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Yang L, Peng Z, Gong F, Yan W, Shi Y, Li H, Zhou C, Yao H, Yuan M, Yu F, Feng L, Wan N, Liu G. TRPC4 aggravates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by promoting pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:141-152. [PMID: 38636714 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease that lacks effective treatment options and is characterized by severe pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction drives the initiation and pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels, a family of Ca2+-permeable channels, play an important role in various diseases. However, the effect and mechanism of TRPCs on PH development have not been fully elucidated. Among the TRPC family members, TRPC4 expression was markedly upregulated in PAECs from hypoxia combined with SU5416 (HySu)-induced PH mice and monocrotaline (MCT)-treated PH rats, as well as in hypoxia-exposed PAECs, suggesting that TRPC4 in PAECs may participate in the occurrence and development of PH. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether TRPC4 in PAECs has an aggravating effect on PH and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. We observed that hypoxia treatment promoted PAEC apoptosis through a caspase-12/endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-dependent pathway. Knockdown of TRPC4 attenuated hypoxia-induced apoptosis and caspase-3/caspase-12 activity in PAECs. Accordingly, adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 6-mediated pulmonary endothelial TRPC4 silencing (AAV6-Tie-shRNA-TRPC4) or TRPC4 antagonist suppressed PH progression as evidenced by reduced right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), pulmonary vascular remodeling, PAEC apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mechanistically, unbiased RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) suggested that TRPC4 deficiency suppressed the expression of the proapoptotic protein sushi domain containing 2 (Susd2) in hypoxia-exposed mouse PAECs. Moreover, TRPC4 activated hypoxia-induced PAEC apoptosis by promoting Susd2 expression. Therefore, inhibiting TRPC4 ameliorated PAEC apoptosis and hypoxic PH in animals by repressing Susd2 signaling, which may serve as a therapeutic target for the management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zeyu Peng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fanpeng Gong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - WenXin Yan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hanyi Li
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Menglu Yuan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Naifu Wan
- Department of Vascular & Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhu Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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2
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Wang L, Song R, Ma M, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li J, Yang Z, Zhang L, Jing M, Wang X, Zhang M, Fan J. Inhibition of autophagy can promote the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells induced by SC66 through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110725. [PMID: 37741534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is among the ten most prevalent cancer types worldwide, and its prognosis has not improved significantly in the past three decades because of cognitive limitations in the molecular mechanisms that drive the malignant progression of bladder cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic drugs or molecular targets to improve the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. SC66, a novel allosteric inhibitor of AKT, has recently been reported to exert potent anticancer effects on various cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects in bladder cancer remain largely unknown. Consequently, this study aimed to conduct a series of molecular and cellular biology experiments to verify the anticancer effect and potential mechanism of action of SC66 in bladder cancer in vitro. A xenograft tumor model was established to confirm its anticancer role in vivo. Our results showed that SC66 inhibited cell proliferation, triggered mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and initiated autophagy in bladder cancer cells dose-dependently. In addition, our results suggested that SC66-caused apoptosis and autophagy were endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent. Interestingly, the activation of autophagy can partially protect bladder cancer cells from apoptosis under endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by SC66 treatment. This study shows that SC66 exerts its anticancer impact on bladder cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. It also reveals that inhibiting autophagy can increase the cytotoxic effects of SC66 in bladder cancer. Overall, this is the first study on the anticancer effect of SC66 mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and the first report on the AKT-independent anticancer mechanism of SC66 in bladder cancer. Conclusively, exploring the relationship between apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by SC66 indicates that SC66 is a promising novel agent for patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rundong Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minghai Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunzhong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zezhong Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minxuan Jing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jinhai Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Kuehnle N, Osborne SM, Liang Z, Manzano M, Gottwein E. CRISPR screens identify novel regulators of cFLIP dependency and ligand-independent, TRAIL-R1-mediated cell death. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1221-1234. [PMID: 36801923 PMCID: PMC10154404 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). PEL cell lines require expression of the cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (cFLIP) for survival, although KSHV encodes a viral homolog of this protein (vFLIP). Cellular and viral FLIP proteins have several functions, including, most importantly, the inhibition of pro-apoptotic caspase 8 and modulation of NF-κB signaling. To investigate the essential role of cFLIP and its potential redundancy with vFLIP in PEL cells, we first performed rescue experiments with human or viral FLIP proteins known to affect FLIP target pathways differently. The long and short isoforms of cFLIP and molluscum contagiosum virus MC159L, which are all strong caspase 8 inhibitors, efficiently rescued the loss of endogenous cFLIP activity in PEL cells. KSHV vFLIP was unable to fully rescue the loss of endogenous cFLIP and is therefore functionally distinct. Next, we employed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 synthetic rescue screens to identify loss of function perturbations that can compensate for cFLIP knockout. Results from these screens and our validation experiments implicate the canonical cFLIP target caspase 8 and TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1 or TNFRSF10A) in promoting constitutive death signaling in PEL cells. However, this process was independent of TRAIL receptor 2 or TRAIL, the latter of which is not detectable in PEL cell cultures. The requirement for cFLIP is also overcome by inactivation of the ER/Golgi resident chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis and UFMylation pathways, Jagunal homolog 1 (JAGN1) or CXCR4. UFMylation and JAGN1, but not chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis or CXCR4, contribute to TRAIL-R1 expression. In sum, our work shows that cFLIP is required in PEL cells to inhibit ligand-independent TRAIL-R1 cell death signaling downstream of a complex set of ER/Golgi-associated processes that have not previously been implicated in cFLIP or TRAIL-R1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Kuehnle
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry 6-735, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Scout Mask Osborne
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry 6-735, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ziyan Liang
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry 6-735, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mark Manzano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Eva Gottwein
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry 6-735, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Aramburu IV, Hoving D, Vernardis SI, Tin MC, Ioannou M, Temkin MI, De Vasconcelos NM, Demichev V, Helbig ET, Lippert L, Stahl K, White M, Radbruch H, Ihlow J, Horst D, Chiesa ST, Deanfield JE, David S, Bode C, Kurth F, Ralser M, Papayannopoulos V. Functional proteomic profiling links deficient DNA clearance with increased mortality in individuals with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Immunity 2022; 55:2436-2453.e5. [PMID: 36462503 PMCID: PMC9671605 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The factors that influence survival during severe infection are unclear. Extracellular chromatin drives pathology, but the mechanisms enabling its accumulation remain elusive. Here, we show that in murine sepsis models, splenocyte death interferes with chromatin clearance through the release of the DNase I inhibitor actin. Actin-mediated inhibition was compensated by upregulation of DNase I or the actin scavenger gelsolin. Splenocyte death and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) clearance deficiencies were prevalent in individuals with severe COVID-19 pneumonia or microbial sepsis. Activity tracing by plasma proteomic profiling uncovered an association between low NET clearance and increased COVID-19 pathology and mortality. Low NET clearance activity with comparable proteome associations was prevalent in healthy donors with low-grade inflammation, implicating defective chromatin clearance in the development of cardiovascular disease and linking COVID-19 susceptibility to pre-existing conditions. Hence, the combination of aberrant chromatin release with defects in protective clearance mechanisms lead to poor survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis Hoving
- The Francis Crick Institute, Antimicrobial Defence Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Spyros I. Vernardis
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Martha C.F. Tin
- The Francis Crick Institute, Antimicrobial Defence Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Marianna Ioannou
- The Francis Crick Institute, Antimicrobial Defence Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Mia I. Temkin
- The Francis Crick Institute, Antimicrobial Defence Laboratory, London, UK
| | | | - Vadim Demichev
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Elisa Theresa Helbig
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Lippert
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Stahl
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthew White
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Neuropathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Ihlow
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Scott T. Chiesa
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - John E. Deanfield
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sascha David
