1
|
Matsumoto N, Tsubouchi H, Setoguchi K, Horiguchi T, Shigekusa T, Tsuchida S, Matsuo A, Oda Y, Yanagi S, Maruyama H, Nakazato M. Clinico-radiologic Characteristics of Pulmonary Visceral Larva Migrans Caused by Ascaris suum. Intern Med 2021; 60:2899-2903. [PMID: 33814489 PMCID: PMC8502646 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6109-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Visceral larva migrans (VLM) caused by Ascaris suum is a major health problem in pig farming regions. The clinical characteristics of pulmonary VLM caused by A. suum, however, are unclear. We assessed the clinico-radiologic features of this disease. Methods Medical records, including the results of chest radiography and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), were retrospectively reviewed from January 2000 through June 2019, at the University of Miyazaki Hospital and Kyoritsuiin Hospital in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. Results Seven patients with VLM caused by A. suum were identified. All seven patients had a unique habit of consuming raw foods, such as organic vegetables, chicken, turkey, wild boar, and venison. All but one patient, who had eosinophilic pneumonia with a fever and severe fatigue, had only mild or no respiratory symptoms. All 7 patients had remarkable eosinophilia (median, 1,960/μL) and high serum IgE levels (median, 1,346 IU/mL). Chest HRCT revealed multiple nodules and multiple nodular ground-glass opacities in 57% and 29% of the patients, respectively. The pulmonary lesions were located predominantly in subpleural areas. All seven patients were treated with albendazole, which led to improvement within two to three months. Neither eggs nor parasites were detected in the feces or sputum of any patient. Conclusion Consumption of raw organic vegetables or raw meat is a possible route of A. suum infection. Infected patients exhibit mild respiratory symptoms, and multiple nodules with a halo in the subpleural area are a common finding on chest HRCT. Treatment with albendazole was effective in these cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Matsumoto
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hironobu Tsubouchi
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kensuke Setoguchi
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takanori Horiguchi
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shigekusa
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shinpei Tsuchida
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Matsuo
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Oda
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Yanagi
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Nakazato
- Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taghipour A, Rostami A, Sepidarkish M, Ghaffarifar F. Is Ascaris lumbricoides a risk factor for development of asthma? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104099. [PMID: 32101769 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous epidemiological and experimental evidences to suggest that Ascaris lumbricoides infection is a neglected risk factor for development of asthma. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for better understanding of this relationship. Systematic searching (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was done, up to September 30, 2019 to identify the relevant studies. We applied random-effects meta-analysis model to generate the overall odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed with I2 and τ2 statistic. Finally, 19 studies (totally 25 datasets), including 14 datasets with microscopic methods (1830 asthmatic patients (APs) and 3802 healthy controls (HCs)) and 11 datasets with serological methods (1543 APs and 3507 HCs) met the eligibility criteria. Considering to the serological methods, our results demonstrated that the APs had higher seroprevalence rate of A. lumbricoides (48.3% vs. 35.1%) than HCs, showing a significant association (pooled crude OR, 1.53; 95%CI, 1.07-2.18). Moreover, microscopic methods showed a higher prevalence of A. lumbricoides infection in the APs compared to the HCs (37.2% vs. 30.2%), but no significant association was found between APs and HCs (pooled crude OR, 1.19; 95%CI, 0.92-1.55). After adjustment for confounders, results showed no significant association for both serological (pooled adjusted OR, 1.43; 95%CI, 0.93-2.19) and microscopic (pooled adjusted OR, 1.05; 95%CI, 0.78-1.42) methods. Despite heterogeneous results, accurate and better quality studies are needed to determine the effect of A. lumbricoides infection on induction or exacerbation of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Taghipour
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Rostami
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sepidarkish
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen YTH, Wang Z, Maruyama H, Horii Y, Nonaka N, Yoshida A. Evaluation of real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum
contamination in meat and organ meats. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
- Division of International Cooperation & Education, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
| | - Yoichiro Horii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
- Division of International Cooperation & Education, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
| | - Nariaki Nonaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
- Division of International Cooperation & Education, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki; 1-1, Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
| | - Ayako Yoshida
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine; University of Miyazaki; 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schneider R, Auer H. Incidence of Ascaris suum-specific antibodies in Austrian patients with suspected larva migrans visceralis (VLM) syndrome. Parasitol Res 2015; 115:1213-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
