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Gao Q, Zheng R, Lu J, Li X, Wang D, Cai X, Ren X, Kong Q. Trends in the Potential of Stilbenes to Improve Plant Stress Tolerance: Insights of Plant Defense Mechanisms in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stressors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7655-7671. [PMID: 38536950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Stilbenes belong to the naturally synthesized plant phytoalexins, produced de novo in response to various biotic and abiotic stressors. The importance of stilbenes in plant resistance to stress and disease is of increasing interest. However, the defense mechanisms and potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance have not been thoroughly reviewed. This work overviewed the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, shikimate pathway, and phenylalanine pathway occurred in the synthesis of stilbenes when plants are subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses. The positive implications and underlying mechanisms regarding defensive properties of stilbenes were demonstrated. Ten biomimetic chemosynthesis methods can underpin the potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance. The prospects for the application of stilbenes in agriculture, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals industries are anticipated. It is hoped that some of the detailed ideas and practices may contribute to the development of stilbene-related products and improvement of plant resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchao Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Renyu Zheng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Jun Lu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Xue Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Di Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Xueyan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Qingjun Kong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
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Maia M, Aziz A, Jeandet P, Carré V. Profiling and Localization of Stilbene Phytoalexins Revealed by MALDI-MSI during the Grapevine- Botrytis cinerea Interaction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15569-15581. [PMID: 37831964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stilbene phytoalexins are among the most accumulated compounds during grapevine-pathogen interactions. However, their steady-state accumulation level and spatial distribution within the tissues to counteract Botrytis cinerea infection remain to be explored. In this work, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to determine the spatial distribution of different phytoalexins in grapevine leaves upon infection with B. cinerea. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-fluorescence (UPLC-FL) was also employed to monitor the accumulation pattern of these phytoalexins. This study showed that stilbene compounds accumulate in areas close to the pathogen infection sites. It was also revealed that the accumulation patterns of the stilbene phytoalexins can vary from one time point postinfection to another with specific accumulation patterns within each time point. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the separate localization of grapevine stilbene phytoalexins has been revealed following B. cinerea infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Maia
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Aziz Aziz
- Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection (RIBP), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, USC INRAE 1488, Reims 51100, France
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection (RIBP), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, USC INRAE 1488, Reims 51100, France
| | - Vincent Carré
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France
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Liu W, Yan C, Li R, Chen G, Wang X, Wen Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Xu Y, Wang Y. VqMAPK3/VqMAPK6, VqWRKY33, and VqNSTS3 constitute a regulatory node in enhancing resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad116. [PMID: 37786728 PMCID: PMC10541564 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine powdery mildew is caused by Erysiphe necator, which seriously harms grape production in the world. Stilbene synthase makes phytoalexins that contribute to the resistance of grapevine against powdery mildew. A novel VqNSTS3 was identified and cloned from Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2. The novel VqNSTS3 was transferred into susceptible 'Thompson Seedless' by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic plants showed resistance to the disease and activated other resistance-related genes. VqNSTS3 expression in grapevine is regulated by VqWRKY33, and which binds to TTGACC in the VqNSTS3 promoter. Furthermore, VqWRKY33 was phosphorylated by VqMAPK3/VqMAPK6 and thus led to enhanced signal transduction and increased VqNSTS3 expression. ProVqNSTS3::VqNSTS3-GFP of transgenic VqNSTS3 in Arabidopsis thaliana was observed to move to and wrap the pathogen's haustoria and block invasion by Golovinomyces cichoracearum. These results demonstrate that stilbene accumulation of novel VqNSTS3 of the Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 prevented pathogen invasion and enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. Therefore, VqNSTS3 can be used in generating powdery mildew-resistant grapevines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaohui Yan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yingqiang Wen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Tran TM, Atanasova V, Tardif C, Richard-Forget F. Stilbenoids as Promising Natural Product-Based Solutions in a Race against Mycotoxigenic Fungi: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5075-5092. [PMID: 36951872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mycotoxins can pose a variety of adverse health effects to mammals. Despite dozens of mycotoxin decontamination strategies applied from pre- to postharvest stages, it is always challenging to guarantee a safe level of these natural toxic compounds in food and feedstuffs. In the context of the increased occurrence of drug-resistance strains of mycotoxin-producing fungi driven by the overuse of fungicides, the search for new natural-product-based solutions is a top priority. This review aims to shed a light on the promising potential of stilbenoids extracted from renewable agricultural wastes (e.g., grape canes and forestry byproducts) as antimycotoxin agents. Deeper insights into the mode of actions underlying the bioactivity of stilbenoid molecules against fungal pathogens, together with their roles in plant defense responses, are provided. Safety aspects of these natural compounds on humans and ecology are discussed. Perspectives on the development of stilbenoid-based formulations using encapsulation technology, which allows the bypassing of the limitations related to stilbenoids, particularly low aqueous solubility, are addressed. Optimistically, the knowledge gathered in the present review supports the use of currently underrated agricultural byproducts to produce stilbenoid-abundant extracts with a high efficiency in the mitigation of mycotoxins in food and feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Minh Tran
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Vessela Atanasova
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Charles Tardif
- UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, UR OENOLOGIE, EA 4577, USC 1366, ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Oerke EC, Juraschek L, Steiner U. Hyperspectral mapping of the response of grapevine cultivars to Plasmopara viticola infection at the tissue scale. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:377-395. [PMID: 36173350 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of grapevine to Plasmopara viticola is associated with the hypersensitive reaction, accumulation of stilbenoids, and formation of callose depositions. Spectral characterization of infected leaf tissue of cvs 'Regent' and 'Solaris' with resistance genes Rpv 3-1 and Rpv 10 and Rpv 3-3, respectively, suggested that resistance is not dependent on large-scale necrotization of host tissue. Reactions of the resistant cultivars and a reference susceptible to P. viticola were studied using hyperspectral imaging (range 400-1000 nm) at the tissue level and microscopic techniques. Resistance of both cultivars was incomplete and allowed pathogen reproduction. Spectral vegetation indices characterized the host response to pathogen invasion; the vitality of infected and necrotic leaf tissue differed significantly. Resistance depended on local accumulation of polyphenols in response to haustorium formation and was more effective for cv. 'Solaris'. Although hypersensitive reaction of some cells prevented colonization of palisade parenchyma, resistance was not associated with extensive necrotization of tissue, and the biotrophic pathogen survived localized death of penetrated host cells. Hyperspectral imaging was suitable to characterize and differentiate the resistance reactions of grapevine cultivars by mapping of the cellular response to pathogen attack on the tissue level and yields useful information on host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich-Christian Oerke
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, INRES - Plant Pathology, Nussallee 9, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Juraschek
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, INRES - Plant Pathology, Nussallee 9, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Steiner
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, INRES - Plant Pathology, Nussallee 9, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Bakacsy L, Sípos L, Barta A, Stefkó D, Vasas A, Szepesi Á. Concentration-dependent effects of effusol and juncusol from Juncus compressus on seedling development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13870. [PMID: 35974076 PMCID: PMC9381551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Juncus species are valuable sources of phenanthrene compounds that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Effusol and juncusol are the most investigated compounds reported to have antimicrobial and anticancer effects; however, to date, their effects on higher plants have not been investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of effusol and juncusol on the growth and other biochemical parameters of the dicot model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in a concentration-dependent manner with a focus on polyamine metabolism. Phenanthrene induced toxic effects on plant growth and development, while effusol and juncusol induced higher biomass and maintained antioxidant defence mechanisms associated with reduced polyamine degradation. Taken together, our results suggest that these compounds could be good candidates for new biopesticide or biostimulant plant growth regulators in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Bakacsy
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52., Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Lilla Sípos
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52., Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Anita Barta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Dóra Stefkó
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52., Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
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Marie Juraschek L, Matera C, Steiner U, Oerke EC. Pathogenesis of Plasmopara viticola Depending on Resistance Mediated by Rpv3_1, and Rpv10 and Rpv3_3, and by the Vitality of Leaf Tissue. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:1486-1499. [PMID: 35681263 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-10-21-0415-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine cultivars vary in their resistance to Plasmopara viticola, causal agent of downy mildew. Genes from various Vitis species confer pathogen resistance (Rpv), resulting in reduced compatibility of the host-pathogen interaction and partial disease resistance that may become apparent at different stages of pathogenesis. This study describes the pathogenesis of P. viticola on the partially resistant cultivars Regent (Rpv3-1) and Solaris (Rpv3-3, Rpv10) as compared with the susceptible cultivar Mueller-Thurgau using various microscopic techniques, visual disease rating as well as qPCR. Host plant resistance had no effect on the initial steps of pathogenesis outside the host plant cells (zoospore attachment, formation of substomatal vesicle) and became detectable only after the formation of primary haustoria. The restricted compatibility resulted in reductions in haustorium size and in the number of secondary haustoria and was associated with callose depositions around haustoria and stomatal guard cells, collapsed mesophyll cells (hypersensitive reaction), and additional production of an amorphous substance in the intercellular space of cultivar Solaris. Resistance mechanisms reduced the efficiency of P. viticola haustoria and largely restricted tissue colonization to the spongy parenchyma; resistance of cultivar Solaris having thicker leaves was more effective than that of cultivar Regent. Despite of the effects of resistance genes, P. viticola was able to complete its life cycle by forming sporangiophores with sporangia through the stomata on both resistant cultivars indicating partial resistance. Differences in the pathogenesis on detached and attached grapevine leaves highlighted the impact of host tissue vitality on both resistance and susceptibility to the biotrophic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Marie Juraschek
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation-Plant Pathology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Matera
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation-Plant Pathology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Steiner
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation-Plant Pathology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Erich-Christian Oerke