- Institute for Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK,Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Si C, Ou Y, Ma D, Hei L, Wang X, Du R, Yang H, Liao Y, Zhao J. Cytotoxic Effect of the Essential oils from Erigeron Canadensis L. on Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200436. [PMID: 36005296 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Erigeron Canadensis L. (E. canadensis) is a widely distributed invasive weed species in China. Potentially anti-cancer qualities may exist in its essential oils (EOs). The purpose of this study was to analyze the components of the EOs of E. canadensis and their effects on the normal liver cell lines L02 and the human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa. The EOs from the upper region of E. canadensis were prepared, its components were identified by GC/MS. Cell viability, cell morphology observation, AO/EB dual fluorescence staining assay, flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential, western blot, caspase inhibitor test, and oxidative stress tests were used to investigate the impact of the EOs on HeLa cells. Network pharmacological analysis was employed to study the potential mechanism of the EOs in the treatment of cervical cancer. According to the findings, the EOs had 21 chemical components, of which limonene made up 65.68 %. After being exposed to the EOs, the cell viability of HeLa and L02 dramatically declined. The inhibition of EOs was more effective than that of limonene when used in an amount equivalent to that in the EOs. L02 cells were less susceptible to the cytotoxicity of EOs than HeLa cells were. Furthermore, EOs altered the cell cycle in HeLa cells and caused oxidative stress and apoptosis. Compared with the control group, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased in HeLa cells at first and then decreased, total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in HeLa cells significantly decreased. G1 phase cells decreased whereas G2/M phase cells increased. The rate of apoptosis rose. Reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3, -9, and -12 protein expression were both observed. Nerolidol, dextroparaffinone, and α-pinene were shown to be the primary components for the suppression of HeLa cells, according to the results of the prediction of pharmacologic targets. In conclusion, findings of this study indicated the EOs may have the potential to curb the growth of cervical cancer cells. Further research is needed to explore the in vivo effect of EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojin Si
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yangsong Ou
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 2nd Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610031, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Danwei Ma
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hei
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Runyuan Du
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan 2nd Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610031, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Kara M, Boran T, Öztaş E, Jannuzzi AT, Özden S, Özhan G. Zoledronic acid-induced oxidative damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23083. [PMID: 35587103 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zoledronic acid, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate drug, is used for the treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, and tumor-induced osteolysis. Zoledronic acid has also gained a place in cancer treatment due to its cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in many cancer cells. Although zoledronic acid is considered safe, kidney damage is still one of the concerns in therapeutic doses. In the study, the aim was to assess the nephrotoxic profiles of zoledronic acid in the human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells. Cytotoxicity evaluation was performed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red uptake tests, while oxidative stress was performed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via flow cytometry, and the incomprehensible evaluation of ROS-related genes by RT-PCR and apoptosis was performed with Annexin-PI analysis in flow cytometry. The obtained result showed that zoledronic acid inhibited cell viability (IC50 values were determined as 273.16 by MTT) and cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, induced ROS production, caused glutathione depletion, and increased oxidative stress index and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, indicating severe cellular stress. The expression levels of oxidative damage (L-fabp, α-GST, Nrf2, and HMOX1), ER stress (CASP4, IRE1-α, GADD153, and GRP78), and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt-c, p53, CASP9, CASP3, NF-κB, TNF-α, and JNK) related genes were altered as well as IRE1-α protein levels. Herein, we were the first to show that increased oxidative stress and ER stress resulting in apoptosis are the key molecular pathways in zoledronic acid-induced nephrotoxicity equivalent to clinically administered concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Boran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Öztaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Özden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Özhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Quistgaard EM. BAP31: Physiological functions and roles in disease. Biochimie 2021; 186:105-129. [PMID: 33930507 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31 or BCAP31) is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein found mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), including in mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). It acts as a broad-specificity membrane protein chaperone and quality control factor, which can promote different fates for its clients, including ER retention, ER export, ER-associated degradation (ERAD), or evasion of degradation, and it also acts as a MAM tetherer and regulatory protein. It is involved in several cellular processes - it supports ER and mitochondrial homeostasis, promotes proliferation and migration, plays several roles in metabolism and the immune system, and regulates autophagy and apoptosis. Full-length BAP31 can be anti-apoptotic, but can also mediate activation of caspase-8, and itself be cleaved by caspase-8 into p20-BAP31, which promotes apoptosis by mobilizing ER calcium stores at MAMs. BAP31 loss-of-function mutations is the cause of 'deafness, dystonia, and central hypomyelination' (DDCH) syndrome, characterized by severe neurological symptoms and early death. BAP31 is furthermore implicated in a growing number of cancers and other diseases, and several viruses have been found to target it to promote their survival or life cycle progression. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and examination of the basic properties, functions, mechanisms, and roles in disease of BAP31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben M Quistgaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics - DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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8
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Wang ZY, Zhao T, Zhou J, Gao F. Elevated serum miR-3129-5p contributes to the progression of coronary heart disease via targeting mTOR. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 37:314-323. [PMID: 33336524 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to explore the miRNA changes that occur in the serum of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and healthy controls using a microarray technique, thereby exploring the potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of CHD and the underlying mechanism. Clinical data were reviewed, and venous blood samples were collected from 66 cases of CHD and 58 cases of healthy controls. MicroRNA-wide expression profiling identified 16 miRNAs that were aberrantly decreased by ~2-fold in the serum of patients with CHD compared to that of healthy controls. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of miR-3129-5p was increased the most in patients with CHD compared with that of controls. Moreover, serum miR-3129-5p was found to be highest in the severe stenosis group, followed by the moderate stenosis group and mild stenosis group. ROC analysis showed that serum miR-3129-5p could differentiate patients with CHD from controls. Further study showed that mTOR was a target gene of miR-3129-5p. Western blot assays demonstrated that miR-3129-5p significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of S6 but increased LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 levels. Consistently, GFP-LC3 and TEM assays indicated that miR-3129 increased autophagy puncta in H9C2 cells. More importantly, silencing mTOR significantly decreased the expression of p-S6 but increased LC3II/LC3I and Beclin expression even in H9C2 cells transfected with miR-3129-5p inhibitor, indicating that miR-3129-5p-induced cell autophagy was mediated via mTOR in H9C2 cells. In summary, elevated serum miR-3129-5p contributes to CHD by targeting mTOR signaling and may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Weanpon Industry 521 Hospital, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Weanpon Industry 521 Hospital, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, China
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9
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Suzuki R, Fujiwara Y, Saito M, Arakawa S, Shirakawa JI, Yamanaka M, Komohara Y, Marumo K, Nagai R. Intracellular Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products Induces Osteoblast Apoptosis Via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1992-2003. [PMID: 32427355 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an aging-associated disease that is attributed to excessive osteoblast apoptosis. It is known that the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in bone extracellular matrix deteriorates osteoblast functions. However, little is known about the interaction between intracellular AGE accumulation and the induction of osteoblast apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of intracellular AGE accumulation on osteoblast apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with glycolaldehyde (GA), an AGE precursor. GA-induced intracellular AGE accumulation progressed in time- and dose-dependent manners, followed by apoptosis induction. Intracellular AGE formation also activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (such as glucose-regulated protein 78, inositol-requiring protein-1α (IRE1α), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and induced apoptosis. In agreement, treatment with the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid and knocking down IRE1α expression ameliorated osteoblast apoptosis. Furthermore, the ratio between AGE- and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive osteoblasts in human vertebral bodies was significantly higher in an elderly group than in a younger group. A positive linear correlation between the ratio of AGE-positive and TUNEL-positive osteoblasts (r = 0.72) was also observed. Collectively, these results indicate that AGEs accumulated in osteoblasts with age and that intracellular AGE accumulation induces apoptosis via ER stress. These findings offer new insight into the mechanisms of osteoblast apoptosis and age-related osteoporosis. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoutaro Arakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
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10
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Liu J, Zhai Z, Niu H, Zhang Y, Song X, Zhang P, Ye Y. Endoplasmic reticulum-targetable fluorescent probe for visualizing HClO in EC1 cells. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Luo W, Chen S, Lin F, Zhang X, Fan S, Shen X, Wang Y, Liang G. Celastrol induces ROS-mediated apoptosis via directly targeting peroxiredoxin-2 in gastric cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10290-10308. [PMID: 32929349 PMCID: PMC7481428 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress from elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to induce cell apoptosis and may provide a means to target cancer cells. Celastrol is a natural bioactive compound that was recently shown to increase ROS levels and cause apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism for this cytotoxic action remains unclear and direct molecular targets of Celastrol have not been identified. Methods: Proteome microarray, surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular simulation were used to identify the molecular target of Celastrol. Binding and activity assays were used to validate the interaction of Celastrol with target protein in cell-free and gastric cancer cell lysates. We then assessed target transcript levels in in biopsy specimens obtained from patients with gastric cancer. Gastric cancer growth-limiting and cytotoxic activity of Celastrol was evaluated in BALB/c nu/nu mice. Results: Our data show that Celastrol directly binds to an antioxidant enzyme, peroxiredoxin-2 (Prdx2), which then inhibits its enzyme activity at both molecular and cellular level. Inhibition of Prdx2 by Celastrol increased cellular ROS levels and led to ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Functional tests demonstrated that Celastrol limits gastric cancer cells, at least in part, through targeting Prdx2. Celastrol treatment of mice implanted with gastric cancer cells also inhibited tumor growth, associated with Prdx2 inhibition and increased ROS. Analysis of human gastric cancer also showed increased Prdx2 levels and correlation with survival. Conclusion: Our studies have uncovered a potential Celastrol-interacting protein Prdx2 and a ROS-dependent mechanism of its action. The findings also highlight Prdx2 as a potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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12