5
|
Berkowitz AL, Raibagkar P, Pritt BS, Mateen FJ. Neurologic manifestations of the neglected tropical diseases. J Neurol Sci 2015; 349:20-32. [PMID: 25623803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has identified 17 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that disproportionately affect the world's poorest populations. The neurologic aspects of many of these NTDs have received relatively little attention. METHODS A review was performed in PubMed (MedLine) for each NTD by disease name, name of its causative organism, and neurology, neurosurgery, neurologist, brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve, muscle, nervous system, encephalitis, meningitis, encephalopathy, stroke, neuropathy, and myopathy (1968-Sept. 2013). The Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine guidelines were used to determine the level of evidence of neurological involvement and treatment based on the reports identified. RESULTS Neurologic manifestations were reported for all NTDs except yaws. Neurologic involvement was described in systematic reviews for four NTDs (Chagas disease, echinococcosis, rabies, cysticercosis) (levels 2a-3a), retrospective cohort studies for six (dengue, human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis) (levels 2b-3b), case series for one (foodborne trematodiasis) (level 4), and case reports for five (Buruli ulcer, dracunculiasis, filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthes, and trachoma). Level 1 evidence for treatment of neurologic manifestations of NTDs was found for human African trypanosomiasis, leprosy, and cysticercosis and level 2 evidence exists for treatment of neurologic involvement in Chagas disease. For the remaining NTDs, treatment of neurologic complications is described in case series and case reports only. CONCLUSIONS Neurologic manifestations of NTDs cause significant morbidity and mortality, although limited evidence exists on how best to treat these neurologic complications. Increased awareness of neurologic manifestations of the NTDs can increase their early identification and treatment, contributing to ongoing elimination and eradication campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Berkowitz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pooja Raibagkar
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bobbi S Pritt
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Farrah J Mateen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schneider R, Obwaller A, Auer H. Immunoblot for the detection of Ascaris suum-specific antibodies in patients with visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome. Parasitol Res 2014; 114:305-10. [PMID: 25367210 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome caused by Toxocara canis larvae was first described in the 1950s. The role of other nematode larvae, i.e. the pig roundworm Ascaris suum as a causative agent of visceral larva migrans-associated symptoms like general malaise, cough, liver dysfunction, hypereosinophilia with hepatomegaly and/or pneumonia, was discussed controversially during the last decades. Recent serological screening studies for specific A. suum antibodies carried out in the Netherlands and Sweden yielded remarkable high seroprevalences, while a number of case reports from Japan report pulmonal, hepatic and cerebral symptoms caused by A. suum larvae after ingestion of infected raw meat (liver) or contaminated vegetables. We present here a sensitive and specific larval excretory-secretory (E/S) antigen-based immunoblot (As-IB) for the serodiagnosis of A. suum-infected patients suffering from symptoms associated to the VLM syndrome. In total, 34 sera from patients with hypereosinophilia and other clinical symptoms associated to the VLM syndrome tested negative for Toxocara sp. antibodies but positive in our newly established As-IB, 30 sera from healthy volunteers, 53 sera from patients with clinically and serologically confirmed toxocarosis and other helminthoses as well as 3 sera from patients with intestinal ascariosis due to Ascaris lumbricoides were included in the study. When evaluated with 30 sera from healthy volunteers and 53 sera from patients suffering from different helminthoses, the calculated specificity of our new As-IB is 95%. Problems hampering the establishment of simple serological screening tests for specific A. suum antibodies, like extensive antigenic similarities between the nematodes Ascaris and Toxocara or the absence of suitable experimental animals, are discussed. We assume that specific serological testing for antibodies of A. suum is very important for the treatment of individual patients on one hand and seroepidemiological investigations will help to clarify routes of transmission on the other hand. Further studies will be necessary to learn more about the extent of A. suum as a causative agent of the VLM syndrome and the role of pigs and their manure as the main source of human Ascaris infections in Austria and other industrialized countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renate Schneider
