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Lee SA, Choi EJ, Kim HW, Jeon JY, Han SH, Lee GH, Ryu HU, Kim B, Kim TY. Differences in factors associated with insomnia symptoms between patients with epilepsy with and without depressive symptoms. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 156:109781. [PMID: 38788656 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if insomnia-related factors differ depending on the presence of depression in patients with epilepsy. METHODS This cross-sectional multicenter study collected data on depressive symptoms, insomnia symptoms, and excessive daytime sleepiness, which were defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score of ≥ 10, an Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score of ≥ 15, and an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) of ≥ 11, respectively. Further, uncontrolled seizures were defined as one or more seizures per month during antiseizure medications treatment. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted, with a logistic regression with interaction terms performed to identify differences in insomnia-related factors depending on depressive symptoms. RESULTS Of 282 adults with epilepsy (men, 58 %; mean age, 40.4 ± 13.9 years), a PHQ-9 score ≥ 10, an ISI score ≥ 15, an ESS score ≥ 11 were noted in 23.4 % (n = 66), 20.2 % (n = 57), and 12.8 % (n = 36), respectively. More patients with depressive symptoms had an ISI score ≥ 15 (56.1 % vs. 9.3 %; p < 0.001) than those without. In multiple logistic regression, uncontrolled seizures (odds ratio [OR], 4.896; p < 0.01), daytime sleepiness (OR, 5.369; p < 0.05), and a history of psychiatric disorders (OR, 3.971; p < 0.05) were identified as significant factors that were more likely to be associated with an ISI score ≥ 15; however, this was only true in patients without depressive symptoms. In contrast, use of perampanel (OR, 0.282; p < 0.05) was less likely associated, while female sex (OR, 3.178; p < 0.05) was more likely associated with an ISI score ≥ 15 only in patients with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia-related factors in patients with epilepsy may differ between patients with and without depression. Our findings of different insomnia-related factors based on the presence of depression may facilitate the management of patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Choi
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Han
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gha-Hyun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Uk Ryu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tombini M, Narducci F, Ricci L, Sancetta B, Boscarino M, Quintiliani L, Lanzone J, Straffi M, Di Lazzaro V, Assenza G. Resilience and psychosocial factors in adult with epilepsy: A longitudinal study. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 154:109746. [PMID: 38513570 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resilience is conceptually characterized as a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation in the context of significant adversity. Our goal was to assess the resilience in people with epilepsy (PWE) and how it impacts longitudinally on psychosocial factors, with a particular focus on the manifestation of stigmatization-related feelings. METHODS We consecutively enrolled 78 adults PWE (42.5 ± 16.2 years old); among them 36 (46.1 %) were seizure-free. All subjects completed at baseline (T0) the Resilience Scale (RS-14) and questionnaires for the assessment of depressive symptoms, anxiety and quality of life: respectively, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BD-II), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and QOLIE-31 (Q31). All patients were followed up prospectively and re-evaluated after 6-22 months (T1; mean: 14 ± 8 months; median 14 months); at follow up they also completed the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE) for the assessment of the stigma associated with epilepsy. We correlated resilience values with all psychosocial scores at T0 and T1. Factors associated with resilient and vulnerable outcomes were identified. Finally, a multiple stepwise regression analysis was applied to identify predictors for resilience and stigma perception. RESULTS The results showed for the RS-14 score a significant direct correlation with the Q31 (p < 0.001) and an inverse correlation with the depressive and anxiety symptoms at both times (T0 and T1), as evaluated with BDI-II (p < 0.001) and GAD-7 (p < 0.001). Finally, we found a significant inverse correlation between RS-14 at T0 and the levels of stigmatization assessed with SSE at T1 (p =.015). Using a multiple stepwise regression analysis separately for resilience and stigma perception, depressive symptoms turned out as the best predictors for both variables. Finally, considering longitudinal evaluation we did not observe significant changes in depressive and anxious symptoms, despite a significant reduction in the total number of seizures at follow up. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that depressive symptoms, anxiety and quality of life were significantly associated with resilience in PwE. Finally, as a novel finding resilience was proved to affect the perception of stigma related to epilepsy more than seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tombini
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy.
| | - F Narducci
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - L Ricci
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - B Sancetta
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - M Boscarino
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroriabilitazione, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Milano, Italia
| | - L Quintiliani
- Psicologia Clinica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - J Lanzone
- Dipartimento di Neuroriabilitazione, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Milano, Italia
| | - M Straffi
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - V Di Lazzaro
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - G Assenza
- Unità di Neurologia, Neurofisiologia, Neurobiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
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Niu C, Li P, Du X, Zhao M, Wang H, Yang D, Wu M, Jing W. Risk factors for anxiety in patients with epilepsy: A meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109665. [PMID: 38368787 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a very common neurological disease, and it is important to focus on both controlling seizures and alleviating the psychological problems associated with this disease.Anxiety is an important risk factor for epilepsy and seriously affects the quality of life of patients with epilepsy (PWE). However, several risk factors for anxiety in PWE are relatively controversial and understudied. This meta-analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for anxiety in PWE with the aim of reducing the incidence of anxiety and improving the quality of life among the individuals. METHOD The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched up to July 2023 to find eligible original English studies. All the search results were reviewed based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. We calculated the combined odds ratios (ORs), standard mean differences (SMDs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the effect of the included risk factors on anxiety in PWE. RESULTS Twenty-four studies involving 5,403 PWE were ultimately included. The pooled results of our meta-analysis showed that female sex (OR = 1.67; 95 % CI: 1.30,2.15; p < 0.001), unmarried/divorced/widowed (OR = 0.83; 95 % CI: 0.72,0.96; p = 0.011), low socioeconomic status (OR = 0.47; 95 % CI: 0.33,0.67; p < 0.001), education levels below high school (OR = 1.74; 95 % CI: 1.36,2.23; p < 0.001), a history of trauma (OR = 2.53; 95 % CI: 1.69,3.78; p < 0.001), monotherapy (OR = 0.49; 95 % CI: 0.39,0.62; p < 0.001), AED-induced psychiatric side effects (OR = 2.45; 95 % CI: 1.20,4.98); p = 0.014), depression (OR = 5.45 95 % CI: 2.49,11.94; p < 0.001), a history of suicide (OR = 3.56; 95 % CI: 1.72,7.38; p = 0.001), and illness-related shame (OR = 2.76; 95 % CI: 2.17,3.52; p < 0.001) were risk factors for anxiety. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that female, unmarried, low socioeconomic status, education level below senior high school, a history of trauma, monotherapy, AED-induced psychiatric side effects, depression, a history of suicide, and shame were risk factors for anxiety in PWE. However, further research is needed to determine the effect of other potential risk factors on anxiety in PWE. In addition, most of the studies included in this meta-analysis were not uniform in scale, and the risk factors were not comprehensive; therefore, larger prospective studies in different countries are needed to further investigate these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailang Niu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Penghong Li
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Xueqing Du
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Mina Zhao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Haobo Wang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Debo Yang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Maolin Wu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Wei Jing
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
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Choi EJ, Jung M, Kim TY, Kim B, Lee SA. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults with epilepsy: An indirect relationship with suicide risk. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109672. [PMID: 38368792 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are scarce in adults with epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for ADHD and determine whether ADHD is directly associated with the risk of suicide in adults with epilepsy. METHODS ADHD was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 Disorders Clinical Version. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) Plus 5.0.0, Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDIE), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were also used. Suicide risk was defined as a MINI suicidality score of ≥ 1. Stepwise logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted. RESULTS Of the 157 adults with epilepsy, 19 (12.1 %) were diagnosed with ADHD, including inattentive (5.7 %), hyperactive (3.8 %), and combined (2.5 %) types. Thirty-two subjects (20.4 %) had a risk of suicide. ADHD was insignificantly associated with any epilepsy-related factors. The diagnosis of ADHD was not associated with suicide risk independent of NDDIE ≥ 14 and GAD-7 ≥ 7. Mediation effects of ADHD on suicidality using NDDIE ≥ 14 (odds ratio [OR] 2.850, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.398-5.811, p = 0.004) or GAD-7 ≥ 7 (OR 3.240, 95 % CI 1.537-6.828, p = 0.002) were statistically significant, with the proportion mediated being 84.5 % or 92.0 % of the total ADHD effect, respectively. These models were adjusted for age, sex, and composite epilepsy severity scores. CONCLUSIONS ADHD was diagnosed in 12.1% of adults with epilepsy and was not associated with any epilepsy-related factors. ADHD was indirectly associated with the risk of suicide resulting from depression and anxiety in adults with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Choi
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Jung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Dan-ni Z, Guang-min Z, Yu-hua D, Ying L, Ting W, Yuan-yuan C, Yu-hong X, Xin-cai X. Prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression in patients with multi-drug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1372389. [PMID: 38601494 PMCID: PMC11004472 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1372389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health disorders in patients with multi-drug or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) receive consistent attention. Anxiety and depression can manifest and may impact disease progression in patients with MDR/RR-TB. Given the heightened stressors resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, this scenario is even more concerning. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients with MDR/RR-TB in southern China. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken at Guangzhou Chest Hospital in southern China, encompassing a cohort of 219 patients undergoing outpatient and inpatient treatment for MDR/RR-TB. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The ramifications of anxiety and depression were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) and age- and sex-adjusted ORs (AORs) employed to quantify their influence. All data underwent statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0, with statistical significance established at P < 0.05. Results Two hundred and nineteen individuals with MDR/RR-TB were included in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 57.53% (n = 126) and 65.75% (n = 144), respectively, with 33.3% (n = 73) of the participants experiencing both conditions simultaneously. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an age of 20-40 years [anxiety AOR = 3.021, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.240-7.360; depression AOR = 3.538, 95% CI: 1.219-10.268], disease stigma (anxiety AOR = 10.613, 95% CI: 2.966-37.975; depression AOR = 4.514, 95% CI: 2.051-10.108) and poor physical health (anxiety AOR = 7.636, 95% CI: 2.938-19.844; depression AOR = 6.190, 95% CI: 2.468-15.529) were significant risk factors for moderate levels of anxiety and depression. Conclusions We found that individuals with MDR/RR-TB had an elevated risk of anxiety and depression. To decrease the likelihood of unfavorable treatment outcomes, it is imperative to carefully monitor the psychological wellbeing of patients with MDR/RR-TB and promptly address any detrimental psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Dan-ni
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Guang-min
- Academy of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Du Yu-hua
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Ying
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Ting
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yuan-yuan
- Department of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xie Yu-hong
- Department of Tuberculosis, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xin-cai
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Thomas JA, Ditchman NM, Guidotti Breting L, Narayanan J. Quality of life in people with epilepsy: The associations of anti-seizure medications and biopsychosocial variables. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 152:109664. [PMID: 38320411 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
People with epilepsy, on average, experience lower quality of life (QOL) than healthy controls. This study examined the associations between specific anti-seizure medications, biopsychosocial factors, and QOL in people with epilepsy. Analysis of covariance revealed that individuals taking three or more anti-seizure medications had significantly lower QOL than those taking levetiracetam. Findings also demonstrated that when examining biopsychosocial factors as predictors of QOL in hierarchical regression, anxiety, depression, and daytime sleepiness were significant predictors of QOL. Once these factors were entered into the model, number of medications was no longer significant. The final model predicted 59.6% of the variance in QOL. In clinical settings, providers should take a patient-centered approach that includes regular assessment of QOL and an emphasis on good psychological care for those coping with anxiety, depression, and sleep difficulty. These findings underscore the importance of addressing psychological health and sleep factors within the epilepsy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Thomas
- Illinois Institute of Technology, 3424 S. State St, Chicago, IL 60616, United States; Barrow Neurological Institute, 222 W. Thomas Road, Ste. 315, Phoenix, AZ 85013, United States.
| | - Nicole M Ditchman
- Illinois Institute of Technology, 3424 S. State St, Chicago, IL 60616, United States.
| | - Leslie Guidotti Breting
- NorthShore University Health System, 909 Davis St, Ste. 160, Evanston, IL 60201, United States.
| | - Jaishree Narayanan
- NorthShore University Health System, 909 Davis St, Ste. 160, Evanston, IL 60201, United States; Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States.