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation-Plant Pathology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Koledenkova K, Esmaeel Q, Jacquard C, Nowak J, Clément C, Ait Barka E. Plasmopara viticola the Causal Agent of Downy Mildew of Grapevine: From Its Taxonomy to Disease Management. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:889472. [PMID: 35633680 PMCID: PMC9130769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.889472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmopara viticola (P. viticola, Berk. & M. A. Curtis; Berl. & De Toni) causing grapevine downy mildew is one of the most damaging pathogens to viticulture worldwide. Since its recognition in the middle of nineteenth century, this disease has spread from America to Europe and then to all grapevine-growing countries, leading to significant economic losses due to the lack of efficient disease control. In 1885 copper was found to suppress many pathogens, and is still the most effective way to control downy mildews. During the twentieth century, contact and penetrating single-site fungicides have been developed for use against plant pathogens including downy mildews, but wide application has led to the appearance of pathogenic strains resistant to these treatments. Additionally, due to the negative environmental impact of chemical pesticides, the European Union restricted their use, triggering a rush to develop alternative tools such as resistant cultivars breeding, creation of new active ingredients, search for natural products and biocontrol agents that can be applied alone or in combination to kill the pathogen or mitigate its effect. This review summarizes data about the history, distribution, epidemiology, taxonomy, morphology, reproduction and infection mechanisms, symptoms, host-pathogen interactions, host resistance and control of the P. viticola, with a focus on sustainable methods, especially the use of biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Koledenkova
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
| | - Jerzy Nowak
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Saunders Hall, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Christophe Clément
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
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9
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Giudice G, Moffa L, Niero M, Duso C, Sandrini M, Vazzoler LF, Luison M, Pasini E, Chitarra W, Nerva L. Novel sustainable strategies to control Plasmopara viticola in grapevine unveil new insights on priming responses and arthropods ecology. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2342-2356. [PMID: 35246907 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction of fungicide consumption in agriculture is globally recognized as a priority. Government authorities are fostering research to achieve a reduction of risks associated with conventional pesticides and promoting the development of sustainable alternatives. To address these issues, in the present study, alternative protocols for the control of downy mildew infection in grapevine were compared to the standard protocol. In the first protocol, only resistance inducers were used, comprising a single formulation with Acibenzolar S-methyl, laminarin and disodium-phosphonate. The second and third protocols followed the standard protocol but substituted phosphonates with phosphorus pentoxide and Ecklonia maxima extract. RESULTS The results showed that at veraison downy mildew incidence and severity in all tested protocols were significantly reduced compared to nontreated controls on both canopy and bunches. Expression analysis of key genes involved in plant stress response, indicated that the two protocols for phosphites substitution induced a remodulation of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA), with positive impact on yields. Analysis of the first protocol revealed that the primed state induced a short delay in bunch ripening, with a shift of carbohydrate metabolism to boost the plant defences, involving an upregulation of defence related-gene, SAR response and a decreased ROS detoxification. Additionally, analysis on the arthropods populations, in parallel with the positive results achieved using alternatives to conventional fungicides, were enriched by those showing the potential of naturally occurring predators of spider mites. CONCLUSION This study provides practical solutions to reduce the environmental impact of treatments for the control downy mildew in viticulture. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Giudice
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DiSAA), University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana Moffa
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marina Niero
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Carlo Duso
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Sandrini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Walter Chitarra
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Nerva
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Conegliano, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Torino, Italy
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10
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Lazazzara V, Avesani S, Robatscher P, Oberhuber M, Pertot I, Schuhmacher R, Perazzolli M. Biogenic volatile organic compounds in the grapevine response to pathogens, beneficial microorganisms, resistance inducers, and abiotic factors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:529-554. [PMID: 34409450 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants is triggered in response to external stimuli, and these compounds can migrate to distal tissues and neighbouring receivers. Although grapevine VOCs responsible for wine aroma and plant-insect communications are well characterized, functional properties of VOCs produced in response to phytopathogens, beneficial microorganisms, resistance inducers, and abiotic factors have been less studied. In this review, we focused on the emission patterns and potential biological functions of VOCs produced by grapevines in response to stimuli. Specific grapevine VOCs are emitted in response to the exogenous stimulus, suggesting their precise involvement in plant defence response. VOCs with inhibitory activities against pathogens and responsible for plant resistance induction are reported, and some of them can also be used as biomarkers of grapevine resistance. Likewise, VOCs produced in response to beneficial microorganisms and environmental factors are possible mediators of grapevine-microbe communications and abiotic stress tolerance. Although further functional studies may improve our knowledge, the existing literature suggests that VOCs have an underestimated potential application as pathogen inhibitors, resistance inducers against biotic or abiotic stresses, signalling molecules, membrane stabilizers, and modulators of reactive oxygen species. VOC patterns could also be used to screen for resistant traits or to monitor the plant physiological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lazazzara
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Sara Avesani
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Peter Robatscher
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Michael Oberhuber
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Ilaria Pertot
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Michele Perazzolli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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11
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Schnee S, Huber R, Marcourt L, Michellod E, Wolfender JL, Gindro K, Ferreira Queiroz E. Generation of antifungal stilbenes derivatives towards grapevine downy mildew using enzymatic secretome of Botrytis cinerea. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20225003007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Llamazares-Miguel D, Bodin E, Laurens M, Corio-Costet M, Nieto J, Fernández-Navarro J, Mena-Petite A, Diez-Navajas AM. Genetic regulation in Vitis vinifera by approved basic substances against downy mildew. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20225003001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Khattab IM, Sahi VP, Baltenweck R, Maia-Grondard A, Hugueney P, Bieler E, Dürrenberger M, Riemann M, Nick P. Ancestral chemotypes of cultivated grapevine with resistance to Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback allocate metabolism towards bioactive stilbenes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:1133-1146. [PMID: 32896925 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases have devastating consequences on vineyards worldwide. European wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subs. sylvestris) from the last viable population in Germany along the Rhine river showed variable degrees of resistance against Neofusicoccum parvum (strain Bt-67), a fungus associated with Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback. Representative genotypes from different subclades of this population were mapped with respect to their ability to induce wood necrosis, as well as their defence responses in a controlled inoculation system. The difference in colonization patterns could be confirmed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy, while there was no relationship between vessel diameter and infection success. Resistant lines accumulated more stilbenes, that were in addition significantly partitioned to nonglycosylated viniferin trimers. By contrast, the susceptible genotypes accumulated less stilbenes with a significantly higher proportion of glycosylated piceid. We suggest a model in which in the resistant genotypes phenylpropanoid metabolism is channelled rapidly and specifically to the bioactive stilbenes. Our study specifies a resistant chemotype against grapevines trunk diseases and paves a way to breed for resistance against grapevine Botryosphaeriaceae-related dieback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Khattab
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, PO Box 59, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Vaidurya P Sahi
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | | | | | - Philippe Hugueney
- INRAE, SVQV UMR-A 1131, Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, F-68000, France
| | - Eva Bieler
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute - Nano Imaging Lab, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Markus Dürrenberger
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute - Nano Imaging Lab, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Michael Riemann
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
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14
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Jeandet P, Vannozzi A, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Uddin MS, Bru R, Martínez-Márquez A, Clément C, Cordelier S, Manayi A, Nabavi SF, Rasekhian M, El-Saber Batiha G, Khan H, Morkunas I, Belwal T, Jiang J, Koffas M, Nabavi SM. Phytostilbenes as agrochemicals: biosynthesis, bioactivity, metabolic engineering and biotechnology. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1282-1329. [PMID: 33351014 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00030b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1976 to 2020. Although constituting a limited chemical family, phytostilbenes represent an emblematic group of molecules among natural compounds. Ever since their discovery as antifungal compounds in plants and their ascribed role in human health and disease, phytostilbenes have never ceased to arouse interest for researchers, leading to a huge development of the literature in this field. Owing to this, the number of references to this class of compounds has reached the tens of thousands. The objective of this article is thus to offer an overview of the different aspects of these compounds through a large bibliography analysis of more than 500 articles. All the aspects regarding phytostilbenes will be covered including their chemistry and biochemistry, regulation of their biosynthesis, biological activities in plants, molecular engineering of stilbene pathways in plants and microbes as well as their biotechnological production by plant cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Alessandro Vannozzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh and Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Roque Bru
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ascension Martínez-Márquez
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Christophe Clément
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Sylvain Cordelier
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Azadeh Manayi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359-16471, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rasekhian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tarun Belwal
- Zhejiang University, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Hangzhou 310058, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjie Jiang
- Dorothy and Fred Chau '71 Constellation Professor, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Room 4005D, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Mattheos Koffas
- Dorothy and Fred Chau '71 Constellation Professor, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Room 4005D, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359-16471, Iran
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15
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Plasmopara viticola infection affects mineral elements allocation and distribution in Vitis vinifera leaves. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18759. [PMID: 33127977 PMCID: PMC7603344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmopara viticola is one of the most important pathogens infecting Vitis vinifera plants. The interactions among P. viticola and both susceptible and resistant grapevine plants have been extensively characterised, at transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic levels. However, the involvement of plants ionome in the response against the pathogen has been completely neglected so far. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the possible role of leaf ionomic modulation during compatible and incompatible interactions between P. viticola and grapevine plants. In susceptible cultivars, a dramatic redistribution of mineral elements has been observed, thus uncovering a possible role for mineral nutrients in the response against pathogens. On the contrary, the resistant cultivars did not present substantial rearrangement of mineral elements at leaf level, except for manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). This might demonstrate that, resistant cultivars, albeit expressing the resistance gene, still exploit a pathogen response mechanism based on the local increase in the concentration of microelements, which are involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, these data also highlight the link between the mineral nutrition and plants' response to pathogens, further stressing that appropriate fertilization strategies can be fundamental for the expression of response mechanisms against pathogens.
