. Hydrophobic interactions contributing to the formation of a stable protein corona have been evidenced even in vitro digestive simulations. Notably, the presence of a protein corona on microplastics enhances the maximum adsorption capacity of antibiotics by 51.9 ± 2.7 %-64.7 ± 3.5 %, without affecting the chemical adsorption mode on Site II or the heterogeneous diffusion mechanism. Furthermore, compared to previous studies, this research provides compelling evidence that sulfamethoxazole interacts with Glu 166 in Site II of bovine serum albumin with high accuracy. Overall, this study addresses a previously overlooked aspect of toxicological research by offering new insights into pollutant adsorption facilitated by the protein corona on microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; Institute of Dietary Nutrition and Health Food, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Yuhang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; Institute of Dietary Nutrition and Health Food, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cao J, Wu Q, Liu X, Zhu X, Huang C, Wang X, Song Y. Mechanistic insight on nanomaterial-induced reactive oxygen species formation. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 151:200-210. [PMID: 39481933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely related to cell death, proliferation and inflammation. However, excessive ROS levels may exceed the cellular oxidative capacity and cause irreversible damage. Organisms are often inadvertently exposed to nanomaterials (NMs). Therefore, elucidating the specific routes of ROS generation induced by NMs is crucial for comprehending the toxicity mechanisms of NMs and regulating their potential applications. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the toxicity mechanisms and applications of NMs from three perspectives: (1) Organelle perspective. Investigating the impact of NM-mediated ROS on mitochondria, unraveling mechanisms at the organelle level. (2) NMs' perspective. Exploring the broad applications and biosafety considerations of Nanozymes, a unique class of NMs. (3) Cellular system. Examining the toxic effects and mechanisms of NMs in cells at a holistic cellular level. Expanding on these perspectives, the paper scrutinizes the regulation of Fenton reactions by NMs in organisms. Furthermore, it introduces diseases resulting from NM-mediated ROS at the organism level. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for studying NM-mediated mechanisms at both cellular and organism levels, offering considerations for the safe design of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingchun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kong L, Li S, Fu Y, Cai Q, Zhai Z, Liang J, Ma T. Microplastics/nanoplastics contribute to aging and age-related diseases: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a crucial role. Food Chem Toxicol 2025; 199:115355. [PMID: 40020987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/03/2025]
Abstract
The pervasive utilization of plastic products has led to a significant escalation in plastic waste accumulation. Concurrently, the implications of emerging pollutants such as microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) on human health are increasingly being acknowledged. Recent research has demonstrated that MPs/NPs may contribute to the onset of human aging and age-related diseases. Additionally, MPs/NPs have the potential to induce mitochondrial damage, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely recognized as a hallmark of aging; thus, it is necessary to elucidate the relationship between them. In this article, we first elucidate the distribution of MPs/NPs in various environmental media, their pathways into the human body, and their subsequent distribution within human tissues and organs. Subsequently, we examine the interplay between MPs/NPs, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the aging process. We aspire that this article will enhance awareness regarding the toxicity of MPs/NPs while also offering a theoretical framework to support the development of improved regulatory policies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Kong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinyun Cai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Tan Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Magosso N, Souza PV, Moreira MF, Rocha VA, Fioretto MN, Pinha VC, Maia GA, Maria VLRS, Barata LA, Frigoli GF, Fernandes GSA, Arena AC, Scarano WR. Maternal exposure to phthalates and nanoplastics, isolated or combined: Impacts on placental structure, development, and antioxidant defense as a trigger for maternal-fetal adversities. Reprod Toxicol 2025; 135:108930. [PMID: 40294660 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2025.108930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Revised: 04/23/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
The placenta is an essential maternal-fetal organ for the healthy development of the fetus, linking maternal and fetal circulations. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as phthalates derived from plastic residues, may impair offspring development and increase the risk of metabolic disorders. Plastics also degrade into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), which can cross the placenta, carrying EDCs and impacting fetal development. The objective of this study was to investigate whether gestational exposure to a phthalate mixture (PM) and NPs interferes with the maternal-fetal interface, altering female reproductive efficiency and placental morphophysiology. Pregnant SD rats were divided into 6 groups: CTR(control; vehicle), T1(20 μg/kg/day-PM), T2(200 mg/kg/day-PM), T3(1 mg/kg/day NPs-100nm), T4(20 μg/kg/dayPM+1 mg/kg/day-NPs-100nm), and T5(200 mg/kg/day-PM+1 mg/kg/day-NPs-100 nm). Treatment was administered orally from gestational day 5 (GD5) to GD20. At GD20, 5-8 rats from each group were anesthetized and underwent laparotomy, and blood, ovaries, uterus, and placentas were analyzed. There was an increase in pre-implantation loss in T3, T4 and T5 groups, a reduction in placental weight, and an increase in placental efficiency in male offspring in T3 group. An increase in the number of fetuses small for gestational age was observed in T3 and T5 vs. C. Furthermore, the treatment caused an increase in the expression of targets related to trophoblast cell differentiation in T5, and growth factors related to angiogenesis in the placenta in T3 and T4 groups. There was a decrease in TBARS, SOD, and GSTpi levels in T2, while CAT increased in T3, suggesting that these pollutants modulate placental gene expression and energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Magosso
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrick Vieira Souza
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirella Franco Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Aguiar Rocha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Naia Fioretto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Victória Cristina Pinha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Aquino Maia
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luisa Annibal Barata
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Fachetti Frigoli
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Arielle Cristina Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Wellerson Rodrigo Scarano
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xue D, Huang J, Sun X, Zhang W, Ma H, Yin D, Wang Y, Wang J, Yang C, Geng Q. Dissection of the potential mechanism of polystyrene microplastic exposure on cardiomyocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 973:179048. [PMID: 40101404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the global biosphere, have widespread contact with humans, and increase exposure risks. Increasing evidence indicates that MPs exposure increases the risks of cardiovascular disease, however, a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental cellular mechanisms has yet to be undertaken. In this study, we used AC16 cells as a model and exposed them to 10 to 50 μg/mL of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs), chosen based on the average daily intake and absorption of MPs by humans, to investigate their roles and mechanisms in cell injury. Proteomic analysis reveals that PS-MP-induced differentially expressed genes were enriched on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy-related entries. The findings from immunofluorescence and western blotting provided further verification of the activation of ER stress by PS-MPs. Although the expression of LC3-II, a canonical autophagy marker was increased, PS-MPs inhibited autophagic flux instead of inducing autophagy. Importantly, ER stress not only contributes to PS-MPs-induced cell injury but also involved in PS-MPs-induced autophagic flux inhibition. Furthermore, the inhibition of autophagy, and the partial restoration of cell injury induced by PS-MPs was achieved through the activation of autophagy. Overall, the results reveal that activation of ER stress and inhibition of autophagic flux plays a significant role in the cell injury caused by PS-MPs in human cardiomyocytes, offering a novel perspective on the mechanism behind MPs-induced cardiomyocyte toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahui Xue
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jingnan Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Da Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Cardiovascular Minimally Invasive Medical Engineering Technology Research and Development Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.; State Key Laboratory for Quality Esurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Qingshan Geng
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Teng M, Li Y, Zhao L, White JC, Sun J, Zhang Z, Chen L, Zhu J, Wu F. Life cycle exposure to differentially charged polystyrene nanoplastics leads to gender-specific particle accumulation and neurotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2025; 198:109441. [PMID: 40209392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/12/2025]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have been widely detected in freshwater environments and photodegradation, as well as physical and chemical breakdown, lead to different surface charges on the plastics. Although evidence in the literature highlights the importance of NPs surface charge to neurotoxicity, substantial gaps in mechanistic understanding remain. In the current study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to differentially charged NPs (PS, PS-NH2, PS-COOH) at environmentally relevant concentration (10 μg/L). After full life cycle exposure, the potential neurotoxicity, brain damage, and the altered brain metabolism was investigated through light sheet microscopy 3-dimensional imaging, histopathology, Evans blue dye (EBD) extravasation, gene expression, and untargeted and targeted metabolomics of brain tissue in zebrafish. Exposure to PS, PS-NH2, PS-COOH caused adverse effects on the performance of neurobehaviors, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability, amino acid metabolism, damage to the BBB and mitochondria, and overt inflammatory response. PS-NH2 (4.56-fold) and PS-COOH (3.59-fold) accumulated in the reticular formation (RF) of the male brain, while only PS-NH2 was detected in the RF (6.57-fold) and ventral hypothalamus (Hv) (3.08-fold) of female brains. Several important biological pathways were negatively impacted in a charge- and gender-specific fashion. This study provides novel insights into the underlying toxicity mechanisms of differentially charged NPs in a model aquatic species, as well as the associated environmental risks of this important group of emerging contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lihui Zhao
