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Li S, Ye X, Wen X, Yang X, Wang L, Gao K, Xiao H, Jiang Z. Arginine and its metabolites stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and physiological function of porcine trophoblast cells through β-catenin and mTOR pathways. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:167. [PMID: 38689278 PMCID: PMC11062007 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginine, which is metabolized into ornithine, proline, and nitric oxide, plays an important role in embryonic development. The present study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanism of arginine in proliferation, differentiation, and physiological function of porcine trophoblast cells (pTr2) through metabolic pathways. The results showed that arginine significantly increased cell viability (P < 0.05). The addition of arginine had a quadratic tendency to increase the content of progesterone (P = 0.06) and protein synthesis rate (P = 0.03), in which the maximum protein synthesis rate was observed at 0.4 mM arginine. Arginine quadratically increased (P < 0.05) the intracellular contents of spermine, spermidine and putrescine, as well as linearly increased (P < 0.05) the intracellular content of NO in a dose-dependent manner. Arginine showed a quadratic tendency to increase the content of putrescine (P = 0.07) and a linear tendency to increase NO content (P = 0.09) in cell supernatant. Moreover, increasing arginine activated (P < 0.05) the mRNA expressions for ARG, ODC, iNOS and PCNA. Furthermore, inhibitors of arginine metabolism (L-NMMA and DFMO) both inhibited cell proliferation, while addition of its metabolites (NO and putrescine) promoted the cell proliferation and cell cycle, the mRNA expressions of PCNA, EGF and IGF-1, and increased (P < 0.05) cellular protein synthesis rate, as well as estradiol and hCG secretion (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that arginine could promote cell proliferation and physiological function by regulating the metabolic pathway. Further studies showed that arginine and its metabolites modulate cell function mainly through β-catenin and mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiangyang Ye
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaolu Wen
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kaiguo Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Hao Xiao
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Awad S, Skipper W, Vostrejs W, Ozorowski K, Min K, Pfuhler L, Mehta D, Cooke A. The YBX3 RNA-binding protein posttranscriptionally controls SLC1A5 mRNA in proliferating and differentiating skeletal muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105602. [PMID: 38159852 PMCID: PMC10837625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In humans, skeletal muscles comprise nearly 40% of total body mass, which is maintained throughout adulthood by a balance of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. Cellular amino acid (AA) levels are critical for these processes, and mammalian cells contain transporter proteins that import AAs to maintain homeostasis. Until recently, the control of transporter regulation has largely been studied at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. However, here, we report that the RNA-binding protein YBX3 is critical to sustain intracellular AAs in mouse skeletal muscle cells, which aligns with our recent findings in human cells. We find that YBX3 directly binds the solute carrier (SLC)1A5 AA transporter messenger (m)RNA to posttranscriptionally control SLC1A5 expression during skeletal muscle cell differentiation. YBX3 regulation of SLC1A5 requires the 3' UTR. Additionally, intracellular AAs transported by SLC1A5, either directly or indirectly through coupling to other transporters, are specifically reduced when YBX3 is depleted. Further, we find that reduction of the YBX3 protein reduces proliferation and impairs differentiation in skeletal muscle cells, and that YBX3 and SLC1A5 protein expression increase substantially during skeletal muscle differentiation, independently of their respective mRNA levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that YBX3 regulates AA transport in skeletal muscle cells, and that its expression is critical to maintain skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silina Awad
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Skipper
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Vostrejs
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kristen Min
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Liva Pfuhler
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darshan Mehta
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy Cooke
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA.
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3
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You Z, Wang J, Li F, Hei W, Li M, Guo X, Gao P, Cao G, Cai C, Li B. Uncoupling Protein 3 Promotes the Myogenic Differentiation of Type IIb Myotubes in C2C12 Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2049. [PMID: 38002992 PMCID: PMC10671304 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 3 (Ucp3) is an important transporter within mitochondria and is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue and the myocardium. However, the effects of Ucp3 on myogenic differentiation are still unclear. This study evaluated the effects of Ucp3 on myogenic differentiation, myofiber type and energy metabolism in C2C12 cells. Gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that Ucp3 could increase the number of myotubes and promote the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Furthermore, Ucp3 promoted the expression of the type IIb myofiber marker gene myosin heavy chain 4 (Myh4) and decreased the expression of the type I myofiber marker gene myosin heavy chain 7 (Myh7). In addition, energy metabolism related to the expression of PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (Pgc1-α), ATP synthase, H+ transportation, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1 (Atp5a1), lactate dehydrogenase A (Ldha) and lactate dehydrogenase B (Ldhb) increased with Ucp3 overexpression. Ucp3 could promote the myogenic differentiation of type IIb myotubes and accelerate energy metabolism in C2C12 cells. This study can provide the theoretical basis for understanding the role of Ucp3 in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei You
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Jieyu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Faliang Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Wei Hei
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Meng Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Chunbo Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bugao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian Nanlu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (F.L.); (W.H.); (M.L.); (X.G.); (P.G.); (G.C.)
