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Kim SH, Jung M. Disentangling behavioral determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in post-corona era: An integrated model approach. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0323184. [PMID: 40373009 PMCID: PMC12080773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) is influenced by various factors, including sociodemographic characteristics and socioeconomic status of the recipient. Nevertheless, in the post-COVID-19 era, the importance of vaccination and group immunity has grown. Therefore, applying an integrated model to identify behavioral determinants of vaccination is needed. This study aimed to identify contextual factors affecting SIV by applying Andersen's model. We utilized secondary national datasets (n = 14,535) from the 2022 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Predisposing factors were gender and age. Enabling factors were income, educational attainment, and marital status. Need factors were presence of chronic disease, health risk behaviors (smoking and/or drinking alcohol), physical activity, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status. Dependent variable was influenza vaccination status. Multiple binomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of influenza vaccination status among Korean adults, stratified by gender and age. According to the results, in men, higher education increased the likelihood of influenza vaccination by 1.089 times (95% CI: 1.000-1.185), while being married increased it by 1.619 times (95% CI: 1.413-1.856); however, smoking and binge drinking reduced the likelihood by 0.822 times (95% CI: 0.732-0.923) and 0.749 times (95% CI: 0.650-0.864), respectively. Among young men, marriage (OR=1.480, 95% CI: 1.131-1.935) and physical activity (OR=1.381, 95% CI: 1.053-1.811) were significant positive factors, while among older men, chronic disease presence increased vaccination likelihood by 1.339 times (95% CI: 1.126-1.592). In women, higher education (OR=1.168, 95% CI: 1.075-1.270) and marriage (OR=2.242, 95% CI: 1.965-2.557) were strong positive predictors, while COVID-19 vaccination history consistently increased influenza vaccination likelihood (OR=1.852, 95% CI: 1.712-2.003). Among young women, smoking reduced vaccination likelihood (OR=0.551, 95% CI: 0.359-0.847), while among older women, having a chronic disease increased vaccination likelihood by 1.354 times (95% CI: 1.133-1.619). This study empirically reveals that SIV is affected by predisposing, enabling, and need factors. To effectively intervene in individual health behaviors, it is necessary to identify characteristics of the population, provide segmented messages, and apply customized strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Kim
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsoo Jung
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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2
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Mantilla MJ, Alonso JP. [Childhood vaccination: doubts, ambiguities and decision-making in middle-class mothers in Argentina]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2025; 41:e00010424. [PMID: 39936781 PMCID: PMC11805512 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xes010424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
In recent years, behaviors of rejection or hesitancy towards vaccination and the growth of the so-called "anti-vax movement" have been defined as a challenge to Public Health. This articles aims to analyze the decision-making processes of middle-class mothers in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in relation to the vaccination of their children, considering factors that trigger behaviors of hesitancy or fear towards vaccination. A total of 35 in-depth interviews were conducted with middle-class mothers in the city of Buenos Aires, identified with "natural" or similar to the so-called "respectful upbringing" motherhood styles. Different trajectories or paths for vaccine hesitancy or rejection can be traced: (a) previously generated by comments or indications from health professionals during childbirth or pediatric consultations; (b) resulting from more general changes in lifestyles, marked by the option for alternative or "natural" healthcare; (c) inserted in processes of criticism and distrust in relation to biomedicine and the affirmation of autonomy in healthcare decisions; and (d) from an active search for information in sources mostly opposed to vaccination. The doubts or ambiguities regarding vaccination presented by these mothers do not unequivocally translate into the rejection of vaccination, but rather into a diversity of practices: vaccination with reservations, selection or postponement of some vaccines and non-vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jimena Mantilla
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pedro Alonso
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Altaş ZM, Abdulhaq B, Sezerol MA, Karabey S. Tetanus Vaccine Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes Among Syrian Pregnant Women in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2025; 13:302. [PMID: 39942491 PMCID: PMC11816371 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare13030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: In this qualitative study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of Syrian pregnant women living in Türkiye toward tetanus vaccination, vaccine hesitations, and the perceived benefits and harms of the tetanus vaccine. Methods: In face-to-face, in-depth interviews, an open-ended, semi-structured interview guide was used by an interviewer and translator who spoke Arabic, which is the mother tongue of the participants. Codes, themes, and subthemes were created. Results: In the study, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 16 pregnant women. The median age of the pregnant women was 26.5 years (18.0-41.0). The median time since they arrived in Türkiye as migrants was 8.5 years (3.0-10.0). The themes were "Beliefs about vaccines", "Information about vaccines", "Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about tetanus vaccine", "Reasons for vaccination desire", "Reasons for not being vaccinated", and "Problems experienced while receiving health services". Pregnant women mostly mentioned that vaccines have benefits. Most of the women stated that tetanus vaccine is needed to protect from diseases. There were no women thinking that vaccines are harmful. Some of them only mentioned the minor side effects observed after vaccination. Participants mentioned that they get information about vaccines from relatives such as family and friends, health professionals, television, and social media. However, some women talked about the fact that they had no knowledge about vaccines. A lack of knowledge and not visiting the health institution were the reasons for not being vaccinated. Conclusions: Although participants mostly believed that vaccination is necessary and has benefits, some women had no idea about the exact purpose of vaccines. This lack of knowledge may cause vaccine hesitancy and refusal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Meva Altaş
- Maltepe District Health Directorate, Istanbul 34841, Türkiye
- Department of Public Health, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34815, Türkiye
| | - Bayan Abdulhaq
- School for International Training, Brattleboro, VT 05302, USA;
| | - Mehmet Akif Sezerol
- Epidemiology Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34815, Türkiye;
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34815, Türkiye
- Sultanbeyli District Health Directorate, Istanbul 34935, Türkiye
| | - Selma Karabey
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Türkiye;
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Soto Mas F, Zhao S, Ji M. Vaccine Intention, Uptake, and Hesitancy Among US Certified Food Producers: The National COVID-19 Organic Farmer Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2024; 18:e321. [PMID: 39711031 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate COVID-19 vaccine intention, uptake, and hesitancy among essential workers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of USDA-certified organic producers. An electronic survey was used for data collection. Analyses included descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, and ordinal logistic regressions. RESULTS The dataset consisted of 273 records. While 63% of respondents had received at least 1 dose of COVID-19 vaccine, only 17% had the recommended minimum of 2 doses. More than two-thirds of unvaccinated individuals indicated no plan to receive the vaccine, and limited perception of vaccine necessity. They indicated concerns about side effects and a distrust of the vaccines and the government. Age, education level, acreage, region, and health insurance status were variables significantly associated with the number of doses of vaccine received. CONCLUSIONS Interventions to encourage vaccination may target farmers who are less educated, live alone or just with one other person, lack health insurance, and run larger farms. Results also suggest focusing on enhancing trust in science and the government. Theory-based approaches that address low perception of risk and severity may be more likely to be effective with this population. Information on how US organic producers handled the COVID-19 pandemic is critical for emergency preparedness and food system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Soto Mas
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Shixi Zhao
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ming Ji
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Ayaz H, Celik MH, Koytak HZ, Yanik IE. Exploring vaccine hesitancy in digital public discourse: From tribal polarization to socio-economic disparities. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308122. [PMID: 39499705 PMCID: PMC11537378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed online public discourse on Twitter (later rebranded as X) during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand key factors associated with vaccine hesitancy by employing deep-learning techniques. Text classification analysis reveals a significant association between attitudes toward vaccination and the unique socio-economic characteristics of US states, such as education, race, income or voting behavior. However, our results indicate that attributing vaccine hesitancy solely to a single social factor is not appropriate. Furthermore, the topic modeling of online discourse identifies two distinct sets of justifications for vaccine hesitancy. The first set pertains to political concerns, including constitutional rights and conspiracy theories. The second pertains to medical concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy. However, vaccine-hesitant social media users pragmatically use broad categories of justification for their beliefs. This behavior may suggest that vaccine hesitancy is influenced by political beliefs, unconscious emotions, and gut-level instinct. Our findings have further implications for the critical role of trust in public institutions in shaping attitudes toward vaccination and the need for tailored communication strategies to restore faith in marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huzeyfe Ayaz
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - Muhammed Hasan Celik
- Department of Computer Science Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Huseyin Zeyd Koytak
- Department of Sociology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
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Kantor J, Carlisle RC, Morrison M, Pollard AJ, Vanderslott S. Oxford Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (OVHS): a UK-based and US-based online mixed-methods psychometric development and validation study of an instrument to assess vaccine hesitancy. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084669. [PMID: 39384231 PMCID: PMC11474876 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the development, validation and reliability of the Oxford Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (OVHS), a new instrument to assess vaccine hesitancy in the general population. DESIGN Cross-sectional validation study. SETTING Internet-based study with participants in the UK and USA. PARTICIPANTS Demographically representative (stratified by age, sex and race) samples from the UK and USA recruited through the Prolific Academic platform. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES To demonstrate OVHS development, exploratory factor analysis with categorical variables and a polychoric correlation matrix followed by promax oblique rotation on the UK sample was performed. Confirmatory factor analysis with a Satorra-Bentler scaled test statistic evaluating goodness of fit statistics including the root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA), standardised root mean squared residual (SRMR) and comparative fit index (CFI) was performed on the US sample. Reliability as internal consistency was assessed using McDonald's omega. Evidence in support of the predictive, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale was assessed using logistic regression ORs of association (OR) or Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS Data for factor analysis were obtained from 1004 respondents, 504 in the UK and 500 in the USA. A scree plot, minimum average partial correlation analysis and parallel analysis suggested a three-factor 13-item scale with domains of vaccine beliefs (seven items), pain (three items) and personal deliberation (three items). Responses were recorded on a Likert scale ranging from disagree completely to agree completely, with higher score reflecting greater hesitancy. Potential total scores ranged from 13 to 65. Goodness of fit was excellent, with RMSEA=0.044, SRMR=0.041 and CFI=0.977. Predictive validity for COVID-19 vaccination status was excellent, with logistic regression ORs of association (95% CI) of 0.07 (0.04, 0.13), p<0.0001 for the UK sample for each SD increase in OVHS score, suggesting a 93% decrease in the odds of being vaccinated against COVID-19 for each SD increase in OVHS score. Convergent validity between the OVHS score and the 5C short version scale demonstrated a correlation coefficient of 0.32 (p<0.0001). Discriminant validity with an unrelated desire to perform outdoor activities demonstrated an OR (95% CI) of 1.06 (0.88, 1.29), p=0.523 for the UK sample for each SD increase in OVHS score. McDonald's omega was 0.86 and 0.87 in the UK and US samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The OVHS is a feasible, valid and reliable scale for assessing vaccine hesitancy; further testing is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kantor
- Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael Morrison
