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Seguel Suazo K, Dobbeleers T, Dries J. Bacterial community and filamentous population of industrial wastewater treatment plants in Belgium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:43. [PMID: 38180550 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of industrial water requires the removal of its pollutants, where biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the most used systems. Biological WWTPs make use of activated sludge (AS), where bacteria are responsible for the removal of pollutants. However, our knowledge of the microbial communities of industrial plants is limited. Understanding the microbial population is essential to provide solutions to industrial problems such as bulking. The aim of this study was to identify at a high taxonomic resolution the bacterial population of 29 industrial WWTPs using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our results revealed that the main functional groups were dominated by Thauera and Zoogloea within denitrifiers, Dechloromonas in phosphate-accumulating organisms, and Defluviicoccus in glycogen-accumulating organisms. The activated sludge characterization indicated that 59% of the industrial plants suffered from bulking sludge, with DSVI values of up to 448 mL g-1. From the bulking cases, 72% corresponded to filamentous bulking with Thiothrix as the most abundant filament; meanwhile, the other 28% corresponded to viscous bulking sludge in which Zoogloea was the most abundant genus. Furthermore, the bacterial population did not share a core of taxa across all industrial plants. However, 20 genera were present in at least 50% of the plants comprising the general core, including Thauera, Ca. Competibacter, and several undescribed microorganisms. Moreover, statistical analysis revealed that wastewater salinity strongly affected the microbial richness of the industrial plants. The bacterial population across industrial plants differed considerably from each other, resulting in unique microbial communities that are attributed to the specificity of their wastewaters. KEY POINTS: • The general core taxa of industrial plants were mostly made up of undescribed bacterial genera. • Filamentous bacteria constituted on average 4.1% read abundance of the industrial WWTPs. • Viscous bulking remains a significant type of bulking within industrial WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Seguel Suazo
- Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering (BioWAVE), Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Thomas Dobbeleers
- Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering (BioWAVE), Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jan Dries
- Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering (BioWAVE), Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Zhang X, Chen D, Jiang N, Hou X, Li Y, Wang Y, Shen J. New insights into algal-bacterial sludge granulation based on the tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances regulation in response to N-Methylpyrrolidone. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121754. [PMID: 38762929 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system is promising in wastewater treatment for its potential in energy-neutrality and carbon-neutrality. However, traditional cultivation of ABGS poses significant challenges attributable to its long start-up period and high energy consumption. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which could be stimulated as a self-defense strategy in cells under toxic contaminants stress, has been considered to contribute to the ABGS granulation process. In this study, photogranulation of ABGS by EPS regulation in response to varying loading rates of N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was investigated for the first time. The results indicated the formation of ABGS with a maximum average diameter of ∼3.3 mm and an exceptionally low SVI5 value of 67 ± 2 mL g-1 under an NMP loading rate of 125 mg L-1 d-1, thereby demonstrating outstanding settleability. Besides, almost complete removal of 300 mg L-1 NMP could be achieved at hydraulic retention time of 48 h, accompanied by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies higher than 90 % and 70 %, respectively. Moreover, possible degradation pathway and metabolism mechanism in the ABGS system for enhanced removal of NMP and nitrogen were proposed. In this ABGS system, the mycelium with network structure constituted by filamentous microorganisms was a prerequisite for photogranulation, instead of necessarily leading to granulation. Stress of 100-150 mg L-1 d-1 NMP loading rate stimulated tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS) variation, resulting in rapid photogranulation. The crucial role of TB-EPS was revealed with the involved mechanisms being clarified. This study provides a novel insight into ABGS development based on the TB-EPS regulation by NMP, which is significant for achieving the manipulation of photogranules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Na Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinying Hou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Cheng Y, Lu C, Gao S, Koju R, Li H, Zhu Z, Hu C, Qu J. Synchronous in-situ sludge reduction and enhanced denitrification through improving electron transfer during endogenous metabolisms with Fe(Ⅱ) addition. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121472. [PMID: 38552492 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
The creation of large amounts of excess sludge and residual nitrogen are critical issues in wastewater biotreatment. This study introduced Fe(II) into an oligotrophic anaerobic reactor (OARFe) that was implemented to modify an anoxic-oxic process to motivate in-situ sludge reduction and enhance denitrification under an effective electron shuttle among organic matter, nitrogen, and Fe. The addition of 15 mg L-1 Fe(II) resulted in a sludge reduction efficiency reached 32.0% with a decreased effluent nitrate concentration of 33.3%. This was mostly attributed to the electron transfer from Fe(II) to organic matters and nitrogen species in OARFe. The participation of Fe(II) led to the upregulation of Geothrix and Terrimonas, which caused active organic matter hydrolysis and cell lysis to stimulate the release of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and substance transfer between each layer of EPS. The higher utilization of released bioavailable dissolved organic matter improved endogenous denitrification, which can be combined with iron autotrophic denitrification to realize multiple electron donor-based nitrogen removal pathways, resulting in an increased nitrate removal rate of 58.2% in the absence of external carbon sources. These functional bacteria associated with the transformation of nitrogen and carbon and cycling between ferrous and ferric ions were enriched in OARFe, which contributed to efficient electron transport occurred both inside and outside the cell and increased 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride electronic transport system activity by 46.9%. This contributed to the potential operational costs of chemical addition and sludge disposal of Fe-AO being 1.9 times lower than those of conventional A2O processes. These results imply that the addition of ferrous ions to an oligotrophic anaerobic zone for wastewater treatment has the potential for low-cost pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Chenghai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shujia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Jiangan Road 12, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Rashmi Koju
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Zongqiang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Jiangan Road 12, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhao Z, Liu Y, Dong X, Jiang Q, Wang J, Yang X, Chen J, Lei Z. Unveiling the role of ferrous ion in driving microalgae granulation from salt-tolerant strains for mariculture wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171315. [PMID: 38431177 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Development of microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) from saline-adapted microalgae is a promising approach for efficient mariculture wastewater treatment, whereas the elusive mechanisms governing granulation have impeded its widespread adoption. In this study, spherical and regular MBGS were successfully developed from mixed culture of pure Spirulina platensis and Chlorella sp. GY-H4 at 10 mg/L Fe2+ concentration. The addition of Fe2+ was proven to induce the formation of Fe-precipitates which served as nucleation sites for microbial attachment and granulation initiation. Additionally, Fe2+ increased the prevalence of exopolysaccharide-producing cyanobacteria, i.e. Synechocystis and Leptolyngbya, facilitating microbial cell adhesion. Furthermore, it stimulated the secretion of extracellular proteins (particularly tryptophan and aromatic proteins), which acted as structural backbone for the development of spherical granule form microalgal flocs. Lastly, it fostered the accumulation of exogenous heterotrophic functional genera, resulting in the efficient removal of DOC (98 %), PO43--P (98 %) and NH4+-N (87 %). Nevertheless, inadequate Fe2+ hindered microalgal floc transformation into granules, excessive Fe2+ expanded the anaerobic zone within the granules, almost halved protein content in the TB-EPS, and inhibited the functional genes expression, ultimately leading to an irregular granular morphology and diminished nutrient removal. This research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms by which Fe2+ promotes the granulation of salt-tolerant microalgae, offering guidance for the establishment and stable operation of MBGS systems in mariculture wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510345, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510345, China
| | - Xiaochuan Dong
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Qianrong Jiang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510345, China
| | - Jixiang Wang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jianyu Chen
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510345, China
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Hong P, Sun X, Yuan S, Wang Y, Gong S, Zhang Y, Sang P, Xiao B, Shu Y. Nitrogen removal intensification of biofilm through bioaugmentation with Methylobacterium gregans DC-1 during wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141467. [PMID: 38387667 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The increasing concern for environmental remediation has led to a search for effective methods to remove eutrophic nutrients. In this study, Methylobacterium gregans DC-1 was utilized to improve nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) via aerobic denitrification. This bacterium has the extraordinary characteristics of strong auto-aggregation and a high ability to remove nitrogen efficiently, making it an ideal candidate for enhanced treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater. This strain was used for the bioassessment of a test reactor (SBBRbio), which showed a shorter biofilm formation time compared to a control reactor (SBBRcon) without this strain inoculation. Moreover, the enhanced biofilm was enriched in TB-EPS and had a wider variety of protein secondary structures than SBBRcon. During the stabilization phase of SBBRbio, the EPS molecules showed the highest proportion of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It is possible that bioaugmentation with this strain positively affects the structural stability of biofilm. At influent ammonia loadings of 100 and 150 mg. L-1, the average reduction of ammonia and nitrate-nitrogen was higher in the experimental system compared to the control system. Additionally, nitrite-N accumulation was lower and N2O production decreased compared to the control. Analysis of the microbial community structure demonstrated successful colonization in the bioreactor by a highly nitrogen-tolerant strain that efficiently removed inorganic nitrogen. These results illustrate the great potential of this type of denitrifying bacteria in the application of bioaugmentation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hong
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Saibo Yuan
- Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Ecology and Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau of Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan 430014, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Shihao Gong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 100872, Hong Kong
| | - Yancheng Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Pengcheng Sang
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- School of Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
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Su H, Li W, Okumura S, Wei Y, Deng Z, Li F. Transfer, elimination and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes in decentralized household wastewater treatment facility treating total wastewater from residential complex. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169144. [PMID: 38070548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The fate and behavior of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in decentralized household wastewater treatment facilities (DHWWTFs) are unclear. In this study, targeting on a representative DHWWTF that receive all wastewater from a residential complex having 150 households, the transfer, elimination and accumulation of tetG, tetM, sul1, sul2 and intl1 were quantitively studied through real-time PCR-based quantification, mass balance evaluation and the existing state analysis based on size fractionation. Significant abundance changes of the genes were observed in involved biological reactions and the sedimentation process due to microbial growth and decomposition as well as the accumulation of the genes to sludge. tetG and sul1 increased in their fluxes against respective input in the influent. Although substantial portions of the increased genes were found in excess sludge compared to the flux of genes in the influent, those remaining in the discharge were still high, with an average about 3.4 × 1014 copies/d. The abundance of all four genes (tetG, tetM, sul1and sul2) in both water and sludge phases showed a general trend of reduction as sludge accumulated gradually in its storage tank within two months after desludging. Classification of ARGs based on particle sizes (>250 μm, 125-250 μm, 75-125 μm, 25-75 μm, 3-25 μm, <3 μm) indicated that while the major part of ARGs were distributed in particles with larger sizes (125-250 μm), ARGs in smaller particles (3-25 μm) and free ARGs (<3 μm) still existed, which may pose a greater threat to water environment due to their poor settleability. The results of this study can benefit the optimization of on-site maintenance and operation of decentralized wastewater treatment facility for elimination of the transfer of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoning Su
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Okumura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yongfen Wei
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Zhiyi Deng
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fusheng Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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Abdelfattah A, Eltawab R, Iqbal Hossain M, Zhou X, Cheng L. Membrane aerated biofilm reactor system driven by pure oxygen for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130130. [PMID: 38040304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Pure oxygen is proposed for wastewater treatment due to its advantages over conventional air aeration. This study investigates a Pure Oxygen-based Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor (PO-MABR) for the first time under various operating conditions. The PO-MABR employs a gas-permeable membrane for direct diffusion of low-pressurized pure oxygen to the biofilm, ensuring exceptional carbon and nitrogen removal. The effectiveness of PO-MABR was investigated by varying operational conditions, including temperature, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, gas pressure, and flow rate. Results indicate superior performance, with a 97% chemical oxygen demand removal and 19% higher total nitrogen removal than Air-Ventilated MABR (A-MABR) due to thicker biofilm and unique microbial structures in PO-MABR. Also, PO-MABR demonstrated resilience to low temperatures and effectively treated both high and low-strength wastewater. The findings emphasize the efficiency of PO-MABR in wastewater treatment, advocating for its adoption due to superior carbon and nitrogen removal across diverse operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Abdelfattah
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Public Works Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt.
