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Bettini A, Camelliti P, Stuckey DJ, Day RM. Injectable biodegradable microcarriers for iPSC expansion and cardiomyocyte differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404355. [PMID: 38900068 PMCID: PMC11348074 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy is a potential novel treatment for cardiac regeneration and numerous studies have attempted to transplant cells to regenerate the myocardium lost during myocardial infarction. To date, only minimal improvements to cardiac function have been reported. This is likely to be the result of low cell retention and survival following transplantation. This study aimed to improve the delivery and engraftment of viable cells by using an injectable microcarrier that provides an implantable, biodegradable substrate for attachment and growth of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We describe the fabrication and characterisation of Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) microcarriers and their surface modification to enable iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte attachment in xeno-free conditions is described. The selected formulation resulted in iPSC attachment, expansion, and retention of pluripotent phenotype. Differentiation of iPSC into cardiomyocytes on the microcarriers is investigated in comparison with culture on 2D tissue culture plastic surfaces. Microcarrier culture is shown to support culture of a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype, be compatible with injectable delivery, and reduce anoikis. The findings from this study demonstrate that TIPS microcarriers provide a supporting matrix for culturing iPSC and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro and are suitable as an injectable cell-substrate for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bettini
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
| | - Patrizia Camelliti
- School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUK
| | - Daniel J. Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Richard M. Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
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2
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Pottmeier P, Nikolantonaki D, Lanner F, Peuckert C, Jazin E. Sex-biased gene expression during neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1341373. [PMID: 38764741 PMCID: PMC11101176 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1341373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in the developing human brain are primarily attributed to hormonal influence. Recently however, genetic differences and their impact on the developing nervous system have attracted increased attention. To understand genetically driven sexual dimorphisms in neurodevelopment, we investigated genome-wide gene expression in an in vitro differentiation model of male and female human embryonic stem cell lines (hESC), independent of the effects of human sex hormones. Four male and four female-derived hESC lines were differentiated into a population of mixed neurons over 37 days. Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses were conducted on bulk RNA sequencing data. While similar differentiation tendencies in all cell lines demonstrated the robustness and reproducibility of our differentiation protocol, we found sex-biased gene expression already in undifferentiated ESCs at day 0, but most profoundly after 37 days of differentiation. Male and female cell lines exhibited sex-biased expression of genes involved in neurodevelopment, suggesting that sex influences the differentiation trajectory. Interestingly, the highest contribution to sex differences was found to arise from the male transcriptome, involving both Y chromosome and autosomal genes. We propose 13 sex-biased candidate genes (10 upregulated in male cell lines and 3 in female lines) that are likely to affect neuronal development. Additionally, we confirmed gene dosage compensation of X/Y homologs escaping X chromosome inactivation through their Y homologs and identified a significant overexpression of the Y-linked demethylase UTY and KDM5D in male hESC during neuron development, confirming previous results in neural stem cells. Our results suggest that genetic sex differences affect neuronal differentiation trajectories, which could ultimately contribute to sex biases during human brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pottmeier
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danai Nikolantonaki
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Lanner
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christiane Peuckert
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Jazin
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Beltran AS. Novel Approaches to Studying SLC13A5 Disease. Metabolites 2024; 14:84. [PMID: 38392976 PMCID: PMC10890222 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the sodium citrate transporter (NaCT) SLC13A5 is multifaceted and context-dependent. While aberrant dysfunction leads to neonatal epilepsy, its therapeutic inhibition protects against metabolic disease. Notably, insights regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena are limited due to the intricacy and complexity of the latent human physiology, which is poorly captured by existing animal models. This review explores innovative technologies aimed at bridging such a knowledge gap. First, I provide an overview of SLC13A5 variants in the context of human disease and the specific cell types where the expression of the transporter has been observed. Next, I discuss current technologies for generating patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their inherent advantages and limitations, followed by a summary of the methods for differentiating iPSCs into neurons, hepatocytes, and organoids. Finally, I explore the relevance of these cellular models as platforms for delving into the intricate molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying SLC13A5-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana S Beltran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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4
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Fey C, Truschel T, Nehlsen K, Damigos S, Horstmann J, Stradal T, May T, Metzger M, Zdzieblo D. Enhancing pre-clinical research with simplified intestinal cell line models. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241228949. [PMID: 38449469 PMCID: PMC10916479 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241228949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional culture remains widely employed to determine the bioavailability of orally delivered drugs. To gain more knowledge about drug uptake mechanisms and risk assessment for the patient after oral drug admission, intestinal in vitro models demonstrating a closer similarity to the in vivo situation are needed. In particular, Caco-2 cell-based Transwell® models show advantages as they are reproducible, cost-efficient, and standardized. However, cellular complexity is impaired and cell function is strongly modified as important transporters in the apical membrane are missing. To overcome these limitations, primary organoid-based human small intestinal tissue models were developed recently but the application of these cultures in pre-clinical research still represents an enormous challenge, as culture setup is complex as well as time- and cost-intensive. To overcome these hurdles, we demonstrate the establishment of primary organoid-derived intestinal cell lines by immortalization. Besides exhibiting cellular diversity of the organoid, these immortalized cell lines enable a standardized and more cost-efficient culture. Further, our cell line-based Transwell®-like models display an organ-specific epithelial barrier integrity, ultrastructural features and representative transport functions. Altogether, our novel model systems are cost-efficient with close similarity to the in vivo situation, therefore favoring their use in bioavailability studies in the context of pre-clinical screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Fey
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies (TLZ-RT) Würzburg, Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Spyridon Damigos
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Horstmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Marco Metzger
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies (TLZ-RT) Würzburg, Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zdzieblo
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies (TLZ-RT) Würzburg, Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Project Center for Stem Cell Process Engineering (PZ-SPT), Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Barker RA, Carpenter M, Jamieson CHM, Murry CE, Pellegrini G, Rao RC, Song J. Lessons learnt, and still to learn, in first in human stem cell trials. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1599-1609. [PMID: 36563687 PMCID: PMC10444539 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing cellular therapies is not straightforward. This Perspective summarizes the experience of a group of academic stem cell investigators working in different clinical areas and aims to share insight into what we wished we knew before starting. These include (1) choosing the stem cell line and assessing the genome of both the starting and final product, (2) familiarity with GMP manufacturing, reagent validation, and supply chain management, (3) product delivery issues and the additional regulatory challenges, (4) the relationship between clinical trial design and preclinical studies, and (5) the market approval requirements, pathways, and partnerships needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Barker
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Institute, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | | | - Catriona H M Jamieson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center, University of California San Diego, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive #0695, La Jolla, CA 92037-0695, USA
| | - Charles E Murry
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology; Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Bioengineering, and Medicine/Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Sana Biotechnology, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Rajesh C Rao
- Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Surgery Service, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jihwan Song
- Jihwan Song, Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea; iPS Bio, Inc., 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
