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Lucinian YA, Martineau P, Abikhzer G, Harel F, Pelletier-Galarneau M. Novel tracers to assess myocardial inflammation with radionuclide imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2024:102012. [PMID: 39069249 DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2024.102012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of various cardiac diseases. While FDG-PET is currently the primary method for molecular imaging of myocardial inflammation, its effectiveness is hindered by physiological myocardial uptake as well as its propensity for uptake by multiple disease-specific mechanisms. Novel radiotracers targeting diverse inflammatory immune cells and molecular pathways may provide unique insight through the visualization of underlying mechanisms central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiac diseases, offering opportunities for increased understanding of immunocardiology. Moreover, the potentially enhanced specificity may lead to better quantification of disease activity, aiding in the guidance and monitoring of immunomodulatory therapy. This review aims to provide an update on advancements in non-FDG radiotracers for imaging myocardial inflammatory diseases, with a focus on cardiac sarcoidosis, myocarditis, and acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gad Abikhzer
- Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Dietz M, Kamani CH, Bousige C, Dunet V, Delage J, Rubimbura V, Nicod Lalonde M, Treglia G, Schaefer N, Nammas W, Saraste A, Knuuti J, Mewton N, Prior JO. Natural History of Myocardial α vβ 3 Integrin Expression After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Correlation with Changes in Myocardial Blood Flow. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:1107-1112. [PMID: 38724280 PMCID: PMC11218729 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential part of the cardiac repair process after myocardial infarction, but its spatiotemporal dynamics remain to be fully deciphered.68Ga-NODAGA-Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) is a PET tracer targeting αvβ3 integrin expression, which is a marker of angiogenesis. Methods: In this prospective single-center trial, we aimed to monitor angiogenesis through myocardial integrin αvβ3 expression in 20 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In addition, the correlations between the expression levels of myocardial αvβ3 integrin and the subsequent changes in 82Rb PET/CT parameters, including rest and stress myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial flow reserve (MFR), and wall motion abnormalities, were assessed. The patients underwent 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT and rest and stress 82Rb-PET/CT at 1 wk, 1 mo, and 3 mo after STEMI. To assess 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD uptake, the summed rest 82Rb and 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD images were coregistered, and segmental SUVs were calculated (RGD SUV). Results: At 1 wk after STEMI, 19 participants (95%) presented increased 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD uptake in the infarcted myocardium. Seventeen participants completed the full imaging series. The values of the RGD SUV in the infarcted myocardium were stable 1 mo after STEMI (1 wk vs. 1 mo, 1.47 g/mL [interquartile range (IQR), 1.37-1.64 g/mL] vs. 1.47 g/mL [IQR, 1.30-1.66 g/mL]; P = 0.9), followed by a significant partial decrease at 3 mo (1.32 g/mL [IQR, 1.12-1.71 g/mL]; P = 0.011 vs. 1 wk and 0.018 vs. 1 mo). In segment-based analysis, positive correlations were found between RGD SUV at 1 wk and the subsequent changes in stress MBF (Spearman ρ: r = 0.17, P = 0.0033) and MFR (Spearman ρ: r = 0.31, P < 0.0001) at 1 mo. A negative correlation was found between RGD SUV at 1 wk and the subsequent changes in wall motion abnormalities at 3 mo (Spearman ρ: r = -0.12, P = 0.035). Conclusion: The present study found that αvβ3 integrin expression is significantly increased in the infarcted myocardium 1 wk after STEMI. This expression remains stable after 1 mo and partially decreases after 3 mo. Initial αvβ3 integrin expression at 1 wk is significantly weakly correlated with subsequent improvements in stress MBF, MFR, and wall motion analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Dietz
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut de Cardiologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory INSERM 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christel H Kamani
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Colin Bousige
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Dunet
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Delage
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Rubimbura
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Ensemble Hospitalier de la Côte, Morges, Switzerland
| | - Marie Nicod Lalonde
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Schaefer
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wail Nammas
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; and
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Saraste
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; and
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Nathan Mewton
- Institut de Cardiologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory INSERM 1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - John O Prior
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland;
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Smith B, Li Y, Fields T, Tucker M, Staskiewicz A, Wong E, Ma H, Mao H, Wang X. Tumor integrin targeted theranostic iron oxide nanoparticles for delivery of caffeic acid phenethyl ester: preparation, characterization, and anti-myeloma activities. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1325196. [PMID: 38510655 PMCID: PMC10952826 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1325196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells preferentially in the bone marrow. Currently, emerging chemotherapy drugs with improved biosafety profiles, such as immunomodulatory agents and protease inhibitors, have been used in clinics to treat MM in both initial therapy or maintenance therapy post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We previously discovered that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a water-insoluble natural compound, inhibited the growth of MM cells by inducing oxidative stress. As part of our continuous effort to pursue a less toxic yet more effective therapeutic approach for MM, the objective of this study is to investigate the potential of CAPE for in vivo applications by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-capable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) as carriers. Cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) (RGD) is conjugated to IONP (RGD-IONP/CAPE) to target the overexpressed αvβ3 integrin on MM cells for receptor-mediated internalization and intracellular delivery of CAPE. A stable loading of CAPE on IONP can be achieved with a loading efficiency of 48.7% ± 3.3% (wt%). The drug-release studies indicate RGD-IONP/CAPE is stable at physiological (pH 7.4) and basic pH (pH 9.5) and subject to release of CAPE at acidic pH (pH 5.5) mimicking the tumor and lysosomal condition. RGD-IONP/CAPE causes cytotoxicity specific to human MM RPMI8226, U266, and NCI-H929 cells, but not to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with IC50s of 7.97 ± 1.39, 16.75 ± 1.62, and 24.38 ± 1.71 μM after 72-h treatment, respectively. Apoptosis assays indicate RGD-IONP/CAPE induces apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells through a caspase-9 mediated intrinsic pathway, the same as applying CAPE alone. The apoptogenic effect of RGD-IONP/CAPE was also confirmed on the RPMI8226 cells co-cultured with human bone marrow stromal cells HS-5 in a Transwell model to mimic the MM microenvironment in the bone marrow. In conclusion, we demonstrate that water-insoluble CAPE can be loaded to RGD-IONP to greatly improve the biocompatibility and significantly inhibit the growth of MM cells in vitro through the induction of apoptosis. This study paves the way for investigating the MRI-trackable delivery of CAPE for MM treatment in animal models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barkley Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Yuancheng Li
- 5M Biomed, Limited Liability Company, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Travis Fields
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Michael Tucker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Anna Staskiewicz
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Erica Wong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Handong Ma
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine–Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, United States
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Skinder N, Sanz Fernández I, Dethmers-Ausema A, Weersing E, de Haan G. CD61 identifies a superior population of aged murine HSCs and is required to preserve quiescence and self-renewal. Blood Adv 2024; 8:99-111. [PMID: 37939263 PMCID: PMC10787248 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aging leads to a decline in function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and increases susceptibility to hematological disease. We found CD61 to be highly expressed in aged murine HSCs. Here, we investigate the role of CD61 in identifying distinct subpopulations of aged HSCs and assess how expression of CD61 affects stem cell function. We show that HSCs with high expression of CD61 are functionality superior and retain self-renewal capacity in serial transplantations. In primary transplantations, aged CD61High HSCs function similarly to young HSCs. CD61High HSCs are more quiescent than their CD61Low counterparts. We also show that in aged bone marrow, CD61High and CD61Low HSCs are transcriptomically distinct populations. Collectively, our research identifies CD61 as a key player in maintaining stem cell quiescence, ensuring the preservation of their functional integrity and potential during aging. Moreover, CD61 emerges as a marker to prospectively isolate a superior, highly dormant population of young and aged HSCs, making it a valuable tool both in fundamental and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skinder
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Sanz Fernández
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertien Dethmers-Ausema
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Weersing
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerald de Haan
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Bengel FM, Diekmann J, Hess A, Jerosch-Herold M. Myocardial Fibrosis: Emerging Target for Cardiac Molecular Imaging and Opportunity for Image-Guided Therapy. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:49S-58S. [PMID: 37918842 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a major contributor to the development and progression of heart failure. Significant progress in the understanding of its pathobiology has led to the introduction and preclinical testing of multiple highly specific antifibrotic therapies. Because the mechanisms of fibrosis are highly dynamic, and because the involved cell populations are heterogeneous and plastic, there is increasing emphasis that any therapy directed specifically against myocardial fibrosis will require personalization and guidance by equally specific diagnostic testing for successful clinical translation. Noninvasive imaging techniques have undergone significant progress and provide increasingly specific information about the quantity, quality, and activity of myocardial fibrosis. Cardiac MRI can precisely map the extracellular space of the myocardium, whereas nuclear imaging characterizes activated fibroblasts and immune cells as the cellular components contributing to fibrosis. Existing techniques may be used in complementarity to provide the imaging biomarkers needed for the success of novel targeted therapies. This review provides a road map on how progress in basic fibrosis research, antifibrotic drug development, and high-end noninvasive imaging may come together to facilitate the success of fibrosis-directed cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Johanna Diekmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Annika Hess
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
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Dergunov AD, Nosova EV, Rozhkova AV, Vinogradina MA, Baserova VB, Popov MA, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Differential Expression of Subsets of Genes Related to HDL Metabolism and Atherogenesis in the Peripheral Blood in Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6823-6841. [PMID: 37623250 PMCID: PMC10452992 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of genes (DEGs) in coronary artery disease (CAD) and the association between transcript level and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were studied with 76 male patients with CAD and 63 control patients. The transcript level of genes related to HDL metabolism (24 genes) and atherosclerosis-prone (41 genes) in RNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Twenty-eight DEGs were identified. The expression of cholesterol transporters, ALB, APOA1, and LCAT was down-regulated, while the expression of AMN, APOE, LDLR, LPL, PLTP, PRKACA, and CETP was up-regulated. The systemic inflammation in CAD is evidenced by the up-regulation of IL1B, TLR8, CXCL5, and TNFRSF1A. For the controls, TLR8 and SOAT1 were negative predictors of the HDL-C level. For CAD patients, PRKACG, PRKCQ, and SREBF1 were positive predictors, while PRKACB, LCAT, and S100A8 were negative predictors. For CAD patients, the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport is 73-79%, and intracellular free cholesterol seems to accumulate at hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Both atheroprotective (via S100A8) and proatherogenic (via SREBF1, LCAT, PRKACG, PRKACB, and PRKCQ) associations of gene expression with HDL-C determine HDL functionality in CAD patients. The selected key genes and involved pathways may represent HDL-specific targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CAD and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D. Dergunov
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky Street 10, Moscow 101990, Russia;
| | - Elena V. Nosova
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.V.N.); (A.V.R.); (M.A.V.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Alexandra V. Rozhkova