| | - Reham Eltawab
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Md Iqbal Hossain
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Environment, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia
| | - Xiangtong Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Materials Engineering, Nanjing University, Nantong 226000, China.
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Wang S, Zhu XM, Hong SD, Zheng SJ, Wang YB, Huang XC, Tian YC, Li WT, Lu YZ, Wu J, Zeng RJ, Dai K, Zhang F. Unveiling the Occurrence and Non-Negligible Role of Amino Sugars in Waste Activated Sludge Fermentation by an Enriched Chitin-Degradation Consortium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1966-1975. [PMID: 38153028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) can form a hybrid matrix network with proteins, impeding waste-activated sludge (WAS) fermentation. Amino sugars, such as N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers and sialic acid, are the non-negligible components in the EPS of aerobic granules or biofilm. However, the occurrence of amino sugars in WAS and their degradation remains unclear. Thus, amino sugars (∼6.0%) in WAS were revealed, and the genera of Lactococcus and Zoogloea were identified for the first time. Chitin was used as the substrate to enrich a chitin-degrading consortium (CDC). The COD balances for methane production ranged from 83.3 and 95.1%. Chitin was gradually converted to oligosaccharides and GlcNAc after dosing with the extracellular enzyme. After doing enriched CDC in WAS, the final methane production markedly increased to 60.4 ± 0.6 mL, reflecting an increase of ∼62%. Four model substrates of amino sugars (GlcNAc and sialic acid) and polysaccharides (cellulose and dextran) could be used by CDC. Treponema (34.3%) was identified as the core bacterium via excreting chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52), especially the genetic abundance of chitinases in CDC was 2.5 times higher than that of WAS. Thus, this study provides an elegant method for the utilization of amino sugar-enriched organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Si-Di Hong
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Si-Jie Zheng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xing-Chen Huang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ye-Chao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yong-Ze Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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Wu Z, Gao H, Chen Z, Su W, Jie Y, Zhu J, Yu R. Effect of predatory bacterial mixtures on biolysis of waste activated sludge to improve dewatering performance. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-32. [PMID: 38041588 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2291419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The generation of surplus sludge during biological wastewater treatment has become a prevalent issue, necessitating the development of a dewatering approach that is efficient, economically feasible, and ecologically sound. Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) are obligatory parasitic bacteria that prey on an array of bacteria. In this study, different BALO strains were isolated and purified from waste activited sludge (WAS). Anti-predation host strains were applied to screen the BALO strains with different host-range to minimize the overlap of the biolysis prey spectrum. In addition, the BALO strains with different host preferences were mixed for sludge biolysis treatment efficiency comparison. The results indicated that the capillary suction time and the bound water content in the WAS treated with the mixed BALOs were significantly decreased by 25.9% ± 1.7% and 5.2% ± 1.2%, respectively, compared to those treated with the single BALO strain. The soluble chemical oxygen demand concentration in the mixed BALOs treated group was increased by 31.2% ± 0.7% than that treated with the single strain. The findings indicate that the mixed strains used in the treatment process resulted in a notable enhancement of both sludge dewatering performance and lysis degree. In addition, the abundance of Proteobacteria treated with the BALO mixtures decreased by 69.1% than the single strain treated one which demonstrated that the BALO mixture expanded the sludge host lysis spectrum. This study revealed the different effects of single and mixed strains on sludge community structure, suggesting that the BALO host range expansion is crucial to further improve sludge dewatering performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210096
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210009
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210096
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210009
| | - Zhoukai Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210096
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210009
- Hangzhou Planning and Design Academy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310012
| | - Wenqiang Su
- Yang Zhong Bi Cheng Environmental Technology limited liability company, Yang Zhong, Jiangsu, China, 212200
| | - Yongfang Jie
- Yang Zhong Bi Cheng Environmental Technology limited liability company, Yang Zhong, Jiangsu, China, 212200
| | - Jian Zhu
- Yang Zhong Bi Cheng Environmental Technology limited liability company, Yang Zhong, Jiangsu, China, 212200
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210096
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210009
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10
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Zhi M, Zhao Y, Zeng X, Maddela NR, Xiao Y, Chen Y, Prasad R, Zhou Z. Filamentous cyanobacteria and hydrophobic protein in extracellular polymeric substances facilitate algae-bacteria aggregation during partial nitrification. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126379. [PMID: 37595699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
In algae-bacteria symbiotic wastewater treatment, the excellent settling performance of algae-bacteria aggregates is critical for biomass separation and recovery. Here, the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), microbial profiles, and functional genes of algae-bacteria aggregates were investigated at different solid retention times (SRTs) (10, 20, and 40 d) during partial nitrification in photo sequencing bioreactors (PSBRs). Results showed that SRTs greatly influenced the nitrogen transformation and the formation and morphological structure of algae-bacteria aggregates. The highest nitrite accumulation, the largest particle size (~1.54 mm) and the best settling performance were observed for the algae-bacteria aggregates in the PSBR with an SRT of 10 d, where the abundant occurrence of filamentous cyanobacteria with the highest ratio of chlorophyll a/b and the lowest EPS amount with the highest protein-to-polysaccharide ratio were observed. In particular, the EPS at 10 d of SRT contained a higher amount of protein-related hydrophobic groups and a lower ratio of α-helix/(β-sheet + random coil), indicating a looser protein structure, which might facilitate the formation and stabilization of algae-bacteria aggregates. Moreover, algal-bacterial aggregation greatly depended on the composition and evolution of filamentous cyanobacteria (unclassified _o__Oscillatoriales and Phormidium accounted for 56.29 % of the identified algae at SRT 10 d). The metagenomic analysis further revealed that functional genes related to amino acid metabolism (e.g., genes of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis) were expressed at high levels within 10 d of SRT. Overall, this study demonstrates the influence of EPS structures and filamentous cyanobacteria on algae-bacteria aggregation and reveals the biological mechanisms driving photogranule structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yiying Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinyu Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Yeyuan Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar 845401, India.
| | - Zhongbo Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China.