- HeLEX - Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Zhang B, Chen L, Moe A. Examining the Effects of Social Media Warning Labels on Perceived Credibility and Intent to Engage with Health Misinformation: The Moderating Role of Vaccine Hesitancy. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 29:556-565. [PMID: 39110871 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2024.2385638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite the robust scientific evidence affirming the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, the proliferation of misinformation on social media platforms poses a threat by potentially exacerbating vaccine hesitancy. In response, certain social media platforms have taken measures to flag posts containing such misinformation with warning labels, aiming to dispel false beliefs. This present study employs a survey experiment (N = 304) to examine the effectiveness of two distinct warning labels - disputed and neutral warning labels - in the Twitter (the social media platform now known as X) context, specifically targeting misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. This study investigates the nuanced effects of vaccine hesitancy on the perceived credibility of debunked misinformation posts following the application of warning flags. The results demonstrated that disputed labels significantly reduced the perceived credibility of misinformation regarding anti-COVID-19 vaccines in comparison to posts without any labeling. Nevertheless, individuals exhibiting higher levels of vaccine hesitancy tended to view the misinformation as more credible than their counterparts with lower levels of hesitancy. These findings present the efficacy of warning labels in combatting misinformation on social media platforms, particularly among those who are least hesitant about vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhang
- School of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Alexander Moe
- Department of Journalism, Broadcasting & Public Relations, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, New York, USA
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Byerley CO, Horne D, Gong M, Musgrave S, Valaas LA, Rickard B, Yoon H, Park MS, Mirin A, Joshua S, Lavender H, You S. An effective COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy intervention focused on the relative risks of vaccination and infection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7419. [PMID: 38548828 PMCID: PMC10978892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We designed the Relative Risk Tool (RRT) to help people assess the relative risks associated with COVID-19 vaccination and infection. In May 2022 (N = 400) and November 2022 (N = 615), U.S. residents participated in a survey that included questions about the risks of vaccination and infection. In both cohorts, we found an association between relative risk perception and vaccine hesitancy. Participants in the May cohort were randomly assigned an intervention: to see information from the RRT or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). After the intervention, participants answered the same questions about risk perception and vaccination intent again. The RRT was more effective than the CDC at changing risk perception and increasing vaccination intent. In November, the survey structure was the same, but the RRT was the only intervention included, and we confirmed that the RRT was effective at changing opinions in this new sample. Importantly, the RRT provided accurate information about the risks of serious adverse outcomes to vaccination and still increased vaccination intent. Our work suggests that the RRT helps people assess relative risk, which can in turn help empower them to make informed decisions and ultimately reduce vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron O'Neill Byerley
- Department of Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Education, University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, USA.
| | - Dru Horne
- Department of Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Education, University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, USA
| | - Mina Gong
- Department of Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Education, University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, USA
| | - Stacy Musgrave
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Cal Poly Pomona, Pomona, 91768, USA
| | - Laura A Valaas
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
| | - Brian Rickard
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, USA
| | - Hyunkyoung Yoon
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Cal Poly Pomona, Pomona, 91768, USA
| | - Min Sook Park
- Department of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, 53201, USA
| | - Alison Mirin
- Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, USA
| | | | - Heather Lavender
- Department of Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Education, University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, USA
| | - Sukjin You
- Department of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, 53201, USA
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Fernández-Prada M, Fraga-Pérez A, Cienfuegos-González P, Zapico-Baragaño MJ, Brea-Corral JM, Huergo-Fernández A. Evaluation of a catch-up strategy for the vaccination in patients with hepatitis C virus. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2024. [PMID: 38501772 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2024.10386/2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) is an essential part of their comprehensive healthcare. These individuals may have impaired phagocytic function and diminished production of opsonizing antibodies, resulting in increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, particularly pneumococcal pneumonia. Similarly, there is an increased risk of fulminant hepatitis due to hepatitis A and B viruses. The Ministry of Health updated specific vaccination recommendations for this group in 2018.
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Payette C, Hanby C, Cerezo M, Moran S, Blanchard J. Let Us Just Ask People What They Think: Community Perceptions and Recommendations about Coronavirus Vaccination. Ethn Dis 2024; 34:33-40. [PMID: 38854786 PMCID: PMC11156165 DOI: 10.18865/ed.34.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite widespread efforts to promote coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in the United States, a significant segment of the population is still unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. Objective The objective of this study was to understand attitudes toward the vaccine in patients presenting to an urban emergency department. Methods We used a qualitative analysis and semistructured interviews with a convenience sample of patients presenting to an urban emergency department from January 18, 2021, to March 14, 2021. Our final sample consisted of 32 people. Results We found that people trusted their own medical providers rather than popular or political figures. Critiques of the vaccination program highlighted difficulties in navigation and perceptions of inequity. Conclusions Equitable distribution strategies and honest messaging may facilitate acceptance of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine. Trustworthy sources for vaccine knowledge should be used to target populations in which vaccine hesitancy is a persistent concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Payette
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Charlotte Hanby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Maria Cerezo
- School of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Seamus Moran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Janice Blanchard
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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Rubaltelli E, Dickert S, Markowitz DM, Slovic P. Political ideology shapes risk and benefit judgments of COVID-19 vaccines. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2024; 44:126-140. [PMID: 37186310 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In April 2021, the use of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine was paused to investigate whether it had caused serious blood clots to a small number of women (six out of 6.8 million Americans who had been administered that vaccine). As these events were unfolding, we surveyed a sample of Americans (N = 625) to assess their reactions to this news, whether they supported the pausing of the vaccine, and potential psychological factors underlying their decision. In addition, we employed automated text analyses as a supporting method to more classical quantitative measures. Results showed that political ideology influenced the support for the pausing of the vaccine; liberals were more likely to oppose it than conservatives. In addition, the effect of political ideology was mediated by the difference between perceived benefit and risk and the language style used to produce reasons in support (or against) the decision to pause the vaccine. Liberals perceived the benefit of vaccines higher than the risk, used a more analytic language style when stating their reasons, and had a more positive attitude toward the vaccine. We discuss the implications of our findings considering vaccine hesitancy and risk perception during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Rubaltelli
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Veneto, Italy
| | - Stephan Dickert
- School of Business and Management, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - David M Markowitz
- School of Journalism and Communication, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Paul Slovic
- School of Journalism and Communication, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Decision Research, Eugene, Oregon, USA
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Bwanali AN, Lubanga AF, Mphepo M, Munthali L, Chumbi GD, Kangoma M. Vaccine hesitancy in Malawi: a threat to already-made health gains. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5291-5293. [PMID: 37811119 PMCID: PMC10552950 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malawi faces a growing concern about vaccine hesitancy. This threatens to undermine significant strides in the fight against infectious diseases in the country. Vaccine hesitancy in Malawi is driven by multiple factors. This short communication discusses the extent of vaccine hesitancy in Malawi and its main drivers according to SAGE's (Strategic Advisory Group of Expert) 3Cs (confidence, complacency and convenience) model of vaccine hesitancy. As an escalating health concern, it is imperative to address it urgently. It is imperative to address it urgently through comprehensive and sustainable awareness campaigns that should aim to increase acceptance and demand for vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akim N. Bwanali
- Clinical Research Education and Management Services Limited (CREAMS)
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Adriano F. Lubanga
- Clinical Research Education and Management Services Limited (CREAMS)
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mzati Mphepo
- Clinical Research Education and Management Services Limited (CREAMS)
| | | | | | - Melina Kangoma
- Kamuzu Central Hospital, Ministry of Health (MoH), Lilongwe
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Man SS, Wen H, Zhao L, So BCL. Role of Trust, Risk Perception, and Perceived Benefit in COVID-19 Vaccination Intention of the Public. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2589. [PMID: 37761786 PMCID: PMC10530888 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination is an effective method for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study proposed and validated a theoretical intention model for explaining the COVID-19 vaccination intention (CVI) of the public. The theoretical intention model incorporated trust in vaccines, two types of risk perception (risk perception of COVID-19 and risk perception of COVID-19 vaccination), and perceived benefit into a theory of planned behavior (TPB). Structural equation modeling was utilized to test the theoretical intention model with data collected from 816 Chinese adults in China. The results confirmed the crucial role of trust in vaccines, risk perception, and perceived benefit in shaping the CVI of the public. In addition, TPB was found to be applicable in a research context. The theoretical intention model accounted for 78.8% of the variance in CVI. Based on the findings, several practical recommendations for improving COVID-19 vaccination rates were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu-Shing Man
- School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (S.-S.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Huiying Wen
- School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (S.-S.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Ligao Zhao
- Guangzhou Huadu Huacheng Community Health Service Centre, Guangzhou 510810, China;
| | - Billy Chun-Lung So
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Campbell K, Severson R. Estimating Vaccine Hesitancy in Colorado by Using Immunization Information System Data. Public Health Rep 2023; 138:806-811. [PMID: 36346179 PMCID: PMC10467494 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221133072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vaccine hesitancy is a complex issue that threatens global health. We used data from the Colorado Immunization Information System (CIIS) to quantify vaccine hesitancy. METHODS We examined immunization records from CIIS for patients age 2 up to 9 months to estimate vaccine hesitancy by tabulating the number of doses received per visit and comparing it with the number of expected doses based on recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. We calculated the percentage of patients in each vaccine hesitancy group who were up to date on the 7-antigen series by age 35 months. We examined the distribution of vaccine-hesitant populations among vaccination providers who report to CIIS to estimate the difference in vaccine-hesitant patient populations among vaccination providers in Colorado. RESULTS Of 201 450 patients, 5147 (2.6%) consistently limited the number of shots received at each visit as compared with recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; 166 927 (82.9%) patients did not limit the number of shots received; 5693 (2.8%) limited the number of shots received at >1 visit but not all visits; and 23 683 (11.8%) limited the number of shots received at only 1 visit. We found differences in vaccine hesitancy distributions among certain Colorado vaccination providers. CONCLUSIONS Immunization information system data, although sometimes incomplete, offer an opportunity to investigate state-level vaccine hesitancy. Areas of future research include performing similar analyses over time and determining geographic and socioeconomic factors that contribute to vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Campbell