- College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven CT 06511, USA
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Li Chen
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee SE, Kim DY, Jeong TS, Park YS. Micro- and Nano-Plastic-Induced Adverse Health Effects on Lungs and Kidneys Linked to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2025; 15:392. [PMID: 40141737 PMCID: PMC11944196 DOI: 10.3390/life15030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are small plastic particles that result from the breakdown of larger plastics. They are widely dispersed in the environment and pose a threat to wildlife and humans. MNPs are present in almost all everyday items, including food, drinks, and household products. Air inhalation can also lead to exposure to MNPs. Research in animals indicates that once MNPs are absorbed, they can spread to various organs, including the liver, spleen, heart, lungs, thymus, reproductive organs, kidneys, and even the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, MPs can transport persistent organic pollutants or heavy metals from invertebrates to higher levels in the food chain. When ingested, the additives and monomers that comprise MNPs can disrupt essential biological processes in the human body, thereby leading to disturbances in the endocrine and immune systems. During the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a significant increase in the global use of polypropylene-based face masks, leading to insufficient waste management and exacerbating plastic pollution. This review examines the existing research on the impact of MNP inhalation on human lung and kidney health based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Over the past decades, a wide range of studies suggest that MNPs can impact both lung and kidney tissues under both healthy and diseased conditions. Therefore, this review emphasizes the need for additional studies employing multi-approach analyses of various associated biomarkers and mechanisms to gain a comprehensive and precise understanding of the impact of MNPs on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Do Yun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Seung Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seek Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun J, Zhao N, Zhang R, Li Y, Yu T, Nong Q, Lin L, Yang X, Luan T, Chen B, Huang Y. Metabolic landscape of human alveolar type II epithelial cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced directly by silica exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 149:676-687. [PMID: 39181677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis. However, molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed. Herein, metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549 cells) exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches. A total of 84 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT, which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids (e.g., glutamate, alanine, aspartate), purine metabolism, glycolysis, etc. The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica. Remarkably, glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells, and the levels of related metabolites (e.g., succinate) and enzymes (e.g., α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) dehydrogenase) were substantially up-regulated, with a preference to α-KG pathway. Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail (zinc finger transcription factor). Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yizheng Li
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Tiantian Yu
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 540080, China
| | - Qiying Nong
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xubin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; State Key Lab of Bioresource and Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Baowei Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China.
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li H, Bai L, Liang S, Chen X, Gu X, Wang C, Gu C. The wheel of time: The environmental dance of aged micro- and nanoplastics and their biological resonance. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH 2025; 4:100138. [PMID: 40083903 PMCID: PMC11903806 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2025.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 12/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
The aging of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) significantly affects their environmental behavior and ecological impacts in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This review explored the known effects of aging on MNPs and identified several key perspectives. Firstly, aging can alter the environmental fate and transport of MNPs due to changes in their surface properties. This alteration accelerates their accumulation in specific habitats like oceans and soils, resulting in increased bioaccumulation by organisms. In addition, aged MNPs interact differently with living organisms than their pristine counterparts by influencing the attachment of biofilms and other microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems. Moreover, the aging processes of MNPs exhibit adverse effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms via increasing the bioavailability and potential toxicity of MNPs as degradation products are released. Last but not least, the biodegradation potential of MNPs can be altered by the aging process, thus affecting their degradation rates and pathways in the environment. However, there are still knowledge gaps regarding the natural aging behaviors of MNPs, such as the aging mechanisms of different types of plastic, the influence of environmental factors, the release of pollutants, and even the effects of aging on their transformation in different ecosystems. Therefore, a great contribution can be made to sustainable plastic use and environmental preservation by studying the natural aging of common MNPs and their subsequent biological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lihua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sijia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information·Technology, Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shen Z, Tian K, Tang J, Wang L, Zhang F, Yang L, Ge Y, Jiang M, Zhao X, Yang J, Chen G, Wang X. Exposure to Nanoplastics During Pregnancy Induces Brown Adipose Tissue Whitening in Male Offspring. TOXICS 2025; 13:171. [PMID: 40137498 PMCID: PMC11945425 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13030171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2025] [Revised: 02/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) have been recognized as emerging environmental pollutants with potential health impacts, particularly on metabolic disorders. However, the mechanism by which gestational exposure to PSNPs induces obesity in offspring remains unclear. This study, focused on the whitening of brown adipose tissue (BAT), aims to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms by which prenatal exposure to PSNPs promotes obesity development in mouse offspring. METHODS AND RESULTS Pregnant dams were subjected to various doses of PSNPs (0 µg/µL, 0.5 µg/µL, and 1 µg/µL), and their offspring were analyzed for alterations in body weight, adipose tissue morphology, thermogenesis, adipogenesis, and lipophagy. The findings revealed a notable reduction in birth weight and an increase in white adipocyte size in adult offspring mice. Notably, adult male mice exhibited BAT whitening, correlated with a negative dose-dependent downregulation of UCP1 expression, indicating thermogenesis dysfunction. Further investigation revealed augmented lipogenesis evidenced by the upregulation of FASN, SREBP-1c, CD36, and DGAT2 expression, coupled with the inhibition of lipophagy, indicated by elevated levels of mTOR, AKT, and p62 proteins and reduced levels of LC3II/LCI and Lamp2 proteins in male offspring. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that gestational PSNP exposure plays a role in the development of obesity in offspring through the whitening of brown adipose tissue, which is triggered by lipogenesis and lipophagy inhibition, providing a novel insight into the metabolic risks associated with gestational PSNPs exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Shen
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Kai Tian
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jiayi Tang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lin Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Fangsicheng Zhang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lingjuan Yang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yufei Ge
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mengna Jiang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jinxian Yang
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Qidong 226236, China;
| | - Guangdi Chen
- Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.S.); (K.T.); (J.T.); (L.W.); (F.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.G.); (M.J.); (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tian Z, Wang X, Chen S, Guo Z, Di J, Xiang C. Mitochondria-Targeted Biomaterials-Regulating Macrophage Polarization Opens New Perspectives for Disease Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2025; 20:1509-1528. [PMID: 39925677 PMCID: PMC11806677 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s505591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Macrophage immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic approach designed for modulating the immune response to alleviate disease symptoms. The balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages plays a pivotal role in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Mitochondria, often referred to as the "power plants" of the cell, are essential organelles responsible for critical functions such as energy metabolism, material synthesis, and signal transduction. The functional state of mitochondria is closely linked to macrophage polarization, prompting interest in therapeutic strategies that target mitochondria to regulate this process. To this end, biomaterials with excellent targeting capabilities and effective therapeutic properties have been developed to influence mitochondrial function and regulate macrophage polarization. However, a comprehensive summary of biomaterial-driven modulation of mitochondrial function to control macrophage phenotypes is still lacking. This review highlights the critical role of mitochondrial function in macrophage polarization and discusses therapeutic strategies mediated by biomaterials, including mitochondria-targeted biomaterials. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the use of these biomaterials in disease modulation have been explored, emphasizing their potential to be translated to the clinic. It is anticipated that this review will serve as a valuable resource for materials scientists and clinicians in the development of next-generation mitochondria-targeted biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zui Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijian Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingkai Di
