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Vishwanath-Deutsch R, Dallas DC, Besada-Lombana P, Katz L, Conze D, Kruger C, Clark AJ, Peterson R, Malinczak CA. A review of the safety evidence on recombinant human lactoferrin for use as a food ingredient. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114727. [PMID: 38735359 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Published studies on the glycosylation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and safety outcomes of orally ingested recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) were reviewed in the context of unanswered safety questions, including alloimmunization, allergenicity, and immunotoxicity potential of rhLF during repeated exposure. The primary objective was to summarize current safety data of rhLF produced in transgenic host expression systems. Overall, results from animal and human studies showed that rhLF was well tolerated and safe. Animal data showed no significant toxicity-related outcomes among any safety or tolerability endpoints. The no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) were at the highest level tested in both iron-desaturated and -saturated forms of rhLF. Although one study reported outcomes of rhLF on immune parameters, no animal studies directly assessed immunogenicity or immunotoxicity from a safety perspective. Data from human studies were primarily reported as adverse events (AE). They showed no or fewer rhLF-related AE compared to control and no evidence of toxicity, dose-limiting toxicities, or changes in iron status in various subpopulations. However, no human studies evaluated the immunomodulatory potential of rhLF as a measure of safety. Following this review, a roadmap outlining preclinical and clinical studies with relevant safety endpoints was developed to address the unanswered safety questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David C Dallas
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, and Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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2
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Torres MDT, Cesaro A, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Peptides from non-immune proteins target infections through antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.25.586636. [PMID: 38585860 PMCID: PMC10996515 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.25.586636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Encrypted peptides have been recently described as a new class of antimicrobial molecules. They have been proposed to play a role in host immunity and as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Intriguingly, many of these peptides are found embedded in proteins unrelated to the immune system, suggesting that immunological responses may extend beyond traditional host immunity proteins. To test this idea, here we synthesized and tested representative peptides derived from non-immune proteins for their ability to exert antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Our experiments revealed that most of the tested peptides from non-immune proteins, derived from structural proteins as well as proteins from the nervous and visual systems, displayed potent in vitro antimicrobial activity. These molecules killed bacterial pathogens by targeting their membrane, and those originating from the same region of the body exhibited synergistic effects when combined. Beyond their antimicrobial properties, nearly 90% of the peptides tested exhibited immunomodulatory effects, modulating inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. Moreover, eight of the peptides identified, collagenin 3 and 4, zipperin-1 and 2, and immunosin-2, 3, 12, and 13, displayed anti-infective efficacy in two different preclinical mouse models, reducing bacterial infections by up to four orders of magnitude. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that peptides from non-immune proteins may play a role in host immunity. These results potentially expand our notion of the immune system to include previously unrecognized proteins and peptides that may be activated upon infection to confer protection to the host.
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3
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Wu J, Zang M, Wang S, Qiao X, Zhao B, Bai J, Zhao Y, Shi Y. Lactoferricin, an antimicrobial motif derived from lactoferrin with food preservation potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37158176 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2207650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The growth of bacteria and fungi may cause disease inf human or spoilage of food. New antimicrobial substances need to be discovered. Lactoferricin (LFcin) is a group of antimicrobial peptides derived from the N-terminal region of the milk protein lactoferrin (LF). LFcin has antimicrobial ability against a variety of microorganisms, which is significantly better than that of its parent version. Here, we review the sequences, structures, and antimicrobial activities of this family and elucidated the motifs of structural and functional significance, as well as its application in food. Using sequence and structural similarity searches, we identified 43 new LFcins from the mammalian LFs deposited in the protein databases, which are grouped into six families according to their origins (Primates, Rodentia, Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Pholidota, and Carnivora). This work expands the LFcin family and will facilitate further characterization of novel peptides with antimicrobial potential. Considering the antimicrobial effect of LFcin on foodborne pathogens, we describe the application of these peptides from the prospective of food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wu
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwu Zang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shouwei Wang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Qiao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Bai
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Shi
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing, China
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4
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Ohradanova-Repic A, Praženicová R, Gebetsberger L, Moskalets T, Skrabana R, Cehlar O, Tajti G, Stockinger H, Leksa V. Time to Kill and Time to Heal: The Multifaceted Role of Lactoferrin and Lactoferricin in Host Defense. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1056. [PMID: 37111542 PMCID: PMC10146187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in most human exocrine fluids, particularly breast milk. Lactoferrin is also released from neutrophil granules, and its concentration increases rapidly at the site of inflammation. Immune cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune system express receptors for lactoferrin to modulate their functions in response to it. On the basis of these interactions, lactoferrin plays many roles in host defense, ranging from augmenting or calming inflammatory pathways to direct killing of pathogens. Complex biological activities of lactoferrin are determined by its ability to sequester iron and by its highly basic N-terminus, via which lactoferrin binds to a plethora of negatively charged surfaces of microorganisms and viruses, as well as to mammalian cells, both normal and cancerous. Proteolytic cleavage of lactoferrin in the digestive tract generates smaller peptides, such as N-terminally derived lactoferricin. Lactoferricin shares some of the properties of lactoferrin, but also exhibits unique characteristics and functions. In this review, we discuss the structure, functions, and potential therapeutic uses of lactoferrin, lactoferricin, and other lactoferrin-derived bioactive peptides in treating various infections and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, we summarize clinical trials examining the effect of lactoferrin supplementation in disease treatment, with a special focus on its potential use in treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ohradanova-Repic
