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Rajaie SH, Homayounfar R, Khayyatzadeh SS, Faghih S, Mansoori Y, Naghizadeh MM, Farjam M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. Association of Dietary Acid Load With Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Iranian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50593. [PMID: 38222184 PMCID: PMC10788130 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains one of the leading health challenges worldwide. A combination of genetic and environmental factors has been implicated in the etiology of MetS. Diet is a changeable environmental risk factor, and dietary modifications could significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of numerous diseases, including MetS. Certain dietary factors may contribute to MetS by affecting the acid-base balance within the body. This study examined the association of dietary acid load (DAL) with MetS and its components in Iranian adults. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on 6356 Iranian adults aged 35-70 years. Potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) as two indicators of DAL were calculated based on nutrient intake data from validated food frequency questionnaires. MetS and its components were defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations between DAL and MetS and its components. Age, energy intake, physical activity, education, marital status, home ownership, socioeconomic status, history of obesity-related disease, and calcium supplements were included in model I. Further adjustment in model II was made for body mass index. Results Higher NEAP scores were associated with increased odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the crude model (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01-2.56, p trend = 0.06) in women, which was confirmed in the adjusted models. In model I, women in the last quintile of NEAP had 54% greater odds of having hypertriglyceridemia compared to the first quintile (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.007-2.36, p trend = 0.02). This association was still significant and even stronger after further adjustment for BMI (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.01-2.40, p trend = 0.01). In addition, in model I, men in the fourth quintile of NEAP had 5.68-fold greater odds of hyperglycemia compared to the first quintile (OR: 5.68, 95% CI: 1.18-27.25, p trend = 0.11). Similar results were found in the fully adjusted model (OR: 5.89, 95% CI: 1.19-28.99, p trend = 0.54). Conclusion There was no significant association between DAL and MetS. DAL was positively associated with the odds of low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia in women. Moreover, moderate DAL (NEAP) was associated with an increased odds of hyperglycemia in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Hamide Rajaie
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRN
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IRN
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IRN
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IRN
| | | | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IRN
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IRN
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2
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Pan L, Sui J, Xu Y, Zhao Q. Effect of Nut Consumption on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102394. [PMID: 37242277 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between nut consumption and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the evidence remains inconclusive and contentious. The aim of our study was to further conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore the latest evidence of the influence of nut consumption on NAFLD. This meta-analysis included a comprehensive search of all articles published in the PubMed and Web of Science online databases as of April 2023. A total of 11 articles were included, comprising 2 prospective cohort studies, 3 cross-sectional studies, and 7 case-control studies, and a random effects model was used to evaluate the relationship between nuts and NAFLD. Results showed that the odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.81-0.99, p < 0.001) when comparing the highest and lowest total nut intake, indicating a significant negative correlation. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that the protective effect of nuts on NAFLD was more significant in females (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78-0.98, I2 = 76.2%). In summary, our findings provide support for a protective relationship between nut intake and risk of NAFLD. Further exploration of the association between other dietary components and NAFLD is an important avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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3
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Hernández-López I, Ortiz-Solà J, Alamprese C, Barros L, Shelef O, Basheer L, Rivera A, Abadias M, Aguiló-Aguayo I. Valorization of Local Legumes and Nuts as Key Components of the Mediterranean Diet. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233858. [PMID: 36496665 PMCID: PMC9740325 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes and nuts are components of high importance in the diet of many countries, mainly those in the Mediterranean region. They are also very versatile and culturally diverse foods found all over the world, acting as a basic protein source in certain countries. Their genetic diversity is needed to sustain the food supply and security for humans and livestock, especially because of the current loss of habitats, species, and genetic diversity worldwide, but also because of the ever present need to feed the increasing human population. Even though both legumes and nuts are considered as high-protein food and environmentally friendly crops, developed countries have lower consumption rates when compared to Asia or Africa. With a view to increasing the consumption of legumes and nuts, the objective of this review is to present the advantages on the use of autochthonous varieties from different countries around the world, thus providing a boost to the local market in the area. The consumption of these varieties could be helped by their use in ready-to-eat foods (RTE), which are now on the rise thanks to today's fast-paced lifestyles and the search for more nutritious and sustainable foods. The versatility of legumes and nuts covers a wide range of possibilities through their use in plant-based dairy analogues, providing alternative-protein and maximal amounts of nutrients and bioactive compounds, potential plant-based flours for bakery and pasta, and added-value traditional RTE meals. For this reason, information about legume and nut nutrition could possibly increase its acceptance with consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Hernández-López
- IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Ortiz-Solà
- IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Alamprese
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Oren Shelef
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)—Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Loai Basheer
- Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel
| | - Ana Rivera
- Miquel Agustí Foundation, Campus Baix Llobregat, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
- Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Campus Baix Llobregat, Polytechnic University of Catalonia-BarcelonaTech, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Maribel Abadias
- IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ingrid Aguiló-Aguayo
- IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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4
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Hjelmesæth J, Sjöberg A. Human body weight, nutrients, and foods: a scoping review. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8814. [PMID: 36035748 PMCID: PMC9396931 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jøran Hjelmesæth
- Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Medicine, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Jøran Hjelmesæth, Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Medicine, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Boks 2168, NO-3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
| | - Agneta Sjöberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Why Should Pistachio Be a Regular Food in Our Diet? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153207. [PMID: 35956383 PMCID: PMC9370095 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pistachio is regarded as a relevant source of biologically active components that, compared to other nuts, possess a healthier nutritional profile with low-fat content composed mainly of monounsaturated fatty acids, a high source of vegetable protein and dietary fibre, remarkable content of minerals, especially potassium, and an excellent source of vitamins, such as vitamins C and E. A rich composition in terms of phytochemicals, such as tocopherols, carotenoids, and, importantly, phenolic compounds, makes pistachio a powerful food to explore its involvement in the prevention of prevalent pathologies. Although pistachio has been less explored than other nuts (walnut, almonds, hazelnut, etc.), many studies provide evidence of its beneficial effects on CVD risk factors beyond the lipid-lowering effect. The present review gathers recent data regarding the most beneficial effects of pistachio on lipid and glucose homeostasis, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation that essentially convey a protective/preventive effect on the onset of pathological conditions, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, CVD, and cancer. Likewise, the influence of pistachio consumption on gut microbiota is reviewed with promising results. However, population nut consumption does not meet current intake recommendations due to the extended belief that they are fattening products, their high cost, or teething problems, among the most critical barriers, which would be solved with more research and information.
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6
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The Effect of Changing Climatic Conditions on the Morphological Traits and Chemical Composition of Almond Kernels. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8060487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of two contrasting years, in terms of climatic parameters, on kernel morphology and content and on the composition of oil, tocopherols and the 11 macro- and micro-elements in almonds. Low precipitation and high temperatures increased the content of tocopherols, Cu and Zn but decreased the kernel ratio, the oil content, and the levels of macro-elements and of Cr, Fe, Mn and Mo. The obtained data indicate some statistically significant correlations among the kernel quality parameters and climate. A small variation in oil concentration with the highest value in ‘Texas’ (60.07%) was observed. The main tocopherol homologue was α-tocopherol (39.4 to 404.4 mg/100 g DW), representing more than 90% of the total tocopherols. Potassium was predominant (882.0 to 1104.5 mg/100 g), followed by phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and sodium. The most abundant micro-elements were iron (3.095 to 3.708 mg/100 g) and zinc (2.641 to 4.765 mg/100 g), followed by manganese, copper, molybdenum and chromium. The genotype 15/03 has the highest level of health-promoting compounds (α-tocopherol, potassium and zinc), so that, together with genotype 25/03 which showed the best response to changing climatic conditions, this genotype could be of interest for breeding programs.