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11
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Ma Y, Rui D, Dong H, Zhang X, Ye L. Large-scale comparative analysis reveals different bacterial community structures in full- and lab-scale wastewater treatment bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120222. [PMID: 37331228 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The activated sludge process is widely used for biological wastewater treatment due to its low cost and high efficiency. Although numerous lab-scale bioreactor experiments have been conducted to investigate the microorganism performance and mechanisms in activated sludge, understanding the bacterial community differences between full- and lab-scale bioreactors has remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the bacterial communities in 966 activated sludge samples obtained from various bioreactors, including both full- and lab-scale ones, from 95 previous studies. Our findings reveal significant differences in the bacterial communities between full- and lab-scale bioreactors, with thousands of bacterial genera exclusive to each scale. We also identified 12 genera that are frequently abundant in full-scale bioreactors but rarely observed in lab-scale reactors. By using a machine-learning method, organic matter and temperature were determined as the primary factors affecting microbial communities in full- and lab-scale bioreactors. Additionally, transient bacterial species from other environments may also contribute to the observed bacterial community differences. Furthermore, the bacterial community differences between full- and lab-scale bioreactors were verified by comparing the results of lab-scale bioreactor experiments to full-scale bioreactor sampling. Overall, this study sheds light on the bacteria overlooked in lab-scale studies and deepens our understanding of the differences in bacterial communities between full- and lab-scale bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongni Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haonan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Wang H, Chen H. Response of aerobic activated sludge to edible oil exposure: Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) characteristics and microbial community. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117571. [PMID: 36871358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic activated sludge is widely used to degrade edible oil wastewater in wastewater treatment plants. During this process, the observed poor organics removal performance might be caused by poor sludge settling performance, which might be influenced by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the structure of the microbial community. However, this hypothesis was not confirmed. Thus, this study investigated the response of activated sludge to 50% and 100% edible oil exposure in comparison to glucose, focusing on organics removal performance, characteristics of sludge, EPS, and microbial community structure. Results showed that both concentrations of edible oil influenced the systems' performance, although 100% edible oil showed more significant negative effects than 50% edible oil. The mechanisms behind the influence of edible oil on the aerobic activated sludge system and the differences between the different concentrations of edible oil were revealed. The worse system performance in the edible oil exposure system was due to the worse sludge settling performance, which was significantly affected by edible oil (p < 0.05). The sludge settling performance was mainly inhibited by promoting the formation of floating particles and the enrichment of filamentous bacteria in the 50% edible oil exposure system; biosurfactant secretion was also speculated as the reason, in addition to the above factors, in the 100% edible oil exposure system. The macroscopic largest floating particles, highest total relative abundance of foaming bacteria and biosurfactant production genera (34.32%), lowest surface tension (43.7 mN/m), and highest emulsifying activity (E24 = 25%) of EPS in 100% edible oil exposure systems provide strong evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hongbin Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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13
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Xu R, Zhang W, Fu Y, Fan F, Zhou Z, Chen J, Liu W, Meng F. The positive roles of influent species immigration in mitigating membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors treating municipal wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119907. [PMID: 37001232 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The influence of influent species immigration (ISI) on membrane fouling behaviors of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) treating municipal wastewater remains elusive, leading to an incomprehensive understanding of fouling ecology in MBRs. To address this issue, two anoxic/aerobic MBRs, which were fed with raw (named MBR-C) and sterilized (MBR-E) municipal wastewater, were operated. Compared with the MBR-E, the average fouling rate of the MBR-C was lowered by 30% over the long-term operation. In addition, the MBR-E sludge had significantly higher unified membrane fouling index and biofilm formation potential than the MBR-C sludge. Considerably larger flocs size and lower soluble microbial products (SMP) concentrations were observed in the MBR-C than in the MBR-E. Moreover, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that highly diverse and abundant populations responsible for floc-forming, hydrolysis/fermentation and SMP degradation readily inhabited the influent, shaping a unique microbial niche. Based on species mass balance-based assessment, most of these populations were nongrowing and their relative abundances were higher in the MBR-C than in the MBR-E. This suggested an important contribution of the ISI on the assemblage of these bacteria, thus supporting the increased flocs size and lowered SMP concentrations in the MBR-C. Moreover, the SMP-degrading related bacteria and functional pathways played a more crucial role in the MBR-C ecosystem as revealed by the bacterial co-occurrence network and Picrust2 analysis. Taken together, this study reveals the positive role of ISI in fouling mitigation and highlights the necessity for incorporating influent wastewater communities for fouling control in MBR plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wentian Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yue Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, China.
| | - Zanmin Zhou
- Zhuhai Urban Drainage Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- Zhuhai Urban Drainage Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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14
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Oliveira AS, Alves M, Leitão F, Tacão M, Henriques I, Castro PML, Amorim CL. Bioremediation of coastal aquaculture effluents spiked with florfenicol using microalgae-based granular sludge - a promising solution for recirculating aquaculture systems. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119733. [PMID: 36801579 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a crucial industry in the agri-food sector, but it is linked to serious environmental problems. There is a need for efficient treatment systems that allow water recirculation to mitigate pollution and water scarcity. This work aimed to evaluate the self-granulation process of a microalgae-based consortium and its capacity to bioremediate coastal aquaculture streams that sporadically contain the antibiotic florfenicol (FF). A photo-sequencing batch reactor was inoculated with an autochthonous phototrophic microbial consortium and was fed with wastewater mimicking coastal aquaculture streams. A rapid granulation process occurred within ca. 21 days, accompanied by a substantially increase of extracellular polymeric substances in the biomass. The developed microalgae-based granules exhibited high and stable organic carbon removal (83-100%). Sporadically wastewater contained FF which was partially removed (ca. 5.5-11.4%) from the effluent. In periods of FF load, the ammonium removal slightly decreased (from 100 to ca. 70%), recovering 2 days after FF feeding ceased. A high-chemical quality effluent was obtained, complying with ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate concentrations for water recirculation within a coastal aquaculture farm, even during FF feeding periods. Members belonging to the Chloroidium genus were predominant in the reactor inoculum (ca. 99%) but were replaced from day-22 onwards by an unidentified microalga from the phylum Chlorophyta (>61%). A bacterial community proliferated in the granules after reactor inoculation, whose composition varied in response to feeding conditions. Bacteria from the Muricauda and Filomicrobium genera, Rhizobiaceae, Balneolaceae, and Parvularculaceae families, thrived upon FF feeding. This study demonstrates the robustness of microalgae-based granular systems for aquaculture effluent bioremediation, even during periods of FF loading, highlighting their potential as a feasible and compact solution in recirculation aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto 4169-005, Portugal
| | - Marta Alves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto 4169-005, Portugal
| | - Frederico Leitão
- CESAM and Biology Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Marta Tacão
- CESAM and Biology Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Henriques
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugal
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto 4169-005, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Amorim
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto 4169-005, Portugal.
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15
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Hu ZY, Lin YP, Wang QT, Zhang YX, Tang J, Hong SD, Dai K, Wang S, Lu YZ, van Loosdrecht MCM, Wu J, Zeng RJ, Zhang F. Identification and degradation of structural extracellular polymeric substances in waste activated sludge via a polygalacturonate-degrading consortium. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119800. [PMID: 36868117 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
By maintaining the cell integrity of waste activated sludge (WAS), structural extracellular polymeric substances (St-EPS) resist WAS anaerobic fermentation. This study investigates the occurrence of polygalacturonate in WAS St-EPS by combining chemical and metagenomic analyses that identify ∼22% of the bacteria, including Ferruginibacter and Zoogloea, that are associated with polygalacturonate production using the key enzyme EC 5.1.3.6. A highly active polygalacturonate-degrading consortium (GDC) was enriched and the potential of this GDC for degrading St-EPS and promoting methane production from WAS was investigated. The percentage of St-EPS degradation increased from 47.6% to 85.2% after inoculation with the GDC. Methane production was also increased by up to 2.3 times over a control group, with WAS destruction increasing from 11.5% to 28.4%. Zeta potential and rheological behavior confirmed the positive effect which GDC has on WAS fermentation. The major genus in the GDC was identified as Clostridium (17.1%). Extracellular pectate lyases (EC 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.9), excluding polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15), were observed in the metagenome of the GDC and most likely play a core role in St-EPS hydrolysis. Dosing with GDC provides a good biological method for St-EPS degradation and thereby enhances the conversion of WAS to methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi-Peng Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qing-Ting Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Si-Di Hong
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong-Ze Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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16
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Sheng Q, Lu Y, Yuan S, Li X, Dai X, Guo Y, Dong B. Effect of nitrite on hydrolysis-acidification, biogas production and microbial community in semi-continuous two-phase anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 126:434-444. [PMID: 36503770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous study found that the pre-treatment of sewage sludge with nitrite improves the biogas production during the mono/two-phase anaerobic digestion (AD) using batch biochemical methane potential tests. In this study, the effects of nitrite on hydrolysis-acidification, biogas production, volatile solids destruction and microbial composition in semi-continuous two-phase AD of sewage sludge were investigated. The addition of nitrite promotes sludge organic matter solubilization (+484%) and VFAs production (+98.9%), and causes an increase in the VS degradation rate during the AD process (+8.7%). The comparison of biogas production from the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors with or without the addition of nitrite implies that the nitrite has no significant effect on the overall biogas production of two-phase sludge AD process. High-throughput sequencing analysis shows that the microbial communities of bacteria and archaea in two-phase AD reactors significantly changes after the addition of nitrite. Vulcanibacillus (bacteria) and Candidatus Methanofastidiosum (archaea) become the dominant genera in the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors with the nitrite respectively. These findings provide new insights about using nitrite to promote the organic matter degradation of sewage sludge in a semi-continuous two-phase AD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yiqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shijie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Shanghai Investigation Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Investigation Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China.