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Rachel Severson
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, USA
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15
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Chen C, Yang Q, Tian H, Wu J, Chen L, Ji Z, Zheng D, Chen Y, Li Z, Lu H. Bibliometric and visual analysis of vaccination hesitancy research from 2013 to 2022. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2226584. [PMID: 37387233 PMCID: PMC10332187 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2226584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although vaccination is regarded as one of the most significant achievements of public health, there also exists the phenomenon of vaccination hesitancy which refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of vaccination hesitancy research from 2013 to 2022. All related publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection Database. Information on annual publications, countries, organizations, journals, authors, keywords, and documents was analyzed adopting the bibliometix R-package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. A total of 4042 publications were enrolled. The annual publications increased slightly before 2020 but had an extremely dramatic increase from 2020 to 2022. The United States contributed the most articles and had the greatest collaboration with other countries and organizations. The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine was the most active institution. Vaccine was the most cited and influential journal while Vaccines was the most productive journal. It was Dube E who was the most productive authors with the highest h-index. The most frequent keywords were "vaccine hesitancy," "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV2," "immunization," "attitudes," and "willingness." Vaccination hesitancy to some extent hinders the achievement of global public health. The influencing factors vary across time, space, and vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic and the development of COVID-19 vaccines have made this issue the focus of interest. The complexity and specific contexts of influencing factors of vaccination hesitancy require further study and will potentially be the focus of future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiting Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingzhi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeqi Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daitian Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yexi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Breast, The First People’s Hospital of Shao Guan, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
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16
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Riad A, Issa J, Attia S, Dušek L, Klugar M. Oral adverse events following COVID-19 and influenza vaccination in Australia. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2253589. [PMID: 37734344 PMCID: PMC10515678 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2253589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy, spurred by misinterpretation of Adverse Events (AEs), threatens public health. Despite sporadic reports of oral AEs post-COVID-19 vaccination, systematic analysis is scarce. This study evaluates these AEs using the Australian Database of Adverse Event Notifications (DAEN). A secondary analysis of DAEN data was conducted, with the analysis period commencing from the start of the COVID-19 vaccination rollout in February 2021 and the inception of the influenza vaccine database in 1971, both through until December 2022. The focus of the analysis was on oral AEs related to COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. Reports were extracted according to a predefined schema and then stratified by vaccine type, sex, and age. Oral paresthesia was the most common oral AE after COVID-19 vaccination (75.28 per 10,000 reports), followed by dysgeusia (73.96), swollen tongue (51.55), lip swelling (49.43), taste disorder (27.32), ageusia (25.85), dry mouth (24.75), mouth ulceration (18.97), oral hypoaesthesia (15.60), and oral herpes (12.74). While COVID-19 and influenza vaccines shared most oral AEs, taste-related AEs, dry mouth, and oral herpes were significantly more common after COVID-19 vaccination. mRNA vaccines yielded more oral AEs than other types. Females had higher oral AE incidence. Most oral AEs did not differ significantly between COVID-19 and influenza vaccination. However, specific oral AEs, particularly taste-related, dry mouth, and oral herpes, were more prevalent after COVID-19 vaccination compared with seasonal influenza, especially in females and mRNA vaccine recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanoub Riad
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS-CR), Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julien Issa
- Department of Diagnostics, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sameh Attia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS-CR), Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS-CR), Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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17
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Doshi RH, Garbern SC, Kulkarni S, Perera SM, Fleming MK, Muhayangabo RF, Ombeni AB, Tchoualeu DD, Kallay R, Song E, Powell J, Gainey M, Glenn B, Mutumwa RM, Hans Bateyi Mustafa S, Earle-Richardson G, Gao H, Abad N, Soke GN, Fitter DL, Hyde TB, Prybylski D, Levine AC, Jalloh MF, Mbong EN. Ebola vaccine uptake and attitudes among healthcare workers in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2021. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1080700. [PMID: 37559741 PMCID: PMC10408297 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1080700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the 2018-2020 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), prevention and control measures, such as Ebola vaccination were challenging by community mistrust. We aimed to understand perceptions regarding Ebola vaccination and identify determinants of Ebola vaccine uptake among HCWs. Methods In March 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 438 HCWs from 100 randomly selected health facilities in three health zones (Butembo, Beni, Mabalako) affected by the 10th EVD outbreak in North Kivu, DRC. HCWs were eligible if they were ≥ 18 years and were working in a health facility during the outbreak. We used survey logistic regression to assess correlates of first-offer uptake (i.e., having received the vaccine the first time it was offered vs. after subsequent offers). Results Of the 438 HCWs enrolled in the study, 420 (95.8%) reported that they were eligible and offered an Ebola vaccine. Among those offered vaccination, self-reported uptake of the Ebola vaccine was 99.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) [98.5-99.4]), but first-offer uptake was 70.2% (95% CI [67.1, 73.5]). Nearly all HCWs (94.3%; 95% CI [92.7-95.5]) perceived themselves to be at risk of contracting EVD. The most common concern was that the vaccine would cause side effects (65.7%; 95% CI [61.4-69.7]). In the multivariable analysis, mistrust of the vaccine source or how the vaccine was produced decreased the odds of first-time uptake. Discussion Overall uptake of the Ebola vaccine was high among HCWs, but uptake at the first offer was substantially lower, which was associated with mistrust of the vaccine source. Future Ebola vaccination efforts should plan to make repeated vaccination offers to HCWs and address their underlying mistrust in the vaccines, which can, in turn, improve community uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena H. Doshi
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Stephanie C. Garbern
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Shibani Kulkarni
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Monica K. Fleming
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Ruth Kallay
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Bailey Glenn
- James A. Ferguson Infectious Disease Program, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Giulia Earle-Richardson
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hongjiang Gao
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Neetu Abad
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Gnakub Norbert Soke
- Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - David L. Fitter
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Terri B. Hyde
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dimitri Prybylski
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Adam C. Levine
- International Medical Corps, Washington, DC, United States
- International Medical Corps, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Mohamed F. Jalloh
- Division of Global HIV and TB, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eta Ngole Mbong
- International Medical Corps, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
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18
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Murdan S, Ali N, Darlow J, Christopher E, Tolani F, Ashiru-Oredope D. Enhancing the training of community engagement officers to address vaccine hesitancy: a university and local authority collaboration. Perspect Public Health 2023; 143:190-192. [PMID: 37589326 PMCID: PMC10466954 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221145616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Murdan
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - N Ali
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - J Darlow
- Bedford Borough, Central Bedfordshire and Milton Keynes Council’s Shared Public Health Services, Bedford, UK
| | - E Christopher
- Bedford Borough, Central Bedfordshire and Milton Keynes Council’s Shared Public Health Services, Bedford, UK
| | - F Tolani
- Bedford Borough, Central Bedfordshire and Milton Keynes Council’s Shared Public Health Services, Bedford, UK
| | - D Ashiru-Oredope
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK; UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
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19
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Roy A. Determinants of Covid-19 vaccination: Evidence from the US pulse survey. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001927. [PMID: 37200233 PMCID: PMC10194978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 disease is resurging across the United States and vaccine hesitancy remains a major obstacle to reaching the expected threshold for herd immunity. Using the nationally representative cross sectional Household Pulse Survey (HPS) Data published by the U.S. Census Bureau, this study identified demographic, socio-economic, and medical-psychological determinants of Covid-19 vaccination. Results revealed significant differences in Covid-19 vaccine uptake due to age, sex, sexual orientation, race or ethnicity, marital status, education, income, employment form, housing and living condition, physical illness, mental illness, Covid-19 illness, distrust of vaccines and beliefs about the efficacy of vaccines. Government policymakers need to be cognizant of these determinants of vaccine hesitancy when formulating policies to increase vaccine uptake and control the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study suggest that segmented solutions to reach vulnerable groups like racial minorities and homeless people are needed to win the trust and optimize vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Roy
- Department of Economics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research, New York, New York, United States of America
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20
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Kang B, Goldlust S, Lee EC, Hughes J, Bansal S, Haran M. Spatial distribution and determinants of childhood vaccination refusal in the United States. Vaccine 2023; 41:3189-3195. [PMID: 37069031 PMCID: PMC12068412 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Parental refusal and delay of childhood vaccination has increased in recent years in the United States. This phenomenon challenges maintenance of herd immunity and increases the risk of outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. We examine US county-level vaccine refusal for patients under five years of age collected during the period 2012-2015 from an administrative healthcare dataset. We model these data with a Bayesian zero-inflated negative binomial regression model to capture social and political processes that are associated with vaccine refusal, as well as factors that affect our measurement of vaccine refusal. Our work highlights fine-scale socio-demographic characteristics associated with vaccine refusal nationally, finds that spatial clustering in refusal can be explained by such factors, and has the potential to aid in the development of targeted public health strategies for optimizing vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokgyeong Kang
- Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Goldlust
- New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore 21205, MD, USA
| | - John Hughes
- College of Health, Lehigh University, Bethlehem 18015, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Bansal
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington 20007, DC, USA
| | - Murali Haran
- Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, PA, USA
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21
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Suhail MK, Moinuddin A. Evaluation of strategies against vaccine hesitancy in the COVID-19 and Indian context-A systematic review. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:142. [PMID: 37397096 PMCID: PMC10312413 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1376_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The world has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of loss of lives, health, and its socioeconomic consequences; however, the true magnitude and extent of the damage from COVID-19 is still elusive till date. With the advent of many efficacious vaccines, one of the most effective ways to get to grips with the pandemic is mass vaccination. However, due to vaccine hesitancy (VH), it remains a colossal challenge globally thereby causing serious threat to the pandemic response efforts. This review intends to identify evaluated interventions and evidence to support recommendation of specific strategies to address VH from an Indian context. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize relevant literature around the evaluation of strategies to tackle VH for effectiveness or impact in India. Electronic databases were searched using specific keywords and predefined inclusion-exclusion criteria. A total of 133 articles were screened, 15 were assessed for eligibility, and two were included in the final review. There is a paucity of research on evaluation of vaccine hesitancy interventions in India. Evidence is not strong enough to recommend one specific strategy or intervention. Together, a permutation of multicomponent and tailored interventions has been found most effective in repressingVH in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K. Suhail