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16
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Massana-Codina J, Schnee S, Allard PM, Rutz A, Boccard J, Michellod E, Cléroux M, Schürch S, Gindro K, Wolfender JL. Insights on the Structural and Metabolic Resistance of Potato ( Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars to Tuber Black Dot ( Colletotrichum coccodes). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1287. [PMID: 32973846 PMCID: PMC7468465 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Black dot is a blemish disease of potato tubers caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum coccodes. Qualitative resistance (monogenic) that leads to the hypersensitive response has not been reported against black dot, but commercial potato cultivars show different susceptibility levels to the disease, indicating that quantitative resistance (polygenic) mechanisms against this pathogen exist. Cytological studies are essential to decipher pathogen colonization of the plant tissue, and untargeted metabolomics has been shown effective in highlighting resistance-related metabolites in quantitative resistance. In this study, we used five commercial potato cultivars with different susceptibility levels to black dot, and studied the structural and biochemical aspects that correlate with resistance to black dot using cytological and untargeted metabolomics methods. The cytological approach using semithin sections of potato tuber periderm revealed that C. coccodes colonizes the tuber periderm, but does not penetrate in cortical cells. Furthermore, skin thickness did not correlate with disease susceptibility, indicating that other factors influence quantitative resistance to black dot. Furthermore, suberin amounts did not correlate with black dot severity, and suberin composition was similar between the five potato cultivars studied. On the other hand, the untargeted metabolomics approach allowed highlighting biomarkers of infection, as well as constitutive and induced resistance-related metabolites. Hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxycinnamic acid amides and steroidal saponins were found to be biomarkers of resistance under control conditions, while hydroxycoumarins were found to be specifically induced in the resistant cultivars. Notably, some of these biomarkers showed antifungal activity in vitro against C. coccodes. Altogether, our results show that quantitative resistance of potatoes to black dot involves structural and biochemical mechanisms, including the production of specialized metabolites with antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Massana-Codina
- Plant Protection Research Division, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Schnee
- Plant Protection Research Division, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Rutz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Michellod
- Plant Protection Research Division, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Marilyn Cléroux
- Changins College for Viticulture and Enology, University Western Switzerland, Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | - Katia Gindro
- Plant Protection Research Division, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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17
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Wang D, Jiang C, Liu W, Wang Y. The WRKY53 transcription factor enhances stilbene synthesis and disease resistance by interacting with MYB14 and MYB15 in Chinese wild grape. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3211-3226. [PMID: 32080737 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is notable not only for its functions in disease resistance in plants but also for its health benefits when it forms part of the human diet. Identification of new transcription factors helps to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of stilbene synthesis. Here, the WRKY53 transcription factor was isolated from the Chinese wild grape, Vitis quinquangularis. Vqwrky53 was expressed in a variety of tissues and responded to powdery mildew infection and to exogenous hormone application. VqWRKY53 was located in the nucleus and had transcriptional activation activity in yeast. A yeast two-hybrid assay and a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay confirmed that VqWRKY53 interacted physically with VqMYB14 and VqMYB15, which have previously been reported to regulate stilbene synthesis. When Vqwrky53 was overexpressed in grape leaves, the expression of VqSTS32 and VqSTS41 and the content of stilbenes were increased. A yeast one-hybrid assay demonstrated that VqWRKY53 could bind directly to the promoters of STS genes. Overexpression of Vqwrky53 activated β-glucuronidase expression, driven by STS promoters, and co-expressing Vqwrky53 with VqMYB14 and VqMYB15 showed stronger regulatory functions. Heterologous overexpression of Vqwrky53 in Arabidopsis accelerated leaf senescence and disease resistance to PstDC3000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Changyue Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wandi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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18
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S De Bona G, Bertazzon N, Angelini E, Vincenzi S. Influence of pruning time and viral infection on stilbenoid levels in Pinot noir grape canes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1741-1747. [PMID: 31821558 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grapevine canes represent a large source of waste derived from grape cultivation. In the present study, the effect of different processes of storage and different pruning times on the stilbene accumulation on Pinot noir canes was analyzed. Whether the alteration of the secondary metabolism accompanying leafroll symptom expressions could affect the stilbenoid accumulation in canes harvested at pruning time was also investigated. RESULTS The maximum accumulation of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceatannol was obtained in canes harvested in October and dried at 40 °C. Even in grape canes harvested in October, November, and December and stored for different times at room temperature (20 ± 2 °C) a marked increase in trans-resveratrol and trans-piceatannol was evident, which reached a maximum at around 8 weeks of storage. A significant higher accumulation of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceatannol was also found in canes harvested from symptomatic plants compared to those harvested from asymptomatic plants for all the pruning times. CONCLUSION This study confirms that the biosynthetic enzyme activities and, particularly, those involved in the stilbene pathway, persist during Pinot noir cane storage at different harvest times, with different storage times and conditions, and different sanitary status. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gicele S De Bona
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Nadia Bertazzon
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Elisa Angelini
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Simone Vincenzi
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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19
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Mantovanelli GC, Mito MS, Ricardo LL, Menezes PVMDC, Carvalho Contesoto ID, Nascimento CRAD, Wagner Zampieri AL, Stulp GF, Constantin RP, Ishii-Iwamoto EL. Differential Effects of Exogenous Resveratrol on the Growth and Energy Metabolism of Zea mays and the Weed Ipomoea grandifolia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3006-3016. [PMID: 31986035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An increase in crop competitiveness relative to weed interference has the potential to reduce crop yield losses. In this study, the effects of phytoalexin resveratrol were examined in Zea mays L. (corn) and in the weed species Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O'Donell (morning glory). At a concentration range from 220 to 2200 μM resveratrol exerted a stimulus on Z. mays seedling growth that was more pronounced at low concentrations; in the weed species I. grandifolia, resveratrol exerted inhibitory action on seedling growth in all of the assayed concentration range. In I. grandifolia, resveratrol also inhibited the respiratory activity of the primary roots. In mitochondria isolated from Z. mays roots, resveratrol at concentrations above 440 μM inhibited the respiration coupled to ADP phosphorylation and the activities of NADH-oxidase, succinate-oxidase, and ATPsynthase. These effects were not reproduced in Z. mays grown in the presence of resveratrol as the respiratory activities of the roots were not affected. The finding that the resveratrol exerts beneficial effects on growth of Z. mays seedlings and inhibits the growth of I. grandifolia heightens the potential of resveratrol application for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Shigueaki Mito
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
| | - Letycia Lopes Ricardo
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 85950000 Palotina, Brazil
| | | | - Isabela de Carvalho Contesoto
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Luiza Wagner Zampieri
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Felipe Stulp
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, 87020900 Maringa, Brazil
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20
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Bove F, Rossi V. Components of partial resistance to Plasmopara viticola enable complete phenotypic characterization of grapevine varieties. Sci Rep 2020; 10:585. [PMID: 31953499 PMCID: PMC6969139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Six components of partial resistance (RCs) were studied in 15 grapevine varieties with partial resistance to Plasmopara viticola: (i) infection frequency (IFR, proportion of inoculation sites showing sporulation), (ii) latent period (LP50, degree-days between inoculation and appearance of 50% of the final number of sporulating lesions), (iii) lesion size (LS, area of single lesions in mm2), (iv) production of sporangia (SPOR, number of sporangia produced per lesion, and SPOR’, number of sporangia produced per mm2 of lesion), (v) infectious period (IP, number of sporulation events on a lesion), and (vi) infectivity of sporangia (INF, infection efficiency of sporangia produced on resistant varieties). Artificial inoculation monocycle experiments were conducted for a 3-year period on leaves collected at leaf development, flowering, and fruit development. Compared to the susceptible variety ‘Merlot’, the partially resistant varieties showed reduced IFR, longer LP, smaller LS, fewer SPOR and SPOR’, shorter IP, and lower INF. At leaf development, IFR, SPOR, and INF were higher and LP was shorter than at flowering and fruit development. RCs analysis through monocyclic experiments provides reliable assessments of the resistance response of grapevine accessions. The workload required for routine assessment in breeding programs could be reduced by measuring IFR and SPOR, while producing robust results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bove
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rossi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
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21
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Bove F, Bavaresco L, Caffi T, Rossi V. Assessment of Resistance Components for Improved Phenotyping of Grapevine Varieties Resistant to Downy Mildew. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1559. [PMID: 31827485 PMCID: PMC6890843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine varieties showing partial resistance to downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, are a promising alternative to fungicides for disease control. Resistant varieties are obtained through breeding programs aimed at incorporating Rpv loci controlling the quantitative resistance into genotypes characterized by valuable agronomic and wine quality traits by mean of crossing. Traditional phenotyping methods used in these breeding programs are mostly based on the assessment of the resistance level after artificial inoculation of leaf discs in bioassays, by using the visual score proposed in the 2nd Edition of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) Descriptor List for Grape Varieties and Vitis species (2009). In this work, the OIV score was compared with an alternative approach, not used for the grapevine-downy mildew pathosystem so far, based on the measurement of components of resistance (RCs); 15 grapevine resistant varieties were used in comparison with the susceptible variety 'Merlot'. OIV scores were significantly correlated with P. viticola infection frequency (IFR), the latent period for the downy mildew (DM) lesions to appear (LP50), and the number of sporangia produced per lesion (SPOR), so that when the OIV score increased (i.e., the resistance level increases), IFR and SPOR decreased, while LP50 increased. The relationship was linear for LP50, monomolecular for IFR and hyperbolic for SPOR. No significant correlation was found between OIV score and DM lesion size, sporangia produced per unit area of lesion, length of infectious period, and infection efficiency of the sporangia produced on DM lesions. The correlation between OIV score and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) calculated by using the RCs and a simulation model was significant and fit an inverse exponential function. Based on the results of this study, the measurement of the RCs to P. viticola in grapevine varieties by means of monocyclic, leaf disc bioassays, as well as their incorporation into a model able to simulate their effect on the polycyclic development of DM epidemics in vineyards, represents an improved method for phenotyping resistance level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bove