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Silva-Pedrosa R, Salgado AJ, Ferreira PE. Revolutionizing Disease Modeling: The Emergence of Organoids in Cellular Systems. Cells 2023; 12:930. [PMID: 36980271 PMCID: PMC10047824 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with post-mortem studies and the costs associated with researching animal models. The capability of cell reprogramming, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology, solved the complications associated with human embryonic stem cells (hESC) usage. Moreover, iPSCs made significant contributions for human medicine, such as in diagnosis, therapeutic and regenerative medicine. The two-dimensional (2D) models allowed for monolayer cellular culture in vitro; however, they were surpassed by the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system. The 3D cell culture provides higher cell-cell contact and a multi-layered cell culture, which more closely respects cellular morphology and polarity. It is more tightly able to resemble conditions in vivo and a closer approach to the architecture of human tissues, such as human organoids. Organoids are 3D cellular structures that mimic the architecture and function of native tissues. They are generated in vitro from stem cells or differentiated cells, such as epithelial or neural cells, and are used to study organ development, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Organoids have become a powerful tool for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human physiology, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of cancer, metabolic diseases, and brain disorders. Although organoid technology is up-and-coming, it also has some limitations that require improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Silva-Pedrosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.J.S.); (P.E.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - António José Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.J.S.); (P.E.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Eduardo Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.J.S.); (P.E.F.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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7
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Chu SL, Sudo K, Yokota H, Abe K, Nakamura Y, Tsai MD. Human induced pluripotent stem cell formation and morphology prediction during reprogramming with time-lapse bright-field microscopy images using deep learning methods. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 229:107264. [PMID: 36473419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent an ideal source for patient specific cell-based regenerative medicine; however, efficiency of hiPSC formation from reprogramming cells is low. We use several deep-learning results from time-lapse brightfield microscopy images during culture, to early detect the cells potentially reprogramming into hiPSCs and predict the colony morphology of these cells for improving efficiency of culturing a new hiPSC line. METHODS Sets of time-lapse bright-field images are taken to track reprogramming process of CD34+ cells biologically identified as just beginning reprogramming. Prior the experiment, 9 classes of templates with distinct cell features clipped from microscopy images at various reprogramming stages are used to train a CNN model. The CNN is then used to classify a microscopy image as probability images of these classes. Probability images of some class are used to train a densely connected convolutional network for extracting regions of this class on a microscopy image. A U-net is trained to segment cells on the time-lapse images in early reprogramming stage during culture. The segmented cells are classified by the extracted regions to count various types of cells appearing in the early reprogramming stage for predicting the identified cells potentially forming hiPSCs. The probability images of hiPSC classes are also used to train a spatiotemporal RNN for predicting the future hiPSC colony morphology of the potential cells. RESULTS Experimental results show the prediction (before 7 days after of beginning of the reprogramming) achieved 0.8 accuracy, and 66% of the identified cells under different culture conditions, predicted as forming, finally formed hiPSCs. The predicted hiPSC images and extracted colonies on the images show the prediction for future 1.5 days achieved high accuracy of hiPSC colony areas and image similarity. CONCLUSIONS Our study proposes a method using several deep learning models to efficiently select the reprogramming cells possibly forming hiPSCs and to predict the shapes of growing hiPSC colonies. The proposed method is expected to improve the efficiency when establishing a new hiPSC line culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slo-Li Chu
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zongbei RD., Zongli Dist., Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan
| | - Kazuhiro Sudo
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Hideo Yokota
- Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kuniya Abe
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Ming-Dar Tsai
- Department of Information and Computer Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zongbei RD., Zongli Dist., Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan.
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8
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Malihi G, Nikoui V, Elson EL. A review on qualifications and cost effectiveness of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs)-induced cardiomyocytes in drug screening tests. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:131-142. [PMID: 32783745 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1802600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) have initiated a higher degree of successes in disease modelling, preclinical evaluation of drug therapy and pharmaco-toxicological testing. Since the discovery of iPSCs in 2006, many advanced techniques have been introduced to differentiate iPSCs to cardiomyocytes, which have been progressively improved. The disease models from iPSC-induced cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) have been successfully helping to study a variety of cardiac diseases such as long QT syndrome, drug-induced long QT, different cardiomyopathies related to mutations in mitochondria or desmosomal proteins and other rare genetic diseases. IPSC-CMs have also been used to screen the role of chemicals in cardiovascular drug discovery and individualisation of drug dosages. In this review, the quality of current procedures for characterisation and maturation of iPSC-CM lines will be discussed. Also, we will focus on time efficiency and cost of standard differentiation methods after reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahid Nikoui
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elliot L Elson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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9
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Liu Y, Bertels S, Reischl M, Peravali R, Bastmeyer M, Popova AA, Levkin PA. Droplet Microarray Based Screening Identifies Proteins for Maintaining Pluripotency of hiPSCs. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200718. [PMID: 35799451 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are crucial for disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. Animal-derived materials hinderapplications of hiPSCs in medical fields. Thus, novel and well-defined substrate coatings capable of maintaining hiPSC pluripotency are important for advancing biomedical applications of hiPSCs. Here a miniaturized droplet microarray (DMA) platform to investigate 11 well-defined proteins, their 55 binary and 165 ternary combinations for their ability to maintainpluripotency of hiPSCs when applied as a surface coating, is used. Using this screening approach, ten protein group coatings are identified, which promote significantly higher NANOG expression of hiPSCs in comparison with Matrigel coating. With two of the identified coatings, long-term pluripotency maintenance of hiPSCs and subsequent differentiation into three germ layers are achieved. Compared with conventional high-throughput screening (HTS) in 96-well plates, the DMA platform uses only 83 µL of protein solution (0.83 µg total protein) and only ≈2.8 × 105 cells, decreasing the amount of proteins and cells ≈860 and 25-fold, respectively. The identified proteins will be essential for research and applications using hiPSCs, while the DMA platform demonstrates great potential for miniaturized HTS of scarce cells or expensive materials such as recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Liu
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sarah Bertels
- Zoological Institute, Cell- and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Reischl
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ravindra Peravali
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Bastmeyer
- Zoological Institute, Cell- and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Anna A Popova
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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10
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Minter-Dykhouse K, Nelson TJ, Folmes CD. Uncoupling of Proliferative Capacity from Developmental Stage During Directed Cardiac Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:521-528. [PMID: 35726436 PMCID: PMC9641990 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage-specific differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into cardiomyocytes (CMs) offers a patient-specific model to dissect development and disease pathogenesis in a dish. However, challenges exist with this model system, such as the relative immaturity of iPSC-derived CMs, which evoke the question of whether this model faithfully recapitulates in vivo cardiac development. As in vivo cardiac developmental stage is intimately linked with the proliferative capacity (or maturation is inversely correlated to proliferative capacity), we sought to understand how proliferation is regulated during hiPSC CM differentiation and how it compares with in vivo mouse cardiac development. Using standard Chemically Defined Media 3 differentiation, gene expression profiles demonstrate that hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) do not progress past the equivalent of embryonic day 14.5 of murine cardiac development. Throughout differentiation, overall DNA synthesis rapidly declines with <5% of hiPSC-CMs actively synthesizing DNA at the end of the differentiation period despite their immaturity. Bivariate cell cycle analysis demonstrated that hiPSC-CMs have a cell cycle profile distinct from their non-cardiac counterparts from the same differentiation, with significantly fewer cells within G1 and a marked accumulation of cells in G2/M than their non-cardiac counterparts throughout differentiation. Pulse-chase analysis demonstrated that non-cardiac cells progressed completely through the cell cycle within a 24-h period, whereas hiPSC-CMs had restricted progression with only a small proportion of cells undergoing cytokinesis with the remainder stalling in late S-phase or G2/M. This cell cycle arrest phenotype is associated with abbreviated expression of cell cycle promoting genes compared with expression throughout murine embryonic cardiac development. In summary, directed differentiation of hiPSCs into CMs uncouples the developmental stage from cell cycle regulation compared with in vivo mouse cardiac development, leading to a premature exit of hiPSC-CMs from the cell cycle despite their relative immaturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Minter-Dykhouse