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu Y, Liu L, Ma Y, Wang C, Duan F, Feng J, Yin H, Sun L, Cao Z, Jung J, Li P, Li ZH. Biotransport and toxic effects of micro- and nanoplastics in fish model and their potential risk to humans: A review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2025; 279:107215. [PMID: 39706134 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024]
Abstract
The growing body of scientific evidence suggests that micro- and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. These particles can enter organisms through ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact, and trophic transfer. Exposure can directly affect multiple organs and systems (respiratory, digestive, neurological, reproductive, urinary, cardiovascular) and activate extensive intracellular signaling, inducing cytotoxicity involving mechanisms such as membrane disruption, extracellular polymer degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, cellular pore blockage, lysosomal instability, and mitochondrial depolarization. This review focuses on current research examining the in vivo and in vitro toxic effects of MPs/NPs on aquatic organisms, particularly fish, in relation to particulate toxicity aspects (such as particle transport mechanisms and structural modifications). Meanwhile, from the perspectives of the food chain and environmental factors, it emphasizes the comprehensive threats of MPs/NPs to human health in terms of both direct and indirect toxicity. Additionally, future research needs and strategies are discussed to aid in mitigating the potential risks of particulate plastics as carriers of toxic trace elements to human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Yuqing Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Cunlong Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Fengshang Duan
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Jianxue Feng
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Haiyang Yin
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Le Sun
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Zhihan Cao
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shi Y, Hong R, Fan Z, Huan R, Gao Y, Ma M, Liu T, Pan C. Chronic environmental exposure to polystyrene microplastics increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Toxicology 2025; 511:154067. [PMID: 39864238 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2025.154067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), as the crucial environmental pollutants, can be easily transported into the human body and accumulate in the liver. However, current studies mainly focus on acute exposure to MPs, investigations on long-term interactions with MPs alone remain limited. Thereby, we examined noxious properties of MPs and selected the most common polystyrene (PS) MPs as the research object, including unmodified PS MPs (PS-MPs) and positive-charged PS MPs (PS-NH2) at 10 mg/L employing oral drinking water methods in mice for six consecutive months in vivo. In vitro, we treated the human hepatocyte cells with MPs at 25 μg/mL to explore involved mechanisms. The results revealed that six-month MPs exposure led to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) including impaired liver functions, extensive lipid depositions accompanied by abnormal levels of metabolic genes and PS-NH2 MPs exerted a stronger effect than PS-MPs. Concurrently, mice treated with MPs revealed the accumulation of senescent hepatocytes, leading to increased secretions of senescent phenotypes in the liver. We also discovered that MPs initiated the HO-1/Nrf2 axis consequently inducing ferroptosis in vivo and in vitro, as shown by massive iron deposition, extensive lipid peroxidation along with significant protein expressions in ferroptosis-related markers. Additionally, targeting the HO-1/Nrf2 pathway to further alleviate ferroptosis with corresponding inhibitors could efficiently alleviate cell senescence. Therefore, our study reveals new evidence of the relationship between chronic exposure to MPs and NAFLD and furthers the understanding of how plastic pollution affects human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shi
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Runyang Hong
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Zhencheng Fan
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Ran Huan
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Min Ma
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Non coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Chun Pan
- Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Non coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ruggieri L, Amato O, Marrazzo C, Nebuloni M, Dalu D, Cona MS, Gambaro A, Rulli E, La Verde N. Rising Concern About the Carcinogenetic Role of Micro-Nanoplastics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 26:215. [PMID: 39796071 PMCID: PMC11720132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
In recent years, awareness regarding micro-nanoplastics' (MNPs) potential effects on human health has progressively increased. Despite a large body of evidence regarding the origin and distribution of MNPs in the environment, their impact on human health remains to be determined. In this context, there is a major need to address their potential carcinogenic risks, since MNPs could hypothetically mediate direct and indirect carcinogenic effects, the latter mediated by particle-linked chemical carcinogens. Currently, evidence in this field is scarce and heterogeneous, but the reported increased incidence of malignant tumors among younger populations, together with the ubiquitous environmental abundance of MNPs, are rising a global concern regarding the possible role of MNPs in the development and progression of cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently available evidence in eco-toxicology, as well as methods for the identification and characterization of environmental MNP particulates and their health-associated risks, with a focus on cancer. In addition, we suggest possible routes for future research in order to unravel the carcinogenetic potential of MNP exposure and to understand prognostic and preventive implications of intratumoral MNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ruggieri
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ottavia Amato
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Cristina Marrazzo
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- Pathology Unit, Luigi University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Davide Dalu
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Silvia Cona
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Gambaro
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Eliana Rulli
- Methodology for Clinical Research Laboratory, Clinical Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Nicla La Verde
- Department of Oncology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (O.A.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.S.C.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
You T, Feng X, Xu H. The whole life journey and destination of microplastics: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 363:125165. [PMID: 39427952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Recent reports indicate that ubiquitous microplastics (MPs) in the environment can infiltrate the human body, posing significant health risks and garnering widespread attention. However, public understanding of the intricate processes through which microplastics are transferred to humans remains limited. Consequently, developing effective strategies to mitigate the escalating issue of MPs pollution and safeguard human health is still challenging. In this review, we elucidated the sources and dynamic migration pathways of MPs, examined its complex interactions with other pollutants, and identified primary routes of human exposure. Subsequently, the events and alterations of gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolism, and intestinal barrier after MPs enter the gut of organisms are unclosed. Additionally, it highlighted the ease with which MPs translocate from the intestine to other organs along with their biological toxicities. Finally, we also emphasized the knowledge gaps in the current research field and proposes future research directions. This review aims to enhance public awareness regarding microplastic pollution and provide valuable references for forthcoming research endeavors as well as policy formulation related to this pressing issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bu W, Cui Y, Jin Y, Wang X, Jiang M, Huang R, Egbobe JO, Zhao X, Tang J. Unmasking the Invisible Threat: Biological Impacts and Mechanisms of Polystyrene Nanoplastics on Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:908. [PMID: 39771123 PMCID: PMC11728749 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2024] [Revised: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs), a pervasive component of plastic pollution, have emerged as a significant environmental and health threat due to their microscopic size and bioaccumulative properties. This review systematically explores the biological effects and mechanisms of PS-NPs on cellular systems, encompassing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, inflammation, and disruptions in autophagy. Notably, PS-NPs induce multiple forms of cell death, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, mediated through distinct yet interconnected molecular pathways. The review also highlights various factors that influence the cytotoxicity of PS-NPs, such as particle size, surface modifications, co-exposure with other pollutants, and protein corona formation. These complex interactions underscore the extensive and potentially hazardous impacts of PS-NPs on cellular health. The findings presented here emphasize the need for continued research on the mechanisms underlying PS-NP toxicity and the development of effective strategies for mitigating their effects, thereby informing regulatory frameworks aimed at minimizing environmental and biological risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Bu
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Ye Cui
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Yueyuan Jin
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Mengna Jiang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Ruiyao Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University Xinglin College, Nantong 226000, China;
| | - JohnPaul Otuomasiri Egbobe