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.V.N.); (A.V.R.); (M.A.V.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Margarita A. Vinogradina
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.V.N.); (A.V.R.); (M.A.V.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Veronika B. Baserova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky Street 10, Moscow 101990, Russia;
| | - Mikhail A. Popov
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute MONIKI, Moscow 129110, Russia;
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.V.N.); (A.V.R.); (M.A.V.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Liudmila V. Dergunova
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (E.V.N.); (A.V.R.); (M.A.V.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
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7
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Cui K, Gao X, Wang B, Wu H, Arulsamy K, Dong Y, Xiao Y, Jiang X, Malovichko MV, Li K, Peng Q, Lu YW, Zhu B, Zheng R, Wong S, Cowan DB, Linton M, Srivastava S, Shi J, Chen K, Chen H. Epsin Nanotherapy Regulates Cholesterol Transport to Fortify Atheroma Regression. Circ Res 2023; 132:e22-e42. [PMID: 36444722 PMCID: PMC9822875 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess cholesterol accumulation in lesional macrophages elicits complex responses in atherosclerosis. Epsins, a family of endocytic adaptors, fuel the progression of atherosclerosis; however, the underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential of targeting Epsins remains unknown. In this study, we determined the role of Epsins in macrophage-mediated metabolic regulation. We then developed an innovative method to therapeutically target macrophage Epsins with specially designed S2P-conjugated lipid nanoparticles, which encapsulate small-interfering RNAs to suppress Epsins. METHODS We used single-cell RNA sequencing with our newly developed algorithm MEBOCOST (Metabolite-mediated Cell Communication Modeling by Single Cell Transcriptome) to study cell-cell communications mediated by metabolites from sender cells and sensor proteins on receiver cells. Biomedical, cellular, and molecular approaches were utilized to investigate the role of macrophage Epsins in regulating lipid metabolism and transport. We performed this study using myeloid-specific Epsin double knockout (LysM-DKO) mice and mice with a genetic reduction of ABCG1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1; LysM-DKO-ABCG1fl/+). The nanoparticles targeting lesional macrophages were developed to encapsulate interfering RNAs to treat atherosclerosis. RESULTS We revealed that Epsins regulate lipid metabolism and transport in atherosclerotic macrophages. Inhibiting Epsins by nanotherapy halts inflammation and accelerates atheroma resolution. Harnessing lesional macrophage-specific nanoparticle delivery of Epsin small-interfering RNAs, we showed that silencing of macrophage Epsins diminished atherosclerotic plaque size and promoted plaque regression. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Epsins bound to CD36 to facilitate lipid uptake by enhancing CD36 endocytosis and recycling. Conversely, Epsins promoted ABCG1 degradation via lysosomes and hampered ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport. In a LysM-DKO-ABCG1fl/+ mouse model, enhanced cholesterol efflux and reverse transport due to Epsin deficiency was suppressed by the reduction of ABCG1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that targeting Epsins in lesional macrophages may offer therapeutic benefits for advanced atherosclerosis by reducing CD36-mediated lipid uptake and increasing ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xinlei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Beibei Wang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kulandaisamy Arulsamy
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xingya Jiang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marina V. Malovichko
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Kathryn Li
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Qianman Peng
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yao Wei Lu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rongbin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Scott Wong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Douglas B. Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - MacRae Linton
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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8
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Pang X, He X, Qiu Z, Zhang H, Xie R, Liu Z, Gu Y, Zhao N, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Targeting integrin pathways: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:1. [PMID: 36588107 PMCID: PMC9805914 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 146.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are considered the main cell-adhesion transmembrane receptors that play multifaceted roles as extracellular matrix (ECM)-cytoskeletal linkers and transducers in biochemical and mechanical signals between cells and their environment in a wide range of states in health and diseases. Integrin functions are dependable on a delicate balance between active and inactive status via multiple mechanisms, including protein-protein interactions, conformational changes, and trafficking. Due to their exposure on the cell surface and sensitivity to the molecular blockade, integrins have been investigated as pharmacological targets for nearly 40 years, but given the complexity of integrins and sometimes opposite characteristics, targeting integrin therapeutics has been a challenge. To date, only seven drugs targeting integrins have been successfully marketed, including abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban, natalizumab, vedolizumab, lifitegrast, and carotegrast. Currently, there are approximately 90 kinds of integrin-based therapeutic drugs or imaging agents in clinical studies, including small molecules, antibodies, synthetic mimic peptides, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, imaging agents, etc. A serious lesson from past integrin drug discovery and research efforts is that successes rely on both a deep understanding of integrin-regulatory mechanisms and unmet clinical needs. Herein, we provide a systematic and complete review of all integrin family members and integrin-mediated downstream signal transduction to highlight ongoing efforts to develop new therapies/diagnoses from bench to clinic. In addition, we further discuss the trend of drug development, how to improve the success rate of clinical trials targeting integrin therapies, and the key points for clinical research, basic research, and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Xu He
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Qiu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xie
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yanlun Gu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
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9
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Hindy G, Tyrrell DJ, Vasbinder A, Wei C, Presswalla F, Wang H, Blakely P, Ozel AB, Graham S, Holton GH, Dowsett J, Fahed AC, Amadi KM, Erne GK, Tekmulla A, Ismail A, Launius C, Sotoodehnia N, Pankow JS, Thørner LW, Erikstrup C, Pedersen OB, Banasik K, Brunak S, Ullum H, Eugen-Olsen J, Ostrowski SR, Haas ME, Nielsen JB, Lotta LA, Engström G, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Zhao L, Murthy VL, Pinsky DJ, Willer CJ, Heckbert SR, Reiser J, Goldstein DR, Desch KC, Hayek SS. Increased soluble urokinase plasminogen activator levels modulate monocyte function to promote atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e158788. [PMID: 36194491 PMCID: PMC9754000 DOI: 10.1172/jci158788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
People with kidney disease are disproportionately affected by atherosclerosis for unclear reasons. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an immune-derived mediator of kidney disease, levels of which are strongly associated with cardiovascular outcomes. We assessed suPAR's pathogenic involvement in atherosclerosis using epidemiologic, genetic, and experimental approaches. We found serum suPAR levels to be predictive of coronary artery calcification and cardiovascular events in 5,406 participants without known coronary disease. In a genome-wide association meta-analysis including over 25,000 individuals, we identified a missense variant in the plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR) gene (rs4760), confirmed experimentally to lead to higher suPAR levels. Mendelian randomization analysis in the UK Biobank using rs4760 indicated a causal association between genetically predicted suPAR levels and atherosclerotic phenotypes. In an experimental model of atherosclerosis, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-9 (Pcsk9) transfection in mice overexpressing suPAR (suPARTg) led to substantially increased atherosclerotic plaques with necrotic cores and macrophage infiltration compared with those in WT mice, despite similar cholesterol levels. Prior to induction of atherosclerosis, aortas of suPARTg mice excreted higher levels of CCL2 and had higher monocyte counts compared with WT aortas. Aortic and circulating suPARTg monocytes exhibited a proinflammatory profile and enhanced chemotaxis. These findings characterize suPAR as a pathogenic factor for atherosclerosis acting at least partially through modulation of monocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hindy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University College of Medicine, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel J. Tyrrell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexi Vasbinder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Changli Wei
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Feriel Presswalla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pennelope Blakely
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sarah Graham
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Grace H. Holton
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joseph Dowsett
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Akl C. Fahed
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kingsley-Michael Amadi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Grace K. Erne
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Annika Tekmulla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anis Ismail
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Launius
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lise Wegner Thørner
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mary E. Haas
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Jonas B. Nielsen
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Luca A. Lotta
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Venkatesh L. Murthy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David J. Pinsky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel R. Goldstein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Karl C. Desch
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Salim S. Hayek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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10
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Li L, Chen X, Yu J, Yuan S. Preliminary Clinical Application of RGD-Containing Peptides as PET Radiotracers for Imaging Tumors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837952. [PMID: 35311120 PMCID: PMC8924613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a common feature of many physiological processes and pathological conditions. RGD-containing peptides can strongly bind to integrin αvβ3 expressed on endothelial cells in neovessels and several tumor cells with high specificity, making them promising molecular agents for imaging angiogenesis. Although studies of RGD-containing peptides combined with radionuclides, namely, 18F, 64Cu, and 68Ga for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have shown high spatial resolution and accurate quantification of tracer uptake, only a few of these radiotracers have been successfully translated into clinical use. This review summarizes the RGD-based tracers in terms of accumulation in tumors and adjacent tissues, and comparison with traditional 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging. The value of RGD-based tracers for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, tumor subvolume delineation, and therapeutic response prediction is mainly discussed. Very low RGD accumulation, in contrast to high FDG metabolism, was found in normal brain tissue, indicating that RGD-based imaging provides an excellent tumor-to-background ratio for improved brain tumor imaging. However, the intensity of the RGD-based tracers is much higher than FDG in normal liver tissue, which could lead to underestimation of primary or metastatic lesions in liver. In multiple studies, RGD-based imaging successfully realized the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of solid tumors and also the prediction of chemoradiotherapy response, providing complementary rather than similar information relative to FDG imaging. Of most interest, baseline RGD uptake values can not only be used to predict the tumor efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy, but also to monitor the occurrence of adverse events in normal organs. This unique dual predictive value in antiangiogenic therapy may be better than that of FDG-based imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuanghu Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Nuclear Molecular Imaging of Cardiac Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020183. [PMID: 35215296 PMCID: PMC8875369 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of molecular imaging technologies in detecting, evaluating, and monitoring cardiovascular disease and their treatment is expanding rapidly. Gradually replacing the conventional anatomical or physiological approaches, molecular imaging strategies using biologically targeted markers provide unique insight into pathobiological processes at molecular and cellular levels and allow for cardiovascular disease evaluation and individualized therapy. This review paper will discuss currently available and developing molecular-based single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging strategies to evaluate post-infarction cardiac remodeling. These approaches include potential targeted methods of evaluating critical biological processes, such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and scar formation.