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Conner K, Gandy M, Munger-Clary HM. What is the role of screening instruments in the management of psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy? Tools and practical tips for the most common comorbidities: Depression and anxiety. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 25:100654. [PMID: 38389991 PMCID: PMC10881315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy and are known to increase healthcare utilization, the risk of refractory epilepsy, and anti-seizure medication intolerability. Despite this, depression and anxiety continue to be underrecognized and undertreated in people with epilepsy (PWE). Several barriers to the identification of depression and anxiety in PWE exist, including reliance on unstructured interviews rather than standardized, validated instruments. Moreover, there is a dearth of behavioral health providers to manage these comorbidities once identified. The use of validated screening instruments in epilepsy clinics can assist with both the identification of psychiatric symptoms and monitoring of treatment response by the epilepsy clinician for PWE with comorbid depression and/or anxiety. While screening instruments can identify psychiatric symptoms occurring within a specified time, they are not definitively diagnostic. Screeners can be time efficient tools to identify patients requiring further evaluation for diagnostic confirmation. This article reviews recent literature on the utility of depression and anxiety screening instruments in epilepsy care, including commonly used screening instruments, and provides solutions for potential barriers to clinical implementation. Validated depression and anxiety screening instruments can increase identification of depression and anxiety and guide epilepsy clinician management of these comorbidities which has the potential to positively impact patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Conner
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Milena Gandy
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Heidi M Munger-Clary
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Velescu DR, Marc MS, Traila D, Pescaru CC, Hogea P, Suppini N, Crisan AF, Wellmann N, Oancea C. A Narrative Review of Self-Reported Scales to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:261. [PMID: 38399548 PMCID: PMC10889932 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent chronic condition that has been associated with mental disorders like depression and anxiety. This study intends to provide a practical overview of the most relevant self-reported and self-rating scales that assess depression and anxiety in OSA patients. Materials and Methods: A search for articles was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar using a combination of words for obstructive sleep apnea, depression, anxiety, and scales. The tools were ordered by type (screening and rating) and arranged chronologically according to the year of publication. Results: Three scales were identified for assessing depression, which were the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). For rating depression, two scales were discussed: the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which has three versions (the BDI, the BDI-II, and the Fast Screen (BDI-FS)). For assessing anxiety, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale was identified. Two scales were reviewed for rating anxiety: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Each scale is accompanied by a brief description of its practicality and psychometric qualities and an analysis of its strengths and limitations. Conclusions: The findings of this review will contribute to the understanding of the importance of assessing mental health comorbidities in the context of OSA, ultimately guiding clinical practice and future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Raluca Velescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Steluta Marc
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Traila
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Corina Pescaru
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Patricia Hogea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Noemi Suppini
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Florian Crisan
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Research Center for the Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability (CEMFD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Norbert Wellmann
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Shadid AM, Alsaber N, Aldawish RA, Humaid HM, AlMubarak F, Alazwari LS, Alosaimi NS, Alkhaldi D, Alhumud MH, Shadid AM, Al Zahrani N. Depression and anxiety among patients with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:549-555. [PMID: 38605782 PMCID: PMC11006070 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_834_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is well established that epileptic disorders are associated with a wide range of psychosocial issues that overburden the affected individuals and limit their lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the commonalities between depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with epilepsy (PWE). In addition, we assessed whether depression and anxiety rates varied depending on factors related to the disease. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2021 and March 2022 among all PWE at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, and 147 patients who responded to the questionnaires were included for analysis (65.6% response rate). Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9), while anxiety levels were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Demographic variables such as sex, age, marital status, and factors related to epilepsy were also recorded. Results The results showed that 39.5% and 27.9% of participants had major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), respectively. The presence of factors that increased susceptibility to seizures was associated with a greater expression of depression (P = 0.035) and anxiety (P = 0.002) symptoms. The presence of symptoms/signs that precede seizures was associated with a higher risk of moderate and severe depression (P = 0.001) and moderate and severe anxiety (P < 0.001). Irregular use of medications was associated with a higher risk of moderate and severe depression (P = 0.037); however, lamotrigine was associated with lower rates of depression among the participants (P = 0.023). Conclusion This study found that PWE had a higher prevalence of MDD and GAD than the general population. However, this accepted paradigm has yet to reflect a meaningful change in constructing condition-specific recommendations for PWE. Our study revealed that the presence of subjectively recognized signs of an impending ictal episode was significantly associated with a higher risk of moderate and severe depression and anxiety. Furthermore, factors that increase the susceptibility to seizures were associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety. Irregular medication use was associated with a higher risk of moderate and severe depression. However, lamotrigine was associated with lower rates of depression among participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M. Shadid
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alsaber
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Aldawish
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hameed M. Humaid
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris AlMubarak
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leenah S. Alazwari
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah S. Alosaimi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah Alkhaldi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Nourah Al Zahrani
- Department of Neurology, Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Hohmann L, Bien CG, Holtkamp M, Grewe P. German questionnaires assessing quality of life and psycho-social status in people with epilepsy: Reliable change and intercorrelations. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 150:109554. [PMID: 38041998 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with epilepsy (PWE) not only suffer from seizures but also from various psycho-social issues containing facets such as social functioning, anxiety, depression or stigmatization, and consequently quality of life. (1) Assessing reliable change of these issues is crucial to evaluate their course and potential treatment effects. As most psycho-social self-report questionnaires have been validated in separate samples, their clinical-socio-demographic differences may limit the comparability and generalizability of the scales' internal consistency, which is important for the reliable change index (RCI). Using a co-normalized approach, we provide the internal consistency and RCIs for a large set of questionnaires targeting quality of life (QOLIE-31-P), depressive symptoms (NDDI-E), anxiety (GAD-7), seizure severity (LSSS), subjective antiseizure medication adverse events (LAEP), stigma, epilepsy-related fear, and restrictions in daily life (PESOS), and subjective cognition (FLei). As for some German versions of these measures, psychometric data is still missing, we also add important information for the German language area. (2) In addition, knowledge about intercorrelations of these constructs is needed to shape questionnaire usage and treatment approaches. We thus investigate associations of these scales and compare weighted and unweighted subscales of the QOLIE-31-P. METHODS In our prospective study, 202 adult in-patients of the Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg with a reliable diagnosis of epilepsy filled out a set of self-report questionnaires between 03/2018 and 03/2021. We calculated Cronbach's α, RCIs, and bivariate intercorrelations and compared the respective correlations of weighted and unweighted scales of the QOLIE-31-P. RESULTS For most of the scales, good to excellent internal consistency was identified. Furthermore, we found intercorrelations in the expected directions with strong links between scales assessing similar constructs (e.g., QOLIE-31-P Cognition and FLei), but weak relationships between measures for different constructs (e.g., QOLIE-31-P Seizure worry and FLei). The QOLIE-31-P Total score was highly correlated with most of the other scales. Some differences regarding their correlational patterns for weighted and unweighted QOLIE-31-P scales were identified. CONCLUSIONS Psycho-social constructs share a large amount of common variance, but still can be separated from each other. The QOLIE-31-P Total score represents an adequate measure of general psycho-social burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Hohmann
- Department of Neurology, Berlin-Brandenburg Epilepsy Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Queen Elisabeth Herzberge Protestant Hospital, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian G Bien
- Department of Epileptology, Mara Hospital (Bethel Epilepsy Center), Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Holtkamp
- Department of Neurology, Berlin-Brandenburg Epilepsy Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Queen Elisabeth Herzberge Protestant Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Grewe
- Department of Epileptology, Mara Hospital (Bethel Epilepsy Center), Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany; Neuropsychology and Epilepsy Research, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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11
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Vacca M, Fernandes M, Veronese L, Ballesio A, Cerminara C, Galasso C, Mazzone L, Lombardo C, Mercuri NB, Liguori C. Clinical, Sociodemographic, and Psychological Factors Associated with Transition Readiness in Patients with Epilepsy. Brain Sci 2023; 14:21. [PMID: 38248236 PMCID: PMC10813513 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition to adult care for patients with epilepsy is a complicated clinical issue associated with adverse outcomes, including non-adherence to treatment, dropout of medical care, and worse prognosis. Moreover, youngsters with epilepsy are notably prone to emotional, psychological, and social difficulties during the transition to adulthood. Transition needs depend on the type of epilepsy and the epileptic syndrome, as well as on the presence of co-morbidities. Having a structured transition program in place is essential to reduce poor health consequences. A key strategy to optimize outcomes involves the use of transition readiness and associated factors assessment to implement the recognition of vulnerability and protective aspects, knowledge, and skills of these patients and their parents. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive framework of clinical and psychosocial aspects associated with the transition from pediatric to adult medical care of patients with epilepsy. METHODS Measures examining different aspects of transition readiness and associated clinical, socio-demographic, psychological, and emotional factors were administered to 13 patients with epilepsy (Mage = 22.92, SD = 6.56) with (n = 6) or without (n = 7) rare diseases, and a respective parent (Mage = 56.63, SD = 7.36). RESULTS patients showed fewer problems in tracking health issues, appointment keeping, and pharmacological adherence as well as low mood symptoms and moderate resiliency. Moreover, they referred to a low quality of sleep. Notably, parents of patients with rare diseases reported a lower quality of sleep as compared to the other group of parents. CONCLUSIONS Increasing awareness around transition readiness is essential to promote self-management skills of patients with epilepsy and their parents. Anticipating the period of transition could be beneficial, especially to prevent problematic sleep patterns and promote independence in health care management. Parents of patients with epilepsy and rare diseases should be monitored for their mental status which can affect patients' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacarolina Vacca
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (A.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Mariana Fernandes
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Veronese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
| | - Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (A.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Caterina Cerminara
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Galasso
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luigi Mazzone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Lombardo
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (A.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Montpellier Street 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (L.V.); (C.G.); (L.M.); (N.B.M.)