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Juan Tang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (W.B.); (Y.C.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (J.O.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gou Z, Wu H, Li S, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Airborne micro- and nanoplastics: emerging causes of respiratory diseases. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:50. [PMID: 39633457 PMCID: PMC11616207 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Airborne micro- and nanoplastics (AMNPs) are ubiquitously present in human living environments and pose significant threats to respiratory health. Currently, much research has been conducted on the relationship between micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, yet there is a clear lack of understanding regarding the link between AMNPs and respiratory diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the relationship between the two. Recent extensive studies by numerous scholars on the characteristics of AMNPs and their relationship with respiratory diseases have robustly demonstrated that AMNPs from various sources significantly influence the onset and progression of respiratory conditions. Thus, investigating the intrinsic mechanisms involved and finding necessary preventive and therapeutic measures are crucial. In this review, we primarily describe the fundamental characteristics of AMNPs, their impact on the respiratory system, and the intrinsic toxic mechanisms that facilitate disease development. It is hoped that this article will provide new insights for further research and contribute to the advancement of human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gou
- Department of Pediateic Respiration, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haonan Wu
- Department of Pediateic Respiration, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shanyu Li
- Department of Pediateic Respiration, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pediateic Respiration, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han M, Liang J, Wang K, Si Q, Zhu C, Zhao Y, Khan NAK, Abdullah ALB, Shau-Hwai AT, Li YM, Zhou Z, Jiang C, Liao J, Tay YJ, Qin W, Jiang Q. Integrin A5B1-mediated endocytosis of polystyrene nanoplastics: Implications for human lung disease and therapeutic targets. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176017. [PMID: 39236815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The extensive use of plastic products has exacerbated micro/nanoplastic (MPs/NPs) pollution in the atmosphere, increasing the incidence of respiratory diseases and lung cancer. This study investigates the uptake and cytotoxicity mechanisms of polystyrene (PS) NPs in human lung epithelial cells. Transcriptional analysis revealed significant changes in cell adhesion pathways following PS-NPs exposure. Integrin α5β1-mediated endocytosis was identified as a key promoter of PS-NPs entry into lung epithelial cells. Overexpression of integrin α5β1 enhanced PS-NPs internalization, exacerbating mitochondrial Ca2+ dysfunction and depolarization, which induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by PS-NPs led to oxidative damage, inflammation, DNA damage, and necrosis, contributing to lung diseases. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which integrin α5β1 facilitates PS-NPs internalization and enhances its cytotoxicity, offering new insights into potential therapeutic targets for microplastic-induced lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Han
- University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Ji Liang
- University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Si
- Jiangsu Maritime Institute, 309 Gezhi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Chenxi Zhu
- University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | | | | | | | - Yi Ming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China
| | - Zihan Zhou
- University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Chunqi Jiang
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Jiayuan Liao
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yi Juin Tay
- University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210017, China.
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, 79 Chating East Street, Nanjing 210017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
de Sousa AKA, Pires KSN, Cavalcante IH, Cavalcante ICL, Santos JD, Queiroz MIC, Leite ACR, Crispim AC, da Rocha Junior ER, Aquino TM, Weingrill RB, Urschitz J, Ospina-Prieto S, Borbely AU. Polystyrene microplastics exposition on human placental explants induces time-dependent cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and metabolic alterations. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1481014. [PMID: 39634179 PMCID: PMC11614646 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1481014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microplastics (MPs) are environmental pollutants that pose potential risks to living organisms. MPs have been shown to accumulate in human organs, including the placenta. In this study, we investigated the biochemical impact of 5 μm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on term placental chorionic villi explants, focusing on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, metabolic changes, and the potential for MPs to cross the placental barrier. Methods Term placental chorionic explants were cultured for 24 hours with varying concentrations of PS-MPs, with MTT assays used to determine the appropriate concentration for further analysis. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay over a period of up to 72 hours. Reactive oxygen species formation and antioxidant activity were evaluated using biochemical assays. Metabolomic profiling was performed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Results Placental explants exposed to 100 μg/mL of PS-MPs showed a significant increase in cytotoxicity over time (p < 0.01). Levels of mitochondrial and total superoxide anion (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and hydrogen peroxide (p < 0.001) were significantly elevated. PS-MP exposure resulted in a reduction in total sulfhydryl content (p < 0.05) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (p < 0.01) and catalase (p < 0.05), while glutathione peroxidase activity increased (p < 0.05), and the oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio decreased (p < 0.05). Markers of oxidative damage, such as malondialdehyde and carbonylated proteins, also increased significantly (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively), confirming oxidative stress. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant differences between control and PS-MP-exposed groups, with reduced levels of alanine, formate, glutaric acid, and maltotriose after PS-MP exposure. Discussion This study demonstrates that high concentrations of PS-MPs induce time-dependent cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and alterations in the TCA cycle, as well as in folate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. These findings highlight the need for further research to clarify the full impact of MP contamination on pregnancy and its implications for future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keyla Silva Nobre Pires
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Isadora Hart Cavalcante
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Domingues Santos
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Catarina Rezende Leite
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Alessandre Carmo Crispim
- Nucleus of Analysis and Research in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - NAPRMN, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Edmilson Rodrigues da Rocha Junior
- Nucleus of Analysis and Research in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - NAPRMN, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça Aquino
- Nucleus of Analysis and Research in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - NAPRMN, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barbano Weingrill
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Johann Urschitz
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Stephanie Ospina-Prieto
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Urban Borbely
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang S, Zhang H, Li Y, Sun Z, Chen Y. Recent advances on transport and transformation mechanism of nanoplastics in lung cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175881. [PMID: 39218119 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are solid plastic particles less than or equal to 5 mm in size that are insoluble in water, and when the diameter is further reduced to <1 micrometer (μm), we call them nanoplastics (NPs). MPs and NPs are widely present in the atmosphere, and plastic particles have also been detected in the sputum of patients with respiratory diseases. This warns us that these tiny plastic particles are a potential threat to human respiratory health. The lungs, as the main organs of the respiratory system, are more likely to be adversely affected by inhaled NPs. However, the mechanism of transport and transformation of NPs in the lung is not clear, so our review mainly focuses on a series of effects and mechanisms of NPs on lung cells through absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) after inhalation into the human body. The most commonly used models in these experimental studies we focus on are A549 and BEAS-2B cells, which are used to model the lung cell response to plastic particles. In addition, we also summarize some shortcomings of these experiments and prospects for future studies, hoping to provide further clues for future studies and contribute to the prevention of related hazards and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Hangxi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu T, Yao C, Hong S, Song W, Zanuri NM, Lv W, Jiang Q. Multi-omics reveal toxicity mechanisms underpinning nanoplastic in redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175680. [PMID: 39173758 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of different nanoplastic (NP, size = 100 nm) concentrations on red crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) and examined toxicity mechanisms. We established four concentration groups (control (CK): 0 μg/L; Low: 100 μg/L; Medium: 500 μg/L; and High: 1000 μg/L) and analyzed toxicity effects in C. quadricarinatus hepatopancreas using histopathological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and fluorescence methods. NP exposure caused histological lesions and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas, and also significantly decreased glutathione (GSH) (P < 0.05) but significantly increased malondialdehyde content (MDA) (P < 0.05) in NP-treated groups. By analyzing different metabolic indicators, total cholesterol (T-CHO) content significantly increased (P < 0.05) and triglyceride (TG) content significantly decreased in Medium and High (P < 0.05). Transcriptomic analyses revealed that NPs influenced apoptosis, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, and P53 signaling pathways. Metabolomic analyses indicated some metabolic processes were affected by NPs, including bile secretion, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and cholesterol metabolism. Caspase 3, 8, and 9 distribution levels in hepatopancreatic tissues were also determined by immunofluorescence; positive caspase staining increased with increased NP concentrations. Additionally, by examining relative Bcl-2, Bax, Apaf-1, and p53 mRNA expression levels, Bcl-2 expression was significantly decreased with increasing NP concentrations; and the expression of Bcl-2 was increasing significantly with the NPs concentration increasing. Bax expression in Low, Medium, and High groups was also significantly higher when compared with the CK group (P < 0.05); with High group levels significantly higher than in Low and Medium groups (P < 0.05). P53 expression was significantly increased in Low, Medium, and High groups (P < 0.05). Thus, NPs induced apoptosis in C. quadricarinatus hepatopancreatic cells, concomitant with increasing NP concentrations. Therefore, we identified mechanisms underpinning NP toxicity in C. quadricarinatus and provide a theoretical basis for exploring NP toxicity in aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhu