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Metabolism Laboratory, Departments of Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Timothy J. Nelson
- Todd and Karen Wanek Family Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Departments of General Internal Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Clifford D.L. Folmes
- Address correspondence to: Clifford D. L. Folmes, PhD, Stem Cell and Regenerative Metabolism Laboratory, Departments of Cardiovascular Diseases, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
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Azari Matin A, Fattah K, Saeidpour Masouleh S, Tavakoli R, Houshmandkia SA, Moliani A, Moghimimonfared R, Pakzad S, Dalir Abdolahinia E. Synthetic electrospun nanofibers as a supportive matrix in osteogenic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1469-1493. [PMID: 35321624 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2056941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Continuous remodeling is not able to repair large bone defects. Bone tissue engineering is aimed to repair these defects by creating bone grafts. To do this, several technologies and biomaterials have been employed to fabricate an in vivo-like supportive matrix. Electrospinning is a versatile technique to fabricate porous matrices with interconnected pores and high surface area, replicating in vivo microenvironment. Electrospun scaffolds have been used in a large number of studies to provide a matrix for bone regeneration and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Electrospinning uses both natural and synthetic polymers, either alone or in combination, to fabricate scaffolds. Among them, synthetic polymers have had a great promise in bone regeneration and repair. They allow the fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds with high mechanical properties, suitable for bone engineering. Furthermore, several attempts have done to increase the osteogenic properties of these scaffolds. This paper reviewed the potential of synthetic electrospun scaffolds in osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs. In addition, the approaches to improve the osteogenic differentiation of these scaffolds are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Azari Matin
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Khashayar Fattah
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Tavakoli
- Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Moliani
- Isfahan Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Moghimimonfared
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Pakzad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Disease-associated Mutations in Topoisomerase IIβ Result in Defective NK cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:2171-2176.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Xian S, Dosset M, Almanza G, Searles S, Sahani P, Waller TC, Jepsen K, Carter H, Zanetti M. The unfolded protein response links tumor aneuploidy to local immune dysregulation. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52509. [PMID: 34698427 PMCID: PMC8647024 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a chromosomal abnormality associated with poor prognosis in many cancer types. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the unfolded protein response (UPR) mechanistically links aneuploidy and local immune dysregulation. Using a single somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) score inclusive of whole‐chromosome, chromosome arm, and focal alterations in a pan‐cancer analysis of 9,375 samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we found an inverse correlation with a cytotoxicity (CYT) score across disease stages. Co‐expression patterns of UPR genes changed substantially between SCNAlow and SCNAhigh groups. Pathway activity scores showed increased activity of multiple branches of the UPR in response to aneuploidy. The PERK branch showed the strongest association with a reduced CYT score. The conditioned medium of aneuploid cells transmitted XBP1 splicing and caused IL‐6 and arginase 1 transcription in receiver bone marrow‐derived macrophages and markedly diminished the production of IFN‐γ and granzyme B in activated human T cells. We propose the UPR as a mechanistic link between aneuploidy and immune dysregulation in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Xian
- Division of Medical Genetics Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Bioinformatics and System Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Magalie Dosset
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gonzalo Almanza
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Searles
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paras Sahani
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - T Cameron Waller
- Division of Medical Genetics Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Bioinformatics and System Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- IGM Genomics Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Carter
- Division of Medical Genetics Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Bioinformatics and System Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maurizio Zanetti
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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14
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Dannemann M, Gallego Romero I. Harnessing pluripotent stem cells as models to decipher human evolution. FEBS J 2021; 289:2992-3010. [PMID: 33876573 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The study of human evolution, long constrained by a lack of experimental model systems, has been transformed by the emergence of the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) field. iPSCs can be readily established from noninvasive tissue sources, from both humans and other primates; they can be maintained in the laboratory indefinitely, and they can be differentiated into other tissue types. These qualities mean that iPSCs are rapidly becoming established as viable and powerful model systems with which it is possible to address questions in human evolution that were until now logistically and ethically intractable, especially in the quest to understand humans' place among the great apes, and the genetic basis of human uniqueness. In this review, we discuss the key lessons and takeaways of this nascent field; from the types of research, iPSCs make possible to lingering challenges and likely future directions. We provide a comprehensive overview of how the seemingly unlikely combination of iPSCs and explicit evolutionary frameworks is transforming what is possible in our understanding of humanity's past and present.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Gallego Romero
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Estonia.,Melbourne Integrative Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Stem Cell Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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15
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Yamasaki AE, Warshaw JN, Kyalwazi BL, Matsui H, Jepsen K, Panopoulos AD. An iPSC line derived from a human acute myeloid leukemia cell line (HL-60-iPSC) retains leukemic abnormalities and displays myeloid differentiation defects. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102096. [PMID: 33370871 PMCID: PMC8031422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-derived iPSCs have provided valuable insight into oncogenesis, but human cancer cells can often be difficult to reprogram, especially in cases of complex genetic abnormalities. Here we report, to our knowledge, the first successful generation of an iPSC line from a human immortalized acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line, the cell line HL-60. This iPSC line retains a majority of the leukemic genotype and displays defects in myeloid differentiation, thus providing a tool for modeling and studying AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Yamasaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jane N Warshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Beverly L Kyalwazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Hiroko Matsui
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Athanasia D Panopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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16
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Theerakittayakorn K, Thi Nguyen H, Musika J, Kunkanjanawan H, Imsoonthornruksa S, Somredngan S, Ketudat-Cairns M, Parnpai R. Differentiation Induction of Human Stem Cells for Corneal Epithelial Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7834. [PMID: 33105778 PMCID: PMC7660084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of corneal epithelium causes vision impairment or blindness in severe cases. Transplantation of corneal epithelial cells is an effective treatment but the availability of the tissue source for those cells is inadequate. Stem cells can be induced to differentiate to corneal epithelial cells and used in the treatment. Multipotent stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) and pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) are promising cells to address the problem. Various protocols have been developed to induce differentiation of the stem cells into corneal epithelial cells. The feasibility and efficacy of both human stem cells and animal stem cells have been investigated for corneal epithelium regeneration. However, some physiological aspects of animal stem cells are different from those of human stem cells, the protocols suited for animal stem cells might not be suitable for human stem cells. Therefore, in this review, only the investigations of corneal epithelial differentiation of human stem cells are taken into account. The available protocols for inducing the differentiation of human stem cells into corneal epithelial cells are gathered and compared. Also, the pathways involving in the differentiation are provided to elucidate the relevant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasem Theerakittayakorn
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Hong Thi Nguyen
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Jidapa Musika
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Hataiwan Kunkanjanawan
- Medeze Research and Development Co., Ltd. 28/9 Moo 8, Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Rd., Krathum Lom, Sam Phran, Nakhon Pathom 73220, Thailand;
| | - Sumeth Imsoonthornruksa
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Sirilak Somredngan
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Mariena Ketudat-Cairns
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
| | - Rangsun Parnpai
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.T.); (H.T.N.); (J.M.); (S.I.); (S.S.); (M.K.-C.)