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Kwon HC, Jung HS, Kim DH, Han JH, Han SG, Keum DH, Hong SJ, Han SG. Optimizing hormonal and amino acid combinations for enhanced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1757-1768. [PMID: 37641829 PMCID: PMC10623035 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The number of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) is closely associated with the quantity of milk production in dairy cows; however, the optimal levels and the combined effects of hormones and essential amino acids (EAAs) on cell proliferation are not completely understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal combination of individual hormones and EAAs for cell proliferation and related signaling pathways in BMECs. METHODS Immortalized BMECs (MAC-T) were treated with six hormones (insulin, cortisol, progesterone, estrone, 17β-estradiol, and epidermal growth factor) and ten EAAs (arginine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, and valine) for 24 h. RESULTS Cells were cultured in a medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) as FBS supplemented at a concentration of 10% to 50% showed a comparable increase in cell proliferation rate. The optimized combination of four hormones (insulin, cortisol, progesterone, and 17β-estradiol) and 20% of a mixture of ten EAAs led to the highest cell proliferation rate, which led to a significant increase in cell cycle progression at the S and G2/M phases, in the protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin B1, cell nucleus staining, and in cell numbers. CONCLUSION The optimal combination of hormones and EAAs increased BMEC proliferation by enhancing cell cycle progression in the S and G/2M phases. Our findings indicate that optimizing hormone and amino acid levels has the potential to enhance milk production, both in cell culture settings by promoting increased cell numbers, and in dairy cows by regulating feed intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Cheol Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Hyun Su Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Jong Hyeon Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Seo Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Keum
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Seong Joon Hong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
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Mohd Sahardi NFN, Jaafar F, Tan JK, Mad Nordin MF, Makpol S. Elucidating the Pharmacological Properties of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) on Muscle Ageing by Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling of Human Myoblasts. Nutrients 2023; 15:4520. [PMID: 37960173 PMCID: PMC10648528 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Muscle loss is associated with frailty and a reduction in physical strength and performance, which is caused by increased oxidative stress. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a potential herb that can be used to reduce the level of oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the effect of ginger on the expression of metabolites and their metabolic pathways in the myoblast cells to elucidate the mechanism involved and its pharmacological properties in promoting myoblast differentiation. (2) Methods: The myoblast cells were cultured into three stages (young, pre-senescent and senescent). At each stage, the myoblasts were treated with different concentrations of ginger extract. Then, metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). (3) Results: Nine metabolites were decreased in both the pre-senescent and senescent control groups as compared to the young control group. For the young ginger-treated group, 8-shogaol and valine were upregulated, whereas adipic acid and bis (4-ethyl benzylidene) sorbitol were decreased. In the pre-senescent ginger-treated group, the niacinamide was upregulated, while carnitine and creatine were downregulated. Ginger treatment in the senescent group caused a significant upregulation in 8-shogaol, octadecanamide and uracil. (4) Conclusions: Ginger extract has the potential as a pharmacological agent to reduce muscle loss in skeletal muscle by triggering changes in some metabolites and their pathways that could promote muscle regeneration in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fatin Nabilah Mohd Sahardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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6
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Li H, Chen X, Zuo Z, Wang J, Guo Y. Identification and Characterization of Peptides from Bovine Collagen Hydrolysates that Promote Myogenic Cell Proliferation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4876-4889. [PMID: 36917229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bovine collagen hydrolysate was purified via a series of chromatograms, and the peptides with the highest activity for promoting myoblast proliferation were identified by LC-MS-MS. It was demonstrated that the peptide GDAGPPGPAGPAGPPGPIG (hydroxylation) could promote C2C12 proliferation (+18.5% ± 0.04, P < 0.05). The certain peptide was capable of regulating the myogenic cell cycle and inhibiting myogenic cell apoptosis. By combining molecular docking, quantitative real-time PCR, and metabonomics, we suggested that the peptide GDAGPPGPAGPAGPPGPIG (hydroxylation) might bind to FGFR1 and affect the expression of genes downstream of FGFR1 and influence protein synthesis to promote myoblast proliferation. The above results showed that the peptides isolated in this study have the potential to alleviate sarcopenia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhijie Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanchuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
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Dong Y, Zhang X, Miao R, Cao W, Wei H, Jiang W, Gao R, Yang Y, Sun H, Qiu J. Branched-chain amino acids promotes the repair of exercise-induced muscle damage via enhancing macrophage polarization. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1037090. [PMID: 36561213 PMCID: PMC9763461 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1037090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is closely related with inflammation. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), as a nutritional supplement, promote EIMD repair; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In vivo, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to Armstrong's eccentric exercise (a 120-min downhill run with a slope of -16° and a speed of 16 m min-1) to induce EIMD and BCAA supplement was administered by oral gavage. Protein expression of macrophages (CD68 and CD163) and myogenic regulatory factors (MYOD and MYOG) in gastrocnemius was analyzed. Inflammatory cytokines and creatine kinase (CK) levels in serum was also measured. In vitro, peritoneal macrophages from mice were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL-4 with or without BCAAs in culture medium. For co-culture experiment, C2C12 cells were cultured with the conditioned medium from macrophages prestimulated with LPS or IL-4 in the presence or absence of BCAAs. The current study indicated BCAA supplementation enhanced the M1/M2 polarization of macrophages in skeletal muscle during EIMD repair, and BCAAs promoted M1 polarization through enhancing mTORC1-HIF1α-glycolysis pathway, and promoted M2 polarization independently of mTORC1. In addition, BCAA-promoted M1 macrophages further stimulated the proliferation of muscle satellite cells, whereas BCAA-promoted M2 macrophages stimulated their differentiation. Together, these results show macrophages mediate the BCAAs' beneficial impacts on EIMD repair via stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cells, shedding light on the critical role of inflammation in EIMD repair and the potential nutritional strategies to ameliorate muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Dong
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China,Institute of Physical Education, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Miao
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruirui Gao
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haipeng Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Haipeng Sun, ; Junqiang Qiu,
| | - Junqiang Qiu
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China,Beijing Sports Nutrition Engineering Research Center, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Haipeng Sun, ; Junqiang Qiu,
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Tang W, Zhang W, Azad MAK, Ma C, Zhu Q, Kong X. Metabolome, microbiome, and gene expression alterations in the colon of newborn piglets with intrauterine growth restriction. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:989060. [PMID: 36187985 PMCID: PMC9518826 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.989060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborn animals with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are characterized by impaired intestinal structure and function; however, their intestinal microbiota and metabolome profiles have not been fully identified. The present study investigated the differences in colonic microbiota, metabolomics, and barrier function-related gene expression profiles between the IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets at 7, 21, and 28 days of age. Forty-eight piglets (24 NBW and 24 IUGR) from 24 litters were assigned to assess the differences in colonic microbiota, metabolomics, and gene expression between IUGR and NBW piglets. Compared with the NBW piglets, IUGR piglets showed decreased Shannon index and increased Simpson index at 7 days of age and Chao1 index at 21 days of age (p < 0.05). The IUGR piglets had lower abundances of Firmicutes, Subdoligranulum, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003 at 7 days of age, and Bacteroidetes, Phascolarctobacterium, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 at 21 days of age, when compared with the NBW piglets (p < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis showed significant changes in 147 metabolites mainly involved in organic acids and their derivatives in the colon. Six differential metabolic pathways were significantly enriched, including purine metabolism, amino sugar/nucleotide sugar metabolism, ubiquinone/other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and histidine metabolism. Spearman’s correlation analysis further demonstrated significant correlations between colonic microbiota and metabolites. In addition, colonic isobutyrate at 7 days of age, isovalerate and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at 21 days of age, and acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total SCFAs levels at 28 days of age were lower and isovalerate was higher at 28 days of age in the IUGR piglets than in the NBW piglets (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 at 7 days of age, ZO-1, occludin, and interleukin (IL)-4 at 21 days of age were down-regulated in the IUGR piglets, whereas tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) at 28 days of age were up-regulated, when compared with the NBW piglets (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that the IUGR pigs present abnormal microbiota and nutrient metabolism in the colon, which may further affect the intestine barrier function by regulating gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanghong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Md. Abul Kalam Azad
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangfeng Kong,