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Praženicová
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Laura Gebetsberger
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tetiana Moskalets
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rostislav Skrabana
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of Neurodegeneration, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Cehlar
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of Neurodegeneration, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabor Tajti
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Stockinger
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Leksa
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
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5
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Avalos-Gómez C, Ramírez-Rico G, Ruiz-Mazón L, Sicairos NL, Serrano-Luna J, de la Garza M. Lactoferrin: An Effective Weapon in the Battle Against Bacterial Infections. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3243-3260. [PMID: 36284379 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221025153216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains with respect to commercially available antimicrobial drugs has marked a watershed in treatment therapies to fight pathogens and has stimulated research on alternative remedies. Proteins of the innate immune system of mammals have been highlighted as potentially yielding possible treatment options for infections. Lactoferrin (Lf) is one of these proteins; interestingly, no resistance to it has been found. Lf is a conserved cationic nonheme glycoprotein that is abundant in milk and is also present in low quantities in mucosal secretions. Moreover, Lf is produced and secreted by the secondary granules of neutrophils at infection sites. Lf is a molecule of approximately 80 kDa that displays multiple functions, such as antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer actions. Lf can synergize with antibiotics, increasing its potency against bacteria. Lactoferricins (Lfcins) are peptides resulting from the N-terminal end of Lf by proteolytic cleavage with pepsin. They exhibit several anti-bacterial effects similar to those of the parental glycoprotein. Synthetic analog peptides exhibiting potent antimicrobial properties have been designed. The aim of this review is to update understanding of the structure and effects of Lf and Lfcins as anti-bacterial compounds, focusing on the mechanisms of action in bacteria and the use of Lf in treatment of infections in patients, including those studies where no significant differences were found. Lf could be an excellent option for prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases, mainly in combined therapies with antibiotics or other antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Avalos-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Ramírez-Rico
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán- Teoloyucan, Cuautitlán Izcalli, 54714, Mexico
| | - Lucero Ruiz-Mazón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nidia León Sicairos
- Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Pediátrico de Sinaloa, Unidad de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jesús Serrano-Luna
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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6
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Lajterer C, Shani Levi C, Lesmes U. An in vitro digestion model accounting for sex differences in gastro-intestinal functions and its application to study differential protein digestibility. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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7
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Zhang L, Zhou R, Zhang J, Zhou P. Heat-induced denaturation and bioactivity changes of whey proteins. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Liu N, Feng G, Zhang X, Hu Q, Sun S, Sun J, Sun Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Wang P, Li Y. The Functional Role of Lactoferrin in Intestine Mucosal Immune System and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Nutr 2021; 8:759507. [PMID: 34901112 PMCID: PMC8655231 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.759507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is one of the main types of intestinal inflammatory diseases with intestine mucosal immune disorder. Intestine mucosal immune system plays a remarkable and important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD. Therefore, understanding the intestine mucosal immune mechanism is a key step to develop therapeutic interventions for IBD. Intestine mucosal immune system and IBD are influenced by various factors, such as inflammation, gut permeability, gut microbiota, and nutrients. Among these factors, emerging evidence show that nutrients play a key role in inflammation activation, integrity of intestinal barrier, and immune cell modulation. Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein belonging to transferrin family, is a dietary bioactive component abundantly found in mammalian milk. Notably, LF has been reported to perform diverse biological functions including antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, intestinal barrier protection, and immune cell modulation, and is involved in maintaining intestine mucosal immune homeostasis. The improved understanding of the properties of LF in intestine mucosal immune system and IBD will facilitate its application in nutrition, clinical medicine, and health. Herein, this review outlines the recent advancements on LF as a potential therapeutic intervention for IBD associated with intestine mucosal immune system dysfunction. We hope this review will provide a reference for future studies and lay a theoretical foundation for LF-based therapeutic interventions for IBD by understanding the particular effects of LF on intestine mucosal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Maternal & Infant Nutrition Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Maternal & Infant Nutrition Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Maternal & Infant Nutrition Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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9
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Gruden Š, Poklar Ulrih N. Diverse Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Activities of Lactoferrins, Lactoferricins, and Other Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011264. [PMID: 34681923 PMCID: PMC8541349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrins are an iron-binding glycoprotein that have important protective roles in the mammalian body through their numerous functions, which include antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. Among these, their antimicrobial activity has been the most studied, although the mechanism behind antimicrobial activities remains to be elucidated. Thirty years ago, the first lactoferrin-derived peptide was isolated and showed higher antimicrobial activity than the native lactoferrin lactoferricin. Since then, numerous studies have investigated the antimicrobial potencies of lactoferrins, lactoferricins, and other lactoferrin-derived peptides to better understand their antimicrobial activities at the molecular level. This review defines the current antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of lactoferrins, lactoferricins, and lactoferrin-derived peptides. The primary focus is on their different mechanisms of activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The role of their structure, amino-acid composition, conformation, charge, hydrophobicity, and other factors that affect their mechanisms of antimicrobial activity are also reviewed.