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Azuma Y, Suzuki K, Higai K, Matsumoto K, Tada S. Biphasic Increases of Cell Surface Calreticulin Following Treatment with Mitoxantrone. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1595-1599. [PMID: 32727970 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) and calnexin (CNX), homologous major chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are known to translocate to the cell surface in response to chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitoxantrone (MIT), and cellular stresses, including apoptosis. Cell surface CRT (ecto-CRT) is relevant to the phagocytic uptake of cancer cells and dying cells, and pre-apoptotic exposure of CRT has been reported to result in enhanced immunogenicity of dying tumor cells, serving as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). In this study, HT-29 cells were treated with MIT to induce ER stress, and ecto-CRT and cell surface CNX were quantified by flow cytometry in the absence or presence of caspase inhibitors, a calpain inhibitor, or a scavenger of reactive oxygen species. The biphasic (early transient and late sustained) increase of ecto-CRT on HT-29 cells was observed after treatment with MIT. We confirmed that the early increase in ecto-CRT after 4 h of MIT treatment was not related to apoptosis, whereas the increase of ecto-CRT, as well as that of cell-surface CNX, during the later stage of treatment was caspase dependent and related to apoptosis. In addition, our results suggested that the early peak of ecto-CRT was mediated by activation of caspase 8 by ER stress. Thus, the physiological significance of the late increases in cell-surface CRT and/or CNX might be considered an "eat-me signal" for the removal of dead cells by phagocytosis, while the early increase in ecto-CRT caused by ER stress might enhance the immunogenicity of stressed tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Azuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Kenichi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Koji Higai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Kojiro Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Shusuke Tada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
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13
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Lindner P, Christensen SB, Nissen P, Møller JV, Engedal N. Cell death induced by the ER stressor thapsigargin involves death receptor 5, a non-autophagic function of MAP1LC3B, and distinct contributions from unfolded protein response components. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:12. [PMID: 31987044 PMCID: PMC6986015 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell death triggered by unmitigated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in physiology and disease, but the death-inducing signaling mechanisms are incompletely understood. To gain more insight into these mechanisms, the ER stressor thapsigargin (Tg) is an instrumental experimental tool. Additionally, Tg forms the basis for analog prodrugs designed for cell killing in targeted cancer therapy. Tg induces apoptosis via the unfolded protein response (UPR), but how apoptosis is initiated, and how individual effects of the various UPR components are integrated, is unclear. Furthermore, the role of autophagy and autophagy-related (ATG) proteins remains elusive. METHODS To systematically address these key questions, we analyzed the effects of Tg and therapeutically relevant Tg analogs in two human cancer cell lines of different origin (LNCaP prostate- and HCT116 colon cancer cells), using RNAi and inhibitory drugs to target death receptors, UPR components and ATG proteins, in combination with measurements of cell death by fluorescence imaging and propidium iodide staining, as well as real-time RT-PCR and western blotting to monitor caspase activity, expression of ATG proteins, UPR components, and downstream ER stress signaling. RESULTS In both cell lines, Tg-induced cell death depended on death receptor 5 and caspase-8. Optimal cytotoxicity involved a non-autophagic function of MAP1LC3B upstream of procaspase-8 cleavage. PERK, ATF4 and CHOP were required for Tg-induced cell death, but surprisingly acted in parallel rather than as a linear pathway; ATF4 and CHOP were independently required for Tg-mediated upregulation of death receptor 5 and MAP1LC3B proteins, whereas PERK acted via other pathways. Interestingly, IRE1 contributed to Tg-induced cell death in a cell type-specific manner. This was linked to an XBP1-dependent activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which was pro-apoptotic in LNCaP but not HCT116 cells. Molecular requirements for cell death induction by therapy-relevant Tg analogs were identical to those observed with Tg. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results provide a new, integrated understanding of UPR signaling mechanisms and downstream mediators that induce cell death upon Tg-triggered, unmitigated ER stress. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lindner
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Poul Nissen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Nikolai Engedal
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
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14
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Fu ZY, Wu ZJ, Zheng JH, Li N, Lu JY, Chen MH. Edaravone Ameliorates Renal Warm Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Downregulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in a Rat Resuscitation Model. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:175-183. [PMID: 32021102 PMCID: PMC6970244 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s211906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background This study was conducted to explore whether the effect of edaravone (5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol3-one, EDR) can ameliorate renal warm ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and its downstream effector after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a rat model. Methods The rats (n=10) experienced anaesthesia and intubation followed by no CA inducement were defined as the Sham group. Transoesophageal alternating current stimulation was employed to establish 8 min of CA followed by conventional CPR for a resuscitation model. The rats with successful restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) randomly received EDR (3 mg/kg, EDR group, n=10) or equal volume normal saline solution (the NS group, n=10). At 24 hr after ROSC, serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and cystatin-C (Cys-C) levels were determined and the protein level of glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), Bax/Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot method. Results At 24 hrs after ROSC, SCR, BUN and Cys-C were obviously increased and the proteins expression, including GRP78, CHOP and p-ERK1/2, cleaved-caspase 3 Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, were significantly upregulated in the NS group compared with the Sham group (p<0.05). The remarkable improvement of these adverse outcomes was observed in the EDR group (p<0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, we found that EDR ameliorates renal warm IRI by downregulating ERS and its downstream effectors in a rat AKI model evoked by CA/CPR. These data may provide evidence for future therapeutic benefits of EDR against AKI induced by CA/CPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yin Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jiang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hui Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yu Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Hua Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
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15
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Selenotriapine – An isostere of the most studied thiosemicarbazone with pronounced pro-apoptotic activity, low toxicity and ability to challenge phenotype reprogramming of 3-D mammary adenocarcinoma tumors. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Hseu YC, Cho HJ, Gowrisankar YV, Thiyagarajan V, Chen XZ, Lin KY, Huang HC, Yang HL. Kalantuboside B induced apoptosis and cytoprotective autophagy in human melanoma A2058 cells: An in vitro and in vivo study. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:397-411. [PMID: 31442557 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Kalantuboside B (KB), a natural bufadienolide derivative extracted from the succulent plant Kalanchoe tubiflora, is well-known for its cardiotonic, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we tested in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer efficacy with low concentrations of KB (5-30 ng/mL; 8.7-52.2 nM) on A2058 melanoma cells; and for the molecular mechanisms that underlie them. KB significantly inhibited the cell viability and colony formation via arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. There was an association with a decrease in Cyclin A/B1, Cdc25C, and Cdc2 expressions. Further, this treatment indicated the induction of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3, -8, -9, and -12 activation, and PARP cleavage, which shows that mitochondrial, death-receptor, and ER-stress signaling pathways are involved. KB-induced autophagy was apparent from enhanced LC3-II accumulation, GFP-LC3 puncta, and AVO formation. Surprisingly, KB-mediated cell death was potentiated by 3-MA and CQ to suggest the role of autophagy as a cytoprotective mechanism. Moreover, KB-treated A2058 cells enhanced intracellular ROS generation and antioxidant NAC prevented apoptosis and reversed cytoprotective autophagy. Interestingly, KB-induced apoptosis (PARP cleavage) and cytoprotective autophagy (LC3-II accumulation) were mediated by the up-regulation of the ERK signaling pathway. It was also shown that KB promoted cytoprotective autophagy by a calcium dependent-p53 downregulation pathway. In vivo data showed that KB suppressed tumor growth significantly in A2058-xenografted nude mice. A Western blot indicated cell-cycle inhibition (cyclin A reduction), apoptosis induction (PARP cleavage and Bcl-2 inhibition), and cytoprotective autophagy (LC3-II upregulation and p53 downregulation) in KB-treated A2058-xenografted mice. Our findings suggested that KB-induced ROS pathway plays a role in mediating the apoptosis and cytoprotective autophagy in human melanoma cells. Thus, KB is considered to be a putative anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Cho
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yugandhar Vudhya Gowrisankar
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Zao Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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17