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Collao N, Akohene-Mensah P, Nallabelli J, Binet ER, Askarian A, Lloyd J, Niemiro GM, Beals JW, van Vliet S, Rajgara R, Saleh A, Wiper-Bergeron N, Paluska SA, Burd NA, De Lisio M. The Role of L-type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (Slc7a5) During In Vitro Myogenesis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C595-C605. [PMID: 35848618 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00162.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells are required for muscle regeneration, remodeling, and repair through their activation, proliferation, and differentiation; however, how dietary factors regulate this process remains poorly understood. The L-Type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) transports amino acids, such as leucine, into mature myofibers, which then stimulates protein synthesis and anabolic signaling. However, whether LAT1 is expressed on myoblasts and is involved in regulating myogenesis is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression and functional relevance of LAT1 during different stages of myogenesis and in response to growth and atrophic conditions in vitro. We determined that LAT1 is expressed by C2C12 and human primary myoblasts, and its gene expression is lower during differentiation (p<0.05). Pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown of LAT1 impaired myoblast viability, differentiation, and fusion (all p<0.05). LAT1 protein content in C2C12 myoblasts was not significantly altered in response to different leucine concentrations in cell culture media or in two in vitro atrophy models. However, LAT1 content was decreased in myotubes under atrophic conditions in vitro (p<0.05). These findings indicate that LAT1 is stable throughout myogenesis and in response to several in vitro conditions that induce muscle remodeling. Further, amino acid transport through LAT1 is required for normal myogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Collao
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Julian Nallabelli
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Emileigh R Binet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Askarian
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Lloyd
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Grace M Niemiro
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Joseph W Beals
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Stephan van Vliet
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Rashida Rajgara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Centre on Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aisha Saleh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Centre on Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nadine Wiper-Bergeron
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Centre on Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Scott A Paluska
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Michael De Lisio
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Centre on Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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The Effect of Dietary Leucine Supplementation on Antioxidant Capacity and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs under Heat Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071373. [PMID: 35883864 PMCID: PMC9312205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary leucine supplements on antioxidant capacity and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 24 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) pigs with an average initial weight of 68.33 ± 0.97 kg were randomly allotted to three treatment groups. All pigs were exposed to constant heat stress. Each group of pigs was fed a basal diet, or a diet supplemented with increasing levels of leucine (0.25% or 0.50%). The results showed that leucine intake could improve average daily gain and reduce feed/gain of finishing pigs under heat stress (p < 0.05). The supplementation of leucine could improve the carcass slant length (p = 0.09), and dramatically increased loin-eye area of the finishing pigs (p < 0.05) but had no significant effect on other carcass traits. Compared with the control group, 0.50% leucine markedly reduced drip loss and shear force of longissimus dorsi muscle, and increased pH value at 24 h after slaughter (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation of 0.25% leucine increased the contents of inosine monophosphate and intramuscular fat in biceps femoris muscle (p < 0.05). Supplementation of 0.25% or 0.50% leucine significantly stimulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes while reduced the level of MDA in serum, liver and longissimus dorsi muscle (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, 0.50% leucine supplementation markedly modulated the relative mRNA expression levels of genes related to muscle fiber type and mitochondrial function in longissimus dorsi muscle and the gene relative antioxidant in the liver (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary leucine supplementation could improve the growth performance and meat quality of the finishing pigs under heat stress, and the pathway of Keap1-NRF2 and PGC-1α-TFAM might be involved.
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11
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Kimura N, Kawahara T, Uemura Y, Atsumi T, Sumida T, Mimura T, Kawaguchi Y, Amano H, Iwasaki Y, Kaneko Y, Matsui T, Muro Y, Imura Y, Kanda T, Tanaka Y, Kawakami A, Jinnin M, Ishii T, Hiromura K, Miwa Y, Nakajima H, Kuwana M, Nishioka Y, Morinobu A, Kameda H, Kohsaka H. Branched chain amino acids in the treatment of polymyositis and dermatomyositis: a phase II/III, multi-center, randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4445-4454. [PMID: 35179548 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the treatment of PM/DM prior to official approval of their use in Japan. METHODS Treatment naïve adults with PM/DM were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind trial to receive either TK-98 (drug name of BCAAs) or placebo in addition to conventional treatment. After 12 weeks, patients with an average manual muscle test (MMT) score <9.5 were enrolled in an open label extension study for a further 12 weeks. The primary end point was the change of the MMT score at 12 weeks. The secondary end points were the clinical response and the change of functional index (FI). RESULTS Forty-seven patients were randomized either to the TK-98 (n = 24) or placebo (n = 23) groups. The changes of MMT scores at 12 weeks were 0.70±0.19 (mean±SEM) and 0.69±0.18, respectively (P = 0.98). Thirteen patients from the TK-98 group and 12 from the placebo group were enrolled in the extension study. The MMT scores in both groups improved similarly. The increase of the FI scores of the shoulder flexion at 12 weeks was significantly greater in the TK-98 group (27.9±5.67 vs. 12.8±5.67 for the right shoulder flexion, and 27.0±5.44 vs. 13.4±5.95 for the left shoulder [P < 0.05]). Frequencies of adverse events upto 12 weeks were similar. CONCLUSION BCAAs showed no effect on the improvement of the muscle strength evaluated by MMT and the clinical response. However, they were partly effective for improving dynamic repetitive muscle functions. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/, UMIN000016233.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kimura
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Lifetime Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawahara
- Clinical Research Promotion Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Uemura
- Clinical Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshihide Mimura
- Department of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Amano
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Iwasaki
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuko Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Matsui
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Muro
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Imura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Tazuke-Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanda
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ishii
- Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiju Hiromura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine,Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideto Kameda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kohsaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Rheumatology Center, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
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12
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Bensaid S, Fabre C, Pawlak-Chaouch M, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Oxygen supplementation to limit hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes: comparison with amino acid supplement and electrical stimulation. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 387:287-301. [PMID: 35001209 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, chronic oxygen depletion induces a disturbance leading to muscle atrophy. Mechanical stress (physical exercise) and nutritional supplement therapy are commonly used against loss of muscle mass and undernutrition in hypoxia, while oxygenation therapy is preferentially used to counteract muscle fatigue and exercise intolerance. However, the impact of oxygenation on skeletal muscle cells remains poorly understood, in particular on signalling pathways regulating protein balance. Thus, we investigated the effects of each separated treatment (mechanical stress, nutritional supplementation and oxygenation therapy) on intracellular pathways involved in protein synthesis and degradation that are imbalanced in skeletal muscle cells atrophy resulting from hypoxia. Myotubes under hypoxia were treated by electrical stimulation, amino acids supplement or oxygenation period. Signalling pathways involved in protein synthesis (PI3K-Akt-mTOR) and degradation (FoxO1 and FoxO3a) were investigated, so as autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome system and myotube morphology. Electrical stimulation and oxygenation treatment resulted in higher myotube diameter, myogenic fusion index and myotubes density until 48 h post-treatment compared to untreated hypoxic myotubes. Both treatments also induced inhibition of FoxO3a and decreased activity of ubiquitin-proteasome system; however, their impact on protein synthesis pathway was specific for each one. Indeed, electrical stimulation impacted upstream proteins to mTOR (i.e., Akt) while oxygenation treatment activated downstream targets of mTOR (i.e., 4E-BP1 and P70S6K). In contrast, amino acid supplementation had very few effects on myotube morphology nor on protein homeostasis. This study demonstrated that electrical stimulation or oxygenation period are two effective treatments to fight against hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy, acting through different molecular adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bensaid
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte D'Opale, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Claudine Fabre
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte D'Opale, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Mehdi Pawlak-Chaouch
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte D'Opale, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte D'Opale, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000, Lille, France.
