1
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Wu MH, Valenca-Pereira F, Cendali F, Giddings EL, Pham-Danis C, Yarnell MC, Novak AJ, Brunetti TM, Thompson SB, Henao-Mejia J, Flavell RA, D'Alessandro A, Kohler ME, Rincon M. Deleting the mitochondrial respiration negative regulator MCJ enhances the efficacy of CD8 + T cell adoptive therapies in pre-clinical studies. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4444. [PMID: 38789421 PMCID: PMC11126743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48653-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration is essential for the survival and function of T cells used in adoptive cellular therapies. However, strategies that specifically enhance mitochondrial respiration to promote T cell function remain limited. Here, we investigate methylation-controlled J protein (MCJ), an endogenous negative regulator of mitochondrial complex I expressed in CD8 cells, as a target for improving the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapies. We demonstrate that MCJ inhibits mitochondrial respiration in murine CD8+ CAR-T cells and that deletion of MCJ increases their in vitro and in vivo efficacy against murine B cell leukaemia. Similarly, MCJ deletion in ovalbumin (OVA)-specific CD8+ T cells also increases their efficacy against established OVA-expressing melanoma tumors in vivo. Furthermore, we show for the first time that MCJ is expressed in human CD8 cells and that the level of MCJ expression correlates with the functional activity of CD8+ CAR-T cells. Silencing MCJ expression in human CD8 CAR-T cells increases their mitochondrial metabolism and enhances their anti-tumor activity. Thus, targeting MCJ may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to increase mitochondrial metabolism and improve the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Wu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Felipe Valenca-Pereira
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Francesca Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily L Giddings
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Catherine Pham-Danis
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael C Yarnell
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amanda J Novak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tonya M Brunetti
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Scott B Thompson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jorge Henao-Mejia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M Eric Kohler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Mercedes Rincon
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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2
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Diaz-Cabrera NM, Bauman BM, Iro MA, Dabbah-Krancher G, Molho-Pessach V, Zlotogorski A, Shamriz O, Dinur-Schejter Y, Sharon TD, Stepensky P, Tal Y, Eisenstein EM, Pietzsch L, Schuetz C, Abreu D, Coughlin CC, Cooper MA, Milner JD, Williams A, Armoni-Weiss G, Snow AL, Leiding JW. Management of Atopy with Dupilumab and Omalizumab in CADINS Disease. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:48. [PMID: 38231347 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) gene encodes a scaffold protein required for lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling. Dominant-negative, loss-of-function (LOF) pathogenic variants in CARD11 result in CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-κB signaling (CADINS) disease. Patients with CADINS suffer with severe atopic manifestations including atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and chronic spontaneous urticaria in addition to recurrent infections and autoimmunity. We assessed the response of dupilumab in five patients and omalizumab in one patient with CADINS for the treatment of severe atopic symptoms. CARD11 mutations were validated for pathogenicity using a T cell transfection assay to assess the impact on activation-induced signaling to NF-κB. Three children and three adults with dominant-negative CARD11 LOF mutations were included. All developed atopic disease in infancy or early childhood. In five patients, atopic dermatitis was severe and recalcitrant to standard topical and systemic medications; one adult suffered from chronic spontaneous urticaria. Subcutaneous dupilumab was initiated to treat atopic dermatitis and omalizumab to treat chronic spontaneous urticaria. All six patients had rapid and sustained improvement in atopic symptoms with no complications during the follow-up period. Previous medications used to treat atopy were able to be decreased or discontinued. In conclusion, treatment with dupilumab and omalizumab for severe, refractory atopic disease in patients with CADINS appears to be effective and well tolerated in patients with CADINS with severe atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Diaz-Cabrera
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, C-2013, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mildred A Iro
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gina Dabbah-Krancher
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, C-2013, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vered Molho-Pessach
- Pediatric Dermatology Service, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Zlotogorski
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oded Shamriz
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, The Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Dinur-Schejter
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tatyana Dubnikov Sharon
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Tal
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli M Eisenstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Leonora Pietzsch
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- UniversitätsCentrum Für Seltene Erkrankungen, Medizinische Fakultät Carl-Gustav-Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Damien Abreu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carrie C Coughlin
- Division of Dermatology, Departments of Medicine & Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan A Cooper
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony Williams
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gil Armoni-Weiss
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, C-2013, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
| | - Jennifer W Leiding
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, 600 Fifth Street South, Suite 3200, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA.
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3
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Liu G, Zhang Y, Han S, Zhuang W, Lv J, Han M, Xie L, Jiang X, Wang C, Saimaier K, Shen J, Du C. TPN10466 ameliorates Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice via inhibiting ERK/JNK/p38 signaling pathway. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250100. [PMID: 36648433 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) eventually progresses to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma, causing irreversible damage to the liver. Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice is a well-established model with pathophysiology similar to that of immune-mediated liver injury in human viral and autoimmune hepatitis, and it has been widely used to explore the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of human immune hepatitis. Artemisinin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects through unclear mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of the artemisinin derivative TPN10466 on AIH. In vitro studies showed that TPN10466 dose dependently inhibited the percentage of IFN-γ-producing T cells. Further studies showed that TPN10466 attenuated the disease severity of AIH by downregulating the ability of lymphocytes to secrete IFN-γ and by reducing lymphocyte number in the liver. In addition, we found that TPN10466 treatment reduced T-cell responses by inhibiting JNK, ERK, and p38 pathways. In conclusion, our work suggests that TPN10466 provides protection against the autoimmune disease AIH by suppressing the inflammatory response of T cells, suggesting that TPN10466 may be a promising potential agent for the treatment of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Sansheng Han
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyao Han
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangrui Jiang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaidireya Saimaier
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Dai X, Thompson EW, Ostrikov K(K. Receptor-Mediated Redox Imbalance: An Emerging Clinical Avenue against Aggressive Cancers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121880. [PMID: 36551308 PMCID: PMC9775490 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are more vulnerable to abnormal redox fluctuations due to their imbalanced antioxidant system, where cell surface receptors sense stress and trigger intracellular signal relay. As canonical targets of many targeted therapies, cell receptors sensitize the cells to specific drugs. On the other hand, cell target mutations are commonly associated with drug resistance. Thus, exploring effective therapeutics targeting diverse cell receptors may open new clinical avenues against aggressive cancers. This paper uses focused case studies to reveal the intrinsic relationship between the cell receptors of different categories and the primary cancer hallmarks that are associated with the responses to external or internal redox perturbations. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is examined as a promising redox modulation medium and highly selective anti-cancer therapeutic modality featuring dynamically varying receptor targets and minimized drug resistance against aggressive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Erik W. Thompson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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5
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Pomerantz JL, Milner JD, Snow AL. Elevated IgE from attenuated CARD11 signaling: lessons from atopic mice and humans. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 79:102255. [PMID: 36334349 PMCID: PMC10424059 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
CARD11 encodes a large scaffold protein responsible for integrating antigen-receptor engagement with downstream signaling to NF-kB and other outputs in lymphocytes. Over the past 10 years, several human-inborn errors of immunity have been linked to pathogenic CARD11 mutations. Most recently, severe atopic patients were discovered that carried heterozygous dominant-negative CARD11 mutations. Here, we review the mechanistic connections between attenuated CARD11 signaling, elevated IgE, and atopy, comparing and contrasting key insights from both human patients and murine models. Continued investigation of abnormal CARD11 signaling in both contexts should inform novel therapeutic strategies to combat allergic pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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6