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DI.PRO.VE.S., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Bavaresco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DI.PRO.VE.S., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca sulla Biodiversità e sul DNA Antico, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Tito Caffi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DI.PRO.VE.S., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rossi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DI.PRO.VE.S., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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Hu Y, Gao YR, Yang LS, Wang W, Wang YJ, Wen YQ. The cytological basis of powdery mildew resistance in wild Chinese Vitis species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:244-253. [PMID: 31593897 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The wild Chinese grapevines (Vitis spp.) show varying levels of resistance to powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe necator that is an economically important disease of cultivated grapevines (Vitis vinifera). However, little information is available regarding the cytological mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance in these wild relatives. Here, we studied the cytological responses of three wild Chinese grapevine accessions after they were infected with E. necator (En) NAFU1 in comparison to the susceptible V. vinifera cv. 'Thompson Seedless' grape. The hyphal growth and sporulation of En NAFU1 were significantly restricted in wild species compared to 'Thompson Seedless', which appears to be associated with early cell wall deposition at the attempt sites, encasement of haustoria, and hypersensitive response-like cell death of penetrated epidermal cells. Moreover, endogenous free salicylic acid (SA) was more abundant in wild Chinese Vitis species than in 'Thompson Seedless' under pathogen-free condition. During En NAFU1 colonization, SA conjugates accumulated higher in wild grapevines than in 'Thompson Seedless'. In addition, the species-specific expression patterns of defense-associated genes during En NAFU1 colonization indicated that mechanisms underlying powdery mildew resistance are divergent among different wild Chinese Vitis species. These results contribute to understanding of mechanisms underlying defense responses of wild Chinese Vitis species against powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Rong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue-Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Eisenmann B, Czemmel S, Ziegler T, Buchholz G, Kortekamp A, Trapp O, Rausch T, Dry I, Bogs J. Rpv3-1 mediated resistance to grapevine downy mildew is associated with specific host transcriptional responses and the accumulation of stilbenes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:343. [PMID: 31387524 PMCID: PMC6685164 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND European grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera spp.) are highly susceptible to the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Breeding of resistant V. vinifera cultivars is a promising strategy to reduce the impact of disease management. Most cultivars that have been bred for resistance to downy mildew, rely on resistance mediated by the Rpv3 (Resistance to P. viticola) locus. However, despite the extensive use of this locus, little is known about the mechanism of Rpv3-mediated resistance. RESULTS In this study, Rpv3-mediated defense responses were investigated in Rpv3+ and Rpv3- grapevine cultivars following inoculation with two distinct P. viticola isolates avrRpv3+ and avrRpv3-, with the latter being able to overcome Rpv3 resistance. Based on comparative microscopic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, our results show that the Rpv3-1-mediated resistance is associated with a defense mechanism that triggers synthesis of fungi-toxic stilbenes and programmed cell death (PCD), resulting in reduced but not suppressed pathogen growth and development. Functional annotation of the encoded protein sequence of genes significantly upregulated during the Rpv3-1-mediated defense response revealed putative roles in pathogen recognition, signal transduction and defense responses. CONCLUSION This study used histochemical, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of Rpv3+ and susceptible cultivars inoculated with avirulent and virulent P. viticola isolates to investigate mechanism underlying the Rpv3-1-mediated resistance response. We demonstrated a strong correlation between the expressions of stilbene biosynthesis related genes, the accumulation of fungi-toxic stilbenes, pathogen growth inhibition and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Eisenmann
- State Education and Research Center of Viticulture, Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt/Weinstr, Germany
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Czemmel
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Ziegler
- State Education and Research Center of Viticulture, Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt/Weinstr, Germany
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Günther Buchholz
- RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta - Institute for Plant Research, Neustadt/Weinstr, Germany
| | - Andreas Kortekamp
- State Education and Research Center of Viticulture, Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt/Weinstr, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rausch
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ian Dry
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Jochen Bogs
- State Education and Research Center of Viticulture, Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt/Weinstr, Germany
- Technische Hochschule Bingen, 55411 Bingen am Rhein, Germany
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24
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Donati L, Ferretti L, Frallicciardi J, Rosciani R, Valletta A, Pasqua G. Stilbene biosynthesis and gene expression in response to methyl jasmonate and continuous light treatment in Vitis vinifera cv. Malvasia del Lazio and Vitis rupestris Du Lot cell cultures. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:646-662. [PMID: 30091254 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitis rupestris is used as rootstock or to obtain hybrids with Vitis vinifera, due to its resistance to certain pathogens. Its resistance mechanisms are poorly understood, while it is known that stilbene neo-synthesis is a central defense strategy in V. vinifera. In the present study, the response to methyl jasmonate (MeJa) and light treatment in terms of stilbene biosynthesis and the expression of genes involved in polyphenol biosynthesis was investigated in V. vinifera and V. rupestris cells. The two species exhibited a similar constitutive stilbene content [2.50-2.80 mg g-1 dry weight (DW)], which greatly increased in response to elicitation (8.97-11.90 mg g-1 DW). In V. vinifera, continuous light treatment amplified the effect of MeJa, with a stilbene production that had never previously been obtained (26.49 mg g-1 DW). By contrast, it suppressed the effect of MeJa in V. rupestris. Gene expression was consistent with stilbene production in V. vinifera, whereas discrepancies were recorded in V. rupestris that could be explained by the synthesis of stilbenes that had never before been analyzed in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Donati
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Luca Ferretti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Rome 00156, Italy
| | - Jacopo Frallicciardi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Rome 00156, Italy
| | - Roberta Rosciani
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Alessio Valletta
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pasqua
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Rome 00185, Italy
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25
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Vezzulli S, Malacarne G, Masuero D, Vecchione A, Dolzani C, Goremykin V, Mehari ZH, Banchi E, Velasco R, Stefanini M, Vrhovsek U, Zulini L, Franceschi P, Moser C. The Rpv3-3 Haplotype and Stilbenoid Induction Mediate Downy Mildew Resistance in a Grapevine Interspecific Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:234. [PMID: 30894868 PMCID: PMC6414455 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of new resistant varieties to the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk.& Curt) is a promising way to combat downy mildew (DM), one of the major diseases threatening the cultivated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Taking advantage of a segregating population derived from "Merzling" (a mid-resistant hybrid) and "Teroldego" (a susceptible landrace), 136 F1 individuals were characterized by combining genetic, phenotypic, and gene expression data to elucidate the genetic basis of DM resistance and polyphenol biosynthesis upon P. viticola infection. An improved consensus linkage map was obtained by scoring 192 microsatellite markers. The progeny were screened for DM resistance and production of 42 polyphenols. QTL mapping showed that DM resistance is associated with the herein named Rpv3-3 specific haplotype and it identified 46 novel metabolic QTLs linked to 30 phenolics-related parameters. A list of the 95 most relevant candidate genes was generated by specifically exploring the stilbenoid-associated QTLs. Expression analysis of 11 genes in Rpv3-3 +/- genotypes displaying disparity in DM resistance level and stilbenoid accumulation revealed significant new candidates for the genetic control of stilbenoid biosynthesis and oligomerization. These overall findings emphasized that DM resistance is likely mediated by the major Rpv3-3 haplotype and stilbenoid induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vezzulli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Giulia Malacarne
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Domenico Masuero
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Antonella Vecchione
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Chiara Dolzani
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Vadim Goremykin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Zeraye Haile Mehari
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Elisa Banchi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Velasco
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Marco Stefanini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Luca Zulini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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26
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Negrel L, Halter D, Wiedemann-Merdinoglu S, Rustenholz C, Merdinoglu D, Hugueney P, Baltenweck R. Identification of Lipid Markers of Plasmopara viticola Infection in Grapevine Using a Non-targeted Metabolomic Approach. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:360. [PMID: 29619037 PMCID: PMC5871909 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Oomycete Plasmopara viticola is responsible for downy mildew, which is one of the most damaging grapevine diseases. Due to the strictly biotrophic way of life of P. viticola, its metabolome is relatively poorly characterized. In this work, we have used a mass spectrometry-based non-targeted metabolomic approach to identify potential Plasmopara-specific metabolites. This has led to the characterization and structural elucidation of compounds belonging to three families of atypical lipids, which are not detected in healthy grapevine tissues. These lipids include ceramides and derivatives of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acid, most of which had not been previously described in Oomycetes. Furthermore, we show that these lipids can be detected in Plasmopara-infected tissues at very early stages of the infection process, long before the appearance the first visible symptoms of the disease. Therefore, the potential use of these specific lipids as markers to monitor the development of P. viticola is discussed.
