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Cholico GN, Fling RR, Sink WJ, Nault R, Zacharewski T. Inhibition of the urea cycle by the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin increases serum ammonia levels in mice. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105500. [PMID: 38013089 PMCID: PMC10731612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor known for mediating the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. TCDD induces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-like pathologies including simple steatosis that can progress to steatohepatitis with fibrosis and bile duct proliferation in male mice. Dose-dependent progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis by TCDD has been associated with metabolic reprogramming, including the disruption of amino acid metabolism. Here, we used targeted metabolomic analysis to reveal dose-dependent changes in the level of ten serum and eleven hepatic amino acids in mice upon treatment with TCDD. Bulk RNA-seq and protein analysis showed TCDD repressed CPS1, OTS, ASS1, ASL, and GLUL, all of which are associated with the urea cycle and glutamine biosynthesis. Urea and glutamine are end products of the detoxification and excretion of ammonia, a toxic byproduct of amino acid catabolism. Furthermore, we found that the catalytic activity of OTC, a rate-limiting step in the urea cycle was also dose dependently repressed. These results are consistent with an increase in circulating ammonia. Collectively, the repression of the urea and glutamate-glutamine cycles increased circulating ammonia levels and the toxicity of TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovan N Cholico
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Russell R Fling
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Warren J Sink
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Rance Nault
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Tim Zacharewski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
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Kwan R, Chen L, Park MJ, Su Z, Weerasinghe SVW, Lee WM, Durkalski-Mauldin VL, Fontana RJ, Omary MB. The Role of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase 1 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients With Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:3060-3069.e8. [PMID: 37054752 PMCID: PMC10656042 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) is a highly abundant mitochondrial urea cycle enzyme that is expressed primarily in hepatocytes. CPS1 is constitutively and physiologically secreted into bile but is released into the bloodstream upon acute liver injury (ALI). Given its abundance and known short half-life, we tested the hypothesis that it may serve as a prognostic serum biomarker in the setting of acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS CPS1 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting of sera collected by the ALF Study Group (ALFSG) from patients with ALI and ALF (103 patients with acetaminophen and 167 non-acetaminophen ALF etiologies). A total of 764 serum samples were examined. The inclusion of CPS1 was compared with the original ALFSG Prognostic Index by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS CPS1 values for acetaminophen-related patients were significantly higher than for non-acetaminophen patients (P < .0001). Acetaminophen-related patients who received a liver transplant or died within 21 days of hospitalization exhibited higher CPS1 levels than patients who spontaneously survived (P = .01). Logistic regression and area under the receiver operating characteristic analysis of CPS1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay values improved the accuracy of the ALFSG Prognostic Index, which performed better than the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, in predicting 21-day transplant-free survival for acetaminophen- but not non-acetaminophen-related ALF. An increase of CPS1 but not alanine transaminase or aspartate transaminase, when comparing day 3 with day 1 levels was found in a higher percentage of acetaminophen transplanted/dead patients (P < .05). CONCLUSION Serum CPS1 determination provides a new potential prognostic biomarker to assess patients with acetaminophen-induced ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Kwan
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ; Switch Therapeutics, Inc, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lu Chen
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ; Department of Infectious Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Zemin Su
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - William M Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Robert J Fontana
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M Bishr Omary
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Ong KH, Hsieh YY, Sun DP, Huang SKH, Tian YF, Chou CL, Shiue YL, Joseph K, Chang IW. Underexpression of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I as Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Potential Theranostic Biomarker. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2296. [PMID: 37443694 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the liver. In spite of the increasing incidence worldwide, it is relatively rare in Western countries. IHCC is relatively common in Eastern and Southeastern Asia. Patients with IHCC are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, therefore, the clinical outcome is dismal. Dysregulation of urea cycle metabolic enzyme expression is found in different types of cancers. Nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of genes related to the urea cycle (i.e., GO:0000050) has not been conducted in IHCC. By performing a comparative analysis of gene expression profiles, we specifically examined genes associated with the urea cycle (GO:0000050) in a publicly accessible transcriptomic dataset (GSE26566). Interestingly, CPS1 was identified as the second most prominently down-regulated gene in this context. Tumor tissues of 182 IHCC patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy were enrolled. The expression level of CPS1 protein in our IHCC cohort was assessed by immunohistochemical study. Subsequent to that, statistical analyses were carried out to examine the expression of CPS1 in relation to various clinicopathological factors, as well as to assess its impact on survival outcomes. We noticed that lower immunoreactivity of CPS1 in IHCC was associated with tumor progression (pT status) with statistical significance (p = 0.003). CPS1 underexpression was not only negatively correlated to overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) in univariate analysis but also an independent prognosticator to forecast poorer clinical outcome for all prognostic indices (OS, DFS, LRFS and MeFs) in patients with IHCC (all p ≤ 0.001). These results support that CPS1 may play a crucial role in IHCC oncogenesis and tumor progression and serve as a novel prognostic factor and a potential diagnostic and theranostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaa Hoo Ong
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Keva Joseph
- St. Jude Hospital, Vieux Fort LC12 201, Saint Lucia
| | - I-Wei Chang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
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Gao LM, Liu GY, Wang HL, Wassie T, Wu X, Yin YL. Impact of dietary supplementation with N-carbamoyl-aspartic acid on serum metabolites and intestinal microflora of sows. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:750-763. [PMID: 36054758 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-Carbamoyl-aspartic acid (NCA) is a critical precursor for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. To investigate the cumulative effects of maternal supplementation with NCA on the productive performance, serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota of sows, 40 pregnant sows (∼day 80) were assigned into two groups: (1) the control (CON) and (2) treatment (NCA, 50 g t-1 NCA). RESULTS Results showed that piglets from the NCA group had heavier birth weight than those in the CON group (P < 0.05). In addition, maternal supplementation with NCA decreased the backfat loss of sows during lactation (P < 0.05). Furthermore,16S-rRNA sequencing results revealed that maternal NCA supplementation decreased the abundance of Cellulosilyticum, Fournierella, Anaerovibrio, and Oribacterium genera of sows during late pregnancy (P < 0.05). Similarly, on the 14th day of lactation, maternal supplementation with NCA reduced the diversity of fecal microbes of sows as evidenced by significantly lower observed species, Chao1, and Ace indexes, and decreased the abundance of Lachnospire, Faecalibacterium, and Anaerovorax genera, while enriched the abundance of Catenisphaera (P < 0.05). Untargeted metabolomics showed that a total of 48 differentially abundant biomarkers were identified, which were mainly involved in metabolic pathways of arginine/proline metabolism, phenylalanine/tyrosine metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results indicated that NCA supplementation regulated intestinal microbial composition of sows and serum differential metabolites related to arginine, proline, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and fatty acids metabolism that may contribute to regulating the backfat loss of sows, and the birth weight and diarrhea rate of piglets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Min Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Gang-Yi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Ling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Teketay Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Long Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Emerging Role of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Liver Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032142. [PMID: 36768465 PMCID: PMC9916810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked b-N-acetyl-glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins, and is established by modifying the serine or threonine residues of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAc signaling is considered a critical nutrient sensor, and affects numerous proteins involved in cellular metabolic processes. O-GlcNAcylation modulates protein functions in different patterns, including protein stabilization, enzymatic activity, transcriptional activity, and protein interactions. Disrupted O-GlcNAcylation is associated with an abnormal metabolic state, and may result in metabolic disorders. As the liver is the center of nutrient metabolism, this review provides a brief description of the features of the O-GlcNAc signaling pathway, and summarizes the regulatory functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in liver metabolism. Finally, this review highlights the role of O-GlcNAcylation in liver-associated diseases, such as diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hope this review not only benefits the understanding of O-GlcNAc biology, but also provides new insights for treatments against liver-associated metabolic disorders.
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Unraveling the therapeutic potential of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) in human disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 130:106253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bai R, He AL, Guo J, Li Z, Yu X, Zeng J, Mi Y, Wang L, Zhang J, Yang D. Novel pathogenic variant (c.2947C > T) of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 gene in neonatal-onset deficiency. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1025572. [PMID: 36340787 PMCID: PMC9634248 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1025572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder characterized by hyperammonaemia. The biochemical measurement of the intermediate metabolites is helpful for CPS1D diagnosis; it however cannot distinguish CPS1D from N-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency. Therefore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is often essential for the accurate diagnosis of CPS1D. Methods NGS was performed to identify candidate gene variants of CPS1D in a Asian neonatal patient presented with poor feeding, reduced activity, tachypnea, lethargy, and convulsions. The potential pathogenicity of the identified variants was predicted by various types of bioinformatical analyses, including evolution conservation, domain and 3D structure simulations. Results Compound heterozygosity of CPS1D were identified. One was in exon 24 with a novel heterozygous missense variant c.2947C > T (p.P983S), and another was previously reported in exon 20 with c.2548C > T (p.R850C). Both variants were predicted to be deleterious. Conservation analysis and structural modeling showed that the two substituted amino acids were highly evolutionarily conserved, resulting in potential decreases of the binding pocket stability and the partial loss of enzyme activity. Conclusion In this study, two pathogenic missense variants were identified with NGS, expanding the variants pectrum of the CPS1 gene. The variants and related structural knowledge of CPS enzyme demonstrate the applicability for the accurate diagnosis of CPS1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimiao Bai
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - ALing He
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinzhen Guo
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhankui Li
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiping Yu
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - JunAn Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Obstetrics, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Genetics Center, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Du D, Liu C, Qin M, Zhang X, Xi T, Yuan S, Hao H, Xiong J. Metabolic dysregulation and emerging therapeutical targets for hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:558-580. [PMID: 35256934 PMCID: PMC8897153 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive human cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. Multiple efforts have been made to explore pharmaceutical therapies to treat HCC, such as targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune based therapies and combination of chemotherapy. However, limitations exist in current strategies including chemoresistance for instance. Tumor initiation and progression is driven by reprogramming of metabolism, in particular during HCC development. Recently, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a reappraisal of new nomenclature for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), indicates growing appreciation of metabolism in the pathogenesis of liver disease, including HCC, thereby suggesting new strategies by targeting abnormal metabolism for HCC treatment. In this review, we introduce directions by highlighting the metabolic targets in glucose, fatty acid, amino acid and glutamine metabolism, which are suitable for HCC pharmaceutical intervention. We also summarize and discuss current pharmaceutical agents and studies targeting deregulated metabolism during HCC treatment. Furthermore, opportunities and challenges in the discovery and development of HCC therapy targeting metabolism are discussed.