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Jiang H, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Chu HY, Yu S, Yao S, Zhang G, Zhang BT. Drug Discovery of DKK1 Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:847387. [PMID: 35355709 PMCID: PMC8959454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.847387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a well-characterized Wnt inhibitor and component of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, whose dysregulation is associated with multiple abnormal pathologies including osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and various cancers. The Wnt signaling pathway has fundamental roles in cell fate determination, cell proliferation, and survival; thus, its mis-regulation can lead to disease. Although DKK1 is involved in other signaling pathways, including the β-catenin-independent Wnt pathway and the DKK1/CKAP4 pathway, the inhibition of DKK1 to propagate Wnt/β-catenin signals has been validated as an effective way to treat related diseases. In fact, strategies for developing DKK1 inhibitors have produced encouraging clinical results in different pathological models, and many publications provide detailed information about these inhibitors, which include small molecules, antibodies, and nucleic acids, and may function at the protein or mRNA level. However, no systematic review has yet provided an overview of the various aspects of their development and prospects. Therefore, we review the DKK1 inhibitors currently available or under study and provide an outlook on future studies involving DKK1 and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewen Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongkang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China.,Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hang Yin Chu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sifan Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China.,Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanshan Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China.,Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bao-Ting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-Based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong, China
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7
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Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Nowak R. Beep Test Does Not Induce Phosphorylation of Ras/MAPK- or JAK/STAT-Related Proteins in Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:823469. [PMID: 35370792 PMCID: PMC8965037 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.823469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Th1 cell subset is involved in the immunological response induced by physical exercise. The aim of this work is to evaluate the post-effort activation of Ras/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in T cells of young, physically active men. Seventy-six physically active, healthy men between 15 and 21 years old performed a standard physical exercise protocol (Beep test). Phosphorylation levels of Ras/MAPK-(p38 MAPK, ERK1/2) and JAK/STAT-related (STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6) proteins were evaluated by flow cytometry in Th and Tc cells post-effort and during the lactate recovery period. The performed physical effort was not a strong enough physiological stimulant to provoke the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 in T cells, at least for the duration of our study (the end of the lactate recovery period). We conclude that more observation time-points, including shorter and longer times after the exercise, are required to determine if the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in modulating the post-effort immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak,
| | - Robert Nowak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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8
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Shou X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Duan C, Yang Y, Jia Q, Yuan G, Shi J, Shi S, Cui H, Hu Y. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Molecular Mechanism of Qingzi Zhitong Decoction in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:727608. [PMID: 35237152 PMCID: PMC8883437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.727608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a disease with complex pathological mechanisms. We explored the potential molecular mechanisms behind the therapeutic functions of Qingzi Zhitong decoction (QZZTD) in the treatment of UC by network pharmacology and molecular docking. QZZTD is a formula of Chinese traditional medicine consisting of 10 herbs. The potential active ingredients of QZZTD and their target genes were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database, and UC-related target genes were obtained from GeneCards and OMIM databases. A total of 138 co-identified target genes were obtained by plotting the intersection target Venn diagram, and then the STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to establish protein-protein interaction networks and herb-ingredient-target networks. Four key active compounds and nine key proteins were identified. Then, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that the biological functions of potential target genes were associated with DNA transcription, signaling receptor and ligand activity, cytokine activity, cellular autophagy, and antioxidant pathways, with related pathways involving the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, advanced glycosylation end product (AGE)-RAGE signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Moreover, the binding activities of key target genes and essential active compounds of Chinese herbal medicines in QZZTD were further validated by molecular docking. This demonstrated that quercetin, luteolin, hyndarin, and beta-sitosterol had good binding to eight key proteins, and Akt1 was the target protein with the best binding activity, suggesting that Akt1 could be the essential mediator responsible for signaling transduction after QZZTD administration. The rat experiment verified that QZZTD inhibited PI3K-Akt pathway activation and reduced inflammation in UC. In conclusion, our study suggested four potential key active components, including quercetin, were identified in QZZTD, which could interact with Akt1 and modulate the activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The other three pathways may also be involved in the signaling transduction induced by QZZTD in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Shou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanju Zhang
- National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglin Duan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Yang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiulei Jia
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhen Yuan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Shi
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hanming Cui
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Smith AO, Jonassen JA, Preval KM, Davis RJ, Pazour GJ. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling contributes to cystic burden in polycystic kidney disease. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009711. [PMID: 34962918 PMCID: PMC8746764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited degenerative disease in which the uriniferous tubules are replaced by expanding fluid-filled cysts that ultimately destroy organ function. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common form, afflicting approximately 1 in 1,000 people. It primarily is caused by mutations in the transmembrane proteins polycystin-1 (Pkd1) and polycystin-2 (Pkd2). The most proximal effects of Pkd mutations leading to cyst formation are not known, but pro-proliferative signaling must be involved for the tubule epithelial cells to increase in number over time. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway promotes proliferation and is activated in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Using a mouse model of cystic kidney disease caused by Pkd2 loss, we observe JNK activation in cystic kidneys and observe increased nuclear phospho c-Jun in cystic epithelium. Genetic removal of Jnk1 and Jnk2 suppresses the nuclear accumulation of phospho c-Jun, reduces proliferation and reduces the severity of cystic disease. While Jnk1 and Jnk2 are thought to have largely overlapping functions, we find that Jnk1 loss is nearly as effective as the double loss of Jnk1 and Jnk2. Jnk pathway inhibitors are in development for neurodegeneration, cancer, and fibrotic diseases. Our work suggests that the JNK pathway should be explored as a therapeutic target for ADPKD. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a leading cause of end stage renal disease requiring dialysis or kidney transplant. During disease development, the cells lining the kidney tubules proliferate. This proliferation transforms normally small diameter tubules into fluid-filled cysts that enlarge with time, eventually destroying all kidney function. Despite decades of research, polycystic kidney disease remains incurable. Furthermore, the precise signaling events involved in cyst initiation and growth remain unclear. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), is a major pathway regulating cellular proliferation and differentiation but its importance to polycystic kidney disease was not known. We show that JNK activity is elevated in cystic kidneys and that reducing JNK activity decreases cyst growth pointing to JNK inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for treating polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail O. Smith
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Biotech II, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Jonassen
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenley M. Preval
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Biotech II, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roger J. Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Biotech II, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Biotech II, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Maik-Rachline G, Wortzel I, Seger R. Alternative Splicing of MAPKs in the Regulation of Signaling Specificity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123466. [PMID: 34943973 PMCID: PMC8699841 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades transmit signals from extracellular stimuli to a variety of distinct cellular processes. The MAPKKs in each cascade specifically phosphorylate and activate their cognate MAPKs, indicating that this step funnels various signals into a seemingly linear pathway. Still, the effects of these cascades vary significantly, depending on the identity of the extracellular signals, which gives rise to proper outcomes. Therefore, it is clear that the specificity of the signals transmitted through the cascades is tightly regulated in order to secure the desired cell fate. Indeed, many regulatory components or processes that extend the specificity of the cascades have been identified. Here, we focus on a less discussed mechanism, that is, the role of distinct components in each tier of the cascade in extending the signaling specificity. We cover the role of distinct genes, and the alternatively spliced isoforms of MAPKKs and MAPKs, in the signaling specificity. The alternatively spliced MEK1b and ERK1c, which form an independent signaling route, are used as the main example. Unlike MEK1/2 and ERK1/2, this route’s functions are limited, including mainly the regulation of mitotic Golgi fragmentation. The unique roles of the alternatively spliced isoforms indicate that these components play an essential role in determining the proper cell fate in response to distinct stimulations.