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27
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Downy mildew symptoms on grapevines can be reduced by volatile organic compounds of resistant genotypes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1618. [PMID: 29374187 PMCID: PMC5786018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a crucial role in the communication of plants with other organisms and are possible mediators of plant defence against phytopathogens. Although the role of non-volatile secondary metabolites has been largely characterised in resistant genotypes, the contribution of VOCs to grapevine defence mechanisms against downy mildew (caused by Plasmopara viticola) has not yet been investigated. In this study, more than 50 VOCs from grapevine leaves were annotated/identified by headspace-solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Following P. viticola inoculation, the abundance of most of these VOCs was higher in resistant (BC4, Kober 5BB, SO4 and Solaris) than in susceptible (Pinot noir) genotypes. The post-inoculation mechanism included the accumulation of 2-ethylfuran, 2-phenylethanol, β-caryophyllene, β-cyclocitral, β-selinene and trans-2-pentenal, which all demonstrated inhibitory activities against downy mildew infections in water suspensions. Moreover, the development of downy mildew symptoms was reduced on leaf disks of susceptible grapevines exposed to air treated with 2-ethylfuran, 2-phenylethanol, β-cyclocitral or trans-2-pentenal, indicating the efficacy of these VOCs against P. viticola in receiver plant tissues. Our data suggest that VOCs contribute to the defence mechanisms of resistant grapevines and that they may inhibit the development of downy mildew symptoms on both emitting and receiving tissues.
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28
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Wang C, Wu J, Zhang Y, Lu J. Muscadinia rotundifolia 'Noble' defense response to Plasmopara viticola inoculation by inducing phytohormone-mediated stilbene accumulation. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:95-107. [PMID: 28653245 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Downy mildew (DM), one of the most devastating grape diseases worldwide, is caused by the biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Pv). In general, grapevine responds to Pv infection with the accumulation of phytoalexins as part of the innate immune system, and diverse phytoalexins are induced on grapevines with different DM-resistance levels in response to Pv invasion. However, the regulation of phytoalexin biosynthesis during grapevine against Pv is still unclear. Herein, we detected stilbenes by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and found that resveratrol was accumulated to higher level and earlier in the DM-immune Muscadinia rotundifolia 'Noble' than that in the DM-susceptible Vitis vinifera 'Thompson Seedless' after Pv inoculation. Additionally, a considerable amount of pterostilbene and ε-viniferin was found in 'Noble', while a little was detected in 'Thompson Seedless'. Resveratrol was glycosylated into piceid both in 'Noble' and 'Thompson Seedless' after Pv inoculation. The qPCR analysis of gene expression indicated that the resveratrol-synthesis gene (STS) was induced by Pv inoculation earlier in 'Noble' than that in 'Thompson Seedless', while the pterostilbene-synthesis gene (ROMT) was induced in 'Noble' but not in 'Thompson Seedless' at all. The piceid-synthesis gene (GT) was generally up-regulated in both cultivars. Sequence analysis of STS, ROMT, and GT promoters revealed that they contained cis-regulatory elements responsive to phytohormones and pathogens. Following Pv inoculation, the level of SA, MeJA, and ABA was found to be consistently higher in 'Noble' than those in 'Thompson Seedless'. The results of exogenous hormone elicitation further demonstrated that the accumulation of stilbenes was regulated by phytohormones. The earlier and higher accumulation of phytohormones and consequent induction of stilbene synthesis may play an important role in grapevine defense against downy mildew disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxia Wang
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Wu
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Zhang
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Lu
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10008, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200024, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Yin X, Liu RQ, Su H, Su L, Guo YR, Wang ZJ, Du W, Li MJ, Zhang X, Wang YJ, Liu GT, Xu Y. Pathogen development and host responses to Plasmopara viticola in resistant and susceptible grapevines: an ultrastructural study. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2017; 4:17033. [PMID: 28785414 PMCID: PMC5539432 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2017.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The downy mildew disease in grapevines is caused by Plasmopara viticola. This disease poses a serious threat wherever viticulture is practiced. Wild Vitis species showing resistance to P. viticola offer a promising pathway to develop new grapevine cultivars resistant to P. viticola which will allow reduced use of environmentally unfriendly fungicides. Here, transmission and scanning microscopy was used to compare the resistance responses to downy mildew of three resistant genotypes of V. davidii var. cyanocarpa, V. piasesezkii and V. pseudoreticulata and the suceptible V. vinifera cultivar 'Pinot Noir'. Following inoculation with sporangia of P. viticola isolate 'YL' on V. vinifera cv. 'Pinot Noir', the infection was characterized by a rapid spread of intercellular hyphae, a high frequency of haustorium formation within the host's mesophyll cells, the production of sporangia and by the absence of host-cell necrosis. In contrast zoospores were collapsed in the resistant V. pseudoreticulata 'Baihe-35-1', or secretions appeared arround stomata at the beginning of the infection period in V. davidii var. cyanocarpa 'Langao-5' and V. piasezkii 'Liuba-8'. The main characteristics of the resistance responses were the rapid depositions of callose and the appearance of empty hyphae and the plasmolysis of penetrated tissue. Moreover, collapsed haustoria were observed in V. davidii var. cyanocarpa 'Langao-5' at 5 days post inoculation (dpi) and in V. piasezkii 'Liuba-8' at 7 dpi. Lastly, necrosis extended beyond the zone of restricted colonization in all three resistant genotypes. Sporangia were absent in V. piasezkii 'Liuba-8' and greatly decreased in V. davidii var. cyanocarpa 'Langao-5' and in V. pseudoreticulata 'Baihe-35-1' compared with in V. vinifera cv. 'Pinot Noir'. Overall, these results provide insights into the cellular biological basis of the incompatible interactions between the pathogen and the host. They indicate a number of several resistant Chinese wild species that could be used in developing new cultivars having good levels of downy mildew resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Rui-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Hang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Li Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Yu-Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Zi-Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Mei-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Yue-Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Guo-Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology
in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F
University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology
and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of
Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,
Shaanxi
712100, China
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30
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Billet K, Houillé B, Besseau S, Mélin C, Oudin A, Papon N, Courdavault V, Clastre M, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Lanoue A. Mechanical stress rapidly induces E-resveratrol and E-piceatannol biosynthesis in grape canes stored as a freshly-pruned byproduct. Food Chem 2017; 240:1022-1027. [PMID: 28946218 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Grape canes represent a promising source of bioactive phytochemicals. However the stabilization of the raw material after pruning remains challenging. We recently reported the induction of stilbenoid metabolism after winter pruning including a strong accumulation of E-resveratrol and E-piceatannol during the first six weeks of storage. In the present study, the effect of mechanical wounding on freshly-pruned canes was tested to increase the induction of stilbenoid metabolism. Cutting the grape canes in short segments immediately after pruning triggered a transient expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and stilbene synthase (STS) genes, followed by a rapid accumulation of E-resveratrol and E-piceatannol. The degree of stilbenoid induction was related to the intensity of mechanical wounding. Data suggest that a global defense response is triggered involving jasmonate signaling, PR proteins and stilbenoid metabolism. Mechanical wounding of freshly-pruned canes drastically shortens the time required to reach maximal stilbenoid accumulation from 6 to 2weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Billet
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Benjamin Houillé
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Besseau
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Céline Mélin
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Audrey Oudin
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Marc Clastre
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc'h
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France.
