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Ramesh V, Tsoukala E, Kougianou I, Kozic Z, Burr K, Viswanath B, Hampton D, Story D, Reddy BK, Pal R, Dando O, Kind PC, Chattarji S, Selvaraj BT, Chandran S, Zoupi L. The Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 Regulates the Morphology and Maturation of Human and Rat Oligodendrocytes. Glia 2025; 73:1203-1220. [PMID: 39928301 PMCID: PMC12012330 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
The Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP) is an RNA binding protein that regulates the translation of multiple mRNAs and is expressed by neurons and glia in the mammalian brain. Loss of FMRP leads to fragile X syndrome (FXS), a common inherited form of intellectual disability and autism. While most research has been focusing on the neuronal contribution to FXS pathophysiology, the role of glia, particularly oligodendrocytes, is largely unknown. FXS individuals are characterized by white matter changes, which imply impairments in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. We hypothesized that FMRP regulates oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination during postnatal development. Using a combination of human pluripotent stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes and an Fmr1 knockout rat model, we studied the role of FMRP on mammalian oligodendrocyte development. We found that the loss of FMRP leads to shared defects in oligodendrocyte morphology in both rat and human systems in vitro, which persist in the presence of FMRP-expressing axons in chimeric engraftment models. Our findings point to species-conserved, cell-autonomous defects during oligodendrocyte maturation in FXS.
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2
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Festa LK, Jordan-Sciutto KL, Grinspan JB. Neuroinflammation: An Oligodendrocentric View. Glia 2025; 73:1113-1129. [PMID: 40059542 PMCID: PMC12014387 DOI: 10.1002/glia.70007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 02/20/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation, driven by central nervous system (CNS)-resident astrocytes and microglia, as well as infiltration of the peripheral immune system, is an important pathologic mechanism across a range of neurologic diseases. For decades, research focused almost exclusively on how neuroinflammation impacted neuronal function; however, there is accumulating evidence that injury to the oligodendrocyte lineage is an important component for both pathologic and clinical outcomes. While oligodendrocytes are able to undergo an endogenous repair process known as remyelination, this process becomes inefficient and usually fails in the presence of sustained inflammation. The present review focuses on our current knowledge regarding activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems in the chronic demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, and provides evidence that sustained neuroinflammation in other neurologic conditions, such as perinatal white matter injury, traumatic brain injury, and viral infections, converges on oligodendrocyte injury. Lastly, the therapeutic potential of targeting the impact of inflammation on the oligodendrocyte lineage in these diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Festa
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelly L Jordan-Sciutto
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Judith B Grinspan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Wahid RM, Hassan NH, Samy W, Talaat A, Gobran AM, Abdelmohsen SR, Elsayed HA. Exploring neuro-glial interaction mechanisms in myelin plasticity for learning and memory enhancement. J Mol Histol 2025; 56:164. [PMID: 40392397 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-025-10431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025]
Abstract
Neural plasticity was considered as the principal mechanism for learning and memory many decades ago. So our study aims to figure out the underlying mechanisms of myelin plasticity associated with learning and memory. Myelin was considered for a long time as static, inert insulator, irrelevant to learning. But recent studies showed that myelination is dynamically changed to enhance neuronal plasticity. The study was conducted on 24 rats, divided into 3 groups, with 8 rats in each: Group 1: control in cages; Group 2: control untrained; and Group 3: rats were trained using Barnez maze behavior test. The gene expression analysis for Sox10, Myrf, Nrg1, Bdnf, Serpine2 and Mbp was evaluated by qRT-PCR in hippocampus tissues with correlation assessment, and histopathological and immunohistochemistry assessment were done. The present study showed improved spatial memory with increased myelination in the trained group, in addition to high expression of Sox10, Myrf, Nrg1 and Bdnf in the trained group compared to all others (P < 0.001). Serpine2 and GFAP as markers of astrocytes showed high expression in the trained group in comparison with other groups (P < 0.001) with strong positive correlation between Serpine2 and Mbp (r = 0.76, P = 0.02). Myelin plasticity as one of the crucial learning mechanisms, was influenced by different neural and environmental signals. In addition, there was a significant role of astrocytes in promoting such myelination effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M Wahid
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nancy Husseiny Hassan
- Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Walaa Samy
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Talaat
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira Mokhtar Gobran
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa R Abdelmohsen
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Atef Elsayed
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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4
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Hu H, Gao T, Zhao J, Li H. Oligodendrogenesis in Evolution, Development and Adulthood. Glia 2025. [PMID: 40371693 DOI: 10.1002/glia.70033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Oligodendrogenesis and myelin formation are important processes in the central nervous system (CNS) of jawed vertebrates, underpinning the highly efficient neural computation within the compact CNS architecture. Myelin, the dense lipid sheath wrapped around axons, enables rapid signal transmission and modulation of neural circuits. Oligodendrocytes are generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which are widely distributed in the adult CNS and continue to produce new oligodendrocytes throughout life. Adult oligodendrogenesis is integral to adaptive myelination, which fine-tunes neural circuits in response to neuronal activity, contributing to neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Emerging evidence also highlights the role of oligodendrogenesis in specialized brain regions, linking oligodendrocytes to metabolic and homeostatic functions. In the aging and diseased brain, dysregulated oligodendrogenesis exacerbates myelin loss and may contribute to pathogenesis. In addition, maladaptive myelination driven by aberrant neuronal activity could sustain a dysfunction in conditions such as epilepsy. This review summarizes the current understanding of oligodendrogenesis, with insights into its evolution, regulation, and impact on aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tianhao Gao
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jingwei Zhao
- Systemic Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiliang Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Poggi G, Treccani G, von der Bey M, Tanti A, Schmeisser MJ, Müller M. Canonical and non-canonical roles of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in mental disorders. NPJ MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2025; 4:19. [PMID: 40374740 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-025-00133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/18/2025]
Abstract
Psychiatric research has shifted from a neuroncentric view to understanding mental disorders as disturbances of heterogeneous brain networks. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs)- actively involved in the modulation of neuronal functions - are altered in psychiatric patients, but the extent and related consequences are unclear. This review explores canonical and non-canonical OPC-related pathways in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression in humans, highlighting potential mechanisms shared across diagnostic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Poggi
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Giulia Treccani
- Department of Systemic Neuroscience Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Martina von der Bey
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arnaud Tanti
- Inserm, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marianne Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
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6
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Braaker PN, Mi X, Soong D, Bin JM, Marshall-Phelps K, Bradley S, Benito-Kwiecinski S, Meng J, Arafa D, Richmond C, Keatinge M, Yu G, Almeida RG, Lyons DA. Activity-driven myelin sheath growth is mediated by mGluR5. Nat Neurosci 2025:10.1038/s41593-025-01956-9. [PMID: 40369366 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system is influenced by neuronal activity, but the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs have remained unclear. Here we employed pharmacological, genetic, functional imaging and optogenetic-stimulation approaches in zebrafish to assess activity-regulated myelination in vivo. Pharmacological inhibition and activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) impaired and promoted myelin sheath elongation, respectively, during development, without otherwise affecting the oligodendrocyte lineage. Correspondingly, mGluR5 loss-of-function mutants exhibit impaired myelin growth, while oligodendrocyte-specific mGluR5 gain of function promoted sheath elongation. Functional imaging and optogenetic-stimulation studies revealed that mGluR5 mediates activity-driven high-amplitude Ca2+ transients in myelin. Furthermore, we found that long-term stimulation of neuronal activity drives myelin sheath elongation in an mGluR5-dependent manner. Together these data identify mGluR5 as a mediator of the influence of neuronal activity on myelination by oligodendrocytes in vivo, opening up opportunities to assess the functional relevance of activity-regulated myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp N Braaker
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xuelong Mi
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Soong
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jenea M Bin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katy Marshall-Phelps
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephen Bradley
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Silvia Benito-Kwiecinski
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Julia Meng
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donia Arafa
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Claire Richmond
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marcus Keatinge
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rafael G Almeida
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Lyons
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, MS Society Edinburgh Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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7
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Donkels C, Häussler U, Huber S, Tiesmeyer N, Demerath T, Scheiwe C, Shah MJ, Heers M, Urbach H, Schulze‐Bonhage A, Prinz M, Vlachos A, Beck J, Nakagawa JM, Haas CA. Dysregulation of Myelination in Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type II of the Human Frontal Lobe. Glia 2025; 73:928-947. [PMID: 39719691 PMCID: PMC11920682 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 12/26/2024]
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are local malformations of the human neocortex and a leading cause of intractable epilepsy. FCDs are classified into different subtypes including FCD IIa and IIb, characterized by a blurred gray-white matter boundary or a transmantle sign indicating abnormal white matter myelination. Recently, we have shown that myelination is also compromised in the gray matter of FCD IIa of the temporal lobe. Since myelination is key for brain function, which is imbalanced in epilepsy, in the current study, we investigated myelination in the gray matter of FCD IIa and IIb from the frontal lobe on the morphological, ultrastructural, and transcriptional level. We found that FCD IIa presents with an ordinary radial myelin fiber pattern, but with a reduced thickness of myelin sheaths of 500-1000 nm thick axons in comparison to FCD IIb and with an attenuation of the myelin synthesis machinery. In contrast, FCD IIb showed an irregular and disorganized myelination pattern covering an enlarged area in comparison to FCD IIa and controls and with increased numbers of myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). FCD IIb had significantly thicker myelin sheaths of large caliber axons (above 1000 nm) when compared to FCD IIa. Accordingly, FCD IIb showed a significant up-regulation of myelin-associated mRNAs in comparison to FCD IIa and enhanced binding capacities of the transcription factor MYRF to target sites in myelin-associated genes. These data indicate that FCD IIa and IIb are characterized by a differential dysregulation of myelination in the gray matter of the frontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Donkels
- Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Ute Häussler
- Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of Medicine, Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Susanne Huber
- Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Nina Tiesmeyer
- Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Theo Demerath
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeuroradiologyMedical Center‐University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Christian Scheiwe
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Mukesch J. Shah
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Marcel Heers
- Faculty of Medicine, Epilepsy Center FreiburgMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Horst Urbach