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17
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Zhu S, Law AHY, Deng R, Poon ENY, Lo CW, Kwong AKY, Liang R, Chan KYK, Wong WL, Tan-Un KC, Pijnappel WWMP, Chan GCF, Chan SHS. Generation of genomic-integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells and the derived cardiomyocytes of X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy from DMD gene mutation. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102040. [PMID: 33099108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We derived an integration-free induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a 23-year-old male patient. This patient carries a 5' splice site point mutation in intron 1 (c.31+1G>A) of the dystrophin gene, a mutation associated with X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy (XLDCM). Sendai virus was used to reprogram the PBMCs and deliver OCT3/4, SOX2, c-MYC, and KLF4 factors. The iPSC line (HKUi002-A) generated preserved the mutation, expressed common pluripotency markers, differentiated into three germ layers in vivo, and exhibited a normal karyotype. Further differentiation into cardiomyocytes enables the study of the disease mechanisms of XLDCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Anna Hing Yee Law
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Ruixia Deng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Ellen Ngar Yun Poon
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Hong Kong, HKSAR; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence (HK HOPE), Hong Kong, HKSAR; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Chun Wai Lo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Anna Ka Yee Kwong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Kelvin Yuen Kwong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR; Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Tsan Yuk Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Wai Lap Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Kian Cheng Tan-Un
- School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - W W M Pim Pijnappel
- Clinical Genetics and Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University, Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Sophelia Hoi Shan Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
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18
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Polanco A, Kuang B, Yoon S. Bioprocess Technologies that Preserve the Quality of iPSCs. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1128-1140. [PMID: 32941792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is essential for the treatment of a variety of clinical indications. However, culturing enough iPSCs for clinical applications is problematic due to their sensitive pluripotent state and dependence on a supporting matrix. Developing stem cell bioprocessing strategies that are scalable and meet clinical needs requires incorporating methods that measure and monitor intrinsic markers of cell differentiation state, developmental status, and viability in real time. In addition, proper cell culture modalities that nurture the growth of high-quality stem cells in suspension are critical for industrial scale-up. In this review, we present an overview of cell culture media, suspension modalities, and monitoring techniques that preserve the quality and pluripotency of iPSCs during initiation, expansion, and manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashli Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Bingyu Kuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
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19
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Berger C, Bjørlykke Y, Hahn L, Mühlemann M, Kress S, Walles H, Luxenhofer R, Ræder H, Metzger M, Zdzieblo D. Matrix decoded - A pancreatic extracellular matrix with organ specific cues guiding human iPSC differentiation. Biomaterials 2020; 244:119766. [PMID: 32199284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix represents a dynamic microenvironment regulating essential cell functions in vivo. Tissue engineering approaches aim to recreate the native niche in vitro using biological scaffolds generated by organ decellularization. So far, the organ specific origin of such scaffolds was less considered and potential consequences for in vitro cell culture remain largely elusive. Here, we show that organ specific cues of biological scaffolds affect cellular behavior. In detail, we report on the generation of a well-preserved pancreatic bioscaffold and introduce a scoring system allowing standardized inter-study quality assessment. Using multiple analysis tools for in-depth-characterization of the biological scaffold, we reveal unique compositional, physico-structural, and biophysical properties. Finally, we prove the functional relevance of the biological origin by demonstrating a regulatory effect of the matrix on multi-lineage differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells emphasizing the significance of matrix specificity for cellular behavior in artificial microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Berger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yngvild Bjørlykke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lukas Hahn
- Functional Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Mühlemann
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kress
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany; Otto-von Guericke University, Core Facility Tissue Engineering, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helge Ræder
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Metzger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zdzieblo
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Würzburg, Germany.
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20
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Ernst C. A roadmap for neurodevelopmental disease modeling for non-stem cell biologists. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:567-574. [PMID: 32052596 PMCID: PMC7180294 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem and derivative cells induced from somatic tissues are a critical tool for disease modeling but significant technical hurdles hamper their use. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of pitfalls and mitigation strategies for the nonstem cell biologist using induced pluripotent stem cells and investigating neurodevelopmental disorders. What sample sizes are reasonable? What derivation and purification protocols should be used to make human neurons? In what way should gene editing technologies be used to support discoveries? What kinds of preclinical studies are the most feasible? It is hoped that this roadmap will provide the necessary details for experimental planning and execution for those less familiar in the area of stem cell disease modeling. High-quality human preclinical models will allow for the discovery of molecular and cellular phenotypes specific to different neurodevelopmental disorders, and may provide the assays to advance translational medicine for unmet medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Ernst
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Douglas Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Douglas Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University and Douglas Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Burke EE, Chenoweth JG, Shin JH, Collado-Torres L, Kim SK, Micali N, Wang Y, Colantuoni C, Straub RE, Hoeppner DJ, Chen HY, Sellers A, Shibbani K, Hamersky GR, Diaz Bustamante M, Phan BN, Ulrich WS, Valencia C, Jaishankar A, Price AJ, Rajpurohit A, Semick SA, Bürli RW, Barrow JC, Hiler DJ, Page SC, Martinowich K, Hyde TM, Kleinman JE, Berman KF, Apud JA, Cross AJ, Brandon NJ, Weinberger DR, Maher BJ, McKay RDG, Jaffe AE. Dissecting transcriptomic signatures of neuronal differentiation and maturation using iPSCs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:462. [PMID: 31974374 PMCID: PMC6978526 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a powerful model of neural differentiation and maturation. We present a hiPSC transcriptomics resource on corticogenesis from 5 iPSC donor and 13 subclonal lines across 9 time points over 5 broad conditions: self-renewal, early neuronal differentiation, neural precursor cells (NPCs), assembled rosettes, and differentiated neuronal cells. We identify widespread changes in the expression of both individual features and global patterns of transcription. We next demonstrate that co-culturing human NPCs with rodent astrocytes results in mutually synergistic maturation, and that cell type-specific expression data can be extracted using only sequencing read alignments without cell sorting. We lastly adapt a previously generated RNA deconvolution approach to single-cell expression data to estimate the relative neuronal maturity of iPSC-derived neuronal cultures and human brain tissue. Using many public datasets, we demonstrate neuronal cultures are maturationally heterogeneous but contain subsets of neurons more mature than previously observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Burke
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Joo Heon Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Suel-Kee Kim
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicola Micali
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Huei-Ying Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alana Sellers
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kamel Shibbani
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - BaDoi N Phan
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amanda J Price
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Roland W Bürli
- Neuroscience, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - James C Barrow
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Hiler
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Keri Martinowich
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen F Berman
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jose A Apud
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan J Cross
- Neuroscience, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brady J Maher
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Andrew E Jaffe
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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22
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Ortuño-Costela MDC, Cerrada V, García-López M, Gallardo ME. The Challenge of Bringing iPSCs to the Patient. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6305. [PMID: 31847153 PMCID: PMC6940848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in biomedical research more than a decade ago, resulted in a huge leap forward in the highly promising area of personalized medicine. Nowadays, we are even closer to the patient than ever. To date, there are multiple examples of iPSCs applications in clinical trials and drug screening. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome. In this review, we will focus our attention on the advantages of implementing induced pluripotent stem cells technology into the clinics but also commenting on all the current drawbacks that could hinder this promising path towards the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen Ortuño-Costela
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, (UAM-CSIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional con células iPS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (V.C.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Victoria Cerrada