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Kim KY, Hwang SK, Park SY, Kim MJ, Jun DY, Kim YH. l-Serine protects mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells against oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and apoptotic cell death. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:447-460. [PMID: 31326607 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective mechanism of l-serine against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis was investigated in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. Treatment with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ) increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS and apoptosis, without necrosis, in HT22 cells. ROS-mediated apoptosis was accompanied by the induction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, involving CHOP/GADD153 upregulation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, and caspase-12 and caspase-8 activation, and subsequent induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through BAK and BAX activation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) loss, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. However, the DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and ER stress- and mitochondrial damage-induced apoptotic events were dose-dependently suppressed by co-treatment with l-serine (7.5-20 mM). Although DMNQ reduced both the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and the ratios of reduced GSH to oxidized GSH (GSSG), the reduction was restored by co-treatment with l-serine. Co-treatment with GSH or N-acetylcysteine also blocked DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and apoptosis; however, co-treatment with the GSH synthesis inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine significantly promoted ROS-mediated apoptosis and counteracted the protection by l-serine. In HT22 cells, DMNQ treatment appeared to tilt the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance toward fission by down-regulating the levels of profusion proteins (MFN1/2 and OPA1) and inhibitory phosphorylation of profission protein DRP1 at Ser-637, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation. These DMNQ-caused alterations were prevented by l-serine. A comparison of mitochondrial energetic function between DMNQ- and DMNQ/l-serine-treated HT22 cells showed that the DMNQ-caused impairment of the mitochondrial energy generation capacity was restored by l-serine. These results demonstrate that l-serine can protect neuronal cells against oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death by contributing to intracellular antioxidant GSH synthesis and maintaining the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yun Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyeong Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Do Youn Jun
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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18
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Bjelogrlić SK, Todorović TR, Kojić M, Senćanski M, Nikolić M, Višnjevac A, Araškov J, Miljković M, Muller CD, Filipović NR. Pd(II) complexes with N-heteroaromatic hydrazone ligands: Anticancer activity, in silico and experimental target identification. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110758. [PMID: 31299379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer activity of Pd complexes 1-5 with bidentate N-heteroaromatic hydrazone ligands was investigated on human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1; cells in a suspension) and human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7; two-dimensional layer and three-dimensional spheroid tumor model) cell lines. For the Pd(II) complexes with condensation products of ethyl hydrazainoacetate and quinoline-8-carboxaldehyde (complex 1) and 2-formylpyridine (complex 3), for which apoptosis was determined as a mechanism of anticancer activity, further investigation revealed that they arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, induce generation of reactive oxygen species and inhibit Topoisomerase I in vitro. In silico studies corroborate experimental findings that these complexes show topoisomerase inhibition activity in the micromolar range and indicate binding to a DNA's minor groove as another potential target. Based on the results obtained by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements, the most active complexes are suitable to be delivered to a blood stream via human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana K Bjelogrlić
- National Cancer Research Center of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178 CNRS Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Tamara R Todorović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Kojić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, V. Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Senćanski
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Višnjevac
- Physical Chemistry Division, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jovana Araškov
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Miljković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, V. Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christian D Muller
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178 CNRS Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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19
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Salvamoser R, Brinkmann K, O'Reilly LA, Whitehead L, Strasser A, Herold MJ. Characterisation of mice lacking the inflammatory caspases-1/11/12 reveals no contribution of caspase-12 to cell death and sepsis. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:1124-1137. [PMID: 30154447 PMCID: PMC6748106 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspases exert critical functions in diverse cell death pathways, including apoptosis and pyroptosis, but some caspases also have roles in the processing of cytokines into their functional forms during inflammation. The roles of many caspases have been unravelled by the generation of knockout mice, but still very little is known about the overlapping functions of caspases as only a few studies report on double or triple caspase knockout mice. For example, the functions of caspase-12 in cell death and inflammation, on its own or overlapping with the functions of caspase-1 and caspase-11, are only poorly understood. Therefore, we generated a novel mutant mouse strain lacking all three inflammatory caspases, caspases-1, -11 and -12. Analysis under steady state conditions showed no obvious differences between caspase-1/11/12-/- and wildtype (WT) mice. Since caspases-1 and -11 are involved in endotoxic shock, we analysed the response of caspase-1/11/12-/- mice to high-dose LPS injection. Interestingly, we could not detect any differences in responses between caspase-1/11/12-/- mice vs. caspase-1/11 double knockout mice. Furthermore, cell lines generated from caspase-1/11/12-/- mice showed no differences in their apoptotic or necroptotic responses to a diverse set of cytotoxic drugs in vitro when compared to WT cells. Importantly, these drugs also included ER stress-inducing agents, such as thapsigargin and tunicamycin, a form of cell death for which a critical pro-apoptotic function of caspase-12 has previously been reported. Additionally, we found no differences between caspase-1/11/12-/- and WT mice in their in vivo responses to the ER stress-inducing agent, tunicamycin. Collectively, these findings reveal that caspase-12 does not have readily recognisable overlapping roles with caspases-1 and -11 in the inflammatory response induced by LPS and in necroptosis and apoptosis induced by diverse cytotoxic agents, including the ones that elicit ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranja Salvamoser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kerstin Brinkmann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lorraine A O'Reilly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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20
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Wiberg R, Novikova LN, Kingham PJ. Evaluation of apoptotic pathways in dorsal root ganglion neurons following peripheral nerve injury. Neuroreport 2019; 29:779-785. [PMID: 29659443 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries induce significant sensory neuronal cell death in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG); however, the role of specific apoptotic pathways is still unclear. In this study, we performed peripheral nerve transection on adult rats, after which the corresponding DRGs were harvested at 7, 14, and 28 days after injury for subsequent molecular analyses with quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Nerve injury led to increased levels of caspase-3 mRNA and active caspase-3 protein in the DRG. Increased expression of caspase-8, caspase-12, caspase-7, and calpain suggested that both the extrinsic and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathways were activated. Phosphorylation of protein kinase R-like ER kinase further implied the involvement of ER-stress in the DRG. Phosphorylated protein kinase R-like ER kinase was most commonly associated with isolectin B4 (IB4)-positive neurons in the DRG and this may provide an explanation for the increased susceptibility of these neurons to die following nerve injury, likely in part because of an activation of the ER-stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wiberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy.,Department of Surgical & Perioperative Sciences, Section of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Paul J Kingham
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy
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21
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Staphylococcal Superantigens: Pyrogenic Toxins Induce Toxic Shock. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11030178. [PMID: 30909619 PMCID: PMC6468478 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus are potent activators of the immune system. These protein toxins bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCRs), resulting in the activation of both monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes. The bridging of TCRs with MHC class II molecules by superantigens triggers an early “cytokine storm” and massive polyclonal T-cell proliferation. Proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, interferon γ (IFNγ), and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 elicit fever, inflammation, multiple organ injury, hypotension, and lethal shock. Upon MHC/TCR ligation, superantigens induce signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades and cytokine receptor signaling, which results in NFκB activation and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. In addition, gene profiling studies have revealed the essential roles of innate antimicrobial defense genes in the pathogenesis of SEB. The genes expressed in a murine model of SEB-induced shock include intracellular DNA/RNA sensors, apoptosis/DNA damage-related molecules, endoplasmic reticulum/mitochondrial stress responses, immunoproteasome components, and IFN-stimulated genes. This review focuses on the signaling pathways induced by superantigens that lead to the activation of inflammation and damage response genes. The induction of these damage response genes provides evidence that SEB induces danger signals in host cells, resulting in multiorgan injury and toxic shock. Therapeutics targeting both host inflammatory and cell death pathways can potentially mitigate the toxic effects of staphylococcal superantigens.
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Zhu J, Xu S, Gao W, Feng J, Zhao G. Honokiol induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Life Sci 2019; 221:204-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Sun Y, Sun L. Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Ganoderma (Lingzhi) Against Tumor. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1182:79-118. [PMID: 31777015 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9421-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer potential of Ganoderma (Lingzhi) and its extracts has been widely demonstrated, including antiproliferative and apoptosis inductive, antimetastatic, antiangiogenic, and multidrug resistance reversional activities, involving a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms besides antitumor immunology. Intrinsic- and extrinsic-initiated apoptotic pathway in association with cell cycle arresting, telomerase inhibiting, autophagy, and oxidative stress is involved in the antiproliferative and apoptosis inductive activities of Ganoderma and its extracts. The inhibition of tumor cell adhesion, invasion, and migration by Ganoderma and its extracts involves molecular mechanisms such as AP-1, NF-κB, MMP, cadherin, β-integrin, c-Met, FAK, EMT, and so on. Targeting the major pro-angiogenic stimulus, VEGF, and its receptor contributes to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by Ganoderma and its extracts. Inhibition against the ATP-dependent transmembrane drug transporter such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the surface of resistant tumor cells to prevent reduction of the intracellular accumulation of anticancer drugs by pumping out the drugs plays an important role in the activities of Ganoderma and its extracts to reverse tumor cell multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.