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeuroradiologyMedical Center‐University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Andreas Schulze‐Bonhage
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of Medicine, Epilepsy Center FreiburgMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of NeuropathologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSSUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Jürgen Beck
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Julia M. Nakagawa
- Faculty of Medicine, Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Carola A. Haas
- Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of NeurosurgeryMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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8
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Hodebourg R, Scofield MD, Kalivas PW, Kuhn BN. Nonneuronal contributions to synaptic function. Neuron 2025:S0896-6273(25)00260-0. [PMID: 40311612 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2025.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2025] [Revised: 03/09/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025]
Abstract
Synapses are elegantly integrated signaling hubs containing the canonical synaptic elements, neuronal pre- and postsynapses, along with other components of the neuropil, including perisynaptic astroglia and extracellular matrix proteins, as well as microglia and oligodendrocytes. Signaling within these multipartite hubs is essential for synaptic function and is often disrupted in neuropsychiatric disorders. We review data that have refined our understanding of how environmental stimuli shape signaling and synaptic plasticity within synapses. We propose working models that integrate what is known about how different cell types within the perisynaptic neuropil regulate synaptic functions and dysfunctions that are elicited by addictive drugs. While these working models integrate existing findings, they are constrained by a need for new technology. Accordingly, we propose directions for improving reagents and experimental approaches to better probe how signaling between cell types within perisynaptic ecosystems creates the synaptic plasticity necessary to establish and maintain adaptive and maladaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritchy Hodebourg
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Michael D Scofield
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Peter W Kalivas
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
| | - Brittany N Kuhn
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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9
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Xue H, Ding Z, Chen X, Yang X, Jia Y, Zhao P, Wu Z. Dexmedetomidine Improves Long-term Neurological Outcomes by Promoting Oligodendrocyte Genesis and Myelination in Neonatal Rats Following Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:4866-4880. [PMID: 39496877 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/06/2024]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) can lead to white matter damage, which significantly contributes to cognitive dysfunction, emotional disorders, and sensorimotor impairments. Although dexmedetomidine enhances neurobehavioral outcomes, its impact on oligodendrocyte genesis and myelination following hypoxic-ischemic events, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remain poorly understood. Dexmedetomidine was administered 15 min post-HIBI. We assessed neurobehavioral deficits using various tests: surface righting, negative geotaxis, forelimb grip strength, cliff avoidance, sensory reflexes, novel object recognition, T-maze, and three-chamber social interaction. We also investigated the relationship between myelination and neurobehavioral outcomes. Measurements included oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) proliferation and survival 24 h post-injury, early myelination, and oligodendrocyte differentiation by postnatal day 14. Furthermore, we evaluated microglial activation towards the M2 phenotype and the extent of neuroinflammation during the acute phase. Dexmedetomidine significantly ameliorated long-term neurological deficits caused by HIBI. Pearson linear regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between long-term neurological outcomes and myelin maturity. The treatment notably mitigated the long-term deterioration of myelin formation and maturation following HIBI. This protective effect was primarily due to enhanced OPC proliferation and survival post-HIBI during the acute phase and, to a lesser extent, to the modulation of microglial activity towards the M2 phenotype and a reduction in neuroinflammation. Dexmedetomidine offers substantial protection against long-term neurobehavioral disabilities induced by HIBI, primarily by revitalizing the impaired survival and maturation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and promoting myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zixuan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yufei Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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10
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Ziar R, Tesar PJ, Clayton BLL. Astrocyte and oligodendrocyte pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Neurotherapeutics 2025; 22:e00540. [PMID: 39939240 PMCID: PMC12047399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 01/10/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, once considered passive support cells, are now recognized as active participants in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role that these glial cells play in the pathological features of Alzheimer's, including neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, synaptic dysfunction, and myelin degeneration, which contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Here, we review the current understanding of astrocyte and oligodendrocyte pathology in Alzheimer's disease and highlight research that supports the therapeutic potential of modulating astrocyte and oligodendrocyte functions to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Ziar
- Institute for Glial Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Paul J Tesar
- Institute for Glial Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Benjamin L L Clayton
- Institute for Glial Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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11
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Kamen Y, Chapman TW, Piedra ET, Ciolkowski ME, Hill RA. Transient Upregulation of Procaspase-3 during Oligodendrocyte Fate Decisions. J Neurosci 2025; 45:e2066242025. [PMID: 39837665 PMCID: PMC11924999 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2066-24.2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/12/2025] [Indexed: 01/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life and in neurodegenerative conditions from brain resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The transition from OPC to oligodendrocyte involves a complex cascade of molecular and morphological states that position the cell to make a fate decision to integrate as a myelinating oligodendrocyte or die through apoptosis. Oligodendrocyte maturation impacts the cell death mechanisms that occur in degenerative conditions, but it is unclear if and how the cell death machinery changes as OPCs transition into oligodendrocytes. Here, we discovered that differentiating oligodendrocytes transiently upregulate the zymogen procaspase-3 in both female and male mice, equipping these cells to make a survival decision during differentiation. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-3 decreases oligodendrocyte density, indicating that procaspase-3 upregulation is linked to successful oligodendrocyte generation. Moreover, using procaspase-3 as a marker, we show that oligodendrocyte differentiation continues in the aging cortex and white matter. Taken together, our data establish procaspase-3 as a differentiating oligodendrocyte marker and provide insight into the underlying mechanisms occurring during the decision to integrate or die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kamen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Timothy W Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Enrique T Piedra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Matthew E Ciolkowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
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12
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Ktena N, Spyridakos D, Georgilis A, Kalafatakis I, Thomoglou E, Kolaxi A, Nikoletopoulou V, Savvaki M, Karagogeos D. Disruption of Oligodendroglial Autophagy Leads to Myelin Morphological Deficits, Neuronal Apoptosis, and Cognitive Decline in Aged Mice. Glia 2025. [PMID: 40105013 DOI: 10.1002/glia.70012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025]
Abstract
The aging central nervous system (CNS) is often marked by myelin degeneration, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study delves into the previously unexplored role of autophagy in maintaining CNS myelin during aging. We generated the transgenic mouse line plpCreERT2; atg5f/f, enabling selective deletion of the core autophagic component Atg5 in oligodendrocytes (OLs) following tamoxifen administration in adulthood, while analysis was conducted on aged mice. Our findings reveal that oligodendroglial autophagy inactivation leads to significant alterations in myelin protein levels. Moreover, the ultrastructural analysis revealed pronounced myelin deficits and increased degeneration of axons, accompanied by apoptosis, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Behaviorally, aged knockout (cKO) mice exhibited marked deficits in learning and memory tasks, indicative of cognitive impairment. Additionally, we observed increased activation of microglia, suggesting an inflammatory response linked to the absence of autophagic activity in OLs. These results underscore the critical role of autophagy in OLs for the preservation of CNS myelin and axonal integrity during aging. Our study highlights autophagy as a vital mechanism for neural maintenance, offering potential therapeutic avenues for combating age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Ktena
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Alexandros Georgilis
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ilias Kalafatakis
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Angeliki Kolaxi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences (DNF), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Savvaki
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
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13
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Wu X, Hu Z, Yue H, Wang C, Li J, Yang Y, Luan Z, Wang L, Shen Y, Gu Y. Enhancing myelinogenesis through LIN28A rescues impaired cognition in PWMI mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2025; 16:141. [PMID: 40102931 PMCID: PMC11921748 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-025-04267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In premature newborn infants, preterm white matter injury (PWMI) causes motor and cognitive disabilities. Accumulating evidence suggests that PWMI may result from defected differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and impaired maturation of oligodendrocytes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Using RNAscope, we analyzed the expression level of RNA-binding protein LIN28A in individual OPCs. Knockout of one or both alleles of Lin28a in OPCs was achieved by administrating tamoxifen to NG2CreER::Ai14::Lin28aflox/+ or NG2CreER::Ai14::Lin28aflox/flox mice. Lentivirus expressing FLEX-Lin28a was used in NG2CreER mice to overexpress LIN28A in OPCs. A series of behavioral tests were performed to assess the cognitive functions of mice. Two-tailed unpaired t-tests was carried out for statistical analysis between groups. RESULTS We found that the expression of Lin28a was decreased in OPCs in a PWMI mouse model. Knockout of one or both alleles of Lin28a in OPCs postnatally resulted in reduced OPC differentiation, decreased myelinogenesis and impaired cognitive functions. Supplementing LIN28A in OPCs postnatally was able to promote OPC differentiation and enhance myelinogenesis, thus rescuing the cognitive functions in PWMI mice. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that LIN28A is critical in regulating postnatal myelinogenesis. Overexpression of LIN28A in OPCs rescues cognitive deficits in PWMI mice by promoting myelinogenesis, thus providing a potential strategy for the treatment of PWMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhechun Hu
- School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huimin Yue
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Li
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinxiang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Zuo Luan
- Department of Pediatrics, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, System Medicine Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Shen
- International Institutes of Medicine, Department of Neurology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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14
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Chen H, Yang G, Xu DE, Du YT, Zhu C, Hu H, Luo L, Feng L, Huang W, Sun YY, Ma QH. Autophagy in Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells Controls Oligodendrocyte Numbers and Myelin Integrity in an Age-dependent Manner. Neurosci Bull 2025; 41:374-390. [PMID: 39283565 PMCID: PMC11876512 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte lineage cells, including oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs), are essential in establishing and maintaining brain circuits. Autophagy is a conserved process that keeps the quality of organelles and proteostasis. The role of autophagy in oligodendrocyte lineage cells remains unclear. The present study shows that autophagy is required to maintain the number of OPCs/OLs and myelin integrity during brain aging. Inactivation of autophagy in oligodendrocyte lineage cells increases the number of OPCs/OLs in the developing brain while exaggerating the loss of OPCs/OLs with brain aging. Inactivation of autophagy in oligodendrocyte lineage cells impairs the turnover of myelin basic protein (MBP). It causes MBP to accumulate in the cytoplasm as multimeric aggregates and fails to be incorporated into integral myelin, which is associated with attenuated endocytic recycling. Inactivation of autophagy in oligodendrocyte lineage cells impairs myelin integrity and causes demyelination. Thus, this study shows autophagy is required to maintain myelin quality during aging by controlling the turnover of myelin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Lab Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - De-En Xu