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31
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Becker L, Bellow S, Carré V, Latouche G, Poutaraud A, Merdinoglu D, Brown SC, Cerovic ZG, Chaimbault P. Correlative Analysis of Fluorescent Phytoalexins by Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Fluorescence Microscopy in Grapevine Leaves. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7099-7106. [PMID: 28570053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to their environment stresses is a complex mechanism involving secondary metabolites. Stilbene phytoalexins, namely resveratrol, pterostilbene, piceids and viniferins play a key role in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaf defense. Despite their well-established qualities, conventional analyses such as HPLC-DAD or LC-MS lose valuable information on metabolite localization during the extraction process. To overcome this issue, a correlative analysis combining mass spectroscopy imaging (MSI) and fluorescence imaging was developed to localize in situ stilbenes on the same stressed grapevine leaves. High-resolution images of the stilbene fluorescence provided by macroscopy were supplemented by specific distributions and structural information concerning resveratrol, pterostilbene, and piceids obtained by MSI. The two imaging techniques led to consistent and complementary data on the stilbene spatial distribution for the two stresses addressed: UV-C irradiation and infection by Plasmopara viticola. Results emphasize that grapevine leaves react differently depending on the stress. A rather uniform synthesis of stilbenes is induced after UV-C irradiation, whereas a more localized synthesis of stilbenes in stomata guard cells and cell walls is induced by P. viticola infection. Finally, this combined imaging approach could be extended to map phytoalexins of various plant tissues with resolution approaching the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Becker
- Université de Lorraine. Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), EA 4632, Institut Jean Barriol - Fédération de Recherche 2843; ICPM 1, Boulevard Arago , Metz Technopole Cedex 03, F-57078, France
| | - Sébastien Bellow
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Carré
- Université de Lorraine. Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), EA 4632, Institut Jean Barriol - Fédération de Recherche 2843; ICPM 1, Boulevard Arago , Metz Technopole Cedex 03, F-57078, France
| | - Gwendal Latouche
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Poutaraud
- INRA , Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, UMR 1121, Colmar, 29 rue de Herrlisheim, F68021 Colmar Cedex, France.,Université de Lorraine , Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, UMR 1121, 2 Avenue de la forêt de Haye - TSA, 40602 - F54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Didier Merdinoglu
- INRA , UMR 1131, SVQV, F-68000 Colmar, France.,Université de Strasbourg , UMR 1131, SVQV, F-68000 Colmar, France
| | - Spencer C Brown
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Zoran G Cerovic
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Patrick Chaimbault
- Université de Lorraine. Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), EA 4632, Institut Jean Barriol - Fédération de Recherche 2843; ICPM 1, Boulevard Arago , Metz Technopole Cedex 03, F-57078, France
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32
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Agurto M, Schlechter RO, Armijo G, Solano E, Serrano C, Contreras RA, Zúñiga GE, Arce-Johnson P. RUN1 and REN1 Pyramiding in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera cv. Crimson Seedless) Displays an Improved Defense Response Leading to Enhanced Resistance to Powdery Mildew ( Erysiphe necator). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:758. [PMID: 28553300 PMCID: PMC5427124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pathogens are the cause of the most common diseases in grapevine and among them powdery mildew represents a major focus for disease management. Different strategies for introgression of resistance in grapevine are currently undertaken in breeding programs. For example, introgression of several resistance genes (R) from different sources for making it more durable and also strengthening the plant defense response. Taking this into account, we cross-pollinated P09-105/34, a grapevine plant carrying both RUN1 and REN1 pyramided loci of resistance to Erysiphe necator inherited from a pseudo-backcrossing scheme with Muscadinia rotundifolia and Vitis vinifera 'Dzhandzhal Kara,' respectively, with the susceptible commercial table grape cv. 'Crimson Seedless.' We developed RUN1REN1 resistant genotypes through conventional breeding and identified them by marker assisted selection. The characterization of defense response showed a highly effective defense mechanism against powdery mildew in these plants. Our results reveal that RUN1REN1 grapevine plants display a robust defense response against E. necator, leading to unsuccessful fungal establishment with low penetration rate and poor hypha development. This resistance mechanism includes reactive oxygen species production, callose accumulation, programmed cell death induction and mainly VvSTS36 and VvPEN1 gene activation. RUN1REN1 plants have a great potential as new table grape cultivars with durable complete resistance to E. necator, and are valuable germplasm to be included in grape breeding programs to continue pyramiding with other sources of resistance to grapevine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Agurto
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Rudolf O. Schlechter
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Grace Armijo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Esteban Solano
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Serrano
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A. Contreras
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología y CEDENNA, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo E. Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología y CEDENNA, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
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33
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Gindro K, Schnee S, Righi D, Marcourt L, Nejad Ebrahimi S, Codina JM, Voinesco F, Michellod E, Wolfender JL, Queiroz EF. Generation of Antifungal Stilbenes Using the Enzymatic Secretome of Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:887-898. [PMID: 28332842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The protein secretome of Botrytis cinerea was used to perform the biotransformation of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and a mixture of both. Metabolite profiling by UHPLC-HRMS revealed the presence of compounds with unusual molecular formula, suggesting the existence of new products. To isolate these products, the reactions were scaled-up, and 21 analogues were isolated and fully characterized by NMR and HRESIMS analyses. The reaction with pterostilbene afforded five new compounds, while the reaction with a mixture of pterostilbene and resveratrol afforded seven unusual stilbene dimers. The antifungal properties of these compounds were evaluated using in vitro bioassays against Plasmopara viticola. The cytological effects of the isolated antifungal compounds on the ultrastructure of P. viticola were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Gindro
- Agroscope, Domaine de Recherche Protection des Végétaux , Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Schnee
- Agroscope, Domaine de Recherche Protection des Végétaux , Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Davide Righi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, ShahidBeheshti University , G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Josep Massana Codina
- Agroscope, Domaine de Recherche Protection des Végétaux , Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Francine Voinesco
- Agroscope, Domaine de Recherche Protection des Végétaux , Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Michellod
- Agroscope, Domaine de Recherche Protection des Végétaux , Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne , CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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34
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Wang L, Xie X, Yao W, Wang J, Ma F, Wang C, Yang Y, Tong W, Zhang J, Xu Y, Wang X, Zhang C, Wang Y. RING-H2-type E3 gene VpRH2 from Vitis pseudoreticulata improves resistance to powdery mildew by interacting with VpGRP2A. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1669-1687. [PMID: 28369599 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the world's most important fruit crops. European cultivated grape species have the best fruit quality but show almost no resistance to powdery mildew (PM). PM caused by Uncinula necator is a harmful disease that has a significant impact on the economic value of the grape crop. In this study, we examined a RING-H2-type ubiquitin ligase gene VpRH2 that is associated with significant PM-resistance of Chinese wild-growing grape Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1. The expression of VpRH2 was clearly induced by U. necator inoculation compared with its homologous gene VvRH2 in a PM-susceptible grapevine V. vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless. Using a yeast two-hybrid assay we confirmed that VpRH2 interacted with VpGRP2A, a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein. The degradation of VpGRP2A was inhibited by treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 while VpRH2 did not promote the degradation of VpGRP2A. Instead, the transcripts of VpRH2 were increased by over-expressing VpGRP2A while VpRH2 suppressed the expression of VpGRP2A. Furthermore, VpGRP2A was down-regulated in both Baihe-35-1 and Thompson Seedless after U. necator inoculation. Specifically, we generated VpRH2 overexpression transgenic lines in Thompson Seedless and found that the transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance to powdery mildew compared with the wild-type. In summary, our results indicate that VpRH2 interacts with VpGRP2A and plays a positive role in resistance to powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Xie
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkong Yao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Weihuo Tong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, the People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, the People's Republic of China
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35
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Chang X, Seo M, Takebayashi Y, Kamiya Y, Riemann M, Nick P. Jasmonates are induced by the PAMP flg22 but not the cell death-inducing elicitor Harpin in Vitis rupestris. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:271-283. [PMID: 26769707 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants employ two layers of defence that differ with respect to cell death: pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). In our previous work, we have comparatively mapped the molecular events in a cell system derived from the wild American grape Vitis rupestris, where cell death-independent defence can be triggered by PAMP flg22, whereas the elicitor Harpin activates a cell death-related ETI-like response. Both defence responses overlapped with respect to early events, such as calcium influx, apoplastic alkalinisation, oxidative burst, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, activation of defence-related genes and accumulation of phytoalexins. However, timing and amplitude of early signals differed. In the current study, we address the role of jasmonates (JAs) as key signalling compounds in hypersensitive cell death. We find, in V. rupestris, that jasmonic acid and its bioactive conjugate jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) rapidly accumulate in response to flg22 but not in response to Harpin. However, Harpin can induce programmed cell death, whereas exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) fails to do so, although both signals induce a similar response of defence genes. Also in a second cell line from V. vinifera cv. 'Pinot Noir', where Harpin cannot activate cell death and where flg22 fails to induce JA and JA-Ile, defence genes are activated in a similar manner. These findings indicate that the signal pathway culminating in cell death must act independently from the events culminating in the accumulation of toxic stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Mitsunori Seo
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yumiko Takebayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamiya
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Michael Riemann
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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36
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Bruisson S, Maillot P, Schellenbaum P, Walter B, Gindro K, Deglène-Benbrahim L. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis stimulates key genes of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and stilbenoid production in grapevine leaves in response to downy mildew and grey mould infection. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 131:92-99. [PMID: 27623505 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis spp) is susceptible to serious fungal diseases usually controlled by chemical treatments. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate plant symbionts which can stimulate plant defences. We investigated the effect of mycorrhization on grapevine stilbenoid defences. Vitis vinifera cvs Chasselas, Pinot noir and the interspecific hybrid Divico, on the rootstock 41B, were mycorrhized with Rhizophagus irregularis before leaf infection by Plasmopara viticola or Botrytis cinerea. Gene expression analysis showed an up-regulation of PAL, STS, and ROMT, involved in the stilbenoid biosynthesis pathway, in plant leaves, 48 h after pathogen inoculation. This defense response could be potentiated under AMF colonization, with an intensity level depending on the gene, the plant cultivar and/or the pathogen. We also showed that higher amounts of active forms of stilbenoids (i.e trans-form of resveratrol, ε- and δ-viniferins and pterostilbene) were produced in mycorrhized plants of the three genotypes in comparison with non-mycorrhized ones, 10 days post-inoculation with either pathogen. These results support the hypothesis that AMF root colonization enhances defence reactions against a biotrophic and a necrotrophic pathogen, in the aerial parts of grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bruisson
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68008 Colmar Cedex, France
| | - Pascale Maillot
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68008 Colmar Cedex, France
| | - Paul Schellenbaum
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68008 Colmar Cedex, France
| | - Bernard Walter
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68008 Colmar Cedex, France
| | - Katia Gindro
- Agroscope, Institute for Plant Production Sciences IPS, Mycology and Biotechnology, Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Deglène-Benbrahim
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68008 Colmar Cedex, France.