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24
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Al-Hrout A, Chaiboonchoe A, Khraiwesh B, Murali C, Baig B, El-Awady R, Tarazi H, Alzahmi A, Nelson DR, Greish YE, Ramadan W, Salehi-Ashtiani K, Amin A. Safranal induces DNA double-strand breakage and ER-stress-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16951. [PMID: 30446676 PMCID: PMC6240095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor prognoses remain the most challenging aspect of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Consequently, alternative therapeutics are essential to control HCC. This study investigated the anticancer effects of safranal against HCC using in vitro, in silico, and network analyses. Cell cycle and immunoblot analyses of key regulators of cell cycle, DNA damage repair and apoptosis demonstrated unique safranal-mediated cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase at 6 and 12 h, and at S-phase at 24 h, and a pronounced effect on DNA damage machinery. Safranal also showed pro-apoptotic effect through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic initiator caspases; indicating ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Gene set enrichment analysis provided consistent findings where UPR is among the top terms of up-regulated genes in response to safranal treatment. Thus, proteins involved in ER stress were regulated through safranal treatment to induce UPR in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a Al-Hrout
- Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Amphun Chaiboonchoe
- Laboratory of Algal, Synthetic, and Systems Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Basel Khraiwesh
- Laboratory of Algal, Synthetic, and Systems Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Chandraprabha Murali
- Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Badriya Baig
- Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Amnah Alzahmi
- Laboratory of Algal, Synthetic, and Systems Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - David R Nelson
- Laboratory of Algal, Synthetic, and Systems Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Wafaa Ramadan
- College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Laboratory of Algal, Synthetic, and Systems Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Amr Amin
- Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, UAE.
- Zoology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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25
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Weissmann M, Bhattacharya U, Feld S, Hammond E, Ilan N, Vlodavsky I. The heparanase inhibitor PG545 is a potent anti-lymphoma drug: Mode of action. Matrix Biol 2018; 77:58-72. [PMID: 30096360 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is now well recognized that heparanase, an endo-β-D-glucuronidase capable of cleaving heparan sulfate (HS) side chains at a limited number of sites, promotes tumorigenesis by diverse mechanisms. Compelling evidence strongly implies that heparanase is a viable target for cancer therapy, thus encouraging the development of heparanase inhibitors as anti-cancer therapeutics. Here, we examined the efficacy and mode of action of PG545, an HS-mimetic heparanase inhibitor, in human lymphoma. We found that PG545 exhibits a strong anti-lymphoma effect, eliciting lymphoma cell apoptosis. Notably, this anti-lymphoma effect involves ER stress response that was accompanied by increased autophagy. The persistent ER stress evoked by PG545 is held responsible for cell apoptosis because apoptotic cell death was attenuated by an inhibitor of PERK, a molecular effector of ER stress. Importantly, PG545 had no such apoptotic effect on naïve splenocytes, further encouraging the development of this compound as anti-lymphoma drug. Surprisingly, we found that PG545 also elicits apoptosis in lymphoma cells that are devoid of heparanase activity (i.e., Raji), indicating that the drug also exerts heparanase-independent function(s) that together underlie the high potency of PG545 in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Weissmann
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Udayan Bhattacharya
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sari Feld
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Neta Ilan
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Israel Vlodavsky
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
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26
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Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cell via endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent mitochondrial pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 292:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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The PGRS Domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE_PGRS Protein Rv0297 Is Involved in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis through Toll-Like Receptor 4. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.01017-18. [PMID: 29921671 PMCID: PMC6016250 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01017-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causal organism of tuberculosis (TB), encodes a unique protein family known as the PE/PPE/PGRS family, present exclusively in the genus Mycobacterium and nowhere else in the living kingdom, with largely unexplored functions. We describe the functional significance of the PGRS domain of Rv0297, a member of this family. In silico analyses revealed the presence of intrinsically disordered stretches and putative endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization signals in the PGRS domain of Rv0297 (Rv0297PGRS). The PGRS domain aids in ER localization, which was shown by infecting macrophage cells with M. tuberculosis and by overexpressing the protein by transfection in macrophage cells followed by activation of the unfolded protein response, as evident from increased expression of GRP78/GRP94 and CHOP/ATF4, leading to disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and increased nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The consequent activation of the effector caspase-8 resulted in apoptosis of macrophages, which was Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) dependent. Administration of recombinant Rv0297PGRS (rRv0297PGRS) also exhibited similar effects. These results implicate a hitherto-unknown role of the PGRS domain of the PE_PGRS protein family in ER stress-mediated cell death through TLR4. Since this protein is already known to be present at later stages of infection in human granulomas it points to the possibility of it being employed by M. tuberculosis for its dissemination via an apoptotic mechanism. Apoptosis is generally thought to be a defense mechanism in protecting the host against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in early stages of infection. However, apoptosis during later stages in lung granulomas may favor the bacterium in disseminating the disease. ER stress has been found to induce apoptosis in TB granulomas, in zones where apoptotic macrophages accumulate in mice and humans. In this study, we report ER stress-mediated apoptosis of host cells by the Rv0297-encoded PE_PGRS5 protein of M. tuberculosis exceptionally present in the pathogenic Mycobacterium genus. The PGRS domain of Rv0297 aids the protein in localizing to the ER and induces the unfolded protein response followed by apoptosis of macrophages. The effect of the Rv0297PGRS domain was found to be TLR4 dependent. This study presents novel insights on the strategies employed by M. tuberculosis to disseminate the disease.
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28
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Liang Y, Cao X, Ding Q, Zhao Y, He Z, Zhong J. Hepatitis C virus NS4B induces the degradation of TRIF to inhibit TLR3-mediated interferon signaling pathway. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007075. [PMID: 29782532 PMCID: PMC5983870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) senses dsRNA intermediates produced during RNA virus replication to activate innate immune signaling pathways through adaptor protein TRIF. Many viruses have evolved strategies to block TLR3-mediated interferon signaling via targeting TRIF. Here we studied how hepatitis C virus (HCV) antagonizes the TLR3-mediated interferon signaling. We found that HCV-encoded NS4B protein inhibited TLR3-mediated interferon signaling by down-regulating TRIF protein level. Mechanism studies indicated that the downregulation of TRIF by NS4B was dependent on caspase8. NS4B transfection or HCV infection can activate caspase8 to promote TRIF degradation, leading to suppression of TLR3-mediated interferon signaling. Knockout of caspase8 can prevent TRIF degradation triggered by NS4B, thereby enhancing the TLR3-mediated interferon signaling activation in response to HCV infection. In conclusion, our work revealed a new mechanism for HCV to evade innate immune response by blocking the TLR3-mediated interferon signaling via NS4B-induced TRIF degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisha Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuezhi Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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29
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Nowotny K, Castro JP, Hugo M, Braune S, Weber D, Pignitter M, Somoza V, Bornhorst J, Schwerdtle T, Grune T. Oxidants produced by methylglyoxal-modified collagen trigger ER stress and apoptosis in skin fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:102-113. [PMID: 29550330 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive dicarbonyl, interacts with proteins to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs include a variety of compounds which were shown to have damaging potential and to accumulate in the course of different conditions such as diabetes mellitus and aging. After confirming collagen as a main target for MG modifications in vivo within the extracellular matrix, we show here that MG-collagen disrupts fibroblast redox homeostasis and induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. In particular, MG-collagen-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of the PERK-eIF2α pathway and caspase-12. MG-collagen contributes to altered redox homeostasis by directly generating hydrogen peroxide and oxygen-derived free radicals. The induction of ER stress in human fibroblasts was confirmed using collagen extracts isolated from old mice in which MG-derived AGEs were enriched. In conclusion, MG-derived AGEs represent one factor contributing to diminished fibroblast function during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Nowotny
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martín Hugo
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine Braune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14458 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemisty, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemisty, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14458 Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14458 Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