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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12
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Lalatović S, Smiljanić I, Ristić AJ, Čvorović Đ, Golubović V, Parojčić A, Baščarević V, Krstić N, Milovanović M. Psychometric evaluation of the Serbian version of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE). Epilepsy Behav 2023; 149:109520. [PMID: 37944288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Serbian-language version of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE). METHODS The sample consisted of 108 patients with epilepsy (PWE) (60.2 % were female, age range: 19-67 years) and 102 students (86.3 % were female, age range: 18-47 years). The study encompassed two phases: (1) translation of the SSE into Serbian using the back-translation technique, and (2) evaluation of reliability and construct validity of the Serbian-language version of SSE. In addition to the SSE, the PWE filled out a Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The socio-demographic and clinical variables were noted for each patient by the semistructured interview. Besides completing the SSE, the students were asked if they knew anyone with epilepsy. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested by assessing the internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's α), while construct validity was assessed by factor analysis, method of known-groups validation, and correlation analysis. RESULTS SSE demonstrates a satisfactory level of reliability in both samples, with Cronbach's α of 0.86 in the PWE sample and 0.90 in the student sample. Using exploratory factor analysis, four factors were identified in both samples, corresponding relatively well with the scale domains originally produced, with a few exceptions described. Adverse effects (AEs) of antiseizure medications (ASMs) and driving ability significantly influenced SSE scores, but there were no significant effects of other socio-demographic and clinical variables on epilepsy-related stigma in the PWE sample. In addition, depression severity significantly influenced SSE scores (based on NDDI-E cut-off score), with the SSE showing a positive association with PHQ-9 (r = 0.42, p < .001) and GAD-7 (r = 0.35, p < .001) as well. Regarding the student sample, the effects of personal knowledge of someone with epilepsy on SSE scores were found to be significant. Besides, students (M = 46.28, SD = 16.43) reported higher epilepsy-related stigma than patients (M = 40.66, SD = 17.01), t(208) = 2.43, p < .05, d = 0.34. CONCLUSION The Serbian version of the SSE has good psychometric properties and represents a useful tool for assessing epilepsy-related stigma in both patients and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staša Lalatović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isidora Smiljanić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar J Ristić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Dr Subotića 6, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Čvorović
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Golubović
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Parojčić
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Baščarević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Neurosurgery Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nadežda Krstić
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Milovanović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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13
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Yun JY, Myung SJ, Kim KS. Associations among the workplace violence, burnout, depressive symptoms, suicidality, and turnover intention in training physicians: a network analysis of nationwide survey. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16804. [PMID: 37798353 PMCID: PMC10556140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders among physicians, who have a greater risk of suicide than those in other professional occupations. Relationships among a demanding workload, workplace violence, burnout, and intention to turnover have also been reported. The current study examined the principal components and propagating patterns of mental health and working environment interactions in training physicians. A total of 1981 training physicians completed online self-report questionnaires during September-October (midpoint of the training year) 2020. Regularized partial correlations in a mixed graphical model (MGM) and joint probability distributions (directed acyclic graph; DAG) were estimated for four subtypes of workplace violence (verbal abuse/physical violence perpetrated by clients/hospital staff), three burnout subdomains (Maslach Burnout Inventory), thoughts about quitting, and nine depressive symptoms, including suicidality, comprising the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Thoughts of death/self-harm showed directional dependencies on the joint probability distributions of psychomotor agitation/retardation, concentration difficulty, self-reproach, and sadness in the DAG. In the MGM, a partial correlation with psychomotor agitation/retardation (r = 0.196) accounted for 56.5% of the variance in thoughts of death/self-harm. Partial correlations with concentration difficulties (r = 0.294), self-reproach (r = 0.257), changes in appetite (r = 0.184), and worker-on-worker physical violence (r = 0.240) in the MGM accounted for 54.4% of the variance in psychomotor agitation/retardation. Thoughts about quitting were partially correlated with and dependent upon the joint probability distributions of emotional exhaustion (r = 0.222), fatigue (r = 0.142), anhedonia (r = 0.178), and sadness (r = 0.237). In contrast, worker-on-worker (r = 0.417) and client-on-physician (r = 0.167) verbal abuse had regularized partial correlations with directional dependencies on thoughts about quitting. Organization-level interventions aiming to reduce the worker-on-worker violence and individual-level approaches of clinical screening program and psychiatric counseling clinic are required. Follow-up studies to verify the effectiveness of these interventions for training physicians are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Yeon Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jung Myung
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Sik Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Winsor AA, Ebelthite C, Onih J, Nicholson TR, Pal DK, Richardson M. Study protocol for a case series: implementation and evaluation of an integrated mental and physical healthcare programme to screen for mental health symptoms in people with epilepsy. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075043. [PMID: 37788926 PMCID: PMC10551954 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of mental health symptoms in people with epilepsy (PWE) is elevated compared with that of the general population. These symptoms can negatively impact epilepsy management and patient outcomes but can be treated once recognised. It is, therefore, important to screen for these symptoms to identify needs and put in place appropriate support. Unfortunately, mental health symptoms are rarely addressed in epilepsy services due to time constraints, lack of resources and communication between psychological and medical professionals. These barriers can result in diagnostic overshadowing, where symptoms may be attributed to the disease and reduce the level of support PWE receive. Implementing an online screening tool embedded in the electronic health record (EHR) platform with supported referral pathways may remove some of these barriers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will follow the Integrating Mental and Physical Healthcare: Research Training and Services framework, which is a routine clinical data collection tool used by clinical teams to electronically screen psychological symptoms among patients with long-term physical health conditions. Patient outcomes including mental health, physical health and psychosocial outcomes will be collected and uploaded to the EHR platform in real-time. An appropriate referral pathway will be recommended depending on severity of the outcome scores. We will initially pilot the tool for individuals aged 13 years and above through epilepsy clinics at King's College Hospital. Following this, the acceptability and feasibility of the tool will be assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee of South Central-Oxford C, reference: 21/EM/0205. This study is expected to inform the use of integrated electronic mental health screening for youth in epilepsy clinics and improve access to psychological support. The findings will be disseminated through academic peer-reviewed journals, poster presentations and scientific meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Afua Winsor
- School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King's College london, London, UK
| | | | - Jemima Onih
- King's Health Partners, Mind & Body Programme, London, UK
| | - Timothy R Nicholson
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Deb K Pal
- School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King's College london, London, UK
| | - Mark Richardson
- School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King's College london, London, UK
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Assenza G, Sancetta BM, Lanzone J, Narducci F, Ricci L, Boscarino M, Marrelli A, Ciuffini R, Piccioli M, Di Lazzaro V, Tombini M. Resilience predicts and modulates anxiety severity in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 147:109390. [PMID: 37619458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is one of the most relevant psychiatric comorbidities in people with epilepsy (PwE). The role of resilience (RES) in the development of anxiety is not well understood. We purposed to better characterize RES impact on anxiety severity in PwE. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seventy-six PwE underwent online surveys including a collection of socio-demographic, seizure-related, and psychological variables. PwE were grouped according to the data collected; anxiety levels were compared through non-parametric statistics. Hierarchical regression analysis (HRA) and logistic regression were performed to characterize RES contribute in predicting the presence and the severity of anxiety. Mediation/moderation analysis was performed to evaluate causal effects among RES, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS Anxiety did not differ according to socio-demographic and seizure-related variables, exemption for the presence of drug-related adverse effects. Depression, RES, and sleep quality provided the major contribute on anxiety variance. The addiction of RES level in HRA and logistic regression provided a significant increase of R-squared value (p-value = 0.02) and of area under the curve (p-value = 0.03), respectively. RES modulated depression/anxiety relationship (p-value < 0.001), whereas depression did not mediate RES/anxiety correlation (p-value = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that RES is a significant independent predictor of anxiety in PwE and is able to modulate depression impact on anxiety. Moreover, we confirmed the relevance of depression and sleep quality on anxiety severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Assenza
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - B M Sancetta
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy.