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional con células iPS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (V.C.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Marta García-López
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional con células iPS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (V.C.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - M. Esther Gallardo
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional con células iPS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (V.C.); (M.G.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Yamasaki AE, King NE, Matsui H, Jepsen K, Panopoulos AD. Two iPSC lines generated from the bone marrow of a relapsed/refractory AML patient display normal karyotypes and myeloid differentiation potential. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101587. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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24
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Bye CR, Penna V, de Luzy IR, Gantner CW, Hunt CPJ, Thompson LH, Parish CL. Transcriptional Profiling of Xenogeneic Transplants: Examining Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Grafts in the Rodent Brain. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 13:877-890. [PMID: 31680060 PMCID: PMC6895727 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells are a valuable resource for transplantation, yet our ability to profile xenografts is largely limited to low-throughput immunohistochemical analysis by difficulties in readily isolating grafts for transcriptomic and/or proteomic profiling. Here, we present a simple methodology utilizing differences in the RNA sequence between species to discriminate xenograft from host gene expression (using qPCR or RNA sequencing [RNA-seq]). To demonstrate the approach, we assessed grafts of undifferentiated human stem cells and neural progenitors in the rodent brain. Xenograft-specific qPCR provided sensitive detection of proliferative cells, and identified germ layer markers and appropriate neural maturation genes across the graft types. Xenograft-specific RNA-seq enabled profiling of the complete transcriptome and an unbiased characterization of graft composition. Such xenograft-specific profiling will be crucial for pre-clinical characterization of grafts and batch-testing of therapeutic cell preparations to ensure safety and functional predictability prior to translation. Interspecies sequence variation allows separation of xenograft and host transcripts Species-specific primers enable profiling of targeted xenograft genes with qPCR Xenograft-specific RNA-seq enables genome-wide transcriptional profiling of grafts Xenogeneic-specific profiling provides unbiased characterization of graft composition
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Bye
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Vanessa Penna
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabelle R de Luzy
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Carlos W Gantner
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cameron P J Hunt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lachlan H Thompson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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25
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Huang Z, Zhang D, Chen SC, Thompson JA, McLaren T, Lamey T, De Roach JN, McLenachan S, Chen FK. Generation of three induced pluripotent stem cell lines from an isolated inherited retinal dystrophy patient with RCBTB1 frameshifting mutations. Stem Cell Res 2019; 40:101549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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26
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Wang J, Liu C, Fujino M, Tong G, Zhang Q, Li XK, Yan H. Stem Cells as a Resource for Treatment of Infertility-related Diseases. Curr Mol Med 2019; 19:539-546. [PMID: 31288721 PMCID: PMC6806537 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190709172636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, infertility affects 8-12% of couples of reproductive age and has become a common problem. There are many ways to treat infertility, including medication, intrauterine insemination, and in vitro fertilization. In recent years, stem-cell therapy has raised new hope in the field of reproductive disability management. Stem cells are self-renewing, self-replicating undifferentiated cells that are capable of producing specialized cells under appropriate conditions. They exist throughout a human’s embryo, fetal, and adult stages and can proliferate into different cells. While many issues remain to be addressed concerning stem cells, stem cells have undeniably opened up new ways to treat infertility. In this review, we describe past, present, and future strategies for the use of stem cells in reproductive medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Reproductive Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Liu
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guoqing Tong
- Reproductive Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hua Yan
- Reproductive Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Li XL, Li GH, Fu J, Fu YW, Zhang L, Chen W, Arakaki C, Zhang JP, Wen W, Zhao M, Chen WV, Botimer GD, Baylink D, Aranda L, Choi H, Bechar R, Talbot P, Sun CK, Cheng T, Zhang XB. Highly efficient genome editing via CRISPR-Cas9 in human pluripotent stem cells is achieved by transient BCL-XL overexpression. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:10195-10215. [PMID: 30239926 PMCID: PMC6212847 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome editing of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is instrumental for functional genomics, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, low editing efficiency has hampered the applications of CRISPR–Cas9 technology in creating knockin (KI) or knockout (KO) iPSC lines, which is largely due to massive cell death after electroporation with editing plasmids. Here, we report that the transient delivery of BCL-XL increases iPSC survival by ∼10-fold after plasmid transfection, leading to a 20- to 100-fold increase in homology-directed repair (HDR) KI efficiency and a 5-fold increase in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) KO efficiency. Treatment with a BCL inhibitor ABT-263 further improves HDR efficiency by 70% and KO efficiency by 40%. The increased genome editing efficiency is attributed to higher expressions of Cas9 and sgRNA in surviving cells after electroporation. HDR or NHEJ efficiency reaches 95% with dual editing followed by selection of cells with HDR insertion of a selective gene. Moreover, KO efficiency of 100% can be achieved in a bulk population of cells with biallelic HDR KO followed by double selection, abrogating the necessity for single cell cloning. Taken together, these simple yet highly efficient editing strategies provide useful tools for applications ranging from manipulating human iPSC genomes to creating gene-modified animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Guo-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Juan Fu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Institute for Brain Disorders, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ya-Wen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wanqiu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Cameron Arakaki
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | | | - Gary D Botimer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - David Baylink
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Leslie Aranda
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hannah Choi
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Rachel Bechar
- UCR Stem Cell Center and Core, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Prue Talbot
- UCR Stem Cell Center and Core, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Chang-Kai Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Institute for Brain Disorders, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.,Research & Educational Center for the Control Engineering of Translational Precision Medicine (R-ECCE-TPM), School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China.,Research & Educational Center for the Control Engineering of Translational Precision Medicine (R-ECCE-TPM), School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China.,Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin 300020, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China.,Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
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28
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MacArthur CC, Pradhan S, Wetton N, Zarrabi A, Dargitz C, Sridharan M, Jackson S, Pickle L, Lakshmipathy U. Generation and comprehensive characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells for translational research. Regen Med 2019; 14:505-524. [PMID: 31115261 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold immense potential in disease modeling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Despite advances in reprogramming methods, generation of clinical-grade iPSCs remains a challenge. Reported here is the first off-the-shelf reprogramming kit, CTS CytoTune-iPS 2.1, specifically designed for clinical and translational research. Workflow gaps were identified, and methods developed were used to consistently generate iPSC from multiple cell types. Resulting clones were subjected to characterization that included confirmation of pluripotency, preservation of genomic integrity and authentication of cell banks via an array of molecular methods including high resolution microarray and next-generation sequencing. Development of integrated xeno-free workflows combined with comprehensive characterization offers generation of high-quality iPSCs that are suited for clinical and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad C MacArthur
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Suman Pradhan
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Nichole Wetton
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Aryan Zarrabi
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Carl Dargitz
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Mahalakshmi Sridharan
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Stephen Jackson
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Loni Pickle
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Uma Lakshmipathy
- Cell Biology, Life Sciences Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
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29