- Doctoral Researcher, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University-Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Arsalan Moinuddin
- Vascular Health Researcher, School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire-Gloucester, United Kingdom
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22
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Yorulmaz DS, Kocoglu-Tanyer D. A vaccine literacy scale for childhood vaccines: Turkish validity and reliability vaccine literacy scale. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
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23
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Stuckey K, Newton PK. COVID-19 vaccine incentive scheduling using an optimally controlled reinforcement learning model. PHYSICA D. NONLINEAR PHENOMENA 2023; 445:133613. [PMID: 36540277 PMCID: PMC9754750 DOI: 10.1016/j.physd.2022.133613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We model Covid-19 vaccine uptake as a reinforcement learning dynamic between two populations: the vaccine adopters, and the vaccine hesitant. Using data available from the Center for Disease Control (CDC), we estimate the payoff matrix governing the interaction between these two groups over time and show they are playing a Hawk-Dove evolutionary game with an internal evolutionarily stable Nash equilibrium (the asymptotic percentage of vaccinated in the population). We then ask whether vaccine adoption can be improved by implementing dynamic incentive schedules that reward/punish the vaccine hesitant, and if so, what schedules are optimal and how effective are they likely to be? When is the optimal time to start an incentive program, how large should the incentives be, and is there a point of diminishing returns? By using a tailored replicator dynamic reinforcement learning model together with optimal control theory, we show that well designed and timed incentive programs can improve vaccine uptake by shifting the Nash equilibrium upward in large populations, but only so much, and incentive sizes above a certain threshold show diminishing returns.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stuckey
- Department of Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089-1191, United States of America
| | - P K Newton
- Department of Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering, Mathematics, Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089-1191, United States of America
- The Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089-1191, United States of America
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24
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Evans-Gilbert T, Lewis-Bell KN, Irons B, Duclos P, Gonzalez-Escobar G, Ferdinand E, Figueroa JP, on behalf of the Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group. A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e19. [PMID: 36686892 PMCID: PMC9847406 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the legislative frameworks concerning childhood vaccination in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and propose a model legislative framework for Caribbean countries. Methods This study included a survey of 22 countries and territories in the Caribbean regarding legal vaccination mandates for school entry, budget allocations, sanctions, or exemptions. A legal consultant conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of legislation regarding vaccination among 13 Caribbean countries/territories. A comparative analysis of the legislation under five themes-legislative structure, mandatory vaccination, national immunization schedule, sanctions, and exemptions-formed the basis for the proposed model legislation. Results Among the 22 Caribbean countries/territories, 17 (77%) had legislation mandating vaccination, 16 (94%) mandated vaccination for school entry, 8 (47%) had a dedicated budget for immunization programs, and 13 (76%) had no legislated national schedules. The source of legislation includes six (35%) using the Education Act, eight (47%) the Public Health Act, and five (29%) a free-standing Vaccination Act. Three countries/territories-Jamaica, Montserrat, and Saint Lucia-had immunization regulations. In 12 (71%) of the 17 countries with legislation, sanctions were included, and 10 (59%) permitted exemptions for medical or religious/philosophical beliefs. Conclusions Several countries in the Caribbean have made failure to vaccinate a child an offense. By summarizing the existing legislative frameworks and approaches to immunization in the Caribbean, the analysis guides policymakers in making effective changes to immunization legislation in their own countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Evans-Gilbert
- University of the West IndiesKingstonJamaicaUniversity of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica,Tracy Evans-Gilbert,
| | - Karen N. Lewis-Bell
- Pan American Health OrganizationParamariboSurinamePan American Health Organization, Paramaribo, Suriname.
| | - Beryl Irons
- Pan American Health OrganizationRetired Immunization AdvisorBridgetownBarbadosPan American Health Organization, (Retired Immunization Advisor, Bridgetown, Barbados).
| | - Philippe Duclos
- University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerlandUniversity of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar
- Pan American Health OrganizationCaracasVenezuelaPan American Health Organization, Caracas, Venezuela.
| | - Elizabeth Ferdinand
- University of the West IndiesCave HillBarbadosUniversity of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.
| | - J. Peter Figueroa
- University of the West IndiesKingstonJamaicaUniversity of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
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25
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Boragno P, Fiabane E, Colledani D, Dalla Gasperina D, Setti I, Sommovigo V, Gabanelli P. Attitude towards Intranasal Vaccines and Psychological Determinants: Effects on the General Population in Northern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010138. [PMID: 36679983 PMCID: PMC9863592 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the use of intranasal vaccines, but some studies have shown that this innovative way of administration is preferred over needle injection as it is considered both less painful and intrusive to the body, equally effective, and associated with fewer side effects. This study aimed to investigate specific psychological determinants (intolerance of uncertainty, persecutory ideation, perceived control, vaccine hesitancy) of attitude toward nasal vaccine delivery. A convenience sample including 700 Italian participants took part in this cross-sectional study and completed an online questionnaire. A structural equation model with a latent variable was performed to study the relationship between psychological variables, vaccine hesitancy, and attitude toward nasal vaccine delivery. The results indicate that both a hesitant attitude toward vaccination (β = 0.20, p = 0.000) and low perceived control (β = -0.20, p = 0.005) may directly increase preference for nasal administration; furthermore, high levels of persecutory ideation may indirectly influence the propensity for intranasal vaccine. These findings suggest that pharmaceutical companies could implement nasal vaccines and provide detailed information on these vaccines through informational campaigns. Hesitant individuals with low levels of perceived control could more easily comply with these types of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Boragno
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Fiabane
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of Genova Nervi Institute, 16121 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daiana Colledani
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padua, 35139 Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Dalla Gasperina
- Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale dei Sette Laghi, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Setti
- Unit of Applied Psychology, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sommovigo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Gabanelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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26
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Takoudjou Dzomo GR, Mbario E, Djarma O, Soumbatingar N, Madengar M, Djimera N, Djindimadje A, Nguemadjita C, Nassaringar G, Bernales M, Nangerngar T, Naissem D, Paningar E, Gomez-Virseda C, Lopez Barreda R, Robbins I, Cournil A, Visier L, Tuaillon E, Mennechet FJD. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Chad: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1063954. [PMID: 36684864 PMCID: PMC9846328 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1063954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against the COVID-19 virus is currently the best option to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. However, in addition to logistical and economic barriers, hesitancy to be vaccinated threatens to jeopardize efforts to contain the disease. An increasing number of people in Africa are delaying or rejecting recommended vaccines. Since their launch, COVID-19 vaccines have frequently faced rejection worldwide. In this study, we interviewed 5,174 participants from Chad that were representative of the general population, on their perception of COVID-19 vaccines. The survey was conducted from April to May 2021, before the rollout of the COVID-19 vaccination. We found that 47.9% of respondents were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 29.8% were undecided and 22.3% would not accept the vaccine. We found that urban residents were much more likely to refuse the vaccine than rural residents. We also observed that distrust of COVID-19 vaccines and mistaken beliefs played a crucial role in the reluctance to be vaccinated. Hesitancy to vaccinate against COVID-19 was strongly associated with lack of knowledge, and acceptance of vaccination was primarily associated with fear of the disease. Finally, we identified population profiles among the undecided and the refractors, which will help in developing strategies to combat COVID-19 vaccine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmond Mbario
- Association for the Promotion of Village Health in Chad (APSVT), Bekamba, Chad
| | - Oumaima Djarma
- Republic of Chad, Ministry of Public Health and National Solidarity, N'Djamena, Chad
| | | | | | - Nadia Djimera
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | | | | | | | - Margarita Bernales
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Denise Naissem
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - Ephrem Paningar
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - Carlos Gomez-Virseda
- Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ian Robbins
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Cournil
- Institute of Research for Development (IRD), Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Visier
- Center for Political and Social Studies (CEPEL), CNRS - University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, French Blood Establishment (EFS), University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University Hospital (CHU), Montpellier, France
| | - Franck J. D. Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, French Blood Establishment (EFS), University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
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Dąbek J, Sierka O, Gąsior Z. Protective vaccinations in the control and prevention of infectious diseases—knowledge of adult Poles in this field. Preliminary results. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2342. [PMCID: PMC9748885 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protective vaccinations are one of the basic means of infectious disease prevention. The aim of the study was to assess the implementation of compulsory and additional protective vaccinations among adult Poles, their knowledge about the purpose of introducing a vaccination schedule and adverse events following immunization. Opinions about and support for anti-vaccination movements were also examined. Materials and methods A total of 700 (100%) people aged 18 to 80 (x̅ = 32,16 ± 16,46) took part in the study, conducted using the proprietary questionnaire. All the participants selected randomly from patients of the Department of Cardiology, their visitors, doctors, nurses, paramedics, medical students, and authors’ acquaintances gave their informed consent to participate in the study. Results About 10% of the respondents did not complete the compulsory vaccination schedule. Almost 80% of respondents believed that the main reason for vaccinations schedule occurrence was the desire to completely exclude certain diseases and their complications from the population. More than half of the respondents have never had any additional vaccination. A statistically significant correlation was found between intake of at least one additional vaccination and age (χ2=22.262, p = 0.002) and education level (χ2= 11.074, p = 0.004). Among the respondents, there was a group that classified autism as one of the adverse events following immunization. About 95% of respondents never experienced any adverse events following immunizationand as many as 30 respondents declared their support for anti-vaccination movements. Conclusion The degree of the implementation of compulsory protective vaccinations in the study group was high, while additional vaccinations were insufficient. The purposefulness of introducing a vaccination schedule was correctly identified by the majority of the respondents, but the knowledge about adverse events following immunisation and their types was incomplete. Among participants were individuals who declared their support for anti-vaccination movements, so society should be constantly educated about vaccinations benefits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14821-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Józefa Dąbek
- grid.411728.90000 0001 2198 0923Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ziołowa Street 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
| | - Oskar Sierka
- grid.411728.90000 0001 2198 0923Student Research Group at the Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ziołowa Street 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Gąsior
- grid.411728.90000 0001 2198 0923Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ziołowa Street 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