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13
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Weber MG, Dias SS, de Angelis TR, Fernandes EV, Bernardes AG, Milanez VF, Jussiani EI, de Paula Ramos S. The use of BCAA to decrease delayed-onset muscle soreness after a single bout of exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1663-1678. [PMID: 34669012 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are used as a recovery method after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Although data suggest that BCAA may alleviate the delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) evoked by EIMD, there is no consensus about the most effective supplementation protocol. To investigate the effects of BCAA on DOMS after a single exercise session that caused EIMD, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the effectiveness of BCAA supplementation to reduce DOMS symptoms in healthy subjects after a single session of EIMD. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) were searched in Medline, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, SciELO, LILACS, SciVerse Scopus, Springer Link journals, Wiley Online Library, and Scholar Google, until May 2021. Ten RCTs were included in the systematic review and nine in the meta-analysis. Seven studies demonstrated that BCAA reduced DOMS after 24 to 72 h. BCAA doses of up to 255 mg/kg/day, or in trained subjects, for mild to moderate EIMD, could blunt DOMS symptoms. However, high variability between studies due to training status, different doses, time of treatment, and severity of EIMD do not allow us to conclude whether BCAA supplementation is efficient in untrained subjects, applied acutely or during a period of pre to post days of EIMD, and at higher doses (> 255 mg/kg/day). The overall effects of BCAA on DOMS after a single session of exercise were considered useful for improving muscle recovery by reducing DOMS in trained subjects, at low doses, in mild to moderate EIMD, and should not be administered only after the EIMD protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martim Gomes Weber
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Silas Seolin Dias
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Tarlyson Regioli de Angelis
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, Federal University of Jataí, Jataí, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gomes Bernardes
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Solange de Paula Ramos
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid PR 445 km380, Londrina, Paraná, CEP: 89067-900, Brazil.
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14
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Jiang Q, Yan M, Zhao Y, Zhou X, Yin L, Feng L, Liu Y, Jiang W, Wu P, Wang Y, Chen D, Yang S, Huang X, Jiang J. Dietary isoleucine improved flesh quality, muscle antioxidant capacity, and muscle growth associated with AKT/TOR/S6K1 and AKT/FOXO3a signaling in hybrid bagrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂). J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:53. [PMID: 33866964 PMCID: PMC8054373 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Muscle is the complex and heterogeneous tissue, which comprises the primary edible part of the trunk of fish and mammals. Previous studies have shown that dietary isoleucine (Ile) exerts beneficial effects on growth in aquatic animals. However, there were limited studies regarding the benefits of Ile on fish muscle and their effects on flesh quality and muscle growth. Thus, this study was conducted to explore whether dietary Ile had affected flesh quality and muscle growth in hybrid bagrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂). Methods A total of 630 hybrid fish, with an initial average body weight of 33.11 ± 0.09 g, were randomly allotted into seven experimental groups with three replicates each, and respectively fed seven diets with 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, and 20.0 g Ile/kg diets for 8 weeks. Results In the present study, we demonstrated that Ile significantly: (1) increased muscle protein and lipid contents and the frequency distribution of myofibers with ≤ 20 μm and ≥ 50 μm of diameter; (2) improved pH value, shear force, cathepsin B and L activities, hydroxyproline content, resilience, cohesiveness, and decreased cooking loss, lactate content, hardness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness; (3) decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) contents, GCLC and Keap1 mRNA levels, and up-regulated CuZnSOD, CAT, GPX1a, GST, and Nrf2 mRNA levels; (4) up-regulated the insulin-like growth factor 1, 2 (IGF-1, IGF-2), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Myf5, Myod, Myog, Mrf4, and MyHC mRNA levels, and decreased MSTN mRNA level; (5) increased muscle protein deposition by activating AKT-TOR-S6K1 and AKT-FOXO3a signaling pathways. Conclusion These results revealed that dietary Ile improved flesh quality, which might be due to increasing nutritional content, physicochemical, texture parameters, and antioxidant ability; promoting muscle growth by affecting myocytes hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and muscle protein deposition associated with protein synthesis and degradation signaling pathways. Finally, the quadratic regression analysis of chewiness, ROS, and protein contents against dietary Ile levels suggested that the optimal dietary Ile levels for hybrid bagrid catfish was estimated to be 14.19, 12.36, and 12.78 g/kg diet, corresponding to 36.59, 31.87, and 32.96 g/kg dietary protein, respectively. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00572-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
| | - Long Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Defang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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15
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Ma C, Gao Q, Zhang W, Zhu Q, Tang W, Blachier F, Ding H, Kong X. Supplementing Synbiotic in Sows' Diets Modifies Beneficially Blood Parameters and Colonic Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Activity in Suckling Piglets. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:575685. [PMID: 33330695 PMCID: PMC7734190 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.575685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrients in the maternal diet favor the growth and development of suckling piglets and alter their gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity, thus affecting the hosts. The present study analyzed, in suckling piglets from sows receiving antibiotic or synbiotic supplements from pregnancy to lactation, several biochemical parameters, oxidative/anti-oxidative indices, inflammatory cytokines, and ingestion-related factor levels in plasma, as well as colonic microbiota composition and metabolic activity, and mucosal expression of genes related to the intestinal barrier function. Compared with the control group, maternal synbiotic supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the plasma levels of glucose, AMM, TC, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), MDA, H2O2, ghrelin, CCK, PP, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, Ala, Cys, Tau, and β-AiBA, the levels of propionate and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colonic luminal content, and colonic abundances of RFN20, Anaerostipes, and Butyricimonas; while increased (P < 0.05) the plasma levels of urea nitrogen (UN), Ile, Leu, α-AAA, α-ABA, and 1-Mehis, as well as colonic abundances of Sphingomonas, Anaerovorax, Sharpea, and Butyricicoccus. Compared with the antibiotic group, maternal synbiotic supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the plasma levels of glucose, gastrin, and Ala, as well as abundances of Pasteurella and RFN20 and propionate level in the colonic content. Expression of genes coding for E-cadherin, Occludin, ZO-1, ZO-2, IL-10, and interferon-α were down-regulated in the colonic mucosa. The synbiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the plasma levels of UN, Leu, α-ABA, and 1-Mehis, the abundances of Anaerovorax, Sharpea, and Butyricicoccus and expression of genes coding for E-cadherin, Occludin, ZO-1, ZO-2, IL-10, and interferon-α. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between colonic Anaerostipes abundance and acetate and SCFAs levels; whereas a negative correlation between Fusobacteria and Fusobacterium abundances and acetate level. These findings suggest that synbiotic supplementation in the maternal diet improved nutrient metabolism and intestinal barrier permeability, reduced oxidative stress, and modified colonic microbiota composition and metabolic activity in suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiankun Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Wanghong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Francois Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Hao Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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16
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Amino Acids in Health and Endocrine Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1265:97-109. [PMID: 32761572 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary amino acids play an important role in maintaining health. Branched chain amino acids can adversely increase blood pressure whereas arginine and citrulline can reduce it. D-amino acids play important roles in several cell types including testis, the nervous system and adrenal glands. Several amino acids also can have dramatic effects on diabetes; branched chain amino acids, phenylalanine and tyrosine have been implicated while others, namely arginine and citrulline can improve outcomes. Leucine has been shown to play important roles in muscle primarily through the mTOR pathway though this effect does not translate across every population. Glutamine, arginine and D-aspartate also exert their muscle effects through mTOR. Relationships between amino acids and endocrine function include that of glucocorticoids, thyroid function, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and leptin. Leucine, for example, can alleviate the effect of dexamethasone on muscle protein accretion. Interestingly, amino acid transporters play an important role in thyroid function. Several amino acids have been shown to increase GLP-1 levels in non-diabetics when administered orally. Similarly, several amino acids increase ghrelin levels in different species while cysteine can decrease it in mice. There is evidence to suggest that the arginine/NO pathway may be involved in modulating some of the effects of ghrelin on cells. In regard to IGF-1, branched chain amino acids can increase levels in adults while tryptophan and phenylalanine have been shown to increase levels in infants. Finally, leptin levels can be elevated by branched chain amino acids while restricting leucine in high fat diets can increase leptin sensitivity.