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Key Words
- 1,3-BPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
- 2-DG, 2-deoxy-d-glucose
- 3-BrPA, 3-bromopyruvic acid
- ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- ACLY, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) citrate lyase
- ACS, acyl-CoA synthease
- AKT, protein kinase B
- AML, acute myeloblastic leukemia
- AMPK, adenosine mono-phosphate-activated protein kinase
- ASS1, argininosuccinate synthase 1
- ATGL, adipose triacylglycerol lipase
- CANA, canagliflozin
- CPT, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase
- CYP4, cytochrome P450s (CYPs) 4 family
- Cancer therapy
- DNL, de novo lipogenesis
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase
- FABP1, fatty acid binding protein 1
- FASN, fatty acid synthase
- FBP1, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
- FFA, free fatty acid
- Fatty acid β-oxidation
- G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GLS1, renal-type glutaminase
- GLS2, liver-type glutaminase
- GLUT1, glucose transporter 1
- GOT1, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1
- Glutamine metabolism
- Glycolysis
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
- HK, hexokinase
- HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2
- LCAD, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- LPL, lipid lipase
- LXR, liver X receptor
- MAFLD, metabolic associated fatty liver disease
- MAGL, monoacyglycerol lipase
- MCAD, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
- MEs, malic enzymes
- MMP9, matrix metallopeptidase 9
- Metabolic dysregulation
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine nucleotide phosphate
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- OTC, ornithine transcarbamylase
- PCK1, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1
- PFK1, phosphofructokinase 1
- PGAM1, phosphoglycerate mutase 1
- PGK1, phosphoglycerate kinase 1
- PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- PKM2, pyruvate kinase M2
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
- PPP, pentose phosphate pathway
- Pentose phosphate pathway
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCD1, stearoyl-CoA-desaturase 1
- SGLT2, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2
- SLC1A5/ASCT2, solute carrier family 1 member 5/alanine serine cysteine preferring transporter 2
- SLC7A5/LAT1, solute carrier family 7 member 5/L-type amino acid transporter 1
- SREBP1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1
- TAGs, triacylglycerols
- TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle
- TKIs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors
- TKT, transketolase
- Tricarboxylic acid cycle
- VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- WD-fed MC4R-KO, Western diet (WD)-fed melanocortin 4 receptor-deficient (MC4R-KO)
- WNT, wingless-type MMTV integration site family
- mIDH, mutant IDH
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengyao Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tao Xi
- Research Center of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Corresponding authors.
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A Case of Carbamazepine-Induced Aggravation of Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes Epilepsy and Valproate-Induced Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy in a Child with Heterozygous Gene Variant of Carbomoyl Phosphatase Synthetase Deficiency. Case Rep Neurol Med 2022; 2021:2362679. [PMID: 35003817 PMCID: PMC8741391 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2362679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiepileptics drugs are the mainstay of the management of epilepsy in children. Sodium valproate (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ) are widely used medications in childhood epilepsy. Hyperammonemia has been described as a known side effect of valproate therapy. It is known that VPA-associated HA is common among patients who hold genetic mutations of the carbomoyl phosphatase synthase 1 gene (CPS1). Aggravation of self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SLECTS) is a rare side effect of CBZ. Here, we present a child who had CBZ-induced aggravation of rolandic epilepsy and VPA-induced HA encephalopathy in the background of an unrecognised heterozygous gene variant of CPS1. An 8-year-old boy with SLECTS presented with a history of abnormal behaviours and drowsiness. He was apparently well until six years when he developed seizures in favour of rolandic epilepsy. His electroencephalogram (EEG) showed bilateral predominantly on the right-sided central-temporal spikes and waves. The diagnosis of SLECTS was made, and he was commenced on CBZ. Though he showed some improvement at the beginning, his seizure frequency increased when the dose of CBZ was increased. His repeat EEG showed electrical status in slow-wave sleep, and CBZ was stopped. Subsequently, he was started on VPA, and with that, he developed features of encephalopathy. He had elevated serum ammonia with normal liver functions. VPA was stopped with the suspicion of VPA-induced hyperammonemia. Tandem mass spectrometry did not show significant abnormality in the amino acid profile. Specific genetic analysis revealed a c.2756 C > T.p (Ser919Leu) heterozygote genetic mutation of the CSP 1 gene. This is a classic example where side effects of treatment determine the choice of antiepileptics drugs (AEDs) in childhood epilepsy. It is essential to keep in mind that SLECTS can be aggravated with certain AEDs, and VPA-induced HA in the absence of live failure could be due to underlying inherited metabolic disorders.
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10
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Cimbalo A, Frangiamone M, Juan C, Font G, Lozano M, Manyes L. Proteomics evaluation of enniatins acute toxicity in rat liver. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 151:112130. [PMID: 33741480 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enniatins (ENs) are emerging mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi which are cytotoxic also at low concentrations due to its ionophoric properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic toxicity of ENs exposure at different concentrations in Wistar rats through a proteomic approach. Animals were intoxicated by oral gavage with medium (EN A 256, ENA1 353, ENB 540, ENB1 296 μg/mL) and high concentrations (ENA 513, ENA1 706, ENB 1021, ENB1 593 μg/mL) of an ENs mixture and sacrificed after 8 h. Protein extraction was performed using powdered liver. Peptides were analyzed using a liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Proteins were filtered by abundance using Mass Professional Profiler software (Agilent Technologies) and 57 were differentially expressed when compared to the control. In terms of abundance, the liver biomarker Carboamoyl-phosphate synthase showed the highest levels in all conditions employed while actin-1 had the lowest. Bioinformatic analysis using DAVID platform reported acetylation, nucleotide phosphate-binding region:NAD and catalytic activity as the most represented terms. Furthermore, metabolism was the most significant and enriched pathway in Reactome overrepresentation. In conclusion, ENs acute exposure caused protein expression changes related to major cellular processes in rats, hinting its involvement in liver disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cimbalo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain
| | - M Frangiamone
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain
| | - C Juan
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain
| | - G Font
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain
| | - M Lozano
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain.
| | - L Manyes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Bujassot, Spain
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11
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Liu F, Bao LS, Liang RJ, Zhao XY, Li Z, Du ZF, Lv SG. Identification of rare variants causing urea cycle disorders: A clinical, genetic, and biophysical study. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4099-4109. [PMID: 33611823 PMCID: PMC8051738 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) are a group of rare metabolic conditions characterized by hyperammonemia and a broad spectrum of phenotypic severity. They are caused by the congenital deficiency in the eight biomolecules involved in urea cycle. In the present study, five cases of UCD were recruited and submitted to a series of clinical, biochemical, and genetic analysis with a combination of high throughput techniques. Moreover, in silico analysis was conducted on the identified missense genetic variants. Various clinical and biochemical indications (including profiles of amino acids and urinary orotic acids) of UCD were manifested by the five probands. Sequence analysis revealed nine diagnostic variants, including three novel ones, which caused Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) in one case, Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1deficiency (CPS1D) in two cases, Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) in one case, and Citrin deficiency in 1case. Results of in silico biophysical analysis strongly suggested the pathogenicity of each the five missense variants and provided insight into their intramolecular impacts. In conclusion, this study expanded the genetic variation spectrum of UCD, gave solid evidence for counselling to the affected families, and should facilitate the functional study on the proteins in urea cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li-Sha Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ru-Jia Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Du
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shao-Guang Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, NICU, Bethune International Peace Hospital (the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force), Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Köritzer J, Blenn C, Bürkle A, Beneke S. Mitochondria are devoid of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1, but harbor its product oligo(ADP-ribose). J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:507-523. [PMID: 33417272 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
There are conflicting data about localization of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 and its product poly(ADP-ribose) in mitochondria. To finally clarify the discussion, we investigated with biochemical and cell biological methods the potential presence of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in these organelles. Our data show that endogenous and overexpressed poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 is only localized to the nucleus with a clear exclusion of cytosolic compartments. In addition, highly purified mitochondria devoid of nuclear contaminations do not contain poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1. Although no poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 enzyme is detectable in mitochondria, a shorter variant of its product poly(ADP-ribose) is present, associated specifically with a small subset of mitochondrial proteins as revealed by immunoprecipitation and protein fingerprint analysis. These proteins are located at key-points of the Krebs-cycle, are chaperones involved in mitochondrial functionality and quality-control, and are RNA-binding proteins important for transcript stability, respectively. Of note, despite the fact that especially poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 is its own major target for modification, we could not detect this enzyme by mass spectrometry in these organelles. These data suggests a new way of targeted nuclear-mitochondrial signaling, mediated by nuclear poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation dependent on poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Köritzer
- Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christian Blenn
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich/Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sascha Beneke
- Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Human and Environmental Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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13
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Galsgaard KD, Pedersen J, Kjeldsen SAS, Winther-Sørensen M, Stojanovska E, Vilstrup H, Ørskov C, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Holst JJ. Glucagon receptor signaling is not required for N-carbamoyl glutamate- and l-citrulline-induced ureagenesis in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G912-G927. [PMID: 32174131 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00294.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon regulates the hepatic amino acid metabolism and increases ureagenesis. Ureagenesis is activated by N-acetylglutamate (NAG), formed via activation of N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS). With the aim to identify the steps whereby glucagon both acutely and chronically regulates ureagenesis, we investigated whether glucagon receptor-mediated activation of ureagenesis is required in a situation where NAGS activity and/or NAG levels are sufficient to activate the first step of the urea cycle in vivo. Female C57BL/6JRj mice treated with a glucagon receptor antagonist (GRA), glucagon receptor knockout (Gcgr-/-) mice, and wild-type (Gcgr+/+) littermates received an intraperitoneal injection of N-carbamoyl glutamate (Car; a stable variant of NAG), l-citrulline (Cit), Car and Cit (Car + Cit), or PBS. In separate experiments, Gcgr-/- and Gcgr+/+ mice were administered N-carbamoyl glutamate and l-citrulline (wCar + wCit) in the drinking water for 8 wk. Car, Cit, and Car + Cit significantly (P < 0.05) increased plasma urea concentrations, independently of pharmacological and genetic disruption of glucagon receptor signaling (P = 0.9). Car increased blood glucose concentrations equally in GRA- and vehicle-treated mice (P = 0.9), whereas the increase upon Car + Cit was impaired in GRA-treated mice (P = 0.008). Blood glucose concentrations remained unchanged in Gcgr-/- mice upon Car (P = 0.2) and Car + Cit (P = 0.9). Eight weeks administration of wCar + wCit did not change blood glucose (P > 0.2), plasma amino acid (P > 0.4), and urea concentrations (P > 0.3) or the area of glucagon-positive cells (P > 0.3) in Gcgr-/- and Gcgr+/+ mice. Our data suggest that glucagon-mediated activation of ureagenesis is not required when NAGS activity and/or NAG levels are sufficient to activate the first step of the urea cycle.