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17
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Pan X, Zou X, He J, Pang H, Zhang P, Zhong Y, Ding J. Enhancing short-chain fatty acids recovery through anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge with cation exchange resin assisted lysozyme pretreatment: Performance and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Liang Z, Yao J, Ma H, Peng W, Xia X, Chen Y. A sludge bulking wastewater treatment plant with an oxidation ditch-denitrification filter in a cold region: bacterial community composition and antibiotic resistance genes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33767-33779. [PMID: 36495431 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial community structure of activated sludge directly affects the stable operation of WWTPS, and these bacterial communities may carry a variety of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which is a threat to the public health. This study employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the bacterial community composition and the ARGs in a sludge bulking oxidation ditch-denitrification filter WWTP in a cold region. The results showed that Trichococcus (20.34%), Blautia (7.72%), and Faecalibacterium (3.64%) were the main bacterial genera in the influent. The relative abundances of norank_f_Saprospiraceae and Candidatus_Microthrix reached 10.24% and 8.40%, respectively, in bulking sludge, and those of norank_f_Saprospiraceae and Candidatus_Microthrix decreased to 6.56 and 7.10% after the anaerobic tank, indicating that the anaerobic tank had an inhibitory effect on filamentous bacteria. After 20 mJ/cm2 UV disinfection, about 540 bacterial genera, such as Romboutsia (7.99%), Rhodoferax (7.98%), and Thermomonas (4.13%), could still be detected in the effluent. The ARGs were 345.11 ppm in the influent and 11.20 ppm in the effluent; 17 subtypes, such as sul1, msrE, aadA5, ErmF, and tet(A), could be detected throughout the entire process. These ARG subtypes were persistent ARGs with a high health risk. Network analysis indicated that the changes in filamentous bacteria norank_f_Saprospiraceae abundance mainly contributed to the abundance shift of MexB, and Acinetobacter mainly increased the abundance of drfA1. These results above will provide theoretical support for the sludge bulking and ARGs controls of WWTPs in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Liang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, No. 777 Huarui Street, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Junqin Yao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, No. 777 Huarui Street, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Huiying Ma
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, No. 777 Huarui Street, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Architectural Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Xueliang Xia
- Second Wastewater Treatment Plant of Changji, Changji, 831100, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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19
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Zhang Z, Wang L, Ji Y, Cao R, Zhou J, Li M, Zhu L, Xu X. Understanding the N-acylated homoserine lactones(AHLs)-based quorum sensing for the stability of aerobic granular sludge in the aspect of substrate hydrolysis enhancement. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159581. [PMID: 36397605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficient substrate metabolism is the premise for stable operation of aerobic granular sludge and can be regulated by quorum sensing (QS). In this study, starch and acetate were selected to represent complex and simple substrates to provide comparable amount of metabolic energy for granules cultivation. Starch-fed granules were larger in size and contained higher EPS content than acetate-fed granules, though both granules exhibited similar substrate-degradation rates during sequencing batch reactor (SBR) cycle. Three N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), including C8-HSL, 3OHC8-HSL and 3OHC12-HSL, were detected as dominant autoinducers in granules. They accumulated more in starch-fed granules than acetate-fed granules. The batch experiments were implemented to investigate QS regulation for granular stability in terms of substrate hydrolysis and transformation. The addition of three AHLs increased the activity of α-amylase, the main starch hydrolase, 4-6 times, significantly (p < 0.01) higher than the control treatment without AHLs amendment. While activity of dehydrogenase, the main simple substrate degradation enzyme, was increased only 1-2 times. Higher enzyme activity, especially α-amylase, significantly (p < 0.05) promoted the substrate-degradation rate (65 % than control group) and EPS yield in starch-fed system. Overall, QS can facilitate complex substrate uptake via hydrolysis enhancement and EPS secretion, which together promote sludge granulation and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yatong Ji
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Runjuan Cao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhou
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark 07102, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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20
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Zhang Q, Liu Z, Meng H, Meng G, Cao W, Cao J, Luo J, Wu Y, Zheng J. Re-circulation of Fe/persulfate regulated sludge fermentation products for sewage treatment: Focus on pollutant removal efficiency, microbial community and metabolic activity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160128. [PMID: 36370789 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Persulfate (PS)-based technologies have been demonstrated as efficient methods for enhancing the performance of waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation. Except for volatile fatty acids (VFAs), however, some exogenous substances would be also released during this process, which might affect its application as a carbon source for sewage treatment. To fill this knowledge gap, the feasibility of sludge fermentation liquid regulated by Fe/persulfate (PS) (PS-FL) as a carbon source for sewage treatment was investigated in this study. Results indicated that PS-FL exhibits distinct effects on the pollutants removal compared with commercial sodium acetate. It facilitates PO43--P removal but slightly inhibited COD removal & denitrification, and sludge settleability was also decreased. The mechanistic analysis demonstrated that PS-FL could stimulate the enrichment of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria (i.e. Candidatus Accumulibacter) and the enhancement of their metabolic activities (i.e. PKK), thereby enhancing the biological PO43--P removal. Moreover, Fe ions in PS-FL could combine with PO43--P to form a precipitate and thus further contributed to PO43--P removal. Conversely, the sulfate reduction process induced by SO42- in PS-FL inhibits denitrification by reducing the abundance of denitrifying bacteria (i.e. Dechloromonas) and metabolic activities (i.e. narG). Additionally, PS-FL also decreased the abundance of flocculation bacteria (i.e. Flavobacterium) and down-regulated the expression of functional genes responsible for COD removal, by which it exhibited certain negative effects on COD removal and sludge settleability. Overall, this work demonstrated that PS-FL can re-circulation as a carbon source for sewage treatment, which provides a new approach to recovering valuable carbon sources from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Zailiang Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Hailing Meng
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Guanhua Meng
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243000, China
| | - Wangbei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098, PR China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098, PR China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098, PR China.
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243000, China.
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21
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Dueholm MKD, Besteman M, Zeuner EJ, Riisgaard-Jensen M, Nielsen ME, Vestergaard SZ, Heidelbach S, Bekker NS, Nielsen PH. Genetic potential for exopolysaccharide synthesis in activated sludge bacteria uncovered by genome-resolved metagenomics. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119485. [PMID: 36538841 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A good floc formation of activated sludge (AS) is crucial for solid-liquid separation and production of clean effluent during wastewater treatment. Floc formation is partly controlled by self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as exopolysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Little is known about the composition, structure, and function of EPS in AS and which bacteria produce them. To address this knowledge gap for the exopolysaccharides, we took advantage of 1083 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) obtained from 23 Danish wastewater treatment plants. We investigated the genomic potential for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bacterial species typical in AS systems based on genome mining and gene synteny analyses. Putative gene clusters associated with the biosynthesis of alginate, cellulose, curdlan, diutan, hyaluronic acids, Pel, poly-β-1,6-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (PNAG), Psl, S88 capsular polysaccharide, salecan, succinoglycan, and xanthan were identified and linked to individual MAGs, providing a comprehensive overview of the genome-resolved potential for these exopolysaccharides in AS bacteria. The approach and results provide a starting point for a more comprehensive understanding of EPS composition in wastewater treatment systems, which may facilitate a more refined regulation of the activated sludge process for improved stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Kam Dahl Dueholm
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Maaike Besteman
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Emil Juel Zeuner
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marie Riisgaard-Jensen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Eneberg Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sofie Zacho Vestergaard
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren Heidelbach
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Sundgaard Bekker
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Per Halkjær Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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22
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Xia M, Yu D, Chen H, Dai J, Gao N, Li S, Bi X, Qiu D. An RpoN-dependent PEP-CTERM gene is involved in floc formation of an Aquincola tertiaricarbonis strain. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:20. [PMID: 36658495 PMCID: PMC9850573 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The floc is a characteristic of microbial aggregate growth, displaying cloudy suspensions in water. Floc formation has been demonstrated in a series of bacteria and the floc-forming bacteria play a crucial role in activated sludge (AS) process widely used for municipal sewage and industrial wastewater treatment over a century. It has been demonstrated that some exopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes and the sigma factor (sigma54 or rpoN) were required for floc forming in some bacteria. However, the mechanism underlying the floc formation stills need to be elucidated. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that a TPR (Tetratricopeptide repeats) protein-encoding gene prsT is required for floc formation of Aquincola tertiaricarbonis RN12 and an upstream PEP-CTERM gene (designated pepA), regulated by RpoN1, is involved in its floc formation but not swarming motility and biofilm formation. Overexpression of PepA could rescue the floc-forming phenotype of the rpoN1 mutant by decreasing the released soluble exopolysaccharides and increasing the bound polymers. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the wide-spread PEP-CTERM proteins play an important role in the self-flocculation of bacterial cells and may be a component of extracellular polymeric substances required for floc-formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xia
- grid.411854.d0000 0001 0709 0000School of Life Sciences, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056 China ,grid.411854.d0000 0001 0709 0000Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056 China
| | - Dianzhen Yu
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China ,grid.419092.70000 0004 0467 2285Institute for Nutritional Sciences, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Han Chen
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China ,grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei Province China
| | - Jingcheng Dai
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei Province China
| | - Na Gao
- grid.469521.d0000 0004 1756 0127Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Shuyang Li
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei Province China
| | - Xuezhi Bi
- grid.452198.30000 0004 0485 9218Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138668 Singapore
| | - Dongru Qiu
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei Province China
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23
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Wang Z, Zeng Y, Cheng K, Cai Z, Zhou J. The quorum sensing system of Novosphingobium sp. ERN07 regulates aggregate formation that promotes cyanobacterial growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158354. [PMID: 36041622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial aggregates play key roles in cyanobacterial blooms. Being a bacterial communication mechanism, quorum sensing (QS) synchronizes gene expression in a density-dependent manner and regulates bacterial physiological behavior. However, the regulatory role of QS in the formation of cyanobacteria-associated bacterial aggregates remains poorly understood. Here, we present insight into the role of QS in regulating bacterial aggregate formation in a representative bacterial strain, Novosphingobium sp. ERN07, which was isolated from Microcystis blooms in Lake Taihu. A biosensor assay showed that ERN07 exhibits significant AHL-producing capacity. Biochemical and microscopic analysis revealed that this strain possesses the ability to form aggregated communities. Gene knockout experiments indicated that the AHL-mediated QS system positively regulates bacterial aggregation. The aggregated communities possess the ability to enhance the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), alter EPS composition ratios, and affect biofilm formation. The addition of aggregated substances also has a significant growth-promoting effect on M. aeruginosa. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the aggregated substances positively regulate photosynthetic efficiency and energy metabolism of M. aeruginosa. These findings show that QS can mediate the aggregation phenotype and associated substrate spectrum composition, contributing to a better understanding of microalgal-bacterial interactions and mechanisms of Microcystis bloom maintenance in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Wang
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yanhua Zeng
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Keke Cheng
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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24
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Christiaens AS, Van Steenkiste M, Rummens K, Smets I. Amyloid adhesin production in activated sludge is enhanced in lab-scale sequencing batch reactors: Feeding regime impacts microbial community and amyloid distribution. WATER RESEARCH X 2022; 17:100162. [PMID: 36479239 PMCID: PMC9720597 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2022.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid adhesins are β-sheet-rich extracellular proteins thought to contribute to bioflocculation. They are present in activated sludge to varying extent. However, it remains unclear which operational conditions promote their production. To this end, the abundance and distribution of amyloids and their potential producers were monitored in two lab-scale reactors operated in sequencing batch mode with an unaerated and aerated reaction phase. Various feeding regimes ranging from feast-famine to nearly continuous feeding were applied. Thioflavin T staining revealed more amyloids in the lab-scale reactors during all operational stages compared to the full-scale industrial and municipal inocula. Furthermore, the feeding regime impacted the distribution of produced amyloids from dense clusters during feast-famine conditions towards a dispersed distribution during nearly continuous feeding. This dispersed presence did not negatively impact the bioflocculation (towards average floc size and shear sensitivity). 16S rRNA sequencing detected several known EPS and amyloid producers. More continuous and, hence, partially aerobic feeding promoted the relative abundance of denitrifiers. Sequential Thioflavin T staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization identified Zoogloea and Ca. Competibacter as potential amyloid producers under the applied conditions. This experiment confirms that amyloid producers need to be triggered for production and that the feeding regime impacts the microbial community composition, which in turn influences the amyloid production and distribution.