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7
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Mihaylova D, Popova A, Goranova Z, Doykina P. Development of Healthy Vegan Bonbons Enriched with Lyophilized Peach Powder. Foods 2022; 11:1580. [PMID: 35681330 PMCID: PMC9180698 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing nutritional demands, in combination with the global trend for snacking, sets a goal for preparing food products for direct consumption with certain beneficial properties. This study was designed to investigate the quality characteristics of raw vegan bonbons enriched with lyophilized peach powder. Three types of formulations were prepared in which 10%, 20%, and 30% of lyophilized peach powder were, respectively, added. The newly developed vegan products were characterized in terms of their physical (moisture, ash, color, water activity), microbiological, and nutritional characteristics. Their antioxidant activity, flavonoid, and phenolic content were also evaluated. Considering the content of the bonbons, the reported health claims indicate that they are sources of fiber, with no added sugar, and contain naturally occurring sugars. The color measurements demonstrated similarity in the values. This study showed that there is significant potential in the production of healthy snacks for direct consumption, with beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasha Mihaylova
- Department of Biotechnology, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Aneta Popova
- Department of Catering and Nutrition, Economics Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Zhivka Goranova
- Institute of Food Preservation and Quality, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Pavlina Doykina
- Department of Catering and Nutrition, Economics Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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8
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Tree Nuts and Peanuts as a Source of Beneficial Compounds and a Threat for Allergic Consumers: Overview on Methods for Their Detection in Complex Food Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050728. [PMID: 35267361 PMCID: PMC8909911 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of tree nuts and peanuts has considerably increased over the last decades due to their nutritional composition and the content of beneficial compounds. On the other hand, such widespread consumption worldwide has also generated a growing incidence of allergy in the sensitive population. Allergy to nuts and peanuts represents a global relevant problem, especially due to the risk of the ingestion of hidden allergens as a result of cross-contamination between production lines at industrial level occurring during food manufacturing. The present review provides insights on peanuts, almonds, and four nut allergens—namely hazelnuts, walnuts, cashew, and pistachios—that are likely to cross-contaminate different food commodities. The paper aims at covering both the biochemical aspect linked to the identified allergenic proteins for each allergen category and the different methodological approaches developed for allergens detection and identification. Attention has been also paid to mass spectrometry methods and to current efforts of the scientific community to identify a harmonized approach for allergens quantification through the detection of allergen markers.
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9
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Caldas APS, Rocha DMUP, Dionísio AP, Hermsdorff HHM, Bressan J. Brazil and cashew nuts intake improve body composition and endothelial health in women at cardiometabolic risk (Brazilian Nuts Study): a randomized controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-38. [PMID: 35193718 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452100475x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Several mechanisms have been proposed for the beneficial effect of nuts on health. However, Brazil and cashew nuts remain the least studied. We aim to evaluate the effect of these nuts within an energy-restricted diet on body weight, body composition, cardiometabolic markers, and endothelial function in cardiometabolic risk women. Brazilian nuts study is a randomized controlled parallel 8-week dietary intervention trial. Forty women were randomly allocated to 1) Control group: Energy-restricted diet without nuts, n= 19 or, 2) Brazil and cashew nuts group (BN-Group): Energy-restricted diet containing daily 45 g of nuts (15 g of Brazil nuts + 30g of cashew nuts), n= 21. At the beginning and final intervention, anthropometry, body composition, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood sampling was obtained to evaluate lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and endothelial function markers. After 8-week, plasma selenium concentration increased in BN-group (∆ = + 31.5 ± 7.8 μg/L; p= 0.001). Brazil and cashew nuts intake reduced total body fat (-1.3 ± 0.4 %) parallel to improvement of lean mass percentage in BN-group compared to the control. Besides, the soluble adhesion molecule VCAM-1 decreased (24.03 ± 15.7 pg/mL vs. -22.2 ± 10.3 pg/mL; p= 0.019) after Brazil and cashew nuts intake compared to the control. However, lipid and glucose profile markers, apolipoproteins, and blood pressure remained unchanged after the intervention. Thus, the addition of Brazil and cashew nuts to an energy-restricted diet can be a healthy strategy to improve body composition, selenium status, and endothelial inflammation in cardiometabolic risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Silva Caldas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Dionísio
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Sara Mesquita Street, 2270, 60511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Cubas-Basterrechea G, Elío I, Sumalla-Cano S, Aparicio-Obregón S, González-Antón CT, Muñoz-Cacho P. The Regular Consumption of Nuts Is Associated with a Lower Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Older People from the North of Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031256. [PMID: 35162277 PMCID: PMC8834977 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to relate the adherence to nut consumption (30 g) three or more days per week to the prevalence of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an elderly population from the north of Spain. Methods: The study consists of an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study conducted in 556 non-institutionalised individuals between 65 and 79 years of age. To define the consumption recommendation of nuts the indication of the questionnaire MEDAS-14 was followed. The diagnosis of MetS was conducted using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Results: In 264 subjects aged 71.9 (SD: ±4.2) years old, 39% of whom were men, the adherence to nut consumption recommendations was 40.2%. Of these individuals, 79.5% had abdominal obesity. The prevalence of MetS was 40.2%, being 47.6% in men and 35.4% in women (p < 0.05). A nut consumption lower than recommended was associated with a 19% higher prevalence of abdominal obesity (Prevalence Ratio: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03−1.37; p < 0.05) and a 61% higher prevalence of MetS (Prevalence Ratio: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16−2.25; p = 0.005) compared to a consumption of ≥3 servings per week. Conclusion: An inverse relationship was established between nut consumption and the prevalence of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cubas-Basterrechea
- Dietetic Section, Hospital Universitario “Marqués de Valdecilla”, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-617-597-045
| | - Iñaki Elío
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (I.E.); (S.S.-C.); (S.A.-O.)
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Sport, Iberoamerican Internarional University, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Sandra Sumalla-Cano
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (I.E.); (S.S.-C.); (S.A.-O.)
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Sport, Iberoamerican Internarional University, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Silvia Aparicio-Obregón
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain; (I.E.); (S.S.-C.); (S.A.-O.)