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1095, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Yu YM, Cho YH, Youn YN, Quan JH, Choi IW, Lee YH. Quantitative evaluation of viability- and apoptosis-related genes in Ascaris suum eggs under different culture-temperature conditions. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2012; 50:243-7. [PMID: 22949754 PMCID: PMC3428572 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ascaris suum eggs are inactivated by composting conditions; however, it is difficult to find functional changes in heat-treated A. suum eggs. Here, unembryonated A. suum eggs were incubated at 20℃, 50℃, and 70℃ in vitro, and the gene expression levels related to viability, such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (IF4E), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), and thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and to apoptosis, such as apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIF1) and cell death protein 6 (CDP6), were evaluated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. No prominent morphological alterations were noted in the eggs at 20℃ until day 10. In contrast, the eggs developed rapidly, and embryonated eggs and hatched larvae began to die, starting on day 2 at 50℃ and day 1 at 70℃. At 20℃, IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was significantly increased from days 2-4; however, AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was not changed significantly. IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was markedly decreased from day 2 at 50℃ and 70℃, whereas AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was significantly increased. The expressions of HSP70 and HSP90 were detected for 9-10 days at 20℃, for 3-5 days at 50℃, and for 2 days at 70℃. Taken together, incremental heat increases were associated with the rapid development of A. suum eggs, decreased expression of genes related to viability, and earlier expression of apoptosis-related genes, and finally these changes of viability- and apoptosis-related genes of A. suum eggs were associated with survival of the eggs under temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Man Yu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim MK, Pyo KH, Hwang YS, Park KH, Hwang IG, Chai JY, Shin EH. Effect of temperature on embryonation of Ascaris suum eggs in an environmental chamber. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2012; 50:239-42. [PMID: 22949753 PMCID: PMC3428571 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The influence of temperature on the development and embryonation of Ascaris suum eggs was studied using coarse sand medium in an environmental chamber with 50% humidity. The time required for development and embryonation of eggs was examined under 3 different temperature conditions, 5℃, 25℃, and 35℃. A. suum eggs did not develop over 1 month at the temperature of 5℃. However, other temperature conditions, 25℃ and 35℃, induced egg development to the 8-cell-stage at days 5-6 after incubation. All eggs examined developed to the 8-cell stage at day 6 after incubation in the sand medium at 25℃. The higher temperature, 35℃, slightly accelerated the A. suum egg development compared to 25℃, and the development to the 8-cell stage occurred within day 5 after incubation. The formation of larvae in A. suum eggs at temperatures of 35℃ and 25℃ appeared at days 17 and 19 after incubation, respectively. These findings show that 35℃ condition shortens the time for the development of A. suum eggs to the 8-cell-stage in comparison to 25℃, and suggest the possibility of accelerated transmission of this parasite, resulting from global warming and ecosystem changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ki Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen N, Yuan ZG, Xu MJ, Zhou DH, Zhang XX, Zhang YZ, Wang XW, Yan C, Lin RQ, Zhu XQ. Ascaris suum enolase is a potential vaccine candidate against ascariasis. Vaccine 2012; 30:3478-82. [PMID: 22465737 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ascariasis caused by Ascaris is the most common parasite problem in humans and pigs worldwide. No vaccines are available for the prevention of Ascaris infections. In the present study, the gene encoding Ascaris suum enolase (As-enol-1) was amplified, cloned and sequenced. Amino acid sequence alignment indicated that As-enol-1 was highly conserved between different nematodes and shared the highest identity (87%) with enolase from Anisakis simplex s.l. The recombinant pVAX-Enol was successfully expressed in Marc-145 cells. The ability of the pVAX-Enol for inducing immune protective responses against challenge infection with A. suum L3 was evaluated in Kunming mice. The immune response was evaluated by lymphoproliferative assay, cytokine and antibody measurements, and the reduction rate of recovery larvae. The results showed that the mice immunized with pVAX-Enol developed a high level of specific antibody responses against A. suum, a strong lymphoproliferative response, and significant levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 production, compared with the other groups immunized with empty plasmid or blank controls, respectively. There was a 61.13% reduction (P<0.05) in larvae recovery compared with that in the blank control group. Our data indicated that A. suum enolase is a potential vaccine candidate against A. suum infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Assessing the zoonotic potential ofAscaris suumandTrichuris suis: looking to the future from an analysis of the past. J Helminthol 2012; 86:148-55. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x12000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe two geohelminths,Ascaris lumbricoidesandTrichuris trichiura, infect more than a billion people worldwide but are only reported sporadically in the developed part of the world. In contrast, the closely related speciesA. suumandT. suisin pigs have a truly global distribution, with infected pigs found in most production systems. In areas where pigs and humans live in close proximity or where pig manure is used as fertilizer on vegetables for human consumption, there is a potential risk of cross-infections. We therefore review this relationship betweenAscarisandTrichurisin the human and pig host, with special focus on recent evidence concerning the zoonotic potential of these parasites, and identify some open questions for future research.