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Purasram M, Bangalee V, Oosthuizen F, Moodley R. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of a patient population on the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Health SA 2022; 27:1845. [PMID: 36570088 PMCID: PMC9772648 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had dire effects on South Africa. Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are critical in the fight against COVID-19. This study is necessary to optimise vaccine acceptance. Aim To determine the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of a patient population in South Africa on the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Setting This study was conducted via a retail pharmacy in Merebank, Wentworth and Bluff (Ward 68), which is in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal province. Methods A quantitative study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire between April 2021 to September 2021. There were a total of 430 participants. Data were collected on Google Forms, recorded in Microsoft Excel and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results Knowledge of COVID-19 in the population was 81.86%. A total of 65% of participants stated that they would definitely take the COVID-19 vaccine, and 33.7% stated that they were hesitant to receive the vaccine. Reasons for hesitancies included concerns surrounding side effects of the vaccines, its safety and efficacy and the fast-tracking of the vaccine. Conclusion Education campaigns need to be customised to provide the population with reliable and vetted vaccine information and address specific concerns or hesitancies present. Health care workers and the government need to work with religious leaders to improve public trust and confidence in the vaccine. To reach herd immunity and prevent increased morbidity rates, there needs to be a rise in vaccine acceptance across South Africa and globally. Contribution With the intention of ensuring a successful COVID-19 vaccine rollout strategy in South Africa, it is of great importance to address the reasons for vaccine hesitancy and to determine the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of the population on the COVID-19 vaccines. This study will therefore aid in developing strategies aimed at improving vaccine education and awareness, thereby resulting in a greater uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine by the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makaira Purasram
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Varsha Bangalee
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Frasia Oosthuizen
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajatheran Moodley
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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John SD. How low can you go? Justified hesitancy and the ethics of childhood vaccination against COVID-19. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2022; 48:1006-1009. [PMID: 35217530 PMCID: PMC8914403 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-108097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores some of the ethical issues around offering COVID-19 vaccines to children. My main conclusion is rather paradoxical: the younger we go, the stronger the grounds for justified parental hesitancy and, as such, the stronger the arguments for enforcing vaccination. I suggest that this is not the reductio ad absurdum it appears, but does point to difficult questions about the nature of parental authority in vaccination cases. The first section sketches the disagreement over vaccinating teenagers, arguing that the UK policy was permissible. The second section outlines a problem for this policy, that it faces justified vaccine hesitancy. The third section discusses three strategies for responding to this problem, arguing that there may be no simple way of overcoming parents' reasons to resist vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen David John
- History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Saigí-Rubió F, Eguia H, Espelt A, Macip S, Bosque-Prous M. Hesitation about coronavirus vaccines in healthcare professionals and general population in Spain. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277899. [PMID: 36454968 PMCID: PMC9714825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study attempts to provide a picture of the hesitancy to vaccination against COVID-19 in Spain during the 2021 spring-autumn vaccination campaign, both in the general population and in healthcare professionals. METHODS The participants were recruited using social media such as Facebook and Twitter, in addition to the cooperation of health personnel contacted with the collaboration of medical scientific societies. A cross-sectional study was carried out that included the response of an online questionnaire. The data were collected from April 30 to September 26, 2021. To assess the different associations between variables to be measured, we fit Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 3,850 adults from the general population group and 502 health professionals. Of the overall sample, 48.6% of participants from the general population were vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas in the healthcare professionals, 94.8% were vaccinated. The prevalence of general population vaccination increased with age, and was higher in women than men. Most participants did not show a preference for any vaccine itself. However, the prevalence of people vaccinated with their preferred vaccine was higher for the ones vaccinated with Pfizer's vaccine. 6.5% of the general population reported being reticent to be vaccinated. People from younger age groups, people with lower educational levels and those who were not from a risk group showed greater reluctance to be vaccinated. No gender differences in reluctancy were found. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals were significantly less likely to refuse vaccination even though they had more doubts about the safety and efficacy of vaccines. On the other hand, younger people, those with a lower level of education and those who were not from a risk group were the most hesitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Saigí-Rubió
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hans Eguia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- SEMERGEN New Technologies Working Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Espelt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Manresa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra. Spain
| | - Salvador Macip
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra. Spain
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Veys-Takeuchi C, Gonseth Nusslé S, Estoppey S, Zuppinger C, Dupraz J, Pasquier J, Faivre V, Scuderi R, Vassaux S, Bochud M, D’Acremont V. Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy During the Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604987. [PMID: 36250155 PMCID: PMC9556695 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a major obstacle in the fight against the pandemic. This study aimed to identify the local determinants of vaccine hesitancy in the context of COVID-19 to better inform future immunization campaigns. Methods: The study, conducted in February 2021, included 1,189 randomly selected inhabitants of the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Online questionnaires investigated determinants of the intention to vaccinate. Previously validated scores (Cronbach's alphas >0.70) were applied to our data for inclusion in the ordinal logistic regression model. Results: Individuals were more likely to vaccinate if they were 40 years or older, wealthy, reported a high educational attainment, or reported comorbidities. Doubts regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, mistrust in authorities and a propensity for natural immunity were identified as the main local hindrances to the COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion: Outreach to people at risk of severe COVID-19 is particularly relevant in the pandemic context to help mitigate vaccine hesitancy in the canton of Vaud, and should take into consideration the level of education. Further investigation is needed to better understand reasons for mistrust in authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Veys-Takeuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Semira Gonseth Nusslé
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Estoppey
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Zuppinger
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Dupraz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pasquier
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Faivre
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renzo Scuderi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Vassaux
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie D’Acremont
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Basel, Switzerland
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Yiannakoulias N, Darlington JC, Slavik CE, Benjamin G. Negative COVID-19 Vaccine Information on Twitter: Content Analysis. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:e38485. [PMID: 36348980 PMCID: PMC9632001 DOI: 10.2196/38485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube, have a role in spreading anti-vaccine opinion and misinformation. Vaccines have been an important component of managing the COVID-19 pandemic, so content that discourages vaccination is generally seen as a concern to public health. However, not all negative information about vaccines is explicitly anti-vaccine, and some of it may be an important part of open communication between public health experts and the community. Objective This research aimed to determine the frequency of negative COVID-19 vaccine information on Twitter in the first 4 months of 2021. Methods We manually coded 7306 tweets sampled from a large sampling frame of tweets related to COVID-19 and vaccination collected in early 2021. We also coded the geographic location and mentions of specific vaccine producers. We compared the prevalence of anti-vaccine and negative vaccine information over time by author type, geography (United States, United Kingdom, and Canada), and vaccine developer. Results We found that 1.8% (131/7306) of tweets were anti-vaccine, but 21% (1533/7306) contained negative vaccine information. The media and government were common sources of negative vaccine information but not anti-vaccine content. Twitter users from the United States generated the plurality of negative vaccine information; however, Twitter users in the United Kingdom were more likely to generate negative vaccine information. Negative vaccine information related to the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine was the most common, particularly in March and April 2021. Conclusions Overall, the volume of explicit anti-vaccine content on Twitter was small, but negative vaccine information was relatively common and authored by a breadth of Twitter users (including government, medical, and media sources). Negative vaccine information should be distinguished from anti-vaccine content, and its presence on social media could be promoted as evidence of an effective communication system that is honest about the potential negative effects of vaccines while promoting the overall health benefits. However, this content could still contribute to vaccine hesitancy if it is not properly contextualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Yiannakoulias
- School of Earth, Environment and Society McMaster University Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - J Connor Darlington
- School of Geography and Environmental Management University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Catherine E Slavik
- Center for Science Communication Research School of Journalism and Communication University of Oregon Eugene, OR United States
| | - Grant Benjamin
- Department of Economics University of Toronto Toronto, ON Canada
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Lin XQ, Zhang MX, Chen Y, Xue JJ, Chen HD, Tung TH, Zhu JS. Relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A cross-sectional study in Taizhou, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:770933. [PMID: 36082277 PMCID: PMC9445127 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.770933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Chinese adults and analyzed the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. METHODS A population-based self-administered online survey was conducted in Taizhou, China to evaluate the population's hesitancy to receive COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 2.463 adults received the invitation for the survey through WeChat (A Chinese app that is used for chat, social media, and mobile payment), and 1.788 interviewees answered the structured questionnaire. The overall response rate was 72.6%. RESULTS Total 45.2% of people were hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccination. Using binary logistic regression analysis, we found low perception of safety (Model 3: Odds ratio = 2.977, Confidence interval: 2.237-3.963) and efficacy (Model 3: OR = 1.904, 95%CI: 1.462-2.479) of the COVID-19 vaccine in adults is the most important risk factor for COVID-19 vaccine hesitation. People who know more about COVID-19 vaccination are less hesitant (Model 2: OR = 0.967, 95% CI: 0.951-0.983). People who did not seek information independently about the COVID-19 vaccine are more likely to be skeptical (Model 4: OR = 1.300, 95% CI: 1.058-1.598, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION In China, the population had higher levels of COVID-19 vaccine hesitation, and their knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine, perceptions of safety and efficacy, and physical health status were significantly associated with vaccine hesitation. These results provide ideas for promoting COVID-19 vaccination and intervention and have far-reaching implications for further strengthening research on vaccine hesitancy in COVID-19 and exploring strategies for COVID-19 vaccine promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mei-Xian Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Public Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ji-Ji Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - He-Dan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Sugiri AHB, Yenny Y. Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Community-Based Study in Dumai City, Riau Province, Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Indonesia’s lowest COVID-19 vaccine coverage of 6.5% is found in Teluk Makmur Village, Dumai City, Riau province. The success of the COVID-19 vaccination program is determined by vaccine hesitancy, which comprises numerous and presumably complex factors that vary over time and between countries or between regions of one given country.