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11
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Mu LH, Wang Q, Zhao JY, Liu P, Hu Y. Immunosuppressive activity of a cycloartane triterpene glycoside from Beesia calthaefolia by inhibiting T cell proliferation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108349. [PMID: 34801419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BC-1 is a cycloartane triterpene glycoside isolated from the whole plant of Beesia calthaefolia. Our recent studies proved that BC-1 inhibited proliferation of splenic lymphocyte and phagocytosis of macrophages, and inhibited the increased production of TNF-α and IL-1β. However, it lacks of study about the immunomodulatory effect of BC-1 on purified T lymphocytes. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the suppressive potentials of BC-1 on immune responses in vitro. BC-1 markedly suppressed anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs (mAbs) induced murine T lymphocytes proliferation, the expression levels of CD69 and CD25 of CD3+ T cells. BC-1 could strongly decrease ratio of CD4+/CD8+, decrease the Th1/Th2 cytokines production (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10) of CD4+ T-cells. In addition, we studied signal transduction pathways about T-cell activation on puried murine CD4+ T lymphocytes by western-blot assay. The data revealed that BC-1 could inhibit the activation of JNK, ERK and PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathways. These results indicated that BC-1 possesses potential downregulating effect on the immune system and might be developed as an immunosuppressive agent in treatment of CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory and undesired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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12
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JNK signaling as a target for anticancer therapy. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:405-434. [PMID: 33710509 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The JNKs are members of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) which regulate many physiological processes including inflammatory responses, macrophages, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and death. It is increasingly clear that the continuous activation of JNKs has a role in cancer development and progression. Therefore, JNKs represent attractive oncogenic targets for cancer therapy using small molecule kinase inhibitors. Studies showed that the two major JNK proteins JNK1 and JNK2 have opposite functions in different types of cancers, which need more specification in the design of JNK inhibitors. Some of ATP- competitive and ATP non-competitive inhibitors have been developed and widely used in vitro, but this type of inhibitors lack selectivity and inhibits phosphorylation of all JNK substrates and may lead to cellular toxicity. In this review, we summarized and discussed the strategies of JNK binding inhibitors and the role of JNK signaling in the pathogenesis of different solid and hematological malignancies.
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13
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Cicuéndez B, Ruiz-Garrido I, Mora A, Sabio G. Stress kinases in the development of liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Metab 2021; 50:101190. [PMID: 33588102 PMCID: PMC8324677 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important component of metabolic syndrome and one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide. This disorder is closely linked to hepatic insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, and inflammation. Although the mechanisms that cause steatosis and chronic liver injury in NAFLD remain unclear, a key component of this process is the activation of stress-activated kinases (SAPKs), including p38 and JNK in the liver and immune system. This review summarizes findings which indicate that the dysregulation of stress kinases plays a fundamental role in the development of steatosis and are important players in inducing liver fibrosis. To avoid the development of steatohepatitis and liver cancer, SAPK activity must be tightly regulated not only in the hepatocytes but also in other tissues, including cells of the immune system. Possible cellular mechanisms of SAPK actions are discussed. Hepatic JNK triggers steatosis and insulin resistance, decreasing lipid oxidation and ketogenesis in HFD-fed mice. Decreased liver expression of p38α/β in HFD increases lipogenesis. Hepatic p38γ/δ drive insulin resistance and inhibit autophagy, which may lead to steatosis. Macrophage p38α/β promote cytokine production and M1 polarization, leading to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Myeloid p38γ/δ contribute to cytokine production and neutrophil migration, protecting against steatosis, diabetes and NAFLD. JNK1 and p38γ induce HCC while p38α blocks it. However, deletion of hepatic JNK1/2 induces cholangiocarcinoma. SAPK are potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders, steatohepatitis and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cicuéndez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Ruiz-Garrido
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Soares MF, Melo LM, Bragato JP, Furlan ADO, Scaramele NF, Lopes FL, Lima VMFD. Differential expression of miRNAs in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) exposed to Leishmania infantum in vitro. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:58-63. [PMID: 33302213 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease, caused by L. infantum in the New World, where dogs are the main reservoir. These parasites can regulate host immune response through miRNA differential expression in the early stages of infection; however such early response has not yet been investigated in the canine model. PBMC from healthy dogs were exposed to L. infantum in vitro and microarray analysis showed an upregulation of miR-206, miR-302d, miR-433, miR-214, miR-493, miR-514, miR-1835, miR-210, miR-539, miR-432, miR-188, miR-345 and downregulation of miR-489 and miR-503 in comparison to non-exposed control cells, at 24 h post-exposure. In silico target prediction showed that the upregulated miRNAs target 1541 genes, which can modulate important pathways involved in the early immune responses, like the "MAPK signaling pathway", one of the most relevant pathways to Leishmania survival inside host cells. These findings shed light on parasite modulation of host immunity following Leishmania infection, which in turn can be explored for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Fujimura Soares
- Department of Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Martins Melo
- Department of Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Poleto Bragato
- Department of Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Oliveira Furlan
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Francisco Scaramele
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lombardi Lopes
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bagnoud M, Briner M, Remlinger J, Meli I, Schuetz S, Pistor M, Salmen A, Chan A, Hoepner R. c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102154. [PMID: 32977663 PMCID: PMC7598244 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is upregulated during multiple sclerosis relapses and at the peak of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We aim to investigate the effects of pharmacological pan-JNK inhibition on the course of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) EAE disease using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. EAE was induced in female C57BL/6JRj wild type mice using MOG35-55. SP600125 (SP), a reversible adenosine triphosphate competitive pan-JNK inhibitor, was then given orally after disease onset. Positive correlation between SP plasma and brain concentration was observed. Nine, but not three, consecutive days of SP treatment led to a significant dose-dependent decrease of mean cumulative MOG35-55 EAE severity that was associated with increased mRNA expression of interferon gamma (INF-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the spinal cord. On a histological level, reduced spinal cord immune cell-infiltration predominantly of CD3+ T cells as well as increased activity of Iba1+ cells were observed in treated animals. In addition, in vitro incubation of murine and human CD3+ T cells with SP resulted in reduced T cell apoptosis and proliferation. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that pharmacological pan-JNK inhibition might be a treatment strategy for autoimmune central nervous system demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Bagnoud
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-6323076
| | - Myriam Briner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jana Remlinger
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Meli
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Schuetz
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Pistor
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anke Salmen
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.B.); (J.R.); (I.M.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Patel P, Naik UP. Platelet MAPKs-a 20+ year history: What do we really know? J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:2087-2102. [PMID: 32574399 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The existence of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in platelets has been known for more than 20 years. Since that time hundreds of reports have been published describing the conditions that cause MAPK activation in platelets and their role in regulating diverse platelet functions from the molecular to physiological level. However, this cacophony of reports, with inconsistent and sometimes contradictory findings, has muddied the waters leading to great confusion. Since the last review of platelet MAPKs was published more than a decade ago, there have been more than 50 reports, including the description of novel knockout mouse models, that have furthered our knowledge. Therefore, we undertook an extensive literature review to delineate what is known about platelet MAPKs. We specifically discuss what is currently known about how MAPKs are activated and what signaling cascades they regulate in platelets incorporating recent findings from knockout mouse models. In addition, we will discuss the role each MAPK plays in regulating distinct platelet functions. In doing so, we hope to clarify the role for MAPKs and identify knowledge gaps in this field that await future researchers. In addition, we discuss the limitations of current studies with a particular focus on the off-target effects of commonly used MAPK inhibitors. We conclude with a look at the clinical utility of MAPK inhibitors as potential antithrombotic therapies with an analysis of current clinical trial data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Patel
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulhas P Naik
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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The IL-33-induced p38-/JNK1/2-TNFα axis is antagonized by activation of β-adrenergic-receptors in dendritic cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8152. [PMID: 32424229 PMCID: PMC7235212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-33, an IL-1 cytokine superfamily member, induces the activation of the canonical NF-κB signaling, and of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs). In dendritic cells (DCs) IL-33 induces the production of IL-6, IL-13 and TNFα. Thereby, the production of IL-6 depends on RelA whereas the production of IL-13 depends on the p38-MK2/3 signaling module. Here, we show that in addition to p65 and the p38-MK2/3 signaling module, JNK1/2 are essential for the IL-33-induced TNFα production. The central roles of JNK1/2 and p38 in DCs are underpinned by the fact that these two MAPK pathways are controlled by activated β-adrenergic receptors resulting in a selective regulation of the IL-33-induced TNFα response in DCs.