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25
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Godzieba M, Zubrowska-Sudol M, Walczak J, Ciesielski S. Development of microbial communities in biofilm and activated sludge in a hybrid reactor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12558. [PMID: 35869109 PMCID: PMC9307651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMicroorganisms play a key role in biological wastewater treatment. The form in which biomass develops determines the efficiency and mechanisms of organic compound conversion, due to different conditions in various microbial structures. However, the results of studies comparing the microbial communities in biofilm and activated sludge have often conflicted. Therefore, this study compared the composition and development of the bacterial communities in biofilm and activated sludge in a hybrid reactor, employing 16S rRNA sequencing. Statistical analysis of the sequencing data included the identification of taxa characteristic to the biofilm and activated sludge, alpha and beta diversity analysis, and network analysis. These analyses indicated that the biofilm bacterial community was richer and more diverse than the activated sludge community. The mean numbers of OTU were 1614 in the biofilm and 993 in the activated sludge, and the mean values of the Chao1 (1735 vs. 1105) and Shannon (5.3 vs. 4.3) biodiversity indices were significantly higher for the biofilm. The biofilm was a better environment for development of nitrifiers (e.g., Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira) and phosphorus accumulating organisms (Candidatus Accumulibacter). Bacteria in the biofilm co-occurrence network had more connections (based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) with each other, indicating that they interact more than those in the activated sludge.
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26
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Yu Z, Chen J, Tan Y, Shen Y, Zhu L, Yu P. Phage Predation Promotes Filamentous Bacterium Piscinibacter Colonization and Improves Structural and Hydraulic Stability of Microbial Aggregates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16230-16239. [PMID: 36173693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although bacteria-phage interactions have broad environmental applications and ecological implications, the influence of phage predation on bacterial aggregation and structural stability remains largely unexplored. Herein, we demonstrate that inefficient lytic phage predation can promote host filamentous bacterium Piscinibacter colonization onto non-host Thauera aggregates, improving the structural and hydraulic stability of the dual-species aggregates. Specifically, phage predation at 103-104 PFU/mL (i.e., multiplication of infection at 0.01-0.1) promoted initial Piscinibacter colonization by 10-15 folds and resulted in 29-31% higher abundance of Piscinibacter in the stabilized aggregates than that in the control aggregates without phage predation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulated genes related to quorum sensing (by 15-92 folds) and polysaccharide secretion (by 10-90 folds) within the treated aggregates, which was consistent with 120-172% higher content of polysaccharides for the treated dual-species aggregates. Confocal laser scanning microscopic images further confirmed the increase of filamentous bacteria and polysaccharides (both with wider distribution) within the dual-species aggregates. Accordlingly, the aggregates' structural strength (via atomic force microscopes) and shear resistance (via hydraulic stress tests) increased by 77 and 42%, respectively, relative to the control group. In the long-term experiments, the enhanced hydraulic stability of the treated aggregates could facilitate dwelling bacteria propagation in flow-through conditions. Overall, our study demonstrates that phage predation can promote bacterial aggregation and enhance aggregate structural stability, revealing the beneficial role of lytic phage predation on bacterial symbiosis and environmental adaptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuodong Yu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Juhong Chen
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yixiao Tan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pingfeng Yu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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27
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Zhang H, Quan H, Yin S, Sun L, Lu H. Unraveling the Toxicity Associated with Ciprofloxacin Biodegradation in Biological Wastewater Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15941-15952. [PMID: 36264842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Incomplete mineralization of antibiotics in biological sludge systems poses a risk to the environment. In this study, the toxicity associated with ciprofloxacin (CIP) biodegradation in activated sludge (AS), anaerobic methanogenic sludge (AnMS), and sulfur-mediated sludge (SmS) systems was examined via long-term bioreactor tests and a series of bioassays. The AS and AnMS systems were susceptible to CIP and its biotransformation products (TPs) and exhibited performance deterioration, while the SmS system exhibited high tolerance against the toxicity of CIP and its TPs along with excellent pollutant removal. Up to 14 TPs were formed via piperazinyl substituent cleavage, defluorination, decarboxylation, acetylation, and hydroxylation reactions in AS, AnMS, and SmS systems. Biodegradation of CIP in the AS, AnMS, and SmS systems, however, could not completely eliminate its toxicity as evident from the inhibition of Vibrio fischeri luminescence along with Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis growth. The anaerobic systems (AnMS and SmS) were more effective than the aerobic AS system at CIP biodegradation, significantly reducing the antibacterial activity of CIP and its TPs in the aqueous phase. In addition, the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that the TPs produced via decarboxylation and hydroxylation (TP2 and TP4) as well as by cleavage of piperazine (TP12, TP13, and TP14) exhibited higher toxicity than CIP. The findings of this study provide insights into the toxicity and possible risks associated with CIP biodegradation in biological wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518021, PR China
| | - Haoting Quan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shizhong Yin
- China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lianpeng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
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28
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Wang X, Yang H, Liu X, Wang J. Formation mechanisms and assembly patterns of anammox biofilm induced by carrier type: Novel insights based on low-strength wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127863. [PMID: 36055541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The morphological structure, properties, microbial community and function of anammox biofilms induced by large-pore carriers (Bls), small-pore carriers, filament carriers and non-carriers (Bn) in low-strength wastewater were comprehensively studied. The carriers promoted biomass accumulation and agglomeration, with Bls demonstrating the highest biomass proportion of 0.76, the highest specific anammox activity (0.41 kgN/(kgVSS·d)-1) and the largest aggregates. Hydraulic shearing stimulated Bn to secrete most extracellular polymeric substances and capture more inorganic ions for enhanced strength. Metagenomic sequencing showed that the four biofilms shared a common core flora, but differed in cross-metabolism. The proportion of the functional bacterium Candidatus Brocadia was highest in Bls, while the increase in heterotrophic bacteria in Bn supported stronger metabolic capacity. Finally, the proposed anisotropic or isotropic carrier structure was identified as the key to generating "uniform development" and "central development" models. This study is helpful for understanding the anammox aggregation mechanism and carrier optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - XuYan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - JiaWei Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
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29
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Wang SN, Fang F, Li KY, Yue YR, Xu RZ, Luo JY, Ni BJ, Cao JS. Sludge reduction and microbial community evolution of activated sludge induced by metabolic uncoupler o-chlorophenol in long-term anaerobic-oxic process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115230. [PMID: 35537269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Excess sludge management is a restrictive factor for the development of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The addition of metabolic uncouplers has been proven to be effective in sludge reduction. However, the long-term effect of metabolic uncoupler o-chlorophenol (oCP) on the biological wastewater treatment system operated in anaerobic-oxic mode is still unclear. To this end, two parallel reactors operated in anaerobic-oxic mode with and without 10 mg/L of oCP addition were investigated for 91 days. The results showed that 56.1 ± 2.3% of sludge reduction was achieved in the oCP-added system, and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability were negatively affected. Dosing oCP stimulated the formation of microbial products and increased the DNA concentration, but resulted in a decrease in the electronic transport activity of activated sludge. Microbial community analysis further demonstrated that a significant reduction of bacterial richness and diversity occurred after oCP dosing. However, after stopping oCP addition, the pollutant removal ability of activated sludge was gradually increased, but the sludge yield, as well as species richness and diversity, did not recover to the previous level. This study will provide insightful guidance on the long-term application of metabolic uncouplers in the activated sludge system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Ke-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ying-Rong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Run-Ze Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jia-Shun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Wang Y, Zhao X, Wang Y, Wang I, Turap Y, Wang W. Hydrothermal treatment enhances the removal of antibiotic resistance genes, dewatering, and biogas production in antibiotic fermentation residues. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128901. [PMID: 35500337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are enriched in antibiotic fermentation residues (AFRs). In this study, we investigated the effect of hydrothermal treatment on dewatering, biogas production, and removal of ARGs in the penicillin fermentation residue (PFR). Solid, 120 µm particles in the PFR were disintegrated to 30 - 40 µm after 140 - 180 °C hydrothermal range. Of extracellular polymeric substance, 79.8 ± 0.4% was decomposed to release 82.2 ± 0.6% of bound water at 180 °C. The effective solid-liquid separation was achieved only after a hydrothermal treatment of 180 °C. More than 75% of organic matter in the filtrate was transformed into biogas by the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB). The absolute abundance of 16 S rRNA and ARGs decreased by 2.4 - 5.2 logs after hydrothermal treatment. The ratio of extracellular ARGs (eARGs) to total ARGs increased at 80 °C and decreased at higher temperature (>120 °C). The absolute abundance of ARGs increased by 0.7 - 1.6 logs in anaerobic digestion, and the relative abundances of ARGs based on 16 S rRNA plummeted by 3 logs. Most (98.7 ± 0.4%) ARGs were distributed in suspended solids and were removed by membrane filtration. Hydrothermal treatment demonstrated broad applicability to 10 varieties of AFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiumei Zhao