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hepatic ureagenesis is essential in amino acid metabolism and is importantly regulated by glucagon, but the exact mechanism is unclear. With the aim to identify the steps whereby glucagon both acutely and chronically regulates ureagenesis, we here show, contrary to our hypothesis, that glucagon receptor-mediated activation of ureagenesis is not required when N-acetylglutamate synthase activity and/or N-acetylglutamate levels are sufficient to activate the first step of the urea cycle in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine D Galsgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Pedersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjaellands Hospital Hilleroed, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Sasha A S Kjeldsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Winther-Sørensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Stojanovska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathrine Ørskov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Fan L, Zhao J, Jiang L, Xie L, Ma J, Li X, Cheng M. Molecular, biochemical, and clinical analyses of five patients with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23124. [PMID: 31749211 PMCID: PMC7171324 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare urea cycle disorder. The aim of this study was to present the clinical findings, management, biochemical data, molecular genetic analysis, and short-term prognosis of five children with CPS1D. METHODS The information of five CPS1D patients was retrospectively studied. We used targeted next-generation sequencing to identify carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) variants in patients suspected to have CPS1D. Candidate mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. In silico and structure analyses were processed for the pathogenicity predictions of the identified mutations. RESULTS The patients had typically clinical manifestations and biochemical data of CPS1D. Genetic analysis revealed nine mutations in the CPS1 gene, including recurrence of c.1145C > T, five of which were firstly reported. Seven mutations were missense changes, while the remaining two were predicted to create premature stop codons. In silico and structure analyses showed that these genetic lesions were predicted to affect the function or stability of the enzyme. CONCLUSION We reported five cases of CPS1D. Five novel mutations of CPS1 gene were found. Mutations of CPS1 have private nature, and most of them are missense compound heterozygous. The mutation affecting residue predicted to interfere the catalytic sites, the internal tunnel, or the regulatory domain results in severe phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Fan
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Jing Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Lingling Xie
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Jiannan Ma
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqingChina
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina
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15
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Meier M, Knudsen AR, Andersen KJ, Ludvigsen M, Eriksen PL, Pedersen AKN, Honoré B, Mortensen FV. Perturbations of urea cycle enzymes during posthepatectomy rat liver failure. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G429-G440. [PMID: 31373508 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00293.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) may occur after extended partial hepatectomy (PH). If malignancy is widespread in the liver, the size of PH and hence the size of the future liver remnant (FLR) may limit curability. We aimed to characterize differences in protein expression between different sizes of FLRs and identify proteins specific to the regenerative process of minimal-size FLR (MSFLR), with special focus on postoperative day (POD) 1 when PHLF is present. A total of 104 male Wistar rats were subjected to 30, 70, or 90% PH (MSFLR in rats), sham operation, or no operation. Blood and liver tissue were harvested at POD1, 3, and 5 (n = 8 per group). Protein expression was assessed by proteomic profiling by unsupervised two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), followed by supervised selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-MS/MS. In all, 1,035 protein spots were detected, 54 of which were significantly differentially expressed between groups and identifiable. During PHLF after PH(90%) at POD1, urea cycle and related proteins showed significant perturbations, including the urea cycle flux-regulating enzyme of carbamoyl phosphate synthase-1, ornithine transcarbamylase, and arginase-1, as well as the ornithine aminotransferase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase alpha chain. Plasma-ammonia increased significantly at POD1 after PH(90%), followed by a prompt decrease. At the protein level, we found perturbations of urea cycle and related enzymes in the MSFLR during PHLF. Our results suggest that these perturbations may augment urea cycle function, which may be pivotal for increased ammonia elimination after extensive PHs and potential PHLF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is associated with high mortality. In a rat model of 90% hepatectomy, PHLF is present. Our results on liver tissue proteomics suggest that the ability of the liver remnant to sufficiently eliminate ammonia may be brought about by perturbation related to urea cycle proteins and that enhancing the urea cycle capacity may play a key role in surviving PHLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Meier
- Department of Surgery, Section for Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatico-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Riegels Knudsen
- Department of Surgery, Section for Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatico-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Jarlhelt Andersen
- Department of Surgery, Section for Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatico-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja Ludvigsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Lykke Eriksen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frank Viborg Mortensen
- Department of Surgery, Section for Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepatico-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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16
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Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Pedersen J, Galsgaard KD, Winther-Sørensen M, Suppli MP, Janah L, Gromada J, Vilstrup H, Knop FK, Holst JJ. The Liver-α-Cell Axis and Type 2 Diabetes. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1353-1366. [PMID: 30920583 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) strongly associate with increasing body mass index, and together these metabolic diseases affect millions of individuals. In patients with T2D, increased secretion of glucagon (hyperglucagonemia) contributes to diabetic hyperglycemia as proven by the significant lowering of fasting plasma glucose levels following glucagon receptor antagonist administration. Emerging data now indicate that the elevated plasma concentrations of glucagon may also be associated with hepatic steatosis and not necessarily with the presence or absence of T2D. Thus, fatty liver disease, most often secondary to overeating, may result in impaired amino acid turnover, leading to increased plasma concentrations of certain glucagonotropic amino acids (e.g., alanine). This, in turn, causes increased glucagon secretion that may help to restore amino acid turnover and ureagenesis, but it may eventually also lead to increased hepatic glucose production, a hallmark of T2D. Early experimental findings support the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis impairs glucagon's actions on amino acid turnover and ureagenesis. Hepatic steatosis also impairs hepatic insulin sensitivity and clearance that, together with hyperglycemia and hyperaminoacidemia, lead to peripheral hyperinsulinemia; systemic hyperinsulinemia may itself contribute to worsen peripheral insulin resistance. Additionally, obesity is accompanied by an impaired incretin effect, causing meal-related glucose intolerance. Lipid-induced impairment of hepatic sensitivity, not only to insulin but potentially also to glucagon, resulting in both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia, may therefore contribute to the development of T2D at least in a subset of individuals with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Pedersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital Hillerød, University of Copenhagen, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Katrine D Galsgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Winther-Sørensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malte P Suppli
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lina Janah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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El-Sheikh RM, Mansy SS, Nessim IG, Hosni HN, El Hindawi A, Hassanein MH, AbdelFattah AS. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) as a prognostic marker in chronic hepatitis C infection. APMIS 2019; 127:93-105. [PMID: 30698308 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the value of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), as a non-invasive serum marker, for the evolution of chronic HCV infection and hepatic fibrosis. Seventy-two patients with HCV positive serum RNA and 15 health volunteers were enrolled in this study. Out of 72 patients, 10 patients had decompensated liver with ascites. Quantitative analysis of CPS1 was performed in the harvested sera and corresponding liver biopsies using ELISA and immunohistochemistry techniques respectively. Also, mitochondrial count using electron microscopy, urea analysis and conventional liver tests were done. Patients were grouped into (F1 + F2) and (F3 + F4) representing stages of moderate and severe fibrosis respectively. Tissue and serum CPS1 (s.CPS1) correlated significantly in moderate and severe fibrosis. Patients with severe fibrosis showed significantly higher levels of s.CPS1 (p-value ≤ 0.05) and significantly lower mitochondrial counts (p-value = 0.0065) than those with moderate fibrosis. S.urea positively correlated with s.CPS1 only in the decompensated group, at which s.urea reached maximal levels. In conclusion, s.CPS1 is a potential non-invasive marker for the assessment of severity and progression of HCV in relation to mitochondrial dysfunction. Also, increased s.urea with the progression of the disease is mainly due to a concurrent renal malfunction, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranya M El-Sheikh
- Electron Microscopy Research Department (Pathology), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Soheir S Mansy
- Electron Microscopy Research Department (Pathology), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iris G Nessim
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala N Hosni
- Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali El Hindawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moataz H Hassanein
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S AbdelFattah
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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18
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Reiner AP, Johnson AD. Platelet Genomics. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Shi D, Caldovic L, Tuchman M. Sources and Fates of Carbamyl Phosphate: A Labile Energy-Rich Molecule with Multiple Facets. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7020034. [PMID: 29895729 PMCID: PMC6022934 DOI: 10.3390/biology7020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbamyl phosphate (CP) is well-known as an essential intermediate of pyrimidine and arginine/urea biosynthesis. Chemically, CP can be easily synthesized from dihydrogen phosphate and cyanate. Enzymatically, CP can be synthesized using three different classes of enzymes: (1) ATP-grasp fold protein based carbamyl phosphate synthetase (CPS); (2) Amino-acid kinase fold carbamate kinase (CK)-like CPS (anabolic CK or aCK); and (3) Catabolic transcarbamylase. The first class of CPS can be further divided into three different types of CPS as CPS I, CPS II, and CPS III depending on the usage of ammonium or glutamine as its nitrogen source, and whether N-acetyl-glutamate is its essential co-factor. CP can donate its carbamyl group to the amino nitrogen of many important molecules including the most well-known ornithine and aspartate in the arginine/urea and pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways. CP can also donate its carbamyl group to the hydroxyl oxygen of a variety of molecules, particularly in many antibiotic biosynthetic pathways. Transfer of the carbamyl group to the nitrogen group is catalyzed by the anabolic transcarbamylase using a direct attack mechanism, while transfer of the carbamyl group to the oxygen group is catalyzed by a different class of enzymes, CmcH/NodU CTase, using a different mechanism involving a three-step reaction, decomposition of CP to carbamate and phosphate, transfer of the carbamyl group from carbamate to ATP to form carbamyladenylate and pyrophosphate, and transfer of the carbamyl group from carbamyladenylate to the oxygen group of the substrate. CP is also involved in transferring its phosphate group to ADP to generate ATP in the fermentation of many microorganisms. The reaction is catalyzed by carbamate kinase, which may be termed as catabolic CK (cCK) in order to distinguish it from CP generating CK. CP is a thermally labile molecule, easily decomposed into phosphate and cyanate, or phosphate and carbamate depending on the pH of the solution, or the presence of enzyme. Biological systems have developed several mechanisms including channeling between enzymes, increased affinity of CP to enzymes, and keeping CP in a specific conformation to protect CP from decomposition. CP is highly important for our health as both a lack of, or decreased, CP production and CP accumulation results in many disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuang Shi
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - Ljubica Caldovic
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - Mendel Tuchman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
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20
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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) a possible target for the treatment of skin disease. Med Hypotheses 2018; 116:96-100. [PMID: 29857917 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor expressed in all skin cells type. It responds to exogenous and endogenous chemicals by inducing/repressing the expression of several genes with toxic or protective effects in a wide range of species and tissues. In healthy skin, AhR signalling contributes to keratinocytes differentiation, skin barrier function, skin pigmentation, and mediates oxidative stress. In the last years, some studies have shown that AhR seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of some skin diseases, even if the currently available data are contradictory. Indeed, while the blocking the AhR signalling activity could prevent or treat skin cancer, the AhR activation seems to be advantageous for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Therefore, for its multifaceted role in skin diseases, AhR seems to be an attractive therapeutic target. Indeed, recently some molecules have been identified for the prevention of skin cancer and the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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21