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11700, Malaysia
| | - Chunxia Yao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shuang Hong
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Norlaila Mohd Zanuri
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11700, Malaysia
| | - Weiwei Lv
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, No. 79 Chating East Rd, Nanjing 210017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Singh G, Thakur N, Kumar R. Nanoparticles in drinking water: Assessing health risks and regulatory challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174940. [PMID: 39047836 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) pose a significant concern in drinking water due to their potential health risks and environmental impact. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of NP sources and contamination in drinking water, focusing on health concerns, mitigation strategies, regulatory frameworks, and future perspectives. This review highlights the importance of nano-specific pathways, fate processes, health risks & toxicity, and the need for realistic toxicity assessments. Different NPs like titanium dioxide, silver, nanoplastics, nanoscale liquid crystal monomers, copper oxide, and others pose potential health risks through ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposure, impacting organs and potentially leading to oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, DNA damage, cytotoxicity, disrupt intracellular energetic mechanisms, reactive oxygen species generation, respiratory and immune toxicity, and genotoxicity in humans. Utilizing case studies and literature reviews, we investigate the health risks associated with NPs in freshwater environments, emphasizing their relevance to drinking water quality. Various mitigation and treatment strategies, including filtration systems (e.g., reverse osmosis, and ultra/nano-filtration), adsorption processes, coagulation/flocculation, electrocoagulation, advanced oxidation processes, membrane distillation, and ultraviolet treatment, all of which demonstrate high removal efficiencies for NPs from drinking water. Regulatory frameworks and challenges for the production, applications, and disposal of NPs at both national and international levels are discussed, emphasizing the need for tailored regulations to address NP contamination and standardize safety testing and risk assessment practices. Looking ahead, this review underscores the necessity of advancing detection methods and nanomaterial-based treatment technologies while stressing the pivotal role of public awareness and tailored regulatory guidelines in upholding drinking water quality standards. This review emphasizes the urgency of addressing NP contamination in drinking water and provides insights into potential solutions and future research directions. Lastly, this review worth concluded with future recommendations on advanced analytical techniques and sensitive sensors for NP detection for safeguarding public health and policy implementations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Biosciences (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Ludhiana, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Neelam Thakur
- Department of Zoology, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Government College, Campus, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schnee M, Sieler M, Dörnen J, Dittmar T. Effects of polystyrene nano- and microplastics on human breast epithelial cells and human breast cancer cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38686. [PMID: 39449700 PMCID: PMC11497447 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous littering of the environment with plastic and the resulting nano- and microplastics produced from various processes are ever-increasing problems. These materials also affect humans, as the absorption and accumulation of nano- and microplastics and their effects on health have thus far been rarely researched, which also applies to cancer. In the present study, the absorption of different sizes of polystyrene (PS) nano- and microplastics (PS particles) into human breast epithelial cells and human breast cancer cells was investigated. Subsequently, how the proliferation, colony and mammosphere formation abilities, cell fusion and migration of the cells were influenced by the PS particles were investigated. Our data revealed granularity-, dose- and cell line-dependent absorption of the PS particles, with the highest absorption observed in the MDA-MB-231-DSP1-7 cells and the lowest in the M13SV1_Syn1-DSP8-11 cells. Neither the colony-forming ability nor the cell fusion activity increased with the addition of PS particles. In contrast, slight, partially significant stimulatory effects on both proliferation and cell migration were observed, although these effects depended on the particle quantity and size and the cell line used. In summary, PS particles are absorbed by human breast epithelial and human breast cancer cells and influence cells that may be associated with cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schnee
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Mareike Sieler
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Jessica Dörnen
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu J, Xu F, Guo M, Gao D, Song Y. Nasal instillation of polystyrene nanoplastics induce lung injury via mitochondrial DNA release and activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-signaling cascade. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174674. [PMID: 39002594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are a common type of degraded plastic material associated with adverse health effects such as pulmonary injury. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying lung injury as caused by NPs remains uncertain. Thus, we herein investigated the pulmonary toxicity of NPs on RAW264.7 cells and C57BL/6 mice. Our in vitro study indicated that NPs induced oxidative stress, cell death, inflammation, and the activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-signaling pathway. Mice in our in vivo study displayed significant pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, necrosis, and excessive double-stranded DNA release into serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our mechanistic exploration uncovered cGAS-STING-signaling activation as the leading cause of NPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The current study opens an avenue toward elucidating the role of the cGAS-STING-signaling pathway in NPs-induced pulmonary injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, GuiYang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10085, China
| | - Fang Xu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, GuiYang 550025, China
| | - Mingzhu Guo
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, GuiYang 550025, China
| | - Daxue Gao
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, GuiYang 550025, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang J, Peng Z, Sun J, Chen Z, Niu X, Xu H, Ho KF, Cao J, Shen Z. A review on advancements in atmospheric microplastics research: The pivotal role of machine learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173966. [PMID: 38897457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), recognized as emerging pollutants, pose significant potential impacts on the environment and human health. The investigation into atmospheric MPs is nascent due to the absence of effective characterization methods, leaving their concentration, distribution, sources, and impacts on human health largely undefined with evidence still emerging. This review compiles the latest literature on the sources, distribution, environmental behaviors, and toxicological effects of atmospheric MPs. It delves into the methodologies for source identification, distribution patterns, and the contemporary approaches to assess the toxicological effects of atmospheric MPs. Significantly, this review emphasizes the role of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies as novel and promising tools in enhancing the precision and depth of research into atmospheric MPs, including but not limited to the spatiotemporal dynamics, source apportionment, and potential health impacts of atmospheric MPs. The integration of these advanced technologies facilitates a more nuanced understanding of MPs' behavior and effects, marking a pivotal advancement in the field. This review aims to deliver an in-depth view of atmospheric MPs, enhancing knowledge and awareness of their environmental and human health impacts. It calls upon scholars to focus on the research of atmospheric MPs based on new technologies of ML and AI, improving the database as well as offering fresh perspectives on this critical issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaer Yang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zezhi Peng
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xinyi Niu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Kin-Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Traversa A, Mari E, Pontecorvi P, Gerini G, Romano E, Megiorni F, Amedei A, Marchese C, Ranieri D, Ceccarelli S. Polyethylene Micro/Nanoplastics Exposure Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Bronchial and Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10168. [PMID: 39337653 PMCID: PMC11432389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Micro/nanoplastics (MNPs), which are widely spread in the environment, have gained attention because of their ability to enter the human body mainly through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, thus representing a serious health threat. Several studies have reported the presence of MNPs in lung tissue and the potential role of MNP inhalation in triggering lung fibrosis and tumorigenesis. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the cellular response to MNPs composed of polyethylene (PE), one of the most common plastic pollutants in the biosphere. In this study, we investigated the effects of low/high concentrations of PE MNPs on respiratory epithelial cell viability and migration/invasion abilities, using MTT, scratch, and transwell assays. Morphological and molecular changes were assessed via immunofluorescence, Western blot, and qRT-PCR. We demonstrated that acute exposure to PE MNPs does not induce cellular toxicity. Instead, cells displayed visible morphological changes also involving actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Our data underlined the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in triggering this process. Moreover, a remarkable increase in migration potential was noticed, in absence of a significant alteration of the cell's invasive capacity. The present study highlights the potential impact of PE MNPs inhalation on the human respiratory epithelium, suggesting a possible role in carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Traversa
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (E.M.)
| | - Emanuela Mari
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (E.M.)