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30
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Gareau A, Rico C, Boerboom D, Nadeau ME. In vitro efficacy of a first-generation valosin-containing protein inhibitor (CB-5083) against canine lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:311-317. [PMID: 29314493 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP), through its critical role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis, is a promising target for the treatment of several malignancies, including canine lymphoma. CB-5083, a first-in-class VCP inhibitor, exerts cytotoxicity through the induction of irreversible proteotoxic stress and possesses a broad spectrum of anticancer activity. Here, we determined the cytotoxicity CB-5083 in canine lymphoma cells and its mechanism of action in vitro. Canine lymphoma cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of CB-5083 and assessed for viability by trypan blue exclusion and apoptosis by caspase activity assays. The mechanism of CB-5083 action was determined by immunoblotting and RT-qPCR analyses of Lys48 ubiquitination and markers of ER stress (DDIT3), autophagy (SQSTM1, MAP1LC3A) and DNA damage (γH2AX). Unfolded protein response markers were also evaluated by immunoblotting (eIF2α, P-eIF2α) and RT-qPCR (ATF4). CB-5083 treatment resulted in preferential cytotoxicity in canine lymphoma cell lines over control peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CB-5083 rapidly disrupted the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system, inducing sustained ER stress as indicated by a dramatic increase in DDIT3. Activation of the unfolded protein response occurred through the increase eIF2α phosphorylation and increased transcription of ATF4, but did not re-establish protein homeostasis. Cells rapidly underwent apoptosis through activation of the caspase cascade. These results further validate VCP as an attractive target for the treatment of canine lymphoma and identify CB-5083 as a novel therapy with clinical potential for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gareau
- Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2C 7C6
| | - C Rico
- Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2C 7C6
| | - D Boerboom
- Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2C 7C6
| | - M-E Nadeau
- Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2C 7C6
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31
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Ronellenfitsch MW, Oh J, Satomi K, Sumi K, Harter PN, Steinbach JP, Felsberg J, Capper D, Voegele C, Durand G, McKay J, Le Calvez‐Kelm F, Schittenhelm J, Klink B, Mittelbronn M, Ohgaki H. CASP9 germline mutation in a family with multiple brain tumors. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:94-102. [PMID: 27935156 PMCID: PMC8028618 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel CASP9 germline mutation that may increase susceptibility to the development of brain tumors. We identified this mutation in a family in which three brain tumors had developed within three generations, including two anaplastic astrocytomas occurring in cousins. The cousins were diagnosed at similar ages (29 and 31 years), and their tumors showed similar histological features. Genetic analysis revealed somatic IDH1 and TP53 mutations in both tumors. However, no germline TP53 mutations were detected, despite the fact that this family fulfills the criteria of Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome. Whole exome sequencing revealed a germline stop-gain mutation (R65X) in the CASP9 gene, which encodes caspase-9, a key molecule for the p53-dependent mitochondrial death pathway. This mutation was also detected in DNA extracted from blood samples from the two siblings who were each a parent of one of the affected cousins. Caspase-9 immunohistochemistry showed the absence of caspase-9 immunoreactivity in the anaplastic astrocytomas and normal brain tissues of the cousins. These observations suggest that CASP9 germline mutations may have played a role at least in part to the susceptibility of development of gliomas in this Li-Fraumeni-like family lacking a TP53 germline mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Ronellenfitsch
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Ji‐Eun Oh
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | - Kaishi Satomi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | - Koichiro Sumi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | - Patrick N. Harter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Joachim P. Steinbach
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jörg Felsberg
- Department of NeuropathologyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Department of NeuropathologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit NeuropathologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Geoffroy Durand
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | | | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard‐Karls University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU DresdenInstitute for Clinical Genetics, DresdenGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)DresdenGermany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT)DresdenGermany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Hiroko Ohgaki
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
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32
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Gao C, Tian Y, Zhang R, Jing J, Zhang X. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Directed Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Quantitive Detection of Basal H2O2. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12945-12950. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of
the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of
the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rubo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of
the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of
the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of
the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Takaguri A, Kubo T, Mori M, Satoh K. The protective role of YAP1 on ER stress-induced cell death in vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:470-477. [PMID: 28951205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis, especially in vascular remodelling and plaque rupture. Although it is known that Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a critical molecule that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, the role of YAP1 in VSMCs apoptosis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated whether YAP1 modulates VSMC apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In cultured VSMC, tunicamycin caused cell death accompanied by an increase in caspase-3 processing and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression. YAP1 protein expression was downregulated by tunicamycin and the phosphorylation of YAP1 at the Ser127 site was significantly increased by tunicamycin. Tunicamycin further decreased cell viability followed by an increase in caspase-3 processing in the absence of YAP1 when compared with treatment only with tunicamycin or siYAP1. On the other hand, overexpression of a constitutively active YAP1 (YAP1-5SA), which lacks five serine phosphorylation sites, significantly prevented the caspase-3 processing and restored the decrease in cell viability induced by tunicamycin. Overexpression of YAP1-5SA significantly inhibited tunicamycin-induced caspase-8 processing without affecting phosphorylation of p-38 and Akt. Furthermore, the overexpression of YAP1-5SA significantly restored the decrease in ANKRD1 expression induced by tunicamycin. The inhibition of tunicamycin-induced caspase-3 cleavage by YAP1-5SA was markedly attenuated in ANKRD1-knockdown cells. These results demonstrate that ER stress can alter intracellular YAP1 protein expression in VSMCs and that YAP1 is protective against VSMC apoptosis induced by ER stress through inhibiting caspase8/3 activation mediated in part by upregulation of ANKRD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takaguri
- Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Masaya Mori
- Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Kumi Satoh
- Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan.
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White MM, Geraghty P, Hayes E, Cox S, Leitch W, Alfawaz B, Lavelle GM, McElvaney OJ, Flannery R, Keenan J, Meleady P, Henry M, Clynes M, Gunaratnam C, McElvaney NG, Reeves EP. Neutrophil Membrane Cholesterol Content is a Key Factor in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. EBioMedicine 2017; 23:173-184. [PMID: 28835336 PMCID: PMC5605378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of mechanisms promoting neutrophil trafficking to the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a challenge for next generation therapeutics. Cholesterol, a structural component of neutrophil plasma membranes influences cell adhesion, a key step in transmigration. The effect of chronic inflammation on neutrophil membrane cholesterol content in patients with CF (PWCF) remains unclear. To address this we examined neutrophils of PWCF to evaluate the cause and consequence of altered membrane cholesterol and identified the effects of lung transplantation and ion channel potentiator therapy on the cellular mechanisms responsible for perturbed membrane cholesterol and increased cell adhesion. Methodology PWCF homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation or heterozygous for the G551D mutation were recruited (n = 48). Membrane protein expression was investigated by mass spectrometry. The effect of lung transplantation or ivacaftor therapy was assessed by ELISAs, and calcium fluorometric and μ-calpain assays. Findings Membranes of CF neutrophils contain less cholesterol, yet increased integrin CD11b expression, and respond to inflammatory induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating μ-calpain. In vivo and in vitro, increased μ-calpain activity resulted in proteolysis of the membrane cholesterol trafficking protein caveolin-1. The critical role of caveolin-1 for adequate membrane cholesterol content was confirmed in caveolin-1 knock-out mice. Lung transplant therapy or treatment of PWCF with ivacaftor, reduced levels of circulating inflammatory mediators and actuated increased caveolin-1 and membrane cholesterol, with concurrent normalized neutrophil adhesion. Interpretation Results demonstrate an auxiliary benefit of lung transplant and potentiator therapy, evident by a reduction in circulating inflammation and controlled neutrophil adhesion. This study explored neutrophil adhesion in cystic fibrosis. Altered membrane cholesterol lead to increased adhesion. Circulating inflammatory mediators caused increased calpain activity and reduced membrane cholesterol content.