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Wang Y, Chang L, Zhai J, Wu Q, Wang D, Wang Y. Generation of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 reporter cell lines for the assessment of ammonia metabolism. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3214-3223. [PMID: 28557353 PMCID: PMC5706564 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Both primary hepatocytes and stem cells-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) are major sources for bioartificial liver (BAL). Maintenance of hepatocellular functions and induction of functional maturity of HLCs are critical for BAL's support effect. It remains difficult to assess and improve detoxification functions inherent to hepatocytes, including ammonia clearance. Here, we aim to assess ammonia metabolism and identify ammonia detoxification enhancer by developing an imaging strategy. In hepatoma cell line HepG2, and immortalized hepatic cell line LO2, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) gene, the first enzyme of ammonia-eliminating urea cycle, was labelled with fluorescence protein via CRISPR/Cas9 system. With the reporter-based screening approach, cellular detoxification enhancers were selected among a collection of 182 small molecules. In both CPS1 reporter cell lines, the fluorescence intensity is positively correlated with cellular CPS1 mRNA expression, ammonia elimination and secreted urea, and reflected ammonia detoxification in a dose-dependent manner. Surprisingly, high-level CPS1 reporter clones also reserved many other critical hepatocellular functions, for example albumin secretion and cytochrome 450 metabolic functions. Sodium phenylbutyrate and resveratrol were identified to enhance metabolism-related gene expression and liver-enriched transcription factors C/EBPα, HNF4α. In conclusion, the CPS1-reporter system provides an economic and effective platform for assessment of cellular metabolic function and high-throughput identification of chemical compounds that improve detoxification activities in hepatic lineage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering LabBeijing Institute of Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Le Chang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering LabBeijing Institute of Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiahui Zhai
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering LabBeijing Institute of Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Qiao Wu
- Capital Medical University Youan hospitalBeijingChina
| | - Donggen Wang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering LabBeijing Institute of Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering LabBeijing Institute of Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
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22
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Wasim M, Awan FR, Khan HN, Tawab A, Iqbal M, Ayesha H. Aminoacidopathies: Prevalence, Etiology, Screening, and Treatment Options. Biochem Genet 2017; 56:7-21. [PMID: 29094226 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-017-9825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders which are caused by mutations in the specific genes that lead to impaired proteins or enzymes production. Different metabolic pathways are perturbed due to the deficiency or lack of enzymes. To date, more than 500 IEMs have been reported with most of them being untreatable. However, fortunately 91 such disorders are potentially treatable, if diagnosed at an earlier stage of life. IEMs have been classified into different categories and one class of IEMs, characterized by the physiological disturbances of amino acids is called as aminoacidopathies. Out of 91 treatable IEM, thirteen disorders are amino acid related. Aminoacidopathies can be detected by chromatography and mass spectrometry based analytical techniques (e.g., HPLC, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS) for amino acid level changes, and through genetic assays (e.g., PCR, TaqMan Genotyping, DNA sequencing) at the mutation level in the corresponding genes. Hence, this review is focused to describe thirteen common aminoacidopathies namely: Phenylketonuria (PKU), Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD), Homocystinuria/Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) deficiency, Tyrosinemia type II, Citrullinemia type I and type II, Argininosuccinic aciduria, Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I (CPS) deficiency, Argininemia (arginase deficiency), Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, N-Acetylglutamate Synthase (NAGS) deficiency, Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH) complex deficiency. Furthermore, the etiology, prevalence and commonly used analytical techniques for screening of aminoacidopathies are briefly described. This information would be helpful to researchers and clinicians especially from developing countries to initiate newborn screening programs for aminoacidopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Wasim
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) / [Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad], Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Rabbi Awan
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) / [Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad], Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Khan
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) / [Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad], Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Tawab
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) / [Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad], Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) / [Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad], Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hina Ayesha
- DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Gormley M, Ona K, Kapidzic M, Garrido-Gomez T, Zdravkovic T, Fisher SJ. Preeclampsia: novel insights from global RNA profiling of trophoblast subpopulations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:200.e1-200.e17. [PMID: 28347715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maternal signs of preeclampsia, which include the new onset of high blood pressure, can occur because of faulty placentation. We theorized that transcriptomic analyses of trophoblast subpopulations in situ would lend new insights into the role of these cells in preeclampsia pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to enrich syncytiotrophoblasts, invasive cytotrophoblasts, or endovascular cytotrophoblasts from the placentas of severe preeclampsia cases. Total RNA was subjected to global transcriptional profiling to identify RNAs that were misexpressed compared with controls. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional analysis of placentas from women who had been diagnosed with severe preeclampsia. Gestational age-matched controls were placentas from women who had a preterm birth with no signs of infection. Laser microdissection enabled enrichment of syncytiotrophoblasts, invasive cytotrophoblasts, or endovascular cytotrophoblasts. After RNA isolation, a microarray approach was used for global transcriptional profiling. Immunolocalization identified changes in messenger RNA expression that carried over to the protein level. Differential expression of non-protein-coding RNAs was confirmed by in situ hybridization. A 2-way analysis of variance of non-coding RNA expression identified particular classes that distinguished trophoblasts in cases vs controls. Cajal body foci were visualized by coilin immunolocalization. RESULTS Comparison of the trophoblast subtype data within each group (severe preeclampsia or noninfected preterm birth) identified many highly differentially expressed genes. They included molecules that are known to be expressed by each subpopulation, which is evidence that the method worked. Genes that were expressed differentially between the 2 groups, in a cell-type-specific manner, encoded a combination of molecules that previous studies associated with severe preeclampsia and those that were not known to be dysregulated in this pregnancy complication. Gene ontology analysis of the syncytiotrophoblast data highlighted the dysregulation of immune functions, morphogenesis, transport, and responses to vascular endothelial growth factor and progesterone. The invasive cytotrophoblast data provided evidence of alterations in cellular movement, which is consistent with the shallow invasion often associated with severe preeclampsia. Other dysregulated pathways included immune, lipid, oxygen, and transforming growth factor-beta responses. The data for endovascular cytotrophoblasts showed disordered metabolism, signaling, and vascular development. Additionally, the transcriptional data revealed the differential expression in severe preeclampsia of 2 classes of non-coding RNAs: long non-coding RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs. The long non-coding RNA, urothelial cancer associated 1, was the most highly up-regulated in this class. In situ hybridization confirmed severe preeclampsia-associated expression in syncytiotrophoblasts. The small nucleolar RNAs, which chemically modify RNA structure, also correlated with severe preeclampsia. Thus, we enumerated Cajal body foci, sites of small nucleolar RNA activity, in primary cytotrophoblasts that were isolated from control and severe preeclampsia placentas. In severe preeclampsia, cytotrophoblasts had approximately double the number of these foci as the control samples. CONCLUSION A laser microdissection approach enabled the identification of novel messenger RNAs and non-coding RNAs that were misexpressed by various trophoblast subpopulations in severe preeclampsia. The results suggested new avenues of investigation, in particular, the roles of PRG2, Kell blood group determinants, and urothelial cancer associated 1 in syncytiotrophoblast diseases. Additionally, many of the newly identified dysregulated molecules might have clinical utility as biomarkers of severe preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gormley
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Katherine Ona
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mirhan Kapidzic
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Tamara Garrido-Gomez
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Tamara Zdravkovic
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; The Eli & Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research; and the Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
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24
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Taylor EB. Functional Properties of the Mitochondrial Carrier System. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 27:633-644. [PMID: 28522206 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier system (MCS) transports small molecules between mitochondria and the cytoplasm. It is integral to the core mitochondrial function to regulate cellular chemistry by metabolism. The mammalian MCS comprises the transporters of the 53-member canonical SLC25A family and a lesser number of identified noncanonical transporters. The recent discovery and investigations of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) illustrate the diverse effects a single mitochondrial carrier may exert on cellular function. However, the transport selectivities of many carriers remain unknown, and most have not been functionally investigated in mammalian cells. The mechanisms coordinating their function as a unified system remain undefined. Increased accessibility to molecular genetic and metabolomic technologies now greatly enables investigation of the MCS. Continued investigation of the MCS may reveal how mitochondria encode complex regulatory information within chemical thermodynamic gradients. This understanding may enable precision modulation of cellular chemistry to counteract the dysmetabolism inherent in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry, Fraternal Order of the Eagles Diabetes Center, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Discovery Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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25
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Konstantakou EG, Velentzas AD, Anagnostopoulos AK, Litou ZI, Konstandi OA, Giannopoulou AF, Anastasiadou E, Voutsinas GE, Tsangaris GT, Stravopodis DJ. Deep-proteome mapping of WM-266-4 human metastatic melanoma cells: From oncogenic addiction to druggable targets. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171512. [PMID: 28158294 PMCID: PMC5291375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a malignant tumor of skin melanocytes that are pigment-producing cells located in the basal layer (stratum basale) of epidermis. Accumulation of genetic mutations within their oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes compels melanocytes to aberrant proliferation and spread to distant organs of the body, thereby resulting in severe and/or lethal malignancy. Metastatic melanoma's heavy mutational load, molecular heterogeneity and resistance to therapy necessitate the development of novel biomarkers and drug-based protocols that target key proteins involved in perpetuation of the disease. To this direction, we have herein employed a nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) proteomics technology to profile the deep-proteome landscape of WM-266-4 human metastatic melanoma cells. Our advanced melanoma-specific catalogue proved to contain 6,681 unique proteins, which likely constitute the hitherto largest single cell-line-derived proteomic collection of the disease. Through engagement of UNIPROT, DAVID, KEGG, PANTHER, INTACT, CYTOSCAPE, dbEMT and GAD bioinformatics resources, WM-266-4 melanoma proteins were categorized according to their sub-cellular compartmentalization, function and tumorigenicity, and successfully reassembled in molecular networks and interactomes. The obtained data dictate the presence of plastically inter-converted sub-populations of non-cancer and cancer stem cells, and also indicate the oncoproteomic resemblance of melanoma to glioma and lung cancer. Intriguingly, WM-266-4 cells seem to be subjected to both epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) programs, with 1433G and ADT3 proteins being identified in the EMT/MET molecular interface. Oncogenic addiction of WM-266-4 cells to autocrine/paracrine signaling of IL17-, DLL3-, FGF(2/13)- and OSTP-dependent sub-routines suggests their critical contribution to the metastatic melanoma chemotherapeutic refractoriness. Interestingly, the 1433G family member that is shared between the BRAF- and EMT/MET-specific interactomes likely emerges as a novel and promising druggable target for the malignancy. Derailed proliferation and metastatic capacity of WM-266-4 cells could also derive from their metabolic addiction to pathways associated with glutamate/ammonia, propanoate and sulfur homeostasis, whose successful targeting may prove beneficial for advanced melanoma-affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eumorphia G. Konstantakou