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18
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Choi DW, Jung SY, Shon DH, Shin HS. Piperine Ameliorates Trimellitic Anhydride-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Symptoms by Suppressing Th2-Mediated Immune Responses via Inhibition of STAT6 Phosphorylation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092186. [PMID: 32392825 PMCID: PMC7248773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease predominately related to Type 2 helper T (Th2) immune responses. In this study, we investigated whether piperine is able to improve AD symptoms using a trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced AD-like mouse model. Topical treatment with piperine reduced ear swelling (ear thickness and epidermal thickness) induced by TMA exposure. Furthermore, piperine inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β in mouse ears, compared with the TMA-induced AD group. In measuring allergic immune responses in draining lymph nodes (dLNs), we found that IL-4 secretion, GATA3 mRNA level, and STAT6 phosphorylation were suppressed by piperine treatment. In an ex vivo study, piperine also inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT6 on the CD4+ T cells isolated from splenocytes of BALB/c mice, and piperine suppressed IL-4-induced CCL26 mRNA expression and STAT6 phosphorylation in human keratinocytes resulting in the inhibition of infiltration of CCR3+ cells into inflammatory lesions. These results demonstrate that piperine could ameliorate AD symptoms through suppression of Th2-mediated immune responses, including the STAT6/GATA3/IL-4 signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that piperine is an excellent candidate as an inhibitor of STAT6 and may help to improve AD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Woon Choi
- Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.Y.J.)
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
| | - Sun Young Jung
- Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.Y.J.)
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Department of Food Processing and Distribution, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25457, Korea;
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (D.W.C.); (S.Y.J.)
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
- Correspondence:
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19
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Wei X, Zhang Y, Li C, Ai K, Li K, Li H, Yang J. The evolutionarily conserved MAPK/Erk signaling promotes ancestral T-cell immunity in fish via c-Myc-mediated glycolysis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3000-3016. [PMID: 31996375 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway involved in numerous physiological processes. Despite great advances in understanding MAPK-mediated regulation of adaptive immune responses in mammals, its contribution to T-cell immunity in early vertebrates remains unclear. Herein, we used Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to investigate the regulatory roles of MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signaling in ancestral T-cell immunity of jawed fish. We found that Nile tilapia possesses an evolutionarily conserved MAPK/Erk axis that is activated through a classical three-tier kinase cascade, involving sequential phosphorylation of RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (Raf), MAPK/Erk kinase 1/2 (Mek1/2), and Erk1/2. In Nile tilapia, MAPK/Erk signaling participates in adaptive immune responses during bacterial infection. Upon T-cell activation, the MAPK/Erk axis is robustly activated, and MAPK/Erk blockade by specific inhibitors severely impairs T-cell activation. Furthermore, signals from MAPK/Erk were indispensable for primordial T cells to proliferate and exert their effector functions. Mechanistically, activation of the MAPK/Erk axis promoted glycolysis via induction of the transcriptional regulator proto-oncogene c-Myc (c-Myc), to ensure the proper activation and proliferation of fish T cells. Our results reveal the regulatory mechanisms of MAPK/Erk signaling in T-cell immunity in fish and highlight a close link between immune signals and metabolic programs. We propose that regulation of T-cell immunity by MAPK/Erk is a basic and sophisticated strategy that evolved before the emergence of the tetrapod lineage. These findings shed light on the evolution of the adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kete Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jialong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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20
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Karki A, Giddings E, Carreras A, Champagne D, Fortner K, Rincon M, Wu J. Sonoporation as an Approach for siRNA delivery into T cells. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:3222-3231. [PMID: 31540758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.06.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) into primary T cells is quite challenging because they are non-proliferating cells and are difficult to transfect with non-viral approaches. Because sonoporation is independent of the proliferation status of cells and siRNA acts in the cell cytoplasm, we investigated whether sonoporation could be used to deliver siRNA into mouse and human T cells. Cells mixed with Definity microbubbles and siRNA were sonicated with a non-focused transducer of center frequency 2.20 MHz producing ultrasound at a 10% duty cycle, pulse repetition frequency of 2.20 kHz and spatial average temporal average ultrasound intensity of 1.29 W/cm2 for 5 s and then examined for siRNA fluorescence by flow cytometry analysis. These sonoporation conditions resulted in high-efficiency transfection of siRNA in mouse and human T cells. Further, the efficacy of siRNA delivery by sonoporation was illustrated by the successful visualization of decreased methylation-controlled J protein expression in mouse and human CD8 T cells via Western blot analysis. The results provide the first evidence that sonoporation is a novel approach to delivery of siRNA into fresh isolated mouse and human T cells in vitro, and might be used for in vivo studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Karki
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Emily Giddings
- Division of Immunobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Ana Carreras
- Division of Immunobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Devin Champagne
- Division of Immunobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Karen Fortner
- Division of Immunobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Mercedes Rincon
- Division of Immunobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
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21
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Anselmo F, Tatomir A, Boodhoo D, Mekala AP, Nguyen V, Rus V, Rus H. JNK and phosphorylated Bcl-2 predict multiple sclerosis clinical activity and glatiramer acetate therapeutic response. Clin Immunol 2019; 210:108297. [PMID: 31698073 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of JNK and phospho-Bcl-2 as possible biomarkers of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse and of glatiramer acetate (GA) therapeutic response in relapsing-remitting MS patients. We enrolled a cohort of 15 GA-treated patients and measured the expression of JNK1, JNK2, phospho-JNK and phospho-Bcl-2 through Western blotting of lysates from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after initiating GA therapy. We found significantly higher levels of JNK1 p54 and JNK2 p54 and significantly lower levels of p-Bcl-2 in relapse patients and in GA non-responders. By using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we found that the probability of accurately detecting relapse and response to GA was: 92% and 75.5%, respectively, for JNK1 p54 and 86% and 94.6%, respectively, for p-Bcl-2. Our data suggest that JNK1 and p-Bcl-2 could serve as potential biomarkers for MS relapse and the therapeutic response to GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurosciences, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Armugam P Mekala
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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22
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Zhao M, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Sun G, Tian H, Hong L. Polymorphisms in MAPK9 (rs4147385) and CSF1R (rs17725712) are associated with the development of inhibitors in patients with haemophilia A in North China. Int J Lab Hematol 2019; 41:572-577. [PMID: 31149782 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The formation of neutralizing antibodies (FVIII inhibitors) in haemophilia A patients is an immune response to the deficient factor. This process is multifactorial and includes environmental and genetic factors. Some genetic markers that play a decisive role in the immune response have been identified as risk factors for inhibitor development. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in several genes involved in the regulation of the immune response and inhibitor development in patients with haemophilia A in North China. METHODS We analysed eight SNPs (MAPK9 rs4147385, CSF1R rs17725712, CD44 rs927335, STAT4 rs7574865, IKZF1 rs4917014, ETS1 rs6590330, BANK1 rs17266594 and rs10516487) by Snapshot SNP genotyping assays in 100 haemophilia A patients, including 29 with inhibitors and 71 without inhibitors. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the rs17725712 A allele and the AA homozygous genotype of CSF1R were more frequent in patients with inhibitors. The rs4147385 G allele in MAPK9 was also more frequent in the inhibitor cohort. CONCLUSION We confirmed an association of CSF1R rs17725712 and MAPK9 rs4147385 with inhibitor development in haemophilia A patients in North China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guoxun Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Tian