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Oerke EC, Herzog K, Toepfer R. Hyperspectral phenotyping of the reaction of grapevine genotypes to Plasmopara viticola. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5529-5543. [PMID: 27567365 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A major aim in grapevine breeding is the provision of cultivars resistant to downy mildew. As Plasmopara viticola produces sporangia on the abaxial surface of susceptible cultivars, disease symptoms on both leaf sides may be detected and quantified by technical sensors. The response of cultivars 'Mueller-Thurgau', 'Regent', and 'Solaris', which differ in resistance to P. viticola, was characterized under controlled conditions by using hyperspectral sensors. Spectral reflectance was suitable to differentiate between non-infected cultivars and leaf sides of the bicolored grapevine. Brown discoloration of tissue became visible on both leaf sides of resistant cultivars 2 days before downy mildew symptoms appeared on the susceptible 'Mueller-Thurgau' cultivar. Infection of this cultivar resulted in significant (P<0.05) reflectance changes 1-2 days prior to abaxial sporulation induced by high relative humidity, or the formation of adaxial oil spots. Hyperspectral imaging was more sensitive in disease detection than non-imaging and provided spatial information on the leaf level. Spectral indices provided information on the variability of chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activity, and relative water content of leaf tissue in time and space. On 'Mueller-Thurgau' downy mildew translated reflectance to higher values as detectable by the index DMI_3=(R470+R682+R800)/(R800/R682) and affected reflectance at 1450nm. Tissue discoloration on 'Regent' and 'Solaris' cultivars was associated with lower reflectance between 750 and 900nm; blue and red reflectance demonstrated differences from leaf necroses. With high inoculum densities, P. viticola sporulated on even resistant cultivars. Hyperspectral characterization at the tissue level proved suitable for phenotyping plant resistance to pathogens and provided information on resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich-Christian Oerke
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, INRES - Plant Diseases and Crop Protection, Meckenheimer Allee 166a, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Herzog
- Julius Kuehn-Institute Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Toepfer
- Julius Kuehn-Institute Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
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Piñeiro Z, Marrufo-Curtido A, Serrano MJ, Palma M. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Stilbenes from Grape Canes. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060784. [PMID: 27322224 PMCID: PMC6274074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An analytical ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method has been optimized and validated for the rapid extraction of stilbenes from grape canes. The influence of sample pre-treatment (oven or freeze-drying) and several extraction variables (solvent, sample-solvent ratio and extraction time between others) on the extraction process were analyzed. The new method allowed the main stilbenes in grape canes to be extracted in just 10 min, with an extraction temperature of 75 °C and 60% ethanol in water as the extraction solvent. Validation of the extraction method was based on analytical properties. The resulting RSDs (n = 5) for interday/intraday precision were less than 10%. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied in the analysis of 20 different grape cane samples. The result showed that grape cane byproducts are potentially sources of bioactive compounds of interest for pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Piñeiro
- IFAPA Rancho de la Merced, Carretera de Trebujena, Km. 2.2, Apdo. 589, Jerez de la Frontera 11471, Spain.
| | - Almudena Marrufo-Curtido
- IFAPA Rancho de la Merced, Carretera de Trebujena, Km. 2.2, Apdo. 589, Jerez de la Frontera 11471, Spain.
| | - Maria Jose Serrano
- IFAPA Rancho de la Merced, Carretera de Trebujena, Km. 2.2, Apdo. 589, Jerez de la Frontera 11471, Spain.
| | - Miguel Palma
- Departamento de Química Analítica, IVAGRO, Universidad de Cadiz, Apdo. 40, Puerto Real 11510, Spain.
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Jian W, He D, Xi P, Li X. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel fluorine-containing stilbene derivatives as fungicidal agents against phytopathogenic fungi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9963-9. [PMID: 26515556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The rising development of resistance to conventional fungicides is driving the search for new alternative candidates to control plant diseases. In this study, a series of new fluorine-containing stilbene derivatives was synthesized on the basis of our previous quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis results. Bioassays in vivo revealed that the title compounds exhibited potent fungicidal activities against phytopathogenic fungi (Colletotrichum lagenarium and Pseudoperonospora cubensis) from cucumber plants. In comparison to the previous results, the introduction of a fluorine moiety showed improved activities of some compounds against those fungi. Notably, compound 9 exhibited a control efficacy against C. lagenarium (83.4 ± 1.3%) comparable to that of commercial fungicide (82.7 ± 1.7%). For further understanding the possible mode of action of the stilbene against C. lagenarium, the effects on hyphal morphology, electrolyte leakage, and respiration of mycelial cell suspension were studied. Microscopic observation showed considerably deformed mycelial morphology. The conductivity of mycelial suspension increased in the presence of compound 9, whereas no significantly inhibitory effect on respiration was observed. Taken together, the fungicidal mechanism of this stilbene is associated with its membrane disruption effect, resulting in increased membrane permeability. These results provide important clues for mechanistic study and derivatization of stilbenes as alternative sources of fungicidal agents for plant disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Jian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Daohang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
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Houillé B, Besseau S, Delanoue G, Oudin A, Papon N, Clastre M, Simkin AJ, Guérin L, Courdavault V, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Lanoue A. Composition and Tissue-Specific Distribution of Stilbenoids in Grape Canes Are Affected by Downy Mildew Pressure in the Vineyard. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8472-8477. [PMID: 26373576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Grape canes are byproducts of viticulture containing valuable bioactive stilbenoids including monomers and oligomers of E-resveratrol. Although effective contents in stilbenoids are known to be highly variable, the determining factors influencing this composition remain poorly understood. As stilbenoids are locally induced defense compounds in response to phytopathogens, this study assessed the impact of downy mildew infection during the growing season on the stilbenoid composition of winter-harvested grape canes. The spatial distribution between pith, conducting tissues, and cortex of E-piceatannol, E-resveratrol, E-ε-viniferin, ampelopsin A, E-miyabenol C, Z/E-vitisin B, hopeaphenol, and isohopeaphenol in grape canes from infected vineyards was strongly altered. In conducting tissues, representing the main site of stilbenoid accumulation, E-ε-viniferin content was higher and E-resveratrol content was lower. These findings suppose that the health status in vineyards could modify the composition of stilbenoids in winter-harvested grape canes and subsequently the potential biological properties of the valuable extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Houillé
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Besseau
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Delanoue
- Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Tours , F-37400 Amboise, France
| | - Audrey Oudin
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Marc Clastre
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Andrew John Simkin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex , Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Guérin
- Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Tours , F-37400 Amboise, France
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc'h
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université François-Rabelais de Tours , F-37200 Tours, France
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Algarra Alarcon A, Lazazzara V, Cappellin L, Bianchedi PL, Schuhmacher R, Wohlfahrt G, Pertot I, Biasioli F, Perazzolli M. Emission of volatile sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes in grapevine genotypes following Plasmopara viticola inoculation in vitro. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:1013-1022. [PMID: 28338277 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops globally, and one of its most important diseases in terms of economic losses is downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola. Several wild Vitis species have been found to be resistant to this pathogen and have been used in breeding programs to introduce resistance traits to susceptible cultivars. Plant defense is based on different mechanisms, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a major role in the response to insects and pathogens. Although grapevine resistance mechanisms and the production of secondary metabolites have been widely characterized in resistant genotypes, the emission of VOCs has not yet been investigated following P. viticola inoculation. A Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) was used to analyze the VOCs emitted by in vitro-grown plants of grapevine genotypes with different levels of resistance. Downy mildew inoculation significantly increased the emission of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes by the resistant SO4 and Kober 5BB genotypes, but not by the susceptible V. vinifera Pinot noir. Volatile terpenes were implicated in plant defense responses against pathogens, suggesting that they could play a major role in the resistance against downy mildew by direct toxicity or by inducing grapevine resistance. The grapevine genotypes differed in terms of the VOC emission pattern of both inoculated and uninoculated plants, indicating that PTR-ToF-MS could be used to screen hybrids with different levels of downy mildew resistance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Algarra Alarcon
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Valentina Lazazzara
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Luca Cappellin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Bianchedi
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- European Academy Bolzano, Drususallee 1, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pertot
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Michele Perazzolli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele all'Adige, Italy
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Jasmonates elicit different sets of stilbenes in Vitis vinifera cv. Negramaro cell cultures. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:49. [PMID: 25674504 PMCID: PMC4320690 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The plant phenol trans-resveratrol, which is mainly found in grape, displays a wide range of biological effects. A cell suspension culture was developed from calli of grape leaves of Vitis vinifera cv. Negramaro in order to study the bioproduction of resveratrol. The effects of a number of secondary plant metabolism elicitors, namely chitosan, methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid, coronatine, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, were tested on this cell suspension culture. The identification and quantification of stilbenes was achieved with high performance liquid chromatography, with both spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection. Of the tested elicitors, methyl jasmonate was the most effective in inducing the biosynthesis of approximately 4 mg g−1 dry weight (about 60 mg L−1) of resveratrol. Conversely, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, jasmonic acid, and coronatine were able to trigger the synthesis of approximately 20 mg g−1 dry weight (200–210 mg L−1) of viniferins. Taken together, our results show for the first time different modulatory effects of closely-related jasmonates on stilbene biosynthesis.
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Liu R, Wang L, Zhu J, Chen T, Wang Y, Xu Y. Histological responses to downy mildew in resistant and susceptible grapevines. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:259-70. [PMID: 25027553 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Downy mildew in grapevines, caused by Plasmopara viticola, is a very serious disease throughout the grape-producing nations, especially in more humid climates. Downy mildew mainly affects the cultivated varieties of Vitis vinifera. A promising way to minimize or eliminate P. viticola infections is by the adoption of resistant cultivars. Chinese wild grapevines are reported to possess resistance to many fungal diseases. In this study, three Chinese wild grapevines (Vitis pseudoreticulata Baihe-35-1, Vitis davidii var. cyanocarpa Langao-5, and Vitis piasezkii Liuba-8) and a European cultivated variety (V. vinifera cv. Pinot noir) were inoculated with P. viticola, and a histological survey was undertaken. Macroscopic observations revealed no sporulation in V. piasezkii Liuba-8, little sporulation in V. pseudoreticulata Baihe-35-1 and V. davidii var. cyanocarpa Langao-5, but serious sporulation in V. vinifera cv. Pinot noir. Aniline blue staining indicated callose deposition in V. pseudoreticulata Baihe-35-1, V. davidii var. cyanocarpa Langao-5, and V. piasezkii Liuba-8. Cells with distinctive fluorescence were also observed in V. pseudoreticulata Baihe-35-1. After staining with 3,3-diaminobenzidine, production of H₂O₂ was observed early on, after infection in V. davidii var. cyanocarpa Langao-5 and V. piasezkii Liuba-8. No H₂O₂ accumulation was observed in V. vinifera cv. Pinot noir. It is concluded that V. piasezkii Liuba-8 should be classified as "highly resistant" to downy mildew, V. pseudoreticulata Baihe-35-1 and V. davidii var. cyanocarpa Langao-5 as "resistant," and V. vinifera Pinot noir as "susceptible." The possible roles of stomatal callose deposition in the defense r6eactions of the mildew-resistant grapevines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Becker L, Carré V, Poutaraud A, Merdinoglu D, Chaimbault P. MALDI mass spectrometry imaging for the simultaneous location of resveratrol, pterostilbene and viniferins on grapevine leaves. Molecules 2014; 19:10587-600. [PMID: 25050857 PMCID: PMC6271053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190710587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the in-situ response to a stress, grapevine leaves have been subjected to mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) experiments. The Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation (MALDI) approach using different matrices has been evaluated. Among all the tested matrices, the 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) was found to be the most efficient matrix allowing a broader range of detected stilbene phytoalexins. Resveratrol, but also more toxic compounds against fungi such as pterostilbene and viniferins, were identified and mapped. Their spatial distributions on grapevine leaves irradiated by UV show their specific colocation around the veins. Moreover, MALDI MSI reveals that resveratrol (and piceids) and viniferins are not specifically located on the same area when leaves are infected by Plasmopara viticola. Results obtained by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging demonstrate that this technique would be essential to improve the level of knowledge concerning the role of the stilbene phytoalexins involved in a stress event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Becker
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), Institut Jean Barriol (FR 2843), Université de Lorraine, ICPM 1 Boulevard Arago, F-57078 Metz, France.