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Sport, Iberoamerican Internarional University, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | | | - Pedro Muñoz-Cacho
- Teaching Department of Primary Care Management, Cantabrian Health Service, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain;
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Hadi A, Asbaghi O, Kazemi M, Haghighian HK, Pantovic A, Ghaedi E, Abolhasani Zadeh F. Consumption of pistachio nuts positively affects lipid profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34933637 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2018569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of consuming pistachio nuts on lipid profiles (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglyceride [TG]). Databases of PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to June 2019 to identify RCTs documenting the effects of consuming pistachio nuts on blood lipid profiles in adults. Effect sizes were reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects models (DerSimonian-Laird method). Twelve eligible RCTs were included. Consumption of pistachio nuts decreased TC (WMD: -7.48 mg/dL; 95% CI, -12.62 to -2.34), LDL-C (WMD: -3.82 mg/dL; 95% CI, -5.49 to -2.16) and TG (WMD: -11.19 mg/dL; 95% CI, -14.21 to -8.17) levels. However, HDL-cholesterol levels (WMD: 2.45 mg/dL; 95% CI, -2.44 to 7.33) did not change following pistachio consumption. Consuming pistachio nuts may improve lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, TG) in adults and may be protective against cardiometabolic diseases. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemi
- Human Metabolic Research Unit, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Hossein Khadem Haghighian
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of on-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ana Pantovic
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shi R, Bai H, Li B, Liu C, Ying Z, Xiong Z, Wang W. Combined Transcriptome and Lipidomic Analyses of Lipid Biosynthesis in Macadamia ternifolia Nuts. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1431. [PMID: 34947962 PMCID: PMC8707767 DOI: 10.3390/life11121431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macadamia nuts are considered a high-quality oil crop worldwide. To date, the lipid diversity and the genetic factors that mediate storage lipid biosynthesis in Macadamia ternifolia are poorly known. Here, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and lipidomic data analysis to understand the mechanism of lipid biosynthesis by using young, medium-aged, and mature fruit kernels. Our lipidomic analysis showed that the M. ternifolia kernel was a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, different species of triacylglycerols, diacylglycerol, ceramides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidic acid had altered accumulations during the developmental stages. The transcriptome analysis revealed a large percentage of differently expressed genes during the different stages of macadamia growth. Most of the genes with significant differential expression performed functional activity of oxidoreductase and were enriched in the secondary metabolite pathway. The integration of lipidomic and transcriptomic data allowed for the identification of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, diacylglycerol kinase, phosphatidylinositols, nonspecific phospholipase C, pyruvate kinase 2, 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, and linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase as putative candidate genes involved in lipid biosynthesis, storage, and oil quality. Our study found comprehensive datasets of lipidomic and transcriptomic changes in the developing kernel of M. ternifolia. In addition, the identification of candidate genes provides essential prerequisites to understand the molecular mechanism of lipid biosynthesis in the kernel of M. ternifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.S.); (C.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Haidong Bai
- Lincang Academy of Forestry, Lincang 677009, China;
| | - Biao Li
- Yuxi Sannong Plateau Characteristic Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd., Chengjiang 652599, China;
| | - Can Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.S.); (C.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhiping Ying
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.S.); (C.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhi Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.S.); (C.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Wenlin Wang
- Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Longzhou 532415, China
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13
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Vahdati K, Sarikhani S, Arab MM, Leslie CA, Dandekar AM, Aletà N, Bielsa B, Gradziel TM, Montesinos Á, Rubio-Cabetas MJ, Sideli GM, Serdar Ü, Akyüz B, Beccaro GL, Donno D, Rovira M, Ferguson L, Akbari M, Sheikhi A, Sestras AF, Kafkas S, Paizila A, Roozban MR, Kaur A, Panta S, Zhang L, Sestras RE, Mehlenbacher SA. Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112234. [PMID: 34834597 PMCID: PMC8623031 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The production and consumption of nuts are increasing in the world due to strong economic returns and the nutritional value of their products. With the increasing role and importance given to nuts (i.e., walnuts, hazelnut, pistachio, pecan, almond) in a balanced and healthy diet and their benefits to human health, breeding of the nuts species has also been stepped up. Most recent fruit breeding programs have focused on scion genetic improvement. However, the use of locally adapted grafted rootstocks also enhanced the productivity and quality of tree fruit crops. Grafting is an ancient horticultural practice used in nut crops to manipulate scion phenotype and productivity and overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. There are complex rootstock breeding objectives and physiological and molecular aspects of rootstock-scion interactions in nut crops. In this review, we provide an overview of these, considering the mechanisms involved in nutrient and water uptake, regulation of phytohormones, and rootstock influences on the scion molecular processes, including long-distance gene silencing and trans-grafting. Understanding the mechanisms resulting from rootstock × scion × environmental interactions will contribute to developing new rootstocks with resilience in the face of climate change, but also of the multitude of diseases and pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Vahdati
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran; (S.S.); (M.M.A.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Saadat Sarikhani
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran; (S.S.); (M.M.A.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Arab
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran; (S.S.); (M.M.A.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Charles A. Leslie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields, Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.A.L.); (A.M.D.); (T.M.G.); (G.M.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields, Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.A.L.); (A.M.D.); (T.M.G.); (G.M.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Neus Aletà
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA Fruit Production, Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Bielsa
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (B.B.); (Á.M.); (M.J.R.-C.)
| | - Thomas M. Gradziel
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields, Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.A.L.); (A.M.D.); (T.M.G.); (G.M.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Álvaro Montesinos
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (B.B.); (Á.M.); (M.J.R.-C.)
| | - María José Rubio-Cabetas
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (B.B.); (Á.M.); (M.J.R.-C.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón–IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gina M. Sideli
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields, Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.A.L.); (A.M.D.); (T.M.G.); (G.M.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Ümit Serdar
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Turkey; (Ü.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Burak Akyüz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Turkey; (Ü.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Gabriele Loris Beccaro
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.L.B.); (D.D.)
| | - Dario Donno
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (G.L.B.); (D.D.)
| | - Mercè Rovira
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA Fruit Production, Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell, Km. 3.8, 43120 Constantí, Spain;
| | - Louise Ferguson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields, Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.A.L.); (A.M.D.); (T.M.G.); (G.M.S.); (L.F.)
| | | | - Abdollatif Sheikhi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran;
| | - Adriana F. Sestras
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Salih Kafkas
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana 01380, Turkey; (S.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Aibibula Paizila
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana 01380, Turkey; (S.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Mahmoud Reza Roozban
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran; (S.S.); (M.M.A.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (A.K.); (S.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Srijana Panta
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (A.K.); (S.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (A.K.); (S.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Radu E. Sestras
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Darfour B, Ofori H, Asare I. Gamma irradiation and drying method: The effects on kola nut powder. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Caltagirone C, Peano C, Sottile F. Post-harvest Industrial Processes of Almond ( Prunus dulcis L. Mill) in Sicily Influence the Nutraceutical Properties of By-Products at Harvest and During Storage. Front Nutr 2021; 8:659378. [PMID: 34150827 PMCID: PMC8206266 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.659378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Almond cultivation in Sicily is experiencing a phase of great interest which is mainly concentrated in the development of specialized orchards, with irrigation and by adopting cultivars with high qualitative and quantitative performances. These are mostly Mediterranean genotypes with high fat content and hard or semi-hard shell, extremely different from the varieties of Californian diffusion. The development of the sector comprises the primary production of almonds but also a series of secondary products which often represent a burden for the company. From these considerations several researches have been developed with the aim of giving a value to these by-products through circular economy paths. One of the by-products widely produced, besides the shell, is the skin which covers the seed and is produced during the peeling phase. It is well-known that tegument is an important component of almond because it contains important bioactive substances (phenols and aromas) which are usually dispersed during peeling. This paper examined three different Italian cultivars widely spread in Sicily, two of Apulian origin, (Genco and Tuono), and one locally cultivated variety (Vinci a tutti). These three cultivars occupy an increasingly large area and are very popular with consumers and industry. The production of secondary products, therefore, evidences significant quantities and the possibility to give them an added value becomes a need for the sector. Therefore, the content of phenols and proanthocyanins in the skin at harvest and during storage was analyzed, adopting two different separation methods, with and without water. During the analysis it was possible to observe the different behavior of the three cultivars due to genetic and industrial factors. Skin separated without using hot water showed a higher total phenolic presence with average increases of about 20%, and with even higher increases, between 28 and 32%, for proanthocyanins. Vinci a tutti evidenced the highest total phenolic content after 8 months of storing while roasting has revealed to be a more effective skin separation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Caltagirone
- Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center in Bio-Based Reutilization of Waste from Agri-Food Matrices (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristiana Peano
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center in Bio-Based Reutilization of Waste from Agri-Food Matrices (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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16
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Total Nut, Tree Nut, and Peanut Consumption and Metabolic Status in Southern Italian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041847. [PMID: 33672852 PMCID: PMC7918537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nut consumption has been associated with cardio-metabolic health benefits. However, studies conducted in the Southern Italian population, where adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been reported being relatively high, are rather scarce. The aim of this study was to test the association between consumption of total and specific types of nuts and metabolic status among adults living in Sicily, Southern Italy. Methods: Demographic and dietary characteristics of 2044 adults living in Southern Italy were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between nut consumption and metabolic status adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: The energy-adjusted model revealed that higher nut intake was inversely associated with occurrence of hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. However, the association did not remain significant for the latter after adjusting for the main background characteristics, while an inverse association was stably confirmed for hypertension (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46–0.80 and OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26–0.74, respectively) even after adjusting for adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Among individual nut types, most of the associations were null except for higher almond intake, which was inversely associated with occurrence of hypertension (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.49–0.99). Conclusions: Higher nut consumption is associated with overall better metabolic status in individuals living in the Mediterranean area.