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12
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Jahandideh A, Ståhle M, Virta J, Li XG, Liljenbäck H, Moisio O, Knuuti J, Roivainen A, Saraste A. Evaluation of [ 68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD for PET Imaging of Rat Autoimmune Myocarditis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:783596. [PMID: 34977085 PMCID: PMC8714834 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The 68Gallium-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1-glutaric acid-4,7-diacetic acid conjugated radiolabelled arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide ([68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD) is a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer binding to cell surface receptor αvβ3 integrin that is upregulated during angiogenesis and inflammation. We studied whether αvβ3 targeting PET imaging can detect myocardial inflammation in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis. To induce myocarditis, rats (n = 8) were immunized with porcine cardiac myosin in complete Freund's adjuvant on days 0 and 7. Control rats (n = 8) received Freund's adjuvant alone. On day 21, in vivo PET/CT imaging with [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD followed by ex vivo autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were carried out. Inflammatory lesions were detected histologically in the myocardium of 7 out of 8 immunized rats. In vivo PET images showed higher [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD accumulation in the myocardium of rats with inflammation than the non-inflamed myocardium of control rats (SUVmean 0.4 ± 0.1 vs. 0.1 ± 0.02; P = 0.00006). Ex vivo autoradiography and histology confirmed that [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD uptake co-localized with inflammatory lesions containing αvβ3 integrin-positive capillary-like structures. A non-specific [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-(RGE)2 tracer showed 76% lower uptake than [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD in the inflamed myocardium. Our results indicate that αvβ3 integrin-targeting [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-RGD is a potential PET tracer for the specific detection of active inflammatory lesions in autoimmune myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia Ståhle
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Virta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Moisio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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13
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Elshalofy A, Wagener K, Weber K, Blanco M, Bauersachs S, Bollwein H. Identification of genes associated with susceptibility to persistent breeding-induced endometritis by RNA-sequencing of uterine cytobrush samples. Reprod Biol 2021; 22:100577. [PMID: 34883452 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the susceptibility to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE). Cytobrush samples were collected from 81 broodmares 1-3 days before artificial insemination (AI). Susceptibility to PBIE was evaluated by the presence of ≥ 2 cm of intrauterine fluid 24 h after AI, besides the fertility was determined by a sonographic pregnancy diagnosis 2 weeks after ovulation. RNA expressions were compared between susceptible non-pregnant (SNP) mares (n=9) and resistant pregnant (RP) mares (n=9) as well as between susceptible pregnant (SP) mares (n=9) and susceptible non-pregnant (SNP) mares. 66 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between SNP and RP mares and 60 DEGs between SP and SNP mares. In SNP compared to RP mares, transcript levels of genes regulating steroid hormone metabolism and neutrophil chemotaxis were lower, while higher for genes participating in uterine inflammation.Transcripts of genes related to extracellular matrix degradation, tissue adhesions, and fibrosis were lower in SP mares than in SNP mares, while higher for genes related to uterine cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis in SP mares than SNP mares. In conclusion, increased transcript levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and roundabout 2 (ROBO2), cluster domain 44 (CD44), integrin beta 3 (ITGB3), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are possible biomarkers for susceptibility to PBIE. While higher expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), kinase domain receptor (KDR), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 16, collagen type V alpha 2 (COL5A2) and fibronectin (FN1) are suggested indicators of fertility in susceptible mares if they receive proper breeding management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elshalofy
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Karen Wagener
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Weber
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Bauersachs
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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14
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Feasibility of 125I-RGD uptake as a marker of angiogenesis after myocardial infarction. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 36:235-243. [PMID: 34837162 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-021-01695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiogenesis is an important process facilitating the healing process after myocardial infarction. 125I-RGD imaging may be a promising candidate to image angiogenesis but may also detect inflammation. METHODS Left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by reperfusion in a rat model (n = 31). One, 3, 7 and 14 days, 1 and 2 months later, Triple-tracer autoradiography was performed. 125I-RGD (1.5 MBq) and 201Tl (15 MBq) were injected at 80 and 10 min before sacrifice. Left coronary artery was reoccluded and 99mTc-MIBI (150-180 MBq) was injected 1 min before sacrifice to verify the area at risk. Angiogenesis and macrophage infiltration were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis with anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin and anti-CD68, respectively. RESULTS 125I-RGD uptake ratio in the area at risk was weak at day 3 (1.23 ± 0.23 but increased markedly and peaked at day 7 (2.27 ± 0.37) followed by a gradual reduction until 1 and 2 months later (1.93 ± 0.16 at 1 month, 1.58 ± 0.15 at 2 month). In the immunohistochemical analysis, copious staining of anti-CD68 cells was observed, with anti-SMA cells stained only minimally at day 3. The number of anti-CD68 cells was decreased significantly at day 7 but largely absent at 1 month. Anti-SMA positive cells peaked at day 7 and reduced gradually until 1 month. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial 125I-RGD uptake reflects angiogenesis rather than inflammation after myocardial infarction.
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15
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Lin X, Sun Y, Yang S, Yu M, Pan L, Yang J, Yang J, Shao Q, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Wang Z. Omentin-1 Modulates Macrophage Function via Integrin Receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5 and Reverses Plaque Vulnerability in Animal Models of Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:757926. [PMID: 34796216 PMCID: PMC8593239 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.757926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Omentin-1 is a novel cytokine that is primarily released by the epicardial adipose tissue. Molecular structure analysis revealed that it contained a fibrinogen-like domain. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the expression of omentin-1 is tightly associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases, but the receptor by which omentin-1 modulates macrophage function has not been identified yet. Objective: This study sought to investigate the effect of omentin-1 on already-established atherosclerosis (AS) lesions in both ApoE-/- and Ldlr-/- mice and further, study its underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results: We investigated the effect of omentin-1 on the plaque phenotype by implanting a minipump in ApoE-/- and Ldlr-/- mice. In vivo studies showed that the infusion of omentin-1 increased the collagen content and mitigated the formation of the necrotic core in both animal models. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that omentin-1 suppressed inflammatory cytokines expression, macrophage infiltration, and apoptosis within the plaque. An immunoprecipitation experiment and confocal microscopy analysis confirmed the binding of omentin-1 to the integrin receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5. The cell studies demonstrated that omentin-1 suppressed the apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression induced by the oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the macrophage. In addition, omentin-1 promoted the phosphorylation of the integrin-relevant signaling pathway as well as the Akt and AMPK in the macrophage. The addition of the inhibitor of the integrin receptor or interfering with the expression of the integrin subunit αv (ITGAV) both significantly abrogated the bioeffects induced by omentin-1. A flow cytometry analysis indicated that the antibodies against αvβ3 and αvβ5 had a competitive effect on the omentin-1 binding to the cell membrane. Conclusions: The administration of adipokine omentin-1 can inhibit the necrotic cores formation and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression within the AS lesion. The mechanisms may include the suppression of apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the macrophage by binding to the integrin receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyu Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
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16
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Integrin αv and Vitronectin Prime Macrophage-Related Inflammation and Contribute the Development of Dry Eye Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168410. [PMID: 34445121 PMCID: PMC8395123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell signaling mediated by the αv integrin plays a pivotal role in macrophage activation in various inflammatory processes, but its involvement in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease (DED) remains unclear. In a murine model of DED, we found increased αv integrin expression in ocular surface macrophages. The αv integrins inhibitor c(RGDfK) ameliorated the corneal damage caused by DED, suggesting a pathogenic role for αv integrin. Because tear hyperosmolarity induces ocular inflammation in DED, a hyperosmolar culture of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) is used to reproduce inflammation in vitro. However, the expression of proinflammatory cytokine mRNA was minimal, even though αv integrin was induced. In searching for components that are involved in αv integrin-mediated inflammation but that are missing from the culture model, we showed that the levels of vitronectin (VTN), a binding ligand of αv integrins, were increased in the tear fluid and conjunctival stroma of DED animals. The addition of VTN prominently enhanced hyperosmolarity-induced inflammation in BMDMs. Mechanistically, we showed that VTN/αv integrins mediated NF-κB activation to induce inflammatory gene expression in the BMDMs. Our findings indicate that interaction the of VTN with αv integrins is a crucial step in the inflammatory process in DED and suggests a novel therapeutic target.