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17
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Zhang L, Duan Y, Guo Q, Wang W, Li F. A selectively suppressing amino acid transporter: Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 inhibits cell growth and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway in skeletal muscle cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6:513-520. [PMID: 33364468 PMCID: PMC7750797 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2), also known as solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SLC38A2), is expressed in the skeletal muscle. Our research previously indicated that SNAT2 mRNA expression level in the skeletal muscle was modulated by genotype and dietary protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the key role of the amino acid transporter SNAT2 in muscle cell growth, differentiation, and related signaling pathways via SNAT2 suppression using the inhibitor α-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB). The results showed that SNAT2 suppression down-regulated both the mRNA and protein expression levels of SNAT2 in C2C12 cells, inhibited cell viability and differentiation of the cell, and regulated the cell distribution in G0/G1 and S phases (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, most of the intercellular amino acid content of the cells after MeAIB co-culturing was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of system L amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), silent information regulator 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1 alpha, as well as the protein expression levels of amino acid transporters LAT1 and vacuolar protein sorting 34, were all down-regulated. The phosphorylated protein expression levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), regulatory-associated protein of mTOR, 4E binding protein 1, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 after MeAIB treatment were also significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05), which could contribute to the importance of SNAT2 in amino acid transportation and skeletal muscle cell sensing. In conclusion, SNAT2 suppression inhibited C2C12 cell growth and differentiation, as well as the availability of free amino acids. Although the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway was found to be involved, its response to different nutrients requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410018, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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18
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Zhong Y, Song B, Zheng C, Zhang S, Yan Z, Tang Z, Kong X, Duan Y, Li F. Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves Alleviate Lipid Dysmetabolism in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice: Involvement of Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060860. [PMID: 32517288 PMCID: PMC7355566 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the roles and mechanisms of flavonoids from mulberry leaves (FML) on lipid metabolism in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. ICR mice were fed either a control diet (Con) or HFD with or without FML (240 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for six weeks. FML administration improved lipid accumulation, alleviated liver steatosis and the whitening of brown adipose tissue, and improved gut microbiota composition in HFD-fed mice. Microbiota transplantation from FML-treated mice alleviated HFD-induced lipid metabolic disorders. Moreover, FML administration restored the production of acetic acid in HFD-fed mice. Correlation analysis identified a significant correlation between the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and the production of acetic acid, and between the production of acetic acid and the weight of selected adipose tissues. Overall, our results demonstrated that in HFD-fed mice, the lipid metabolism improvement induced by FML administration might be mediated by gut microbiota, especially Bacteroidetes-triggered acetic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhao Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineeritng Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (X.K.)
| | - Bo Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineeritng Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (X.K.)
| | - Changbing Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhaoming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhiyi Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (S.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Z.T.)
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineeritng Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (X.K.)
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineeritng Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (X.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (F.L.)
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineeritng Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (X.K.)
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (F.L.)
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19
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Wen C, Li F, Guo Q, Zhang L, Duan Y, Wang W, Li J, He S, Chen W, Yin Y. Protective effects of taurine against muscle damage induced by diquat in 35 days weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:56. [PMID: 32514342 PMCID: PMC7268319 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a key factor that influences piglets’ health. Taurine plays an imperative role in keeping the biological system from damage. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of taurine against muscle injury due to the secondary effect of diquat toxicity. Results Our study found that taurine effectively and dose-dependently alleviated the diquat toxicity induced rise of feed/gain, with a concurrent improvement of carcass lean percentage. The plasma content of taurine was considerably increased in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, dietary taurine efficiently improved the activity of plasma antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, taurine attenuated muscle damage by restoring mitochondrial micromorphology, suppressing protein degradation and reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells in the skeletal muscle. Taurine supplementation also suppressed the genes expression levels of the antioxidant-, mitochondrial biogenesis-, and muscle atrophy-related genes in the skeletal muscle of piglets with oxidative stress. Conclusions These results showed that the dose of 0.60% taurine supplementation in the diet could attenuate skeletal muscle injury induced by diquat toxicity. It is suggested that taurine could be a potential nutritional intervention strategy to improve growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 Hunan China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, 410125 China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, 410125 China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, 410125 China
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20
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Wen C, Guo Q, Wang W, Duan Y, Zhang L, Li J, He S, Chen W, Li F. Taurine Alleviates Intestinal Injury by Mediating Tight Junction Barriers in Diquat-Challenged Piglet Models. Front Physiol 2020; 11:449. [PMID: 32547405 PMCID: PMC7270355 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intestinal barrier contributes as an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Oxidative stress can cause critical damages in intestinal integrity of animals. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the alleviated effect of taurine against small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) injury induced by oxidative stress. Methods: The piglet model of diquat-induced oxidative stress was employed. In addition, analysis of intestinal morphology, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and Western blot were used in this study. Results: Compared with the control group (CON), diquat-induced oxidative stress triggers immune response; the content of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was significantly changed, but 0.60% taurine supplementation could restore the level of serum immunoglobulin. Oxidative stress induces serious damage in intestinal morphology structure and tight junction barrier. Compared with the CON, the villus height of intestine was significantly decreased, the crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth (V/C) were also decreased, and 0.60% taurine supplementation could restore impaired morphology and even improve crypt depth and V/C of the jejunum and ileum. Compared with the CON, oxidative stress markedly increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of claudin-1 and occludin in the duodenum, and the value of occludin was significantly decreased in the jejunum of the diquat group (DIQ). Relative to the DIQ, 0.60% taurine supplementation increased the mRNA expression level of claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in the ileum. Compared with the CON, the expression of claudin-1 protein was significantly upregulated, and occludin and ZO-1 protein were both downregulated in the small intestine of DIQ. Conclusion: Taurine exerts protective effects by regulating immune response and restores the intestinal tight junction barrier when piglets suffer from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
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21
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Xiao H, Zha C, Shao F, Wang L, Tan B. Amino acids regulate energy utilization through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase pathway in porcine enterocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6:98-106. [PMID: 32211535 PMCID: PMC7083746 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