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10
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In vitro dynamic digestion of model infant formulae containing lactoferrin and medium chain triacylglycerols. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Leischner C, Egert S, Burkard M, Venturelli S. Potential Protective Protein Components of Cow's Milk against Certain Tumor Entities. Nutrients 2021; 13:1974. [PMID: 34201342 PMCID: PMC8228601 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy products, especially from cow's milk, play a major role in the daily human diet. It is therefore hardly surprising that the subject of milk is being extensively researched and that many effects of individual milk components have been characterized as a result. With the wealth of results available today, the influence of milk on the development of various types of cancer and, in particular, its often protective effects have been shown both in vitro and in vivo and in the evaluation of large-scale cohort and case-control studies. Various caseins, diverse whey proteins such as α-lactalbumin (α-LA), bovine α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (BAMLET), β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), or bovine serum albumin (BSA), and numerous milk fat components, such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), or butyrate, as well as calcium and other protein components such as lactoferrin (Lf), lactoferricin (Lfcin), and casomorphines, show antitumor or cytotoxic effects on cells from different tumor entities. With regard to a balanced and health-promoting diet, milk consumption plays a major role in a global context. This work provides an overview of what is known about the antitumoral properties of proteins derived from cow's milk and their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Leischner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences 140, Nutritional Biochemistry 140c, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Sarah Egert
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Nutritional Science/Dietetics 180c, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Markus Burkard
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences 140, Nutritional Biochemistry 140c, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Sascha Venturelli
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences 140, Nutritional Biochemistry 140c, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
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12
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Sienkiewicz M, Jaśkiewicz A, Tarasiuk A, Fichna J. Lactoferrin: an overview of its main functions, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial role, and clinical significance. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6016-6033. [PMID: 33685299 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1895063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF), a glycoprotein found in mucosal secretions, is characterized by a wide range of functions, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, several investigations confirmed that LF displays high effectiveness against multiple bacteria and viruses and may be regarded as a potential inhibitor of enveloped viruses, such as presently prevailing SARS-CoV-2. In our review, we discuss available studies about LF functions and bioavailability of different LF forms in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, we characterize the potential benefits and side effects of LF use; we also briefly summarize the latest clinical trials examining LF application. Finally, we point potential role of LF in inflammatory bowel disease and indicate its use as a marker for disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Sienkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jaśkiewicz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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13
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Wen P, Zhang W, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Guo H. Osteogenic effects of the peptide fraction derived from pepsin-hydrolyzed bovine lactoferrin. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3853-3862. [PMID: 33551166 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease that frequently occurs in the older population, particularly in postmenopausal women. It severely compromises the health of the older population, and the drugs commonly used to treat osteoporosis have a variety of adverse effects. Lactoferrin (LF) is a protein present in milk that has recently been found to exhibit osteogenic activity. Lactoferrin is nontoxic and harmless, suggesting that it may have excellent biocompatibility and tolerability after human consumption. Oral consumption of LF in an ovariectomized rat model has been found to ameliorate osteoporosis. However, the mechanism underlying this effect remains to be clarified. In this study, bovine LF (bLF) was first hydrolyzed by pepsin for 1 h, and the hydrolyzed mixture was freeze-dried and collected. The hydrolyzed mixture was then separated into 5 components (E1-E5), of which E3 had the greatest effect in promoting proliferation of osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1). Component E3 was further isolated into 21 components with preparative reversed phase HPLC, and the E3-15 component had maximal bioactivity. With HPLC-mass spectrometry and peptide sequencing, E3-15 was identified to contain amino acids 97 to 208 from the bLF N terminus. Then, E3-15 was divided into 6 different peptide segments (P1-P6), and the corresponding segments were generated by solid-phase synthesis. Only the P1 peptide (amino acids 97-122 from the N terminus of bLF) significantly promoted osteoblast proliferation. The bioactivity of P1 toward osteoblast cells and alkaline phosphatase activity were tested as a function of P1 concentration, and a nonlinear effect was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - W Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - P Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - W Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.
| | - H Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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14
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Bu T, Zheng J, Liu L, Li S, Wu J. Milk proteins and their derived peptides on bone health: Biological functions, mechanisms, and prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2234-2262. [PMID: 33522110 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic organ under constant metabolism (or remodeling), where a delicate balance between bone resorption and bone formation is maintained. Disruption of this coordinated bone remodeling results in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, the most common bone disorder characterized by decreased bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration. Epidemiological and clinical evidence support that consumption of dairy products is beneficial for bone health; this benefit is often attributed to the presence of calcium, the physiological contributions of milk proteins on bone metabolism, however, are underestimated. Emerging evidence highlighted that not only milk proteins (including individual milk proteins) but also their derived peptides positively regulate bone remodeling and attenuate bone loss, via the regulation of cellular markers and signaling of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This article aims to review current knowledge about the roles of milk proteins, with an emphasis on individual milk proteins, bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins, and effect of milk processing in particular fermentation, on bone metabolism, to highlight the potential uses of milk proteins in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, and, to discuss the knowledge gap and to recommend future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Bu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,ZJU-UA Joint Lab for Molecular Nutrition and Bioactive Peptides, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiexia Zheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,ZJU-UA Joint Lab for Molecular Nutrition and Bioactive Peptides, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,ZJU-UA Joint Lab for Molecular Nutrition and Bioactive Peptides, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Wu
- ZJU-UA Joint Lab for Molecular Nutrition and Bioactive Peptides, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Ag/For Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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15
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El-Fakharany EM. Nanoformulation of lactoferrin potentiates its activity and enhances novel biotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:970-984. [PMID: 33011258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Panwar H, Rokana N, Aparna SV, Kaur J, Singh A, Singh J, Singh KS, Chaudhary V, Puniya AK. Gastrointestinal stress as innate defence against microbial attack. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1035-1061. [PMID: 32869386 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been bestowed with the most difficult task of protecting the underlying biological compartments from the resident commensal flora and the potential pathogens in transit through the GI tract. It has a unique environment in which several defence tactics are at play while maintaining homeostasis and health. The GI tract shows myriad number of environmental extremes, which includes pH variations, anaerobic conditions, nutrient limitations, elevated osmolarity etc., which puts a check to colonization and growth of nonfriendly microbial strains. The GI tract acts as a highly selective barrier/platform for ingested food and is the primary playground for balance between the resident and uninvited organisms. This review focuses on antimicrobial defense mechanisms of different sections of human GI tract. In addition, the protective mechanisms used by microbes to combat the human GI defence systems are also discussed. The ability to survive this innate defence mechanism determines the capability of probiotic or pathogen strains to confer health benefits or induce clinical events respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - N Rokana
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - S V Aparna
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Science University, Mannuthy, Thrissur, India
| | - J Kaur
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - A Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - K S Singh
- Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - V Chaudhary
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - A K Puniya
- Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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17
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Moghal MMR, Hossain F, Yamazaki M. Action of antimicrobial peptides and cell-penetrating peptides on membrane potential revealed by the single GUV method. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:339-348. [PMID: 32152921 PMCID: PMC7242587 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane potential plays various key roles in live bacterial and eukaryotic cells. So far, the effects of membrane potential on action of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been examined using cells and small lipid vesicles. However, due to the technical drawbacks of these experiments, the effect of membrane potential on the actions of AMPs and CPPs and the elementary processes of interactions of these peptides with cell membranes and vesicle membranes are not well understood. In this short review, we summarize the results of the effect of membrane potential on the action of an AMP, lactoferricin B (LfcinB), and a CPP, transportan 10 (TP10), in vesicle membranes revealed by the single giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) method. Parts of the actions and their elementary steps of AMPs and CPPs interacting vesicle membranes under membrane potential are clearly revealed using the single GUV method. The experimental methods and their analysis described here can be used to elucidate the effects of membrane potential on various activities of peptides such as AMPs, CPPs, and proteins. Moreover, GUVs with membrane potential are more suitable as a model of cells or artificial cells, as well as GUVs containing small vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mizanur Rahman Moghal
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Hossain
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 836 Oya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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18
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Kühnle A, Galuska CE, Zlatina K, Galuska SP. The Bovine Antimicrobial Peptide Lactoferricin Interacts with Polysialic Acid without Loss of Its Antimicrobial Activity against Escherichia coli. Animals (Basel) 2019; 10:E1. [PMID: 31861263 PMCID: PMC7022438 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The lactoferrin-derived peptide lactoferricin (LFcin) belongs to the family of antimicrobial peptides, and its bovine form has already been successfully applied to counteract enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection. Recently, it was described that LFcin interacts with the sugar polymer polysialic acid (polySia) and that the binding of lactoferrin to polySia is mediated by LFcin, included in the N-terminal domain of lactoferrin. For this reason, the impact of polySia on the antimicrobial activity of bovine LFcin was investigated. Initially, the interaction of LFcin was characterized in more detail by native agarose gel electrophoresis, demonstrating that a chain length of 10 sialic acid residues was necessary to bind LFcin, whereas approximately twice-as-long chains were needed to detect binding of lactoferrin. Remarkably, the binding of polySia showed, independently of the chain length, no impact on the antimicrobial effects of LFcin. Thus, LFcin binds polySia without loss of its protective activity as an antimicrobial peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kühnle
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.K.); (C.E.G.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstr. 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christina E. Galuska
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.K.); (C.E.G.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstr. 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kristina Zlatina
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.K.); (C.E.G.); (K.Z.)