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Luojia Hong
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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23
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Castro-Torres RD, Landa J, Rabaza M, Busquets O, Olloquequi J, Ettcheto M, Beas-Zarate C, Folch J, Camins A, Auladell C, Verdaguer E. JNK Isoforms Are Involved in the Control of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice, Both in Physiological Conditions and in an Experimental Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5856-5865. [PMID: 30685843 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus allows the continuous generation of new neurons. This cellular process can be disturbed under specific environmental conditions, such as epileptic seizures; however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for their control remain largely unknown. Although different studies have linked the JNK (c-Jun-N-terminal-kinase) activity with the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, the specific function of JNK in controlling adult hippocampal neurogenesis is not well known. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of JNK isoforms (JNK1/JNK2/JNK3) in adult-hippocampal neurogenesis. To achieve this goal, we used JNK-knockout mice (Jnk1-/-, Jnk2-/-, and Jnk3-/-), untreated and treated with intraperitoneal injections of kainic acid (KA), as an experimental model of epilepsy. In each condition, we identified cell subpopulations at different stages of neuronal maturation by immunohistochemical specific markers. In physiological conditions, we evidenced that JNK1 and JNK3 control the levels of one subtype of early progenitor cells (GFAP+/Sox2+) but not the GFAP+/Nestin+ cell subtype. Moreover, the absence of JNK1 induces an increase of immature neurons (Doublecortin+; PSA-NCAM+ cells) compared with wild-type (WT). On the other hand, Jnk1-/- and Jnk3-/- mice showed an increased capacity to maintain hippocampal homeostasis, since calbindin immunoreactivity is higher than in WT. An important fact is that, after KA injection, Jnk1-/- and Jnk3-/- mice show no increase in the different neurogenic cell subpopulation analyzed, in contrast to what occurs in WT and Jnk2-/- mice. All these data support that JNK isoforms are involved in the adult neurogenesis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Castro-Torres
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración Neural, C.U.C.B.A, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jon Landa
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Rabaza
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 5 Poniente No. 1670, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración Neural, C.U.C.B.A, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jaume Folch
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Liu J, Gallo RM, Khan MA, Iyer AK, Kratzke IM, Brutkiewicz RR. JNK2 modulates the CD1d-dependent and -independent activation of iNKT cells. Eur J Immunol 2018; 49:255-265. [PMID: 30467836 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play critical roles in autoimmune, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial immune responses, and are activated by glycolipids presented by the MHC class I-like molecule, CD1d. How the activation of signaling pathways impacts antigen (Ag)-dependent iNKT cell activation is not well-known. In the current study, we found that the MAPK JNK2 not only negatively regulates CD1d-mediated Ag presentation in APCs, but also contributes to CD1d-independent iNKT cell activation. A deficiency in the JNK2 (but not JNK1) isoform enhanced Ag presentation by CD1d. Using a vaccinia virus (VV) infection model known to cause a loss in iNKT cells in a CD1d-independent, but IL-12-dependent manner, we found the virus-induced loss of iNKT cells in JNK2 KO mice was substantially lower than that observed in JNK1 KO or wild-type (WT) mice. Importantly, compared to WT mice, JNK2 KO mouse iNKT cells were found to express less surface IL-12 receptors. As with a VV infection, an IL-12 injection also resulted in a smaller decrease in JNK2 KO iNKT cells as compared to WT mice. Overall, our work strongly suggests JNK2 is a negative regulator of CD1d-mediated Ag presentation and contributes to IL-12-induced iNKT cell activation and loss during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richard M Gallo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhirami K Iyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ian M Kratzke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Randy R Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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25
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Dai S, Chen X, Yu Y, Zang G, Tang Z. Immunization with lentiviral vector‑modified dendritic cells encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen promotes Th1 differentiation and antiviral immunity by enhancing p38 MAPK and JNK activation in HBV transgenic mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4691-4699. [PMID: 30221736 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem. T helper (Th)1‑associated cytokines are involved in HBV clearance during acute and persistent infection. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that lentiviral vectors encoding ubiquitinated hepatitis B core antigen (LV‑Ub‑HBcAg) effectively transduced dendritic cells (DCs) to induce maturation, which promoted T cell polarization to Th1 and generated HBcAg‑specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) ex vivo. In the present study, HBV transgenic mice were immunized with LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs and HBcAg‑specific immune responses were evaluated. Cytokine expression was analyzed by ELISA. T lymphocyte proliferation was detected with a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and HBcAg‑specific CTL activity was determined using a lactate dehydrogenase release assay. The expression levels of p38‑mitogen‑activated protein kinase (p38‑MAPK), phosphorylated (p)‑p38MAPK, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) and p‑JNK were detected by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs significantly increased the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio, and effectively reduced the levels of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV DNA, and liver HBsAg and HBcAg. Furthermore, the LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs upregulated the expression of p‑P38‑MAPK and p‑JNK in T lymphocytes. In conclusion, the present study indicated that LV‑Ub‑HBcAg‑transduced DCs generated predominant Th1 responses and enhanced CTL activity in HBV transgenic mice. Activation of the P38‑MAPK/JNK signaling pathway may be involved in this induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Zang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghao Tang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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26
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DUSP6 mediates T cell receptor-engaged glycolysis and restrains T FH cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8027-E8036. [PMID: 30087184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800076115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and effector-cell differentiation but the factors involved are unclear. Utilizing mice lacking DUSP6 (DUSP6-/-), we show that this phosphatase regulates T cell receptor (TCR) signaling to influence follicular helper T (TFH) cell differentiation and T cell metabolism. In vitro, DUSP6-/- CD4+ TFH cells produced elevated IL-21. In vivo, TFH cells were increased in DUSP6-/- mice and in transgenic OTII-DUSP6-/- mice at steady state. After immunization, DUSP6-/- and OTII-DUSP6-/- mice generated more TFH cells and produced more antigen-specific IgG2 than controls. Activated DUSP6-/- T cells showed enhanced JNK and p38 phosphorylation but impaired glycolysis. JNK or p38 inhibitors significantly reduced IL-21 production but did not restore glycolysis. TCR-stimulated DUSP6-/- T cells could not induce phosphofructokinase activity and relied on glucose-independent fueling of mitochondrial respiration. Upon CD28 costimulation, activated DUSP6-/- T cells did not undergo the metabolic commitment to glycolysis pathway to maintain viability. Unexpectedly, inhibition of fatty acid oxidation drastically lowered IL-21 production in DUSP6-/- TFH cells. Our findings suggest that DUSP6 connects TCR signaling to activation-induced metabolic commitment toward glycolysis and restrains TFH cell differentiation via inhibiting IL-21 production.