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17
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Alami K, Mousavi SY. Afghan Chehelghoza (Pinus gerardiana L.) Pine Nut Diet Enhances the Learning and Memory in Male Rats. NUTRITION AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 2020. [DOI: 10.2147/nds.s278350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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18
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An Almond-Based Low Carbohydrate Diet Improves Depression and Glycometabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes through Modulating Gut Microbiota and GLP-1: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103036. [PMID: 33022991 PMCID: PMC7601479 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alow carbohydrate diet (LCD) is more beneficial for the glycometabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and may be effective in reducing depression. Almond, which is a common nut, has been shown to effectively improve hyperglycemia and depression symptoms. This study aimed to determine the effect of an almond-based LCD (a-LCD) on depression and glycometabolism, as well as gut microbiota and fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in patients with T2DM. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial which compared an a-LCD with a low-fat diet (LFD). Forty-five participants with T2DM at a diabetes club and the Endocrine Division of the First and Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between December 2018 to December 2019 completed each dietary intervention for 3 months, including 22 in the a-LCD group and 23 in the LFD group. The indicators for depression and biochemical indicators including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gut microbiota, and GLP-1 concentration were assessed at the baseline and third month and compared between the two groups. Results: A-LCD significantly improved depression and HbA1c (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, a-LCD significantly increased the short chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-producing bacteria Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Eubacterium. The GLP-1 concentration in the a-LCD group was higher than that in the LFD group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A-LCD could exert a beneficial effect on depression and glycometabolism in patients with T2DM. We speculate that the role of a-LCD in improving depression in patients with T2DM may be associated with it stimulating the growth of SCFAs-producing bacteria, increasing SCFAs production and GPR43 activation, and further maintaining GLP-1 secretion. In future studies, the SCFAs and GPR43 activation should be further examined.
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19
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Carter S, Hill AM, Yandell C, Buckley JD, Tan SY, Rogers GB, Childs J, Matheson M, Lamb K, Ward S, Stanton TR, Fraysse F, Hills AP, Coates AM. Study protocol for a 9-month randomised controlled trial assessing the effects of almonds versus carbohydrate-rich snack foods on weight loss and weight maintenance. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036542. [PMID: 32690523 PMCID: PMC7371143 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies indicate an inverse association between nut consumption and body mass index (BMI). However, clinical trials evaluating the effects of nut consumption compared with a nut-free diet on adiposity have reported mixed findings with some studies reporting greater weight loss and others reporting no weight change. This paper describes the rationale and detailed protocol for a randomised controlled trial assessing whether the inclusion of almonds or carbohydrate-rich snacks in an otherwise nut-free energy-restricted diet will promote weight loss during 3 months of energy restriction and limit weight regain during 6 months of weight maintenance. METHODS AND ANALYSIS One hundred and thirty-four adults aged 25-65 years with a BMI of 27.5-34.9 kg/m2 will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the almond-enriched diet (AED) (15% energy from almonds) or a nut-free control diet (NFD) (15% energy from carbohydrate-rich snack foods). Study snack foods will be provided. Weight loss will be achieved through a 30% energy restriction over 3 months, and weight maintenance will be encouraged for 6 months by increasing overall energy intake by ~120-180 kcal/day (~500-750kJ/day) as required. Food will be self-selected, based on recommendations from the study dietitian. Body composition, resting energy expenditure, total daily energy expenditure (via doubly labelled water), physical activity, appetite regulation, cardiometabolic health, gut microbiome, liver health, inflammatory factors, eating behaviours, mood and personality, functional mobility and pain, quality of life and sleep patterns will be measured throughout the 9-month trial. The effects of intervention on the outcome measures over time will be analysed using random effects mixed models, with treatment (AED or NFD) and time (baseline, 3 months and 9 months) being the between and within factors, respectively in the analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the University of South Australia Human Research Ethics Committee (201436). Results from this trial will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals, national and international presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001861246).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharayah Carter
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Yandell
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geraint B Rogers
- Microbiome Research, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jessie Childs
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Matheson
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Lamb
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan Ward
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tasha R Stanton
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- IMPlementation And Clinical Translation (IIMPACT), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francois Fraysse
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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20
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Effects of nut and seed consumption on markers of glucose metabolism in adults with prediabetes: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2020; 122:361-375. [PMID: 31196252 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim was to investigate the effects of nut and seed consumption on markers of glucose metabolism in adults with prediabetes. Studies with a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design, comparing the effects of a diet containing nuts or seeds against a diet without nuts or seeds in adults with prediabetes, were considered eligible. Primary outcome measures included fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose during oral glucose tolerance test and glycated Hb (HbA1c) concentrations. Studies were identified by searching PubMed and Scopus electronic databases and by checking full texts and reference lists of relevant records. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. We included five RCT involving 371 adults with prediabetes or at risk of diabetes; three RCT investigated the effects of whole nut consumption and two the effects of ground flaxseed consumption. Consumption of 57 g/d pistachios or mean intake of 60 g/d almonds for 4 months improved FPG and fasting plasma insulin (FPI) concentrations, insulin resistance, cellular glucose uptake in lymphocytes and β-cell function. Consumption of 56 g/d walnuts for 6 months was not found to affect FPG or HbA1c concentrations. Consumption of 13 g/d flaxseed for 3 months improved FPG and FPI concentrations and insulin resistance. In a second study, however, flaxseed consumption was not found to affect markers of glucose metabolism. The risk of bias was generally low, thus the reported results could be reliable. Further investigation of nut and seed consumption effects in the field of prediabetes is warranted.