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17
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Chidambaram V, Ruelas Castillo J, Kumar A, Wei J, Wang S, Majella MG, Gupte A, Wang JY, Karakousis PC. The association of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and statin use with inflammation and treatment outcomes in tuberculosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15283. [PMID: 34315941 PMCID: PMC8316554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have a close epidemiological and pathogenetic overlap. Thus, it becomes essential to understand the relationship between ASCVD and TB outcomes. From our retrospective cohort on drug-susceptible TB patients at the National Taiwan University Hospital, we assessed the association of pre-existing ASCVD (coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherothrombotic stroke (ATS)) with 9-month all-cause and infection-related mortality and the extent of mediation by systemic inflammatory markers. We determined the effect of pre-existing ASCVD on 2-month sputum microbiological status. Among ASCVD patients, we assessed the association of statin use on mortality. Nine-month all-cause mortality was higher in CAD patients with prior acute myocardial infarction (CAD+AMI+) (adjusted HR 2.01, 95%CI 1.38–3.00) and ATS patients (aHR 2.79, 95%CI 1.92–4.07) and similarly, for infection-related mortality was higher in CAD+AMI+ (aHR 1.95, 95%CI 1.17–3.24) and ATS (aHR 2.04, 95%CI 1.19–3.46) after adjusting for confounding factors. Pre-existing CAD (AMI- or AMI+) or ATS did not change sputum culture conversion or sputum smear AFB positivity at 2 months. The CAD+AMI+ group had significantly higher levels of CRP at TB diagnosis in the multivariable linear regression analysis (Adjusted B(SE) 1.24(0.62)). CRP mediated 66% (P = 0.048) and 25% (P = 0.033) of the association all-cause mortality with CAD+AMI− and CAD+AMI+, respectively. In summary, patients with ASCVD have higher hazards of 9-month all-cause and infection-related mortality, with elevated serum inflammation mediating one to three-quarters of this association when adjusted for confounders. Statin use was associated with lower all-cause mortality among patients with ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Chidambaram
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jennie Ruelas Castillo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Amudha Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Justin Wei
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Siqing Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Marie Gilbert Majella
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Akshay Gupte
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Petros C Karakousis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Koch Cancer Research Building, 1550 Orleans St., Room 110, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Current therapeutic strategies to mitigate heart failure progression after myocardial infarction involve support of endogenous repair through molecular targets. The capacity for repair varies greatly between individuals. In this review, we will assess how cardiac PET/CT enables precise characterization of early pathogenetic processes which govern ventricle remodeling and progression to heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammation in the first days after myocardial infarction predicts subsequent functional decline and can influence therapy decisions. The expansion of anti-inflammatory approaches to improve outcomes after myocardial infarction may benefit from noninvasive characterization using imaging. Novel probes also allow visualization of fibroblast transdifferentiation and activation, as a precursor to ventricle remodeling. The expanding arsenal of molecular imaging agents in parallel with new treatment options provides opportunity to harmonize diagnostic imaging with precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Yin M, Li C, Jiang J, Le J, Luo B, Yang F, Fang Y, Yang M, Deng Z, Ni W, Shao J. Cell adhesion molecule-mediated therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis: From a biological basis and molecular mechanism to drug delivery nanosystems. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114471. [PMID: 33587918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by pathological constriction of blood vessels due to chronic low-grade inflammation and lipid deposition, is a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have the ability to regulate the inflammatory response and endothelial function, as well as potentially driving plaque rupture, which all contribute to the progression of AS. Moreover, recent advances in the development of clinical agents in the cardiovascular field are based on CAMs, which show promising results in the fight against AS. Here, we review the current literature on mechanisms by which CAMs regulate atherosclerotic progression from the earliest induction of inflammation to plaques formation. In particular, we focused on therapeutic strategies based on CAMs inhibitors that prevent leukocyte from migrating to endothelium, including high-affinity antibodies and antagonists, nonspecific traditional medicinal formulas and lipid lowering drugs. The CAMs-based drug delivery nanosystem and the available data on the more reasonable and effective clinical application of CAMs inhibitors have been emphasized, raising hope for further progress in the field of AS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Yin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jingqing Le
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Bangyue Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Zhenhua Deng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Wenxin Ni
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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20
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Jebali J, Zakraoui O, Aissaoui D, Abdelkafi-Koubaa Z, Srairi-Abid N, Marrakchi N, Essafi-Benkhadir K. Lebecetin, a snake venom C-type lectin protein, modulates LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production in human THP-1-derived macrophages. Toxicon 2020; 187:144-150. [PMID: 32918926 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The excessive production of inflammatory mediators results in an overactive immune response leading to the worsening of various human diseases. Thus, there is a still need to identify molecules able to regulate the inflammatory response. Lebecetin, a C-type lectin protein isolated from Macrovipera lebetina snake venom, was previously characterized as a platelet aggregation inhibitor and antitumor active biomolecule. In the present work, we investigated its effect on the production of some cytokines linked to inflammatory response and the underlying mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP1 macrophages. Interestingly, we found that lebecetin reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 while it partially increased LPS-induced secretion of the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10. Furthermore, this modulatory effect was accompanied by decreased activation of ERK1/2, p38, AKT kinases and NF-κB along with reduced expression of αvβ3 integrin. Thus, this study highlights the promising role of lebecetin as a natural biomolecule that could manage the inflammatory response involved in the development and progression of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed Jebali
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT08/LR16IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Ons Zakraoui
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT04/LR16IPT04 Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Aissaoui
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT08/LR16IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zaineb Abdelkafi-Koubaa
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT08/LR16IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Najet Srairi-Abid
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT08/LR16IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Naziha Marrakchi
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT08/LR16IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khadija Essafi-Benkhadir
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT04/LR16IPT04 Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia.
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21
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Stitham J, Rodriguez-Velez A, Zhang X, Jeong SJ, Razani B. Inflammasomes: a preclinical assessment of targeting in atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:825-844. [PMID: 32757967 PMCID: PMC7554266 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1795831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammasomes are central to atherosclerotic vascular dysfunction with regulatory effects on inflammation, immune modulation, and lipid metabolism. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical catalyst for atherogenesis thus highlighting its importance in understanding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. AREAS COVERED This review includes an overview of macrophage lipid metabolism and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. We highlight key activators, signal transducers and major regulatory components that are being considered as putative therapeutic targets for inhibition of NLRP3-mediated cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. EXPERT OPINION NLRP3 inflammasome activity lies at the nexus between inflammation and cholesterol metabolism; it offers unique opportunities for understanding atherosclerotic pathophysiology and identifying novel modes of treatment. As such, a host of NLRP3 signaling cascade components have been identified as putative targets for drug development. We catalog these current discoveries in therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome and, utilizing the CANTOS trial as the translational (bench-to-bedside) archetype, we examine the complexities, challenges, and ultimate goals facing the field of atherosclerosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Stitham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Astrid Rodriguez-Velez
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Babak Razani
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
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22
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Ho CH, Chu PY, Peng SL, Huang SC, Lin YH. The Development of Hyaluronan/Fucoidan-Based Nanoparticles as Macrophages Targeting an Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Delivery System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6327. [PMID: 32878305 PMCID: PMC7504059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a macrophage-targeted nanoparticle composed of hyaluronan/fucoidan complexes with polyethylene glycol-gelatin to encapsulate and deliver epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a compound that can regulate macrophage activation and pro-inflammatory mediator production. We show that our nanoparticles can successfully bond to macrophages and deliver more EGCG than an EGCG solution treatment, confirming the anti-inflammatory effects of these nanoparticles in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. The prepared nanoparticles were established with a small mean particle size (217.00 ± 14.00 nm), an acceptable polydispersity index (0.28 ± 0.07), an acceptable zeta potential value (-33.60 ± 1.30 mV), and a high EGCG loading efficiency (52.08% ± 5.37%). The targeting abilities of CD44 binding were increased as the hyaluronan concentration increased and decreased by adding a competitor CD44 antibody. Moreover, we found that fucoidan treatment significantly reduced macrophage migration after lipopolysaccharide treatment in a dose-responsive manner. In summary, we successfully created macrophage-targeted nanoparticles for effective targeted delivery of EGCG, which should aid in the development of future anti-inflammatory drugs against macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hsun Ho
- Department of Anesthesiology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50008, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Shin-Lei Peng
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Shun-Chih Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Yu-Hsin Lin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (S.-C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Research, Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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23
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MacAskill MG, Newby DE, Tavares AAS. Frontiers in positron emission tomography imaging of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1952-1962. [PMID: 31233100 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques leading to an atherothrombotic event is the primary driver of myocardial infarction and stroke. The ability to detect non-invasively the presence and evolution of vulnerable plaques could have a huge impact on the future identification and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with an appropriate radiotracer has the potential to achieve this goal. This review will discuss the biological hallmarks of plaque vulnerability before going on to evaluate and to present PET imaging approaches which target these processes. The focus of this review will be on techniques beyond [18F]FDG imaging, some of which are clinically advanced, and others which are on the horizon. As inflammation is the primary driving force behind atherosclerotic plaque development, we will predominantly focus on approaches which either directly, or indirectly, target this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G MacAskill
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David E Newby
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adriana A S Tavares
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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24
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Abstract
This review discusses nuclear imaging of inflammation using molecular probes beyond fluoro-d-glucose, is structured by cellular targets, and focuses on those tracers that have been successfully applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Kircher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, Würzburg 86156, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, Würzburg 86156, Germany.