| | - Sebastian P. Galuska
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.K.); (C.E.G.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstr. 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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19
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Shah P, Wu WS, Chen CS. Systematical Analysis of the Protein Targets of Lactoferricin B and Histatin-5 Using Yeast Proteome Microarrays. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174218. [PMID: 31466342 PMCID: PMC6747642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have potential antifungal activities; however, their intracellular protein targets are poorly reported. Proteome microarray is an effective tool with high-throughput and rapid platform that systematically identifies the protein targets. In this study, we have used yeast proteome microarrays for systematical identification of the yeast protein targets of Lactoferricin B (Lfcin B) and Histatin-5. A total of 140 and 137 protein targets were identified from the triplicate yeast proteome microarray assays for Lfcin B and Histatin-5, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that Lfcin B targeted more enrichment categories than Histatin-5 did in all GO biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. This might be one of the reasons that Lfcin B has a lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) than Histatin-5. Moreover, pairwise essential proteins that have lethal effects on yeast were analyzed through synthetic lethality. A total of 11 synthetic lethal pairs were identified within the protein targets of Lfcin B. However, only three synthetic lethal pairs were identified within the protein targets of Histatin-5. The higher number of synthetic lethal pairs identified within the protein targets of Lfcin B might also be the reason for Lfcin B to have lower MIC than Histatin-5. Furthermore, two synthetic lethal pairs were identified between the unique protein targets of Lfcin B and Histatin-5. Both the identified synthetic lethal pairs proteins are part of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) protein complex that regulates gene expression via histone modification. Identification of synthetic lethal pairs between Lfcin B and Histatin-5 and their involvement in the same protein complex indicated synergistic combination between Lfcin B and Histatin-5. This hypothesis was experimentally confirmed by growth inhibition assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Shah
- Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sheng Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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20
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Hossain F, Moghal MMR, Islam MZ, Moniruzzaman M, Yamazaki M. Membrane potential is vital for rapid permeabilization of plasma membranes and lipid bilayers by the antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin B. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10449-10462. [PMID: 31118274 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferricin B (LfcinB) is a cationic antimicrobial peptide, and its capacity to damage the bacterial plasma membrane is suggested to be a main factor in LfcinB's antimicrobial activity. However, the specific processes and mechanisms in LfcinB-induced membrane damage are unclear. In this report, using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, we examined the interaction of LfcinB with single Escherichia coli cells and spheroplasts containing the water-soluble fluorescent probe calcein in the cytoplasm. LfcinB induced rapid calcein leakage from single E. coli cells and from single spheroplasts, indicating that LfcinB interacts directly with the plasma membrane and induces its rapid permeabilization. The proton ionophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone suppressed this leakage. Next, we used the single giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) method to examine LfcinB's interaction with GUVs comprising polar lipid extracts of E. coli containing a water-soluble fluorescent probe, Alexa Fluor 647 hydrazide (AF647). We observed that LfcinB stochastically induces local rupture in single GUVs, causing rapid AF647 leakage; however, higher LfcinB concentrations were required for AF647 leakage from GUVs than from E. coli cells and spheroplasts. To identify the reason for this difference, we examined the effect of membrane potential on LfcinB-induced pore formation, finding that the rate of LfcinB-induced local rupture in GUVs increases greatly with increasing negative membrane potential. These results indicate that membrane potential plays an important role in LfcinB-induced local rupture of lipid bilayers and rapid permeabilization of E. coli plasma membranes. On the basis of these results, we discuss the mode of action of LfcinB's antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Hossain
- From the Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman Moghal
- From the Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- From the Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- From the Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- From the Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, .,the Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, and.,the Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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21
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Whey protein in cancer therapy: A narrative review. Pharmacol Res 2019; 144:245-256. [PMID: 31005617 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a public health challenge in the identification and development of ideal pharmacological therapies and dietary strategies. The use of whey protein as a dietary strategy is widespread in the field of oncology. The two types of whey protein, sweet or acid, result from several processing techniques and possess distinct protein subfraction compositions. Mechanistically, whey protein subfractions have specific anti-cancer effects. Alpha-lactalbumin, human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cell, bovine α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cell, bovine serum albumin, and lactoferrin are whey protein subfractions with potential to hinder tumor pathways. Such effects, however, are principally supported by studies performed in vitro and/or in vivo. In clinical practice, whey protein intake-induced anti-cancer effects are indiscernible. However, whey protein supplementation represents a practical, feasible, and cost-effective approach to mitigate cancer cachexia syndrome. The usefulness of whey protein is evidenced by a greater leucine content and the potential to modulate IGF-1 concentrations, representing important factors towards musculoskeletal hypertrophy. Further clinical trials are warranted and needed to establish the effects of whey protein supplementation as an adjuvant to cancer therapy.