| | - J Lanzone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Department of the Milano Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Narducci
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - L Ricci
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - M Boscarino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Department of the Milano Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marrelli
- UOC Neurophysiopathology, Ospedale San Salvatore, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - R Ciuffini
- Department of MeSVA, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Piccioli
- UOC Neurology, PO San Filippo Neri, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - V Di Lazzaro
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - M Tombini
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
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Kuramochi I, Iwayama T, Brandt C, Yoshimasu H, Bien CG, Hagemann A. Assessment of self-stigma in epilepsy: Validation of the German version Epilepsy Self-Stigma Scale (ESSS-G). Epilepsia Open 2023; 8:946-958. [PMID: 37254471 PMCID: PMC10472374 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-stigma is the internalization of unfavorable public perceptions, which people with epilepsy (PWE) frequently experience. PWE with strong self-stigma have low self-esteem and are less likely to engage in treatment behavior. The Epilepsy Self-Stigma Scale (ESSS) has been developed and validated in Japan. We translated the ESSS into German for this study to examine its reliability and validity. METHODS We created the German version of ESSS (ESSS-G) based on the original Japanese version. From May to October 2022, we recruited out- and inpatients from Bethel Epilepsy Centre, University Hospital for Epileptology, for psychometric evaluation. Inclusion criteria were an age of ≥18 years, sufficient reading and speaking skills in German, and the ability to comprehend the German questionnaires. Participants also completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), Epilepsy Knowledge Scale, and items on "overall quality of life (QOL)" and "overall health" (items from QOLIE-31). RESULTS One hundred twenty-eight of 146 patients asked to participate granted informed consent and completed the study questionnaire (87.7% response rate). 115 cases were analyzed since 13 did not match the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed a single factor explaining 49.2% of the total variance. All factor loadings were >0.40, and the reliability was high (Cronbach's α = 0.80). Higher ESSS total scores were associated with higher anxiety (GAD-7, r = 0.54, P < 0.001) and depression (NDDI-E, r = 0.45, P < 0.001), lower self-esteem (RSES, r = -0.41, P < 0.001), overall QOL (r = -0.40, P < 0.001), and overall health (r = -0.35, P < 0.001), but not with knowledge about epilepsy (r = 0.03, P = 0.770). In Germany, females, younger individuals, patients with earlier seizure onset, and those with generalized epilepsy had significantly higher self-stigma. SIGNIFICANCE The German version of the ESSS proved reliable and valid. It allows to evaluate the efficacy of treatment strategies in lowering self-stigma and conducting intercultural comparisons of epilepsy self-stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kuramochi
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara)Bielefeld University, Medical SchoolBielefeldGermany
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Takayuki Iwayama
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
- Department of PsychologyShowa Women's UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Christian Brandt
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara)Bielefeld University, Medical SchoolBielefeldGermany
- Society for Epilepsy ResearchBielefeldGermany
| | - Haruo Yoshimasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Christian G. Bien
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara)Bielefeld University, Medical SchoolBielefeldGermany
- Society for Epilepsy ResearchBielefeldGermany
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Eo YS, Lee YH, Kim MS. Health-Related Behavior and Psychosocial Characteristics of Adolescent Female Smokers in Korea, Compared with Adolescent Male Smokers. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1707. [PMID: 37372825 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health-related behavior and psychosocial characteristics among adolescent female smokers in South Korea using data from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) conducted in 2021. The analysis participants comprised 2407 adolescent smokers who were currently smoking, out of a sample of 54,835 participants. The characteristics of adolescent female smokers were examined by comparing them with those of adolescent male smokers. The results showed that male and female adolescent smokers accounted for 69.2% and 30.8% of the sample, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified school type, subjective socioeconomic status, physical activity, breakfast consumption, alcohol consumption, sexual experience, stress, generalized anxiety, and suicidal ideation as significant factors associated with adolescent female smokers. These findings provide important foundational data for the development of smoking-cessation programs and policies tailored specifically to adolescent female smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sook Eo
- College of Nursing, Dongguk University-WISE, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Myo-Sung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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18
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Gillespie DC, Duncan SE, Flewitt BI, Sacripante R, Chin RF. Screening for anxiety, depression and suicidality by epilepsy specialists in adult services in Scotland. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 142:109187. [PMID: 37003102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical guidelines recommend screening people with epilepsy (PWE) regularly for mental distress, but it is unclear how guidelines are implemented. We surveyed epilepsy specialists in adult Scottish services to determine approaches used to screen for anxiety, depression, and suicidality; the perceived difficulty of screening; factors associated with intention to screen; and treatment decisions made following positive screens. METHODS An anonymous email-based questionnaire survey of epilepsy nurses and epilepsy neurology specialists (n = 38) was conducted. RESULTS Two in every three specialists used a systematic screening approach; a third did not. Clinical interview was employed more often than standardized questionnaire. Clinicians reported positive attitudes towards screening but found screening difficult to implement. Intention to screen was associated with favorable attitude, perceived control, and social norm. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were proposed equally often for those screening positive for anxiety or depression. CONCLUSION Routine screening for mental distress is carried out in Scottish epilepsy treatment settings but is not universal. Attention should be paid to clinician factors associated with screening, such as intention to screen and resulting treatment decisions. These factors are potentially modifiable, offering a means of closing the gap between guideline recommendations and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Gillespie
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DCN), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
| | - Susan E Duncan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DCN), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Child Life and Health, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Bethany Iona Flewitt
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DCN), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Riccardo Sacripante
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DCN), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK; University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Richard F Chin
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Child Life and Health, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Shen S, Dong Z, Sander JW, Zhou D, Li J. Somatic symptoms and related disorders in a large cohort of people with epilepsy: A cohort study. Epilepsia 2023; 64:320-334. [PMID: 36318105 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to characterize somatic symptoms and related disorders (SSD) in epilepsy. METHODS Adults with epilepsy under active follow-up at a tertiary epilepsy center were consecutively enrolled. The diagnosis of SSD was performed by an experienced psychologist based on the structured clinical interview for Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Detailed social/demographic data, epilepsy features, psychiatric features, life quality, disability, and economic burden were collected and compared between people with SSD and those without. Bodily distress syndrome checklist, Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven-item scale (GAD-7) were used to evaluate SSD individuals' somatic symptoms, symptom-related psychological distress, and depressive and anxious symptoms. Quality of life and disability were assessed by Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory 31 (QOLIE-31) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule V.2.0 (WHO DAS 2.0). A risk prediction nomogram was generated using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and validated. RESULTS One hundred fifty of 631 participants (24%) were diagnosed with SSD. In people with SSD, the top three most common somatic symptoms were memory impairment, headache, and dizziness (85%, 80%, and 78%, respectively), and multiple systems were involved in most (82%) people with SSD. Compared with people without SSD, those with SSD had lower QOLIE-31 total scores, and higher WHO DAS 2.0 scores and disease economic burdens. LASSO analysis suggested that a history of severe traumatic brain injury, hippocampal sclerosis, low seizure worry and medication effects scores on QOLIE-31, multiple systems affected by somatic symptoms, and a high GAD-7 score were risk factors of SSD. The nomogram was validated for good accuracy in the training and testing cohorts. SIGNIFICANCE SSD are likely to be a common comorbidity in epilepsy and harm epilepsy prognosis. Our risk prediction nomogram was successfully developed but needs further validation in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Shen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Josemir W Sander
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, UK
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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20
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Park J, Lee SI, Lee J, Youn H, Kim SG. Factors Affecting Stress and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:152-161. [PMID: 36891600 PMCID: PMC9996144 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the factors influencing the mental health and stress of individuals during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A total of 600 participants were enrolled in this anonymous questionnaire survey that included questions on their demographic profiles and experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 Stress Scale for Korean People (CSSK), Warwick- Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Insomnia Severity Index, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used. Data were analyzed using multiple regression to identify the factors affecting the total CSSK scores and the scores of each of the three CSSK subscales. RESULTS Multiple regression analyses revealed that the severity of insomnia, sex, degree of income decline, occupation, religion, education level, marital status, residential status, level of social support, and degree of depression and anxiety had significant relationships with COVID-19-related stress. CONCLUSION We identified factors affecting stress and mental health in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings may be helpful in providing an individualized approach to managing the mental health of the public. We expect that the results of this study will be used to screen high-risk individuals vulnerable to stress and to establish policies related to the public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Irene Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunChul Youn
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Gyeom Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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21
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Yang T, Roberts C, Winton-Brown T, Lloyd M, Kwan P, O'Brien TJ, Velakoulis D, Rayner G, Malpas CB. Childhood trauma in patients with epileptic vs nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 2023; 64:184-195. [PMID: 36300720 PMCID: PMC10100454 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood trauma has been implicated as a risk factor for the etiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Relatively little attention has been paid to whether profiles of specific trauma types differ between patients with epilepsy and PNES. Investigating childhood trauma profiles in these patient groups may identify psychological vulnerabilities that predispose to developing PNES, and aid early diagnoses, prevention, and treatment. METHODS Data were collected from two cohorts (nRetrospective = 203; nProspective = 209) admitted to video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring units in Melbourne Australia. The differences in Childhood Trauma Questionnaire domain score between patient groups were investigated using standardized effect sizes and general linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs). Receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to investigate classification accuracy. RESULTS In the retrospective cohort, patients diagnosed with PNES reported greater childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect relative to patients with epilepsy. These differences were replicated in the prospective cohort, except for physical abuse. GLMMs revealed significant main effects for group in both cohorts, but no evidence for any group by domain interactions. Reported sexual abuse showed the best screening performance of PNES, although no psychometric scores were adequate as isolated measures. SIGNIFICANCE Patients with PNES report a greater frequency of childhood trauma than patients with epilepsy. This effect appears to hold across all trauma types, with no strong evidence emerging for a particular trauma type that is more prevalent in PNES. From a practical perspective, inquiry regarding a history of sexual abuse shows the most promise as a screening measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Yang
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caitlin Roberts
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toby Winton-Brown
- Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Lloyd
- Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Genevieve Rayner
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Alfred Brain, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Goel P, Singh G, Bansal V, Sharma S, Kumar P, Chaudhry R, Bansal N, Chaudhary A, Sharma S, Sander JW. Psychiatric comorbidities among people with epilepsy: A population-based assessment in disadvantaged communities. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 137:108965. [PMID: 36343531 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Psychiatric disorders are frequent among people with epilepsy but often under-recognized. The diagnosis and treatment of these disorders in low- and low-middle-income countries (LMICs) are challenging. METHODS This cross-sectional survey included people recruited during a community epilepsy screening program involving 59,509 individuals from poor communities in Ludhiana in Northwest India. Adults (age ≥18 years) with confirmed epilepsy on antiseizure medications were screened for depression and anxiety using the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) twice over two years of follow-up. They were later interviewed for symptoms using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, which was then confirmed by assessments by an experienced psychiatrist. RESULTS Of the 240 people with confirmed epilepsy, 167 (70%) were adults, of whom, 116 (70%) eventually participated in the study. The NDDI-E with a cut-off of 15 identified depression in 14 (12%) of 116 people after one year of follow-up and 17 (15%) at two years. The GAD-7 using a cut-off of 6 identified 22 (19%) at one year and 32 (28%) with anxiety at two years. The area under the curves for NDDI-E was estimated as 0.62 (95%CI, 0.51-0.73; SE: 0.06; p = 0.04) and for GAD-7 as 0.62 (95%CI, 0.46-0.78; SE: 0.08; p = 0.12). Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale identified 63 (54%) people with psychiatric symptoms, for whom, a psychiatric diagnosis was confirmed in 60 (52%). A psychiatric diagnosis was associated with education below high school [Odds Ratio (OR): 2.59, 95%CI, 1.12-5.1; p = 0.03], later age of seizure onset (OR, 1.05, 95%CI: 1.0-1.10; p = 0.04), seizure frequency of at least one/year at enrolment (OR, 2.36, 95%CI: 1.0-5.58; p = 0.05) and the use of clobazam (OR, 5.09, 95%CI, 1.40-18.42; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Depression and anxiety are common in people with epilepsy. Our findings underscore the low yields of screening instruments, NDDI-E and GAD-7, and comparatively better professionally-administered diagnostic assessments in resource-limited settings in LMICs. Moreover, previously established cut-offs do not apply to the community studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Goel
- Research & Development Unit, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India; Department of Neurology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Research & Development Unit, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India; Department of Neurology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.
| | - Vasu Bansal
- Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Suman Sharma
- Research & Development Unit, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rupesh Chaudhry
- Department of Psychiatry, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Namita Bansal
- Research & Development Unit, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Anurag Chaudhary
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sarit Sharma
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India
| | - Josemir W Sander
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter SL9 0RJ, United Kingdom; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede 2103 SW, The Netherlands; Neurology Department, West of China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, China.