In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic inflammation in the circulation, in part originating from the pulmonary compartment, leads to decreased membrane cholesterol in circulating neutrophils, resulting in increased cell adhesion. The mechanism of action involves proteolytic down-regulation of the cholesterol trafficking protein caveolin-1. The overall effect of lung transplant therapy, or CFTR potentiator treatment, was to significantly diminish the circulating inflammatory burden thereby permitting caveolin-1 expression, with concomitant decreased CF cell adhesion and significant clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M White
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Hayes
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Stephen Cox
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - William Leitch
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Bader Alfawaz
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Gillian M Lavelle
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Oliver J McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ryan Flannery
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland; Coláiste Dhúlaigh College of Further Education, Dublin 17, Ireland
| | - Joanne Keenan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Cedric Gunaratnam
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Emer P Reeves
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Krakauer T. FDA-approved immunosuppressants targeting staphylococcal superantigens: mechanisms and insights. Immunotargets Ther 2017; 6:17-29. [PMID: 28497030 PMCID: PMC5423536 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s125429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunostimulating staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins cause diseases in human beings and laboratory animals by hyperactivating cells of the immune system. These protein toxins bind to the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules and specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCRs), resulting in the stimulation of both monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes. The bridging of TCR with MHC II molecules by superantigens triggers intracellular signaling cascades, resulting in excessive release of proinflammatory mediators and massive polyclonal T-cell proliferation. The early induction of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 promotes fever, inflammation, and multiple organ injury. The signal transduction pathways for staphylococcal superantigen-induced toxicity downstream from TCR/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ligation and interaction of cell surface co-stimulatory molecules include the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades and cytokine receptor signaling, activating nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Knowledge of host regulation within these activated pathways and molecules initiated by SEB and other superantigens enables the selection of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs to interrupt and prevent superantigen-induced shock in animal models. This review focuses on the use of FDA-approved immunosuppressants in targeting the signaling pathways induced by staphylococcal superantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Krakauer
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
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Ben Salem I, Boussabbeh M, Prola A, Guilbert A, Bacha H, Lemaire C, Abid-Essefi S. Crocin protects human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) from α- and β-Zearalenol-induced ER stress and apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15504-15514. [PMID: 27121014 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
α-zearalenol (α-ZOL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZOL) are the major metabolites of Zearalenone (ZEN) and are known to induce many toxic effects. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in α- and β-ZOL-mediated toxicity in human kidney cells (HEK293) and evaluated the effect of a common dietary compound Crocin (CRO), from saffron. We show that α- and β-ZOL treatment induces ER stress as evidenced by the upregulation of the 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and the Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34). Activation of the ER stress response is associated with activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. This apoptotic process is characterized by an increase in ROS generation and lipid peroxidation, a loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) and activation of caspases. We also demonstrate that the antioxidant properties of CRO help to prevent ER stress and reduce α- and β-ZOL-induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells. Our results suggest that saffron consumption might be helpful to prevent α- and β-ZOL-induced ER stress and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intidhar Ben Salem
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Boussabbeh
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Christophe Lemaire
- INSERM UMR-S 769, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Guruvayoorappan C, Kuttan G. Apoptotic Effect of Biophytum sensitivum on B16F-10 Cells and Its Regulatory Effects on Nitric Oxide and Cytokine Production on Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 6:373-80. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735407309484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is part of a large-scale investigation of the antitumor effects of Biophytum sensitivum on B16F-10 melanoma cells. The investigation involved the regulatory effect of B sensitivum on nitric oxide and cytokine production in B16F-10 cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and peritoneal macrophages as well as on the apoptotic process in B16F-10 melanoma cells. B sensitivum at a concentration of 10 µg/mL could significantly ( P < .001) inhibit production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-α in B16F-10 cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and peritoneal macrophages. Incubation of B16F-10 cells with B sensitivum showed the presence of apoptotic bodies and induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, B sensitivum showed an inhibitory effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase as well as bcl-2 expression, and up-regulated p53 and caspase-3 messenger RNA expression in B16F-10 melanoma cells. The observed results suggest that regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production by tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and resident macrophages accompanied by altered inducible nitric oxide synthase, bcl-2, caspase-3, and p53 messenger RNA expression by B sensitivum methanol extract induces apoptosis in B16F-10 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Guruvayoorappan
- Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Girija Kuttan
- Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India,
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Morishima N, Nakanishi K. Proplatelet formation in megakaryocytes is associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress. Genes Cells 2016; 21:798-806. [PMID: 27296088 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies suggest that proplatelet formation in megakaryocytes involves caspase-3, the mechanism underlying the activation of caspase-3 is unknown. Here, we analyzed caspase activation in a human megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-01, which forms proplatelets spontaneously. Specific activation of caspase-3 and caspase-4 was found in proplatelets. Consistent with previous observations of caspase-4 autoactivation in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, several ER stress marker proteins were expressed during proplatelet formation. A pharmacological ER stressor enhanced platelet production via proplatelet formation, whereas inhibition of caspase-4 caused suppression. These results suggest that ER stress is a mechanism underlying the maturation of megakaryocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Morishima
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakanishi
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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Wan Nor Hafiza WAG, Yazan LS, Tor YS, Foo JB, Armania N, Rahman HS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial dysregulation in HeLa cells treated with dichloromethane extract of Dillenia suffruticosa. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S86-95. [PMID: 27041866 PMCID: PMC4792007 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extract of Dillenia suffruticosa (EADS and DCMDS, respectively) can be a potential anticancer agent. The effects of EADS and DCMDS on the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells and the expression of apoptotic-related proteins had been investigated in vitro. Cytotoxicity of the extracts toward the cells was determined by 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, the effects on cell cycle progression and the mode of cell death were analyzed by flow cytometry technique, while the effects on apoptotic-related genes and proteins were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Treatment with DCMDS inhibited (P < 0.05) proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. The expression of cyclin B1 was downregulated that led to G2/M arrest in the cells after treatment with DCMDA. In summary, DCMDS induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic pathway and dysregulation of mitochondria. The data suggest the potential application of DCMDS in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Abd Ghani Wan Nor Hafiza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; College of Medical Laboratory Technology, Institute for Medical Research, Jin Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Latifah Saiful Yazan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin Sim Tor
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurdin Armania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Krakauer T, Pradhan K, Stiles BG. Staphylococcal Superantigens Spark Host-Mediated Danger Signals. Front Immunol 2016; 7:23. [PMID: 26870039 PMCID: PMC4735405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) of Staphylococcus aureus, and related superantigenic toxins produced by myriad microbes, are potent stimulators of the immune system causing a variety of human diseases from transient food poisoning to lethal toxic shock. These protein toxins bind directly to specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II on antigen-presenting cells, resulting in hyperactivation of T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Activated host cells produce excessive amounts of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, especially tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, interferon γ (IFNγ), and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 causing clinical symptoms of fever, hypotension, and shock. Because of superantigen-induced T cells skewed toward TH1 helper cells, and the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, superantigens can exacerbate autoimmune diseases. Upon TCR/MHC ligation, pathways induced by superantigens include the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades and cytokine receptor signaling, resulting in activation of NFκB and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Various mouse models exist to study SEB-induced shock including those with potentiating agents, transgenic mice and an “SEB-only” model. However, therapeutics to treat toxic shock remain elusive as host response genes central to pathogenesis of superantigens have only been identified recently. Gene profiling of a murine model for SEB-induced shock reveals novel molecules upregulated in multiple organs not previously associated with SEB-induced responses. The pivotal genes include intracellular DNA/RNA sensors, apoptosis/DNA damage-related molecules, immunoproteasome components, as well as antiviral and IFN-stimulated genes. The host-wide induction of these, and other, antimicrobial defense genes provide evidence that SEB elicits danger signals resulting in multi-organ damage and toxic shock. Ultimately, these discoveries might lead to novel therapeutics for various superantigen-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Krakauer
- Department of Immunology, Molecular Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick , Frederick, MD , USA
| | - Kisha Pradhan
- Biology Department, Wilson College , Chambersburg, PA , USA