- NCPC Environment Protection & Research Co., LT, Shijiazhuang 050015, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Iwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yusan Turap
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Lai KP, Tsang CF, Li L, Yu RMK, Kong RYC. Microplastics act as a carrier for wastewater-borne pathogenic bacteria in sewage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134692. [PMID: 35504476 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution, a pressing global environmental problem, has a severe impact on both aquatic ecosystems and public health worldwide. Due to the small size of microplastics, they are able to pass through the filtration systems of municipal wastewater treatment works (WWTWs). In recent years, studies have focused on the environmental abundance and ecotoxicological effects of microplastics, but there are limited studies investigating the colonization of microplastics by bacteria, especially those pathogenic ones. In this study, we examined the colonization and composition of the bacterial communities on polyethylene microbeads after incubation in raw sewage collected from three municipal WWTWs in Hong Kong (Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works, Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works, and Shek Wu Hui Sewage Treatment Works). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that bacterial cells were colonized on the surfaces of the microbeads and formed biofilms after sewage incubation. Metagenomic sequencing data demonstrated an increase in bacterial diversity after 21 days of sewage incubation when compared to shorter incubation periods of 6, 11 and 16 days. Importantly, human and fish pathogens such as Arcobacter cryaerophilus, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio areninigrae and Vibrio navarrensis were found in the resident bacterial communities. Taken together, our results demonstrate that microplastics could act as a carrier for wastewater-borne pathogenic bacteria in municipal sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chau Fong Tsang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Richard Man Kit Yu
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Richard Yuen Chong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Rau J, Werner D, Beer M, Höper D, Kampen H. The microbial RNA metagenome of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Germany. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:2587-2599. [PMID: 35857094 PMCID: PMC9378336 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive mosquito species that has become widespread across the globe. In addition, it is an efficient vector of numerous pathogens of medical and veterinary importance, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Among others, the vector potential of mosquitoes is influenced by their microbiome. However, this influence is very dynamic and can vary between individuals and life stages. To obtain a rough overview on the microbiome of Ae. albopictus populations in Germany, pooled female and pooled male individuals from seven German locations were investigated by total RNA sequencing. The mosquito specimens had been collected as larvae in the field and processed immediately after adult emergence, i.e. without females having fed on blood. RNA fragments with high degrees of identity to a large number of viruses and microorganisms were identified, including, for example, Wolbachia pipientis and Acinetobacter baumannii, with differences between male and female mosquitoes. Knowledge about the natural occurrence of microorganisms in mosquitoes may be translated into new approaches to vector control, for example W. pipientis can be exploited to manipulate mosquito reproduction and vector competence. The study results show how diverse the microbiome of Ae. albopictus can be, and the more so needs to be adequately analysed and interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Rau
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Muencheberg, Germany
| | - Martin Beer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dirk Höper
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Helge Kampen
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany
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Gao N, Dai J, Liu Y, Li S, Wang J, Lu W, Qiu D. Cellulose-mediated floc formation by the activated sludge bacterium Shinella zoogloeoides ATCC 19623. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:104. [PMID: 35421928 PMCID: PMC9012009 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial floc formation plays a central role in the activated sludge (AS) process. The formation of AS flocs has long been known to require exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. We had demonstrated that both expolysaccharides and PEP-CTERM (a short C-terminal domain includes a near-invariant motif Pro-Glu-Pro (PEP)) proteins were required for floc-forming in Zoogloea resiniphila MMB, a dominant AS bacterium. However, the PEP-CTERM proteins are not encoded in the genome of AS bacterium Shinella zoogloeoides ATCC 19623 (formerly known as Zoogloea ramigera I-16-M) and other sequenced AS bacteria strains. The mechanism underlying floc formation of Shinella and related AS bacteria remained largely unclear. Results In this study, we have sequenced and annotated the complete genome of S. zoogloeoides ATCC 19623 (aka I-16-M), previously isolated in USA and treated as the neotype for the AS floc-forming bacterium Zoogloea ramigera I-16-M, and another AS strain XJ20 isolated in China. Mariner transposon mutagenesis had been conducted to isolate floc-forming-deficient mutants in the strain ATCC 19623 as previously performed by using Tn5 transposon three decades ago. The transposon insertional sites of multiple mutants were mapped to the gene cluster for bacterial cellulose synthesis (bcs) and secretion, and the role played by these genes in floc-formation had been further confirmed by genetic complementation. Interestingly, the restriction map of this bcs locus-flanking region was highly similar to that of the previously identified DNA fragment required for floc-formation in 1980s. Cellulase treatment abolished the floc-forming phenotype of S. zoogloeoides ATCC 19623 but not that of Z. resiniphila MMB strain. The FTIR spectral analyses revealed that the samples extracted from S. zoogloeoides ATCC 19623 were cellulose polymer. Conclusion Our results indicated that we have largely reproduced and completed the unfinished pioneering work on AS floc-formation mechanism, demonstrating that the floc-formation and flocculating capability of Shinella were mediated by extracellular cellulose polymers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02516-y.
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Tang Q, Wu M, Zhang Y, Li J, Liang J, Zhou H, Qu Y, Zhang X. Performance and bacterial community profiles of sequencing batch reactors during long-term exposure to polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene microplastics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126393. [PMID: 34826561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), but much remains to be learned about their roles in WWTPs. Herein, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) particles were added into sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), and the sole impacts and co-impacts of MPs with other pollutants (phenol and Cu2+) on wastewater treatment processes were evaluated. Results indicated that MPs did not significantly affect SBR performance, either alone or co-occurrence with phenol, but the co-exposure to MPs and Cu2+ severely suppressed COD removal efficiency by 37.02%-64.70%. The functional groups of activated sludge had no changes after receiving MPs, but the MPs-Cu2+ co-exposure could greatly promote the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. Furthermore, MPs had no negative impacts on diversity, richness and structure of bacterial communities, and PET and PE showed different preferences for enrichment of bacterial populations. Moreover, the MPs-Cu2+ co-exposure obviously reduced the overall abundances of Cu-related genes in SBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Panjin QIZHENG Environmental Water Co., Ltd., Panjin 124211, China
| | - Jingzhe Li
- Panjin QIZHENG Environmental Water Co., Ltd., Panjin 124211, China
| | - Jinxuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuwang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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Responses of Nitrogen Removal, Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPSs), and Physicochemical Properties of Activated Sludge to Different Free Ammonia (FA) Concentrations. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of free ammonia (FA) on the nitrogen removal performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), and physicochemical properties of activated sludge, four laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated at FA concentrations of 0.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/L (R0.5, R5, R10, and R15, respectively). Results showed that nitrogen removal and the production of EPSs and their components (including polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acid) significantly increased with the increased FA concentration from 0.5 to 10 mg/L; however, they decreased with a further increase in FA to 15 mg/L. Moreover, the capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance of filtration (SRF), and sludge volume index (SVI) decreased when FA concentration increased, indicating that better settleability and dewaterability of activated sludge was obtained. Additionally, a path diagram showed that Nitrosomonas was positively correlated, while Denitratisoma was negatively correlated with EPSs and their components. Thauera was positively correlated, while Zoogloea was negatively correlated with the settleability and de-waterability of activated sludge.