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22
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Kühnle A, Veelken R, Galuska CE, Saftenberger M, Verleih M, Schuppe HC, Rudloff S, Kunz C, Galuska SP. Polysialic acid interacts with lactoferrin and supports its activity to inhibit the release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 208:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Pane K, Cafaro V, Avitabile A, Torres MDT, Vollaro A, De Gregorio E, Catania MR, Di Maro A, Bosso A, Gallo G, Zanfardino A, Varcamonti M, Pizzo E, Di Donato A, Lu TK, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Notomista E. Identification of Novel Cryptic Multifunctional Antimicrobial Peptides from the Human Stomach Enabled by a Computational-Experimental Platform. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2105-2115. [PMID: 30124040 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel approaches are needed to combat antibiotic resistance. Here, we describe a computational-experimental framework for the discovery of novel cryptic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The computational platform, based on previously validated antimicrobial scoring functions, indicated the activation peptide of pepsin A, the main human stomach protease, and its N- and C-terminal halves as antimicrobial peptides. The three peptides from pepsinogen A3 isoform were prepared in a recombinant form using a fusion carrier specifically developed to express toxic peptides in Escherichia coli. Recombinant pepsinogen A3-derived peptides proved to be wide-spectrum antimicrobial agents with MIC values in the range 1.56-50 μM (1.56-12.5 μM for the whole activation peptide). Moreover, the activation peptide was bactericidal at pH 3.5 for relevant foodborne pathogens, suggesting that this new class of previously unexplored AMPs may contribute to microbial surveillance within the human stomach. The peptides showed no toxicity toward human cells and exhibited anti-infective activity in vivo, reducing by up to 4 orders of magnitude the bacterial load in a mouse skin infection model. These peptides thus represent a promising new class of antibiotics. We envision that computationally guided data mining approaches such as the one described here will lead to the discovery of antibiotics from previously unexplored sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Pane
- IRCCS SDN, Via E. Gianturco, 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Cafaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Angela Avitabile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Marcelo Der Torossian Torres
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Adriana Vollaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Eliana De Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Catania
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples, Vanvitelli, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gallo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Donato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Timothy K. Lu
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
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25
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Alexander DB, Vogel HJ, Tsuda H. Lactoferrin researchers descend on Nagoya Castle. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 95:1-4. [PMID: 28186858 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hans J Vogel
- b Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- c Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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26
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Franco I, Pérez MD, Conesa C, Calvo M, Sánchez L. Effect of technological treatments on bovine lactoferrin: An overview. Food Res Int 2017; 106:173-182. [PMID: 29579916 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional protein that exerts important activities in the neonate through its presence in milk, and also in other external mucosas, acting as a defense protein of innate immunity. The addition of bovine LF to infant formula and also to other functional products and cosmetics has increased during the last decades. Consequently, it is essential to know the effect that the technological processes, necessary to elaborate those products, have on LF activity. In this study, we have revised the effect of classical treatments on lactoferrin structure and activity, such as heat treatment or drying, and also of emerging technologies, like high pressure or pulsed electric field. The results of the studies included in this review indicate that LF stability is dependent on its level of iron-saturation and on the characteristics of the treatment media. Furthermore, the studies revised here reveal that the non-thermal treatments are interesting alternatives to the traditional ones, as they protect better the structure and activity of lactoferrin. It is also clear the need for research on LF encapsulation by different ways, to protect its properties before it reaches the intestine. All this knowledge would allow designing processes less harmful for LF, thus maintaining all its functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Franco
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Campus Metropolitano Víctor Levi Sasso, Panamá, Panamá
| | - María Dolores Pérez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Celia Conesa
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Calvo
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lourdes Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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27
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Wang B, Timilsena YP, Blanch E, Adhikari B. Lactoferrin: Structure, function, denaturation and digestion. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:580-596. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1381583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yakindra Prasad Timilsena
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC, Australia
| | - Ewan Blanch
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC, Australia
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28
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Lactoferricin Peptides Increase Macrophages' Capacity To Kill Mycobacterium avium. mSphere 2017; 2:mSphere00301-17. [PMID: 28875176 PMCID: PMC5577653 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00301-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Mycobacterium comprises several pathogenic species, including M. tuberculosis, M. leprae, M. avium, etc. Infections caused by these bacteria are particularly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic impermeability, low growth rate, and intracellular localization. Antimicrobial peptides are increasingly acknowledged as potential treatment tools, as they have a high spectrum of activity, low tendency to induce bacterial resistance, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we show that peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin (LFcin) improve the antimicrobial activity of ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium growing inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of a short version of lactoferricin containing amino acids 17 to 30 (d-LFcin17–30) causes intramacrophagic death of M. avium by increasing the formation of lysosomes and autophagosomes. This work opens the way to the use of lactoferricin-derived peptides to treat infections caused by mycobacteria and highlights important modulatory effects of d-FLcin17–30 on macrophages, which may be useful under other conditions in which macrophage activation is needed. Mycobacterial infections cause a significant burden of disease and death worldwide. Their treatment is long, toxic, costly, and increasingly prone to failure due to bacterial resistance to currently available antibiotics. New therapeutic options are thus clearly needed. Antimicrobial peptides represent an important source of new antimicrobial molecules, both for their direct activity and for their immunomodulatory potential. We have previously reported that a short version of the bovine antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin with amino acids 17 to 30 (LFcin17–30), along with its variants obtained by specific amino acid substitutions, killed Mycobacterium avium in broth culture. In the present work, those peptides were tested against M. avium living inside its natural host cell, the macrophage. We found that the peptides increased the antimicrobial action of the conventional antibiotic ethambutol inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of the lactoferricin peptide (d-LFcin17–30) was more stable and induced significant killing of intracellular mycobacteria by itself. Interestingly, d-LFcin17–30 did not localize to M. avium-harboring phagosomes but induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased the formation of lysosomes and autophagosome-like vesicles. These results lead us to conclude that d-LFcin17–30 primes macrophages for intracellular microbial digestion through phagosomal maturation and/or autophagy, culminating in mycobacterial killing. IMPORTANCE The genus Mycobacterium comprises several pathogenic species, including M. tuberculosis, M. leprae, M. avium, etc. Infections caused by these bacteria are particularly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic impermeability, low growth rate, and intracellular localization. Antimicrobial peptides are increasingly acknowledged as potential treatment tools, as they have a high spectrum of activity, low tendency to induce bacterial resistance, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we show that peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin (LFcin) improve the antimicrobial activity of ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium growing inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of a short version of lactoferricin containing amino acids 17 to 30 (d-LFcin17–30) causes intramacrophagic death of M. avium by increasing the formation of lysosomes and autophagosomes. This work opens the way to the use of lactoferricin-derived peptides to treat infections caused by mycobacteria and highlights important modulatory effects of d-FLcin17–30 on macrophages, which may be useful under other conditions in which macrophage activation is needed.