Collapse
|
12
|
Toxocariasis masquerading as liver and lung metastatic nodules in patents with gastrointestinal cancer: clinicopathologic study of five cases. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:155-60. [PMID: 21833750 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are sporadic reports in the literature in which radiologic liver and lung lesions found incidentally during follow-up metastatic surveillance were shown to be caused by toxocariasis. AIMS The objective of the work discussed in this report was to identify common clinical and histopathological features of toxocariasis resembling metastatic nodules in five patients with gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical features of five gastrointestinal cancer patients with liver or lung nodules mimicking metastasis. Serologic tests for parasitic infestations and pathologic examinations were performed. RESULTS All five patients were males and three patients had gastric cancer and two had colorectal cancer. All the cases of toxocariasis were confirmed serologically. On follow-up imaging, the lesions improved or resolved, suggestive of the phenomenon of visceral larva migrans. In two patients, liver biopsy was performed and showed eosinophilic abscess. CONCLUSION Serologic tests and liver or lung biopsy should be performed aggressively to exclude toxocariasis when patients with underlying gastrointestinal cancer present with hepatic or pulmonary nodules associated with eosinophilia, particularly if the patients have a clinical history of raw animal liver ingestion. Curative surgical intervention should not be excluded just because of multiple nodules in the liver or the lungs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ismail HAHA, Jeon HK, Yu YM, Do C, Lee YH. Intestinal parasite infections in pigs and beef cattle in rural areas of Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2010; 48:347-9. [PMID: 21234241 PMCID: PMC3018588 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2010.48.4.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the infection status of intestinal parasites in pigs and beef cattle in rural areas of Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. From November 2009 to April 2010, a total of 241 fecal samples of pigs and beef cattle (136 and 105, respectively) were examined by direct smear and centrifugal sedimentation methods. The overall positive rates of intestinal parasites among pigs and beef cattle were 73.5% and 4.8%, respectively, and the double-infection rate was 10.3% in pigs. Of 136 specimens from pigs, Balantidium coli, Ascaris suum, and Entamoeba spp. infections were found in 88 (64.7%), 24 (17.6%), and 5 cases (3.7%), respectively. Of 105 beef cattle, Entamoeba spp. infections were detected in 5 cases (4.8%). From these results, it is shown that pigs raised on rural farms in Chungcheongnam-do had a high B. coli infection rate and a moderate A. suum infection rate. These results demonstrate that environmentally resistant cysts or eggs could be widespread on the farms examined, and thus an effective hygienic management system is needed to prevent them from serving as the source of infection for human beings.
Collapse
|
14
|
Helminthic invasion of the central nervous system: many roads lead to Rome. Parasitol Int 2010; 59:491-6. [PMID: 20709186 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by parasitic worms often represents most severe complication of human helminthiasis. The pathways from the portal of entry to the CNS are manifold and differ from species to species. In this mini-review, we analysed the contemporary knowledge and current concepts of the routes pathogenic helminths take to gain access to brain, spinal cord and subarachnoid space.