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23
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Park K, Yoon S, Cho S, Choi Y, Lee SH, Choi KH. Final validation of the mental health screening tool for depressive disorders: A brief online and offline screening tool for major depressive disorder. Front Psychol 2022; 13:992068. [PMID: 36275320 PMCID: PMC9580402 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Early screening for depressive disorders is crucial given that major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the main reasons of global burden of disease, and depression is the underlying cause for 60% of suicides. The need for an accurate screening for depression with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in a brief and culturally adapted manner has emerged. This study reports the final stage of a 3-year research project for the development of depression screening tool. The developed Mental Health Screening Tool for Depressive Disorders (MHS:D) was designed to be administered in both online and offline environments with a high level of sensitivity and specificity in screening for major depressive disorder. A total of 527 individuals completed two versions (online/offline) of the MHS:D and existing depression scales, including the BDI-II, CES-D, and PHQ-9. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for diagnostic sensitivity/specificity was also administered to all participants. Internal consistency, convergent validity, factor analysis, item response theory analysis, and receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis were performed. The MHS:D showed an excellent level of internal consistency and convergent validity as well as a one-factor model with a reasonable level of model fit. The MHS:D could screen for major depressive disorder accurately (0.911 sensitivity and 0.878 specificity for both online and paper-pencil versions). Item response theory analysis suggested that items from the MHS:D could provide significantly more information than other existing depression scales. These statistical analyses indicated that the MHS:D is a valid and reliable scale for screening Korean patients with MDD with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, given that the MHS:D is a considerably brief scale that can be administered in either online or paper-pencil versions, it can be used effectively in various contexts, particularly during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiho Park
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seowon Yoon
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Surin Cho
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Younyoung Choi
- Department of Psychology, Ajou University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kee-Hong Choi,
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Michaelis R, Schlömer S, Popkirov S, Krämer G, Lindemann A, Cosentino M, Reuber M, Heinen G, Wellmer J, Grönheit W, Wehner T, Schlegel U, Scott AJ, Gandy M. German translation and validation of the brief Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument (brEASI). Epilepsy Behav 2022; 134:108857. [PMID: 35907288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders remain undiagnosed in routine clinical practice in up to two thirds of affected patients with epilepsy despite their significant impact on medical and psychosocial outcomes. The study objective was to translate and validate the German 8-item "brief Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument" (brEASI) to facilitate effective screening for the presence of anxiety disorders in German-speaking patients. METHODS After expert translation into German, the brEASI was completed by consecutive adult inpatients with epilepsy hospitalized for seizures at an academic reference epilepsy center. Patients also completed the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) for external validity, and underwent a standardized interview (Mini-DIPS-OA) as a gold standard to determine the presence of an ICD-10 anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, agoraphobia, and social phobia). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were calculated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the brEASI, including the associated area under the curve (AUC) statistics to determine the potential of the brEASI to identify ICD-10 anxiety disorders diagnosed by interview. For comparative purposes, these analyses were also conducted for the GAD-7. RESULTS Of 80 recruited adult inpatients with epilepsy, 18 (23 %) were found to have a current anxiety disorder through standardized interview. In this study, both brEASI and GAD-7 showed a better diagnostic performance at a cutoff of >5 than at the previously reported cutoff values of >6 and >9, respectively. The AUC of the German brEASI was outstanding (AUC = 0.90, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.82-0.96) for detecting all anxiety disorders and excellent for detecting non-GAD disorders (AUC = 0.85, CI = 0.76-0.92) at a cutoff of >5. At this optimal cutoff of >5 the brEASI demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity (89 % and 84 %) for identifying anxiety disorders than the GAD-7 (83 % and 74 %). The final German version of the brEASI is free to download at https://www.v-neuro.de/veroeffentlichungen/. CONCLUSION The German version of the brEASI represents a valid and reliable epilepsy-specific anxiety screening instrument. A positive screening result should be followed by further diagnostic procedures. Appropriate therapeutic steps should be initiated if the presence of an anxiety disorder or other psychiatric disorders is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Michaelis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.
| | - Sabine Schlömer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stoyan Popkirov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Anja Lindemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maya Cosentino
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reuber
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jörg Wellmer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wenke Grönheit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Wehner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Amelia J Scott
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Milena Gandy
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Hohmann L, Berger J, Kastell SU, Holtkamp M. Perceived epilepsy-related stigma is linked to the socioeconomic status of the residence. Front Public Health 2022; 10:952585. [PMID: 36091545 PMCID: PMC9459334 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.952585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders with high costs for the healthcare systems and great suffering for patients. Beyond seizures, psychosocial comorbidities can have detrimental effects on the well-being of people with epilepsy. One source of social stress and reduced quality of life is epilepsy-related stigma that often occurs, e.g., due to public misconceptions or myths. Stigma has individual biological, psychological and social correlates. Moreover, environmental factors like living in remote areas are associated with stigma. However, little is known about the link between the social structure of the residence and stigma in epilepsy. Thus, we investigated the association between the structural socioeconomic status (SES) and perceived stigma in an urban epilepsy population. Methods This prospective, cross-sectional study examined 226 adult in-patients with epilepsy from Berlin. Multiple regression analyses were performed to check the relationship between structural SES and stigma controlling for individual-level demographic, clinical, psychological and social factors. Continuous social indices (SI) of the districts and neighborhoods ("SI district" and "SI neighborhood") of Berlin were used to measure different levels of structural SES. Non-linear relationships are tested by grouping the SI in quartiles. Results Both indicators of structural SES were independently linked to stigma (p = 0.002). For "SI district", we identified a non-linear relationship with patients from the most deprived quartile feeling less stigmatized compared to those in the second (p < 0.001) or least deprived quartile (p = 0.009). Furthermore, more restrictions of daily life (p < 0.001), unfavorable income (p = 0.009) and seizure freedom in the past 6 months (p = 0.05) were related to increased stigma. A lower "SI neighborhood" was associated with higher stigma (p = 0.002). Conclusion Strategies to reduce epilepsy-related stigma need to consider the sociostructural living environment on different regional levels. Unfavorable relations with the immediate living environment may be directly targeted in patient-centered interventions. Non-linear associations with the structural SES of broader regional levels should be considered in public education programs. Further research is needed to examine possible underlying mechanisms and gain insight into the generalizability of our findings to other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Hohmann
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany,Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,*Correspondence: Louisa Hohmann
| | - Justus Berger
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shirley-Uloma Kastell
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Holtkamp
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany,Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Depression and anxiety and their associated factors among caregivers of children and adolescents with epilepsy in three selected hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271885. [PMID: 35877780 PMCID: PMC9312431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety are unforeseen among primary caregivers of patients with epilepsy. Little attention is being given to the problem in Ethiopia. Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety among caregivers of children and adolescents with epilepsy in three selected hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ethiopia from January 1-30/2021. Systematic sampling technique was used. The Public Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaires were used to measure depression and anxiety respectively. Binary logistic regression model was employed independently for both depression and anxiety. Variables with P-values <0.2 were taken to multivariate analyses. Variables with P-value <0.05 in the multivariate analyses were considered to have a statistical association with depression and anxiety. Result A total of 383 participants involved yielding a response rate of 90.5%. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were found to be 13.7% and 10.4% respectively. Being female (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.21: 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.00, 3.82), being unmarried (AOR = 1.31; 95%CI: 0.32, 5.023), having history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.98), current seizure attack (AOR = 4.19; 95%CI: 1.36, 12.97), duration of care 6-11years (AOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.11, 7.58), duration of care > 11years (AOR = 6.90; 95%CI: 1.56, 30.49), moderate social support (AOR = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.81), strong social support (AOR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0.22, 1.67) and currently use substance (AOR = 2.01;95%CI: 1.63, 6.46) were factors associated with depression. On the other hand, being unmarried (AOR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.93), current seizure attack (AOR = 1.81 with 95% CI = 1.28–2.54), able to read and write (AOR = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.14, 0.77), completed primary and secondary education (AOR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.39, 0.76), current substance use (AOR = 1.466; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.93), being parent (AOR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.31, 4.96), rural (AOR = 3.75; 95%CI: 1.40, 10.04) and grand mal type (AOR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.68, 2.91) were factors associated with anxiety. Conclusions In our study, approximately one in fifteen and more than one in ten caregivers had depression and anxiety respectively. The result of this study suggested that healthcare providers need to pay more attention to the psychological well-being of all caregivers of children and adolescents with epilepsy.
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Shih YC, Chou CC, Lu YJ, Yu HY. Reliability and validity of the traditional Chinese version of the GAD-7 in Taiwanese patients with epilepsy. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:2324-2330. [PMID: 35584970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is the second most common psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. GAD has a negative impact on seizure control, and it is underrecognized. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) questionnaire is useful for screening GAD in patients with epilepsy (PWE). This study aimed to validate the traditional Chinese version of the GAD-7 for Taiwanese patients by obtaining data on adult PWE from our hospital. METHOD PWE were recruited from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital from April 2017 to January 2020. The mood disorder module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used for the psychiatric assessment. The traditional Chinese version of the GAD-7 and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were included as self-rated psychiatric evaluation. To investigate the psychometric properties, internal consistency, external validation, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were conducted to assess the utility of the Taiwanese version of the GAD-7. RESULTS We recruited 109 patients in the present study. Seventeen patients (15.9%) had GAD according to the MINI. The mean GAD-7 score was 10.28 ± 10.68. All the GAD-7 items were significantly and positively associated with the corrected overall GAD-7 score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.928, p < 0.0001). The cut-off point for the GAD-7 in ROC curve analysis was 7. The patients with GAD were more likely to be female and single. CONCLUSION The traditional Chinese version of the GAD-7 is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire for detecting GAD in Taiwanese PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Cheng Shih
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jiun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rauh R, Schulze-Bonhage A, Metternich B. Assessment of Anxiety in Patients With Epilepsy: A Literature Review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:836321. [PMID: 35547374 PMCID: PMC9081800 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.836321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Approximately 20% of people with epilepsy (PWE) suffer from anxiety. These fears are quite diverse and may manifest periictally or interictally, be part of the seizure's semiology, or an expression of reactive psychological distress from seizures themselves. Our review addresses the question of what screening tools are used in clinical care and epileptological research to capture the complexity of epilepsy-specific anxieties. Method On 2021/11/11, we entered a search string in PubMed that covered our research interest as completely as possible. We also screened the bibliographies of our findings and followed PubMed's recommendations. From the assessments we found in the included studies, we extracted domains that represent the range of manifestations of anxiety, in order to compare the tools and to discuss to what extent they are suitable for assessing epilepsy-specific anxieties. Results We screened 1,621 abstracts. In total, we identified 24 different anxiety assessments. In addition to the psychiatric assessments in use, we found 7 tools that were designed to assess epilepsy-specific anxieties. The latter focus on different aspects of epilepsy-specific anxieties. In some cases, the conceptual frameworks are not sufficiently transparent or divergent. Conclusion Because a diagnosis of epilepsy can result in, or seizures may appear as, anxiety, it is important to better understand this psychological burden and address it therapeutically, if necessary. There is a need for screening tools that integrate specific points of a variety of assessments, so as to cover the broad range of epilepsy-specific fears. None of the assessments we found meets this integrative perspective. At the same time, the appropriate design of such a required tool presupposes a conceptual framework of what should be considered as epilepsy-specific anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Rauh
- Epilepsy Center, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Birgitta Metternich
- Epilepsy Center, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Wang S, Yang J, Wei N, Lv W, Jiang Z, Huang H, Zhang J, Xu P, Yu CY, Xu Z. Anxiety and depression among epilepsy patients in low-risk areas for COVID-19 in the northern part of Guizhou Province, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2022. [PMCID: PMC9084936 DOI: 10.1186/s42494-022-00092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study was aimed to investigate whether patients with epilepsy (PWE) have higher depression and anxiety levels than the normal population in low-risk areas for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the northern part of Guizhou Province, China, during the COVID-19 epidemic, to evaluate their knowledge on COVID-19, and to analyze related factors for the psychological distress of PWE at this special time.
Methods
The survey was conducted online from February 28, 2020 to March 7, 2020 via a questionnaire. PWE from the outpatient clinic of epilepsy of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, and healthy people matched for age and sex, participated in this study. Mental health was assessed via a generalized anxiety self-rating scale (GAD-7) and the self-rating depression scale (PHQ-9). The knowledge of COVID-19 in both groups was investigated.