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21
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Dias CCQ, Madruga MS, Pintado MME, Almeida GHO, Alves APV, Dantas FA, Bezerra JKG, de Melo MFFT, Viera VB, Soares JKB. Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) decrease visceral fat, yet augment glucose in dyslipidemic rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225736. [PMID: 31830056 PMCID: PMC6907795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of roasted Cashew nuts consumption on biochemical and murinometric parameters in dyslipidemic rats receiving lipid supplementation. Young male rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 10). The Control group (CONT) was treated with water, the Dyslipidemic group (DL) received a high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, and the Dyslipidemic Cashew Nuts group (DLCN) received the same high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, yet was treated with Cashew nuts. Body parameters, biochemical, hepatic and fecal fatty acid profiles were all evaluated. The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the DL and DLCN groups as compared to the control group. DLCN and CONT presented no difference in HDL levels. DLCN presented higher glycemia levels than the other groups. There was reduction of body fat in DLCN as compared to other groups, but with higher accumulations of liver fat. DLCN presented a reduction in saturated hepatic fatty acids of 20.8%, and an increase of 177% in relation to CONT; there was also a 21% in increase DL for ω9 fatty acids in comparison to CONT. As for fecal fatty acids, there was a lower concentration of polysaturates in DLCN as compared to the other groups. The data showed that the consumption of Cashew nuts by the dyslipidemic animals treated with a hyperlipidic diet induced greater accumulations of liver fat and worsened glycemic levels, despite having reduced visceral fats and increased fecal fat excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina C. Q. Dias
- DEA—Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Marta S. Madruga
- DEA—Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Manuela E. Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Paula Vilar Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Francileide Amaro Dantas
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Bordin Viera
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Juliana Késsia B. Soares
- Department of Nutrition, Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
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22
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Zhang S, Fu J, Zhang Q, Liu L, Meng G, Yao Z, Wu H, Bao X, Gu Y, Lu M, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Xiang H, Wu Y, Niu K. Association between nut consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. Liver Int 2019; 39:1732-1741. [PMID: 31162803 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increased nut consumption has been associated with reduced inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Although these factors are closely involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), few studies have focused on the association between nut consumption and NAFLD in the general population. We aimed to investigate the association of nut consumption and NAFLD in an adult population. METHODS A total of 23 915 participants from Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) Cohort Study were included in this study. Information on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Abdominal ultrasonography was done to diagnose NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of nut consumption with NAFLD. RESULTS After adjusting for sociodemographic, medical, dietary, and lifestyle variables, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for NAFLD across categories of nut consumption were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.91 (0.82, 1.02) for 1 time/week, 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) for 2-3 times/week, and 0.80 (0.69, 0.92) for ≥4 times/week (P for trend < 0.01). These associations were attenuated but remained significant after further adjustment for blood lipids, glucose, and inflammation markers. CONCLUSIONS Higher nut consumption was significantly associated with lower prevalence of NAFLD. Further prospective studies and randomized trials are required to ascertain the causal association between nut consumption and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingzhu Fu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanxin Yao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Lu
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiling Xiang
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuntang Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Vegetable oils, which are a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, vitamins and antioxidants, have a significant effect on the functioning and development of the body and contribute to health maintenance. They can be obtained from seeds, fruit stones, fruit, nuts or sprouts. This study discusses various species of plants that are sources of nut oils consumed in the daily diet and also used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalak Monika
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce
| | - Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz Anna
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin
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25
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Terzo S, Caldara GF, Ferrantelli V, Puleio R, Cassata G, Mulè F, Amato A. Pistachio Consumption Prevents and Improves Lipid Dysmetabolism by Reducing the Lipid Metabolizing Gene Expression in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121857. [PMID: 30513740 PMCID: PMC6316241 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pistachios contain beneficial substances such as unsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. In the present study, we investigated if pistachio consumption is able to prevent or to revert hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and adipose tissue morphological alterations caused by high fat diet (HFD) in the mouse. Moreover, the impact of pistachio intake on the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), fatty acid transport proteins (FAT-P), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1), and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1c (SREBP-1c) in liver and adipose tissue was also analyzed. No change in body weight, food intake, and hyperglycemia was observed between mice consuming pistachios (HFD-P) and HFD mice. Pistachio intake was able to prevent but not to reverse HFD-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Cholesterol plasma levels, steatosis grading, body fat mass, and adipocyte size were significantly lower in HFD-P group compared to HFD in both prevention and reversal protocol. Pistachio-diet was able to prevent HFD-induced overexpression of PPAR-γ, FAS, and SCD1 in the liver and SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, and FAT-P in adipose tissue. Similarly, HFD-P significantly ameliorated the expression levels of FAT-P and SCD1 in the liver and SREBP-1c, FAS, and SCD1 in adipose tissue of obese mice. The present study shows that pistachio consumption is able to prevent and to ameliorate obesity-related dysfunctions by positively modulating the expression of genes linked to lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Felice Caldara
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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26
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Evaluating the associations of consumption of non-red meat protein sources and flavor preferences on sleeping patterns among older adults in China. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-018-0187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Freisling H, Noh H, Slimani N, Chajès V, May AM, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Cross AJ, Skeie G, Jenab M, Mancini FR, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagherazzi G, Katzke VA, Kühn T, Steffen A, Boeing H, Tjønneland A, Kyrø C, Hansen CP, Overvad K, Duell EJ, Redondo-Sánchez D, Amiano P, Navarro C, Barricarte A, Perez-Cornago A, Tsilidis KK, Aune D, Ward H, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Orfanos P, Masala G, Agnoli C, Berrino F, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Mattiello A, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Winkvist A, Braaten T, Romieu I, Sabaté J. Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:2399-2408. [PMID: 28733927 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. METHODS This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25-70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). RESULTS On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (-0.07 kg; 95% CI -0.12 to -0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92-0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90-0.99) (both P trend <0.008). CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Freisling
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150, Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Hwayoung Noh
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150, Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Francesca R Mancini
- Inserm U1018, Gustave Roussy Institute, CESP, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Inserm U1018, Gustave Roussy Institute, CESP, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Inserm U1018, Gustave Roussy Institute, CESP, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla P Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Redondo-Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heather Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute, ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, USA
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Ojeda‐Amador RM, Trapani S, Fregapane G, Salvador MD. Phenolics, Tocopherols, and Volatiles Changes During Virgin Pistachio Oil Processing Under Different Technological Conditions. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Ojeda‐Amador
- Departamento de Tecnología de AlimentosFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de Castilla‐La ManchaAvenida Camilo José Cela, s/n. 13005Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Serena Trapani
- Department of AgriculturalFood and Forestry Systems Management (GESAAF)Food Science and Technology and Microbiology SectionUniversità degli Studi di FirenzeFlorenceItaly
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Departamento de Tecnología de AlimentosFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de Castilla‐La ManchaAvenida Camilo José Cela, s/n. 13005Ciudad RealSpain
| | - María D. Salvador
- Departamento de Tecnología de AlimentosFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de Castilla‐La ManchaAvenida Camilo José Cela, s/n. 13005Ciudad RealSpain
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Li H, Li X, Yuan S, Jin Y, Lu J. Nut consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized trials. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:46. [PMID: 29977320 PMCID: PMC6013998 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nut consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its role in the prevention of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (Mets) and overweight/obesity, remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to determine the association of nut consumption with Mets and overweight/obesity. Methods Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Embase databases and by reviewing the references of relevant literatures. We used random effect models to pool the studies-specific risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD). Results This meta-analysis included six prospective cohort studies with 420,890 subjects and 62 randomized feeding trials with 7184 participants. Among the cohort studies, the summary RR for every 1-serving/week increase in nut intake was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to 0.99; n = 3) for Mets, 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98; n = 2) for overweight/obesity, and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.02; n = 2) for obesity. Pooling of randomized trials indicated that nut consumption was related to a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: - 0.22 Kg, 95% CI: -0.40 to - 0.04), body mass index (WMD: - 0.16 Kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.31 to - 0.01), and waist circumference (WMD: - 0.51 cm, 95% CI: -0.95 to - 0.07). These findings remained stable in the sensitivity analysis, and no publication bias was detected. Conclusion Nut consumption may be beneficial in the prevention of Mets and overweight/obesity. Additional prospective studies are needed to enhance these findings and to explore the metabolic benefits for specific subclasses of nut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Yalei Jin
- Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Jinping Lu
- Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
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Wang LL, Wang Q, Hong Y, Ojo O, Jiang Q, Hou YY, Huang YH, Wang XH. The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060661. [PMID: 29882884 PMCID: PMC6024764 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In China, a low-fat diet (LFD) is mainly recommended to help improve blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) has been shown to be effective in improving blood glucose levels in America and England. A few studies, primarily randomized controlled trials, have been reported in China as well. Method: Firstly, we designed two ‘six-point formula’ methods, which met the requirements of LCD and LFD, respectively. Fifty-six T2DM patients were recruited and randomly allocated to the LCD group (n = 28) and the LFD group (n = 28). The LCD group received education about LCD’s six-point formula, while the LFD group received education about LFD’s six-point formula. The follow-up time was three months. The indicators for glycemic control and other metabolic parameters were collected and compared between the two groups. Results: Forty-nine patients completed the study. The proportions of calories from three macronutrients the patients consumed met the requirements of LCD and LFD. Compared to the LFD group, there was a greater decrease in HbA1c level in the LCD group (−0.63% vs. −0.31%, p < 0.05). The dosages of insulin and fasting blood glucoses (FBG) in the third month were lower than those at baseline in both groups. Compared with baseline values, body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol (TC) in the LCD group were significantly reduced in the third month (p < 0.05); however, there were no statistically significant differences in the LFD group. Conclusions: LCD can improve blood glucose more than LFD in Chinese patients with T2DM. It can also regulate blood lipid, reduce BMI, and decrease insulin dose in patients with T2DM. In addition, the six-point formula is feasible, easily operable, and a practical educational diet for Chinese patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yong Hong
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Omorogieva Ojo
- Department of Adult Nursing and Paramedic Science, University of Greenwich, London SE9 2UG, UK.