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Giulia Gerini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Enrico Romano
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Danilo Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (E.M.)
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (G.G.); (F.M.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xiao S, Wang J, Digiacomo L, Amici A, De Lorenzi V, Pugliese LA, Cardarelli F, Cerrato A, Laganà A, Cui L, Papi M, Caracciolo G, Marchini C, Pozzi D. Protein corona alleviates adverse biological effects of nanoplastics in breast cancer cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16671-16683. [PMID: 39171675 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01850h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Pollution from micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) has long been a topic of concern due to its potential impact on human health. MNPs can circulate through human blood and, thus far, have been found in the lungs, spleen, stomach, liver, kidneys and even in the brain, placenta, and breast milk. While data are already available on the adverse biological effects of pristine MNPs (e.g. oxidative stress, inflammation, cytotoxicity, and even cancer induction), no report thus far clarified whether the same effects are modulated by the formation of a protein corona around MNPs. To this end, here we use pristine and human-plasma pre-coated polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles (NPs) and investigate them in cultured breast cancer cells both in terms of internalization and cell biochemical response to the exposure. It is found that pristine NPs tend to stick to the cell membrane and inhibit HER-2-driven signaling pathways, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, which are associated with cancer cell survival and growth. By contrast, the formation of a protein corona around the same NPs can promote their uptake by endocytic vesicles and final sequestration within lysosomes. Of note is that such intracellular fate of PS-NPs is associated with mitigation of the biochemical alterations of the phosphorylated AKT (pAKT)/AKT and phosphorylated ERK (pERK)/ERK levels. These findings provide the distribution of NPs in human breast cancer cells, may broaden our understanding of the interactions between NPs and breast cancer cells and underscore the crucial role of the protein corona in modulating the impact of MNPs on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Xiao
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Junbiao Wang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Luca Digiacomo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Augusto Amici
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Valentina De Lorenzi
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Licia Anna Pugliese
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lishan Cui
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu S, Han J, Yao L, Li H, Xin G, Ho SH, Huang X. Integrated multilevel investigation of photosynthesis revealed the algal response distinction to differentially charged nanoplastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134815. [PMID: 38885582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs), especially those with different charges, as one of emerging contaminants pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Although differentially charged NPs could induce distinct biological effects, mechanistic understanding of the critical physiological processes of aquatic organisms from an integrated multilevel perspective on aquatic organisms is still uncertain. Herein, multi-effects of differentially charged nanosized polystyrene (nPS) including neutral nPS, nPS-COOH, and nPS-NH2 on the photosynthesis-related physiological processes of algae were explored at the population, individual, subcellular, protein, and transcriptional levels. Results demonstrated that both nPS and nPS-COOH exhibited hormesis to algal photosynthesis but nPS-NH2 triggered severe inhibition. As for nPS-NH2, the integrity of algal subcellular structure, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and expression of photosynthesis-related proteins and genes were interfered. Intracellular NPs' content in nPS treatment was 25.64 % higher than in nPS-COOH treatment, and the content of chloroplasts in PS and nPS-COOH treatment were 3.09 % and 4.56 % higher than control, respectively. Furthermore, at the molecular levels, more photosynthesis-related proteins and genes were regulated under nPS-COOH exposure than those exposed to nPS. Light-harvesting complex II could be recognized as an underlying explanation for different effects between nPS and nPS-COOH. This study first provides a novel approach to assess the ecological risks of NPs at an integrated multilevel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saibo Liu
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Jingheng Han
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Linjie Yao
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Huijun Li
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Guorong Xin
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China.
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Huanghe Road 73, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jin T, Liu Y, Lyu H, He Y, Sun H, Tang J, Xing B. Plastic takeaway food containers may cause human intestinal damage in routine life usage: Microplastics formation and cytotoxic effect. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134866. [PMID: 38870856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The microplastics and organic additives formed in routine use of plastic takeaway food containers may pose significant health risks. Thus, we collected plastic containers made of polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polylactic acid and simulated two thermal usages, including hot water (I) and microwave treatments (M). Nile Red fluorescence staining was developed to improve accurate counting of microplastics with the aid of TEM and DLS analysis. The quantity of MPs released from thermal treatments was determined ranging from 285.7 thousand items/cm2 to 681.5 thousand items/cm2 in containers loaded with hot water with the following order: IPS>IPP>IPET>IPLA, while microwave treatment showed lower values ranging from 171.9 thousand items/cm2 to 301.6 thousand items/cm2. In vitro toxicity test using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells indicated decrease of cell viability in raw leachate, resuspended MPs and supernatants, which might further lead to cell membrane rupture, ROS production, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, the leachate inhibited the expression of key genes in the electron transport chain (ETC) process, disrupted energy metabolism. For the first time, we isolate the actually released microplastics and organic substances for in vitro toxicity testing, and demonstrate their potential impacts to human intestine. SYNOPSIS: Plastic take-out containers may release microplastics and organic substances during daily usage, both of which can cause individual and combined cytotoxic effects on human colon adenocarcinoma cells Caco-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaxuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cojocaru E, Petriș OR, Cojocaru C. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Inhaled Therapy: Improving Respiratory Medicine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1059. [PMID: 39204164 PMCID: PMC11357421 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhaled nanoparticle (NP) therapy poses intricate challenges in clinical and pharmacodynamic realms. Recent strides have revolutionized NP technology by enabling the incorporation of diverse molecules, thus circumventing systemic clearance mechanisms and enhancing drug effectiveness while mitigating systemic side effects. Despite the established success of systemic NP delivery in oncology and other disciplines, the exploration of inhaled NP therapies remains relatively nascent. NPs loaded with bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory agents exhibit promising potential for precise distribution throughout the bronchial tree, offering targeted treatment for respiratory diseases. This article conducts a comprehensive review of NP applications in respiratory medicine, highlighting their merits, ranging from heightened stability to exacting lung-specific delivery. It also explores cutting-edge technologies optimizing NP-loaded aerosol systems, complemented by insights gleaned from clinical trials. Furthermore, the review examines the current challenges and future prospects in NP-based therapies. By synthesizing current data and perspectives, the article underscores the transformative promise of NP-mediated drug delivery in addressing chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a pressing global health concern ranked third in mortality rates. This overview illuminates the evolving landscape of NP inhalation therapies, presenting optimistic avenues for advancing respiratory medicine and improving patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Rusalim Petriș
- Medical II Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Cojocaru
- Medical III Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu Q, Li R, You Y, Cheng W, Li Y, Feng Y, Fan Y, Wang Y. Lung microbiota participated in fibrous microplastics (MPs) aggravating OVA-induced asthma disease in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114776. [PMID: 38851522 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the risk factors for asthma. Currently, whether micro-plastics could aggravate asthma, is still unclear. In the air, fibrous MPs are the predominant shape. Since fibrous micro-plastics are reported to be detected in the lower respiratory tract and other body parts, the relationship of fibrous MP and asthma, as well as the potential mechanism is not well investigated. In this study, we produced fibrous MPs, whose lengths and widths were in accordance with the natural environment, and further, investigated the potential adverse effect of which on the asthma in a OVA (ovalbumin)-induced mice model, aiming at exploring the true life hazard of MP to the respiratory system. Following nasal exposure to fibrous MPs, the airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and fibrosis were aggravated in asthmatic mice. Fibrous MPs exposure also significantly increased the levels of total IgE, and, cardinal Th2 and Th1 pro-inflammatory cytokines participated in the etiopathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. In addition, MP fibers exposure induced lung epithelial cells apoptosis, disruption of epithelial barrier integrity and activation of NLRP3 related signaling pathways. Moreover, fibrous MPs significantly altered the bacterial composition at the genus level. Compared to the control group, the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Uncultured were decreased to 4.47% and 0.15% in OVA group, while Blautia and Prevotella were elevated to 4.96% and 2.94%. For the OVA + MPs group, the relative abundance of Blautia and Uncultured were decreased to 2.27% and 0.006%, while Prevotella was increased to 3.05%. Our study highlights the detrimental effect of fibrous MPs on asthmatic population and facilitates an indication of the latent mechanisms of fibrous MPs induced airway pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Rui Li