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Wan K, Zheng S, Ye C, Hu D, Zhang Y, Dao H, Chen S, Yu X. Ancient Oriental Wisdom still Works: Removing ARGs in Drinking Water by Boiling as compared to Chlorination. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117902. [PMID: 34910990 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in municipal drinking water may not be effectively removed during centralized treatment. To reduce potential health risks, water disinfection at the point-of-use scale is warranted. This study investigated the performance of boiling, a prevalent household water disinfection means, in response to ARGs contamination. We found that boiling was more efficient in inactivating both Escherichia coli and environmental bacteria compared to chlorination and pasteurization. Boiling of environmental bacteria suspension removed a much broader spectrum of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (up to 141 genes) than chlorination (up to 13 genes), such better performance was largely attributed to a stronger inactivation of chlorine-tolerant bacteria including Acinetobacter and Bacillus. Accumulation of extracellular ARGs was found during low-temperature heating (≤ 80°C) and in the initial stage of chlorination (first 3 min when initial chlorine was 5 mg/L and first 12 min when initial chlorine was 1 mg/L). These extracellular ARGs as well as the intracellular ARGs got removed as the heating temperature increased or the chlorination time prolonged. Under the same treatment time (30 min), high-temperature heating (≥ 90.1°C) damaged the DNA structure more thoroughly than chlorination (5 mg/L). Taking into account the low transferability of ARGs after DNA melting, boiling may provide an effective point-of-use approach to attenuating bacterial ARGs in drinking water and is still worth promoting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wan
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shikan Zheng
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chengsong Ye
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dong Hu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Haosha Dao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Zhang S, Qi H, Hou Y, Gao M, Wang J, Zhang A, Chen Y, Liu Y. A comparison between exogenous carriers enhanced aerobic granulation under low organic loading in the aspect of sludge characteristics, extracellular polymeric substances and microbial communities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126567. [PMID: 34923077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS), aluminum sulfate (AS) and diatomite were added to enhance the aerobic granulation under low organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.6 kg·COD/(m3·d), and their effects of aerobic granule formation, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion and microbial community were investigated. The results showed that adding carriers could facilitated the growth of aerobic granules and improve the sludge settleability and biomass retention. Nutrient removal efficiencies were also enhanced. Compared with diatomite, adding PFS and AS resulted in more significant increase in EPS production, especially for the extracellular proteins. For microbial community, the dominated bacteria (Zoogloea, 18.47-23.95%) in the mature granular consortia were similar. Moreover, the introduction of PFS and diatomite contributed to the enrichment of Paracoccus, which was responsible for denitrification. Adding carriers potentially activated the functional genes related to metabolism and genetic information processing, and PFS had the most significant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Xuhua Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Hao Qi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yiwen Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Min Gao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 58, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Aining Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 10 Fenghui South Road, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Wen H, Zhu H, Yan B, Bañuelos G, Shutes B, Wang X, Cao S, Cheng R, Tian L. High removal efficiencies of antibiotics and low accumulation of antibiotic resistant genes obtained in microbial fuel cell-constructed wetlands intensified by sponge iron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150220. [PMID: 34560453 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Using microbial fuel cells with constructed wetlands (MFC-CWs) for eliminating antibiotics has recently attracted extensive attention. However, antibiotic removal efficiencies in MFC-CWs must be enhanced, and the accumulation of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) remains an unmanageable issue. This study tries to enhance the antibiotic removal in synthetic wastewater and reduce ARGs by adding sponge iron (s-Fe0) and calcium peroxide to the anode and cathode of MFC-CWs, respectively, and/or simultaneously. The results demonstrated that adding s-Fe0 and calcium peroxide to MFC-CWs could improve the removal efficiencies of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) by 0.8-1.3% and 6.0-8.7%. Therein, s-Fe0 also significantly reduced 84.10-94.11% and 49.61-60.63% of total sul and tet genes, respectively. Furthermore, s-Fe0 improved the voltage output, power density, columbic efficiency, and reduced the internal resistance of reactors. The intensification to the electrode layers posed a significant effect on the microbial community composition and functions, which motivated the shift of antibiotic removal, accumulation of ARGs and bioelectricity generation in MFC-CWs. Given the overall performance of MFC-CWs, adding s-Fe0 to the anode region of MFC-CWs was found to be an effective strategy for removing antibiotics and reducing the accumulation of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China.
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Gary Bañuelos
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, USA
| | - Brian Shutes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Shujing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Liping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Belikov SI, Petrushin IS, Chernogor LI. Genome Analysis of the Janthinobacterium sp. Strain SLB01 from the Diseased Sponge of the Lubomirskia baicalensis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:2220-2237. [PMID: 34940130 PMCID: PMC8929069 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The strain Janthinobacterium sp. SLB01 was isolated from the diseased freshwater sponge Lubomirskia baicalensis (Pallas, 1776) and the draft genome was published previously. The aim of this work is to analyze the genome of the Janthinobacterium sp. SLB01 to search for pathogenicity factors for Baikal sponges. We performed genomic analysis to determine virulence factors, comparing the genome of the strain SLB01 with genomes of other related J. lividum strains from the environment. The strain Janthinobacterium sp. SLB01 contained genes encoding violacein, alpha-amylases, phospholipases, chitinases, collagenases, hemolysin, and a type VI secretion system. In addition, the presence of conservative clusters of genes for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of tropodithietic acid and marinocine was found. We present genes for antibiotic resistance, including five genes encoding various lactamases and eight genes for penicillin-binding proteins, which are conserved in all analyzed strains. Major differences were found between the Janthinobacterium sp. SLB01 and J. lividum strains in the spectra of genes for glycosyltransferases and glycoside hydrolases, serine hydrolases, and trypsin-like peptidase, as well as some TonB-dependent siderophore receptors. Thus, the study of the analysis of the genome of the strain SLB01 allows us to conclude that the strain may be one of the pathogens of freshwater sponges.
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Li X, Xie H, Liu G, Zhang R, Ma X, Chen H. Optimizing temperature for enhancing waste activated sludge decomposition in lysozyme and rhamnolipid pretreatment system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125868. [PMID: 34523578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of temperature on the hydrolysis and decomposition of waste activated sludge (WAS) during the enhanced pretreatment system with lysozyme and rhamnolipid (Ly + RL). Results showed that temperature increasing from 15℃ to 55℃ could obviously enhance the release of soluble organic matters and WAS decomposition degree within the Ly + RL pretreatment system. Compared to the sum of sole Ly and sole RL pretreatment, Ly + RL combined pretreatment system at 45℃ presented best synergistic hydrolysis performance. The decomposition degree of bacteria and archaea reached 47.6% and 88.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, increasing temperature could recede the diversity of microbial community in the system. Gammaproteobacteria, with the relative abundance of 90.7%, occupied the absolute dominant position at 45℃. Furthermore, with the rise of temperature, more volatile fatty acids were harvested after anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Gaige Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China.
| | - Ruijun Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Hongying Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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41
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Havlíček K, Nechanická M, Lederer T, Kolčavová Sirková B. Analysis of nitrifying bacteria growth on two new types of biomass carrier using respirometry and molecular genetic methods. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112795. [PMID: 34544026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses the testing of two newly produced biomass carriers (micro- and nanofibers) and one commercially available AnoxKaldnes™ K3 carrier in a laboratory post-nitrification reactor. The carriers were prepared under parameters suitable for high-quality biomass adhesion to their surface, and each was characterized by its specific structures. As part of the evaluation of the biofilms using respirometry and molecular genetic methods, the carriers were assessed in terms of their effectiveness and comparability. The rate of biofilm development was dependent on the structure and surface properties of the individual carriers. The results showed that the biofilm most strongly adhered to nanofiber carriers, where nitrating bacteria's slower but more abundant development occurred. Microfiber carriers were more stable, but a diverse internal structure may be unsuitable in a populated carrier's early stages. The AnoxKaldnes™ K3 carriers showed the slowest growth of biofilm, but the monitored nitrifying bacteria were abundant after an extended time. AOB representatives are likely to prefer an environment with a high amount of biomass and a large active area. Conversely, NOB representatives thrive better in a slowly forming biofilm. The methods used to monitor biofilm are challenging to compare directly, but they do complement each other, which aids in verifying the individual test results. Developing new types of biomass carriers with the potential for high-quality adhesion of microorganisms is a prerequisite for the expansion of highly efficient biotechnological processes, especially for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Havlíček
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Magda Nechanická
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Lederer
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Brigita Kolčavová Sirková
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Department of Technologies and Structures, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