| | - Qing Jiang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yun-Ying Hou
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yu-Hua Huang
- Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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Yin Y, Liu X, Liu J, Cai E, Zhu H, Li H, Zhang L, Li P, Zhao Y. Beta-sitosterol and its derivatives repress lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute hepatic injury by inhibiting the oxidation and inflammation in mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1525-1533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Millena CG, Sagum RS. Physicochemical Characterization and Fatty Acid Profiling of Different Philippine Pili Nut (
Canarium ovatum
, Engl.) Varieties. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristopher G. Millena
- The Graduate SchoolUniversity of Santo Tomas, España Building Manila 1015 Philippines
- Department of Science and Technology Regional Office No. V Rawis, Legazpi City 4500 Philippines
| | - Rosario S. Sagum
- The Graduate SchoolUniversity of Santo Tomas, España Building Manila 1015 Philippines
- DOST ‐ Food and Nutrition Research Institute Taguig City Metro Manila 1631 Philippines
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Yin Y, Liu X, Liu J, Cai E, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang L, Li P, Gao Y. The effect of beta-sitosterol and its derivatives on depression by the modification of 5-HT, DA and GABA-ergic systems in mice. RSC Adv 2018; 8:671-680. [PMID: 35538977 PMCID: PMC9076981 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-sitosterol belongs to the group of phytosterols, which are active trace components existing in natural plants, known as the "key of life", and have a steroid nucleus structure similar to cholesterol. Due to the insolubility issue of beta-sitosterol, most pharmacological studies and clinical applications are limited. Therefore, the modification of beta-sitosterol into its derivatives to enhance its pharmacologic activity is viable. In this study, 4 kinds of new beta-sitosterol derivative were obtained by an esterification reaction with beta-sitosterol, organic acids, EDCI and DMAP in dichloromethane. The chemical structures were defined by IR and NMR. Beta-sitosterol and its derivatives were used to carry out antidepressant research in the tail suspension test (TST) and the forced swimming test (FST) in mice. Additionally, the roles of different parts of the central nervous system (CNS) in the antidepressant-like effect of Sit-S, which is one of the beta-sitosterol derivatives, were also investigated. The results showed that the derivatives exhibited a stronger antidepressant activity than beta-sitosterol. Among the derivatives, administration of Sit-S (4 mg kg-1) gave the lowest immobility time in the TST, demonstrating that Sit-S exhibited the strongest antidepressant-like activity. The study into the roles of different parts of the CNS in the antidepressant-like effect of Sit-S showed that agomelatine (40 mg kg-1), haloperidol (0.2 mg kg-1) and bicuculline (4 mg kg-1) reversed the antidepressant effect of Sit-S (4 mg kg-1). This study confirmed the conclusions that beta-sitosterol derivatives broaden the pharmacological effects of beta-sitosterol, Sit-S (4 mg kg-1) exhibits antidepressant-like effects, and this antidepressant-like effect on male adult mice is mediated by the 5-HT, DA and GABA-ergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Yin
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinChina+86 431 84533358+86 431 84533358
| | | | | | - Enbo Cai
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinChina+86 431 84533358+86 431 84533358
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinChina+86 431 84533358+86 431 84533358
| | | | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinChina+86 431 84533358+86 431 84533358
| | | | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinChina+86 431 84533358+86 431 84533358
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Mohan V, Gayathri R, Jaacks LM, Lakshmipriya N, Anjana RM, Spiegelman D, Jeevan RG, Balasubramaniam KK, Shobana S, Jayanthan M, Gopinath V, Divya S, Kavitha V, Vijayalakshmi P, Bai R MR, Unnikrishnan R, Sudha V, Krishnaswamy K, Salas-Salvadó J, Willett WC. Cashew Nut Consumption Increases HDL Cholesterol and Reduces Systolic Blood Pressure in Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2018; 148:63-69. [PMID: 29378038 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence that nut consumption decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, there are few data on the health effects of cashew nuts among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Objective The study aimed to investigate the effects of cashew nut supplementation on glycemia, body weight, blood pressure, and lipid profile in Asian Indians with T2DM. Methods In a parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial, 300 adults with T2DM [mean ± SD age: 51 ± 9.3 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2): 26.0 ± 3.4; 55% male] were randomly assigned to receive advice to follow a standard diabetic diet (control) or similar advice plus 30 g cashew nuts/d (intervention) for 12 wk. The macronutrient composition of the prescribed diabetic diet was 60-65% energy from carbohydrates, 15-25% from fat, and the rest from protein. Differences between groups in changes in anthropometric and biochemical variables were analyzed using linear models with robust variance estimation under an assumed independence working correlation. Results Participants in the intervention group had a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure from baseline to 12 wk than did controls (-4.9 ± 13.7 compared with -1.7 ± 11.6 mm Hg; P = 0.04) and a greater increase in plasma HDL cholesterol compared with controls (+1.7 ± 5.6 compared with +0.1 ± 4.6 mg/dL; P = 0.01). There were no differences between the groups with respect to changes in body weight, BMI, blood lipid, and glycemic variables. Plasma oleic acid concentrations and self-reported dietary intake of nuts, oleic acid, and monounsaturated fatty acids suggested excellent compliance with the nut consumption. Conclusion Cashew nut supplementation in Asian Indians with T2DM reduced systolic blood pressure and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations with no deleterious effects on body weight, glycemia, or other lipid variables. This study was registered at the clinical trial registry of India as CTRI/2017/07/009022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Mohan
- Departments of Diabetology and Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Gayathri
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lindsay M Jaacks
- Departments of Global Health and Population, Nutrition, and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Departments of Diabetology and Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Departments of Global Health and Population, Nutrition, and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Departments of Nutrition, and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Raman Ganesh Jeevan
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandappa K Balasubramaniam
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Shobana
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathialagan Jayanthan
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanathan Gopinath
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvakumar Divya
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasudevan Kavitha
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parthasarathy Vijayalakshmi
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mookambika Ramya Bai R
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjit Unnikrishnan
- Departments of Diabetology and Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kamala Krishnaswamy
- Departments of Foods, Nutrition & Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain, and CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Walter C Willett
- Departments of Nutrition, and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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35
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Terzo S, Baldassano S, Caldara GF, Ferrantelli V, Lo Dico G, Mulè F, Amato A. Health benefits of pistachios consumption. Nat Prod Res 2017; 33:715-726. [PMID: 29241364 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1408093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of nuts, mainly in relation to the improvement of dysmetabolic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular diseases, have been widely demonstrated. Compared to other nuts, pistachios have a lower fat and caloric content, and contain the highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids, potassium, γ-tocopherol, phytosterols and xanthophyll carotenoids, all substances that are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This variety of nutrients contributes to the growing body of evidence that the consumption of pistachios improves health, leading to a greater potential of healthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, glycemic control, and endothelial function. The present review examines the nutrients and phytochemicals present in pistachios as well as the potential health benefits of including pistachios in a diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Terzo
- a Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Sara Baldassano
- a Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Gaetano Felice Caldara
- a Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- b Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" , Palermo , Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lo Dico
- b Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" , Palermo , Italy
| | - Flavia Mulè
- a Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonella Amato
- a Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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36
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Costa J, Silva I, Vicente AA, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. Pistachio nut allergy: An updated overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:546-562. [PMID: 28925724 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1379947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pistachio nut (Pistacia vera) is highly appreciated for its organoleptic characteristics and potential health benefits. However, this tree nut is also responsible for triggering moderate to severe IgE-mediated reactions in allergic individuals. Currently, pistachio nut allergy has gained some special attention, mainly due to its intrinsic relation with cashew nut allergy. Like for other nuts, the prevalence of pistachio nut allergy seems to be increasing at a global scale. Until now, there are five allergenic proteins officially listed for pistachio nut (Pis v 1, Pis v 2, Pis v 3, Pis v 4 and Pis v 5). Relevant data on their biochemical classification has become available, enabling establishing a correlation with the respective clinical symptoms. The establishment of an effective allergen risk assessment is a key issue for the food industry, policy makers and regulatory agencies. Thus, the availability of fast, specific and sensitive methods to detect trace amounts of allergens in processed foods is crucial. In the specific case of pistachio nut, there are some protein- and DNA-based methods for its detection/quantification in foods, which can aid to verify label information. Accordingly, all relevant research advances on this topic were summarised, updated and critically discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Costa
- a REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto , Portugal
| | - Isa Silva
- a REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto , Portugal
| | - António A Vicente
- b CEB, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar , Braga , Portugal
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- a REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto , Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- a REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto , Portugal