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Taylor-Whiteley TR, Le Maitre CL, Duce JA, Dalton CF, Smith DP. Recapitulating Parkinson's disease pathology in a three-dimensional human neural cell culture model. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm038042. [PMID: 30926586 PMCID: PMC6505482 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.038042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive loss of dopaminergic neurons and aggregation of the protein α-synuclein into ubiquitin-positive Lewy bodies represents a major neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). At present, the generation of large nuclear-associated Lewy bodies from endogenous wild-type α-synuclein, translationally regulated under its own promoter in human cell culture models, requires costly and time-consuming protocols. Here, we demonstrate that fully differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells grown in three-dimensional cell culture develop Lewy-body-like pathology upon exposure to exogenous α-synuclein species. In contrast to most cell- and rodent-based PD models, which exhibit multiple diffuse α-synuclein aggregates throughout the cytoplasm, a single large nuclear inclusion that is immunopositive for α-synuclein and ubiquitin is rapidly obtained in our model. This was achieved without the need for overexpression of α-synuclein or genetic modification of the cell line. However, phosphorylation of α-synuclein within these inclusions was not observed. The system described here provides an ideal tool to screen compounds to therapeutically intervene in Lewy body formation, and to investigate the mechanisms involved in disease progression in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Taylor-Whiteley
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - Christine L Le Maitre
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - James A Duce
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
- The ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Caroline F Dalton
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - David P Smith
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
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30
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McLenachan S, Wong EYM, Zhang X, Leith F, Moon SY, Zhang D, Chen SC, Thompson JA, McLaren T, Lamey T, De Roach JN, Atlas MD, Dilley RJ, Chen FK. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a patient with compound heterozygous mutations in the USH2A gene. Stem Cell Res 2019; 36:101420. [PMID: 30904819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The human iPSC lines LEIi010-A and LEIi010-B were generated from the dermal fibroblasts of a patient with Usher syndrome using episomal plasmids containing OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, L-MYC, LIN28, mir302/367 microRNA and shRNA for p53. These iPSC lines carry compound heterozygous mutations (c.949C > A and c.1256G > T) in USH2A. LEIi010-A and LEIi010-B expressed pluripotent stem cell markers, had a normal karyotype and could be differentiated into endoderm, mesoderm and ectodermal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elaine Y M Wong
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Neurological & Neuromuscular Diseases, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona Leith
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sang Yoon Moon
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Zhang
- Lions Eye Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shang-Chih Chen
- Lions Eye Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Thompson
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terri McLaren
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tina Lamey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John N De Roach
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marcus D Atlas
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rodney J Dilley
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Australia; Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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31
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van der Kant R, Langness VF, Herrera CM, Williams DA, Fong LK, Leestemaker Y, Steenvoorden E, Rynearson KD, Brouwers JF, Helms JB, Ovaa H, Giera M, Wagner SL, Bang AG, Goldstein LSB. Cholesterol Metabolism Is a Druggable Axis that Independently Regulates Tau and Amyloid-β in iPSC-Derived Alzheimer's Disease Neurons. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:363-375.e9. [PMID: 30686764 PMCID: PMC6414424 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic, epidemiologic, and biochemical evidence suggests that predisposition to Alzheimer's disease (AD) may arise from altered cholesterol metabolism, although the molecular pathways that may link cholesterol to AD phenotypes are only partially understood. Here, we perform a phenotypic screen for pTau accumulation in AD-patient iPSC-derived neurons and identify cholesteryl esters (CE), the storage product of excess cholesterol, as upstream regulators of Tau early during AD development. Using isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines carrying mutations in the cholesterol-binding domain of APP or APP null alleles, we found that while CE also regulate Aβ secretion, the effects of CE on Tau and Aβ are mediated by independent pathways. Efficacy and toxicity screening in iPSC-derived astrocytes and neurons showed that allosteric activation of CYP46A1 lowers CE specifically in neurons and is well tolerated by astrocytes. These data reveal that CE independently regulate Tau and Aβ and identify a druggable CYP46A1-CE-Tau axis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van der Kant
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa F Langness
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cheryl M Herrera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Daniel A Williams
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lauren K Fong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yves Leestemaker
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Evelyne Steenvoorden
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kevin D Rynearson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jos F Brouwers
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Bernd Helms
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Steven L Wagner
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Biologist, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Anne G Bang
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lawrence S B Goldstein
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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32
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Lin H, Li Q, Du Q, Wang O, Wang Z, Akert L, Carlson MA, Zhang C, Subramanian A, Zhang C, Lunning M, Li M, Lei Y. Integrated generation of induced pluripotent stem cells in a low-cost device. Biomaterials 2019; 189:23-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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McLenachan S, Zhang D, Zhang X, Chen SC, Lamey T, Thompson JA, McLaren T, De Roach JN, Fletcher S, Chen FK. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a patient with dominant PRPF31 mutation and a related non-penetrant carrier. Stem Cell Res 2018; 34:101357. [PMID: 30611018 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the generation of the human iPSC line LEIi008-A from a patient with retinitis pigmentosa-11 caused by a dominant nonsense mutation in the PRPF31 gene (NM_015629.3:c.1205C > A p.(Ser402Ter)). A second line, LEIi009-A, was generated from a related non-penetrant carrier of the same mutation with no retinal disease. Reprogramming of patient dermal fibroblasts using episomal plasmids containing OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, L-MYC, LIN28, shRNA for p53 and mir302/367 microRNA generated cell lines displaying pluripotent stem cell marker expression, a normal karyotype and the capability to differentiate into the three germ layer lineages. Resource table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Zhang
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Tina Lamey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Thompson
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terri McLaren
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John N De Roach
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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34
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Engle SJ, Blaha L, Kleiman RJ. Best Practices for Translational Disease Modeling Using Human iPSC-Derived Neurons. Neuron 2018; 100:783-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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35
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Lau E, Paik DT, Wu JC. Systems-Wide Approaches in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2018; 14:395-419. [PMID: 30379619 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-013046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a renewable supply of patient-specific and tissue-specific cells for cellular and molecular studies of disease mechanisms. Combined with advances in various omics technologies, iPSC models can be used to profile the expression of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites in relevant tissues. In the past 2 years, large panels of iPSC lines have been derived from hundreds of genetically heterogeneous individuals, further enabling genome-wide mapping to identify coexpression networks and elucidate gene regulatory networks. Here, we review recent developments in omics profiling of various molecular phenotypes and the emergence of human iPSCs as a systems biology model of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Lau
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;
| | - David T Paik
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA; .,Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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36
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Zhang X, Zhang D, Chen SC, Lamey T, Thompson JA, McLaren T, De Roach JN, Chen FK, McLenachan S. Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a retinitis pigmentosa patient with compound heterozygous CRB1 mutation. Stem Cell Res 2018; 31:147-151. [PMID: 30092450 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human iPSC line LEIi006-A was generated from dermal fibroblasts from a patient with retinitis pigmentosa using episomal plasmids containing OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, L-MYC, LIN28, mir302/367 microRNA and shRNA for p53. The iPSC cells carry compound heterozygous mutations (c.1892A > G and c.2548G > A) in the CRB1 gene. LEIi006-A expressed pluripotent stem cell markers, had a normal karyotype and could be differentiated into endoderm, mesoderm and ectodermal lineages, as well as retinal organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Zhang
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Tina Lamey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Thompson
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terri McLaren
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John N De Roach
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Eto S, Goto M, Soga M, Kaneko Y, Uehara Y, Mizuta H, Era T. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human iPS cells via mesoderm and neuroepithelium have different features and therapeutic potentials. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200790. [PMID: 30044827 PMCID: PMC6059447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adult human tissues are capable of proliferating in vitro and maintaining their multipotency, making them attractive cell sources for regenerative medicine. However, the availability and capability of self-renewal under current preparation regimes are limited. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) now offer an alternative, similar cell source to MSCs. Herein, we established new methods for differentiating hiPSCs into MSCs via mesoderm-like and neuroepithelium-like cells. Both derived MSC populations exhibited self-renewal and multipotency, as well as therapeutic potential in mouse models of skin wounds, pressure ulcers, and osteoarthritis. Interestingly, the therapeutic effects differ between the two types of MSCs in the disease models, suggesting that the therapeutic effect depends on the cell origin. Our results provide valuable basic insights for the clinical application of such cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Eto