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27
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Haleagrahara N, Hodgson K, Miranda-Hernandez S, Hughes S, Kulur AB, Ketheesan N. Flavonoid quercetin-methotrexate combination inhibits inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinase expression, providing protection to joints in collagen-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:1219-1232. [PMID: 29616452 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of synovial tissues in joints, leading to progressive destruction of cartilage and joints. The disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs currently in use have side-effects. Thus, there is an urgent need for safe anti-inflammatory therapies for RA. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the flavonoid quercetin on arthritis in mice immunized with type II collagen (CII). An arthritis model was established in C57/BL6 mice by intradermal administration of chicken CII mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant. Quercetin (30 mg/kg orally) and methotrexate (0.75 mg intraperitoneally twice a week) were administered to investigate their protective effects against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), 3, and 9 were detected to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin. The mRNA expression of MMP3, MMP9, CCL2, and TNF-α was also measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Quercetin significantly alleviated joint inflammation by reducing the levels of circulating cytokines and MMPs. There was a significant decrease in the expression of TNFα and MMP genes in the ankle joints of arthritic mice. A significant reduction in the levels of knee-joint inflammatory mediators were observed with combined quercetin and methotrexate treatment. Thus, quercetin has the potential to prevent joint inflammation and could be used as an adjunct therapy for RA patients who have an inadequate response to anti-rheumatic monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraja Haleagrahara
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. .,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Kelly Hodgson
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Socorro Miranda-Hernandez
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Samuel Hughes
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Anupama Bangra Kulur
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Natkunam Ketheesan
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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28
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Zhang L, Li J, Cui L, Shang J, Tian F, Wang R, Xing G. MicroRNA-30b promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury and alleviates autophagy through JNK and NF-κB pathways in HK-2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:842-851. [PMID: 29635893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt loss of kidney function. MicroRNA-30b (miR-30b) has been reported to be involved in the inflammatory reaction of a variety of diseases. However, the role of miR-30b in AKI remains unknown. In this research, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-30b in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced kindey inflammatory injury in vitro and in vivo. METHODS In vitro, after miR-30b mimic/inhibitor transfection and/or LPS treatment, the viability, apoptosis, autophagy and inflammatory cytokines releases, as well as activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot, respectively. In vivo, after LPS treatment and/or anti-miR-30b administration, the levels of creatinine, the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histologic scores, as well as concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were assessed by creatinine assay kit, ALT assay kit and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS LPS inhibited HK-2 cell viability and induced HK-2 cell apoptosis, autophagy and the releases of inflammatory cytokines. Overexpression of miR-30b promoted LPS-induced HK-2 cell viability inhibition, cell inflammatory cytokines releases, cell apoptosis induction and activation of JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways, but inhibited LPS-induced HK-2 cell autophagy. Suppression of miR-30b had opposite effects. Moreover, suppression of miR-30b alleviated the LPS-induced kidney injury in mice model by decreasing creatinine level, ALT activity and histologic scores, as well as concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION miR-30b participated in the LPS-induced kindey inflammatory injury in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan250021, Shandong, China; Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China
| | - Jinchun Shang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China
| | - Fen Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Guangqun Xing
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266021, Shandong, China.
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29
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Yan J, Zhao W, Thomson JK, Gao X, DeMarco DM, Carrillo E, Chen B, Wu X, Ginsburg KS, Bakhos M, Bers DM, Anderson ME, Song LS, Fill M, Ai X. Stress Signaling JNK2 Crosstalk With CaMKII Underlies Enhanced Atrial Arrhythmogenesis. Circ Res 2018; 122:821-835. [PMID: 29352041 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, and advanced age is an inevitable and predominant AF risk factor. However, the mechanisms that couple aging and AF propensity remain unclear, making targeted therapeutic interventions unattainable. OBJECTIVE To explore the functional role of an important stress response JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling and consequently Ca2+-mediated atrial arrhythmias. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a series of cutting-edge electrophysiological and molecular techniques, exploited the power of transgenic mouse models to detail the molecular mechanism, and verified its clinical applicability in parallel studies on donor human hearts. We discovered that significantly increased activity of the stress response kinase JNK2 (JNK isoform 2) in the aged atria is involved in arrhythmic remodeling. The JNK-driven atrial proarrhythmic mechanism is supported by a pathway linking JNK, CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II), and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release RyR2 (ryanodine receptor) channels. JNK2 activates CaMKII, a critical proarrhythmic molecule in cardiac muscle. In turn, activated CaMKII upregulates diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak mediated by RyR2 channels. This leads to aberrant intracellular Ca2+ waves and enhanced AF propensity. In contrast, this mechanism is absent in young atria. In JNK challenged animal models, this is eliminated by JNK2 ablation or CaMKII inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We have identified JNK2-driven CaMKII activation as a novel mode of kinase crosstalk and a causal factor in atrial arrhythmic remodeling, making JNK2 a compelling new therapeutic target for AF prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Yan
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Justin K Thomson
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xianlong Gao
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Dominic M DeMarco
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Elena Carrillo
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Biyi Chen
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Kenneth S Ginsburg
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Mamdouh Bakhos
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Donald M Bers
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Mark E Anderson
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Michael Fill
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.)
| | - Xun Ai
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL (J.Y., W.Z., D.M.D., E.C., M.F., X.A.); Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology (J.Y., W.Z., J.K.T., X.G., D.M.D., E.C., X.W., X.A.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (M.B.), Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (B.C., L.-S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (K.S.G., D.M.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (M.E.A.).
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30
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Liu C, Zhang CW, Zhou Y, Wong WQ, Lee LC, Ong WY, Yoon SO, Hong W, Fu XY, Soong TW, Koo EH, Stanton LW, Lim KL, Xiao ZC, Dawe GS. APP upregulation contributes to retinal ganglion cell degeneration via JNK3. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:663-678. [PMID: 29238071 PMCID: PMC5864187 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal injury is a common feature of central nervous system insults. Upregulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is observed following central nervous system neurotrauma and is regarded as a marker of central nervous system axonal injury. However, the underlying mechanism by which APP mediates neuronal death remains to be elucidated. Here, we used mouse optic nerve axotomy (ONA) to model central nervous system axonal injury replicating aspects of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in optic neuropathies. APP and APP intracellular domain (AICD) were upregulated in retina after ONA and APP knockout reduced Tuj1+ RGC loss. Pathway analysis of microarray data combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation and a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that AICD interacts with the JNK3 gene locus and regulates JNK3 expression. Moreover, JNK3 was found to be upregulated after ONA and to contribute to Tuj1+ RGC death. APP knockout reduced the ONA-induced enhanced expression of JNK3 and phosphorylated JNK (pJNK). Gamma-secretase inhibitors prevented production of AICD, reduced JNK3 and pJNK expression similarly, and protected Tuj1+ RGCs from ONA-induced cell death. Together these data indicate that ONA induces APP expression and that gamma-secretase cleavage of APP releases AICD, which upregulates JNK3 leading to RGC death. This pathway may be a novel target for neuronal protection in optic neuropathies and other forms of neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Technical University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.,Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Yi Zhou
- Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Wan Qing Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Group, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Liying Corinne Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Wei Yi Ong
- Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Sung Ok Yoon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Xin-Yuan Fu
- Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Lawrence W Stanton
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Group, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Cheng Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, 3800, Australia. .,The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Gavin S Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore. .,Neurobiology and Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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31
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Jahreis S, Kuhn S, Madaj AM, Bauer M, Polte T. Mold metabolites drive rheumatoid arthritis in mice via promotion of IFN-gamma- and IL-17-producing T cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:405-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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PATHAK SHALUKUMARI, SAH VAISHALI, SAILO LALRENGPUII, CHAUDHARY RAJNI, SINGH AKANSHA, KUMAR RAVI, KUMAR AMIT. Expression profiling of immune genes in classical swine fever vaccinated indigenous and crossbred piglets. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v87i10.75238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease of pigs which courses from life-threatening to asymptomatic, depending on the virulence of the virus strain and the immune-competence of the host. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression of immunologically important genes, viz. IFNα, IFNβ, SLA, SLA-2, SLA-DR, Ii, SLA-DM, CSK and JUN and to ascertain genetic group differences on the basis of humoral immune response. Blood samples were collected from 5 indigenous and 6 crossbred piglets at pre-vaccination and after 28th day of classical swine fever (CSF) vaccination. On 28th day, the competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (cELISA) revealed poor humoral immune response (E2 antibodies) in indigenous piglets (84.80%) as compared to crossbred piglets (98.33%) in response to CSF vaccination. The expression level of genes was analyzed in three ways, viz. indigenous 28th day post-vaccination (28dpv) versus pre-vaccination, crossbred 28th day post-vaccination versus pre-vaccination and crossbred 28th day post-vaccination versus indigenous 28th day post-vaccination. The study showed that IFNα, IFNβ, SLA, SLA-2, Ii, SLA-DM, CSK and JUN were significantly upregulated in crossbred piglets than indigenous piglets at 28th day post-vaccination. But the SLA-DR was significantly downregulated in CSF vaccinated crossbred over indigenous piglets.