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Yifei You
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yuqin Fan
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Aloisi M, Grifoni D, Zarivi O, Colafarina S, Morciano P, Poma AMG. Plastic Fly: What Drosophila melanogaster Can Tell Us about the Biological Effects and the Carcinogenic Potential of Nanopolystyrene. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7965. [PMID: 39063206 PMCID: PMC11277132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, plastic pollution is one of the biggest threats to the environment and public health. In the tissues of exposed species, micro- and nano-fragments accumulate, leading to genotoxicity, altered metabolism, and decreased lifespan. A model to investigate the genotoxic and tumor-promoting potential of nanoplastics (NPs) is Drosophila melanogaster. Here we tested polystyrene, which is commonly used in food packaging, is not well recycled, and makes up at least 30% of landfills. In order to investigate the biological effects and carcinogenic potential of 100 µm polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs), we raised Oregon [R] wild-type flies on contaminated food. After prolonged exposure, fluorescent PSNPs accumulated in the gut and fat bodies. Furthermore, PSNP-fed flies showed considerable alterations in weight, developmental time, and lifespan, as well as a compromised ability to recover from starvation. Additionally, we noticed a decrease in motor activity in DNAlig4 mutants fed with PSNPs, which are known to be susceptible to dietary stressors. A qPCR molecular investigation of the larval intestines revealed a markedly elevated expression of the genes drice and p53, suggesting a response to cell damage. Lastly, we used warts-defective mutants to assess the carcinogenic potential of PSNPs and discovered that exposed flies had more aberrant masses than untreated ones. In summary, our findings support the notion that ingested nanopolystyrene triggers metabolic and genetic modifications in the exposed organisms, eventually delaying development and accelerating death and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Aloisi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Osvaldo Zarivi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Sabrina Colafarina
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrizia Morciano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giuseppina Poma
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.A.); (D.G.); (O.Z.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Martín-Pérez J, Villacorta A, Banaei G, Morataya-Reyes M, Tavakolpournegari A, Marcos R, Hernández A, García-Rodriguez A. Hazard assessment of nanoplastics is driven by their surface-functionalization. Effects in human-derived primary endothelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173236. [PMID: 38761522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
During plastic waste degradation into micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) their physicochemical characteristics including surface properties (charge, functionalization, biocorona, etc.) can change, potentially affecting their biological effects. This paper focuses on the surface functionalization of MNPLs to determine if it has a direct impact on the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic interactions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), at different exposure times. Pristine polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPLs), as well as their carboxylated (PS-C-NPLs) and aminated (PS-A-NPLs) forms, all around 50 nm, were used in a wide battery of toxicological assays. These assays encompassed evaluations on cell viability, cell internalization, induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS), and genotoxicity. The experiments were conducted at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, chosen to ensure a high internalization rate across all treatments while maintaining a sub-toxic concentration. Our results show that all PS-NPLs are internalized by HUVECs, but the internalization dynamic depends on the particle's functionalization. PS-NPLs and PS-C-NPLs internalization modify the morphology of the cell increasing its inner complexity/granularity. Regarding cell toxicity, only PS-A-NPLs reduced cell viability. Intracellular ROS was induced by the three different PS-NPLs but at different time points. Genotoxic damage was induced by the three PS-NPLs at short exposures (2 h), but not for PS-C-NPLs at 24 h. Overall, this study suggests that the toxicological effects of PSNPLs on HUVEC cells are surface-dependent, highlighting the relevance of using human-derived primary cells as a target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Martín-Pérez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Michelle Morataya-Reyes
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba García-Rodriguez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu H, Li H, Chen T, Yu F, Lin Q, Zhao H, Jin L, Peng R. Research Progress on Micro(nano)plastic-Induced Programmed Cell Death Associated with Disease Risks. TOXICS 2024; 12:493. [PMID: 39058145 PMCID: PMC11281249 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to their robust migration capabilities, slow degradation, and propensity for adsorbing environmental pollutants, micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) are pervasive across diverse ecosystems. They infiltrate various organisms within different food chains through multiple pathways including inhalation and dermal contact, and pose a significant environmental challenge in the 21st century. Research indicates that MNPs pose health threats to a broad range of organisms, including humans. Currently, extensive detection data and studies using experimental animals and in vitro cell culture indicate that MNPs can trigger various forms of programmed cell death (PCD) and can induce various diseases. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of different MNP-induced PCD processes, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and apoptosis, based on recent research findings and focuses on elucidating the links between PCD and diseases. Additionally, targeted therapeutic interventions for these diseases are described. This review provides original insights into the opportunities and challenges posed by current research findings. This review evaluates ways to mitigate various diseases resulting from cell death patterns. Moreover, this paper enhances the understanding of the biohazards associated with MNPs by providing a systematic reference for subsequent toxicological research and health risk mitigation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (H.L.); (H.L.); (T.C.); (F.Y.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.); (L.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ji Y, Chen L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yu Y, Wang M, Wang X, Liu W, Yan B, Xiao L, Song X, Lv C, Chen L. Realistic Nanoplastics Induced Pulmonary Damage via the Crosstalk of Ferritinophagy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16790-16807. [PMID: 38869479 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The smaller size fraction of plastics may be more substantially existing and detrimental than larger-sized particles. However, reports on nanoplastics (NPs), especially their airborne occurrences and potential health hazards to the respiratory system, are scarce. Previous studies limit the understanding of their real respiratory effects, since sphere-type polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles differ from NPs occurring in nature with respect to their physicochemical properties. Here, we employ a mechanical breakdown method, producing NPs directly from bulk plastic, preserving NP properties in nature. We report that among four relatively high abundance NP materials PS, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene (PE) with a size of 100 nm, PVC induced slightly more severe lung toxicity profiles compared to the other plastics. The lung cytotoxicity of NPs is higher than that of commercial PS NPs and comparable to natural particles silicon dioxide (SiO2) and anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2). Mechanistically, BH3-interacting domain death agonist (Bid) transactivation-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy or ferroptosis are likely common mechanisms of NPs regardless of their chemical composition. This study provides relatively comprehensive data for evaluating the risk of atmospheric NPs to lung health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Ji
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Libang Chen
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Meirong Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Weili Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaodong Song
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kek HY, Tan H, Othman MHD, Lee CT, Ahmad FBJ, Ismail ND, Nyakuma BB, Lee KQ, Wong KY. Transforming pollution into solutions: A bibliometric analysis and sustainable strategies for reducing indoor microplastics while converting to value-added products. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118928. [PMID: 38636646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), as emerging indoor contaminants, have garnered attention due to their ubiquity and unresolved implications for human health. These tiny particles have permeated indoor air and water, leading to inevitable human exposure. Preliminary evidence suggests MP exposure could be linked to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and potentially other health issues, yet the full scope of their effects remains unclear. To map the overall landscape of this research field, a bibliometric analysis based on research articles retrieved from the Web of Science database was conducted. The study synthesizes the current state of knowledge and spotlights the innovative mitigation strategies proposed to curb indoor MP pollution. These strategies involve minimizing the MP emission from source, advancements in filtration technology, aimed at reducing the MP exposure. Furthermore, this research sheds light on cutting-edge methods for converting MP waste into value-added products. These innovative approaches not only promise to alleviate environmental burdens but also contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy by transforming waste into resources such as biofuels, construction materials, and batteries. Despite these strides, this study acknowledges the ongoing challenges, including the need for more efficient removal technologies and a deeper understanding of MPs' health impacts. Looking forward, the study underscores the necessity for further research to fill these knowledge gaps, particularly in the areas of long-term health outcomes and the development of standardized, reliable methodologies for MP detection and quantification in indoor settings. This comprehensive approach paves the way for future exploration and the development of robust solutions to the complex issue of microplastic pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yee Kek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Huiyi Tan