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy prevalence and influencing factors in the community.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2021 at Teluk Makmur Village, Dumai City, Riau Province, Indonesia, involving 149 respondents aged 25–93 years and using a questionnaire on respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and their opinions on possible COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy factors were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression (p ˂ 0.05).
RESULTS: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was present in 51.7% of respondents. Multivariable logistic regression findings: Comorbidities, fear of dying from COVID-19, feelings of shame/stigmatization if known to be infected with COVID-19 were not significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Education and distrust of government COVID-19 related policy were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy.
CONCLUSION: Half of respondents were hesitant about COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy factors consisted of education and distrust of government policy.
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Tsang SJ. Predicting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Hong Kong: Vaccine knowledge, risks from coronavirus, and risks and benefits of vaccination. Vaccine X 2022; 11:100164. [PMID: 35573268 PMCID: PMC9077988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hongkongers have had access to COVID-19 vaccines for about four months, but vaccination rate remains low (34.4% as of 4 July 2021). Given that vaccine uptake is vital, this study aimed to determine how vaccine-hesitant and vaccinated individuals differ. The study also examined why people choose to delay vaccination (within 1 month, within 2 months, within 3 months, 3 months or more). Material and Methods A population-based online survey (N = 1654) was conducted between 22 and 30 June 2021, a month after the Hong Kong government announced "Say no to vaccine hesitancy" on its website. All adults aged 18 years and older were eligible to take part. The survey included sociodemographic details, perceived susceptibility to infection, and perceived vaccine efficacy and risks. A series of analyses of covariance was performed to inspect differences among the groups and multiple regression analyses were done to examine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Results With a vaccine hesitancy rate of 30.3%, analyses revealed that sociodemographic factors, party identification and self-reported health status had no effects on the degrees of vaccine hesitancy. While vaccine knowledge, perceived susceptibility to infection, and vaccine efficacy and safety were positive correlates of vaccine uptake, risks from vaccination and vaccine efficacy were positive correlates of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions Hesitancy in Hong Kong is more about vaccine efficacy and safety, and less about infection risks. Specifically, respondents expressed concerns about the particular vaccines supplied, especially BioNTech's efficacy and risks from Sinovac. While higher risk motivates longer preparation for vaccine uptake, higher levels of benefits from BioNTech could reduce hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Jean Tsang
- Department of Communication Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Oduwole EO, Pienaar ED, Mahomed H, Wiysonge CS. Overview of Tools and Measures Investigating Vaccine Hesitancy in a Ten Year Period: A Scoping Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1198. [PMID: 36016086 PMCID: PMC9412526 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of vaccine hesitancy, a growing global concern in the last decade, has been aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The need for monitoring vaccine sentiments and early detection of vaccine hesitancy in a population recommended by the WHO calls for the availability of contextually relevant tools and measures. This scoping review covers a ten year-period from 2010-2019 which included the first nine years of the decade of vaccines and aims to give a broad overview of tools and measures, and present a summary of their nature, similarities, and differences. We conducted the review using the framework for scoping reviews by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and reported it following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews' guidelines. Of the 26 studies included, only one was conducted in the WHO African Region. Measures for routine childhood vaccines were found to be the most preponderant in the reviewed literature. The need for validated, contextually relevant tools in the WHO Africa Region is essential, and made more so by the scourge of the ongoing pandemic in which vaccination is critical for curtailment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O. Oduwole
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa; (E.D.P.); (C.S.W.)
| | - Elizabeth D. Pienaar
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa; (E.D.P.); (C.S.W.)
| | - Hassan Mahomed
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Charles S. Wiysonge
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa; (E.D.P.); (C.S.W.)
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban 4091, South Africa
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Boccalini S, Vannacci A, Crescioli G, Lombardi N, Del Riccio M, Albora G, Shtylla J, Masoni M, Guelfi MR, Bonanni P, Bechini A. Knowledge of University Students in Health Care Settings on Vaccines and Vaccinations Strategies: Impact Evaluation of a Specific Educational Training Course during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071085. [PMID: 35891250 PMCID: PMC9316295 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Training future healthcare professionals on vaccination through specific courses is important to properly promote active immunization among the general population and to fight fake news and false beliefs on vaccinations. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an elective course about vaccinations on the knowledge of medical students, pharmacy students, and medical resident in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine in Italy. Methods: The participants were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire before and after an elective teaching activity (ETA) on vaccination. The two questionnaires contained the same 30 questions and focused on different aspects of vaccines and vaccination. The students who had attended the seminar were allowed to fulfil the post-lecture questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were performed on the results; in particular, Student’s t-test for independent samples was used to compare the total score obtained before and after attending the ETA. Results: A total of 449 students participated in the ETA. Overall, the participation in the ETA allowed them to significantly improve their final score (+27.28%, p < 0.001). Good results were obtained even when comparing the three groups (medical students, pharmacy students and medical residents) separately. Females improved more than males, especially among pharmacy students. Discussion: The present study highlights the importance and the impact that extracurricular activities can have in improving knowledge about vaccinations. With vaccination and vaccine hesitancy and acceptance topics with increasing attention paid by the population, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is fundamental to develop new strategies to increase future healthcare professionals’ knowledge about vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boccalini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.B.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alfredo Vannacci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (A.V.); (G.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Giada Crescioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (A.V.); (G.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Niccolò Lombardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (A.V.); (G.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Marco Del Riccio
- Medical School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.D.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Albora
- Medical School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.D.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Jonida Shtylla
- SIAF—E-Learning Process Unit and IT Training, Area for the Innovation and Management of Information and Computer Systems, University of Florence, 50141 Florence, Italy;
| | - Marco Masoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Maria Renza Guelfi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Angela Bechini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.B.); (A.B.)
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Acceptance of and Preference for COVID-19 Vaccination in India, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, and Spain: An International Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060832. [PMID: 35746440 PMCID: PMC9230582 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: India and Europe have large populations, a large number of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, and different healthcare systems. This study aims to investigate the differences between the hesitancy toward and preference for COVID-19 vaccines in India and four European countries, namely, the United Kingdom (UK), Germany, Italy, and Spain. Methodology: We conducted a cross-national survey for distribution in India, the UK, Germany, Italy, and Spain. More specifically, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to evaluate vaccine preferences, and Likert scales were used to probe the underlying factors that contribute to vaccination acceptance. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to directly compare India and European countries. Results: A total of 2565 respondents (835 from India and 1730 from the specified countries in Europe) participated in the survey. After PSM, more than 82.5% of respondents from India positively accepted the COVID-19 vaccination, whereas 79.9% of respondents from Europe had a positive attitude; however, the proportion in Europe changed to 81.6% in cases in which the vaccine was recommended by friends, family, or employers. The DCE found that the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was the most important factor for respondents in India and the four European nations (41.8% in India and 47.77% in Europe), followed by the vaccine cost (28.06% in India and 25.88% in Europe). Conclusion: Although most respondents in both regions showed high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, either due to general acceptance or acceptance as a result of social cues, the vaccination coverage rate shows apparent distinctions. Due to the differences in COVID-19 situations, public health systems, cultural backgrounds, and vaccine availability, the strategies for COVID-19 vaccine promotion should be nation-dependent.