Collapse
|
15
|
Identification and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes of Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782 from Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus, 1758. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1671-2927(09)60170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Lim YJ, Kim JH, Oh SH, Jeon SC, Koh HC, Lee YH. Pulmonary toxocariasis masquerading as metastatic tumor nodules in a child with osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1343-5. [PMID: 19637318 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A 14-year-old male, who completed chemotherapy following limb salvage surgery for osteosarcoma approximately 2 years ago, was seen for routine follow-up. A CT scan revealed new scattered multifocal nodular lesions. An ultrasonography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy was done to confirm pulmonary metastasis of the underlying osteosarcoma. The lung biopsy showed findings of eosinophilic pneumonia with no evidence of malignancy. Peripheral eosinophilia was also noted. When a more thorough history revealed frequent intake of raw cow liver, we diagnosed pulmonary toxocariasis by ELISA for specific serum IgG antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jung Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jagannath PM, Venkataramana NK, Rao SAV, Naik AL, Shivakumar SK, Saktepar A, Gopalakrishnan R, Shankar SK. Recurrent cerebral larva migrans: A case report and review of literature. J Pediatr Neurosci 2009; 4:36-40. [PMID: 21887174 PMCID: PMC3162836 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1745.49107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral larva migrans (CLM) is an uncommon and rarely diagnosed entity. We report here a histopathologically proven case of CLM in a 13 year-old girl, who presented with bilateral focal seizures, right hemiparesis, and lapsed into altered sensorium prior to admission. Her CT scan was suggestive of a granulomatous lesion which eventually turned out to be CLM (toxocariasis). Interestingly, the lesion recurred after excision, with a confusing clinical picture. Following the second surgery, the pathology was reconfirmed and cure was provided for the disease. There has been no further intracranial recurrence during the past ten years although she developed cutaneous lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Jagannath
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - N. K. Venkataramana
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - Shailesh A. V. Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - Arun L. Naik
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - S. K. Shivakumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - Anvesh Saktepar
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - Raghuram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Neurosurgery, BGS Global Neuroscience Institute, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore – 560 060, India
| | - S. K. Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bangalore-560 029, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Blaszkowska J. Prenatal toxicity of Ascaris pepsin inhibitor in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2008; 25:263-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
19
|
Okada F, Ono A, Ando Y, Yotsumoto S, Yotsumoto S, Tanoue S, Matsumoto S, Wakisaka M, Mori H. Pulmonary Computed Tomography Findings of Visceral Larva Migrans Caused by Ascaris suum. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2007; 31:402-8. [PMID: 17538287 DOI: 10.1097/01.rct.0000243444.18363.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To retrospectively evaluate the computed tomography (CT) findings of pulmonary involvement in patients with visceral larva migrans caused by Ascaris suum. METHODS Institutional review board approval was obtained, and informed consent was waived. Chest CT scans obtained between January 1994 and November 2005 in 32 patients infected with A. suum were retrospectively evaluated by 3 chest radiologists. In 4 patients who underwent surgical or transbronchial biopsy, comparisons of the CT images with the actual specimens were performed. RESULTS On CT scans, abnormal findings were seen in 28 patients. The most common abnormality consisted of nodules (n = 19) in which the majority had a halo of ground-glass attenuation (n = 17), followed by ground-glass attenuation (n = 18), and interlobular septal thickening (n = 14). These abnormalities were predominantly seen in the peripheral lung (n = 25). Of the 7 patients who underwent follow-up CT scans, nodules (n = 6) and ground-glass attenuation (n = 5) had migrated in 4 patients. Pathologically, these findings corresponded to marked eosinophilic infiltration into the interstitium. CONCLUSIONS These CT findings are considered to be suggestive of thoracic involvement in patients with visceral larva migrans caused by A. suum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Okada
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Umehara F, Ookatsu H, Hayashi D, Uchida A, Douchi Y, Kawabata H, Goto R, Hashiguchi A, Matsuura E, Okubo R, Higuchi I, Arimura K, Nawa Y, Osame M. MRI studies of spinal visceral larva migrans syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2006; 249:7-12. [PMID: 16815465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2005] [Revised: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 05/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report serial MR findings in four patients with myelitis caused by visceral larva migrans syndrome due to Toxocara canis or Ascaris suum infection. MR imaging revealed spinal cord swelling with or without gadolinium enhancement in three patients. T2-weighted images showed high signal intensities preferentially located in both lateral and posterior columns. Antihelmintic and corticosteroid treatment yielded improvement in neurologic deficits and spinal lesions. However, one patient with T. canis infection relapsed associated with reappearance of MRI abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fujio Umehara