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37
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Ghosh A, Gao L, Thakur A, Siu PM, Lai CWK. Role of free fatty acids in endothelial dysfunction. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:50. [PMID: 28750629 PMCID: PMC5530532 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma free fatty acids levels are increased in subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes, playing detrimental roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence showing that dysfunction of the vascular endothelium, the inner lining of the blood vessels, is the key player in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the roles and the underlying mechanisms using the evidence collected from clinical and experimental studies about free fatty acid-mediated endothelial dysfunction. Because of the multifaceted roles of plasma free fatty acids in mediating endothelial dysfunction, elevated free fatty acid level is now considered as an important link in the onset of endothelial dysfunction due to metabolic syndromes such as diabetes and obesity. Free fatty acid-mediated endothelial dysfunction involves several mechanisms including impaired insulin signaling and nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, inflammation and the activation of the renin-angiotensin system and apoptosis in the endothelial cells. Therefore, targeting the signaling pathways involved in free fatty acid-induced endothelial dysfunction could serve as a preventive approach to protect against the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction and the subsequent complications such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Ghosh
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Parco M. Siu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
| | - Christopher W. K. Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
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38
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Calcabrini C, De Bellis R, Mancini U, Cucchiarini L, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Protective Effect of Juglans regia L. Walnut Extract Against Oxidative DNA Damage. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 72:192-197. [PMID: 28401378 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are relevant components of the Mediterranean diet providing important macronutrients, micronutrients and other bioactive constituents including unsaturated fatty acids, proteins, fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytosterols and polyphenols. Although the walnut beneficial effects in human health are widely recognized by a lot of epidemiologic studies very little is known regarding its effect on damaged DNA. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Juglans regia L. ethanolic extract from kernel on the induction of DNA strand breaks by thiol/Fe3+/O2 mixed function oxidase, tert-butyl hydroperoxide or UVC radiations in acellular and cellular models. Plasmid DNA cleavage and fast Halo assay were used to monitor oxidative damage to DNA. Both approaches showed protection of oxidatively injured DNA. These results agree with a lot of scientific proofs which recommend walnut as dietary adjunct in health promotion and prevention as well as in treatment of lifestyle-related oxidative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, I 47921, Rimini, RN, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy.
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39
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Baselga-Escudero L, Souza-Mello V, Pascual-Serrano A, Rachid T, Voci A, Demori I, Grasselli E. Beneficial effects of the Mediterranean spices and aromas on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Kluczkovski
- Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences; Av. Gen. Rodrigo Otávio, 6200 Manaus 69067005 Brazil
| | - Natacha Lima
- Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences; Av. Gen. Rodrigo Otávio, 6200 Manaus 69067005 Brazil
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41
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Transforming insect biomass into consumer wellness foods: A review. Food Res Int 2016; 89:129-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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42
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Nuts and their co-products: The impact of processing (roasting) on phenolics, bioavailability, and health benefits – A comprehensive review. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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43
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Shao C, Tang H, Zhao W, He J. Nut intake and stroke risk: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30394. [PMID: 27469072 PMCID: PMC4965766 DOI: 10.1038/srep30394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to quantify the effects of nut intake on risk of stroke by a dose-response meta-analysis with a random-effects model. Two databases (PubMed and Emabse) were searched for prospective cohort studies regarding nut intake and stroke risk. Studies were included if they fulfilled the predefined criteria. Eleven articles encompassing fourteen cohort studies were included in final analysis. The pooled relative risk (RR) of stroke for the highest versus (vs.) lowest category of nut intake was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80-0.97). The power to detect a RR of 0.88 for the highest versus vs. lowest category of nut intake was 86.2%. In multiple subset analyses by gender, location, and stroke subtype, the inverse association was only found in women (RR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.73–0.96) and Asia (RR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.67–0.93). In the dose-response meta-analysis, evidence for a nonlinear association between nut intake and stroke risk was observed and a RR of 0.86 was conferred for 12 g/day. Based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system, the quality of evidence was moderate. In conclusions, finding from current meta-analysis of fourteen cohort studies indicates that nut intake may be related to decreased risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital (The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital (The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital (The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianquan He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital (The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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44
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Downer MK, Gea A, Stampfer M, Sánchez-Tainta A, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, Ros E, Estruch R, Fitó M, Gómez-Gracia E, Arós F, Fiol M, De-la-Corte FJG, Serra-Majem L, Pinto X, Basora J, Sorlí JV, Vinyoles E, Zazpe I, Martínez-González MÁ. Predictors of short- and long-term adherence with a Mediterranean-type diet intervention: the PREDIMED randomized trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:67. [PMID: 27297426 PMCID: PMC4907003 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary intervention success requires strong participant adherence, but very few studies have examined factors related to both short-term and long-term adherence. A better understanding of predictors of adherence is necessary to improve the design and execution of dietary intervention trials. This study was designed to identify participant characteristics at baseline and study features that predict short-term and long-term adherence with interventions promoting the Mediterranean-type diet (MedDiet) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) randomized trial. Methods Analyses included men and women living in Spain aged 55–80 at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants were randomized to the MedDiet supplemented with either complementary extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) or tree nuts. The control group and participants with insufficient information on adherence were excluded. PREDIMED began in 2003 and ended in 2010. Investigators assessed covariates at baseline and dietary information was updated yearly throughout follow-up. Adherence was measured with a validated 14-point Mediterranean-type diet adherence score. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between baseline characteristics and adherence at one and four years of follow-up. Results Participants were randomized to the MedDiet supplemented with EVOO (n = 2,543; 1,962 after exclusions) or tree nuts (n = 2,454; 2,236 after exclusions). A higher number of cardiovascular risk factors, larger waist circumference, lower physical activity levels, lower total energy intake, poorer baseline adherence to the 14-point adherence score, and allocation to MedDiet + EVOO each independently predicted poorer adherence. Participants from PREDIMED recruiting centers with a higher total workload (measured as total number of persons-years of follow-up) achieved better adherence. No adverse events or side effects were reported. Conclusions To maximize dietary adherence in dietary interventions, additional efforts to promote adherence should be used for participants with lower baseline adherence to the intended diet and poorer health status. The design of multicenter nutrition trials should prioritize few large centers with more participants in each, rather than many small centers. Trial registration This study was registered at controlled-trials.com (http://www.controlled-trials. com/ISRCTN35739639). International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 35739639. Registration date: 5 October 2005. Trial design: parallel randomized trial. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0394-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kathryn Downer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, 181 Longwood Avenue, Room 345, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, No. 1. Research Building, 2nd floor, Local 2520, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute por Health Research, 31008, Barcelona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, 181 Longwood Avenue, Room 345, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ana Sánchez-Tainta
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, No. 1. Research Building, 2nd floor, Local 2520, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute por Health Research, 31008, Barcelona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, AVDA,Vicente Blasco Ibanez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, Carrer Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Araba, C/Jose Atxotegi, s/n, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Palma Institute of Health Research (IdISPa), University of Balearic Islands and Hospital Son Espases, Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Jose Garcia De-la-Corte
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atencion Primaria Sevilla, Avda. de Jerez s/n, 41007, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Juan De Quesada 30, 35001, Las Palmas, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Pinto
- Head of Lipid and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL. Universidad de Barcelona, C/Freixa Larga s/n, 08907 - Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç, 21 Planta baja del edificio 4 de la Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - José V Sorlí
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, AVDA,Vicente Blasco Ibanez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernest Vinyoles
- Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 587, àtic, 08007, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Zazpe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, No. 1. Research Building, 2nd floor, Local 2520, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute por Health Research, 31008, Barcelona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Miguel-Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, No. 1. Research Building, 2nd floor, Local 2520, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute por Health Research, 31008, Barcelona, Navarra, Spain.