- The Wuxi No.2 People Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Yu-Tong Du
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Li Luo
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yan-Yun Sun
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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15
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Alshaebi F, Sciortino A, Kayed R. The Role of Glial Cell Senescence in Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurochem 2025; 169:e70051. [PMID: 40130281 PMCID: PMC11934031 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.70051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2025] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025]
Abstract
Glial cell senescence, characterized by the irreversible arrest of cell division and a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype, has emerged as a critical player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (ad). While much attention has been devoted to the role of neurons in ad, growing evidence suggests that glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, contribute significantly to disease progression through senescence. In this review, we explore the molecular mechanisms underlying glial cell senescence in ad, focusing on the cellular signaling pathways, including DNA damage response and the accumulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP). We also examine how senescent glial cells exacerbate neuroinflammation, disrupt synaptic function, and promote neuronal death in ad. Moreover, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting glial cell senescence to mitigate the neurodegenerative processes in ad. By providing a comprehensive overview of current research on glial cell senescence in Alzheimer's disease, this review highlights its potential as a novel therapeutic target in the fight against ad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadhl Alshaebi
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Alessia Sciortino
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
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16
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Yang X, Huang YWA, Marshall J. Targeting TrkB-PSD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:715-724. [PMID: 38886937 PMCID: PMC11433911 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and memory. The activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre- or postsynaptic TrkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses, reflected by long-term potentiation. Postsynaptically, the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with TrkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term potentiation. In this review, we discuss TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders. A reduction of TrkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease, and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with TrkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and depression. Treatment with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic, due to poor pharmacokinetics, low brain penetration, and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated TrkB.T1 isoform. Although TrkB agonists and antibodies that activate TrkB are being intensively investigated, they cannot distinguish the multiple human TrkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific functions. Targeting TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost TrkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yu-Wen Alvin Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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17
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Viero FT, Felix Morais RI, Rodrigues P, Kudsi SQ, Pereira LG, Trevisan G. Orofacial pain models induce impairment in spatial learning and working memory in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2025; 988:177225. [PMID: 39740736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 11/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/02/2025]
Abstract
Orofacial pain is one of the most common causes of chronic pain leading to physical and cognitive disability. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies suggest that chronic pain results in cognitive impairment. However, there is a lack of meta-analyses examining the effects of orofacial pain models on behavioral learning and memory in rodents. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether orofacial pain models can impair learning and memory in rodents. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023355502). We used CAMARADES and SYRCLE to estimate the quality and the publication bias by using Egger's and Begg's test. Here, 21 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We included 12 studies with trigeminal neuralgia models, 4 with migraine-like pain models, 4 with tooth nociception, and 1 with acute orofacial pain model. Spontaneous nociception and facial mechanical allodynia were observed in orofacial pain models. Regarding spatial learning we detected that latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze (MWM) was increased in orofacial pain models (related to facial mechanical allodynia or spontaneous nociception). Although the mean quality of the articles was high, we identify publication bias in the Begg's test for the time in the quadrant in the MWM. Our findings revealed that spontaneous nociception and facial mechanical allodynia in orofacial pain models contribute to the working memory and spatial learning dysfunction. Therefore, further studies are still needed to evaluate the influence of sex, age, social isolation, and environmental enrichment in orofacial pain-related learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Ricardo Iuri Felix Morais
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Sabrina Qader Kudsi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Leonardo Gomes Pereira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil.
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18
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Talidou A, Lefebvre J. Spatial Heterogeneity in Myelin Sheathing Impacts Signaling Reliability and Susceptibility to Injury. eNeuro 2025; 12:ENEURO.0402-24.2025. [PMID: 39870523 PMCID: PMC11839277 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0402-24.2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Axons in the mammalian brain show significant diversity in myelination motifs, displaying spatial heterogeneity in sheathing along individual axons and across brain regions. However, its impact on neural signaling and susceptibility to injury remains poorly understood. To address this, we leveraged cable theory and developed model axons replicating the myelin sheath distributions observed experimentally in different regions of the mouse central nervous system. We examined how the spatial arrangement of myelin affects propagation and predisposition to conduction failure in axons with cortical versus callosal myelination motifs. Our results indicate that regional differences in myelination significantly influence conduction timing and signaling reliability. Sensitivity of action potential propagation to the specific positioning, lengths, and ordering of myelinated and exposed segments reveals non-linear and path-dependent conduction. Furthermore, myelination motifs impact signaling vulnerability to demyelination, with callosal motifs being particularly sensitive to myelin changes. These findings highlight the crucial role of myelinating glia in brain function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Talidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Jérémie Lefebvre
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada
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19
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Roslund KJ, Ramsey JJ, Rutkowsky JM, Zhou Z, Slupsky CM. Two-month ketogenic diet alters systemic and brain metabolism in middle-aged female mice. GeroScience 2025; 47:935-952. [PMID: 39180613 PMCID: PMC11872878 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that reduces glucose catabolism and enhances β-oxidation and ketogenesis. While research in female rodents is limited, research in male rodents suggests that ketogenic interventions initiated at midlife may slow age-related cognitive decline, as well as preserve muscle mass and physical function later in life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a KD on global metabolic changes in middle-aged females to inform potential mechanisms behind the anti-aging effects of this diet in an understudied sex. Targeted 1H-NMR metabolomics was conducted on serum, the liver, the kidney, and the gastrocnemius muscle, as well as the cortex and the hippocampal brain regions in 16-month-old female mice after a 2-month KD. Analysis of the serum and liver metabolome revealed that the 2-month KD resulted in increased concentrations of fatty acid catabolism metabolites, as well as system-wide elevations in ketones, consistent with the ketogenic phenotype. Metabolites involved in the glucose-alanine cycle were altered in the gastrocnemius muscle, serum and the liver. Other tissue-specific alterations were detected, including distinct effects on hepatic and renal one-carbon metabolism, as well as region specific differences in metabolism across hippocampal and cortical parts of the brain. Alterations to hippocampal metabolites involved in myelinogenesis could relate to the potential beneficial effects of a KD on memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten J Roslund
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jon J Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zeyu Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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20
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Berkiks I, Abdel Aziz N, Moses B, Brombacher T, Brombacher F. Moderate regular physical exercise can help in alleviating the systemic impact of schistosomiasis infection on brain cognitive function. Front Immunol 2025; 15:1453742. [PMID: 39959586 PMCID: PMC11825816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1453742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
One of the major consequences of schistosomiasis is its impact on brain function, and despite its severity, the underlying mechanism(s) remain inadequately understood, highlighting a knowledge gap in the disease. The symptoms can vary from headaches to profound cognitive impairment. Besides, the potential influence of physical exercise in mitigating cognitive deficits has received little attention. In our study, we utilized a murine model of Schistosoma mansoni infection to investigate the cognitive impact of schistosomiasis. Our aims were multifaceted: to pinpoint the specific cognitive domains affected during the infection in adult mice, to unravel the complex interplay between glial and immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS), and crucially, to explore the potential therapeutic role of regular physical exercise in counteracting the deleterious effects of schistosomiasis on the CNS. Our findings unveiled that while acute infection did not disrupt simple and complex learning or spatial reference memory, it did induce significant deficits in recall memory-a critical aspect of cognitive function. Furthermore, our investigation unearthed profound alterations in the immune and glial cell populations within the CNS. Notably, we observed marked changes in CD4+ T cells and eosinophils in the meninges, as well as alterations in glial cell dynamics within the hippocampus and other brain regions. These alterations were characterized by heightened microglial activation, diminished astrocyte reactivity and a shift towards a proinflammatory milieu within the CNS. We also provided insights into the transformative potential of regular moderate physical exercise in partially alleviating cognitive and neuroinflammatory consequences of schistosomiasis. Remarkably, exercise decreased glial cell production of TNFα, suggesting a shift towards a less pro-inflammatory environment. Collectively, our study provided compelling evidence of the intricate interplay between schistosomiasis infection and cognitive function, underscoring the critical need for further exploration in this area. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated the positive effects of physical activities on mitigating the cognitive burden of schistosomiasis, offering new hope for patients afflicted by this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inssaf Berkiks
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nada Abdel Aziz
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Blessing Moses
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tiroyaone Brombacher