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33
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c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 promotes enterocyte survival and goblet cell differentiation in the inflamed intestine. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1211-1223. [PMID: 28098247 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) contribute to immune signaling but their functional role during intestinal mucosal inflammation has remained ill defined. Using genetic mouse models, we characterized the role of JNK1 and JNK2 during homeostasis and acute colitis. Epithelial apoptosis, regeneration, differentiation, and barrier function were analyzed in intestinal epithelium-specific (ΔIEC) or complete JNK1 and bone marrow chimeric or complete JNK2 deficient mice as well as double-knockout animals (JNK1ΔIECJNK2-/-) during homeostasis and acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Results were confirmed using human HT-29 cells and wild-type or JNK2-deficient mouse intestinal organoid cultures. We show that nonhematopoietic JNK2 but not JNK1 expression confers protection from DSS-induced intestinal inflammation reducing epithelial barrier dysfunction and enterocyte apoptosis. JNK2 additionally enhanced Atonal homolog 1 expression, goblet cell and enteroendocrine cell differentiation, and mucus production under inflammatory conditions. Our results identify a protective role of epithelial JNK2 signaling to maintain mucosal barrier function, epithelial cell integrity, and mucus layer production in the event of inflammatory tissue damage.
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34
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Xiang QD, Yu Q, Wang H, Zhao MM, Liu SY, Nie SP, Xie MY. Immunomodulatory Activity of Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide on Purified T Lymphocytes through Ca 2+/CaN and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Based on RNA Sequencing. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5306-5315. [PMID: 28608696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) has immunomodulatory activity on spleen lymphocytes. However, how PSG-1 exerts its effect on purified lymphocytes is still obscure. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of PSG-1 on purified T lymphocytes and further elucidate the underlying mechanism based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Our results showed that PSG-1 promoted T lymphocytes proliferation and increased the production of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-12. Meanwhile, RNA-seq analysis found 394 differentially expressed genes. KEGG pathway analysis identified 20 significant canonical pathways and seven biological functions. Furthermore, PSG-1 elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration and calcineurin (CaN) activity and raised the p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 expression levels. T lymphocytes proliferation and the production of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-12 were decreased by the inhibitors of calcium channel and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). These results indicated that PSG-1 possesses immunomodulatory activity on purified T lymphocytes, in which Ca2+/CaN and MAPK pathways play essential roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Dan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Life Science & College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
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35
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de Lemos L, Junyent F, Camins A, Castro-Torres RD, Folch J, Olloquequi J, Beas-Zarate C, Verdaguer E, Auladell C. Neuroprotective Effects of the Absence of JNK1 or JNK3 Isoforms on Kainic Acid-Induced Temporal Lobe Epilepsy-Like Symptoms. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4437-4452. [PMID: 28664455 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway has been largely associated with the pathogenesis and the neuronal death that occur in neurodegenerative diseases. Altogether, this justifies why JNKs have become a focus of screens for new therapeutic strategies. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of the different JNK isoforms (JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3) in apoptosis and inflammation after induction of brain damage. To address this aim, we induced excitotoxicity in wild-type and JNK knockout mice (jnk1 -/- , jnk2 -/- , and jnk3 -/- ) via an intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid, an agonist of glutamic-kainate-receptors, that induce status epilepticus.Each group of animals was divided into two treatments: a single intraperitoneal dose of saline solution, used as a control, and a single intraperitoneal dose (30 mg/kg) of kainic acid. Our results reported a significant decrease in neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus of jnk1 -/- and jnk3 -/- mice after kainic acid treatment, together with reduced or unaltered expression of several apoptotic genes compared to WT treated mice. In addition, both jnk1 -/- and jnk3 -/- mice exhibited a reduction in glial reactivity, as shown by the lower expression of inflammatory genes and a reduction of JNK phosphorylation. In addition, in jnk3 -/- mice, the c-Jun phosphorylation was also diminished.Collectively, these findings provide compelling evidence that the absence of JNK1 or JNK3 isoforms confers neuroprotection against neuronal damage induced by KA and evidence, for the first time, the implication of JNK1 in excitotoxicity. Accordingly, JNK1 and/or JNK3 are promising targets for the prevention of cell death and inflammation during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa de Lemos
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 641, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Felix Junyent
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 641, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 641, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Darío Castro-Torres
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 641, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratorio de Regeneración Neural, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jaume Folch
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Laboratorio de Regeneración Neural, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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36
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Pastore N, Attanasio S, Granese B, Castello R, Teckman J, Wilson AA, Ballabio A, Brunetti‐Pierri N. Activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway aggravates proteotoxicity of hepatic mutant Z alpha1-antitrypsin. Hepatology 2017; 65:1865-1874. [PMID: 28073160 PMCID: PMC5485069 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disease that can affect both the lung and the liver. The vast majority of patients harbor a mutation in the serine protease inhibitor 1A (SERPINA1) gene leading to a single amino acid substitution that results in an unfolded protein that is prone to polymerization. Alpha1-antitrypsin defciency-related liver disease is therefore caused by a gain-of-function mechanism due to accumulation of the mutant Z alpha1-antitrypsin (ATZ) and is a key example of an disease mechanism induced by protein toxicity. Intracellular retention of ATZ triggers a complex injury cascade including apoptosis and other mechanisms, although several aspects of the disease pathogenesis are still unclear. We show that ATZ induces activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun and that genetic ablation of JNK1 or JNK2 decreased ATZ levels in vivo by reducing c-Jun-mediated SERPINA1 gene expression. JNK activation was confirmed in livers of patients homozygous for the Z allele, with severe liver disease requiring hepatic transplantation. Treatment of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell-hepatic cells with a JNK inhibitor reduced accumulation of ATZ. CONCLUSION These data reveal that JNK is a key pathway in the disease pathogenesis and add new therapeutic entry points for liver disease caused by ATZ. (Hepatology 2017;65:1865-1874).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Pastore
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliNaplesItaly,Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTX
| | | | - Barbara Granese
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliNaplesItaly,Department of Translational MedicineFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | | | - Jeffrey Teckman
- Department of PediatricsSaint Louis University School of Medicine, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical CenterSaint LouisMOUSA
| | - Andrew A. Wilson
- Boston University Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical CenterBostonMA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliNaplesItaly,Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTX,Department of Translational MedicineFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Nicola Brunetti‐Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliNaplesItaly,Department of Translational MedicineFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
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Cimmino I, Lorenzo V, Fiory F, Doti N, Ricci S, Cabaro S, Liotti A, Vitagliano L, Longo M, Miele C, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Ruvo M, Oriente F. A peptide antagonist of Prep1-p160 interaction improves ceramide-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71845-71858. [PMID: 29069751 PMCID: PMC5641094 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prep1 is a homeodomain transcription factor belonging to the TALE protein family. Its overexpression affects glucose metabolism in several tissues. In particular, in skeletal muscle tissue the interaction of Prep1 with its cofactor p160 impairs GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake. In this study, we show that ceramides (C2cer), a class of lipids antagonizing insulin signalling, increase the levels of Prep1 and p160 in a dose and time-dependent fashion in L6 cells and induce their association by 80%. We find that C2cer exposure inhibits insulin receptor, IRS1 and Akt phosphorylation and reduces insulin-stimulated glycogen content and glucose uptake by 1.3- and 2.1-fold, respectively. The synthetic Prep1(54-72) peptide, mimicking the Prep1 region involved in the interaction with p160, reduces in vitro Prep1-p160 binding in a dose-dependent way (IC50 = 0.20μM). In C2cer-treated L6 cells, 10μM Prep1(54-72) restores insulin signalling impaired by ceramide treatment. Prep1 overexpressing L6 cells display similar metabolic alterations observed in ceramide-treated L6 cells and the presence of Prep1(54-72) mitigates these events. All these findings suggest that disruption of the Prep1/p160 molecular interaction enhances insulin sensitivity impaired by ceramides in skeletal muscle cells and indicate this complex as an important target for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Lorenzo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Fiory
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Ricci
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Cabaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Oriente
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
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38
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Qu SY, Lin JJ, Zhang J, Song LQ, Yang XM, Wu CG. Notch signaling pathway regulates the growth and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse basophils. Cell Immunol 2017; 318:29-34. [PMID: 28669409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Basophils (BAs) are the least common granulocytes of all leukocytes, but they play an important role in orchestrating of chronic allergic inflammation. The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway that influences cell lineage decisions and differentiation during various stages of development. However, the relationship between Notch signaling and BA remains to be elucidate. Here, we report that several Notch signaling molecules were found to be expressed in BAs. γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) treatment increase BAs apoptosis, and suppress BAs proliferation. Furthermore, GSI reduced BAs in the S phase, with a concomitant accumulation in G1 and G2 phases. In addition, GSI also significantly down-regulated mRNA levels of cytokines IL-4, IL-6 and IL-13 induced by A23187, and this effect was dependent on MAPK pathway. Finally, IL-6 inhibition was specifically associated with ERK and IL-13 with JNK. Therefore, Notch signaling regulates BA biological function, at least partially via the modulation of MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Yao Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Jia-Ji Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Li-Qiang Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Xue-Min Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Chang-Gui Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China.