Results
There were no significant differences in the general demographics between the PWE and healthy control groups. The scores of PHQ-9 (P < 0.01) and GAD-7 (P < 0.001) were higher in the PWE group than in the healthy group. There was a significant difference in the proportions of respondents with different severities of depression and anxiety, between the two groups, which revealed significantly higher degree of depression and anxiety in PWE than in healthy people (P = 0, P = 0). Overwhelming awareness and stressful concerns for the pandemic and female patients with epilepsy were key factors that affect the level of anxiety and depression in PWE. Further, the PWE had less accurate knowledge of COVID-19 than healthy people (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the knowledge of virus transmission route, incubation period, susceptible population, transmission speed, clinical characteristics, and isolation measures on COVID-19 (P > 0.05). PWE knew less about some of the prevention and control measures of COVID-19 than healthy people.
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 epidemic, excessive attention to the epidemic and the female sex are factors associated with anxiety and depression in PWE, even in low-risk areas.
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Begasse De Dhaem O, Aldana SI, Kanner AM, Sperling M, French J, Nadkarni SS, Hope OA, O'Brien T, Morrison C, Winawer M, Minen MT. Association Between Migraine Comorbidity and Psychiatric Symptoms Among People With Newly Diagnosed Focal Epilepsy. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:182-187. [PMID: 34961330 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about psychiatric symptoms among patients with migraine and newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. The investigators compared symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among people with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy with migraine versus without migraine. METHODS The Human Epilepsy Project is a prospective multicenter study of patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. Depression (measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), anxiety (measured with the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale), and suicidality scores (measured with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale [C-SSRS]) were compared between participants with versus without migraine. Data analysis was performed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality assessment, the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and linear regression. RESULTS Of 349 patients with new-onset focal epilepsy, 74 (21.2%) had migraine. There were no differences between the patients without migraine versus those with migraine in terms of age, race, and level of education. There were more women in the group with migraine than in the group without migraine (75.7% vs. 55.6%, p=0.0018). The patients with epilepsy and comorbid migraine had more depressive symptoms than the patients with epilepsy without migraine (35.2% vs. 22.7%, p=0.031). Patients with epilepsy with comorbid migraine had more anxiety symptoms than patients with epilepsy without migraine, but this relation was mediated by age in logistic regression, with younger age being associated with anxiety. Comorbid migraine was not associated with C-SSRS ideation or behavior. CONCLUSIONS Among a sample of patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy, 21.2% had migraine. Migraine comorbidity was associated with higher incidence of depressive symptoms. Future studies should be performed to better assess these relationships and possible treatment implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Begasse De Dhaem
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Sandra India Aldana
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Andres Miguel Kanner
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Michael Sperling
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Jacqueline French
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Siddhartha S Nadkarni
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Omotola A Hope
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Terry O'Brien
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Chris Morrison
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Melodie Winawer
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
| | - Mia T Minen
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York (Begasse De Dhaem); Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York (Aldana); Division of Epilepsy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (Kanner); Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia (Sperling); New York University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York (French, Nadkarni, Morrison); Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston (Hope); The Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (O'Brien); Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York (Winawer); and Departments of Neurology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York (Minen)
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Hong E, Jung A, Woo K. A cross-sectional study on public health nurses' disaster competencies and influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:731. [PMID: 35413863 PMCID: PMC9005315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Public health nurses are performing various roles during the COVID-19 pandemic: counseling, surveillance, specimen collection, epidemiological investigation, education, and vaccination. This study investigated their disaster competencies in the context of emerging infectious diseases, and identified their influencing factors based on Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory. A convenience sample of 242 was selected from public health nurses working in a metropolitan city of South Korea. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0. Results showed that the significant factors influencing disaster competencies included "willingness to respond to a disaster," "preventive behavior," "experience of receiving education on emerging infectious diseases response," "public health center experience," "job satisfaction," and "education." This regression model explained 33.2% of the variance in disaster competencies. "Willingness to respond to a disaster" was the strongest factor affecting disaster competencies. Based on these results, it is concluded that interventions to improve disaster competencies and psychological well-being of public health nurses are needed. Additionally, strategies such as creating a supportive work environment, deploying experienced nurses primarily on the front line, and reducing the tasks of permanent public health nurses should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoo Hong
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeri Jung
- College of Nursing, Eulji University, 712 Dongil-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmi Woo
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Mula M, Coleman H, Wilson SJ. Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Comorbidities in Epilepsy. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2022; 28:457-482. [PMID: 35393966 DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article discusses psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities of epilepsy over the lifespan and illustrates opportunities to improve the quality of care of children and adults with epilepsy. RECENT FINDINGS One in 3 people with epilepsy have a lifetime history of psychiatric disorders, and they represent an important prognostic marker of epilepsy. Contributors are diverse and display a complex relationship. Cognitive comorbidities are also common among those living with epilepsy and are increasingly recognized as a reflection of changes to underlying brain networks. Among the cognitive comorbidities, intellectual disability and dementia are common and can complicate the diagnostic process when cognitive and/or behavioral features resemble seizures. SUMMARY Comorbidities require consideration from the first point of contact with a patient because they can determine the presentation of symptoms, responsiveness to treatment, and the patient's day-to-day functioning and quality of life. In epilepsy, psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities may prove a greater source of disability for the patient and family than the seizures themselves, and in the case of essential comorbidities, they are regarded as core to the disorder in terms of etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Gumisiriza N, Kamoen O, Boven A, Dusabimana A, Nono D, Musisi S, Colebunders R. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on persons with epilepsy in Uganda: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 128:108536. [PMID: 35104731 PMCID: PMC8720867 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the disease course, lives, and psychosocial wellbeing of persons with epilepsy (PWE) in Uganda. METHODS From April 2021 till May 2021, we carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study at four hospitals located in four regions of Uganda. PWE presenting at the study sites were offered a structured questionnaire in the local language. We used the PHQ-9 questionnaire to screen for depression and the GAD-7 to screen for anxiety. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate factors associated with anxiety and depression. RESULTS A total of 370 responses were collected. The median age of the respondents was 20.5 years (IQR 15-29), and 51.9% were males. During the lockdown period, the seizure frequency increased in 87 (23.5%) PWE. Various forms of physical and psychological violence were inflicted upon 106 (28.6%) PWE. Fifty-eight (15.7%) screened positive for anxiety and 65 (17.6%) positive for depression. Both increased seizure frequency and experienced violence were associated with experiencing depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown impacted seizure frequency and the psychosocial wellbeing of PWE in Uganda. Increased seizure frequency was associated with higher rates of anxiety and depression. This underlines the importance of continued follow-up of PWE and a low threshold to screen for depression, anxiety, and domestic violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolbert Gumisiriza
- Department of Mental Health, Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Olivia Kamoen
- Department of Neurology, Heilig Hart Ziekenhuis, Lier, Belgium
| | - Annelies Boven
- Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Denis Nono
- AfriChild Centre for the Study of the African Child, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Seggane Musisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
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Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Kotwas I, Arthuis M, Soncin L, Rontani P, Daquin G, Cermolacce M, Bartolomei F, McGonigal A. Screening for epilepsy-specific anxiety symptoms: French validation of the EASI. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 128:108585. [PMID: 35180578 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To translate and validate the Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument (EASI) in French people with epilepsy (PWE); (2) to further investigate the screening properties of each dimension of the EASI in terms of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) anxiety disorders and of epilepsy-specific anxiety disorders, namely, anticipatory anxiety of seizures (AAS) and epileptic social phobia. METHODS Following back-translation, the French EASI was tested in PWE > 18 years using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as gold standard for DSM anxiety disorders. We added 3 original questions to explore epilepsy-specific anxiety symptoms. The Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7), Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), and Adverse Events Profile were performed for external validity. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) were analyzed. RESULTS One hundred and forty nine native French speakers with epilepsy were included. Concerning DSM disorders, around 25% had GAD, 18% Agoraphobia, and <10% Social Phobia or Panic Disorder. Concerning possible epilepsy-specific anxiety disorder, 35% had AAS and 38% had epileptic social phobia. Bi-dimensional structure of the EASI was confirmed. Internal and external validity was satisfactory. ROC analysis showed AUC of 0.83 for detection of GAD and AUC 0.79 for other DSM anxiety disorders. ROC analysis of the 8-item French brEASI showed good performance for detection of GAD (AUC 0.83) and other DSM anxiety disorders (AUC 0.76) but not for epilepsy-specific anxiety symptoms (AUC 0.63). Conversely, dimension 2 of the French EASI (=10 items) allowed good detection of epilepsy-specific anxiety symptoms (AUC 0.78); cutoff > 4, sensitivity 82.4, specificity 66.7. CONCLUSION Epilepsy-specific anxiety symptoms were prevalent, in around 60%. The French version of the EASI showed robust performance. The French 8-item brEASI allows screening for all DSM anxiety disorders with superior performance than the GAD-7, but is less suited to screening for epilepsy-specific anxiety. We propose the "Epilepsy-Specific Anxiety" (ESA) 10-item screening instrument, based on dimension 2 of the EASI, as a complementary clinical and research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi
- Sleep Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba-Leon, 33 076 Bordeaux, France; USR CNRS 3413 SANPSY, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33 076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Iliana Kotwas
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Arthuis
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France
| | - Lisa Soncin
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Rontani
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France
| | - Geraldine Daquin
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Cermolacce
- University Department of Psychiatry, APHM, Sainte Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France.