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Chew Tin Lee
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nur Dayana Ismail
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Computing, Pen Resource University, P. M. B. 086, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Kee Quen Lee
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Keng Yinn Wong
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang H, Ju J, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Lu W, Zhang Y. Micro-and nano-plastics induce kidney damage and suppression of innate immune function in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172952. [PMID: 38703841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic environments serve as critical repositories for pollutants and have significantly accumulated micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) due to the extensive production and application of plastic products. While the disease resistance and immunity of fish are closely linked to the condition of their aquatic habitats, the specific effects of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) within these environments on fish immune functions are still not fully understood. The present study utilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae as model organisms to examine the impacts of polystyrene NPs (100 nm) and MPs (5 μm) on fish immune responses. Our findings reveal that NPs and MPs tend to accumulate on the surfaces of embryos and within the intestines of larvae, triggering oxidative stress and significantly increasing susceptibility to Edwardsiella piscicida infection in zebrafish larvae. Transmission electron microscopy examined that both NPs and MPs inflicted damage to the kidney, an essential immune organ, with NPs predominantly inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and MPs causing lipid accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis further demonstrated that both NPs and MPs significantly suppress the expression of key innate immune pathways, notably the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway and the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway. Within these pathways, the immune factor interleukin-1 beta (il1b) was consistently downregulated in both exposure groups. Furthermore, exposure to E. piscicida resulted in restricted upregulation of il1b mRNA and protein levels, likely contributing to diminished disease resistance in zebrafish larvae exposed to MNPs. Our findings suggest that NPs and MPs similarly impair the innate immune function of zebrafish larvae and weaken their disease resistance, highlighting the significant environmental threat posed by these pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jian Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenyan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Peng M, Grootaert C, Vercauteren M, Boon N, Janssen C, Rajkovic A, Asselman J. Probing Long-Term Impacts: Low-Dose Polystyrene Nanoplastics Exacerbate Mitochondrial Health and Evoke Secondary Glycolysis via Repeated and Single Dosing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9967-9979. [PMID: 38814788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are omnipresent in the environment and contribute to human exposure. However, little is known regarding the long-term effects of NPs on human health. In this study, human intestinal Caco-2 cells were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (nanoPS) in an environmentally relevant concentration range (102-109 particles/mL) under two realistic exposure scenarios. In the first scenario, cells were repeatedly exposed to nanoPS every 2 days for 12 days to study the long-term effects. In the second scenario, only nanoPS was added once and Caco-2 cells were cultured for 12 days to study the duration of the initial effects of NPs. Under repeated dosing, initial subtle effects on mitochondria induced by low concentrations would accrue over consistent exposure to nanoPS and finally lead to significant impairment of mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial mass, and cell differentiation process at the end of prolonged exposure, accompanied by significantly increased glycolysis over the whole exposure period. Single dosing of nanoPS elicited transient effects on mitochondrial and glycolytic functions, as well as increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the early phase of exposure, but the self-recovery capacity of cells mitigated these effects at intermediate culture times. Notably, secondary effects on glycolysis and ROS production were observed during the late culture period, while the cell differentiation process and mitochondrial mass were not affected at the end. These long-term effects are of crucial importance for comprehensively evaluating the health hazards arising from lifetime exposure to NPs, complementing the extensively observed acute effects associated with prevalent short-term exposure to high concentrations. Our study underlines the need to study the toxicity of NPs in realistic long-term exposure scenarios such as repeated dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Peng
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400 Oostende Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maaike Vercauteren
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400 Oostende Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Technology and Ecology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400 Oostende Belgium
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400 Oostende Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang J, Du J, Liu D, Zhuo J, Chu L, Li Y, Gao L, Xu M, Chen W, Huang W, Xie L, Chen J, Meng X, Zou F, Cai S, Dong H. Polystyrene microplastics induce pulmonary fibrosis by promoting alveolar epithelial cell ferroptosis through cGAS/STING signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116357. [PMID: 38677073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are new types of environmental pollutant that have garnered significant attention in recent years since they were found to cause damage to the human respiratory system when they are inhaled. The pulmonary fibrosis is one of the serious consequences of PS-MPs inhalation. However, the impact and underlying mechanisms of PS-MPs on pulmonary fibrosis are not clear. In this study, we studied the potential lung toxicity and PS-MPs-developed pulmonary fibrosis by long-term intranasal inhalation of PS-MPs. The results showed that after exposing to the PS-MPs, the lungs of model mouse had different levels of damage and fibrosis. Meanwhile, exposing to the PS-MPs resulted in a markedly decrease in glutathione (GSH), an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), and iron overload in the lung tissue of mice and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). These findings suggested the occurrence of PS-MP-induced ferroptosis. Inhibitor of ferroptosis (Fer-1) had alleviated the PS-MPs-induced ferroptosis. Mechanically, PS-MPs triggered cell ferroptosis and promoted the development of pulmonary fibrosis via activating the cGAS/STING signaling pathway. Inhibition of cGAS/STING with G150/H151 attenuated pulmonary fibrosis after PS-MPs exposure. Together, these data provided novel mechanistic insights of PS-MPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis and a potential therapeutic paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangzhou Du
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhuo
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanhe Chu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Li
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou people's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimou Chen
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wufeng Huang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Xie
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Chen
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Occupational Health and Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Occupational Health and Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxi Cai
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hangming Dong
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bao L, Liu Q, Wang J, Shi L, Pang Y, Niu Y, Zhang R. The interactions of subcellular organelles in pulmonary fibrosis induced by carbon black nanoparticles: a comprehensive review. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1629-1643. [PMID: 38536500 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the widespread use and improper emissions of carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs), the adverse effects of CBNPs on human health have attracted much attention. In toxicological research, carbon black is frequently utilized as a negative control because of its low toxicity and poor solubility. However, recent studies have indicated that inhalation exposure to CBNPs could be a risk factor for severe and prolonged pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. At present, the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis induced by CBNPs is still not fully elucidated, but it is known that with small particle size and large surface area, CBNPs are more easily ingested by cells, leading to organelle damage and abnormal interactions between organelles. Damaged organelle and abnormal organelles interactions lead to cell structure and function disorders, which is one of the important factors in the development and occurrence of various diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of organelle structure, function, and interaction mechanisms, while also summarizing the research advancements in organelles and organelle interactions in CBNPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Shi
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|