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios D. Velentzas
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios K. Anagnostopoulos
- Proteomics Core Facility, Systems Biology Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi I. Litou
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania A. Konstandi
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini F. Giannopoulou
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ema Anastasiadou
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerassimos E. Voutsinas
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece
| | - George Th. Tsangaris
- Proteomics Core Facility, Systems Biology Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios J. Stravopodis
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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26
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Wright EJ, De Castro KP, Joshi AD, Elferink CJ. Canonical and non-canonical aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathways. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017; 2:87-92. [PMID: 32296737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research on the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) has unveiled its involvement in the toxicity of halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and a myriad of normal physiological processes. The molecular dissection of AhR biology has centered on a canonical signaling pathway in an effort to mechanistically reconcile the diverse pathophysiological effects of exposure to environmental pollutants. As a consequence, we now know that canonical signaling can explain many but not all of the AhR-mediated effects. Here we describe recent findings that point to non-canonical signaling pathways, and focus on a novel AhR interaction with the Krüppel-like Factor 6 protein responsible for previously un-recognized epigenetic changes in the chromatin affecting gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Wright
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0654, USA
| | - Karen Pereira De Castro
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0654, USA
| | - Aditya D Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0654, USA
| | - Cornelis J Elferink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0654, USA
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27
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Moonen RM, Cavallaro G, Huizing MJ, González-Luis GE, Mosca F, Villamor E. Association between the p.Thr1406Asn polymorphism of the carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 gene and necrotizing enterocolitis: A prospective multicenter study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36999. [PMID: 27833157 PMCID: PMC5105130 DOI: 10.1038/srep36999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The p.Thr1406Asn (rs1047891) polymorphism of the carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) gene has been linked to functional consequences affecting the downstream availability of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine. L-arginine concentrations are decreased in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this multicenter prospective study, we investigated the association of the p.Thr1406Asn polymorphism with NEC in 477 preterm infants (36 cases of NEC) from 4 European neonatal intensive care units (Maastricht, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Mantova, and Milan). Allele and genotype frequencies of the p.Thr1406Asn polymorphism did not significantly differ between the infants with and without NEC. In contrast, the minor A-allele was significantly less frequent in the group of 64 infants with the combined outcome NEC or death before 34 weeks of corrected gestational age than in the infants without the outcome (0.20 vs. 0.31, P = 0.03). In addition, a significant negative association of the A-allele with the combined outcome NEC or death was found using the dominant (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.29–0.99) and the additive (aOR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36–0.93) genetic models. In conclusion, our study provides further evidence that a functional variant of the CPS1 gene may contribute to NEC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob M Moonen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zuyderland Medical Center Heerlen, 6130 MB, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, 6202 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Cavallaro
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Maurice J Huizing
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, 6202 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Gema E González-Luis
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016, Spain
| | - Fabio Mosca
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, 6202 AZ, The Netherlands
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28
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Cüre MC, Cüre E, Kalkan Y, Kırbaş A, Tümkaya L, Yılmaz A, Türkyılmaz AK, Şehitoğlu İ, Yüce S. Infliximab Modulates Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Balkan Med J 2016. [PMID: 27761277 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.150576.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (Cis) is one of the most commonly used antineoplastic drugs. It is used as chemotherapy for many solid organ malignancies such as brain, neck, male and female urogenital, vesical and pulmonary cancers. Infliximab blocks tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Several studies have reported that infliximab ameliorates cell damage by reducing cytokine levels. AIMS We aimed to investigate whether infliximab has a preventive effect against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and whether it has a synergistic effect when combined with Cis. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS Male Wistar albino rats were divided in three groups as follows: Cis group, infliximab + Cis (CIN) group and the control group. Each group comprised 10 animals. Animals in the Cis group received an intraperitoneal single-dose injection of Cis (7 mg/kg). In the CIN group, a single dose of infliximab (7 mg/kg) was administered 72 h prior to the Cis injection. After 72 h, a single dose of Cis (7 mg/kg) was administered. All rats were sacrificed five days after Cis injection. RESULTS TNF-α levels in the Cis group were significantly higher (345.5±40.0 pg/mg protein) than those of the control (278.7±62.1 pg/mg protein, p=0.003) and CIN groups (239.0±64.2 pg/mg protein, p=0.013). The Cis group was found to have high carbonic anhydrase (CA)-II and low carbamoyl phosphate synthetase-1 (CPS-1) levels. Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were lower in the CIN group as compared to the Cis group. Total histological damage was greater in the Cis group as compared to the control and CIN groups. CONCLUSION Cis may lead to liver damage by increasing cytokine levels. It may increase oxidative stress-induced tissue damage by increasing carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) enzyme levels and decreasing CPS-1 enzyme levels. Infliximab decreases Cis-induced hepatic damage by blocking TNF-α and it may also protect against liver damage by regulating CPS-1 and CA-II enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Cumhur Cüre
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Erkan Cüre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Yıldıray Kalkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Aynur Kırbaş
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tümkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Arif Yılmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Küçükali Türkyılmaz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Şehitoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Yüce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kumru State Hospital, Rize, Turkey
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29
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Cüre MC, Cüre E, Kalkan Y, Kırbaş A, Tümkaya L, Yılmaz A, Türkyılmaz AK, Şehitoğlu İ, Yüce S. Infliximab Modulates Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Balkan Med J 2016; 33:504-511. [PMID: 27761277 PMCID: PMC5056652 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.150576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (Cis) is one of the most commonly used antineoplastic drugs. It is used as chemotherapy for many solid organ malignancies such as brain, neck, male and female urogenital, vesical and pulmonary cancers. Infliximab blocks tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Several studies have reported that infliximab ameliorates cell damage by reducing cytokine levels. AIMS We aimed to investigate whether infliximab has a preventive effect against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and whether it has a synergistic effect when combined with Cis. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS Male Wistar albino rats were divided in three groups as follows: Cis group, infliximab + Cis (CIN) group and the control group. Each group comprised 10 animals. Animals in the Cis group received an intraperitoneal single-dose injection of Cis (7 mg/kg). In the CIN group, a single dose of infliximab (7 mg/kg) was administered 72 h prior to the Cis injection. After 72 h, a single dose of Cis (7 mg/kg) was administered. All rats were sacrificed five days after Cis injection. RESULTS TNF-α levels in the Cis group were significantly higher (345.5±40.0 pg/mg protein) than those of the control (278.7±62.1 pg/mg protein, p=0.003) and CIN groups (239.0±64.2 pg/mg protein, p=0.013). The Cis group was found to have high carbonic anhydrase (CA)-II and low carbamoyl phosphate synthetase-1 (CPS-1) levels. Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were lower in the CIN group as compared to the Cis group. Total histological damage was greater in the Cis group as compared to the control and CIN groups. CONCLUSION Cis may lead to liver damage by increasing cytokine levels. It may increase oxidative stress-induced tissue damage by increasing carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) enzyme levels and decreasing CPS-1 enzyme levels. Infliximab decreases Cis-induced hepatic damage by blocking TNF-α and it may also protect against liver damage by regulating CPS-1 and CA-II enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Cumhur Cüre
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
- Address for Correspondence: Dr. Medine Cumhur Cüre, Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey, Phone: +90 538 930 05 75, e-mail:
| | - Erkan Cüre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Yıldıray Kalkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Aynur Kırbaş
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tümkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Arif Yılmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Küçükali Türkyılmaz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Şehitoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Yüce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kumru State Hospital, Rize, Turkey
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30
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Koshiba S, Motoike I, Kojima K, Hasegawa T, Shirota M, Saito T, Saigusa D, Danjoh I, Katsuoka F, Ogishima S, Kawai Y, Yamaguchi-Kabata Y, Sakurai M, Hirano S, Nakata J, Motohashi H, Hozawa A, Kuriyama S, Minegishi N, Nagasaki M, Takai-Igarashi T, Fuse N, Kiyomoto H, Sugawara J, Suzuki Y, Kure S, Yaegashi N, Tanabe O, Kinoshita K, Yasuda J, Yamamoto M. The structural origin of metabolic quantitative diversity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31463. [PMID: 27528366 PMCID: PMC4985752 DOI: 10.1038/srep31463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationship between structural variants of enzymes and metabolic phenotypes in human population was investigated based on the association study of metabolite quantitative traits with whole genome sequence data for 512 individuals from a population cohort. We identified five significant associations between metabolites and non-synonymous variants. Four of these non-synonymous variants are located in enzymes involved in metabolic disorders, and structural analyses of these moderate non-synonymous variants demonstrate that they are located in peripheral regions of the catalytic sites or related regulatory domains. In contrast, two individuals with larger changes of metabolite levels were also identified, and these individuals retained rare variants, which caused non-synonymous variants located near the catalytic site. These results are the first demonstrations that variant frequency, structural location, and effect for phenotype correlate with each other in human population, and imply that metabolic individuality and susceptibility for diseases may be elicited from the moderate variants and much more deleterious but rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seizo Koshiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Ikuko Motoike
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3-09, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kaname Kojima
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Takanori Hasegawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Matsuyuki Shirota
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Tomo Saito
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Inaho Danjoh
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Fumiki Katsuoka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Soichi Ogishima
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yumi Yamaguchi-Kabata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Miyuki Sakurai
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Sachiko Hirano
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Junichi Nakata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Naoko Minegishi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masao Nagasaki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.,Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3-09, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Takako Takai-Igarashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Hideyasu Kiyomoto
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yoichi Suzuki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Osamu Tanabe
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Kengo Kinoshita