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Lee SA, Im K, Yang HR. Factors associated with sleep state misperception in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 2022; 26:1921-1930. [PMID: 35028861 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known regarding the prevalence of sleep state misperception and the factors related to this in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS This retrospective study included patients with OSA defined by an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥ 5 and used the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth sleepiness scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. Underestimation and overestimation of sleep state perception were defined as < 80% and > 120%, respectively, of the ratio between subjective and objective total sleep time. An ISI score > 14 indicated clinically significant insomnia and an AHI ≥ 30 indicated severe OSA. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted with the category of sleep state perception as an outcome variable. RESULTS Of the 707 patients with OSA, underestimation and overestimation of sleep state perception were noted in 22.5% and 10.6% of subjects, respectively. The median absolute differences (and percentages of the ratio) between subjective and objective total sleep time were 116 min (66.9%) and 87 min (127.3%) in the underestimated and overestimated perception groups, respectively. In the adjusted model, the underestimated group was more likely to have an ISI score > 14 (OR = 1.812, P = .006). The overestimated group was more likely to be older (OR = 1.025, P = .025) and has severe OSA (OR = 1.729, P = .035). CONCLUSIONS There are two patterns of sleep state misperception in patients with OSA: underestimation associated with comorbid insomnia symptoms and overestimation associated with severe OSA. These findings enhance understanding of the pathophysiology of sleep state misperception in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kayeong Im
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Rin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
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Lee SA, Choi EJ, Jeon JY, Han SH, Kim HW, Lee GH, Ryu HU, Im K, Yang HR. Impulsivity in persons with epilepsy: Association with seizure severity and suicide risk. Epilepsy Res 2022; 179:106825. [PMID: 34864632 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical research regarding impulsivity in patients with epilepsy is limited. The present study investigated the associations between impulsivity and seizure-related factors or suicidality in patients with epilepsy, independent of depression and anxiety. METHODS The multicenter study included 146 subjects (63% men). We utilized the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and suicidality module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Stepwise regression analyses and an analysis of covariance with interaction terms were performed. RESULTS The mean BIS-11 score was 59.3 (SD = 10.7). Psychiatric pathologies, including suicidality, were reported in relatively large proportions of patients, including PHQ-9 score ≥ 10 in 29 (19.9%) patients, GAD-7 score ≥ 7 in 35 (24.0%) patients, and MINI suicidality score ≥ 6 in 15 (10.3%) patients. Stepwise linear regression revealed that BIS-11 score was positively associated with the PHQ-9 scores (p < 0.001), antiseizure medication polytherapy (p < 0.001), use of lamotrigine (p = 0.009), and recurrence of generalized or focal to bilateral tonic clonic seizures (p = 0.010). The coefficient of determination for the model was 0.397. Generalized or focal to bilateral tonic clonic seizure recurrence tended to be positively associated with total BIS-11 scores in men but not in women. In subscale analyses, somewhat different variables were associated with different BIS-11subscales. A trend for a positive association between BIS-11 score and suicidality was found (p = 0.066). CONCLUSIONS This study identified a positive association between clinical seizure severity and impulsivity, and found that this association tended to be sex-specific, occurring only in males. Impulsivity could potentially be weakly associated with suicidality in patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Choi
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Han
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gha-Hyun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Uk Ryu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayeong Im
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Rin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim JA, Yun JY, Choi SH, Park S, Suk HW, Jang JH. Greater variability in daily sleep efficiency predicts depression and anxiety in young adults: Estimation of depression severity using the two-week sleep quality records of wearable devices. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1041747. [PMID: 36419969 PMCID: PMC9676252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1041747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep disturbances are associated with both the onset and progression of depressive disorders. It is important to capture day-to-day variability in sleep patterns; irregular sleep is associated with depressive symptoms. We used sleep efficiency, measured with wearable devices, as an objective indicator of daily sleep variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total sample consists of 100 undergraduate and graduate students, 60% of whom were female. All were divided into three groups (with major depressive disorder, mild depressive symptoms, and controls). Self-report questionnaires were completed at the beginning of the experiment, and sleep efficiency data were collected daily for 2 weeks using wearable devices. We explored whether the mean value of sleep efficiency, and its variability, predicted the severity of depression using dynamic structural equation modeling. RESULTS More marked daily variability in sleep efficiency significantly predicted levels of depression and anxiety, as did the average person-level covariates (longer time in bed, poorer quality of life, lower extraversion, and higher neuroticism). CONCLUSION Large swings in day-to-day sleep efficiency and certain clinical characteristics might be associated with depression severity in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-A Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Susan Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Suk
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Human Systems Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee JY, Kim M, Jhon M, Kim H, Kang HJ, Ryu S, Kim JM, Kim SW. The association of gratitude with perceived stress among nurses in Korea during COVID-19 outbreak. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:647-652. [PMID: 34861959 PMCID: PMC8530766 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses might experience added emotional stress. This study examined the relationship between gratitude and psychological stress to explore effective psychological support among nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional survey assessed the level of psychological distress in 646 nurses in Gwangju, South Korea, using the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (K-GQ-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Sociodemographic factors and COVID-19-related experiences were also examined. A linear regression model was used to determine the factors influencing perceived stress. RESULTS The mean PSS-10 score was 19.0 ± 4.4. Linear regression analyses revealed that the MBI-GS-Exhaustion, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores were positively associated with perceived stress, while the MBI-GS-Professional efficacy score was inversely associated with perceived stress. Gratitude disposition using the K-GQ-6 score negatively predicted PSS-10 (β = 0.829, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Psychological interventions that help cultivate gratitude and professional efficacy among nurses can help promote stress resilience throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Gwang-ju Mental Health Commission, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Gwang-ju Mental Health Commission, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jhon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Honey Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyong Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Gwang-ju Mental Health Commission, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SA, Choi EJ, Jeon JY, Han SH, Kim HW, Lee GH, Ryu HU, Im K, Yang HR. Insomnia moderates the association between recurrent seizures and emotional instability in persons with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 125:108414. [PMID: 34798559 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the moderating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between seizure recurrence and emotional instability in patients with epilepsy, independent of psychological distress. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Patients completed the short form of the Affective Lability Scale (ALS-18), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). A stepwise linear regression analysis and an analysis of covariance with an interaction term were performed. RESULTS A total of 171 subjects (63.2% men) were included. The mean ALS-18 score was 15.6 ± 11.3. An ISI ≥ 15, PHQ-9 ≥ 10, and GAD-7 ≥ 7 were noted in 20.5%, 18.1%, and 23.4% of subjects, respectively. A stepwise linear regression analysis found that recurrent seizures in the last year, an ISI ≥ 15, a GAD-7 ≥ 7, and use of levetiracetam were significant and independent factors that were positively associated with higher ALS-18 scores. The coefficient of determination for the model was 0.331. The interaction between recurrent seizures and an ISI ≥ 15 had a significant effect on the ALS-18 scores (F = 6.812, p = 0.010, partial eta2 = 0.040). An ISI ≥ 15 was associated with ALS-18 scores in patients without seizure recurrence (p < 0.001). This association almost reached significance (p = 0.084) in those with recurrent seizures. In contrast, the presence of recurrent seizures was associated with ALS-18 scores in patients with an ISI < 15 (p < 0.001), but not in those with an ISI ≥ 15 (p = 0.360). CONCLUSIONS The significant interaction between insomnia and seizure status may have an effect on emotional instability. These findings have clinical implications in the development of potential interventions for emotional instability in patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Choi
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Han
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gha-Hyun Lee
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Uk Ryu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayeong Im
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Rin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim HD, Park SG, Kim WH, Min KB, Min JY, Hwang SH. Development of Korean Version Burnout Syndrome Scale (KBOSS) Using WHO's Definition of Burnout Syndrome. Saf Health Work 2021; 12:522-529. [PMID: 34900372 PMCID: PMC8640625 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout syndrome (BOS) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. This study aims to create the Korean version burnout syndrome scale (KBOSS) that conforms to WHO's definition of BOS and present the cut-off points for screening. METHODS We developed the KBOSS based on WHO's definition of BOS. An online survey was conducted through a specialized online research company. We recruited 444 workers for this research. The validity of the KBOSS was assessed using factor analysis and Pearson's correlation. The KBOSS reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The cut-off points for each of the three dimensions were derived using the upper quartile score. RESULTS The validity and reliability of the KBOSS were good. Regarding reliability, the scale's overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.813. Cronbach's alpha of each three-dimension was as follows: exhaustion, 0.916; cynicism, 0.865; and professional inefficacy, 0.819. The cut-off points of BOS three dimensions are exhaustion ≧ 21; cynicism ≧ 18; and inefficacy ≧ 15. CONCLUSION The developed questionnaire (KBOSS) can be a useful tool for screening of BOS.
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Key Words
- BCSQ, Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire
- BOS, burnout syndrome
- Burnout syndrome
- Burnout, Professional
- Burnout, Professional / diagnosis
- Exhaustion
- FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale
- GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- KBOSS, Korean version burnout syndrome scale
- MBI, Maslach Burnout Inventory
- Mental disorder
- Mental health
- PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaires
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Doo Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Goo Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Bok Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Hwang
- Department of Dentistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Li N, Shou J. Risk factors for the frequent attendance of older patients at community health service centers in China: a cross-sectional study based on stratified sampling. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:221. [PMID: 34772360 PMCID: PMC8589087 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of frequent attenders (FAs) among older patients in Shanghai, China, and explore the associated factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in six community health service centers in Shanghai, China, from August to December 2018 based on stratified sampling. On the basis of our preliminary study, FAs were defined as those attending at least four consultations in a month. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the clinicodemographic data of the participants. Social support, pain severity, depression, and anxiety were evaluated using the Social Support Revalued Scale, six-point Behavioral Rating Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire–9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, respectively. Results This study included 619 patients aged > 60 years. Among these patients, 155 (25%) were FAs to a community health service center, 366 (59.1%) had 1 or 2 chronic diseases, 179 (28.9%) had ≥3 chronic diseases, 313 (50.4%) opted for a family doctor service, and 537 (86.8%) chose a community health service center for the first consultation. The following were identified as independent risk factors for frequent attendance: widowed status, unmarried status, the presence of > 3 chronic diseases, first consultation at a community health service center, high medical expenses, frequent attendance of the spouses, long-term medication, the use of both traditional Chinese and Western medicine services, and depression. Conclusions This study summarizes the characteristics of older FAs to community health service centers in China and identifies 10 risk factors significantly associated with frequent attendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Li
- General Practice Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Juan Shou
- General Practice Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Michaelis R, Schlömer S, Lindemann A, Behrens V, Grönheit W, Pertz M, Rammé S, Seidel S, Wehner T, Wellmer J, Schlegel U, Popkirov S. Screening for Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotherapeutic Assessment in Inpatient Epilepsy Care: Preliminary Results of an Implementation Study. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:754613. [PMID: 34712125 PMCID: PMC8546318 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.754613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depression remain underdiagnosed in routine clinical practice in up to two thirds of epilepsy patients despite significant impact on medical and psychosocial outcome. Barriers to adequate mental health care for epilepsy and/or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) include a lack of integrated mental health specialists and standardized procedures. This naturalistic study outlines the procedures and outcome of a recently established psychotherapeutic service. Methods: Routine screening included the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E, cut-off value > 13) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7, cut-off value > 5). Positively (above cut-off in at least one questionnaire) screened patients were seen for a standardized interview for mental health disorders and the development of a personalized treatment plan. PNES patients were seen irrespective of their screening score. Resources were provided to support self-help and access to psychotherapy. Patients were contacted 1 month after discharge to evaluate adherence to therapeutic recommendations. Results: 120 patients were screened. Overall, 56 of 77 positively screened patients (77%) were found to have a psychiatric diagnosis through standardized interview. More epilepsy patients with an anxiety disorder had previously been undiagnosed compared to those with a depressive episode (63% vs. 30%); 24 epilepsy patients (62%) with a psychiatric comorbidity and 10 PNES patients (59%) were not receiving any mental health care. At follow-up, 16/17 (94%) epilepsy patients and 7/7 PNES patients without prior psychiatric treatment were adhering to therapeutic recommendations. Conclusion: Integrating mental health specialists and establishing standardized screening and follow-up procedures improve adherence to mental health care recommendations in epilepsy and PNES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Michaelis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten-Herdecke, Germany
| | - Sabine Schlömer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anja Lindemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vanessa Behrens
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wenke Grönheit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Milena Pertz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Rammé
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sabine Seidel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Wehner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Wellmer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stoyan Popkirov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Validation of the Korean Version of Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in Korean Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111311. [PMID: 34769828 PMCID: PMC8582924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nurses working amid the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study was conducted to verify the reliability and validity of the Korean version of Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), one of the most used tools for assessing trauma. Secondary data of 249 nurses who performed face-to-face nursing tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic, collected through an online survey, were analyzed by conducting a factor analysis of the K-IES-R and testing the internal consistency and concurrent validity with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), and Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5 (DAR-5). The result of an exploratory factor analysis of the K-IES-R supported a three-factor structure of intrusion, avoidance, and sleep disturbance, with CMIN/DF = 2.98, RMSEA = 0.09, SRMR = 0.03, CFI = 0.93, and TLI = 0.90. The Cronbach's alpha of each subscale was 0.88-0.94. The total K-IES-R score and each factor's value showed a significant correlation (moderate or higher) with the PSS, GAD-7, and DAR-5. The K-IES-R was verified as a useful tool for assessing post-traumatic stress symptoms in nurses who directly perform nursing tasks in crises such as COVID-19. This study suggests the tool be used for early assessment of post-traumatic stress symptoms in nurses and providing appropriate interventions.