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Enobe CS, Araújo CA, Perini A, Martins MA, Macedo MS, Macedo-Soares MF. Early stages of Ascaris suum induce airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in a mouse model. Parasite Immunol 2006; 28:453-61. [PMID: 16916369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory and functional changes that occur in murine lung after infection with 2500 infective Ascaris suum eggs were studied in this work. A sequential influx of neutrophils, mononuclear cells and eosinophils occurred into airways concomitantly with migration of larvae from liver to the lungs. Histological analysis of the lung showed a severe intra-alveolar haemorrhage at the peak of larval migration (day 8) and the most intense inflammatory cell infiltrate on day 14. Ascaris L3 were found in alveolar spaces and inside bronchioles on day 8. The number of eosinophils was elevated in the blood on days 8 and 14. The peak of eosinophil influx into the lung was at day 14, as indicated by the high levels of eosinophil peroxidase activity, followed by their migration into the airways. The antibody response against egg and larval antigens consisted mainly of IgG1 and IgM, and also of IgE and anaphylactic IgG1, that cross-reacted with adult worm antigens. Total IgE levels were substantially elevated during the infection. Measurement of lung mechanical parameters showed airway hyperreactivity in infected mice. In conclusion, the murine model of A. suum infection mimics the Th2-induced parameters observed in pigs and humans and can be used to analyse the immunoregulatory properties of this helminth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Enobe
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sakai S, Shida Y, Takahashi N, Yabuuchi H, Soeda H, Okafuji T, Hatakenaka M, Honda H. Pulmonary Lesions Associated With Visceral Larva Migrans Due toAscaris suumorToxocara canis: Imaging of Six Cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006; 186:1697-702. [PMID: 16714661 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.04.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate chest radiographic and CT findings of patients with pulmonary lesions associated with visceral larva migrans due to Ascaris suum or Toxocara canis. CT investigation was focused on the location, size, contour, and internal features of the lesions; migration of lesions; mediastinal lymphadenopathy; and pleural effusion. CONCLUSION Pulmonary visceral larva migrans appears on CT as multifocal subpleural nodules with halo or ground-glass opacities and ill-defined margins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Sakai
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Fan CK, Su KE. Cross-reactions with Ascaris suum antigens of sera from mice infected with A. suum, Toxocara canis, and Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Parasitol Int 2004; 53:263-71. [PMID: 15468534 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ascaris suum larval excretory-secretory (AsES) antigen and larval (AsLA) as well as adult somatic antigen (AsAA) which were thought to be possibly helpful in the diagnosis of visceral larva migrans (VLM) due to A. suum infection were investigated in the present study. Serum taken from mice orally inoculated with approximately 250 embryonated eggs of A. suum or Toxocara canis, or 40 third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the AsES antigen, AsLA or AsAA at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks post infection (WPI). The titer of serum IgG from mice infected with A. suum increased from 1 WPI and a peak at 4 WPI was observed when it reached approximately three times the level of uninfected control mice. Thereafter, it decreased gradually but remained high as found from 6 to 8 WPI. No cross-reactions of heterologous serum IgG against AsES antigen was observed, whereas heterologous serum IgM exhibited significant cross-reactions to AsES antigen. Cross-reactivities to AsLA and AsAA by heterologous serum IgG as well as IgM antibodies were also observed in the trial. Altogether, the AsES antigen apparently seemed to be superior to the other two somatic antigens when used in the diagnosis of A. suum-induced VLM with serum IgG as tested by ELISA. Moreover, it was the first report to test the possibly antigenic cross-reactivity between A. suum and A. cantonensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kwung Fan
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsin Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moreira-Silva SF, Rodrigues MG, Pimenta JL, Gomes CP, Freire LH, Pereira FEL. Toxocariasis of the central nervous system: with report of two cases. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2004; 37:169-74. [PMID: 15094904 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822004000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical involvement of the nervous system in visceral larva migrans due to Toxocara is rare, although in experimental animals the larvae frequently migrate to the brain. A review of the literature from the early 50's to date found 29 cases of brain involvement in toxocariasis. In 20 cases, various clinical and laboratory manifestations of eosinophilic meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis or radiculopathy were reported. We report two children with neurological manifestations, in which there was cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis with marked eosinophilia and a positive serology for Toxocara both in serum and CSF. Serology for Schistosoma mansoni, Cysticercus cellulosae, Toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus were negative in CSF, that was sterile in both cases. Improvement of signs and symptoms after specific treatment (albendazole or thiabendazole) was observed in the two cases. A summary of data described in the 25 cases previously reported is presented and we conclude that in cases of encephalitis and myelitis with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and eosinophilia, parasitic infection of the central nervous system should be suspected and serology should be performed to establish the correct diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
|
26
|