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Wang X, Yu D, Chen G, Liu C, Xu A, Tang Z. Effects of interactions between quorum sensing and quorum quenching on microbial aggregation characteristics in wastewater treatment: A review. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2883-2902. [PMID: 34719836 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasingly urgent demand for effective wastewater denitrification and dephosphorization systems, there is a need to improve the performance of existing biological treatment technologies. As a bacteria-level communication mechanism, quorum sensing (QS) synchronizes gene expression in a density-dependent manner and regulates bacterial physiological behavior. On this basis, the QS-based bacterial communication mechanism and environmental factors affecting QS are discussed. This paper reviews the influence of QS on sludge granulation, biofilm formation, emerging contaminants (ECs) removal, and horizontal gene transfer in sewage treatment system. Furthermore, the QS inhibition strategies are compared. Based on the coexistence and balance of QQ and QS in the long-term operation system, QQ, as an effective tool to regulate the growth density of microorganisms, provides a promising exogenous regulation strategy for residual sludge reduction and biofilm pollution control. This paper reviews the potential of improving wastewater treatment efficiency based on QS theory and points out the feasibility and prospect of exogenous regulation strategy. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The mechanism of bacterial communication based on QS and the environmental factors affecting QS were discussed. The application of QS and QQ in improving the sludge performance of biological treatment systems was described. The significance of QS and QQ coexistence in sewage treatment process was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Deshuang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chengju Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ao Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Shao Y, Zhou Z, Jiang J, Jiang LM, Huang J, Zuo Y, Ren Y, Zhao X. Membrane fouling in anoxic/oxic membrane reactors coupled with carrier-enhanced anaerobic side-stream reactor: Effects of anaerobic hydraulic retention time and mechanism insights. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li J, Guo N, Zhao S, Xu J, Wang Y. Mechanisms of metabolic performance enhancement and ARGs attenuation during nZVI-assisted anaerobic chloramphenicol wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126508. [PMID: 34323729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic wastewater treatment is a promising technology for refractory pollutant treatment. The nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) assisted anaerobic system could enhance contaminant removal. In this work, we added nZVI into an anaerobic system to investigate the effects on system performances and metabolic mechanism for chloramphenicol (CAP) wastewater treatment. As nZVI concentrations increased from 0 to 1 g/L, the CAP removal efficiency was appreciably improved from 46.5% to 99.2%, while the CH4 production enhanced more than 20 times. The enhanced CAP removal resulted from the enrichments of dechlorination-related bacteria (Hyphomicrobium) and other functional bacteria (e.g., Zoogloea, Syntrophorhabdus) associated with refractory contaminants degradation. The improved CH4 production was ascribed to the increases in fermentative-related bacteria (Smithella and Acetobacteroides), homoacetogen (Treponema), and methanogens. The increased abundances of anaerobic functional genes further verified the mechanism of CH4 production. Furthermore, the abundances of potential hosts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were reduced under high nZVI concentration (1 g/L), contributing to ARGs attenuation. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism in metabolic performance enhancement and ARGs attenuation during nZVI-assisted anaerobic CAP wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ning Guo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunkun Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Melo A, Costa J, Quintelas C, Ferreira EC, Mesquita DP. Effect of ibuprofen on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production and composition, and assessment of microbial structure by quantitative image analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112852. [PMID: 34091137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with activated sludge was operated with synthetic wastewater containing ibuprofen (IBU) to investigate the biomass stress-responses under long-term IBU exposure. There were 3 different phases: phase I as the control without IBU for 56 days, phase II (40 days), and phase III (60 days) containing IBU at 10 and 5 mg L-1 each. The overall performance of the SBR as well as the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in terms of polysaccharides, proteins, and humic acid substances were estimated. Morphological parameters of microbial aggregates in the presence of IBU (phase II and phase III) were assessed by quantitative image analysis (QIA). Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium (NH4+) were significantly reduced by IBU. Loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) decreased during phase II and phase III, and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) was slightly higher in phase II than phase I. TB-EPS proteins were greater in phase II, perhaps to protect microbial cells from IBU exposure. These findings provided insight into both activated sludge stress-responses and EPS composition under long-term IBU exposure. Spearman correlation showed that EPS and morphological parameters significantly affected sludge settleability and flocculation. QIA also proved to be a powerful technique in investigating dysfunctions in activated sludge under IBU exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Melo
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina Quintelas
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniela P Mesquita
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Sun H, Jiang T, Zhang F, Zhang P, Zhang H, Yang H, Lu J, Ge S, Ma B, Ding J, Zhang W. Understanding the effect of free ammonia on microbial nitrification mechanisms in suspended activated sludge bioreactors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111737. [PMID: 34302827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
During nitrification, the varieties of microbial structures, metabolic pathways and functional profiles in four parallel laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) with 0.5, 5, 10 and 15 mg/L of free ammonia (FA) concentrations were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The SBRs were named S0.5, S5, S10 and S15, respectively. Ammonia removal via the nitrate pathway was achieved in S0.5 and S5 throughout the whole experimental period, while ammonia removal via the nitrite pathway was established in S10 and S15 after 89 and 146 day, respectively. The key finding of this study is that both the microbial diversity and richness were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the FA concentration at different taxonomic levels. The most dominant taxa of S5, S10 and S15 were same, and mainly included Thauera while S0.5 was mainly composed of Zoogloea. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis was used to identify unique biomarkers in SBR activated sludge (AS) sample. The functional genera and enzyme in the four SBRs are similar but different in abundance and they are responsible for the removal of organics and nitrogen. Moreover, metabolic pathways are similar by PICRUSt analysis. The relative proportions of pathway-specific genes involved in some metabolic pathways differed to some extent. The ammonia oxidation rate was positively linked to Nitrosomonas and amo (both Spearman correlation coefficients (ρ) = 0.777) while the nitrite oxidation rate was positively linked to Nitrospira (ρ = 0.777) by co-occurrence network analysis. This work deciphered the response of microbial characteristics to different FA constraints in AS process and could provide helpful information for revealing the biological mechanism of FA inhibition on nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
| | - Tingting Jiang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianbo Lu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Bin Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Inoue D, Fukuyama A, Ren Y, Ike M. Optimization of aerobic dynamic discharge process for very rapid enrichment of polyhydroxyalkanoates-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125314. [PMID: 34051571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic dynamic discharge (ADD) process has the potential to reduce the enrichment period of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-accumulating bacteria in PHA production using mixed microbial cultures (MMCs). This study aimed to efficiently enrich PHA-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge within a fixed period of 2 d by optimizing operating conditions of the ADD process. Based on the results, enrichment with separate feeding of carbon and nutrients in the feast and famine phases, respectively, and a settling duration of 10 min after the feast phase in the sequencing batch cycle for 12 h was found to be optimal. The MMC enriched at optimum conditions could store as much as 68.4 wt% of PHA. Dechloromonas and Zoogloea were identified as potential PHA-accumulating bacteria responsible for enhancing PHA accumulation ability in the enriched MMC. The optimized ADD process will facilitate the consecutive use of daily generated waste activated sludge for PHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Fukuyama
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu Ren
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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48
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Shi X, Li J, Wang X, Zhang X, Tang L. Effect of the gradual increase of Na 2SO 4 on performance and microbial diversity of aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112696. [PMID: 33984643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a promising technology in treating saline wastewater. The effects of sodium sulfate on contaminant removal performance and sludge characteristics of AGS were studied. The results showed that under the stress of sodium sulfate, AGS kept good removal performance of ammonia nitrogen (NH+ 4-N), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total nitrogen (TN), with removal efficiency reaching 98.7%, 91.5% and 62.7%, respectively. When sodium sulfate reached 14700 mg/L, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were inhibited and nitrite accumulation occurred, but it had little impact on total phosphorus (TP) removal. Under the stress of sodium sulfate, compactness and settling performance of AGS was enhanced. The microbial community greatly varied and the microbial diversity of aerobic granular sludge has decreased under the stress of sodium sulfate. The study reveals that AGS has great potential in application on treating saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Liaofan Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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49
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Xu Y, Yang S, You G, Hou J. Attenuation effects of iron on dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in anaerobic bioreactor: Evolution of quorum sensing, quorum quenching and dynamics of community composition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126136. [PMID: 34492925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zero valent iron (ZVI) coupled with bioreactors is arising as a promising technology for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) mitigation, whereas the succession and behaviors of microbes caused by ZVI in relieving ARGs propagation remain unclear. Herein, the effects of ZVI on microbial quorum sensing (QS), quorum quenching (QQ) system and community dynamics were examined in anaerobic bioreactor fed with oxytetracycline (tet), to illustrate the roles of evolutive microbial communication and community composition in ARGs attenuation. With the addition of 5 g/L ZVI, the total absolute abundance of tet ARGs was retarded by approximate 95% and 72% in sludge and effluent after 25 days operation. The abundance of mobile genetic elements and the heredity of antibiotic resistant bacteria revealed the declined horizontal and vertical transfer of ARGs, which directly led to the reduced ARGs propagation. Potential mechanisms are that the positive effects of ZVI on QQ activity via the functional bacteria enrichment inhibited QS system and thus ARGs transfer. Partial least--squares path modeling further demonstrated that ARGs abundance was strongly limited by the dynamics of bacterial composition and thereby less frequent microbial communication. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of antibiotic resistome remission in anaerobic bioreactor modified by ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihong Yang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxiang You
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Izadi P, Izadi P, Eldyasti A. Holistic insights into extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in anammosx bacterial matrix and the potential sustainable biopolymer recovery: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129703. [PMID: 33578118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process has been proven to be a favorable and innovative process, for treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater due to decreased oxygen and carbon requirements at very high nitrogen loading rates. Anammox process is mainly operated through biofilm or granular sludge structures, as for such slow-growing microorganisms, elevated settling velocity of granules allows for adequate biomass retention and lowered potential risk of washouts. Stability of granular sludge biomass is extremely critical, yet the formation mechanism is poorly understood. There are number of important functions linked to Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) in anammox bacterial matrix, such as; structural stability, aggregation promotion, maintenance of physical structure in the granules, water preserving and protective cell barrier. There is an increasing demand to introduce accurate methods for proper EPS extraction and characterization, to expand the perception of anammox granule stability and potential resource recovery. Analyzing EPS with a focus on various (mechanical and physical) properties can lead to biopolymer production from granular sludge. Biopolymers such as EPS are attractive alternatives substituting the conventional chemical polymers furthermore their recovery from the waste sludge and the potential applications in industrial sectors, leads to a radical enhancement of both environmental and economical sustainability, accelerating the circular economy advancements. Here, this study aims to overview the newest understanding on the structure of anammox sludge EPS, obtained recently and to assess the potential challenges and prospects to identify the knowledge gaps towards constructing an inclusive anammox EPS recovery and characterization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parin Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Parnian Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Eldyasti
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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