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25
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Varasteh Z, Mohanta S, Robu S, Braeuer M, Li Y, Omidvari N, Topping G, Sun T, Nekolla SG, Richter A, Weber C, Habenicht A, Haberkorn UA, Weber WA. Molecular Imaging of Fibroblast Activity After Myocardial Infarction Using a 68Ga-Labeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor, FAPI-04. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1743-1749. [PMID: 31405922 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.226993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a major source of late morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). The temporospatial presence of activated fibroblasts in the injured myocardium predicts the quality of cardiac remodeling after MI. Therefore, monitoring of activated fibroblasts is of great interest for studying cardiac remodeling after MI. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression is upregulated in activated fibroblasts. This study investigated the feasibility of imaging activated fibroblasts with a new 68Ga-labeled FAP inhibitor (68Ga-FAPI-04) for PET imaging of fibroblast activation in a preclinical model of MI. Methods: MI and sham-operated rats were scanned with 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT (1, 3, 6, 14, 23, and 30 d after MI) and with 18F-FDG (3 d after MI). Dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET and blocking studies were performed on MI rats 7 d after coronary ligation. After in vivo scans, the animals were euthanized and their hearts harvested for ex vivo analyses. Cryosections were prepared for autoradiography, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunofluorescence staining. Results: 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake in the injured myocardium peaked on day 6 after coronary ligation. The tracer accumulated intensely in the MI territory, as identified by decreased 18F-FDG uptake and confirmed by PET/MR and H&E staining. Autoradiography and H&E staining of cross-sections revealed that 68Ga-FAPI-04 accumulated mainly at the border zone of the infarcted myocardium. In contrast, there was only minimal uptake in the infarct of the blocked rats, comparable to the uptake in the remote noninfarcted myocardium (PET image-derived ratio of infarct uptake to remote uptake: 6 ± 2). Immunofluorescence staining confirmed the presence of FAP-positive myofibroblasts in the injured myocardium. Morphometric analysis of the whole-heart sections demonstrated 3- and 8-fold higher FAP-positive fibroblast density in the border zone than in the infarct center and remote area, respectively. Conclusion: 68Ga-FAPI-04 represents a promising radiotracer for in vivo imaging of post-MI fibroblast activation. Noninvasive imaging of activated fibroblasts may have significant diagnostic and prognostic value, which could aid clinical management of patients after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Varasteh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarajo Mohanta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; and
| | - Stephanie Robu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Braeuer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanfang Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Negar Omidvari
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Geoffrey Topping
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Ting Sun
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan G Nekolla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonia Richter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; and
| | - Andreas Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe A Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany
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26
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Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:525-541. [PMID: 31399983 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the lipid nephrotoxicity hypothesis was proposed in 1982, increasing evidence has supported the hypothesis that lipid abnormalities contributed to the progression of glomerulosclerosis. In this chapter, we will discuss the general promises of the original hypothesis, focusing especially on the role of lipids and metabolic inflammation accompanying CKD in renal fibrosis and potential new strategies of prevention.
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27
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Zhang S, Lu C, Das AK, Pasupulati AK, Menon RK. Abrogation of GH action in Kupffer cells results in increased hepatic CD36 expression and exaggerated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Growth Horm IGF Res 2018; 42-43:74-79. [PMID: 30321786 PMCID: PMC6286732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of GH signaling on Kupffer cells and the resulting changes in lipid homeostasis and their underlying mechanism(s) in the livers of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. DESIGN Male macrophage specific-growth hormone receptor knockout mice (MacGHR KO) and their litter mate controls were fed a high fat diet containing 60% calories from fat for 26 weeks. Lipid content and lipid profiles in the liver and circulation were analyzed. Expression levels of CD36 in the liver were quantified by RT-PCR and Western Blot. RESULTS Increased hepatic lipid content and abundance of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids were observed in the liver of MacGHR KO mice. These findings were associated with increased steady state levels of CD36 mRNA and protein in MacGHR KO mice when compared with their litter mate controls. CONCLUSION GH action in Kupffer cells is required for maintaining hepatic lipid homeostasis, in part via regulation of hepatic CD36 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Zhang
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Chunxia Lu
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Arun K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Anil K Pasupulati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ram K Menon
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, United States.
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28
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Yao Q, Liu J, Zhang Z, Li F, Zhang C, Lai B, Xiao L, Wang N. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) induces the gene expression of integrin α Vβ 5 to promote macrophage M2 polarization. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16572-16582. [PMID: 30181212 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and polarizes the macrophages into an anti-inflammatory M2 state. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that drive various cellular functions, including monocyte adhesion and foam cell formation. In this study, we first reported that the expression of integrins αV and β5 was up-regulated by PPARγ activation in RAW264.7 cells and human peripheral blood monocytes. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assay revealed that PPARγ directly bound to the potential PPAR-responsive elements sites in the 5'-flanking regions of both murine and human integrin αV and β5 genes, respectively. In addition, we showed that PPARγ augmented the ligation of integrins αV and β5 Knockdown of integrin αVβ5 by siRNA strategy or treatment with cilengitide, a potent inhibitor of integrin αVβ5, attenuated PPARγ-induced expression of Ym1 (chitinase-like protein 3), Arg1 (Arginase1), Fizz1 (resistin-like molecule RELMα), and other M2 marker genes, suggesting that the heterodimers of integrin αVβ5 were involved in PPARγ-induced M2 polarization. In conclusion, these results provided novel evidence that PPARγ-mediated gene expression and the ensuing ligation of integrins αV and β5 are implicated in macrophage M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Yao
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Jia Liu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Zihui Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Fan Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Chao Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Baochang Lai
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Lei Xiao
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Nanping Wang
- the Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Angiopoietin-Like 3 (ANGPTL3) and Atherosclerosis: Lipid and Non-Lipid Related Effects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5030039. [PMID: 30011918 PMCID: PMC6162638 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and clinical studies have demonstrated that loss-of-function variants in the angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) gene are associated with decreased plasma levels of triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which leads to a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk. For this reason, ANGPTL3 is considered an important new pharmacological target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) together with more conventional lipid lowering therapies, such as statins and anti proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies. Experimental evidence demonstrates that anti-ANGPTL3 therapies have an important anti-atherosclerotic effect. Results from phase I clinical trials with a monoclonal anti-ANGPTL3 antibody (evinacumab) and anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) clearly show a significant lipid lowering effect. In addition, from the analysis of the protein structure of ANGPTL3, it has been hypothesized that, beyond its inhibitory activity on lipoprotein and endothelial lipases, this molecule may have a pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic effect and a negative effect on cholesterol efflux, implying additional pro-atherosclerotic properties. In the future, data from phase II clinical trials and additional experimental evidence will help to define the efficacy and the additional anti-atherosclerotic properties of anti-ANGPTL3 therapies beyond the already available lipid lowering therapies.
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Comparing the Differential Diagnostic Values of 18F-Alfatide II PET/CT between Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer Patients. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 2018:8194678. [PMID: 29670497 PMCID: PMC5836463 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8194678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the differential diagnostic values of 18F-Alfatide II PET/CT between tuberculosis and lung cancer patients and in patients with sarcoidosis and common inflammation. Methods Nine inflammation patients (4 tuberculosis, 3 sarcoidosis, and 2 common inflammation) and 11 lung cancer patients were included in this study. All patients underwent 18F-FDG and 18F-Alfatide II PET/CT within 2 weeks, followed by biopsy and surgery. The maximized standard uptake value (SUVmax) and the mean standard uptake value (SUVmean) were evaluated. Results The active tuberculosis lesions showed a high accumulation of 18F-FDG, but varying degrees of accumulation of 18F-Alfatide II, including negative results. The SUVmax of 18F-Alfatide II in malignant lesions was significantly higher than that in tuberculosis (4.08 ± 1.51 versus 2.63 ± 1.34, P = 0.0078). Three patients with sarcoidosis showed negative results in 18F-Alfatide II PET/CT. Conclusions The expression of αVβ3 is much lower in tuberculosis as compared to that in lung cancer, and accumulation of 18F-Alfatide II varied even in lesions of the same patient. The negative results of sarcoidosis patients led to the speculation that αVβ3 was not expressed in those lesions.
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31
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CD36 in chronic kidney disease: novel insights and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:769-781. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Aziz MH, Cui K, Das M, Brown KE, Ardell CL, Febbraio M, Pluskota E, Han J, Wu H, Ballantyne CM, Smith JD, Cathcart MK, Yakubenko VP. The Upregulation of Integrin α Dβ 2 (CD11d/CD18) on Inflammatory Macrophages Promotes Macrophage Retention in Vascular Lesions and Development of Atherosclerosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4855-4867. [PMID: 28500072 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage accumulation is a critical step during development of chronic inflammation, initiating progression of many devastating diseases. Leukocyte-specific integrin αDβ2 (CD11d/CD18) is dramatically upregulated on macrophages at inflammatory sites. Previously we found that CD11d overexpression on cell surfaces inhibits in vitro cell migration due to excessive adhesion. In this study, we have investigated how inflammation-mediated CD11d upregulation contributes to macrophage retention at inflammatory sites during atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis was evaluated in CD11d-/-/ApoE-/- mice after 16 wk on a Western diet. CD11d deficiency led to a marked reduction in lipid deposition in aortas and isolated macrophages. Macrophage numbers in aortic sinuses of CD11d-/- mice were reduced without affecting their apoptosis and proliferation. Adoptive transfer of fluorescently labeled wild-type and CD11d-/- monocytes into ApoE-/- mice demonstrated similar recruitment from circulation, but reduced accumulation of CD11d-/- macrophages within the aortas. Furthermore, CD11d expression was significantly upregulated on macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions and M1 macrophages in vitro. Interestingly, expression of the related ligand-sharing integrin CD11b was not altered. This difference defines their distinct roles in the regulation of macrophage migration. CD11d-deficient M1 macrophages demonstrated improved migration in a three-dimensional fibrin matrix and during resolution of peritoneal inflammation, whereas migration of CD11b-/- M1 macrophages was not affected. These results prove the contribution of high densities of CD11d to macrophage arrest during atherogenesis. Because high expression of CD11d was detected in several inflammation-dependent diseases, we suggest that CD11d/CD18 upregulation on proinflammatory macrophages may represent a common mechanism for macrophage retention at inflammatory sites, thereby promoting chronic inflammation and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moammir H Aziz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37604
| | - Kui Cui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37604
| | - Mitali Das
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Kathleen E Brown
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Christopher L Ardell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37604
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Elzbieta Pluskota
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Juying Han
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | | | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Martha K Cathcart
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Valentin P Yakubenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37604; .,Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
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Integrin signaling in atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2263-2282. [PMID: 28246700 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic lipid-driven inflammatory disease affecting large arteries, represents the primary cause of cardiovascular disease in the world. The local remodeling of the vessel intima during atherosclerosis involves the modulation of vascular cell phenotype, alteration of cell migration and proliferation, and propagation of local extracellular matrix remodeling. All of these responses represent targets of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors. As such, alterations in integrin signaling affect multiple aspects of atherosclerosis, from the earliest induction of inflammation to the development of advanced fibrotic plaques. Integrin signaling has been shown to regulate endothelial phenotype, facilitate leukocyte homing, affect leukocyte function, and drive smooth muscle fibroproliferative remodeling. In addition, integrin signaling in platelets contributes to the thrombotic complications that typically drive the clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we examine the current literature on integrin regulation of atherosclerotic plaque development and the suitability of integrins as potential therapeutic targets to limit cardiovascular disease and its complications.