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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Zhang H, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Qi J, Wang X, Yuan Y, Chen R, Zhao Y, Liu C, Zhou N, Liu L, Hao H, Du X, Zhang H. Neuroprotective Effects, Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the Kv7/KCNQ Channel Opener QO-83 in Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2025:10.1007/s12975-025-01329-1. [PMID: 39853651 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-025-01329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2025] [Indexed: 01/26/2025]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a worldwide disease with high mortality and morbidity. Kv7/KCNQ channels are key modulators of neuronal excitability and microglia function, and activation of Kv7/KCNQ channels has emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue for ischemic stroke. In the present study, we focused on a new Kv7/KCNQ channel opener QO-83 on the stroke outcomes and its therapeutic potential. Transient or distal middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established with C57 mouse to evaluate the role of QO-83. Solitary dose of QO-83 contributes to the microglia inhibition and fibrotic scar mitigation post stroke. QO83 shows prominent effect on reducing infarction area, alleviating cerebral edema, maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity, and enhancing neurogenesis. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing unveils neuroprotection and specific microglial subclusters influenced by QO-83. More importantly, QO83 shows promise in enhancing survival rates with dose dependence. Notably, these protective effects extend beyond the 4-6 h post-reperfusion window. Additionally, continuous dosing of QO-83 correlates with enhanced cognition. In conclusion, this study highlights QO-83 as a protective agent against ischemic brain injury, showcasing its multifaceted effects and potential as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiran Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Informatics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yanfei Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jinlong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yupeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Najing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Lanxin Liu
- Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Han Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaona Du
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Province for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Province for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
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22
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Beiter RM, Raghavan TP, Suchocki O, Ennerfelt HE, Rivet-Noor CR, Merchak AR, Phillips JL, Bathe T, Lukens JR, Prokop S, Dupree JL, Gaultier A. Clusterin induced by OPC phagocytosis blocks IL-9 secretion to inhibit myelination in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2025; 11:e41635. [PMID: 39866464 PMCID: PMC11761289 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 01/01/2025] [Accepted: 01/01/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Variants in the CLUSTERIN gene have been identified as a risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease and are linked to decreased white matter integrity in healthy adults. However, the specific role for clusterin in myelin maintenance in the context of Alzheimer's disease remains unclear. Methods We employed a combination of immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy techniques, primary culture of OPCs, and an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Results We found that phagocytosis of debris such as amyloid beta, myelin, and apoptotic cells, increases clusterin expression in oligodendrocyte progenitors. We further discovered that exposure to clusterin inhibits differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors. Mechanistically, clusterin blunts production of IL-9 and addition of exogenous IL-9 can rescue clusterin-inhibited myelination. Lastly, we demonstrate that clusterin deletion in mice prevents myelin loss in the 5XFAD model. Discussion Our data suggest that clusterin could play a key role in Alzheimer's disease myelin pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Beiter
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Tula P. Raghavan
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Olivia Suchocki
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hannah E. Ennerfelt
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Courtney R. Rivet-Noor
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Andrea R. Merchak
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Phillips
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Tim Bathe
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - John R. Lukens
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Stefan Prokop
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Dupree
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Alban Gaultier
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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23
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Huang Z, Xu P, Hess DC, Zhang Q. Cellular senescence as a key contributor to secondary neurodegeneration in traumatic brain injury and stroke. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:61. [PMID: 39668354 PMCID: PMC11636056 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke pose major health challenges, impacting millions of individuals globally. Once considered solely acute events, these neurological conditions are now recognized as enduring pathological processes with long-term consequences, including an increased susceptibility to neurodegeneration. However, effective strategies to counteract their devastating consequences are still lacking. Cellular senescence, marked by irreversible cell-cycle arrest, is emerging as a crucial factor in various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research further reveals that cellular senescence may be a potential driver for secondary neurodegeneration following brain injury. Herein, we synthesize emerging evidence that TBI and stroke drive the accumulation of senescent cells in the brain. The rationale for targeting senescent cells as a therapeutic approach to combat neurodegeneration following TBI/stroke is outlined. From a translational perspective, we emphasize current knowledge and future directions of senolytic therapy for these neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Huang
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Peisheng Xu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - David C Hess
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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24
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Huang M, Ye A, Zhang H, Ru Y, Bai Z, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Ma Z. Siwu decoction mitigates radiation-induced immune senescence by attenuating hematopoietic damage. Chin Med 2024; 19:167. [PMID: 39639367 PMCID: PMC11622653 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the long term effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), immune tissues and cells, and the effects of Siwu decoction (SWD) on immune senescence mice. METHODS C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to 6.0 Gy 60Co γ irradiation. After 8-weeks of IR, SWD (5, 10, 20 g/kg/d) was administered for 30 days. The changes of HSPCs in bone marrow (BM) and T, B type lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cells in spleen were detected by flow cytometry. The changes of peripheral blood cells were also examined. Hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to detect the pathological lesions of hippocampus, spleen and thymus tissues. Absolute mouse telomere length quantification qPCR assay kit was used to measure the telomere length of BM cells. The expression of factors associated with inflammation and aging such as p16, β-galactosidase in spleen, thymus and BM was determined. RESULTS Administration of SWD could increase the proportion of LSK (Lin-, Sca-1 + , c-Kit-), multipotent progenitor cells and multipotent progenitor cells and decrease the proportion of common myeloid progenitors and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in BM. The proportion of B cells and NK cells in spleen and the content of white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, lymphocytes and eosinophils in peripheral blood were increased, at the same time, the proportion of neutrophils and monocytes was reduced by SWD. The pathological lesions of hippocampus, spleen and thymus were improved. The expression of p16 and β-galactosidase in spleen, thymus and BM was reduced and shortening of the telomere of BM cells was inhibited after administration. In addition, SWD could reduce the content of Janus activated kinase (JAK) 1, JAK2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in BM and spleen. CONCLUSIONS SWD could slow down IR-induced immune senescence by improving hematopoietic and immunologic injury. SWD might reduce the inflammation level of BM hematopoietic microenvironment by acting on JAK/STAT signaling pathway, while the immune damage of mice was improved by affecting the differentiation of HSPCs. The remission of hematopoietic and immunologic senescence was further demonstrated at the overall level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anping Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Bai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- China Shineway Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Zengchun Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
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25
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Habashy KG, Evans BD, Goodman DFM, Bowers JS. Adapting to time: Why nature may have evolved a diverse set of neurons. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012673. [PMID: 39671446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 12/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Brains have evolved diverse neurons with varying morphologies and dynamics that impact temporal information processing. In contrast, most neural network models use homogeneous units that vary only in spatial parameters (weights and biases). To explore the importance of temporal parameters, we trained spiking neural networks on tasks with varying temporal complexity, holding different parameter subsets constant. We found that adapting conduction delays is crucial for solving all test conditions under tight resource constraints. Remarkably, these tasks can be solved using only temporal parameters (delays and time constants) with constant weights. In more complex spatio-temporal tasks, an adaptable bursting parameter was essential. Overall, allowing adaptation of both temporal and spatial parameters enhances network robustness to noise, a vital feature for biological brains and neuromorphic computing systems. Our findings suggest that rich and adaptable dynamics may be the key for solving temporally structured tasks efficiently in evolving organisms, which would help explain the diverse physiological properties of biological neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim G Habashy
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, South West England, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin D Evans
- Department of Informatics, School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Dan F M Goodman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey S Bowers
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, South West England, United Kingdom
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26
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Tingling J, Krauklis S, Haak P, Carr R, Louie A, Johnson R, Steelman A. Prophylactic clemastine treatment improves influenza A virus-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 42:100891. [PMID: 39881819 PMCID: PMC11776086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2025] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infection by influenza A virus (IAV) is known to cause systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. We previously found that experimental infection with IAV affected oligodendrocyte homeostasis, which was associated with altered expression of genes involved in myelin maintenance as well as the lipidome. In this study, we sought to determine if clemastine, an antihistamine with myelin promoting properties, could reverse the effects of IAV on oligodendrocyte (OL) specific genes, as well as mitigate infection-induced cognitive impairment. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were randomized into experimental groups based on clemastine treatment, infection, and sex. Treatment with vehicle or clemastine (10 mg/kg/d) commenced seven days prior to inoculation with either saline or IAV and continued throughout the experiment. Body weight was measured throughout the infection. Spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze. Sickness behavior was assessed by measuring burrowing response. Immune cell responses were determined by flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, antigen recall assays and ELISA, and viral load assessed by RT-qPCR. Hippocampal levels of neuroinflammatory (Tnf, Cdkn1a) and myelin (Plp1, Mag, Ugt8a) genes were determined by RT-qPCR. Mice infected with IAV developed weight loss, impaired cognitive flexibility, reduced burrowing behavior, altered lung immune cell infiltration, increased circulating anti-viral IgM and IgG levels and increased T cell responses to IAV epitopes. Infection increased hippocampal levels of genes associated with neuroinflammation and decreased levels of genes involved in myelination. Clemastine treatment resulted in earlier recovery of weight loss in males and increased IgM levels for both sexes, but neither affected expression levels of Tnf or Cdkn1a, nor rescued changes to oligodendrocyte genes. However, treatment mitigated infection-induced neurocognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.D. Tingling
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - S.A. Krauklis
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - P.L. Haak
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - R. Carr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - A.Y. Louie
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - R.W. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - A.J. Steelman
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr. Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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27