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3-09, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan.,Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Jun Yasuda
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Tohoku Medical Megabank organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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31
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Ciftci S, Guler A, Deveci E, Celebisoy N, Yuceyar N. A case with hyperammonemic encephalopathy triggered by single dose valproate. Neurol Sci 2016; 37:2017-2018. [PMID: 27436290 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ciftci
- Neurology Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - A Guler
- Neurology Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - E Deveci
- Neurology Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - N Celebisoy
- Neurology Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - N Yuceyar
- Neurology Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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32
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Ali EZ, Khalid MKNM, Yunus ZM, Yakob Y, Chin CB, Abd Latif K, Hock NL. Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency: clinical, biochemical, and molecular characterization in Malaysian patients. Eur J Pediatr 2016; 175:339-46. [PMID: 26440671 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-015-2644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of ureagenesis presenting as life-threatening hyperammonemia. In this study, we present the main clinical features and biochemical and molecular data of six Malaysian patients with CPS1 deficiency. All the patients have neonatal-onset symptoms, initially diagnosed as infections before hyperammonemia was recognized. They have typical biochemical findings of hyperglutaminemia, hypocitrullinemia, and low to normal urinary excretion of orotate. One neonate succumbed to the first hyperammonemic decompensation. Five neonatal survivors received long-term treatment consisting of dietary protein restriction and ammonia-scavenging drugs. They have delayed neurocognitive development of varying severity. Genetic analysis revealed eight mutations in CPS1 gene, five of which were not previously reported. Five mutations were missense changes while another three were predicted to create premature stop codons. In silico analyses showed that these new mutations affected different CPS1 enzyme domains and were predicted to interrupt interactions at enzyme active sites, disturb local enzyme conformation, and destabilize assembly of intact enzyme complex. CONCLUSION All mutations are private except one mutation; p.Ile1254Phe was found in three unrelated families. Identification of a recurrent p.Ile1254Phe mutation suggests the presence of a common and unique mutation in our population. Our study also expands the mutational spectrum of the CPS1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernie Zuraida Ali
- Molecular Diagnostics and Protein Unit, Specialised Diagnostics Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Khairul Nizam Mohd Khalid
- Molecular Diagnostics and Protein Unit, Specialised Diagnostics Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Zabedah Md Yunus
- Biochemistry Unit, Specialised Diagnostics Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yusnita Yakob
- Molecular Diagnostics and Protein Unit, Specialised Diagnostics Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chen Bee Chin
- Medical Genetics Department, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kartikasalwah Abd Latif
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ngu Lock Hock
- Medical Genetics Department, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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33
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Joshi AD, Mustafa MG, Lichti CF, Elferink CJ. Homocitrullination Is a Novel Histone H1 Epigenetic Mark Dependent on Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Recruitment of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthase 1. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:27767-78. [PMID: 26424795 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a regulator of xenobiotic toxicity, is a member of the eukaryotic Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein family of transcription factors. Recent evidence identified a novel AhR DNA recognition sequence called the nonconsensus xenobiotic response element (NC-XRE). AhR binding to the NC-XRE in response to activation by the canonical ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin resulted in concomitant recruitment of carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1 (CPS1) to the NC-XRE. Studies presented here demonstrate that CPS1 is a bona fide nuclear protein involved in homocitrullination (hcit), including a key lysine residue on histone H1 (H1K34hcit). H1K34hcit represents a hitherto unknown epigenetic mark implicated in enhanced gene expression of the peptidylarginine deiminase 2 gene, itself a chromatin-modifying protein. Collectively, our data suggest that AhR activation promotes CPS1 recruitment to DNA enhancer sites in the genome, resulting in a specific enzyme-independent post-translational modification of the linker histone H1 protein (H1K34hcit), pivotal in altering local chromatin structure and transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya D Joshi
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555 and
| | | | - Cheryl F Lichti
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555 and
| | - Cornelis J Elferink
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555 and
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34
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Li YH, Tai WCS, Xue JY, Wong WY, Lu C, Ruan JQ, Li N, Wan TF, Chan WY, Hsiao WLW, Lin G. Proteomic Study of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in Rats. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1715-27. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Li
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Tai
- Centre
of Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun-Yi Xue
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Yan Wong
- Centre
of Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Centre
of Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Institute
of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Qing Ruan
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Na Li
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tai-Fung Wan
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wood-Yee Chan
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Luan Wendy Hsiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ge Lin
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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35
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Pacella-Ince L, Zander-Fox DL, Lane M. Mitochondrial SIRT5 is present in follicular cells and is altered by reduced ovarian reserve and advanced maternal age. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 26:1072-83. [PMID: 23978077 DOI: 10.1071/rd13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with reduced ovarian reserve or advanced maternal age have an altered metabolic follicular microenvironment. As sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) senses cellular metabolic state and post-translationally alters protein function, its activity may directly impact on oocyte viability and pregnancy outcome. Therefore, we investigated the role of SIRT5 in relation to ovarian reserve and maternal age. Women (n=47) undergoing routine IVF treatment were recruited and allocated to one of three cohorts based on ovarian reserve and maternal age. Surplus follicular fluid, granulosa and cumulus cells were collected. SIRT5 mRNA, protein and protein activity was confirmed in granulosa and cumulus cells via qPCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and desuccinylation activity. The presence of carbamoyl phosphate synthase I (CPS1), a target of SIRT5, was investigated by immunohistochemistry and follicular-fluid ammonium concentrations determined via microfluorometry. Women with reduced ovarian reserve or advanced maternal age had decreased SIRT5 mRNA, protein and desuccinylation activity in granulosa and cumulus cells resulting in an accumulation of follicular-fluid ammonium, presumably via alterations in activity of a SIRT5 target, CPS1, which was present in granulosa and cumulus cells. This suggests a role for SIRT5 in influencing oocyte quality and IVF outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Pacella-Ince
- University of Adelaide, Medical School South, Level 3. Frome Rd, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Deirdre L Zander-Fox
- University of Adelaide, Medical School South, Level 3. Frome Rd, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Michelle Lane
- University of Adelaide, Medical School South, Level 3. Frome Rd, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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36
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Nohara K, Shin Y, Park N, Jeong K, He B, Koike N, Yoo SH, Chen Z. Ammonia-lowering activities and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (Cps1) induction mechanism of a natural flavonoid. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2015; 12:23. [PMID: 26075008 PMCID: PMC4465466 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-015-0020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ammonia detoxification is essential for physiological well-being, and the urea cycle in liver plays a predominant role in ammonia disposal. Nobiletin (NOB), a natural dietary flavonoid, is known to exhibit various physiological efficacies. In the current study, we investigated a potential role of NOB in ammonia control and the underlying cellular mechanism. MATERIALS/METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed with regular chow (RC), high-fat (HFD) or high-protein diet (HPD) and treated with either vehicle or NOB. Serum and/or urine levels of ammonia and urea were measured. Liver expression of genes encoding urea cycle enzymes and C/EBP transcription factors was determined over the circadian cycle. Luciferase reporter assays were carried out to investigate function of CCAAT consensus elements on the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (Cps1) gene promoter. A circadian clock-deficient mouse mutant, Clock (Δ19/Δ19) , was utilized to examine a requisite role of the circadian clock in mediating NOB induction of Cps1. RESULTS NOB was able to lower serum ammonia levels in mice fed with RC, HFD or HPD. Compared with RC, HFD repressed the mRNA and protein expression of Cps1, encoding the rate-limiting enzyme of the urea cycle. Interestingly, NOB rescued CPS1 protein levels under the HFD condition via induction of the transcription factors C/EBPα and C/EBPβ. Expression of other urea cycle genes was also decreased by HFD relative to RC and again restored by NOB to varying degrees, which, in conjunction with Cps1 promoter reporter analysis, suggested a C/EBP-dependent mechanism for the co-induction of urea cycle genes by NOB. In comparison, HPD markedly increased CPS1 levels relative to RC, yet NOB did not further enrich CPS1 to a significant extent. Using the circadian mouse mutant Clock (Δ19/Δ19) , we also showed that a functional circadian clock, known to modulate C/EBP and CPS1 expression, was required for NOB induction of CPS1 under the HFD condition. CONCLUSION NOB, a dietary flavonoid, exhibits a broad activity in ammonia control across varying diets, and regulates urea cycle function via C/EBP-and clock-dependent regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Nohara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Youngmin Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Noheon Park
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Kwon Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Baokun He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Nobuya Koike
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 6.200, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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37
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The Study of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase 1 Deficiency Sheds Light on the Mechanism for Switching On/Off the Urea Cycle. J Genet Genomics 2015; 42:249-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Carter WG, Vigneswara V, Newlaczyl A, Wayne D, Ahmed B, Saddington S, Brewer C, Raut N, Gerdes HK, Erdozain AM, Tooth D, Bolt EL, Osna NA, Tuma DJ, Kharbanda KK. Isoaspartate, carbamoyl phosphate synthase-1, and carbonic anhydrase-III as biomarkers of liver injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:626-631. [PMID: 25684186 PMCID: PMC4355035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We had previously shown that alcohol consumption can induce cellular isoaspartate protein damage via an impairment of the activity of protein isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT), an enzyme that triggers repair of isoaspartate protein damage. To further investigate the mechanism of isoaspartate accumulation, hepatocytes cultured from control or 4-week ethanol-fed rats were incubated in vitro with tubercidin or adenosine. Both these agents, known to elevate intracellular S-adenosylhomocysteine levels, increased cellular isoaspartate damage over that recorded following ethanol consumption in vivo. Increased isoaspartate damage was attenuated by treatment with betaine. To characterize isoaspartate-damaged proteins that accumulate after ethanol administration, rat liver cytosolic proteins were methylated using exogenous PIMT and (3)H-S-adenosylmethionine and proteins resolved by gel electrophoresis. Three major protein bands of ∼ 75-80 kDa, ∼ 95-100 kDa, and ∼ 155-160 kDa were identified by autoradiography. Column chromatography used to enrich isoaspartate-damaged proteins indicated that damaged proteins from ethanol-fed rats were similar to those that accrued in the livers of PIMT knockout (KO) mice. Carbamoyl phosphate synthase-1 (CPS-1) was partially purified and identified as the ∼ 160 kDa protein target of PIMT in ethanol-fed rats and in PIMT KO mice. Analysis of the liver proteome of 4-week ethanol-fed rats and PIMT KO mice demonstrated elevated cytosolic CPS-1 and betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase-1 when compared to their respective controls, and a significant reduction of carbonic anhydrase-III (CA-III) evident only in ethanol-fed rats. Ethanol feeding of rats for 8 weeks resulted in a larger (∼ 2.3-fold) increase in CPS-1 levels compared to 4-week ethanol feeding indicating that CPS-1 accumulation correlated with the duration of ethanol consumption. Collectively, our results suggest that elevated isoaspartate and CPS-1, and reduced CA-III levels could serve as biomarkers of hepatocellular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne G Carter
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK.