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Inhibitory Effect of Bovine Lactoferrin on Catechol-O-Methyltransferase. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081373. [PMID: 28825621 PMCID: PMC6152271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a well-known multifunctional protein. In this study, we report the inhibitory potency of bovine LF (bLF) on catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which catalyzes methylation of catechol substrates. We found that bLF binds to and inhibits COMT using its N-terminal region. An N-terminal peptide fragment obtained from bLF by trypsin digestion showed a higher inhibitory activity than intact bLF. A synthetic fragment of the bLF N-terminal residues 6-50, with two pairs of disulfide bonds, also showed higher inhibitory activity than intact bLF. Enzyme kinetic studies proved that bLF did not compete with S-adenosylmethionine (the methyl donor substrate) as well as methyl acceptor substrates such as dihydroxybenzoic acid, (-)-epicatechin, norepinephrine, or l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine. The inhibitory potency of bLF decreased against a COMT preparation pretreated with dithiothreitol, suggesting that the oxidation status of COMT is relevant to interaction with bLF. We further confirmed that COMT activity in the cell extracts form Caco-2 and HepG2 cells was inhibited by bLF and by the synthesized fragment. Enzyme kinetic study indicated that bLF functions as a non-competitive inhibitor by binding to an allosteric surface of COMT.
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Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in premature infants with high case fatality and significant morbidity among survivors. Immaturity of intestinal host defenses predisposes the premature infant gut to injury. An abnormal bacterial colonization pattern with a deficiency of commensal bacteria may lead to a further breakdown of these host defense mechanisms, predisposing the infant to NEC. Here, we review the role of the innate and adaptive immune system in the pathophysiology of NEC.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/immunology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/microbiology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/physiopathology
- Evidence-Based Medicine
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Infant, Premature
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/immunology
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/microbiology
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/physiopathology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Intestinal Mucosa/physiopathology
- Intestines/blood supply
- Intestines/immunology
- Intestines/physiopathology
- Milk, Human/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Denning
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Amina M Bhatia
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrea F Kane
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ravi M Patel
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Patricia W Denning
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
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31
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Liao N, Zhong J, Zhang R, Ye X, Zhang Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Chen S, Liu D, Liu R. Protein-Bound Polysaccharide from Corbicula fluminea Inhibits Cell Growth in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167889. [PMID: 27959954 PMCID: PMC5154514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel protein-bound polysaccharide, CFPS-1, isolated from Corbicula fluminea, is composed predominantly of mannose (Man) and glucose (Glc) in a molar ratio of 3.1:12.7. The polysaccharide, with an average molecular weight of about 283 kDa, also contains 10.8% protein. Atomic force microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses revealed that CFPS-1 has a backbone of 1,6-linked and 1,4,6-linked-α-D-Glc, which is terminated with a 1-linked-α-D-Man residue at the O-4 position of 1,4,6-linked-α-D-Glc, in a molar ratio of 3:1:1. Preliminary in vitro bioactivity tests revealed that CFPS-1 effectively and dose-dependently inhibits human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell growth, with an IC50 of 243 ± 6.79 and 1142 ± 14.84 μg/mL, respectively. In MCF-7, CFPS-1 produced a significant up-regulation of p53, p21, Bax and cleaved caspase-7 and down-regulation of Cdk4, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and caspase-7. These effects resulted in cell cycle blockade at the S-phase and apoptosis induction. In contrast, in MDA-MB-231, with limited degree of change in cell cycle distribution, CFPS-1 increases the proportion of cells in apoptotic sub-G1 phase executed by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and caspase-7 and up-regulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-7. This study extends our understanding of the anticancer mechanism of C. fluminea protein-bound polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningbo Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Zhong
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuexia Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Science & Technology for Inspection & Quarantine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruihai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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Alexander DB, Iigo M, Abdelgied M, Ozeki K, Tanida S, Joh T, Takahashi S, Tsuda H. Bovine lactoferrin and Crohn's disease: a case study. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 95:133-141. [PMID: 28165294 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A 22-year-old male suffering from abdominal pain, repeated diarrhea, and weight loss visited the Digestive Disease Department of Nagoya City University Hospital on 19 December 2011. He was hospitalized and diagnosed with Crohn's colitis. His Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was 415. Treatment by granulocyte apheresis, mesalazine, and adalimumab was started. His CDAI was 314 on 30 December and 215 on 5 January. A colonoscopic examination on 19 January showed almost complete remission in the transverse colon and marked remission in the rectum. Mesalazine therapy was stopped on 28 February, and the patient was instructed to self-inject 40 mg of adalimumab every other week. His CDAI was 50 on 10 April, indicating clinical remission. His last self-injection of adalimumab was on 24 April 2012, and he started taking 1 g of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) daily. His CDAI was 35 on 8 January 2013. He continued taking 1 g of bLF daily without any other treatment for Crohn's disease. Laboratory blood tests on 7 September 2015 showed no sign of disease recurrence, and a colonoscopic examination on 23 October 2015 showed almost complete mucosal healing. This case indicates that ingestion of bLF to maintain Crohn's disease in a remissive state should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaaki Iigo
- a Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdelgied
- a Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,b Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,c Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- d Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanida
- d Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Joh