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He Y, Liu J, Xiao H, Xiao L. Early postnatal whisker deprivation cross-modally modulates prefrontal cortex myelination and leads to social novelty deficit. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149136. [PMID: 39098577 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Sensory experience affects not only the corresponding primary sensory cortex, but also synaptic and neural circuit functions in other brain regions in a cross-modal manner. However, it remains unclear whether oligodendrocyte (OL) generation and myelination can also undergo cross-modal modulation. Here, we report that while early life short-term whisker deprivation from birth significantly reduces in the number of mature of OLs and the degree of myelination in the primary somatosensory cortex(S1) at postnatal day 14 (P14), it also simultaneously affects the primary visual cortex (V1), but not the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with a similar reduction. Interestingly, when mice were subjected to long-term early whisker deprivation from birth (P0) to P35, they exhibited dramatically impaired myelination and a deduced number of differentiated OLs in regions including the S1, V1, and mPFC, as detected at P60. Meanwhile, the process complexity of OL precursor cells (OPCs) was also rduced, as detected in the mPFC. However, when whisker deprivation occurred during the mid-late postnatal period (P35 to P50), myelination was unaffected in both V1 and mPFC brain regions at P60. In addition to impaired OL and myelin development in the mPFC, long-term early whisker-deprived mice also showed deficits in social novelty, accompanied by abnormal activation of c-Fos in the mPFC. Thus, our results reveal a novel form of cross-modal modulation of myelination by sensory experience that can lead to abnormalities in social behavioral, suggesting a possible similar mechanism underlying brain pathological conditions that suffer from both sensory and social behavioral deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Hanyu Xiao
- Shanghai Pinghe School, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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28
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Kamen Y, Chapman TW, Piedra ET, Ciolkowski ME, Hill RA. Transient upregulation of procaspase-3 during oligodendrocyte fate decisions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.11.13.623446. [PMID: 39605489 PMCID: PMC11601457 DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.13.623446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life and in neurodegenerative conditions from brain resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The transition from OPC to oligodendrocyte involves a complex cascade of molecular and morphological states that position the cell to make a fate decision to integrate as a myelinating oligodendrocyte or die through apoptosis. Oligodendrocyte maturation impacts the cell death mechanisms that occur in degenerative conditions, but it is unclear if and how the cell death machinery changes as OPCs transition into oligodendrocytes. Here, we discovered that differentiating oligodendrocytes transiently upregulate the zymogen procaspase-3, equipping these cells to make a survival decision during differentiation. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-3 decreases oligodendrocyte density, indicating that procaspase-3 upregulation promotes differentiation. Moreover, using procaspase-3 as a marker, we show that oligodendrocyte differentiation continues in the aging cortex and white matter. Taken together, our data establish procaspase-3 as a differentiating oligodendrocyte marker and provide insight into the underlying mechanisms occurring during the decision to integrate or die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kamen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Timothy W. Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Enrique T. Piedra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Robert A. Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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29
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He Y, Xu Z, He Y, Liu J, Li J, Wang S, Xiao L. Preventing production of new oligodendrocytes impairs remyelination and sustains behavioural deficits after demyelination. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150592. [PMID: 39213705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Damage to oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin sheaths (demyelination) has been shown to be associated with numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Remyelination is a rare and reliable regenerative response that occurs in the central nervous system (CNS). It is generally believed that OL progenitor cells (OPCs) are the cell source to generate new OLs to remyelinate the demyelinated axons. However, several recent studies have argued that pre-existing mature OLs that survive within the demyelinated area are responsible for remyelination. Here, by conditional knock-out (KO) of a transcription factor gene that is essential for OPC differentiation, namely myelin regulatory factor (Myrf), to block the production of adult new OLs and examined its effect on remyelination after cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination. We found that OPCs specific Myrf cKO mice show dramatic impairment in remyelination after 4 weeks of recovery from 5 weeks of CPZ diet and they leave over significant behavioral deficits such as anxiety-like behavior, decreased motor skills, and impaired memory compared to control mice that have recovered for the same time. Our data support the idea that OPCs are the major cell sources for myelin regeneration, suggesting that targeting the activation of OPCs and promoting their differentiation to boost new OLs production is critical for therapeutic intervention for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yongxiang He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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30
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Sokolowski DJ, Hou H, Yuki KE, Roy A, Chan C, Choi W, Faykoo-Martinez M, Hudson M, Corre C, Uusküla-Reimand L, Goldenberg A, Palmert MR, Wilson MD. Age, sex, and cell type-resolved hypothalamic gene expression across the pubertal transition in mice. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:83. [PMID: 39449090 PMCID: PMC11515584 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00661-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamus plays a central role in regulating puberty. However, our knowledge of the postnatal gene regulatory networks that control the pubertal transition in males and females is incomplete. Here, we investigate the age-, sex- and cell-type-specific gene regulation in the hypothalamus across the pubertal transition. METHODS We used RNA-seq to profile hypothalamic gene expression in male and female mice at five time points spanning the onset of puberty (postnatal days (PD) 12, 22, 27, 32, and 37). By combining this data with hypothalamic single nuclei RNA-seq data from pre- and postpubertal mice, we assigned gene expression changes to their most likely cell types of origin. In our colony, pubertal onset occurs earlier in male mice, allowing us to focus on genes whose expression is dynamic across ages and offset between sexes, and to explore the bases of sex effects. RESULTS Our age-by-sex pattern of expression enriched for biological pathways involved hormone production, neuronal activation, and glial maturation. Additionally, we inferred a robust expansion of oligodendrocytes precursor cells into mature oligodendrocytes spanning the prepubertal (PD12) to peri-pubertal (PD27) timepoints. Using spatial transcriptomic data from postpubertal mice, we observed the lateral hypothalamic area and zona incerta were the most oligodendrocyte-rich regions and that these cells expressed genes known to be involved in pubertal regulation. CONCLUSION Together, by incorporating multiple biological timepoints and using sex as a variable, we identified gene and cell-type changes that may participate in orchestrating the pubertal transition and provided a resource for future studies of postnatal hypothalamic gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin J Sokolowski
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Huayun Hou
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyoko E Yuki
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Roy
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cadia Chan
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy Choi
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariela Faykoo-Martinez
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matt Hudson
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Corre
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Anna Goldenberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CIFAR, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark R Palmert
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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31
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Simons M, Gibson EM, Nave KA. Oligodendrocytes: Myelination, Plasticity, and Axonal Support. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041359. [PMID: 38621824 PMCID: PMC11444305 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The myelination of axons has evolved to enable fast and efficient transduction of electrical signals in the vertebrate nervous system. Acting as an electric insulator, the myelin sheath is a multilamellar membrane structure around axonal segments generated by the spiral wrapping and subsequent compaction of oligodendroglial plasma membranes. These oligodendrocytes are metabolically active and remain functionally connected to the subjacent axon via cytoplasmic-rich myelinic channels for movement of metabolites and macromolecules to and from the internodal periaxonal space under the myelin sheath. Increasing evidence indicates that oligodendrocyte numbers, specifically in the forebrain, and myelin as a dynamic cellular compartment can both respond to physiological demands, collectively referred to as adaptive myelination. This review summarizes our current understanding of how myelin is generated, how its function is dynamically regulated, and how oligodendrocytes support the long-term integrity of myelinated axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94305, California, USA
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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32
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Hoffmann A, Miron VE. CNS macrophage contributions to myelin health. Immunol Rev 2024; 327:53-70. [PMID: 39484853 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Myelin is the membrane surrounding neuronal axons in the central nervous system (CNS), produced by oligodendrocytes to provide insulation for electrical impulse conduction and trophic/metabolic support. CNS dysfunction occurs following poor development of myelin in infancy, myelin damage in neurological diseases, and impaired regeneration of myelin with disease progression in aging. The lack of approved therapies aimed at supporting myelin health highlights the critical need to identify the cellular and molecular influences on oligodendrocytes. CNS macrophages have been shown to influence the development, maintenance, damage and regeneration of myelin, revealing critical interactions with oligodendrocyte lineage cells. CNS macrophages are comprised of distinct populations, including CNS-resident microglia and cells associated with CNS border regions (the meninges, vasculature, and choroid plexus), in addition to macrophages derived from monocytes infiltrating from the blood. Importantly, the distinct contribution of these macrophage populations to oligodendrocyte lineage responses and myelin health are only just beginning to be uncovered, with the advent of new tools to specifically identify, track, and target macrophage subsets. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the roles of CNS macrophages in myelin health, and recent developments in distinguishing the roles of macrophage populations in development, homeostasis, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Hoffmann
- BARLO Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- BARLO Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Kaller MS, Lazari A, Feng Y, van der Toorn A, Rühling S, Thomas CW, Shimizu T, Bannerman D, Vyazovskiy V, Richardson WD, Sampaio-Baptista C, Johansen-Berg H. Ablation of oligodendrogenesis in adult mice alters brain microstructure and activity independently of behavioral deficits. Glia 2024; 72:1728-1745. [PMID: 38982743 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes continue to differentiate from their precursor cells even in adulthood, a process that can be modulated by neuronal activity and experience. Previous work has indicated that conditional ablation of oligodendrogenesis in adult mice leads to learning and memory deficits in a range of behavioral tasks. The current study replicated and re-evaluated evidence for a role of oligodendrogenesis in motor learning, using a complex running wheel task. Further, we found that ablating oligodendrogenesis alters brain microstructure (ex vivo MRI) and brain activity (in vivo EEG) independent of experience with the task. This suggests a role for adult oligodendrocyte formation in the maintenance of brain function and indicates that task-independent changes due to oligodendrogenesis ablation need to be considered when interpreting learning and memory deficits in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte S Kaller
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alberto Lazari
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yingshi Feng
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Annette van der Toorn
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Rühling
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher W Thomas
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Bannerman
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vladyslav Vyazovskiy
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William D Richardson
- The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cassandra Sampaio-Baptista