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Brangsch J, Reimann C, Collettini F, Buchert R, Botnar RM, Makowski MR. Molecular Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:150-164. [PMID: 28110838 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) represent a vascular disease with severe complications. AAAs are currently the overall 10th leading cause of death in western countries and their incidence is rising. Although different diagnostic techniques are currently available in clinical practice, including ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT), imaging-based prediction of life-threatening complications such as aneurysm-rupture remains challenging. Molecular imaging provides a novel diagnostic approach for in vivo visualization of biological processes and pathological alterations at a cellular and molecular level. Its overall aim is to improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis and to facilitate novel diagnostic pathways. This review outlines recent preclinical and clinical developments in molecular MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for imaging of AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brangsch
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Reimann
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Collettini
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Buchert
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - René M Botnar
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; Wellcome Trust and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Medical Engineering Centre, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Marcus R Makowski
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
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Colin DJ, Inkster JAH, Germain S, Seimbille Y. Preclinical validations of [ 18F]FPyPEGCBT- c(RGDfK): a 18F-labelled RGD peptide prepared by ligation of 2-cyanobenzothiazole and 1,2-aminothiol to image angiogenesis. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2017; 1:16. [PMID: 29564392 PMCID: PMC5843817 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-016-0019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background αVβ3, αVβ5 and α5β1 integrins are known to be involved in carcinogenesis and are overexpressed in many types of tumours compared to healthy tissues; thereby they have been selected as promising therapeutic targets. Positron emission tomography (PET) is providing a unique non-invasive screening assay to discriminate which patient is more prone to benefit from antiangiogenic therapies, and extensive research has been carried out to develop a clinical radiopharmaceutical that binds specifically to integrin receptors. We recently reported the synthesis of a new 18F-labelled RGD peptide prepared by 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT)/1,2-aminothiol conjugation. This study aims at characterising the preclinical biologic properties of this new tumour-targeting ligand, named [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK). The in vitro binding properties of [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) were analysed by standard binding assay in U-87 MG and SKOV-3 cancer models and its selectivity towards integrins by siRNA depletions. Its preclinical potential was studied in mice bearing subcutaneous tumours by ex vivo biodistribution studies and in vivo microPET/CT imaging. Results In vitro, FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) efficiently bound RGD-recognising integrins as compared to a control c(RGDfV) peptide (IC50 = 30.8 × 10−7 M vs. 6.0 × 10−7 M). [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) cell uptake was mediated by an active transport through binding to αV, β3 and β5 but not to β1 subunits. In vivo, this new tracer demonstrated specific tumour uptake with %ID/g of 2.9 and 2.4 in U-87 MG and SKOV-3 tumours 1 h post injection. Tumour-to-muscle ratios of 4 were obtained 1 h after intravenous administration of the tracer allowing good visualisation of the tumours. However, unfavourable background accumulation and high hepatobiliary excretion were observed. Conclusion [18F]FPyPEGCBT-c(RGDfK) specifically detects tumours expressing RGD-recognising integrin receptors in preclinical studies. Further optimisation of this radioligand may yield candidates with improved imaging properties and would warrant the further use of this efficient labelling technique for alternative targeting vectors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41181-016-0019-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier J Colin
- MicroPET/SPECT/CT Imaging Laboratory, Centre for BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - James A H Inkster
- Cyclotron Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Germain
- MicroPET/SPECT/CT Imaging Laboratory, Centre for BioMedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Cyclotron Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,TRIUMF, Life Sciences Division, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada
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von Essen M, Rahikainen R, Oksala N, Raitoharju E, Seppälä I, Mennander A, Sioris T, Kholová I, Klopp N, Illig T, Karhunen PJ, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Hytönen VP. Talin and vinculin are downregulated in atherosclerotic plaque; Tampere Vascular Study. Atherosclerosis 2016; 255:43-53. [PMID: 27816808 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Focal adhesions (FA) play an important role in the tissue remodeling and in the maintenance of tissue integrity and homeostasis. Talin and vinculin proteins are among the major constituents of FAs contributing to cellular well-being and intercellular communication. METHODS Microarray analysis (MA) and qRT-PCR low-density array were implemented to analyze talin-1, talin-2, meta-vinculin and vinculin gene expression in circulating blood and arterial plaque. RESULTS All analyzed genes were significantly and consistently downregulated in plaques (carotid, abdominal aortic and femoral regions) compared to left internal thoracic artery (LITA) control. The use of LITA samples as controls for arterial plaque samples was validated using immunohistochemistry by comparing LITA samples with healthy arterial samples from a cadaver. Even though the differences in expression levels between stable and unstable plaques were not statistically significant, we observed further negative tendency in the expression in unstable atherosclerotic plaques. The confocal tissue imaging revealed gradient of talin-1 expression in plaque with reduction close to the vessel lumen. Similar gradient was observed for talin-2 expression in LITA controls but was not detected in plaques. This suggests that impaired tissue mechanostability affects the tissue remodeling and healing capabilities leading to development of unstable plaques. CONCLUSIONS The central role of talin and vinculin in cell adhesions suggests that the disintegration of the tissue in atherosclerosis could be partially driven by downregulation of these genes, leading to loosening of cell-ECM interactions and remodeling of the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaléna von Essen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rolle Rahikainen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niku Oksala
- Dep. of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Dep. of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Dep. of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ari Mennander
- Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thanos Sioris
- Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ivana Kholová
- Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Norman Klopp
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pekka J Karhunen
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Dep. of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
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Eligini S, Fiorelli S, Tremoli E, Colli S. Inhibition of transglutaminase 2 reduces efferocytosis in human macrophages: Role of CD14 and SR-AI receptors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:922-930. [PMID: 27378395 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), a member of the transglutaminase family of enzymes, is a multifunctional protein involved in numerous events spanning from cell differentiation, to signal transduction, apoptosis, and wound healing. It is expressed in a variety of cells, macrophages included. Macrophage TGM2 promotes the clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) and emerging evidence suggests that defective efferocytosis contributes to the consequences of inflammation-associated diseases, including atherosclerotic lesion progression and its sequelae. Of interest, active TGM2 identified in human atherosclerotic lesions plays critical roles in plaque stability through effects on matrix cross-linking and TGFβ activity. This study explores the mechanisms by which TGM2 controls efferocytosis in human macrophages. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein we show that TGM2 increases progressively during monocyte differentiation towards macrophages and controls their efferocytic potential as well as morphology and viability. Two experimental approaches that took advantage of the inhibition of TGM2 activity and protein silencing give proof that TGM2 reduction significantly impairs macrophage efferocytosis. Among the mechanisms involved we highlighted a role of the receptors CD14 and SR-AI whose levels were markedly reduced by TGM2 inhibition. Conversely, CD36 receptor and αvβ3 integrin levels were not influenced. Of note, lipid accumulation and IL-10 secretion were reduced in macrophages displaying defective efferocytosis. CONCLUSION Overall, our data define a crucial role of TGM2 activity during macrophage differentiation via mechanisms involving CD14 and SR-AI receptors and show that TGM2 inhibition triggers a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Eligini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy.
| | - S Fiorelli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy
| | - E Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy
| | - S Colli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Molecular Imaging of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques in Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091511. [PMID: 27618031 PMCID: PMC5037788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by intimal plaques of the arterial vessels that develop slowly and, in some cases, may undergo spontaneous rupture with subsequent heart attack or stroke. Currently, noninvasive diagnostic tools are inadequate to screen atherosclerotic lesions at high risk of acute complications. Therefore, the attention of the scientific community has been focused on the use of molecular imaging for identifying vulnerable plaques. Genetically engineered murine models such as ApoE−/− and ApoE−/−Fbn1C1039G+/− mice have been shown to be useful for testing new probes targeting biomarkers of relevant molecular processes for the characterization of vulnerable plaques, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, VEGFR-2, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, P-selectin, and integrins, and for the potential development of translational tools to identify high-risk patients who could benefit from early therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the main animal models of vulnerable plaques, with an emphasis on genetically altered mice, and the state-of-the-art preclinical molecular imaging strategies.