- d Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- b Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- a Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Sharma D, Shastri S, Sharma P. Role of lactoferrin in neonatal care: a systematic review. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:1920-1932. [PMID: 27593940 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1232384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin (LF) is present in breast milk and have numerous properties including antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer. Recent studies have emphasized the role of LF in neonatal care Aims and objective: To evaluate the various roles of LF in neonatal care in preterm infants. SEARCH METHODS The literature search was done for this systematic review by searching the electronic database namely Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Index Copernicus, African Index Medicus (AIM), Thomson Reuters (ESCI), Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), SCIWIN (Scientific World Index), Google Scholar, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Information System (LILACS), Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR), Index Medicus for the South-East Asian Region (IMSEAR), Western Pacific Region Index Medicus (WPRIM), various sites for ongoing trials namely clinical trial registry ( www.clinicaltrials.gov , www.controlled-trials.com , Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( http://www.anzctr.org.au ), Indian Clinical Trials Registry ( http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials ), and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry, and Platform ( http://www.who.int/ictrp/search/en/ ) and abstracts of conferences namely proceedings of Pediatric Academic Societies (American Pediatric Society, Society for Pediatric Research, and European Society for Pediatric Research). RESULTS Nine eligible studies were analyzed that fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the systematic review. Six duplicate publications were excluded from review. Four studies were excluded due to nonfulfillment of inclusion criteria. All of the studies had more than one outcome of interest. Four studies showed reduction in late onset sepsis (LOS), one showed reduction in invasive fungal infection (IFI), three showed significant decrease in incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), one showed reduction in NEC scares, and two showed decrease in mortality, and one showed decrease in combined death and/or NEC. Only one study evaluated role of LF for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) reduction and showed lower rate of VAP. Still the role of LF in Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is unclear. CONCLUSION LF has shown to be promising agent for reduction of LOS and NEC. The role of LF in prevention of neonatal mortality, BPD, and ROP needs further studies. The trials that are going on around the world may be able to give reply of this question in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- a Consultant Neonatologist, NEOCLINIC, Plot number 3 & 4, Everest Vihar, TN Mishra Marg, Nirman Nagar , Jaipur , Rajasthan , India
| | - Sweta Shastri
- b Department of Pathology , N.K.P Salve Medical College , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India , and
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- c Department of Medicine , Mahatma Gandhi Medical College , Jaipur , Rajasthan , India
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Bruni N, Capucchio MT, Biasibetti E, Pessione E, Cirrincione S, Giraudo L, Corona A, Dosio F. Antimicrobial Activity of Lactoferrin-Related Peptides and Applications in Human and Veterinary Medicine. Molecules 2016; 21:E752. [PMID: 27294909 PMCID: PMC6273662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a vast array of molecules produced by virtually all living organisms as natural barriers against infection. Among AMP sources, an interesting class regards the food-derived bioactive agents. The whey protein lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that plays a significant role in the innate immune system, and is considered as an important host defense molecule. In search for novel antimicrobial agents, Lf offers a new source with potential pharmaceutical applications. The Lf-derived peptides Lf(1-11), lactoferricin (Lfcin) and lactoferrampin exhibit interesting and more potent antimicrobial actions than intact protein. Particularly, Lfcin has demonstrated strong antibacterial, anti-fungal and antiparasitic activity with promising applications both in human and veterinary diseases (from ocular infections to osteo-articular, gastrointestinal and dermatological diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Bruni
- Istituto Farmaceutico Candioli, Beinasco (To) 10092, Italy.
| | | | - Elena Biasibetti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10095, Italy.
| | - Enrica Pessione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy.
| | - Simona Cirrincione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy.
| | | | | | - Franco Dosio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
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35
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Hennet T, Borsig L. Breastfed at Tiffany's. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 41:508-518. [PMID: 27093946 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The importance of breast milk for the growing infant is undisputed; breastfeeding decreases infantile mortality by tenfold and decreases the incidence of infectious diseases. Despite its recognized benefits, the structural richness of breast milk has also impeded the characterization of the multiple effects of milk components on infant physiology. However, the important roles of some components of breast milk are beginning to be dissected. For instance, molecules such as immunoglobulin A (IgA) and milk oligosaccharides protect from gastrointestinal infections and influence the development of the gut microbiota. Deciphering the complex composition of breast milk brings to light multifaceted contributions that combine to make breast milk the ultimate personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Hennet
- Department of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Department of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich, Switzerland
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36
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Moniruzzaman M, Alam JM, Dohra H, Yamazaki M. Antimicrobial Peptide Lactoferricin B-Induced Rapid Leakage of Internal Contents from Single Giant Unilamellar Vesicles. Biochemistry 2015; 54:5802-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Moniruzzaman
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, ‡Nanomaterials Research
Division, Research Institute of Electronics, §Instrumental Research Support Office,
Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, and ∥Department of Physics, Faculty of
Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Jahangir Md. Alam
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, ‡Nanomaterials Research
Division, Research Institute of Electronics, §Instrumental Research Support Office,
Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, and ∥Department of Physics, Faculty of
Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Hideo Dohra
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, ‡Nanomaterials Research
Division, Research Institute of Electronics, §Instrumental Research Support Office,
Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, and ∥Department of Physics, Faculty of
Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, ‡Nanomaterials Research
Division, Research Institute of Electronics, §Instrumental Research Support Office,
Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, and ∥Department of Physics, Faculty of
Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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37
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Sharma D, Shastri S. Lactoferrin and neonatology – role in neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis: present, past and future. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:763-70. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1017463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Manzanares P, Salom JB, García-Tejedor A, Fernández-Musoles R, Ruiz-Giménez P, Gimeno-Alcañíz JV. Unraveling the mechanisms of action of lactoferrin-derived antihypertensive peptides: ACE inhibition and beyond. Food Funct 2015; 6:2440-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of lactoferrin-derived antihypertensive peptides shows that they might act on several molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Manzanares
- Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC)
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Juan B. Salom
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
- 46026 Valencia
- Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología
| | - Aurora García-Tejedor
- Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC)
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernández-Musoles
- Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC)
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Pedro Ruiz-Giménez
- Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC)
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - José V. Gimeno-Alcañíz
- Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC)
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
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39