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mizuki Goto
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
- * E-mail: (TE); (MG)
| | - Minami Soga
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yumi Kaneko
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Uehara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Era
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (TE); (MG)
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38
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Fliefel R, Ehrenfeld M, Otto S. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a new source of bone in reconstructive surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1780-1797. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riham Fliefel
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Faculty of Medicine; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Munich Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Munich Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; Alexandria University; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Michael Ehrenfeld
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Sven Otto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Munich Germany
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Wen W, Cheng X, Fu Y, Meng F, Zhang JP, Zhang L, Li XL, Yang Z, Xu J, Zhang F, Botimer GD, Yuan W, Sun C, Cheng T, Zhang XB. High-Level Precise Knockin of iPSCs by Simultaneous Reprogramming and Genome Editing of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1821-1834. [PMID: 29754960 PMCID: PMC5989814 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed an improved episomal vector system for efficient generation of integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. More recently, we reported that the use of an optimized CRISPR-Cas9 system together with a double-cut donor increases homology-directed repair-mediated precise gene knockin efficiency by 5- to 10-fold. Here, we report the integration of blood cell reprogramming and genome editing in a single step. We found that expression of Cas9 and KLF4 using a single vector significantly increases genome editing efficiency, and addition of SV40LT further enhances knockin efficiency. After these optimizations, genome editing efficiency of up to 40% in the bulk iPSC population can be achieved without any selection. Most of the edited cells show characteristics of iPSCs and genome integrity. Our improved approach, which integrates reprogramming and genome editing, should expedite both basic research and clinical applications of precision and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Feiying Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Gary D Botimer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Changkai Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Research Center for the Control Engineering of Translational Precision Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Institute for Brain Disorders, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China; Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China; Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China; Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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40
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Fong LK, Yang MM, Dos Santos Chaves R, Reyna SM, Langness VF, Woodruff G, Roberts EA, Young JE, Goldstein LSB. Full-length amyloid precursor protein regulates lipoprotein metabolism and amyloid-β clearance in human astrocytes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11341-11357. [PMID: 29858247 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that alterations in cholesterol homeostasis are involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) or multiple fragments generated by proteolytic processing of APP have previously been implicated in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism. However, the physiological function of APP in regulating lipoprotein homeostasis in astrocytes, which are responsible for de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and regulation in the brain, remains unclear. To address this, here we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate isogenic APP-knockout (KO) human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and differentiated them into human astrocytes. We found that APP-KO astrocytes have reduced cholesterol and elevated levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) target gene transcripts and proteins, which were both downstream consequences of reduced lipoprotein endocytosis. To elucidate which APP fragments regulate cholesterol homeostasis and to examine whether familial AD mutations in APP affect lipoprotein metabolism, we analyzed an isogenic allelic series harboring the APP Swedish and APP V717F variants. Only astrocytes homozygous for the APP Swedish (APPSwe/Swe) mutation, which had reduced full-length APP (FL APP) due to increased β-secretase cleavage, recapitulated the APP-KO phenotypes. Astrocytic internalization of β-amyloid (Aβ), another ligand for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, was also impaired in APP-KO and APPSwe/Swe astrocytes. Finally, impairing cleavage of FL APP through β-secretase inhibition in APPSwe/Swe astrocytes reversed the LDL and Aβ endocytosis defects. In conclusion, FL APP is involved in the endocytosis of LDL receptor ligands and is required for proper cholesterol homeostasis and Aβ clearance in human astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Fong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Max M Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Rodrigo Dos Santos Chaves
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Sol M Reyna
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Vanessa F Langness
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Grace Woodruff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Elizabeth A Roberts
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Jessica E Young
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Department of Pathology and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Lawrence S B Goldstein
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093; Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.
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41
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Chemical compound-based direct reprogramming for future clinical applications. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171650. [PMID: 29739872 PMCID: PMC5938430 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that a combination of chemical compounds enables direct reprogramming from one somatic cell type into another without the use of transgenes by regulating cellular signaling pathways and epigenetic modifications. The generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generally requires virus vector-mediated expression of multiple transcription factors, which might disrupt genomic integrity and proper cell functions. The direct reprogramming is a promising alternative to rapidly prepare different cell types by bypassing the pluripotent state. Because the strategy also depends on forced expression of exogenous lineage-specific transcription factors, the direct reprogramming in a chemical compound-based manner is an ideal approach to further reduce the risk for tumorigenesis. So far, a number of reported research efforts have revealed that combinations of chemical compounds and cell-type specific medium transdifferentiate somatic cells into desired cell types including neuronal cells, glial cells, neural stem cells, brown adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, somatic progenitor cells, and pluripotent stem cells. These desired cells rapidly converted from patient-derived autologous fibroblasts can be applied for their own transplantation therapy to avoid immune rejection. However, complete chemical compound-induced conversions remain challenging particularly in adult human-derived fibroblasts compared with mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). This review summarizes up-to-date progress in each specific cell type and discusses prospects for future clinical application toward cell transplantation therapy.
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42
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Global phenotypic characterisation of human platelet lysate expanded MSCs by high-throughput flow cytometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3907. [PMID: 29500387 PMCID: PMC5834600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source to develop cell therapy for many diseases. Human platelet lysate (PLT) is increasingly used as an alternative to foetal calf serum (FCS) for clinical-scale MSC production. To date, the global surface protein expression of PLT-expended MSCs (MSC-PLT) is not known. To investigate this, paired MSC-PLT and MSC-FCS were analysed in parallel using high-throughput flow cytometry for the expression of 356 cell surface proteins. MSC-PLT showed differential surface protein expression compared to their MSC-FCS counterpart. Higher percentage of positive cells was observed in MSC-PLT for 48 surface proteins, of which 13 were significantly enriched on MSC-PLT. This finding was validated using multiparameter flow cytometry and further confirmed by quantitative staining intensity analysis. The enriched surface proteins are relevant to increased proliferation and migration capacity, as well as enhanced chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation properties. In silico network analysis revealed that these enriched surface proteins are involved in three distinct networks that are associated with inflammatory responses, carbohydrate metabolism and cellular motility. This is the first study reporting differential cell surface protein expression between MSC-PLT and MSC-FSC. Further studies are required to uncover the impact of those enriched proteins on biological functions of MSC-PLT.
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43
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44
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Humanity in a Dish: Population Genetics with iPSCs. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 28:46-57. [PMID: 29054332 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are powerful tools for investigating the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Recent publications have described iPSC cohort studies of common genetic variants and their effects on gene expression and cellular phenotypes. These in vitro quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies are the first experiments in a new paradigm with great potential: iPSC-based functional population genetic studies. iPSC collections from large cohorts are currently under development to facilitate the next wave of these studies, which have the potential to discover the effects of common genetic variants on cellular phenotypes and to uncover the molecular basis of common genetic diseases. Here, we describe the recent advances in this developing field, and provide a road map for future in vitro functional population genetic studies and trial-in-a-dish experiments.