| | - Vincent Carré
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), Institut Jean Barriol (FR 2843), Université de Lorraine, ICPM 1 Boulevard Arago, F-57078 Metz, France.
| | - Anne Poutaraud
- Institut National de Recherche en Agronomie (INRA) - Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin (UMR 1131), 28 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68021 Colmar, France.
| | - Didier Merdinoglu
- Institut National de Recherche en Agronomie (INRA) - Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin (UMR 1131), 28 rue de Herrlisheim, F-68021 Colmar, France.
| | - Patrick Chaimbault
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi échelle des Milieux Complexes (LCP-A2MC), Institut Jean Barriol (FR 2843), Université de Lorraine, ICPM 1 Boulevard Arago, F-57078 Metz, France.
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Lambert C, Khiook ILK, Lucas S, Télef-Micouleau N, Mérillon JM, Cluzet S. A faster and a stronger defense response: one of the key elements in grapevine explaining its lower level of susceptibility to Esca? PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2013; 103:1028-34. [PMID: 23617335 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-12-0305-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Wood diseases like Esca are among the most damaging afflictions in grapevine. The defense mechanisms in this plant-pathogen interaction are not well understood. As some grapevine cultivars have been observed to be less susceptible to Esca than others, understanding the factors involved in this potentially stronger defense response can be of great interest. To lift part of this veil, we elicited Vitis vinifera plants of two cultivars less susceptible to Esca ('Merlot' and 'Carignan') and of one susceptible cultivar ('Cabernet Sauvignon'), and monitored their defense responses at the leaf level. Our model of elicitation consisted in grapevine cuttings absorbing a culture filtrate of one causal agent of Esca, Phaemoniella chlamydospora. This model might reflect the early events occurring in Esca-affected grapevines. The two least susceptible cultivars showed an earlier and stronger defense response than the susceptible one, particularly with regard to induction of the PAL and STS genes, and a higher accumulation of stilbene compounds and some pathogenesis-related proteins.
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Schnee S, Queiroz EF, Voinesco F, Marcourt L, Dubuis PH, Wolfender JL, Gindro K. Vitis vinifera canes, a new source of antifungal compounds against Plasmopara viticola, Erysiphe necator, and Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5459-67. [PMID: 23730921 DOI: 10.1021/jf4010252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts of Vitis vinifera canes exhibited significant antifungal activity against the three major fungal pathogens affecting grapevines, Plasmopara viticola, Erysiphe necator and Botrytis cinerea. The active extracts were analyzed by LC-PDA-ESI-MS, and selected compounds were identified. Efficient targeted isolation using medium-pressure liquid chromatography afforded six pure constituents in one step. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by NMR and HRMS. Six identified compounds (ampelopsin A, hopeaphenol, trans-resveratrol, ampelopsin H, ε-viniferin, and E-vitisin B) presented antifungal activities against P. viticola. ε-Viniferin also exhibited a low antifungal activity against B. cinerea. None of the identified compounds inhibited the germination of E. necator. The potential to develop a novel natural fungicide against the three major fungal pathogens affecting V. vinifera from viticulture waste material is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Schnee
- Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope Changins Wädenswil ACW, Route de Duiller 50, PO Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
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Latouche G, Bellow S, Poutaraud A, Meyer S, Cerovic ZG. Influence of constitutive phenolic compounds on the response of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves to infection by Plasmopara viticola. PLANTA 2013; 237:351-361. [PMID: 23080015 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids are known to contribute to plant resistance against pathogens, but there are few reports on the implication of flavonols in the resistance of grapevine against Plasmopara viticola, and none on the involvement of hydroxycinnamic acids. In order to analyze the effect of flavonols on P. viticola infection, variable amounts of flavonols were induced by different light conditions in otherwise phenologically identical leaves. Differences in content of leaf hydroxycinnamic acids were induced at the same time. A non-invasive monitoring of flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids was performed with Dualex leaf-clip optical sensors. Whatever the light condition, there were no significant changes in flavonol or in hydroxycinnamic acid contents for control and inoculated leaves during the development of P. viticola until 6 days after inoculation. The violet-blue autofluorescence of stilbenes, the main phytoalexins of grapevine that accumulate in inoculated leaves, was used as an indicator of infection by P. viticola. The implication of leaf constitutive flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids in the defence of Vitis vinifera against P. viticola could be investigated in vivo thanks to this indicator. The increase in stilbene violet-blue autofluorescence started earlier for leaves with low flavonol content than for leaves with higher content, suggesting that constitutive flavonols are able to slow down the infection by P. viticola. On the contrary, constitutive hydroxycinnamic acids did not seem to play a role in defence against P. viticola. The non-destructive nature of the methods used alleviates the major problem of destructive experiments: the large variability in leaf phenolic contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendal Latouche
- Laboratoire Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, UMR8079, Univ Paris-Sud, Bât 362, 91405 Orsay, France.
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Gindro K, Berger V, Godard S, Voinesco F, Schnee S, Viret O, Alonso-Villaverde V. Protease inhibitors decrease the resistance of Vitaceae to Plasmopara viticola. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 60:74-80. [PMID: 22906813 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmopara viticola must successfully infect susceptible grapevine cultivars to complete its biological cycle. In resistant grapevine varieties, P. viticola is blocked by the activation of defense mechanisms; these defense mechanisms produce hypersensitive reactions, which are related to programmed cell death. In animals, programmed cell death is dependent on caspase activities. In plants, different caspase-like proteases assume the same functions. To examine the roles of caspase-like proteases in P. viticola-grapevine interactions, three varieties of grapevine with different levels of P. viticola resistance were chosen. These grapevine varieties were treated with either PMSF, a serine protease inhibitor, or E-64, a cysteine protease inhibitor. The development of the pathogen was followed microscopically, and the plant defense reactions were estimated through stilbene quantification. Both protease inhibitor treatments increased the infection rate in the resistant and immune varieties, diminished the production of toxic stilbenes and changed the level of the plants' susceptibility to the pathogen. In particular, after either protease treatment, the cultivar that was originally immune became resistant (hyphae and haustoria were observed), the resistant cultivar reached the level of a susceptible cultivar (sporulation was observed) and the susceptible cultivar became more sensitive (P. viticola colonized the entirety of the leaf mesophyll).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Gindro
- Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil, Route de Duillier, P.O. Box 1012, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
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Bellow S, Latouche G, Brown SC, Poutaraud A, Cerovic ZG. In vivo localization at the cellular level of stilbene fluorescence induced by Plasmopara viticola in grapevine leaves. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:3697-707. [PMID: 22412183 PMCID: PMC3388817 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Accurate localization of phytoalexins is a key for better understanding their role. This work aims to localize stilbenes, the main phytoalexins of grapevine. The cellular localization of stilbene fluorescence induced by Plasmopara viticola, the agent of downy mildew, was determined in grapevine leaves of very susceptible, susceptible, and partially resistant genotypes during infection. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and microspectrofluorimetry were used to acquire UV-excited autofluorescence three-dimensional images and spectra of grapevine leaves 5-6 days after inoculation. This noninvasive technique of investigation in vivo was completed with in vitro spectrofluorimetric studies on pure stilbenes as their fluorescence is largely affected by the physicochemical environment in various leaf compartments. Viscosity was the major physicochemical factor influencing stilbene fluorescence intensity, modifying fluorescence yield by more than two orders of magnitude. Striking differences in the localization of stilbene fluorescence induced by P. viticola were observed between the different genotypes. All inoculated genotypes displayed stilbene fluorescence in cell walls of guard cells and periclinal cell walls of epidermal cells. Higher fluorescence intensity was observed in guard-cell walls than in any other compartment due to increased local viscosity. In addition stilbene fluorescence was found in epidermal cell vacuoles of the susceptible genotype and in the infected spongy parenchyma of the partially resistant genotype. The very susceptible genotype was devoid of fluorescence both in the epidermal vacuoles and the mesophyll. This strongly suggests that the resistance of grapevine leaves to P. viticola is correlated with the pattern of localization of induced stilbenes in host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bellow
- Univ Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Écologie Systématique et Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Bât. 362, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gwendal Latouche
- Univ Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Écologie Systématique et Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Bât. 362, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Spencer C. Brown
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS UPR 2355 & FRC3115, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anne Poutaraud
- INRA, UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Zoran G. Cerovic
- Univ Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Écologie Systématique et Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Bât. 362, 91405 Orsay, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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