Tsuji N, Suzuki K, Kasuga-Aoki H, Isobe T, Arakawa T, Matsumoto Y. Mice intranasally immunized with a recombinant 16-kilodalton antigen from roundworm Ascaris parasites are protected against larval migration of Ascaris suum. Infect Immun 2003; 71:5314-23. [PMID: 12933879 PMCID: PMC187325 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.9.5314-5323.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective immunity to the pig roundworm, Ascaris suum, has been demonstrated by immunization of pigs with antigens derived from the parasite's larval stages. We identified a protective antigen commonly expressed in the human and pig Ascaris infections as a 16-kDa protein (As16), which has no similarity at the amino acid level to mammalian proteins but has some similarity to those of the filarial parasites and Caenorhabditis elegans gene product. Localization analysis revealed that the native As16 was highly expressed in the adult worm intestine, hypodermis, and cuticles. In addition, As16 was detected in the parasite excretory and secretory products. Mice intranasally vaccinated with Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant As16 (rAs16), coupled with cholera toxin B subunit, generated a significant increase in the level of rAs16-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE in serum. Mucosal IgA levels were also increased. The recombinant protein evoked a mixed (both Th1 and Th2) type of immune response characterized by elevated levels of gamma interferon and interleukin-10 in the culture supernatants of activated spleen cells. An increased level of IgG1 and IgG2a in serum was also observed. The vaccinated mice showed a reduction by 58% in the recovery of challenged larvae compared to a nonvaccinated control. These results suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for human and pig ascariasis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Administration, Intranasal
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Helminth/blood
- Antigens, Helminth/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Helminth/chemistry
- Antigens, Helminth/genetics
- Ascariasis/immunology
- Ascariasis/parasitology
- Ascariasis/prevention & control
- Ascaris suum/genetics
- Ascaris suum/immunology
- Ascaris suum/physiology
- Base Sequence
- Cholera Toxin/administration & dosage
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Helminth/genetics
- Female
- Helminth Proteins/administration & dosage
- Helminth Proteins/chemistry
- Helminth Proteins/genetics
- Helminth Proteins/immunology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Weight
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sus scrofa
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/chemistry
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naotoshi Tsuji
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wossene A, Tsuji N, Kasuga-Aoki H, Miyoshi T, Isobe T, Arakawa T, Matsumoto Y, Yoshihara S. Lung-stage protein profile and antigenic relationship between Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum. J Parasitol 2002; 88:826-8. [PMID: 12197147 DOI: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0826:lsppaa]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein profile and antigenic properties of lung-stage larvae of Ascaris lumbricoides and A. suum were studied using 2-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis, respectively. The protein profiles of the 2 parasites were identical except for the presence of only 1 major protein spot specific for each. There was a complete cross-reactivity between the 2 parasites at the immunological level, and no specific antigen was recognized using specific antibody raised against the 2 parasites in rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Wossene
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agricultural Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Ascaris lumbricoides, the most frequent human intestinal nematode, is the causative agent of ascariasis, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of over one billion people, especially in moist tropical and subtropical regions, but also in cooler climates. Although characterised with low morbidity and mortality rates, the global prevalence of ascariasis still results in approximately 20,000 deaths annually, primarily as a consequence of intestinal obstruction. In humans, transmission usually occurs by hand-to-mouth route by way of contaminated agricultural products and food, or from dirty hands. Three phases of ascariasis may be present, namely, the pulmonary, intestinal and the complications stage. Although generally asymptomatic, heavy infestation may cause serious pulmonary disease, or partial or complete obstruction of biliary or intestinal tracts. Anthelminthic chemotherapy is required to eradicate the parasites and prevent potentially serious complications. Mebendazole, albendazole and pyrantel pamoate are the most widely used agents to treat ascariasis. Preventive chemotherapy delivered to communities in endemic regions may serve as an affordable and cost-effective strategy to reduce the prevalence and morbidity in endemic regions. Under unusual circumstances, Ascaris suum, the cause of helminthic infection in pigs, may also cause disease in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V St Georgiev
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH 6700-B Rockledge Drive, Room 2102, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Permin A, Henningsen E, Murrell KD, Roepstorff A, Nansen P. Pigs become infected after ingestion of livers and lungs from chickens infected with Ascaris of pig origin. Int J Parasitol 2000; 30:867-8. [PMID: 10899534 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An experimental infection with Ascaris of pig origin showed that Ascaris suum larvae can migrate extra-intestinally in chickens. Furthermore, after feeding piglets with Ascaris infected chicken liver and lungs, it was possible to recover larvae from their lungs. These observations suggest that the chicken could serve as a paratenic host for Ascaris. There is also the possibility for zoonotic transmission if raw chicken livers are consumed by humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Permin
- Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Ridebanevej 3, 1870 C., Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|