As major fuels for the small intestinal mucosa, dietary amino acids (AA) are catabolized in the mitochondria and serve as sources of energy production. The present study was conducted to investigate AA metabolism that supply cell energy and the underlying signaling pathways in porcine enterocytes. Intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) were treated with different concentrations of AA, inhibitor, or agonist of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mitochondrial respiration was monitored. The results showed that AA treatments resulted in enhanced mitochondrial respiration, increased intracellular content of pyruvic acid and lactic acid, and increased hormone-sensitive lipase mRNA expression. Meanwhile, decreased citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase alpha, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 mRNA expression were also observed. We found that AA treatments increased the protein levels of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), phosphorylated-p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, and phosphorylated-4E-binding protein 1. What is more, the protein levels of phosphorylated AMPK α (p-AMPKα) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) were decreased by AA treatments in a time depending manner. Mitochondrial bioenergetics and the production of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were decreased upon inhibition of mTORC1 or AMPK. Moreover, AMPK activation could up-regulate the mRNA expressions of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (Ikbkβ), integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK), unconventional myosin-Ic (Myo1c), ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 (RPS6Kβ2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-β, which are downstream effectors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The mRNA expressions of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform (PIK3CD) and 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 (PRKAG1), which are upstream regulators of mTOR, were also up-regulated by AMPK activation. On the other hand, AMPK activation also down-regulated FK506-binding protein 1A (FKBP1A), serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (Ulk1), which are up-stream regulators of mTORC1. Taken together, these data indicated that AA regulated cellular energy metabolism through mTOR and AMPK pathway in porcine enterocytes. These results demonstrated interactions of AMPK and mTORC1 pathways in AA catabolism and energy metabolism in intestinal mucosa cells of piglets, and also provided reference for using AA to remedy human intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Cuifang Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fangyuan Shao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bi'e Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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22
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Chaillou T, Sanna I, Kadi F. Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 187:111228. [PMID: 32142719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Age-related loss of muscle mass may result from reduced protein synthesis stimulation in response to anabolic stimuli, such as amino acid (AA) supplementation. The exact etiology of anabolic resistance to AA remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anabolic response [cell size, protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway] to the AA glutamine (a strong anabolic AA highly present in skeletal muscle) in myotubes obtained from 8 young (YW; 21-35 yrs) and 8 older (OW; 65-70 yrs) healthy women. This in vitro model of human primary myogenic cells explores the intrinsic behavior of muscle cells, while excluding potential influences of external factors. We showed that despite lower muscle mass, strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in OW compared to YW, myotube size (myotube diameter and area) and protein synthesis were not altered in OW, and glutamine-induced myotube hypertrophy and protein synthesis were preserved in OW. Apart from a lower glutamine-induced increase in P70S6 kinase phosphorylation in OW, no significant differences in other components of the mTOR pathway were observed between groups. Altogether, our data support the idea that the intrinsic capacity of muscle cells to respond to glutamine stimulation is preserved in healthy older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Chaillou
- Department of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Igor Sanna
- Department of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Fawzi Kadi
- Department of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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23
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Che L, Xu M, Gao K, Wang L, Yang X, Wen X, Xiao H, Jiang Z. Effects of dietary valine supplementation during late gestation on the reproductive performance and mammary gland development of gilts. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:15. [PMID: 32099647 PMCID: PMC7029528 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mammary gland development during late gestation in gilts is a major factor that alters the composition of colostrum and growth performance of piglets. Plasma valine is taken up and metabolized extensively by the mammary gland; however, the effects of valine on mammary gland development during late gestation are still unclear. Thirty primiparous gilts were divided into three treatment groups (n = 10) and received one of the three diets starting on day 75 of gestation until the day of farrowing. The total dietary valine to lysine ratio of the three diets was 0.63 (LV), 0.73 (MV), and 0.93 (HV), respectively. Results Dietary valine supplementation during late gestation did not affect (P > 0.05) the litter size and weight at farrowing; however, the piglet weight and average daily gain at weaning were linearly increased (P < 0.05) as the dietary valine increased. The highest piglet weight at weaning was observed when the gilts were provided the HV diet. Dietary valine supplementation linearly elevated (P < 0.05) protein, fat and solids-not-fat and some free amino acids content in colostrum. The concentration of prolactin in plasma of gilts was linearly increased in response to valine supplementation at days 1 and 10 of lactation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, with increasing dietary valine allowance, a linear increase (P < 0.05) was observed in the area of the lumen of alveolus and the content of DNA, RNA, and total protein in the mammary tissues at day 1 of lactation. Moreover, the protein expression of cyclin D1, p-mTOR, p-S6, and p-4EBP1 was also linearly increased (P < 0.05) in the mammary tissue at day 1 of lactation. However, no difference (P > 0.05) was observed in the indices related to mammary development and the mTOR signaling pathway at day 21 of lactation. Conclusion The results revealed that increasing the total dietary valine to lysine ratio to 0.93 during late gestation significantly enhances the piglet weight and average daily gain at weaning probably due to improved development of mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Che
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China.,2College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China.,2College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan China
| | - Kaiguo Gao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Li Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaolu Wen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Hao Xiao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture; Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng Street, Wushan Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
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24
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Duan Y, Zhong Y, Song B, Zheng C, Xu K, Kong X, Li F. Suppression of protein degradation by leucine requires its conversion to β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate in C2C12 myotubes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11922-11936. [PMID: 31881014 PMCID: PMC6949090 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate whether the inhibitory effect of Leucine (Leu) on starvation-induced protein degradation was mediated by its metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB), and to explore the mechanisms involved. The results showed that the beneficial effects of Leu on protein degradation and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of cells were observed at low levels (0.5 mM) rather than at high levels (10 mM). However, these effects were inferior to those of HMB. Moreover, HMB was able to increase/decrease the proportion of MyHC I/MyHC IIb protein expression, respectively. In these KICD-transfected cells, Leu was approximately as effective as HMB in inhibiting protein degradation and increasing the OCR as well as MyHC I protein expression of cells, and these effects of Leu were reverted to a normal state by mesotrione, a specific suppressor of KICD. In conclusion, HMB seems to be an active metabolite of Leu to suppress muscle protein degradation in a starvation model, and the mechanisms may be associated with improved mitochondrial oxidative capacity in muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yinzhao Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan, China
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25