| | - Vasanthy Vigneswara
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Anna Newlaczyl
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Declan Wayne
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Stephen Saddington
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Charlotte Brewer
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Nikhilesh Raut
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Henry K Gerdes
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Amaia M Erdozain
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Spain
| | - David Tooth
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Edward L Bolt
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Natalie A Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dean J Tuma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Hu L, Diez-Fernandez C, Rüfenacht V, Hismi BÖ, Ünal Ö, Soyucen E, Çoker M, Bayraktar BT, Gunduz M, Kiykim E, Olgac A, Pérez-Tur J, Rubio V, Häberle J. Recurrence of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency in Turkish patients: characterization of a founder mutation by use of recombinant CPS1 from insect cells expression. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 113:267-73. [PMID: 25410056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency due to CPS1 mutations is a rare autosomal-recessive urea cycle disorder causing hyperammonemia that can lead to death or severe neurological impairment. CPS1 catalyzes carbamoyl phosphate formation from ammonia, bicarbonate and two molecules of ATP, and requires the allosteric activator N-acetyl-L-glutamate. Clinical mutations occur in the entire CPS1 coding region, but mainly in single families, with little recurrence. We characterized here the only currently known recurrent CPS1 mutation, p.Val1013del, found in eleven unrelated patients of Turkish descent using recombinant His-tagged wild type or mutant CPS1 expressed in baculovirus/insect cell system. The global CPS1 reaction and the ATPase and ATP synthesis partial reactions that reflect, respectively, the bicarbonate and the carbamate phosphorylation steps, were assayed. We found that CPS1 wild type and V1013del mutant showed comparable expression levels and purity but the mutant CPS1 exhibited no significant residual activities. In the CPS1 structural model, V1013 belongs to a highly hydrophobic β-strand at the middle of the central β-sheet of the A subdomain of the carbamate phosphorylation domain and is close to the predicted carbamate tunnel that links both phosphorylation sites. Haplotype studies suggested that p.Val1013del is a founder mutation. In conclusion, the mutation p.V1013del inactivates CPS1 but does not render the enzyme grossly unstable or insoluble. Recurrence of this particular mutation in Turkish patients is likely due to a founder effect, which is consistent with the frequent consanguinity observed in the affected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Hu
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Diez-Fernandez
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Véronique Rüfenacht
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burcu Öztürk Hismi
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Gaziantep Children's Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ünal
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdogan Soyucen
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disease, Medical School, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Çoker
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disease, Medical School, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bilge Tanyeri Bayraktar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gunduz
- Ankara Cocuk Sagligi ve Hastaliklari, Cocuk Beslenme & Metabolizma Unitesi, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Kiykim
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asburce Olgac
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Gazi University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-ISCIII), Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain; Group 739, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Valencia, Spain
| | - Johannes Häberle
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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40
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Weerasinghe SVW, Jang YJ, Fontana RJ, Omary MB. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase-1 is a rapid turnover biomarker in mouse and human acute liver injury. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G355-64. [PMID: 24924744 PMCID: PMC4121638 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00303.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Several serum markers are used to assess hepatocyte damage, but they have limitations related to etiology specificity and prognostication. Identification of novel hepatocyte-specific biomarkers could provide important prognostic information and better pathogenesis classification. We tested the hypothesis that hepatocyte-selective biomarkers are released after subjecting isolated mouse hepatocytes to Fas-ligand-mediated apoptosis. Proteomic analysis of hepatocyte culture medium identified the mitochondrial matrix protein carbamoyl phosphate synthetase-1 (CPS1) among the most readily detected proteins that are released by apoptotic hepatocytes. CPS1 was also detected in mouse serum upon acute challenge with Fas-ligand or acetaminophen and in hepatocytes upon hypoosmotic stress, independent of hepatocyte caspase activation. Furthermore, CPS1 was observed in sera of mice chronically fed the hepatotoxin 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine. Mouse CPS1 detectability was similar in serum and plasma, and its half-life was 126 ± 9 min. Immune staining showed that CPS1 localized to mouse hepatocytes but not ductal cells. Analysis of a few serum samples from patients with acute liver failure (ALF) due to acetaminophen, Wilson disease, or ischemia showed readily detectable CPS1 that was not observed in several patients with chronic viral hepatitis or in control donors. Notably, CPS1 rapidly decreased to undetectable levels in sera of patients with acetaminophen-related ALF who ultimately recovered, while alanine aminotransferase levels remained elevated. Therefore, CPS1 becomes readily detectable upon hepatocyte apoptotic and necrotic death in culture or in vivo. Its abundance and short serum half-life, compared with alanine aminotransferase, suggest that it may be a useful prognostic biomarker in human and mouse liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujith V. W. Weerasinghe
- 1Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
| | - You-Jin Jang
- 1Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
| | - Robert J. Fontana
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - M. Bishr Omary
- 1Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; ,2Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and ,3VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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41
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Díez-Fernández C, Hu L, Cervera J, Häberle J, Rubio V. Understanding carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS1) deficiency by using the recombinantly purified human enzyme: effects of CPS1 mutations that concentrate in a central domain of unknown function. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 112:123-32. [PMID: 24813853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is an inborn error of the urea cycle that is due to mutations in the CPS1 gene. In the first large repertory of mutations found in CPS1D, a small CPS1 domain of unknown function (called the UFSD) was found to host missense changes with high frequency, despite the fact that this domain does not host substrate-binding or catalytic machinery. We investigate here by in vitro expression studies using baculovirus/insect cells the reasons for the prominence of the UFSD in CPS1D, as well as the disease-causing roles and pathogenic mechanisms of the mutations affecting this domain. All but three of the 18 missense changes found thus far mapping in this domain in CPS1D patients drastically decreased the yield of pure CPS1, mainly because of decreased enzyme solubility, strongly suggesting misfolding as a major determinant of the mutations negative effects. In addition, the majority of the mutations also decreased from modestly to very drastically the specific activity of the fraction of the enzyme that remained soluble and that could be purified, apparently because they decreased V(max). Substantial although not dramatic increases in K(m) values for the substrates or for N-acetyl-L-glutamate were observed for only five mutations. Similarly, important thermal stability decreases were observed for three mutations. The results indicate a disease-causing role for all the mutations, due in most cases to the combined effects of the low enzyme level and the decreased activity. Our data strongly support the value of the present expression system for ascertaining the disease-causing potential of CPS1 mutations, provided that the CPS1 yield is monitored. The observed effects of the mutations have been rationalized on the basis of an existing structural model of CPS1. This model shows that the UFSD, which is in the middle of the 1462-residue multidomain CPS1 protein, plays a key integrating role for creating the CPS1 multidomain architecture leading us to propose here a denomination of "Integrating Domain" for this CPS1 region. The majority of these 18 mutations distort the interaction of this domain with other CPS1 domains, in many cases by causing improper folding of structural elements of the Integrating Domain that play key roles in these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liyan Hu
- University Children's Hospital, Zurich and Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javier Cervera
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia of the CSIC, Valencia, Spain; Group 739 of the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Johannes Häberle
- University Children's Hospital, Zurich and Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia of the CSIC, Valencia, Spain; Group 739 of the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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42
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van Karnebeek CD, Sly WS, Ross CJ, Salvarinova R, Yaplito-Lee J, Santra S, Shyr C, Horvath GA, Eydoux P, Lehman AM, Bernard V, Newlove T, Ukpeh H, Chakrapani A, Preece MA, Ball S, Pitt J, Vallance HD, Coulter-Mackie M, Nguyen H, Zhang LH, Bhavsar AP, Sinclair G, Waheed A, Wasserman WW, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S. Mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency resulting from CA5A alterations presents with hyperammonemia in early childhood. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:453-61. [PMID: 24530203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Four children in three unrelated families (one consanguineous) presented with lethargy, hyperlactatemia, and hyperammonemia of unexplained origin during the neonatal period and early childhood. We identified and validated three different CA5A alterations, including a homozygous missense mutation (c.697T>C) in two siblings, a homozygous splice site mutation (c.555G>A) leading to skipping of exon 4, and a homozygous 4 kb deletion of exon 6. The deleterious nature of the homozygous mutation c.697T>C (p.Ser233Pro) was demonstrated by reduced enzymatic activity and increased temperature sensitivity. Carbonic anhydrase VA (CA-VA) was absent in liver in the child with the homozygous exon 6 deletion. The metabolite profiles in the affected individuals fit CA-VA deficiency, showing evidence of impaired provision of bicarbonate to the four enzymes that participate in key pathways in intermediary metabolism: carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 (urea cycle), pyruvate carboxylase (anaplerosis, gluconeogenesis), propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (branched chain amino acids catabolism). In the three children who were administered carglumic acid, hyperammonemia resolved. CA-VA deficiency should therefore be added to urea cycle defects, organic acidurias, and pyruvate carboxylase deficiency as a treatable condition in the differential diagnosis of hyperammonemia in the neonate and young child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara D van Karnebeek