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Daeichin V, Kooiman K, Skachkov I, Bosch JG, Theelen TL, Steiger K, Needles A, Janssen BJ, Daemen MJAP, van der Steen AFW, de Jong N, Sluimer JC. Quantification of Endothelial αvβ3 Expression with High-Frequency Ultrasound and Targeted Microbubbles: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:2283-2293. [PMID: 27302657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical feature of plaque development in atherosclerosis and might play a key role in both the initiation and later rupture of plaques. The precursory molecular or cellular pro-angiogenic events that initiate plaque growth and that ultimately contribute to plaque instability, however, cannot be detected directly with any current diagnostic modality. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of ultrasound molecular imaging of endothelial αvβ3 expression in vitro and in vivo using αvβ3-targeted ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). In the in vitro study, αvβ3 expression was confirmed by immunofluorescence in a murine endothelial cell line and detected using the targeted UCA and ultrasound imaging at 18-MHz transmit frequency. In the in vivo study, expression of endothelial αvβ3 integrin in murine carotid artery vessels and microvessels of the salivary gland was quantified using targeted UCA and high-frequency ultrasound in seven animals. Our results indicated that endothelial αvβ3 expression was significantly higher in the carotid arterial wall containing atherosclerotic lesions than in arterial segments without any lesions. We also found that the salivary gland can be used as an internal positive control for successful binding of targeted UCA to αvβ3 integrin. In conclusion, αvβ3-targeted UCA allows non-invasive assessment of the expression levels of αvβ3 on the vascular endothelium and may provide potential insights into early atherosclerotic plaque detection and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verya Daeichin
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Klazina Kooiman
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilya Skachkov
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan G Bosch
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L Theelen
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ben J Janssen
- Department of Pharmacology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mat J A P Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonius F W van der Steen
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nico de Jong
- Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands; Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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WISP1-αvβ3 integrin signaling positively regulates TLR-triggered inflammation response in sepsis induced lung injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28841. [PMID: 27349568 PMCID: PMC4923866 DOI: 10.1038/srep28841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently noted that the matricellular protein WISP1 contributes to sepsis induced acute lung injury (ALI) via integrin β6. In the current study, we pursued further aspects of WISP1 modulation of TLR signaling in lungs of mice after sepsis and TLR4 mediated release of TNF-α in macrophages. After confirming that TLR4 and CD14 are critical in transducing sepsis mediated ALI, we now demonstrate that intrapulmonary αvβ3 is increased by polymicrobrial sepsis in a TLR4, CD14 dependent fashion. Comparison of cultured macrophages revealed that WISP1 increased release of TNF-α from RAW264.7 cells with baseline expression of αvβ3, but primary cultures of peritoneal macrophages (PMø) required activation of TLR4 to induce de novo synthesis of αvβ3 enabling WISP1 to stimulate release of TNF-α. The specific requirement for β3 integrin was apparent when the effect of WISP1 was lost in PMø isolated from β3(-/-) mice. WISP1 enhanced TLR4 mediated ERK signaling and U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) blocked LPS induced β3 integrin expression and WISP1 enhanced TNF-α release. Collectively these data suggest that WISP1-αvβ3 integrin signaling is involved in TLR4 pathways in macrophages and may be an important contributor to TLR4/CD14 mediated inflammation in sepsis induced lung injury.
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Withana NP, Saito T, Ma X, Garland M, Liu C, Kosuge H, Amsallem M, Verdoes M, Ofori LO, Fischbein M, Arakawa M, Cheng Z, McConnell MV, Bogyo M. Dual-Modality Activity-Based Probes as Molecular Imaging Agents for Vascular Inflammation. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1583-1590. [PMID: 27199363 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.171553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are cellular mediators of vascular inflammation and are involved in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. These immune cells secrete proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsins that contribute to disease formation and progression. Here, we demonstrate that activity-based probes (ABPs) targeting cysteine cathepsins can be used in murine models of atherosclerosis to noninvasively image activated macrophage populations using both optical and PET/CT methods. The probes can also be used to topically label human carotid plaques demonstrating similar specific labeling of activated macrophage populations. METHODS Macrophage-rich carotid lesions were induced in FVB mice fed on a high-fat diet by streptozotocin injection followed by ligation of the left common carotid artery. Mice with carotid atherosclerotic plaques were injected with the optical or dual-modality probes BMV109 and BMV101, respectively, via the tail vein and noninvasively imaged by optical and small-animal PET/CT at different time points. After noninvasive imaging, the murine carotid arteries were imaged in situ and ex vivo, followed by immunofluorescence staining to confirm target labeling. Additionally, human carotid plaques were topically labeled with the probe and analyzed by both sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence staining to confirm the primary targets of the probe. RESULTS Quantitative analysis of the signal intensity from both optical and PET/CT imaging showed significantly higher levels of accumulation of BMV109 and BMV101 (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively) in the ligated left carotid arteries than the right carotid or healthy arteries. Immunofluorescence staining for macrophages in cross-sectional slices of the murine artery demonstrated substantial infiltration of macrophages in the neointima and adventitia of the ligated left carotid arteries compared with the right. Analysis of the human plaque tissues by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed that the primary targets of the probe were cathepsins X, B, S, and L. Immunofluorescence labeling of the human tissue with the probe demonstrated colocalization of the probe with CD68, elastin, and cathepsin S, similar to that observed in the experimental carotid inflammation murine model. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that ABPs targeting the cysteine cathepsins can be used in murine models of atherosclerosis to noninvasively image activated macrophage populations using both optical and PET/CT methods. The probes could also be used to topically label human carotid plaques demonstrating similar specific labeling of activated macrophage populations. Therefore, ABPs targeting the cysteine cathepsins are potentially valuable new reagents for rapid and noninvasive imaging of atherosclerotic disease progression and plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimali P Withana
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Toshinobu Saito
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Megan Garland
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Changhao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Hisanori Kosuge
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Myriam Amsallem
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Leslie O Ofori
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michael Fischbein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; and
| | - Mamoru Arakawa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; and
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michael V McConnell
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Shimizu Y, Kuge Y. Recent Advances in the Development of PET/SPECT Probes for Atherosclerosis Imaging. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 50:284-291. [PMID: 27994683 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-016-0418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and subsequent thrombus formation are the major causes of myocardial and cerebral infarction. Accordingly, the detection of vulnerable plaques is important for risk stratification and to provide appropriate treatment. Inflammation imaging using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) has been most extensively studied for detecting vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. It is of great importance to develop PET/SPECT probes capable of specifically visualizing the biological molecules involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and/or progression. In this article, we review recent advances in the development of PET/SPECT probes for visualizing atherosclerotic plaques and their application to therapy monitoring, mainly focusing on experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Shimizu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kuge
- Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0815 Japan ; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Vancraeynest D, Roelants V, Bouzin C, Hanin FX, Walrand S, Bol V, Bol A, Pouleur AC, Pasquet A, Gerber B, Lesnik P, Huby T, Jamar F, Vanoverschelde JL. αVβ3 integrin-targeted microSPECT/CT imaging of inflamed atherosclerotic plaques in mice. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:29. [PMID: 27009066 PMCID: PMC4805679 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background αVβ3-integrin is expressed by activated endothelial cells and macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques and may represent a valuable marker of high-risk plaques. We evaluated 99mTc-maraciclatide, an integrin-specific tracer, for imaging vascular inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions in mice. Methods Apolipoprotein E-negative (ApoE−/−) mice on a Western diet (n = 10) and normally fed adult C57BL/6 control mice (n = 4) were injected with 99mTc-maraciclatide (51.8 ± 3.7 MBq). A blocking peptide was infused in three ApoE−/− mice; this condition served as another control. After 90 min, the animals were imaged via single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). While maintained in the same position, the mice were transferred to computed tomography (CT) to obtain contrast-enhanced images of the aortic arch. Images from both modalities were fused, and signal was quantified in the aortic arch and in the vena cava for subtraction of blood-pool activity. The aorta was carefully dissected after imaging for gamma counting, autoradiography, and histology. Results Tracer uptake was significantly higher in ApoE−/− mice than in both groups of control mice (1.56 ± 0.33 vs. 0.82 ± 0.24 vs. 0.98 ± 0.11, respectively; P = 0.006). Furthermore, higher tracer activity was detected via gamma counting in the aorta of hypercholesterolemic mice than in both groups of control mice (1.52 ± 0.43 vs. 0.78 ± 0.19 vs. 0.47 ± 0.31 99mTc-maraciclatide %ID/g, respectively; P = 0.018). Autoradiography showed significantly higher tracer uptake in the atherosclerotic aorta than in the control aorta (P = 0.026). Finally, in the atherosclerotic aorta, immunostaining indicated that the integrin signal came predominantly from macrophages and was correlated with the macrophage CD68 immunomarker (r = 0.73). Conclusions 99mTc-maraciclatide allows in vivo detection of inflamed atherosclerotic plaques in mice and may represent a non-invasive approach for identifying high-risk plaques in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vancraeynest
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. .,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10-2881, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Roelants
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François-Xavier Hanin
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephan Walrand
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Bol
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Pouleur
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10-2881, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Agnès Pasquet
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10-2881, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernhard Gerber
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10-2881, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis Team, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6 and institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Huby
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis Team, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6 and institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - François Jamar
- Pôle d'Imagerie Médicale, Radiothérapie et Oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10-2881, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Lin SA, Suresch DL, Connolly B, Mesfin G, Gonzalez RJ, Patel MR, Shevell D, Johnson T, Bednar B. Optical imaging biomarkers of drug-induced vascular injury. Mol Imaging 2016; 14. [PMID: 25773788 DOI: 10.2310/7290.2014.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI), defined as arterial medial degeneration/necrosis usually associated with perivascular inflammation, is frequently observed in the mesenteric arteries of rats but the relevance to humans remains a hurdle for drug development. Here, we describe the evaluation of commercially available optical imaging biomarkers using a rat DIVI model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were administered 10 mg/kg/day of a proprietary soluble guanylate cyclase activator (sGCa). Optical agents, AngioSense for the detection of vessel permeability, MMPSense for the detection of activated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and IntegriSense for the detection of αvβ3 integrin, were injected via tail vein 24 hours before fluorescence (FL) ex vivo imaging. Imaging found a statistically significant difference in FL from all optical agents between treated and vehicle groups (p < .05). Mesenteric arteries were further analyzed by histopathology, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. Histopathology confirmed perivascular inflammation and/or arterial medial degeneration in the sGCa-treated animals. Flow cytometry of digested arteries revealed myeloid cells as a main source of MMPSense signal. Immunohistochemical analysis further identified elevated MMP-9 expression within arterial walls and surrounding tissue of treated animals. Together, these data demonstrate that MMPSense and AngioSense are sensitive optical imaging biomarkers for the quantification of DIVI in rat mesenteric arteries.