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Jiao Y, Ma S, Wang Y, Li J, Shan L, Liu Q, Liu Y, Song Q, Yu F, Yu H, Liu H, Huang L, Chen J. N-Acetyl Cysteine Depletes Reactive Oxygen Species and Prevents Dental Monomer-Induced Intrinsic Mitochondrial Apoptosis In Vitro in Human Dental Pulp Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147858. [PMID: 26808507 PMCID: PMC4726696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the involvement of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis in dental monomer-induced cytotoxicity and the influences of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on this process. Methods Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) were exposed to several dental monomers in the absence or presence of NAC, and cell viability, intracellular redox balance, morphology and function of mitochondria and key indicators of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis were evaluated using various commercial kits. Results Dental monomers exerted dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on hDPCs. Concomitant to the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion of glutathione (GSH), differential changes in activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were detected. Apoptosis, as indicated by positive Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and activation of caspase-3, was observed after dental monomer treatment. Dental monomers impaired the morphology and function of mitochondria, and induced intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis in hDPCs via up-regulation of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and down-regulation of Bcl-2. NAC restored cell viability, relieved oxidative stress and blocked the apoptotic effects of dental monomers. Conclusions Dental monomers induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial intrinsic apoptosis in hDPCs. NAC could reduce the oxidative stress and thus protect hDPCs against dental monomer-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Sai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Lequn Shan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Haohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General and Emergency, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Wemmert S, Lindner Y, Linxweiler J, Wagenpfeil S, Bohle R, Niewald M, Schick B. Initial evidence for Sec62 as a prognostic marker in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1661-1670. [PMID: 26998059 PMCID: PMC4774472 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy with an increasing incidence. To aid with the selection of the most appropriate therapy, biomarkers have become a specific research focus. Sec62 is involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress tolerance and cell migration, and has been identified as a novel prognostic marker for non-small cell lung cancer. In addition, Sec62 may be a promising candidate in HNSCC. Pretreatment biopsies of 35 patients with locally advanced HNSCC, who were treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy without prior surgery, were examined for the expression of Sec62 protein, as well as the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p16 and survivin proteins. Immunohistological results were correlated with patient overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) times. In the present patient cohort, 12/35 cases (34%) demonstrated strong and 8/35 cases (23%) moderate Sec62 staining intensity. Additionally, in 11/35 cases (31%), weak staining was observed, and only 4/35 cases (11%) were Sec62-negative. Notably, a high Sec62 protein level was associated with a significantly poorer OS and PFS (P=0.020 and P=0.028, respectively). Furthermore, higher nuclear survivin expression showed a weak trend for poorer OS rate (P=0.079), whilst neither cytoplasmic survivin, EGFR nor p16 influenced OS or PFS significantly. The present study indicated that Sec62 is a promising prognostic marker for HNSCC. Increased Sec62 protein expression may indicate a poorer prognosis in advanced HNSCC. As the present study was focused on patients treated by chemoradiation therapy, further studies with larger patient cohorts and alternative treatment approaches are required in order to define the prognostic value of Sec62 in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Wemmert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Yasmin Lindner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Institute of Medical Biometrics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics (IMBEI), Saarland University, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Rainer Bohle
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Marcus Niewald
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
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Park SY, Park C, Park SH, Hong SH, Kim GY, Hong SH, Choi YH. Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extract of Evodia rutaecarpa in HeLa human cervical cancer cells via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Biosci Trends 2016; 10:467-476. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2016.01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Science, Jeju National University
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine
| | - Yung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
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Filipović NR, Bjelogrlić S, Todorović TR, Blagojević VA, Muller CD, Marinković A, Vujčić M, Janović B, Malešević AS, Begović N, Senćanski M, Minić DM. Ni(ii) complex with bishydrazone ligand: synthesis, characterization, DNA binding studies and pro-apoptotic and pro-differentiation induction in human cancerous cell lines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A new Ni(ii) complex, [Ni(L)(H2O)] (1), with diethyl 3,3′-(2,2′-(1,1′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(ethan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(hydrazin-1-yl-2-ylidene))bis(3-oxopropanoate) ligand (H2L) was synthesized as a potential chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christian D. Muller
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
- UMR 7178 CNRS Université de Strasbourg
- 67401 Illkirch
- France
| | | | - Miroslava Vujčić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Barbara Janović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | | | - Nebojša Begović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Milan Senćanski
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences ”Vinča”
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Dragica M. Minić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
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45
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Božić A, Marinković A, Bjelogrlić S, Todorović TR, Cvijetić IN, Novaković I, Muller CD, Filipović NR. Quinoline based mono- and bis-(thio)carbohydrazones: synthesis, anticancer activity in 2D and 3D cancer and cancer stem cell models. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23940d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Study of antitumor activity of mono- and bis-quinoline based (thio)carbohydrazones on THP-1 and AsPC-1 cancer stem cells, revealed that thiocarbohydrazones had superior pro-apoptotic activity than carbohydrazones with multi-target profile activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Božić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Ilija N. Cvijetić
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Irena Novaković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Christian D. Muller
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
- UMR 7178
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67401 Illkirch
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46
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Kudelko M, Chan CWL, Sharma R, Yao Q, Lau E, Chu IK, Cheah KSE, Tanner JA, Chan D. Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Survival Mechanisms Developed by Hypertrophic Chondrocytes under ER Stress. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:86-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rakesh Sharma
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
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47
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Zhang Y, Huang F, Wang J, Luo H, Wang Z. 2-DG-Regulated RIP and c-FLIP Effect on Liver Cancer Cell Apoptosis Induced by TRAIL. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3442-8. [PMID: 26552967 PMCID: PMC4646230 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cells survival depends on glucose metabolism and ATP. Inhibiting glucose metabolism is a possible anticancer treatment. The phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), which is a glycogen analogue, seriously affects the normal glycometabolism phosphorylation process, leading to ATP consumption. Studies showed that 2-DG could regulate RIP and c-FLIP. This paper aimed to investigate the effect of 2-DG on RIP and c-FLIP expression in HepG2 and Hep3B cells, further illustrating the effect and mechanism of 2-DG regulating RIP and c-FLIP expression on liver cancer cell apoptosis induced by TRAIL. Material/Methods RIP and c-FLIP gene silencing HepG2 and Hep3B cell models were established by siRNA and detected by Western blot. Cell viability was determined by MTT and apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. JC-1 fluorescent probe was used to test mitochondrial membrane potential. Results 2-DG or TRAIL alone significantly reduced HepG2 and Hep3B cell survival rate and promoted apoptosis. Compared with the single TRAIL treatment group, the combination of 2-DG and TRAIL could reduce cell survival rate, increase apoptosis rate, and decease mitochondrial membrane potential, which is dependent on Caspases. 2-DG can inhibit RIP and c-FLIP expression, leading to increased TRAIL-induced HepG2 and Hep3B cells apoptosis. Conclusions 2-DG can down-regulate RIP and c-FLIP expression, and change Caspases activities to increase the liver cancer cell apoptosis induced by TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- Department of Normal Surgical, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of Normal Surgical, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Normal Surgical, Genetics Research Room of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Hongwu Luo
- Department of Normal Surgical, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Normal Surgical, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
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Jiao Y, Ma S, Li J, Shan L, Wang Y, Tian M, Yang Y, Sun J, Ban J, Chen J. N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)-Directed Detoxification of Methacryloxylethyl Cetyl Ammonium Chloride (DMAE-CB). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135815. [PMID: 26274909 PMCID: PMC4537128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Methacryloxylethyl cetyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB) is a polymerizable antibacterial monomer and has been proved as an effective strategy to achieve bioactive bonding with reliable bacterial inhibitory effects. However, the toxicity of DMAE-CB may hamper its wide application in clinical situations. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the toxicity of DMAE-CB and explore the possible protective effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis showed that chemical binding of NAC and DMAE-CB occurred in a time dependent manner. Pre-incubation of fourty-eight hours is required for adequate reaction between DMAE-CB and NAC. DMAE-CB reduced human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) viability in a dose-dependent manner. The toxic effects of DMAE-CB were accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. NAC alleviated DMAE-CB-induced oxidative stress. Annexin V/ Propidium Iodide (PI) staining and Hoechst 33342 staining indicated that DMAE-CB induced apoptosis. Collapsed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and activation of caspase-3 were also observed after DMAE-CB treatment. NAC rescued hDPCs from DMAE-CB-induced apoptosis, accompanied by lower level of MMP loss and caspase-3 activity. This study assists to elucidate the mechanism underlying the cytotoxic effects of DMAE-CB and provides theoretical supports for the searching of effective strategies to reduce toxicity of quaternary ammonium dental monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Sai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Lequn Shan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General and Emergency, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jinlong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jinghao Ban
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Roles of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in selenium deficiency-induced apoptosis in chicken liver. Biometals 2015; 28:255-65. [PMID: 25773464 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are involved in different types of stress-induced injuries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Se deficiency on oxidative stress, ER stress and apoptosis in chicken livers. Chickens (1 day old, n = 180) were randomly divided into two groups: the L group [fed with a Se-deficient (Se 0.033 mg/kg) diet] and the control group [fed with a normal (Se 0.2 mg/kg) diet]. Factor-associated oxidative stress, catalase (CAT) activity, H2O2 production and the inhibition of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the chicken liver were determined on days 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65, respectively. In addition, ER stress-related genes (GRP78, GRP94, ATF4, ATF6 and IRE) and apoptosis-related genes (caspase3 and Bcl-2) were examined by fluorescence quantitative PCR or western blot analysis. Apoptosis levels were also measured using ultrastructural observations and the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay. The results showed that CAT activity and ·OH inhibition were decreased and that H2O2 production was increased in the low-Se group, which demonstrated that oxidative stress occurred in the chicken liver. The ER stress-related genes (GRP78, GRP94, ATF4, ATF6 and IRE) and the apoptosis-related gene caspase3 were increased (p < 0.05), while Bcl-2 was decreased (p < 0.05) by Se deficiency. In addition, apoptosis and ER lesions were observed by ultrastructural observations of the chicken liver in the low-Se group. The level of apoptosis and the number of apoptotic cells increased with time. These results indicated that the oxidative-ER stress pathway participates in Se deficiency-induced apoptosis in the chicken liver.
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50
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Ercan S, Kencebay C, Basaranlar G, Derin N, Aslan M. Induction of xanthine oxidase activity, endoplasmic reticulum stress and caspase activation by sodium metabisulfite in rat liver and their attenuation by Ghrelin. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 76:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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