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Saadi S, Saari N, Anwar F, Abdul Hamid A, Ghazali HM. Recent advances in food biopeptides: Production, biological functionalities and therapeutic applications. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:80-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Trepos R, Cervin G, Pile C, Pavia H, Hellio C, Svenson J. Evaluation of cationic micropeptides derived from the innate immune system as inhibitors of marine biofouling. BIOFOULING 2015; 31:393-403. [PMID: 26057499 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1048238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of 13 short synthetic amphiphilic cationic micropeptides, derived from the antimicrobial iron-binding innate defence protein lactoferrin, have been evaluated for their capacity to inhibit the marine fouling process. The whole biofouling process was studied and microfouling organisms such as marine bacteria and microalgae were included as well as the macrofouling barnacle Balanus improvisus. In total 19 different marine fouling organisms (18 microfoulers and one macrofouler) were included and both the adhesion and growth of the microfoulers were investigated. It was shown that the majority of the peptides inhibited barnacle cyprid settlement via a reversible nontoxic mechanism, with IC50 values as low as 0.5 μg ml(-1). Six peptides inhibited adhesion and growth of microorganisms. Two of these were particularly active against the microfoulers with MIC-values ranging between 0.01 and 1 μg ml(-1), which is comparable with the commercial reference antifoulant SeaNine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn Trepos
- a School of Biological Sciences , University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK
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41
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Hernández-Ledesma B, García-Nebot MJ, Fernández-Tomé S, Amigo L, Recio I. Dairy protein hydrolysates: Peptides for health benefits. Int Dairy J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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42
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a large potential portal for multiple infectious agents to enter the human body. The GI system performs multiple functions as part of the neonate's innate immune system, providing critical defense during a vulnerable period. Multiple mechanisms and actions are enhanced by the presence of human breast milk. Bioactive factors found in human milk work together to create and maintain an optimal and healthy environment, allowing the intestines to deliver ideal nutrition to the host and afford protection by a variety of mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Jakaitis
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, 3rd Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Patricia W Denning
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, 3rd Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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43
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Wada Y, Lönnerdal B. Bioactive peptides derived from human milk proteins — mechanisms of action. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:503-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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44
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Moscovici AM, Joubran Y, Briard-Bion V, Mackie A, Dupont D, Lesmes U. The impact of the Maillard reaction on the in vitro proteolytic breakdown of bovine lactoferrin in adults and infants. Food Funct 2014; 5:1898-908. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00248b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the Maillard reaction on proteolysis of the bioactive bovine lactoferrin is comparedin vitrobetween adults and infants for the first time, coupling proteomics to elucidate bioactive peptide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M. Moscovici
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yousef Joubran
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
| | | | - Alan Mackie
- Food and Health Group
- Institute of Food Research
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | | | - Uri Lesmes
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
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45
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Shimoni G, Shani Levi C, Levi Tal S, Lesmes U. Emulsions stabilization by lactoferrin nano-particles under in vitro digestion conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Comparative performance of milk proteins and their emulsions under dynamic in vitro adult and infant gastric digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Joubran Y, Mackie A, Lesmes U. Impact of the Maillard reaction on the antioxidant capacity of bovine lactoferrin. Food Chem 2013; 141:3796-802. [PMID: 23993551 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies raise the notion that the Maillard reaction (MR) may be harnessed to modify the antioxidant capacity of alimentary proteins. However, little is known about the impact of MR on bioactive proteins. Glucose and fructose were used as model moieties reacting with lactoferrin (LF). UV absorbance and SDS-PAGE analyses were used to monitor MR progression during 36 h of mild thermal processing (60 °C, 79% RH). FTIR and CD did not reveal changes in LF structure; However, dynamic light scattering showed MR increased mean particle sizes and sample turbidity at 3<pH<10. DPPH and FRAP antioxidant assays showed marked increases in antioxidant capacity of Maillard conjugates as a function of reaction time (12 and 36 h), protein:monosaccharide mole ratio (1:1 or 1:3) and moiety type, compared to unprocessed LF. Overall, a link between conjugates' antioxidant capacity and processing parameters is described to enable future attempts to enhance LF functionality in foods containing carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Joubran
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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48
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Théolier J, Hammami R, Labelle P, Fliss I, Jean J. Isolation and identification of antimicrobial peptides derived by peptic cleavage of whey protein isolate. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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49
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Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional protein and a member of the transferrin family. LF and lysozyme in breast milk kill bacteria. In the stomach, pepsin digests and releases a potent peptide antibiotic called lactoferricin from native LF. The antimicrobial characteristics of LF may facilitate a healthy intestinal microbiome. LF is the major whey in human milk; its highest concentration is in colostrum. This fact highlights early feeding of colostrum and also fresh mature milk as a way to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Sherman
- Division of Neonatology, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri Health System, University of Missouri, Suite 206, 404 Keene Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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50
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Antimicrobial lactoferrin peptides: the hidden players in the protective function of a multifunctional protein. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDES 2013; 2013:390230. [PMID: 23554820 PMCID: PMC3608178 DOI: 10.1155/2013/390230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin is a multifunctional, iron-binding glycoprotein which displays a wide array of modes of action to execute its primary antimicrobial function. It contains various antimicrobial peptides which are released upon its hydrolysis by proteases. These peptides display a similarity with the antimicrobial cationic peptides found in nature. In the current scenario of increasing resistance to antibiotics, there is a need for the discovery of novel antimicrobial drugs. In this context, the structural and functional perspectives on some of the antimicrobial peptides found in N-lobe of lactoferrin have been reviewed. This paper provides the comparison of lactoferrin peptides with other antimicrobial peptides found in nature as well as interspecies comparison of the structural properties of these peptides within the native lactoferrin.
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