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45
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Amsallem M, Saito T, Tada Y, Dash R, McConnell MV. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Approaches to Imaging Vascular and Cardiac Inflammation. Circ J 2016; 80:1269-77. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Amsallem
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Toshinobu Saito
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Yuko Tada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Rajesh Dash
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine
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Liu S. Radiolabeled Cyclic RGD Peptide Bioconjugates as Radiotracers Targeting Multiple Integrins. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1413-38. [PMID: 26193072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. The angiogenic process depends on vascular endothelial cell migration and invasion, and is regulated by various cell adhesion receptors. Integrins are such a family of receptors that facilitate the cellular adhesion to and migration on extracellular matrix proteins in the intercellular spaces and basement membranes. Among 24 members of the integrin family, αvβ3 is studied most extensively for its role in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. The αvβ3 is expressed at relatively low levels on epithelial cells and mature endothelial cells, but it is highly expressed on the activated endothelial cells of tumor neovasculature and some tumor cells. This restricted expression makes αvβ3 an excellent target to develop antiangiogenic drugs and diagnostic molecular imaging probes. Since αvβ3 is a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins with one or more RGD tripeptide sequence, many radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides have been evaluated as "αvβ3-targeted" radiotracers for tumor imaging over the past decade. This article will use the dimeric and tetrameric cyclic RGD peptides developed in our laboratories as examples to illustrate basic principles for development of αvβ3-targeted radiotracers. It will focus on different approaches to maximize the radiotracer tumor uptake and tumor/background ratios. This article will also discuss some important assays for preclinical evaluations of integrin-targeted radiotracers. In general, multimerization of cyclic RGD peptides increases their integrin binding affinity and the tumor uptake and retention times of their radiotracers. Regardless of their multiplicity, the capability of cyclic RGD peptides to bind other integrins (namely, αvβ5, α5β1, α6β4, α4β1, and αvβ6) is expected to enhance the radiotracer tumor uptake due to the increased integrin population. The results from preclinical and clinical studies clearly show that radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides (such as (99m)Tc-3P-RGD2, (18)F-Alfatide-I, and (18)F-Alfatide-II) are useful as the molecular imaging probes for early cancer detection and noninvasive monitoring of the tumor response to antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Shimojo N, Hashizume R, Kanayama K, Hara M, Suzuki Y, Nishioka T, Hiroe M, Yoshida T, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C may accelerate cardiac fibrosis by activating macrophages via the integrin αVβ3/nuclear factor-κB/interleukin-6 axis. Hypertension 2015; 66:757-66. [PMID: 26238448 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix protein not detected in normal adult heart, but expressed in several heart diseases closely associated with inflammation. Accumulating data suggest that TN-C may play a significant role in progression of ventricular remodeling. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of TN-C in hypertensive cardiac fibrosis and underlying molecular mechanisms. Angiotensin II was administered to wild-type and TN-C knockout mice for 4 weeks. In wild-type mice, the treatment induced increase of collagen fibers and accumulation of macrophages in perivascular areas associated with deposition of TN-C and upregulated the expression levels of interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 as compared with wild-type/control mice. These changes were significantly reduced in TN-C knockout/angiotensin II mice. In vitro, TN-C accelerated macrophage migration and induced accumulation of integrin αVβ3 in focal adhesions, with phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. TN-C treatment also induced nuclear translocation of phospho-NF-κB and upregulated interleukin-6 expression of macrophages in an NF-κB-dependent manner; this being suppressed by inhibitors for integrin αVβ3 and Src. Furthermore, interleukin-6 upregulated expression of collagen I by cardiac fibroblasts. TN-C may enhance inflammatory responses by accelerating macrophage migration and synthesis of proinflammatory/profibrotic cytokines via integrin αVβ3/FAK-Src/NF-κB, resulting in increased fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Shimojo
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.).
| | - Ryotaro Hashizume
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Kazuki Kanayama
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Mari Hara
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Yuka Suzuki
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Tomohiro Nishioka
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Michiaki Hiroe
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- From the Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology (N.S., R.H., M.H., Y.S., T.N., M.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.), and Department of Pathologic Oncology (K.K.), Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan (N.S., R.H., T.Y., K.I.-Y.); and Department of Cardiology, National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
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Chen J, Green J, Yurdagul A, Albert P, McInnis MC, Orr AW. αvβ3 Integrins Mediate Flow-Induced NF-κB Activation, Proinflammatory Gene Expression, and Early Atherogenic Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26212910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell interactions with transitional matrix proteins, such as fibronectin, occur early during atherogenesis and regulate shear stress-induced endothelial cell activation. Multiple endothelial cell integrins bind transitional matrix proteins, including α5β1, αvβ3, and αvβ5. However, the role these integrins play in mediating shear stress-induced endothelial cell activation remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to elucidate which integrin heterodimers mediate shear stress-induced endothelial cell activation and early atherogenesis. We now show that inhibiting αvβ3 integrins (S247, siRNA), but not α5β1 or αvβ5, blunts shear stress-induced proinflammatory signaling (NF-κB, p21-activated kinase) and gene expression (ICAM1, VCAM1). Importantly, inhibiting αvβ3 did not affect cytokine-induced proinflammatory responses or inhibit all shear stress-induced signaling, because Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and extracellular regulated kinase activation remained intact. Furthermore, inhibiting αv integrins (S247), but not α5 (ATN-161), in atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E knockout mice significantly reduced vascular remodeling after acute induction of disturbed flow. S247 treatment similarly reduced early diet-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation associated with both diminished inflammation (expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, plaque macrophage content) and reduced smooth muscle incorporation. Inducible, endothelial cell-specific αv integrin deletion similarly blunted inflammation in models of disturbed flow and diet-induced atherogenesis but did not affect smooth muscle incorporation. Our studies identify αvβ3 as the primary integrin heterodimer mediating shear stress-induced proinflammatory responses and as a key contributor to early atherogenic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Jonette Green
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Arif Yurdagul
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Patrick Albert
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Marshall C McInnis
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana.
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Spinas E, Kritas SK, Saggini A, Mobili A, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Pantalone A, Tei M, Speziali A, Saggini R, Conti P. Role of mast cells in atherosclerosis: a classical inflammatory disease. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 27:517-21. [PMID: 25572731 DOI: 10.1177/039463201402700407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease and hyperlipidaemia is one of the main risk factors for aging, hypertension and diabetes. Variance in plasma LDL cholesterol concentration may be associated with differences in cardiovascular disease risk and high levels of lipids are associated with increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. Macrophages, which generate pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-alpha), are deeply involved in atherosclerosis, as well as mast cells which generate several cytokines, including IL-6 and IFN-gamma, and chemokines such as eotaxin, MCP-1 and RANTES involved in monocyte recruitment and differentiation in the arterial wall. In addition, mast cells participate in lipid retention and vascular cell remodeling, and are mediators of innate and adaptive immunity during atherosclerosis. Mast cells which accumulate in the human arterial intima and adventitia during atherosclerotic plaque progression, release vasoactive and angiogenic compounds, and pro-inflammatory mediators, such as arachidonic acid metabolites, histamine, cytokines/chemokines, platelet activating factor (PAF) and proteolytic enzymes. Mast cells can be activated by pro-inflammatory stimuli, including cytokines, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia, and trigger the endothelial expression of adhesion molecules such as P-selection, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and chemokines which mediate the recruitment and adhesion of leukocytes. The participation of mast cells in atherosclerosis is still an enigma and it may be of therapeutic interest to clarify this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Spinas
- Department of Surgery and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - S K Kritas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - A Saggini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - A Mobili
- Cardiology Division, Post-graduate Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - A Caraffa
- Orthopedic Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Antinolfi
- Orthopedic Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Pantalone
- Orthopedic Division, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Tei
- Nicolas Foundation, Onlus, Arezzo, Italy
| | - A Speziali
- Nicolas Foundation, Onlus, Arezzo, Italy
| | - R Saggini
- Department of Neurosciences and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, G. dAnnunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Conti
- Immunology Division, Post-graduate Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Menendez-Castro C, Cordasic N, Neureiter D, Amann K, Marek I, Volkert G, Stintzing S, Jahn A, Rascher W, Hilgers KF, Hartner A. Under-expression of α8 integrin aggravates experimental atherosclerosis. J Pathol 2015; 236:5-16. [PMID: 25511181 DOI: 10.1002/path.4501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Integrins play an important role in vascular biology. The α8 integrin chain attenuates smooth muscle cell migration but its functional role in the development of atherosclerosis is unclear. Therefore, we studied the contribution of α8 integrin to atherosclerosis and vascular remodelling. We hypothesized that α8 integrin expression is reduced in atherosclerotic lesions, and that its under-expression leads to a more severe course of atherosclerosis. α8 Integrin was detected by immunohistochemistry and qPCR and α8 integrin-deficient mice were used to induce two models of atherosclerotic lesions. First, ligation of the carotid artery led to medial thickening and neointima formation, which was quantified in carotid cross-sections. Second, after crossing into ApoE-deficient mice, the formation of advanced vascular lesions with atherosclerotic plaques was quantified in aortic en face preparations stained with Sudan IV. Parameters of renal physiology and histopathology were assessed: α8 integrin was detected in the media of human and murine vascular tissue and was down-regulated in arteries with advanced atherosclerotic lesions. In α8 integrin-deficient mice (α8(-/-) ) as well as α8(+/-) and α8(+/+) littermates, carotid artery ligation increased media:lumen ratios in all genotypes, with higher values in ligated α8(-/-) and α8(+/-) compared to ligated α8(+/+) animals. Carotid artery ligation increased smooth muscle cell number in the media of α8(+/+) mice and, more prominently, of α8(-/-) or α8(+/-) mice. On an ApoE(-/-) background, α8(+/-) and α8(-/-) mice developed more atherosclerotic plaques than α8(+/+) mice. α8 Integrin expression was reduced in α8(+/-) animals. Renal damage with increased serum creatinine and glomerulosclerosis was detected in α8(-/-) mice only. Thus, under-expression of α8 integrin aggravates vascular lesions, while a complete loss of α8 integrin results in reduced renal mass and additional renal disease in the presence of generalized atherosclerosis. Our data support the hypothesis that integrin α8β1 has a protective role in arterial remodelling and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Menendez-Castro
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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