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Bagheri H, Friedman H, Hadwen A, Jarweh C, Cooper E, Oprea L, Guerrier C, Khadra A, Collin A, Cohen‐Adad J, Young A, Victoriano GM, Swire M, Jarjour A, Bechler ME, Pryce RS, Chaurand P, Cougnaud L, Vuckovic D, Wilion E, Greene O, Nishiyama A, Benmamar‐Badel A, Owens T, Grouza V, Tuznik M, Liu H, Rudko DA, Zhang J, Siminovitch KA, Peterson AC. Myelin basic protein mRNA levels affect myelin sheath dimensions, architecture, plasticity, and density of resident glial cells. Glia 2024; 72:1893-1914. [PMID: 39023138 PMCID: PMC11426340 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) is essential for both elaboration and maintenance of CNS myelin, and its reduced accumulation results in hypomyelination. How different Mbp mRNA levels affect myelin dimensions across the lifespan and how resident glial cells may respond to such changes are unknown. Here, to investigate these questions, we used enhancer-edited mouse lines that accumulate Mbp mRNA levels ranging from 8% to 160% of wild type. In young mice, reduced Mbp mRNA levels resulted in corresponding decreases in Mbp protein accumulation and myelin sheath thickness, confirming the previously demonstrated rate-limiting role of Mbp transcription in the control of initial myelin synthesis. However, despite maintaining lower line specific Mbp mRNA levels into old age, both MBP protein levels and myelin thickness improved or fully normalized at rates defined by the relative Mbp mRNA level. Sheath length, in contrast, was affected only when mRNA levels were very low, demonstrating that sheath thickness and length are not equally coupled to Mbp mRNA level. Striking abnormalities in sheath structure also emerged with reduced mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, an increase in the density of all glial cell types arose in response to reduced Mbp mRNA levels. This investigation extends understanding of the role MBP plays in myelin sheath elaboration, architecture, and plasticity across the mouse lifespan and illuminates a novel axis of glial cell crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Bagheri
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Hana Friedman
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Amanda Hadwen
- Department of PhysiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Celia Jarweh
- Department of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Ellis Cooper
- Department of PhysiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Lawrence Oprea
- Integrated Program in NeuroscienceMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | | | - Anmar Khadra
- Integrated Program in NeuroscienceMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Armand Collin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Julien Cohen‐Adad
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Amanda Young
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Gerardo Mendez Victoriano
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Matthew Swire
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Andrew Jarjour
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Marie E. Bechler
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Rachel S. Pryce
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Pierre Chaurand
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Lise Cougnaud
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Dajana Vuckovic
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Elliott Wilion
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Owen Greene
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
- The Connecticut Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Anouk Benmamar‐Badel
- Department of Neurobiology ResearchInstitute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Trevor Owens
- Department of Neurobiology ResearchInstitute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Vladimir Grouza
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Hanwen Liu
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - David A. Rudko
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum and Toronto General Hospital Research InstitutesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Katherine A. Siminovitch
- Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum and Toronto General Hospital Research InstitutesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Alan C. Peterson
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of OncologyMcGill UniversityQuebecCanada
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Marshall-Phelps KL, Almeida R. Axonal neurotransmitter release in the regulation of myelination. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231616. [PMID: 39230890 PMCID: PMC11427734 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelination of axons is a key determinant of fast action potential propagation, axonal health and circuit function. Previously considered a static structure, it is now clear that myelin is dynamically regulated in response to neuronal activity in the central nervous system (CNS). However, how activity-dependent signals are conveyed to oligodendrocytes remains unclear. Here, we review the potential mechanisms by which neurons could communicate changing activity levels to myelin, with a focus on the accumulating body of evidence to support activity-dependent vesicular signalling directly onto myelin sheaths. We discuss recent in vivo findings of activity-dependent fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles from non-synaptic axonal sites, and how modulation of this vesicular fusion regulates the stability and growth of myelin sheaths. We also consider the potential mechanisms by which myelin could sense and respond to axon-derived signals to initiate remodelling, and the relevance of these adaptations for circuit function. We propose that axonal vesicular signalling represents an important and underappreciated mode of communication by which neurons can transmit activity-regulated signals to myelinating oligodendrocytes and, potentially, more broadly to other cell types in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy L.H. Marshall-Phelps
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
- MS Society Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Rafael G. Almeida
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
- MS Society Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
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36
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Drexler R, Drinnenberg A, Gavish A, Yalcin B, Shamardani K, Rogers A, Mancusi R, Taylor KR, Kim YS, Woo PJ, Ravel A, Tatlock E, Ramakrishnan C, Ayala-Sarmiento AE, Pacheco DRF, Siverts L, Daigle TL, Tasic B, Zeng H, Breunig JJ, Deisseroth K, Monje M. Cholinergic Neuronal Activity Promotes Diffuse Midline Glioma Growth through Muscarinic Signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.21.614235. [PMID: 39386427 PMCID: PMC11463519 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.21.614235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal activity promotes the proliferation of healthy oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) and their malignant counterparts, gliomas. Many gliomas arise from and closely resemble oligodendroglial lineage precursors, including diffuse midline glioma (DMG), a cancer affecting midline structures such as the thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord. In DMG, glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal activity promotes progression through both paracrine signaling and through bona-fide neuron-to-glioma synapses. However, the putative roles of other neuronal subpopulations - especially neuromodulatory neurons located in the brainstem that project to long-range target sites in midline anatomical locations where DMGs arise - remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the activity of cholinergic midbrain neurons modulates both healthy OPC and malignant DMG proliferation in a circuit-specific manner at sites of long-range cholinergic projections. Optogenetic stimulation of the cholinergic pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) promotes glioma growth in pons, while stimulation of the laterodorsal tegmentum nucleus (LDT) facilitates proliferation in thalamus, consistent with the predominant projection patterns of each cholinergic midbrain nucleus. Reciprocal signaling was evident, as increased activity of cholinergic neurons in the PPN and LDT was observed in pontine DMG-bearing mice. In co-culture, hiPSC-derived cholinergic neurons form neuron-to-glioma networks with DMG cells and robustly promote proliferation. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed prominent expression of the muscarinic receptor genes CHRM1 and CHRM3 in primary patient DMG samples, particularly enriched in the OPC-like tumor subpopulation. Acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter cholinergic neurons release, exerts a direct effect on DMG tumor cells, promoting increased proliferation and invasion through muscarinic receptors. Pharmacological blockade of M1 and M3 acetylcholine receptors abolished the activity-regulated increase in DMG proliferation in cholinergic neuron-glioma co-culture and in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that midbrain cholinergic neuron long-range projections to midline structures promote activity-dependent DMG growth through M1 and M3 cholinergic receptors, mirroring a parallel proliferative effect on healthy OPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Drexler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Antonia Drinnenberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Avishai Gavish
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Belgin Yalcin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kiarash Shamardani
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Abigail Rogers
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca Mancusi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kathryn R Taylor
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yoon Seok Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Pamelyn J Woo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alexandre Ravel
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eva Tatlock
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Charu Ramakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alberto E Ayala-Sarmiento
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua J Breunig
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Liu S, Nawarawong N, Liu X, Liu QS, Olsen CM. Dissociable dorsal medial prefrontal cortex ensembles are necessary for cocaine seeking and fear conditioning in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:387. [PMID: 39313502 PMCID: PMC11420216 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) plays a dual role in modulating drug seeking and fear-related behaviors. Learned associations between cues and drug seeking are encoded by a specific ensemble of neurons. This study explored the stability of a dmPFC cocaine seeking ensemble over 2 weeks and its influence on persistent cocaine seeking and fear memory retrieval. In the first series of experiments, we trained TetTag c-fos-driven-EGFP mice in cocaine self-administration and tagged strongly activated neurons with EGFP during the initial day 7 cocaine seeking session. Subsequently, a follow-up seeking test was conducted 2 weeks later to examine ensemble reactivation between two seeking sessions via c-Fos immunostaining. In the second series of experiments, we co-injected viruses expressing TRE-cre and a cre-dependent inhibitory PSAM-GlyR into the dmPFC of male and female c-fos-tTA mice to enable "tagging" of cocaine seeking ensemble or cued fear ensemble neurons with inhibitory chemogenetic receptors. These c-fos-tTA mice have the c-fos promoter that drives expression of the tetracycline transactivator (tTA). The tTA can bind to the tetracycline response element (TRE) site on the viral construct, resulting in the expression of cre-recombinase, which enables the expression of cre-dependent inhibitory chemogenetic receptors and fluorescent reporters. Then we investigated ensemble contribution to subsequent cocaine seeking and fear recall during inhibition of the tagged ensemble by administering uPSEM792s (0.3 mg/kg), a selective ligand for PSAM-GlyR. In both sexes, there was a positive association between the persistence of cocaine seeking and the proportion of reactivated EGFP+ neurons within the dmPFC. More importantly, inhibition of the cocaine seeking ensemble suppressed cocaine seeking, but not recall of fear memory, while inhibition of the fear ensemble reduced conditioned freezing but not cocaine seeking. The results demonstrate that cocaine and fear recall ensembles in the dmPFC are stable, but largely exclusive from one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Natalie Nawarawong
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Qing-Song Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Christopher M Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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38
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Duan Y, Ye C, Liao J, Xie X. LY2940094, an NOPR antagonist, promotes oligodendrocyte generation and myelin recovery in an NOPR independent manner. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00424. [PMID: 39004556 PMCID: PMC11581876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The myelin sheath plays crucial roles in brain development and neuronal functions. In the central nervous system, myelin is generated by oligodendrocytes, that differentiate from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC). In demyelinating diseases, the differentiation capacity of OPC is impaired and remyelination is dampened. Boosting remyelination by promoting OPC differentiation is a novel strategy for the treatment of demyelinating diseases. The opioid system, which consists of four receptors and their ligands, has been implicated in OPC differentiation and myelin formation. However, the exact roles of each opioid receptor and the relevant pharmacological molecules in OPC differentiation and myelin formation remain elusive. In the present study, specific agonists and antagonists of each opioid receptor were used to explore the function of opioid receptors in OPC differentiation. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOPR) specific antagonist LY2940094 was found to stimulate OPC differentiation and myelination in both in vitro and in vivo models. Unexpectedly, other NOPR ligands did not affect OPC differentiation, and NOPR knockdown did not mimic or impede the effect of LY2940094. LY2940094 was found to modulate the expression of the oligodendrocytes differentiation-associated transcription factors ID4 and Myrf, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. Since LY2940094 has been tested clinically to treat depression and alcohol dependency and has displayed an acceptable safety profile, it may provide an alternative approach to treat demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Chenyuan Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingyi Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, China.