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Wu M, Xiao H, Shao F, Tan B, Hu S. Arginine accelerates intestinal health through cytokines and intestinal microbiota. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 81:106029. [PMID: 31757675 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Arginine supplementation improves intestinal damage and intestinal immunity, but the underlying mechanism of the effects of arginine supplementation on intestinal SIgA secretion is largely unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the underlying pathway on the effects of arginine supplementation in secretory IgA (SIgA) production in mice. The results showed that 0.4% arginine supplementation promoted (P < 0.05) SIgA production in intestinal lumina and IgA+ plasma cell numbers in the ileum of mouse. Arginine supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) cytokines expression in mouse ileal associated with T cell-dependent and T cell-independent pathways of SIgA induction, including IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, transforming growth factor (TGF-)β2, TGF-β3, TGF-βR2, a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), B cell-activating factor (BAFF), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor, and retinal dehydrogenases. Further study showed that 0.4% arginine supplementation markly decreased (P < 0.05) bacterial loads in mouse mesenteric lymph nodes and increased bacterial invasion into the mouse ileal wall, while supplementation of antibiotic abrogated the influence of arginine supplementation on SIgA secretion. Therefore, these data suggest that arginine supplementation might promote SIgA secretion through cytokines and intestinal microbiota might play an important role in SIgA secretion by arginine supplementation in the mouse intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Hao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Fangyuan Shao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Dafeng 1st Street, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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26
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Chaoyue W, Fengna L, Yehui D, Qiuping G, Wenlong W, Lingyu Z, Jianzhong L, Shanping H, Wen C, Yulong Y. Dietary taurine regulates free amino acid profiles and taurine metabolism in piglets with diquat-induced oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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27
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Song B, Zhong YZ, Zheng CB, Li FN, Duan YH, Deng JP. Propionate alleviates high-fat diet-induced lipid dysmetabolism by modulating gut microbiota in mice. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1546-1555. [PMID: 31325215 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims were to examine whether oral sodium propionate supplementation regulate lipid metabolism through modulating gut microbiota. METHODS AND RESULTS ICR male mice (26·98 ± 0·30 g) were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10) and fed control diet (Con), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD plus propionate (Pro) respectively. In this study, we found that HFD increased the weight of final body, inguinal white adipose tissues (iWAT), epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and perirenal white adipose tissue (pWAT), as well as the adipocyte mean area of iWAT and eWAT in mice (P < 0·05), whereas sodium propionate treatment reduced the weight of iWAT and pWAT as well as adipocyte mean area of iWAT in mice fed a HFD (P < 0·05). Moreover, in the iWAT, the mRNA expression of lipogenesis genes, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1β, was upregulated by HFD challenge (P < 0·05), and the elevation of these genes was nearly reversed to the level of control diet-fed mice by sodium propionate treatment. Meanwhile, sodium propionate treatment increased the hormone-sensitive lipase mRNA expression in the iWAT of HFD-fed mice (P < 0·05). High-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA demonstrated that sodium propionate treatment significantly recovered the gut microbiota dysbiosis in HFD-fed mice, including the richness and diversity of microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, the HFD-induced reductions in colonic levels of butyrate and valerate were reversed by sodium propionate treatment, which also normalized the serum LPS level seen in HFD-fed mice to the levels of the control diet-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results indicated that sodium propionate treatment could improve lipid metabolism in HFD-fed mice, and the potential mechanisms might be via regulating gut microbiota. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We demonstrated for the first time that oral sodium propionate significantly improved HFD-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, indicating that the mitigative effect of propionate for HFD-induced lipid dysmetabolism might be mediated by gut microbiota in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Y Z Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - C B Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - F N Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Y H Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, China
| | - J P Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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Muyskens JB, Foote DM, Bigot NJ, Strycker LA, Smolkowski K, Kirkpatrick TK, Lantz BA, Shah SN, Mohler CG, Jewett BA, Owen EC, Dreyer HC. Cellular and morphological changes with EAA supplementation before and after total knee arthroplasty. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:531-545. [PMID: 31343947 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00869.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigate the underlying cellular basis of muscle atrophy (Placebo) and atrophy reduction (essential amino acid supplementation, EAAs) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients by examining satellite cells and other key histological markers of inflammation, recovery, and fibrosis. Forty-one subjects (53-76 yr) scheduled for TKA were randomized into two groups, ingesting 20 g of EAAs or placebo, twice-daily, for 7 days before TKA and for 6 wk after surgery. A first set of muscle biopsies was obtained from both legs before surgery in the operating room, and patients were randomly assigned and equally allocated to have two additional biopsies at either 1 or 2 wk after surgery. Biopsies were processed for gene expression and immunohistochemistry. Satellite cells were significantly higher in patients ingesting 20 g of essential amino acids twice daily for the 7 days leading up to surgery compared with Placebo (operative leg P = 0.03 for satellite cells/fiber and P = 0.05 for satellite cell proportions for Type I-associated cells and P = 0.05 for satellite cells/fiber for Type II-associated cells.) Myogenic regulatory factor gene expression was different between groups, with the Placebo Group having elevated MyoD expression at 1 wk and EAAs having elevated myogenin expression at 1 wk. M1 macrophages were more prevalent in Placebo than the EAAs Group. IL-6 and TNF-α transcripts were elevated postsurgery in both groups; however, TNF-α declined by 2 wk in the EAAs Group. EAAs starting 7 days before surgery increased satellite cells on the day of surgery and promoted a more favorable inflammatory environment postsurgery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Clinical studies by our group indicate that the majority of muscle atrophy after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in older adults occurs rapidly, within the first 2 wks. We have also shown that essential amino acid supplementation (EAAs) before and after TKA mitigates muscle atrophy; however, the mechanisms are unknown. These results suggest that satellite cell numbers are elevated with EAA ingestion before surgery, and after surgery, EAA ingestion positively influences markers of inflammation. Combined, these data may help inform further studies designed to address the accelerated sarcopenia that occurs in older adults after major surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas M Foote
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Nathan J Bigot
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | | | | | | | - Brick A Lantz
- Slocum Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Steven N Shah
- Slocum Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Craig G Mohler
- Slocum Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Brian A Jewett
- Slocum Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Erin C Owen
- Slocum Research and Education Foundation, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Hans C Dreyer
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
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29
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Nakato J, Aoki H, Tokuyama Y, Yamamoto Y, Iwakura H, Matsumura S, Inoue K, Ohinata K. Comprehensive analysis of a dipeptide library to identify ghrelin release-modulating peptides. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2637-2645. [PMID: 31254351 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We performed a comprehensive analysis of ghrelin release-modulating activity of a dipeptide library using MGN3-1, a ghrelin-producing cell line. We found that most dipeptides suppress ghrelin secretion, whereas the N-terminal Ser-containing dipeptides and a few others stimulate it. N-terminal amino acid residues, but not C-terminal residues, play a dominant role in the effects of dipeptides. Among dipeptides, Leu-Ile (LI) and Ser-Val (SV) most strongly suppress and stimulate ghrelin secretion, respectively. LI activates Gi signaling and SV acts via the MAPK pathway. Orally administered LI and SV reduce and increase plasma ghrelin levels and food intake in mice, respectively. In conclusion, LI and SV, found based on the comprehensive screening of a dipeptide library, modulate ghrelin secretion in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Nakato
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Hayato Aoki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Yuki Tokuyama
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Matsumura
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Kazuo Inoue
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
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30
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Duan Y, Zhong Y, Xiao H, Zheng C, Song B, Wang W, Guo Q, Li Y, Han H, Gao J, Xu K, Li T, Yin Y, Li F, Yin J, Kong X. Gut microbiota mediates the protective effects of dietary β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate (HMB) against obesity induced by high‐fat diets. FASEB J 2019; 33:10019-10033. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900665rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Yinzhao Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition RegulationSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaInstitute of Animal ScienceMinistry of Agriculture Guangzhou China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition RegulationSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Bo Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition RegulationSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Yuying Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Hui Han