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Tram KH, Saeed S, Bradley C, Fox B, Eshun-Wilson I, Mody A, Geng E. Deliberation, Dissent, and Distrust: Understanding Distinct Drivers of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 74:1429-1441. [PMID: 34272559 PMCID: PMC8406882 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of safe and efficacious coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines, a significant proportion of the American public remains unvaccinated and does not appear to be immediately interested in receiving the vaccine. METHODS In this study, we analyzed data from the US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey, a biweekly cross-sectional survey of US households. We estimated the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy across states and nationally and assessed the predictors of vaccine hesitancy and vaccine rejection. In addition, we examined the underlying reasons for vaccine hesitancy, grouped into thematic categories. RESULTS A total of 459 235 participants were surveyed from 6 January to 29 March 2021. While vaccine uptake increased from 7.7% to 47%, vaccine hesitancy rates remained relatively fixed: overall, 10.2% reported that they would probably not get a vaccine and 8.2% that they would definitely not get a vaccine. Income, education, and state political leaning strongly predicted vaccine hesitancy. However, while both female sex and black race were factors predicting hesitancy, among those who were hesitant, these same characteristics predicted vaccine reluctance rather than rejection. Those who expressed reluctance invoked mostly "deliberative" reasons, while those who rejected the vaccine were also likely to invoke reasons of "dissent" or "distrust." CONCLUSIONS Vaccine hesitancy comprises a sizable proportion of the population and is large enough to threaten achieving herd immunity. Distinct subgroups of hesitancy have distinctive sociodemographic associations as well as cognitive and affective predilections. Segmented public health solutions are needed to target interventions and optimize vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khai Hoan Tram
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Sahar Saeed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Cory Bradley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Branson Fox
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Ingrid Eshun-Wilson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Aaloke Mody
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
| | - Elvin Geng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis,
Missouri, USA
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40
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Perez F. Co-production to tackle vaccine uptake. Perspect Public Health 2022; 142:133-134. [PMID: 35470737 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221093238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Perez
- Policy and Public Affairs Executive, Royal Society for Public Health, London, UK
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Perveen S, Akram M, Nasar A, Arshad‐Ayaz A, Naseem A. Vaccination-hesitancy and vaccination-inequality as challenges in Pakistan's COVID-19 response. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:666-683. [PMID: 34217150 PMCID: PMC8426931 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the mechanism for timely and equitable distribution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination among the various communities in Pakistan. It examines the factors that support and/or impede peoples' access and response towards COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. The study uses a literature synthesis approach to examine and analyze the situation of the COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. The research results show "hesitancy" and "inequality" as two fundamental challenges that hinder the successful delivery of COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. People are reluctant to use vaccines due to conspiracy theories and religious beliefs. However, inequality, especially unequal accessibility to all social groups appears to be a more significant barrier to getting a vaccine. We argue that there is a need to mobilize community influence, social media, and mass media campaigns for public education on vaccination programs along with the engagement of religious leaders to endorse the vaccination for the masses. The area of this study is underdeveloped; thereby, future studies are recommended to investigate the possible way for equitable distribution of vaccines in multiple regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Perveen
- Center for Justice and PeacebuildingEastern Mennonite UniversityHarrisonburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Center for Justice and PeacebuildingEastern Mennonite UniversityHarrisonburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Asim Nasar
- Azman Hashim International Business SchoolUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | | | - Ayaz Naseem
- Department of EducationConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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Tolia V, Renin Singh R, Deshpande S, Dave A, Rathod RM. Understanding Factors to COVID-19 Vaccine Adoption in Gujarat, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2707. [PMID: 35270399 PMCID: PMC8909936 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed threats to human life across the globe, including India. Vaccinating is an effective means of addressing the pandemic threat. The government of India has implemented a massive vaccination drive to save its citizens from the deadly virus. However, the effort has faced multiple challenges, including vaccine hesitancy. This research understands respondents' perspectives on factors contributing to the lower vaccination uptake in Gujarat, India. Forty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted through convenience sampling representing different demographic backgrounds. Factors influencing vaccine adoption included religious leadership, political leadership and the government, and fear of side effects, especially among children and those with co-morbidities, resulting primarily from fake news and misinformation circulated through social media. Compared with nine countries from across the world, the study found similarities to vaccine hesitancy from misinformation and the fear of side effects among children. In contrast, the role of government and the influence of religious and political leaders was considered positive. The study recommends strategies to overcome people's apprehensions about the adoption of vaccination. These include offering incentives, providing positive peer-to-peer communication, recruiting influencers such as religious and community leaders and early adopters such as the elderly population to endorse vaccination, targeting youth through social media, and reaching rural sections by involving NGOs and social service groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral Tolia
- Post Graduate Department of Business Management, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (V.T.); (R.M.R.)
| | | | - Sameer Deshpande
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Anupama Dave
- School of Business and Law, Navrachana University, Vadodara 391410, Gujarat, India;
| | - Raju M. Rathod
- Post Graduate Department of Business Management, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (V.T.); (R.M.R.)
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Tamysetty S, Babu GR, Sahu B, Shapeti S, Ravi D, Lobo E, Varughese CS, Bhide A, Madhale A, Manyal M, Kamble M, Konar A, Sarkar P, Das DK, Mukherjee PS, Singh K, Chauhan AS, Naskar A, Bhatia R, Khetrapal S. Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence: Findings from Slums of Four Major Metro Cities of India. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 10:60. [PMID: 35062720 PMCID: PMC8781952 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited studies on COVID vaccine confidence at the household level in urban slums, which are at high risk of COVID-19 transmission due to overcrowding and poor living conditions. The objective was to understand the reasons influencing COVID-19 vaccine confidence, in terms of barriers and enablers faced by communities in urban slums and informal settlements in four major metro cities in India. A mixed method approach was adopted, where in field studies were conducted during April-May 2021. First, a survey of at least 50 subjects was conducted among residents of informal urban settlements who had not taken any dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in Mumbai, Bengaluru, Kolkata and Delhi; second, a short interview with five subjects who had taken at least one dose of the vaccine in each of the four cities to understand the factors that contributed to positive behaviour and, finally, an in-depth interview of at least 3 key informants in each city to ascertain the vaccination pattern in the communities. The reasons were grouped under contextual, individual/group and vaccine/vaccination specific issues. The most frequent reason (27.7%) was the uncertainty of getting the vaccine. The findings show the need for increasing effectiveness of awareness campaigns, accessibility and the convenience of vaccination, especially among vulnerable groups, to increase the uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayana Tamysetty
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | - Giridhara R. Babu
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | - Biswamitra Sahu
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | - Suresh Shapeti
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | - Deepa Ravi
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | - Eunice Lobo
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Bangalore 560023, India; (G.R.B.); (B.S.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (E.L.)
| | | | - Amita Bhide
- Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai 400088, India; (A.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Avinash Madhale
- Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai 400088, India; (A.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Mukta Manyal
- Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai 400088, India; (A.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Mahesh Kamble
- Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai 400088, India; (A.B.); (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Asokananda Konar
- Liver Foundation, Kolkata 700150, India; (A.K.); (P.S.); (D.K.D.); (P.S.M.)
| | - Pabak Sarkar
- Liver Foundation, Kolkata 700150, India; (A.K.); (P.S.); (D.K.D.); (P.S.M.)
| | - Dipesh Kumar Das
- Liver Foundation, Kolkata 700150, India; (A.K.); (P.S.); (D.K.D.); (P.S.M.)
| | | | - Kultar Singh
- Sambodhi Research and Communication, Pvt Ltd., Noida 201301, India; (K.S.); (A.S.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Ankur Singh Chauhan
- Sambodhi Research and Communication, Pvt Ltd., Noida 201301, India; (K.S.); (A.S.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Aditya Naskar
- Sambodhi Research and Communication, Pvt Ltd., Noida 201301, India; (K.S.); (A.S.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Rajesh Bhatia
- Asian Development Bank, New Delhi 110021, India; (R.B.); (S.K.)