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39
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Kolesnikova TO, Demin KA, Costa FV, de Abreu MS, Kalueff AV. Zebrafish models for studying cognitive enhancers. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 164:105797. [PMID: 38971515 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is commonly seen both in normal aging and in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Various experimental animal models represent a valuable tool to study brain cognitive processes and their deficits. Equally important is the search for novel drugs to treat cognitive deficits and improve cognitions. Complementing rodent and clinical findings, studies utilizing zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly gaining popularity in translational cognitive research and neuroactive drug screening. Here, we discuss the value of zebrafish models and assays for screening nootropic (cognitive enhancer) drugs and the discovery of novel nootropics. We also discuss the existing challenges, and outline future directions of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Fabiano V Costa
- Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; West Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Suzhou Key Laboratory on Neurobiology and Cell Signaling, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
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40
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Xin W, Kaneko M, Roth RH, Zhang A, Nocera S, Ding JB, Stryker MP, Chan JR. Oligodendrocytes and myelin limit neuronal plasticity in visual cortex. Nature 2024; 633:856-863. [PMID: 39169185 PMCID: PMC11424474 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Developmental myelination is a protracted process in the mammalian brain1. One theory for why oligodendrocytes mature so slowly posits that myelination may stabilize neuronal circuits and temper neuronal plasticity as animals age2-4. We tested this theory in the visual cortex, which has a well-defined critical period for experience-dependent neuronal plasticity5. During adolescence, visual experience modulated the rate of oligodendrocyte maturation in visual cortex. To determine whether oligodendrocyte maturation in turn regulates neuronal plasticity, we genetically blocked oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in adolescent mice. In adult mice lacking adolescent oligodendrogenesis, a brief period of monocular deprivation led to a significant decrease in visual cortex responses to the deprived eye, reminiscent of the plasticity normally restricted to adolescence. This enhanced functional plasticity was accompanied by a greater turnover of dendritic spines and coordinated reductions in spine size following deprivation. Furthermore, inhibitory synaptic transmission, which gates experience-dependent plasticity at the circuit level, was diminished in the absence of adolescent oligodendrogenesis. These results establish a critical role for oligodendrocytes in shaping the maturation and stabilization of cortical circuits and support the concept of developmental myelination acting as a functional brake on neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Xin
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Megumi Kaneko
- Department of Physiology, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard H Roth
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Albert Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Nocera
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jun B Ding
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Stryker
- Department of Physiology, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonah R Chan
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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41
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Bergstrom JJD, Fu MM. Dysregulation of myelination-related genes in schizophrenia. J Neurochem 2024; 168:2227-2242. [PMID: 39086020 PMCID: PMC11449665 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenic individuals display disrupted myelination patterns, altered oligodendrocyte distribution, and abnormal oligodendrocyte morphology. Schizophrenia is linked with dysregulation of a variety of genes involved in oligodendrocyte function and myelin production. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and rare mutations in myelination-related genes are observed in certain schizophrenic populations, representing potential genetic risk factors. Downregulation of myelination-related RNAs and proteins, particularly in frontal and limbic regions, is consistently associated with the disorder across multiple studies. These findings support the notion that disruptions in myelination may contribute to the cognitive and behavioral impairments experienced in schizophrenia, although further evidence of causation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng-Meng Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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42
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Duncan GJ, Ingram SD, Emberley K, Hill J, Cordano C, Abdelhak A, McCane M, Jenks JE, Jabassini N, Ananth K, Ferrara SJ, Stedelin B, Sivyer B, Aicher SA, Scanlan T, Watkins TA, Mishra A, Nelson JW, Green AJ, Emery B. Remyelination protects neurons from DLK-mediated neurodegeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.30.560267. [PMID: 37873342 PMCID: PMC10592610 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.30.560267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic demyelination and oligodendrocyte loss deprive neurons of crucial support. It is the degeneration of neurons and their connections that drives progressive disability in demyelinating disease. However, whether chronic demyelination triggers neurodegeneration and how it may do so remain unclear. We characterize two genetic mouse models of inducible demyelination, one distinguished by effective remyelination and the other by remyelination failure and chronic demyelination. While both demyelinating lines feature axonal damage, mice with blocked remyelination have elevated neuronal apoptosis and altered microglial inflammation, whereas mice with efficient remyelination do not feature neuronal apoptosis and have improved functional recovery. Remyelination incapable mice show increased activation of kinases downstream of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) and phosphorylation of c-Jun in neuronal nuclei. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic disruption of DLK block c-Jun phosphorylation and the apoptosis of demyelinated neurons. Together, we demonstrate that remyelination is associated with neuroprotection and identify DLK inhibition as protective strategy for chronically demyelinated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg J. Duncan
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Sam D Ingram
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Katie Emberley
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jo Hill
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Christian Cordano
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Ahmed Abdelhak
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Michael McCane
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Jenks
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Nora Jabassini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Kirtana Ananth
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Skylar J. Ferrara
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Brittany Stedelin
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin Sivyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Sue A. Aicher
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Thomas Scanlan
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Trent A. Watkins
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anusha Mishra
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Nelson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Ari J. Green
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ben Emery
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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43
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Kim JH, Bae HG, Wu WC, Nip K, Gould E. SCN2A-linked myelination deficits and synaptic plasticity alterations drive auditory processing disorders in ASD. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4925935. [PMID: 39257993 PMCID: PMC11384822 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4925935/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by complex sensory processing deficits. A key unresolved question is how alterations in neural connectivity and communication translate into the behavioral manifestations seen in ASD. Here, we investigate how oligodendrocyte dysfunction alters myelin plasticity and neuronal activity, leading to auditory processing disorder associated with ASD. We focus on the SCN2A gene, an ASD-risk factor, to understand its role in myelination and neural processing within the auditory nervous system. Through transcriptional profiling, we identified alterations in the expression of myelin-associated genes in Scn2a conditional knockout mice, highlighting the cellular consequences engendered by Scn2a deletion in oligodendrocytes. The results reveal a nuanced interplay between oligodendrocytes and axons, where Scn2a deletion causes alterations in the intricate process of myelination. This disruption instigates changes in axonal properties, presynaptic excitability, and synaptic plasticity at the single cell level. Furthermore, oligodendrocyte-specific Scn2a deletion compromises the integrity of neural circuitry within auditory pathways, leading to auditory hypersensitivity. Our findings reveal a novel pathway linking myelin deficits to synaptic activity and sensory abnormalities in ASD.