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Jing Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition RegulationSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional IngredientsHunan Co‐Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS) Changsha China
| | - Jie Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha China
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Zhong Y, Zeng L, Deng J, Duan Y, Li F. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) improves mitochondrial function in myocytes through pathways involving PPARβ/δ and CDK4. Nutrition 2019; 60:217-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim S, Jeon JM, Kwon OK, Choe MS, Yeo HC, Peng X, Cheng Z, Lee MY, Lee S. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Upregulation of Ketogenesis in Cardiomyocytes Differentiated from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800284. [PMID: 30724459 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diverse metabolic pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation, regulate the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to cells of specific lineages and organs. Here, the protein dynamics during cardiac differentiation of human iPSCs into cardiomyocytes (CMs) are characterized. The differentiation is induced by N-(6-methyl-2-benzothiazolyl)-2-[(3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-4-oxo-3-phenylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-acetamide, a Wnt signaling inhibitor, and confirmed by the mRNA and protein expression of cTnT and MLC2A in CMs. For comparative proteomics, cells from three stages, namely, hiPSCs, cardiac progenitor cells, and CMs, are prepared using the three-plex tandem mass tag labeling approach. In total, 3970 proteins in triplicate analysis are identified. As the result, the upregulation of proteins associated with branched chain amino acid degradation and ketogenesis by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis are observed. The levels of 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2, and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1, involved in ketone body metabolism, are determined using western blotting, and the level of acetoacetate, the final product of ketogenesis, is higher in CMs. Taken together, these observations indicate that proteins required for the production of diverse energy sources are naturally self-expressed during cardiomyogenic differentiation. Furthermore, acetoacetate concentration might act as a regulator of this differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjoo Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Mi Jeon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Kwang Kwon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu Seog Choe
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Cheol Yeo
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- PTM Biolab LLC, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | | | - Min Young Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite targeted interventions, an estimated 150.8 million children under 5 years globally are still stunted, of which more than half live in Asia and more than one-third live in Africa. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding how longitudinal bone growth is regulated by nutritional intake in the developing world. Dietary macronutrients and micronutrients necessary for growth are also briefly reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances include investigations of nutritionally sensitive regulators of growth as well as prospective evaluations of the role of specific dietary components on growth in order to better assess their impact. SUMMARY Further investigation is required to understand how nutrition impacts growth, the mechanisms underlying stunting and to optimize therapeutic strategies for children who are at risk for growth attenuation or are stunted in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasreena K Nijjar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diane Stafford
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital and Stanford Medical School, Stanford, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Wen C, Li F, Zhang L, Duan Y, Guo Q, Wang W, He S, Li J, Yin Y. Taurine is Involved in Energy Metabolism in Muscles, Adipose Tissue, and the Liver. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800536. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center of Animal Production SafetyCICAPSHunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha 410128 China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center of Animal Production SafetyCICAPSHunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha 410128 China
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35
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Optimal branched-chain amino acid ratio improves cell proliferation and protein metabolism of porcine enterocytesin in vivo and in vitro. Nutrition 2018; 54:173-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Shamim B, Hawley JA, Camera DM. Protein Availability and Satellite Cell Dynamics in Skeletal Muscle. Sports Med 2018; 48:1329-1343. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Duan Y, Li F, Guo Q, Wang W, Zhang L, Wen C, Chen X, Yin Y. β-Hydroxy-β-methyl Butyrate Is More Potent Than Leucine in Inhibiting Starvation-Induced Protein Degradation in C2C12 Myotubes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:170-176. [PMID: 29227681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Leucine (Leu) and its metabolites α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) and β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) are potent regulators of protein turnover. The aim of this study was to compare the inhibitory effects of Leu, KIC, and HMB on protein degradation and to investigate the mechanisms involved. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of HMB (0.38 ± 0.04) was more potent than that of Leu (0.76 ± 0.04) and KIC (0.56 ± 0.04, P < 0.01), and was significantly abolished in the presence of LY294002 (1.48 ± 0.02) and rapamycin (1.96 ± 0.02, P < 0.01). In the presence of insulin, the inhibitory effect of HMB (0.34 ± 0.03) was still more effective than that of Leu (0.60 ± 0.04) and KIC (0.57 ± 0.08, P < 0.05). Interestingly, LY294002 treatment markedly attenuated the effect of HMB, while rapamycin treatment failed to exert the same effect. Thus, HMB appears to be more potent than Leu and KIC in inhibiting protein degradation in the absence or presence of insulin, and this inhibitory effect may be dependent on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway regardless of insulin, and mTOR signaling was only involved in this effect of HMB in the absence of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Duan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture , Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture , Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS; Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture , Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, Hunan 410018, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture , Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chaoyue Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, Hunan 410018, China
| | - Xiao'an Chen
- Hunan Shengshi Fenghua Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Longhui 422200, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture , Changsha 410125, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, Hunan 410018, China
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Nakai N, Kawano F, Murakami T, Nakata K, Higashida K. Leucine supplementation after mechanical stimulation activates protein synthesis via L-type amino acid transporter 1 in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2094-2101. [PMID: 28856713 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acid supplements consumed following exercise are widely used to increase muscle mass. Although both exercise (ie, mechanical stimulation) and branched-chain amino acid leucine supplementation have been reported to stimulate muscle protein synthesis by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway independently, the mechanisms underlying their synergistic effects are largely unknown. Utilizing cultured differentiated C2C12 myotubes, we established a combination treatment model in which the cells were subjected to cyclic uniaxial mechanical stretching (4 h, 15%, 1 Hz) followed by stimulation with 2 mM leucine for 45 min. Phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), an mTOR-regulated marker of protein translation initiation, was significantly increased following mechanical stretching alone but returned to the baseline after 4 h. Leucine supplementation further increased p70S6K phosphorylation, with a greater increase observed in the stretched cells than in the non-stretched cells. Notably, the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), a stimulator of the mTOR pathway, was also increased by mechanical stretching, and siRNA-mediated knockdown partially attenuated leucine-induced p70S6K phosphorylation. These results suggest that mechanical stretching promotes LAT1 expression and, consequently, amino acid uptake, leading to enhanced leucine-induced activation of protein synthesis. LAT1 has been demonstrated to be a point of crosstalk between exercise- and nutrition-induced skeletal muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Nakai
- Department of Nutrition, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Fuminori Kawano
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Taro Murakami
- Department of Nutrition, Shigakkan University, Ohbu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Higashida
- Department of Nutrition, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
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