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Harada T, Watanabe T. Changes in Vaccine Hesitancy in Japan across Five Months during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Related Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 10:vaccines10010025. [PMID: 35062686 PMCID: PMC8777828 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although vaccination is a particularly important countermeasure against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccine hesitancy may be a barrier to an effective vaccination program. It is understood that attitude towards vaccines is not a simple binominal decision between hesitancy and acceptance, but a continuum with a wide range of related factors. It is also likely to change depending on the present situation. Therefore, this study aimed to examine changes in vaccination attitudes across a five-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with these changes. We conducted a web-based survey with 1000 participants in Japan in September 2021 and examined the relationship between attitudes regarding vaccination and sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological variables. In addition, we also retrospectively asked for vaccination attitudes as of April 2021. Over the course of five months, we found that vaccine acceptance rates increased from 40.6% to 85.5%. Health-related behaviors such as regular influenza vaccination and medical checkups were consistently associated with vaccine acceptance. Moreover, psychological variables, such as anxiety and risk perception, were associated with changes in vaccination attitudes. As these attitudes can vary depending on time and circumstances, continuous interdisciplinary efforts are required to ensure effective vaccine programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Harada
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3942-5188
| | - Takaaki Watanabe
- Rehabilitation Center, Kitasato University Medical Center, Saitama 361-8501, Japan;
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COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111314. [PMID: 34835245 PMCID: PMC8619490 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy is a threat for fragile patients. We aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and its reasons in a population of liver transplant (LT) recipients. (2) Methods: In February 2021, a questionnaire on COVID-19 vaccines was sent to LT patients followed at our liver transplant outpatient clinic in Milan, Italy. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Patients were defined as willing, hesitant, or refusing and their reasons were investigated. Associations between baseline characteristics and willingness were evaluated. Since March 2021, when the COVID-19 vaccines became available for LT candidates and recipients in Italy, the entire cohort of LT recipients was contacted by phone and called for vaccination, and the rate of refusals recorded. (3) Results: The web-based survey was sent to 583 patients, of whom 190 responded (response rate of 32.6%). Among the respondents to the specific question about hesitancy (184), 157 (85.3%) were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19, while 27 (14.7%) were hesitant. Among the hesitant, three were totally refusing, for a refusal rate of 1.6%. Thirteen hesitant patients (48.1%) answered that their COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was influenced by being a transplant recipient. The fear of adverse effects was the main reason for refusal (81.5%). Of the 711 LT patients followed at our center, 668 got fully vaccinated, while 43 (6.1%) of them refused the scheduled vaccination. (4) Conclusions: Most patients accepted COVID-19 vaccines, although 6.1% refused the vaccine. Since it is crucial to achieve adequate vaccination of LT patients, it is very important to identify the reasons influencing COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy so that appropriate and targeted communication strategies can be established and specific vaccination campaigns further implemented.
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Riad A, Huang Y, Abdulqader H, Morgado M, Domnori S, Koščík M, Mendes JJ, Klugar M, Kateeb E, IADS-SCORE. Universal Predictors of Dental Students' Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination: Machine Learning-Based Approach. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1158. [PMID: 34696266 PMCID: PMC8539257 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND young adults represent a critical target for mass-vaccination strategies of COVID-19 that aim to achieve herd immunity. Healthcare students, including dental students, are perceived as the upper echelon of health literacy; therefore, their health-related beliefs, attitudes and behaviors influence their peers and communities. The main aim of this study was to synthesize a data-driven model for the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine willingness among dental students. METHODS a secondary analysis of data extracted from a recently conducted multi-center and multi-national cross-sectional study of dental students' attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in 22 countries was carried out utilizing decision tree and regression analyses. Based on previous literature, a proposed conceptual model was developed and tested through a machine learning approach to elicit factors related to dental students' willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS machine learning analysis suggested five important predictors of COVID-19 vaccination willingness among dental students globally, i.e., the economic level of the country where the student lives and studies, the individual's trust of the pharmaceutical industry, the individual's misconception of natural immunity, the individual's belief of vaccines risk-benefit-ratio, and the individual's attitudes toward novel vaccines. CONCLUSIONS according to the socio-ecological theory, the country's economic level was the only contextual predictor, while the rest were individual predictors. Future research is recommended to be designed in a longitudinal fashion to facilitate evaluating the proposed model. The interventions of controlling vaccine hesitancy among the youth population may benefit from improving their views of the risk-benefit ratio of COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, healthcare students, including dental students, will likely benefit from increasing their awareness of immunization and infectious diseases through curricular amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanoub Riad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.K.)
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland; (H.A.); (M.M.); (S.D.)
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Institute for Research of Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Huthaifa Abdulqader
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland; (H.A.); (M.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Mariana Morgado
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland; (H.A.); (M.M.); (S.D.)
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Silvi Domnori
- International Association of Dental Students (IADS), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland; (H.A.); (M.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Michal Koščík
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.K.)
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elham Kateeb
- Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 510 00, Palestine;
- Public Health Committee, World Dental Federation (FDI), 1216 Geneva, Switzerland
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Tal O, Ne'eman Y, Sadia R, Shmuel R, Schejter E, Bitan M. Parents' attitudes toward children's vaccination as a marker of trust in health systems. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4518-4528. [PMID: 34613882 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1971472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's vaccination is a major goal in health-care systems worldwide; nevertheless, disparities in vaccination coverage expose socio-demographic accessibility gaps, unawareness, physicians' disapproval and parents' incomplete adherence reflecting insufficient public-provider trust. Our goal was to analyze parents' attitude toward children's vaccination in correlation with trust among stakeholders. A total of 1031 parents replied to a "snowball" questionnaire; 72% reported high trust in their physician, 42% trusted the authorities, 11% trusted internet groups. Among minorities, parents who fully vaccinate their children were younger, live in urban areas, eat all kinds of foods and trust the authorities, similar to the general population. Low adherence to children's vaccination was correlated with trusting internet groups. Females complied significantly more to child vaccination, although in our study mothers were more highly educated and trusted authorities more than males. The results enable to draw a profile of the "vaccination compliant parent" (with an academic degree, young, urban, eats all kinds of foods, uses conservative medicine). Trust is a major factor influencing vaccination, yet external forces such as community voices, social trends and opinions of religious leaders may play a role in vaccination adherence, beyond personal beliefs, individual habits and self-care. In Israel, education and "healthy behavior" perception alongside generous coverage encourage most parents to comply with the routine vaccination program. In the shade of pandemic outbreaks, we suggest a social-determinant transparent approach to encourage parents to vaccinate their children. Social and religious leaders can pose as agents of change, especially in the case of less educated parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Tal
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Israeli Center for Emerging Technologies, ICET, Zrifin, Israel
| | - Yifat Ne'eman
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Rotem Sadia
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Rouchama Shmuel
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eitan Schejter
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Bitan
- Medical Management Program, Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
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48
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Hwang SE, Kim WH, Heo J. Socio-demographic, psychological, and experiential predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Korea, October-December 2020. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 18:1-8. [PMID: 34614382 PMCID: PMC8920123 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1983389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is the primary barrier to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. We used logistic multivariate regression modeling to investigate (1) the prevalence and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, (2) sub-groups that had higher rates of vaccine hesitancy, and (3) vaccine hesitancy predictors. We used a national survey of representatively sampled households (n = 13,021 adults) from October to December 2020. A self-report questionnaire asked about vaccination intention and reasons for hesitancy and gathered data on socio-demographic, demographic, psychological, and experiential factors. Our study indicated that 39.8% of the participants answered that they hesitated or refused to be vaccinated. The most common reason for vaccine hesitancy was a lack of confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine (77.9%). Less or no fear of COVID-19 (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.92–2.26; OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.54–2.08), unstable job status (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.18–1.70), decreased family income (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.21–1.61), and worsening health status (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.13–1.68) were predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Younger age, no religious affiliation, political conservatism, and lower family income were also significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Effective health communication and policies need to consider the target subgroup population and predictors of vaccine hesitancy to attain herd immunity at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Eun Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Han Kim
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Heo
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Quality of Life Group, National Assembly Futures Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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49
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Zolezzi M, Paravattil B, El-Gaili T. Using motivational interviewing techniques to inform decision-making for COVID-19 vaccination. Int J Clin Pharm 2021; 43:1728-1734. [PMID: 34599721 PMCID: PMC8486954 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-021-01334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Motivational interviewing is a patient-centered communication style used to enhance a person’s internal motivation for attitudinal change by exploring and solving inherent ambivalences. In the face of rising COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, pharmacists and other health care professionals may use motivational interviewing to enable individuals making informed decisions with regards to the COVID-19 vaccines. The purpose of this article is to integrate theory with practice by describing a scenario that illustrates how motivational interviewing skills and strategies can be used to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Zolezzi
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Oduwole EO, Mahomed H, Laurenzi CA, Larson HJ, Wiysonge CS. Point-of-care vaccinators' perceptions of vaccine hesitancy drivers: A qualitative study from the cape metropolitan district, South Africa. Vaccine 2021; 39:5506-5512. [PMID: 34446319 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination coverage remains suboptimal in many parts of the world, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), including South Africa. Vaccine hesitancy, a recognized factor contributing to low vaccination uptake in many parts of the world, is suspect in the suboptimal vaccination coverage level in South Africa, particularly in the Western Cape Province. We aimed to investigate vaccine hesitancy and to describe point-of-care vaccinators' perceptions of the drivers of vaccine hesitancy in the Cape Metropolitan District, South Africa (Cape Metro). We conducted in-depth interviews with 19 point-of-care vaccinators in 16 purposively selected healthcare facilities in the Cape Metro between September and November 2019. Participants were sampled purposively as 'rich cases' who had been delivering vaccination services for at least five years post-qualification. We organized the data thematically in ATLAS.ti and report findings thematically by the types of reasons participants reported for vaccine hesitancy amongst clients. FINDINGS Of the 19 interviewees, 11 (59%) reported having encountered vaccine-hesitant clients at some point in their careers. Reasons reported for vaccine hesitancy by clients included: (a) religion, (b) internet misinformation, (c) concern over causing the child pain, (d) natural immunity development, and (e) concern about possible adverse effect following immunization. Vaccine hesitancy in the Cape Metro cuts across all socio-economic classes. Also, some communities perceived to be vaccine-hesitant were mentioned by the participants in this study. CONCLUSIONS Attitude towards vaccination are generally positive in the Cape Metro. However, vaccine hesitancy is present. The issues of vaccine hesitancy at the reported levels can still be mitigated by continuous health education in the clinics and communities, as well as stakeholder engagement as suggested by the point-of-care vaccinators in the Cape Metro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O Oduwole
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Hassan Mahomed
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Christina A Laurenzi
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Heidi J Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Charles S Wiysonge
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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