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45
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Secreto FJ, Li X, Smith AJ, Bruinsma ES, Perales-Clemente E, Oommen S, Hawse G, Hrstka SCL, Arendt BK, Brandt EB, Wigle DA, Nelson TJ. Quantification of Etoposide Hypersensitivity: A Sensitive, Functional Method for Assessing Pluripotent Stem Cell Quality. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1829-1839. [PMID: 28924979 PMCID: PMC6430057 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) hold great promise in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, translation of hiPSC technology depends upon a means of assessing hiPSC quality that is quantitative, high‐throughput, and can decipher malignant teratocarcinoma clones from normal cell lines. These attributes are lacking in current approaches such as detection of cell surface makers, RNA profiling, and/or teratoma formation assays. The latter remains the gold standard for assessing clone quality in hiPSCs, but is expensive, time‐consuming, and incompatible with high‐throughput platforms. Herein, we describe a novel method for determining hiPSC quality that exploits pluripotent cells’ documented hypersensitivity to the topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide (CAS No. 33419‐42‐0). Based on a study of 115 unique hiPSC clones, we established that a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of <300 nM following 24 hours of exposure to etoposide demonstrated a positive correlation with RNA profiles and colony morphology metrics associated with high quality hiPSC clones. Moreover, our etoposide sensitivity assay (ESA) detected differences associated with culture maintenance, and successfully distinguished malignant from normal pluripotent clones independent of cellular morphology. Overall, the ESA provides a simple, straightforward method to establish hiPSC quality in a quantitative and functional assay capable of being incorporated into a generalized method for establishing a quality control standard for all types of pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1829–1839
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Secreto
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xing Li
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alyson J Smith
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Bruinsma
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ester Perales-Clemente
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Saji Oommen
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gresin Hawse
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sybil C L Hrstka
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bonnie K Arendt
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emma B Brandt
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dennis A Wigle
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine BioTrust, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy J Nelson
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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46
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Paterson YZ, Kafarnik C, Guest DJ. Characterization of companion animal pluripotent stem cells. Cytometry A 2017; 93:137-148. [PMID: 28678404 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells have the capacity to grow indefinitely in culture and differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers. These properties underpin their potential to be used in regenerative medicine. Originally derived from early embryos, pluripotent stem cells can now be derived by reprogramming an adult cell back to a pluripotent state. Companion animals such as horses, dogs, and cats suffer from many injuries and diseases for which regenerative medicine may offer new treatments. As many of the injuries and diseases are similar to conditions in humans the use of companion animals for the experimental and clinical testing of stem cell and regenerative medicine products would provide relevant animal models for the translation of therapies to the human field. In order to fully utilize companion animal pluripotent stem cells robust, standardized methods of characterization must be developed to ensure that safe and effective treatments can be delivered. In this review we discuss the methods that are available for characterizing pluripotent stem cells and the techniques that have been applied in cells from companion animals. We describe characteristics which have been described consistently across reports as well as highlighting discrepant results. Significant steps have been made to define the in vitro culture requirements and drive lineage specific differentiation of pluripotent stem cells in companion animal species. However, additional basic research to compare pluripotent stem cell types and define characteristics of pluripotency in companion animal species is still required. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Z Paterson
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Kafarnik
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK.,Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - D J Guest
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK
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47
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Panopoulos AD, D'Antonio M, Benaglio P, Williams R, Hashem SI, Schuldt BM, DeBoever C, Arias AD, Garcia M, Nelson BC, Harismendy O, Jakubosky DA, Donovan MKR, Greenwald WW, Farnam K, Cook M, Borja V, Miller CA, Grinstein JD, Drees F, Okubo J, Diffenderfer KE, Hishida Y, Modesto V, Dargitz CT, Feiring R, Zhao C, Aguirre A, McGarry TJ, Matsui H, Li H, Reyna J, Rao F, O'Connor DT, Yeo GW, Evans SM, Chi NC, Jepsen K, Nariai N, Müller FJ, Goldstein LSB, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Adler E, Loring JF, Berggren WT, D'Antonio-Chronowska A, Smith EN, Frazer KA. iPSCORE: A Resource of 222 iPSC Lines Enabling Functional Characterization of Genetic Variation across a Variety of Cell Types. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:1086-1100. [PMID: 28410642 PMCID: PMC5390244 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale collections of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could serve as powerful model systems for examining how genetic variation affects biology and disease. Here we describe the iPSCORE resource: a collection of systematically derived and characterized iPSC lines from 222 ethnically diverse individuals that allows for both familial and association-based genetic studies. iPSCORE lines are pluripotent with high genomic integrity (no or low numbers of somatic copy-number variants) as determined using high-throughput RNA-sequencing and genotyping arrays, respectively. Using iPSCs from a family of individuals, we show that iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes demonstrate gene expression patterns that cluster by genetic background, and can be used to examine variants associated with physiological and disease phenotypes. The iPSCORE collection contains representative individuals for risk and non-risk alleles for 95% of SNPs associated with human phenotypes through genome-wide association studies. Our study demonstrates the utility of iPSCORE for examining how genetic variants influence molecular and physiological traits in iPSCs and derived cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia D Panopoulos
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matteo D'Antonio
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roy Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sherin I Hashem
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bernhard M Schuldt
- Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christopher DeBoever
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Angelo D Arias
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Melvin Garcia
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bradley C Nelson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David A Jakubosky
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Margaret K R Donovan
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - William W Greenwald
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - KathyJean Farnam
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Megan Cook
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victor Borja
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Carl A Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan D Grinstein
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Frauke Drees
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan Okubo
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Yuriko Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Veronica Modesto
- Stem Cell Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Carl T Dargitz
- Stem Cell Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rachel Feiring
- Stem Cell Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chang Zhao
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Thomas J McGarry
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hiroko Matsui
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - He Li
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joaquin Reyna
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Fangwen Rao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Daniel T O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Neil C Chi
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Naoki Nariai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Franz-Josef Müller
- Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lawrence S B Goldstein
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Eric Adler
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - W Travis Berggren
- Stem Cell Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Erin N Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kelly A Frazer
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Warren CR, Cowan CA. [Leukocyte count of puerperal sows]. BERLINER UND MUNCHENER TIERARZTLICHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1996; 109:330-5. [PMID: 9054332 PMCID: PMC5828525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
147 blood samples of postparturient sows of a secluded housing were taken. The samples were conserved with ACD-solution. The influence of the number and week of the lactation and the health of the sow, determined by puerperal diseases was studied. Hematological values of healthy postparturient sows are: leucocytes 12.6 +/- 2.2 G/l; basophile granulocytes 0.1 +/- 0.1 G/l, eosinophile granulocytes 0.5 +/- 0.4 G/l; banded neutrophile granulocytes 1.3 +/- 0.6 G/l, segmented neutrophile granulocytes 5.2 +/- 1.4 G/l; lymphocytes 5.5 +/- 1.4 G/l, monocytes 0.3 +/- 0.3 G/l. The leucocyte number is lower in the investigated herd compared with quotations in the literature. This is based on the good health conditions in the herd. Changes due to the number and week of the lactation have no clinical relevance. Health status, here described by puerperal diseases is the significant influencing factor of the leucocyte number. The severity of puerperal diseases is significant. Due to puerperal diseases the leucocyte number rises quickly after a short drop about 2 G/l. The number of the neutrophile granulocytes increases, but the lymphocyte number is reduced at the beginning of the illness. The application of ACD-solution for stabilizing of great amounts of blood samples under practical conditions is demonstrated. It is possible to stabilize pigs blood well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R. Warren
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chad A. Cowan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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