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44
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Glial plasticity dysregulation contributes to learning impairments in the neurogenetic disorder NF1. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1447-1448. [PMID: 38831040 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
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45
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Foerster S, Floriddia EM, van Bruggen D, Kukanja P, Hervé B, Cheng S, Kim E, Phillips BU, Heath CJ, Tripathi RB, Call C, Bartels T, Ridley K, Neumann B, López-Cruz L, Crawford AH, Lynch CJ, Serrano M, Saksida L, Rowitch DH, Möbius W, Nave KA, Rasband MN, Bergles DE, Kessaris N, Richardson WD, Bussey TJ, Zhao C, Castelo-Branco G, Franklin RJM. Developmental origin of oligodendrocytes determines their function in the adult brain. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1545-1554. [PMID: 38849524 PMCID: PMC11303253 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In the mouse embryonic forebrain, developmentally distinct oligodendrocyte progenitor cell populations and their progeny, oligodendrocytes, emerge from three distinct regions in a spatiotemporal gradient from ventral to dorsal. However, the functional importance of this oligodendrocyte developmental heterogeneity is unknown. Using a genetic strategy to ablate dorsally derived oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OLCs), we show here that the areas in which dorsally derived OLCs normally reside in the adult central nervous system become populated and myelinated by OLCs of ventral origin. These ectopic oligodendrocytes (eOLs) have a distinctive gene expression profile as well as subtle myelination abnormalities. The failure of eOLs to fully assume the role of the original dorsally derived cells results in locomotor and cognitive deficits in the adult animal. This study reveals the importance of developmental heterogeneity within the oligodendrocyte lineage and its importance for homeostatic brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foerster
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisa M Floriddia
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David van Bruggen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Kukanja
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bastien Hervé
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shangli Cheng
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm and Hong Kong nodes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eosu Kim
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Benjamin U Phillips
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher J Heath
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Richa B Tripathi
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cody Call
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Bartels
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine Ridley
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Björn Neumann
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abbe H Crawford
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cian J Lynch
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Saksida
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - David H Rowitch
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthew N Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicoletta Kessaris
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - William D Richardson
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J Bussey
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm and Hong Kong nodes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Robin J M Franklin
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK.
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46
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Yin C, Luo K, Zhu X, Zheng R, Wang Y, Yu G, Wang X, She F, Chen X, Li T, Chen J, Bian B, Su Y, Niu J, Wang Y. Fluoxetine Rescues Excessive Myelin Formation and Psychological Behaviors in a Murine PTSD Model. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:1037-1052. [PMID: 39014176 PMCID: PMC11306862 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex mental disorder notable for traumatic experience memory. Although current first-line treatments are linked with clinically important symptom reduction, a large proportion of patients retained to experience considerable residual symptoms, indicating pathogenic mechanism should be illustrated further. Recent studies reported that newly formed myelin could shape neural circuit function and be implicated in fear memory preservation. However, its role in PTSD remains to be elucidated. In this study, we adopted a restraint stress-induced PTSD mouse model and found that PTSD-related neuropsychiatric symptoms were accompanied by increased myelination in the posterior parietal cortex and hippocampus. Fluoxetine, but not risperidone or sertraline, has a more profound rescue effect on neuropsychological behaviors and myelin abnormalities. Further mechanistic experiments revealed that fluoxetine could directly interfere with oligodendroglial differentiation by upregulating Wnt signaling. Our data demonstrated the correlation between PTSD and abnormal myelination, suggesting that the oligodendroglial lineage could be a target for PTSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Yin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kefei Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ronghang Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Central Medical Branch of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guangdan Yu
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fei She
- Department of Emergency, the Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jingfei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Baduojie Bian
- Army 953 Hospital, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Yixun Su
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Army 953 Hospital, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shigatse, 857000, China.
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47
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Osso LA, Hughes EG. Dynamics of mature myelin. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1449-1461. [PMID: 38773349 PMCID: PMC11515933 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Myelin, which is produced by oligodendrocytes, insulates axons to facilitate rapid and efficient action potential propagation in the central nervous system. Traditionally viewed as a stable structure, myelin is now known to undergo dynamic modulation throughout life. This Review examines these dynamics, focusing on two key aspects: (1) the turnover of myelin, involving not only the renewal of constituents but the continuous wholesale replacement of myelin membranes; and (2) the structural remodeling of pre-existing, mature myelin, a newly discovered form of neural plasticity that can be stimulated by external factors, including neuronal activity, behavioral experience and injury. We explore the mechanisms regulating these dynamics and speculate that myelin remodeling could be driven by an asymmetry in myelin turnover or reactivation of pathways involved in myelin formation. Finally, we outline how myelin remodeling could have profound impacts on neural function, serving as an integral component of behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Osso
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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48
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Pan Y, Hysinger JD, Yalçın B, Lennon JJ, Byun YG, Raghavan P, Schindler NF, Anastasaki C, Chatterjee J, Ni L, Xu H, Malacon K, Jahan SM, Ivec AE, Aghoghovwia BE, Mount CW, Nagaraja S, Scheaffer S, Attardi LD, Gutmann DH, Monje M. Nf1 mutation disrupts activity-dependent oligodendroglial plasticity and motor learning in mice. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1555-1564. [PMID: 38816530 PMCID: PMC11303248 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Neurogenetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), can cause cognitive and motor impairments, traditionally attributed to intrinsic neuronal defects such as disruption of synaptic function. Activity-regulated oligodendroglial plasticity also contributes to cognitive and motor functions by tuning neural circuit dynamics. However, the relevance of oligodendroglial plasticity to neurological dysfunction in NF1 is unclear. Here we explore the contribution of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to pathological features of the NF1 syndrome in mice. Both male and female littermates (4-24 weeks of age) were used equally in this study. We demonstrate that mice with global or OPC-specific Nf1 heterozygosity exhibit defects in activity-dependent oligodendrogenesis and harbor focal OPC hyperdensities with disrupted homeostatic OPC territorial boundaries. These OPC hyperdensities develop in a cell-intrinsic Nf1 mutation-specific manner due to differential PI3K/AKT activation. OPC-specific Nf1 loss impairs oligodendroglial differentiation and abrogates the normal oligodendroglial response to neuronal activity, leading to impaired motor learning performance. Collectively, these findings show that Nf1 mutation delays oligodendroglial development and disrupts activity-dependent OPC function essential for normal motor learning in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jared D Hysinger
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James J Lennon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Youkyeong Gloria Byun
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Preethi Raghavan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicole F Schindler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jit Chatterjee
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lijun Ni
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Haojun Xu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karen Malacon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samin M Jahan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexis E Ivec
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin E Aghoghovwia
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher W Mount
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Surya Nagaraja
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Scheaffer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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49
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Song J, Saglam A, Zuchero JB, Buch VP. Translating Molecular Approaches to Oligodendrocyte-Mediated Neurological Circuit Modulation. Brain Sci 2024; 14:648. [PMID: 39061389 PMCID: PMC11275066 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) exhibits remarkable adaptability throughout life, enabled by intricate interactions between neurons and glial cells, in particular, oligodendrocytes (OLs) and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). This adaptability is pivotal for learning and memory, with OLs and OPCs playing a crucial role in neural circuit development, synaptic modulation, and myelination dynamics. Myelination by OLs not only supports axonal conduction but also undergoes adaptive modifications in response to neuronal activity, which is vital for cognitive processing and memory functions. This review discusses how these cellular interactions and myelin dynamics are implicated in various neurocircuit diseases and disorders such as epilepsy, gliomas, and psychiatric conditions, focusing on how maladaptive changes contribute to disease pathology and influence clinical outcomes. It also covers the potential for new diagnostics and therapeutic approaches, including pharmacological strategies and emerging biomarkers in oligodendrocyte functions and myelination processes. The evidence supports a fundamental role for myelin plasticity and oligodendrocyte functionality in synchronizing neural activity and high-level cognitive functions, offering promising avenues for targeted interventions in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Song
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Aybike Saglam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
| | - J. Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
| | - Vivek P. Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.); (J.B.Z.)
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Yalçın B, Pomrenze MB, Malacon K, Drexler R, Rogers AE, Shamardani K, Chau IJ, Taylor KR, Ni L, Contreras-Esquivel D, Malenka RC, Monje M. Myelin plasticity in the ventral tegmental area is required for opioid reward. Nature 2024; 630:677-685. [PMID: 38839962 PMCID: PMC11186775 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
All drugs of abuse induce long-lasting changes in synaptic transmission and neural circuit function that underlie substance-use disorders1,2. Another recently appreciated mechanism of neural circuit plasticity is mediated through activity-regulated changes in myelin that can tune circuit function and influence cognitive behaviour3-7. Here we explore the role of myelin plasticity in dopaminergic circuitry and reward learning. We demonstrate that dopaminergic neuronal activity-regulated myelin plasticity is a key modulator of dopaminergic circuit function and opioid reward. Oligodendroglial lineage cells respond to dopaminergic neuronal activity evoked by optogenetic stimulation of dopaminergic neurons, optogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons, or administration of morphine. These oligodendroglial changes are evident selectively within the ventral tegmental area but not along the axonal projections in the medial forebrain bundle nor within the target nucleus accumbens. Genetic blockade of oligodendrogenesis dampens dopamine release dynamics in nucleus accumbens and impairs behavioural conditioning to morphine. Taken together, these findings underscore a critical role for oligodendrogenesis in reward learning and identify dopaminergic neuronal activity-regulated myelin plasticity as an important circuit modification that is required for opioid reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew B Pomrenze
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karen Malacon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Richard Drexler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abigail E Rogers
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kiarash Shamardani
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Isabelle J Chau
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn R Taylor
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lijun Ni
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Robert C Malenka
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
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