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - William S Sly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Colin J Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Ramona Salvarinova
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Joy Yaplito-Lee
- Metabolic Genetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Casper Shyr
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Gabriella A Horvath
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Patrice Eydoux
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Anna M Lehman
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Virginie Bernard
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Theresa Newlove
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Psychology, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Henry Ukpeh
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Anupam Chakrapani
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Mary Anne Preece
- Department of Newborn Screening and Biochemical Genetics, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Sarah Ball
- Department of Newborn Screening and Biochemical Genetics, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - James Pitt
- Metabolic Genetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hilary D Vallance
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Marion Coulter-Mackie
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Hien Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Lin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Amit P Bhavsar
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Graham Sinclair
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Abdul Waheed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Sylvia Stockler-Ipsiroglu
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavour in British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
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Milinkovic V, Bankovic J, Rakic M, Stankovic T, Skender-Gazibara M, Ruzdijic S, Tanic N. Identification of novel genetic alterations in samples of malignant glioma patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82108. [PMID: 24358143 PMCID: PMC3864906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant human brain tumor. High level of genomic instability detected in glioma cells implies that numerous genetic alterations accumulate during glioma pathogenesis. We investigated alterations in AP-PCR DNA profiles of 30 glioma patients, and detected specific changes in 11 genes not previously associated with this disease: LHFPL3, SGCG, HTR4, ITGB1, CPS1, PROS1, GP2, KCNG2, PDE4D, KIR3DL3, and INPP5A. Further correlations revealed that 8 genes might play important role in pathogenesis of glial tumors, while changes in GP2, KCNG2 and KIR3DL3 should be considered as passenger mutations, consequence of high level of genomic instability. Identified genes have a significant role in signal transduction or cell adhesion, which are important processes for cancer development and progression. According to our results, LHFPL3 might be characteristic of primary glioblastoma, SGCG, HTR4, ITGB1, CPS1, PROS1 and INPP5A were detected predominantly in anaplastic astrocytoma, suggesting their role in progression of secondary glioblastoma, while alterations of PDE4D seem to have important role in development of both glioblastoma subtypes. Some of the identified genes showed significant association with p53, p16, and EGFR, but there was no significant correlation between loss of PTEN and any of identified genes. In conclusion our study revealed genetic alterations that were not previously associated with glioma pathogenesis and could be potentially used as molecular markers of different glioblastoma subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Milinkovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jasna Bankovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Miodrag Rakic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Tijana Stankovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Milica Skender-Gazibara
- University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Sabera Ruzdijic
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Nikola Tanic
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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Diez-Fernandez C, Martínez AI, Pekkala S, Barcelona B, Pérez-Arellano I, Guadalajara AM, Summar M, Cervera J, Rubio V. Molecular Characterization of Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthetase (CPS1) Deficiency Using Human Recombinant CPS1 as a Key Tool. Hum Mutat 2013; 34:1149-59. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.22349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Diez-Fernandez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC); Valencia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia Spain
| | | | - Satu Pekkala
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia Spain
| | - Belén Barcelona
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC); Valencia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia Spain
- Group 739, CIBERER, ISCIII; Spain
| | - Isabel Pérez-Arellano
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia Spain
- Group 739, CIBERER, ISCIII; Spain
| | | | - Marshall Summar
- Childrens National Medical Center; Washington District of Columbia
| | - Javier Cervera
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC); Valencia Spain
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia Spain
- Group 739, CIBERER, ISCIII; Spain
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC); Valencia Spain
- Group 739, CIBERER, ISCIII; Spain
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Lopes-Marques M, Igrejas G, Amorim A, Azevedo L. Human carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPSI): insights on the structural role of the unknown function domains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:409-12. [PMID: 22521883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) is an ancient protein. In mammals it intervenes in the urea cycle. This enzyme is organized into six domains, three of which have no established role in the mammalian enzyme. Taking advantage of the high degree of conservation between the human and the Escherichia coli homologue a comparative study was carried out in order to infer about the biological role of these less characterized domains. We show that among the residues involved in the maintenance of quaternary structure of the E. coli enzyme, several are highly conserved between human and bacterial enzyme and match the homologous positions of the "unknown function" domains in human enzyme, suggesting they are involved in the structural stability of the human enzyme as they are in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lopes-Marques
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Luo M, Mengos AE, Stubblefield TM, Mandarino LJ. High Fat Diet-Induced Changes in Hepatic Protein Abundance in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:60-66. [PMID: 33907358 PMCID: PMC8074682 DOI: 10.4172/jpb.1000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to identify novel proteins and pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis and complications of NAFLD. C57BL/6J male mice were fed a 60% (HFD) or 10% (LFD) high or low fat diet. HFD induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance (euglycemic clamps, glucose infusion rate: LFD 50.5 ± 6.4 vs. HFD 14.2 ± 9.5 μg/ (g·min); n = 12). Liver proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. Numerous hepatic proteins were altered in abundance after 60% HFD feeding. Nine down-regulated and nine up-regulated proteins were selected from this list for detailed analysis based on the criteria of 1.5-fold difference, consistency across replicates, and having at least 2 spectra assigned. Proteins that decreased in abundance were acyl-coA desaturase-I (SCD-1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L (PKLR), NADP-dependent malic enzyme (ME-1), ATP-citrate synthase (ACL), ketohexokinase (KHK), long-chain-fatty acid-CoA ligase-5 (ACSL-5) and carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-I (CPS-1). Those that increased were KIAA0564, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP-2), liver carboxylesterase-I (CES-1), aminopeptidase N (APN), fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH), major urinary protein 2 (MUP-2) and KIAA0664. KIAA0564 and KIAA0664 proteins are uncharacterized and are novel proteins associated with NAFLD. The decreased abundance of normally highly abundant proteins like FAS and CPS-1 was confirmed by Coomassie Blue staining after bands were identified by MS/MS, and immunoblot analysis confirmed the increased abundance of KIAA0664 after 60% HFD feeding. In conclusion, this study shows NAFLD is characterized by changes in abundance of proteins related to cell injury, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Two novel and uncharacterized proteins, KIAA0564 and KIAA0664, may provide insight into the pathogenesis of NAFLD induced by lipid oversupply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moulun Luo
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - April E Mengos
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Tianna M Stubblefield
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Lawrence J Mandarino
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
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Funghini S, Thusberg J, Spada M, Gasperini S, Parini R, Ventura L, Meli C, De Cosmo L, Sibilio M, Mooney SD, Guerrini R, Donati MA, Morrone A. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency in Italy: clinical and genetic findings in a heterogeneous cohort. Gene 2011; 493:228-34. [PMID: 22173106 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder, potentially leading to lethal hyperammonemia. Based on the age of onset, there are two distinct phenotypes: neonatal and late form. The CPS1 enzyme, located in the mitochondrial matrix of hepatocytes and epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa, is encoded by the CPS1 gene. At present more than 220 clear-cut genetic lesions leading to CPS1D have been reported. As most of them are private mutations diagnosis is complicated. Here we report an overview of the main clinical findings and biochemical and molecular data of 13 CPS1D Italian patients. In two of them, one with the neonatal form and one with the late form, cadaveric auxiliary liver transplant was performed. Mutation analysis in these patients identified 17 genetic lesions, 9 of which were new confirming their "private" nature. Seven of the newly identified mutations were missense/nonsense changes. In order to study their protein level effects, we performed an in silico analysis whose results indicate that the amino acid substitutions occur at evolutionary conserved positions and affect residues necessary for enzyme stability or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Funghini
- Metabolic and Muscular Unit, Clinic of Paediatric Neurology, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Bates TR, Lewis BD, Burnett JR, So K, Mitchell A, Delriviere L, Jeffrey GP. Late-onset carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency in an adult cured by liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2011; 17:1481-4. [PMID: 21837743 DOI: 10.1002/lt.22407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) are rare causes of hyperammonemic encephalopathy in adults. Most UCDs present in childhood and, if unrecognized, are rapidly fatal. Affected individuals who survive to adulthood may remain undiagnosed because of clinicians' unawareness of the condition or atypical presentations. We describe the case of a 49-year-old man who initially presented with a stroke and developed hyperammonemic encephalopathy over a period of 8 months. A diagnosis of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase type 1 deficiency was made, and the patient was referred for liver transplantation. One year after liver transplantation, the patient had normal plasma ammonia concentrations and had returned to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Bates
- Department of Internal Medicine, Swan District Hospital, Middle Swan, Western Australia, Australia.
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