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Jasionis A, Jasionytė G, Mameniškienė R. Tolerability of antiseizure medicines using Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108371. [PMID: 34757263 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LT-LAEP), and to evaluate the main demographic, clinical, and pharmacological determinants of its score. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed the LT-LAEP and examined its psychometric properties. People with epilepsy (PWE) were asked to fill in the LT-LAEP, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7), the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), and a questionnaire addressing key demographic and clinical information. Antiseizure medicine (ASM) burden was expressed as a number of ASM and total drug load. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence of various variables on LAEP results. RESULTS The data of 157 participants with the established diagnosis of epilepsy and stable ASM regimen were included in the final analysis. The mean LT-LAEP score was 48.72 ± 13.65. High internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.912) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.801) were demonstrated. The most common adverse effects (AEs) were tiredness (24.8%) and memory problems (23.6%). Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile score significantly correlated with NDDI-E (r = 0.635, p < 0.001) and GAD-7 (r = 0.640, p < 0.001) scores. The correlation between LT-LAEP score and total drug load was weak (r = 0.243, p = 0.002). The significant predictors of higher LT-LAEP score were female sex (β = -4.768, p = 0.003), higher seizure frequency (β = 4.757, p < 0.001), and higher NDDI-E (β = 1.457, p < 0.001) and GAD-7 scores (β = 0.610, p = 0.007) (F(4,152) = 43.975, R2 = 0.536, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The LT-LAEP is a reliable and valid instrument for the evaluation of the AEs of ASM. A higher score of LT-LAEP is predicted by female sex, seizure frequency, and anxiety and depression levels rather than total drug load.
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Validation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in Russian people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 123:108269. [PMID: 34500434 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the capacity of Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) to detect anxiety disorders in a Russian sample of patients with epilepsy and to validate this instrument for rapid screening of anxiety in these patients. METHODS Study included 233 patients with epilepsy, both inpatients and outpatients. For all patients Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was conducted as a gold standard for diagnosis of mental disorders. All patients also completed the questionnaires - the Russian version of GAD-7 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess convergent validity. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney test was used for the quantitative ones. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, Cronbach's alpha at point deletion, and corrected point-to-point correlation. ROC analysis was used to evaluate the properties of the GAD-7 to determine anxiety disorders. RESULTS Among 97 (41.6%) patients with epilepsy diagnosed with any anxiety disorders, 42 (18%) had panic disorder, 37 (15.9%) had agoraphobia, 17 (7.3%) had social anxiety disorder, and 64 (27.5%) had generalized anxiety disorder; 42 patients (18%) showed a combination of several anxiety disorders. The overall GAD-7 score was similar to other epilepsy studies, but higher cutoff scores characterize our sample. The scale performed well in detecting any anxiety disorder with the AUC of 0.866 and the optimal cutoff point > 8 points, and in detecting GAD with AUC = 0.922 and the optimal cutoff point > 9 points, showing overall acceptable sensitivity. CONCLUSION Russian version of the GAD-7 could be used as a screening tool for any anxiety disorders in PWE with the optimal cutoff score > 8 points.
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The Combination of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy with Virtual Reality for the Treatment of Postnatal Depression in a Brief Intervention Context: A Single-Case Study Trial. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:5514770. [PMID: 34457218 PMCID: PMC8397568 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5514770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal depression (PND) is a mood disorder with potentially devastating effects to the individual on many levels. It can affect cognitive functioning, motivation, and self-esteem. The person can socially withdraw from their immediate familial or social circle. It can affect bonding and quality time between the mother and baby. There are many effective therapeutic treatments used for the treatment of PND such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). This study using a single-case study trial with 15 participants investigates the clinical usefulness of combining CBT with virtual reality (VR). Results show that the combination of CBT with VR is an effective treatment for PND. In addition, VR can enhance awareness, decision-making, and self-appreciation within the individual and can also have real-life applications. This study also shows that the combination of VR and CBT is feasible, while the use of such a technology is well accepted.
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47
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Yun JY, Kim JW, Myung SJ, Yoon HB, Moon SH, Ryu H, Yim JJ. Impact of COVID-19 on Lifestyle, Personal Attitudes, and Mental Health Among Korean Medical Students: Network Analysis of Associated Patterns. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:702092. [PMID: 34483994 PMCID: PMC8416342 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.702092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic have affected our daily lifestyle, pressed us with fear of infection, and thereby changed life satisfaction and mental health. The current study investigated influencing cascade of changes during the COVID-19 among the lifestyle, personal attitudes, and life (dis)satisfaction for medical students, using network-based approaches. This cross-sectional survey used self-reports of 454 medical students during June and July of 2020. Depressive mood, anxiety, and intention to drop out of school were observed in 11.9, 18.5, and 38.3% of medical students, respectively. Directed acyclic graph that estimated directional propagation of the COVID-19 in medical students' daily lives initiated from the perception of unexpected event, propagated to nervous and stressed feeling, trouble relaxing, feeling like a failure, and were followed by trouble concentrating, feeling loss of control for situation, and fear of infecting colleagues. These six features were also principal mediators within the intra-individual covariance networks comprised of changed lifestyle, personal attitude, and mental health at COVID-19 pandemic. Psychosocial supports targeting nervousness, trouble relaxing and concentrating, fear of spreading infection to colleagues, feelings of a failure or loss of situational control are required for better mental health of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Whi Kim
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Jung Myung
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Bae Yoon
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Hui Moon
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjin Ryu
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Joon Yim
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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48
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Scott AJ, Sharpe L, Thayer Z, Miller LA, Nikpour A, Parratt K, Wong T, Gandy M. Reply to Grzegorzewska et al. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 118:107914. [PMID: 33741239 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J Scott
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Psychology, eCentreClinic, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Louise Sharpe
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zoe Thayer
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurie A Miller
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Armin Nikpour
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaitlyn Parratt
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Toh Wong
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Milena Gandy
- Department of Psychology, eCentreClinic, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shegelman A, Carson KA, McDonald TJW, Henry-Barron BJ, Diaz-Arias LA, Cervenka MC. The psychiatric effects of ketogenic diet therapy on adults with chronic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 117:107807. [PMID: 33610104 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with epilepsy are known to exhibit high rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. Little is known about the psychiatric effects of a ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) on adults with epilepsy. The objective of this study was to better understand the relationship between KDT and psychological state based on depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults with chronic epilepsy. METHODS Adults at the Johns Hopkins Adult Epilepsy Diet Center on a modified Atkins diet (MAD) for at least one month were surveyed retrospectively. Adults who were diet naïve were given a baseline survey and an additional survey after 3 months or more on MAD. Surveys included validated measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as their severity. Participant demographics, seizure frequency, and use of concomitant antiseizure drugs (ASDs), chronic anxiolytics (excluding as-needed benzodiazepines for seizure rescue only), and/or antidepressant drugs were extracted from electronic medical records. RESULTS One-hundred participants aged 19-75 enrolled in the study. Sixty participants filled out a single retrospective survey. Of 40 diet naïve participants who filled out a baseline prospective survey, 19 completed a follow-up survey while on MAD and 21 participants were lost to follow-up. Longer diet duration was significantly associated with fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms, based on psychiatric measure scores, in retrospective study participants. Lower seizure frequency was also significantly associated with less anxiety symptoms in the retrospective cohort. Prospective study participants did not experience significant change in anxiety or depressive symptoms on the diet. There was a significant correlation between higher ketone level and responder rate (≥50% seizure reduction) in the prospective cohort, although no correlation between ketone level and change in psychiatric symptoms was seen. SIGNIFICANCE Psychiatric comorbidity among patients with epilepsy is quite common and can be influenced by multiple factors such as seizure frequency, the use of various ASDs, social factors, and underlying etiology. Although ketogenic diet therapies have been in clinical use for one century, the psychiatric impacts have been insufficiently explored. This study provides preliminary evidence that KDT may have a positive impact on psychological state independent of seizure reduction or ketone body production and may be influenced by longer duration of diet therapy. These results support further investigation into specific effects and potential therapeutic benefits on various psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Shegelman
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Kathryn A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tanya J W McDonald
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Bobbie J Henry-Barron
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Luisa A Diaz-Arias
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mackenzie C Cervenka
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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50
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Chu MK, Kim BS, Chung PW, Kim BK, Lee MJ, Park JW, Ahn JY, Bae DW, Song TJ, Sohn JH, Oh K, Kim D, Kim JM, Kim SK, Choi YJ, Chung JM, Moon HS, Chung CS, Park KY, Cho SJ. Clinical features of cluster headache without cranial autonomic symptoms: results from a prospective multicentre study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6916. [PMID: 33767287 PMCID: PMC7994319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS) are typical in cluster headache (CH), some individuals with CH show no CAS during their headache attacks. Probable cluster headache (PCH) is a subtype of CH that fulfils all but one criterion of CH. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and clinical features of CH and PCH without CAS in comparison to those with CAS. We analysed data from the Korea Cluster Headache Registry, a prospective multicentre registry involving data from 16 hospitals. Of the 216 participants with CH and 26 with PCH, 19 (8.8%) and 7 (26.9%), respectively, did not have CAS. Participants with CH without CAS exhibited less severe anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7 score, median [interquartile range], 2.0 [1.0–6.0] vs 8.0 [3.0–12.0], p = 0.001) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score, 3.0 [1.0–7.0] vs 7.0 [3.0–11.0], p = 0.042) than those with CAS. Among participants with PCH, headache intensity was less severe in participants without CAS than in those with CAS (numeric rating scale, 8.0 [7.0–8.0] vs 9.5 [8.0–10.0], p = 0.015). In conclusion, a significant proportion of participants with CH and PCH did not have CAS. Some clinical features of CH and PCH differed based on the presence of CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Su Kim
- Department of Neurology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Pil-Wook Chung
- Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Kun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Ji Lee
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Wook Park
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Seoul, Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Woong Bae
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Oh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Moon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soo-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | | | - Jae Myun Chung
- Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Moon
- Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin-Sang Chung
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Yeol Park
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Cho
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Keun Jae Bong-gil 7, Hwaseong, 18450, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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