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Gomes S, Torres AG. Optimized extraction of polyphenolic antioxidant compounds from Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) cake and evaluation of the polyphenol profile by HPLC. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:2805-2814. [PMID: 26353901 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The solid residue (cake) of pressed Brazil nut oil has high energy value and contains high levels of nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. However, little is known about these components in this by-product. Extraction is the first step in investigating the phenolic compounds in Brazil nut cake because extraction conditions might impact the yields of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to select the best phenolic compound extraction conditions for Brazil nut cake by using factorial experimental design and to characterize the phenolic compounds in the extract. RESULTS The optimal extraction of antioxidant phenolic compounds from Brazil nut cake was achieved under the following conditions: ethanol-water (40:60; v/v); 2.5 min homogenization; and 1 h extraction at 60 °C. The phenolic compound profile of the Brazil nut cake extract using the optimized extraction was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Six phenolic acids (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid and sinapic acid) and one flavonoid ((+)-catechin) were identified, and the contents of the phenolic compounds varied from 70.0 to 421 mg kg(-1) . CONCLUSION Knowledge of the potential bioactivity of Brazil nut cake identified in the present study might promote its use in the food industry. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre G Torres
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Brazil
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Abstract
Human beings have known about pistachio nuts since 6000 bc. Since then, pistachios have been systematically incorporated into the diet of various cultures. They are nutrient-dense nuts with a healthy nutritional profile that contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant compounds.
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Abazarfard Z, Eslamian G, Salehi M, Keshavarzi S. A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of an Almond-enriched, Hypocaloric Diet on Liver Function Tests in Overweight/Obese Women. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e23628. [PMID: 27231581 PMCID: PMC4879762 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gradual weight reduction has been shown to be associated with improvements in liver enzymes. However, some evidence demonstrated that liver enzymes may transiently increase immediately after a diet-induced weight loss. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effects of a hypocaloric, almond-enriched diet (AED) compared with a hypocaloric nut-free diet (NFD) on liver function tests in the context of a three-month weight reduction program in overweight/obese women. Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with ID number of IRCT2013062313751N1. Overweight and obese Iranian women [n = 108; age = 42.7 y, body mass index = 29.6 kg/m2] were randomly assigned to consume an AED or NFD. The carefully planned hypocaloric diets were identical for both groups except for the AED group who consumed 50 grams of almonds daily for three months. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory measurements including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were assessed before and immediately after the intervention. Results: Of 108 participants, 50 women in AED group and 50 women in NFD group completed the protocol of the study (response rate: 92.6 %). The AED led to a median weight loss of 3.79 kg (interquartile range: 4.4 kg). Significant decreases within AED and NFD were observed in ALT (-16.6 ± 16.3 and -11.7 ± 16.8, P < 0.001, respectively). Similar significant decreases were observed in AST (-13.6 ± 15.7 and -7.7 ± 16.1; P < 0.001, respectively). The decrease in GGT was also significant in both groups (-11.4 ± 21.6 and -6.2 ± 19.8; P < 0.001 respectively). ALT, AST and GGT decreased significantly in the AED group compared to the NFD group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: AED improved liver enzymes in obese women. However, mild, transient increases in ALT and AST values can be observed immediately after an NFD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Abazarfard
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Eslamian
- Students’ Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mousa Salehi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mousa Salehi, Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9177108393, Fax: +98-7117251008, E-mail:
| | - Sareh Keshavarzi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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48
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Determination of tocopherols and sitosterols in seeds and nuts by QuEChERS-liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2016; 192:825-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bahaeddin Z, Yans A, Khodagholi F, Hajimehdipoor H, Sahranavard S. Hazelnut and neuroprotection: Improved memory and hindered anxiety in response to intra-hippocampal Aβ injection. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:317-326. [PMID: 26808646 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1126954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Corylus avellana L. (hazelnut) is known to be a delicious and nutritious food. This study was carried out to evaluate the use of hazelnut as a therapy for memory impairment because in Iranian traditional medicine, it is recommended for those suffering from a particular type of dementia, with symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS In this study, rats were fed with hazelnut kernel [(without skin) 800 mg/kg/day] during 1 week before stereotaxic surgery to 24 hours before behavioral testing (in general, for 16 consecutive days) and the effect of hazelnut eating on memory, anxiety, neuroinflammation and apoptosis was assessed in the amyloid beta-injected rat. RESULTS The results of this study showed that feeding with hazelnut improved memory, (which was examined by using Y-maze test and shuttle box apparatus), and reduced anxiety-related behavior, that was evaluated using elevated plus maze. Also, western blotting analysis of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein, and caspase-3 showed that hazelnut has an ameliorating effect on the neuroinflammation and apoptosis caused by Aβ. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that hazelnut, as a dietary supplement, improves healthy aging and could be a beneficial diet for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahaeddin
- a Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy , School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Asal Yans
- b Neuroscience Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- b Neuroscience Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,c NeuroBiology Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Homa Hajimehdipoor
- a Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy , School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Shamim Sahranavard
- a Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy , School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Wu L, Wang Z, Zhu J, Murad AL, Prokop LJ, Murad MH. Nut consumption and risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2016; 73:409-25. [PMID: 26081452 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The identification of foods that can decrease the risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes may be helpful in reducing the burden of these diseases. Although nut consumption has been suggested to have a disease-preventive role, current evidence remains inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify the association between nut consumption and risk of cancer or type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES Six databases were searched for relevant studies from the time of database inception to August 2014. Reference lists of relevant review articles were hand searched, and authors were contacted when data were insufficient. STUDY SELECTION Eligible studies included epidemiological studies (case-control and cohort) or clinical trials that reported an association between nut consumption and the outcome of type 2 diabetes or specific cancers. DATA EXTRACTION Two investigators independently extracted descriptive, quality, and risk data from included studies. DATA SYNTHESIS Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool relative risks from the included studies. The I(2) statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. A total of 36 eligible observational studies, which included 30,708 patients, were identified. The studies had fair methodological quality, and length of follow-up ranged between 4.6 years and 30 years. Comparison of the highest category of nut consumption with the lowest category revealed significant associations between nut consumption and decreased risk of colorectal cancer (3 studies each with separate estimates for males and females, RR 0.76, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.61-0.96), endometrial cancer (2 studies, RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.43-0.79), and pancreatic cancer (1 study, RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.48-0.96). No significant association was found with other cancers or type 2 diabetes. Overall, nut consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of cancer incidence (RR 0.85, 95%CI 0.76-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Nut consumption may play a role in reducing cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to more accurately assess the relationship between nut consumption and the prevention of individual types of cancer, given the scarcity of available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Angela L Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Larry J Prokop
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohammad H Murad
- L. Wu is with the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang is with the Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Z. Wang and M.H. Murad are with the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. J. Zhu is with the Program of Quantitative Methods in Education, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. A.L. Murad is with the Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. L.J. Prokop is with the Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. M.H. Murad is with the Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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