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39
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Low level of Lck kinase in Th2 cells limits expression of CD4 co-receptor and S73 phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2339. [PMID: 28539628 PMCID: PMC5443812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02553-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Src-family tyrosine kinase Lck is an enzyme associated with the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors and promoting signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) complex. The levels of Lck expression and activity change during the development and differentiation of T cells. Here we show that Lck expression is higher in Th1 cells as compared to Th2 cells. Ectopic overexpression of Lck in Th2 cells results in increased expression of CD4 co-receptor and enhanced S73 phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun. Our findings indicate that TCR-mediated signaling in Th2 cells may be directly attenuated by Lck protein expression level.
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40
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Herek TA, Cutucache CE. Using Murine Models to Investigate Tumor-Lymphoid Interactions: Spotlight on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2017; 7:86. [PMID: 28512625 PMCID: PMC5411430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the tumor microenvironment in leukemias and lymphomas is well established, yet the intricacies of how the malignant cells regulate and influence their non-malignant counterparts remain elusive. For example, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an expansion of malignant CD5+CD19+ B cells, yet the non-malignant T cells play just as large of a role in disease presentation and etiology. Herein, we review the dynamic tumor cell to lymphoid repertoire interactions found in two non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes: CLL and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. We aim to highlight the pivot work done in the murine models which recapitulate these diseases and explore the insights that can be gained from studying the immuno-oncological regulation of non-malignant lymphoid counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Herek
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
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41
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Villanueva JE, Walters SN, Saito M, Malle EK, Zammit NW, Watson KA, Brink R, La Gruta NL, Alexander SI, Grey ST. Targeted deletion of Traf2 allows immunosuppression-free islet allograft survival in mice. Diabetologia 2017; 60:679-689. [PMID: 28062921 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Administration of anti-CD40 ligand (CD40L) antibodies has been reported to allow long-term islet allograft survival in non-human primates without the need for exogenous immunosuppression. However, the use of anti-CD40L antibodies was associated with thromboembolic complications. Targeting downstream intracellular components shared between CD40 and other TNF family co-stimulatory molecules could bypass these complications. TNF receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) integrates multiple TNF receptor family signalling pathways that are critical for T cell activation and may be a central node of alloimmune responses. METHODS T cell-specific Traf2-deficient mice (Traf2TKO) were generated to define the role of TRAF2 in CD4+ T cell effector responses that mediate islet allograft rejection in vivo. In vitro allograft responses were tested using mixed lymphocyte reactions and analysis of IFN-γ and granzyme B effector molecule expression. T cell function was assessed using anti-CD3/CD28-mediated proliferation and T cell polarisation studies. RESULTS Traf2TKO mice exhibited permanent survival of full MHC-mismatched pancreatic islet allografts without exogenous immunosuppression. Traf2TKO CD4+ T cells exhibited reduced proliferation, activation and acquisition of effector function following T cell receptor stimulation; however, both Traf2TKO CD4+ and CD8+ T cells exhibited impaired alloantigen-mediated proliferation and acquisition of effector function. In polarisation studies, Traf2TKO CD4+ T cells preferentially converted to a T helper (Th)2 phenotype, but exhibited impaired Th17 differentiation. Without TRAF2, thymocytes exhibited dysregulated TNF-mediated induction of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and canonical NFκB pathways. Critically, targeting TRAF2 in T cells did not impair the acute phase of CD8-dependent viral immunity. These data highlight a specific requirement for a TRAF2-NFκB and TRAF2-JNK signalling cascade in T cell activation and effector function in rejecting islet allografts. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Targeting TRAF2 may be useful as a therapeutic approach for immunosuppression-free islet allograft survival that avoids the thromboembolic complications associated with the use of anti-CD40L antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette E Villanueva
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Stacey N Walters
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisabeth K Malle
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Nathan W Zammit
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Katherine A Watson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- B Cell Biology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen I Alexander
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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42
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Tolerance to the antinociceptive and hypothermic effects of morphine is mediated by multiple isoforms of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Neuroreport 2016; 27:392-6. [PMID: 26914092 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The abuse and overdose of opioid drugs are growing public health problems worldwide. Although progress has been made toward understanding the mechanisms governing tolerance to opioids, the exact cellular machinery involved remains unclear. However, there is growing evidence to suggest that c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) play a major role in mu-opioid receptor regulation and morphine tolerance. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential roles of different JNK isoforms in the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive and hypothermic effects of morphine. We used the hot-plate and tail-flick tests for thermal pain to measure tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of once-daily subcutaneous injections with 10 mg/kg morphine. Body temperature was also measured to determine tolerance to the hypothermic effects of morphine. Tolerance to morphine was assessed in wild-type mice and compared with single knockout mice each lacking the JNK isoforms (JNK1, JNK2, or JNK3). We found that loss of each individual JNK isoform causes impairment in tolerance for the antinociceptive and hypothermic effects of daily morphine. However, disruption of JNK2 seems to have the most profound effect on morphine tolerance. These results indicate a clear role for JNK signaling pathways in morphine tolerance. This complements previous studies suggesting that the JNK2 isoform is required for morphine tolerance, but additionally presents novel data suggesting that additional JNK isoforms also contribute toward this process.
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43
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Shen Y, Park CS, Suppipat K, Mistretta TA, Puppi M, Horton TM, Rabin K, Gray NS, Meijerink JPP, Lacorazza HD. Inactivation of KLF4 promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and activates the MAP2K7 pathway. Leukemia 2016; 31:1314-1324. [PMID: 27872496 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy with a high incidence of relapse in pediatric ALL. Although most T-ALL patients exhibit activating mutations in NOTCH1, the cooperating genetic events required to accelerate the onset of leukemia and worsen disease progression are largely unknown. Here, we show that the gene encoding the transcription factor KLF4 is inactivated by DNA methylation in children with T-ALL. In mice, loss of KLF4 accelerated the development of NOTCH1-induced T-ALL by enhancing the G1-to-S transition in leukemic cells and promoting the expansion of leukemia-initiating cells. Mechanistically, KLF4 represses the gene encoding the kinase MAP2K7. Our results showed that in murine and pediatric T-ALL, loss of KLF4 leads to aberrant activation of MAP2K7 and of the downstream effectors JNK and ATF2. As a proof-of-concept for the development of a targeted therapy, administration of JNK inhibitors reduced the expansion of leukemia cells in cell-based and patient-derived xenograft models. Collectively, these data uncover a novel function for KLF4 in regulating the MAP2K7 pathway in T-ALL cells, which can be targeted to eradicate leukemia-initiating cells in T-ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shen
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C S Park
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Suppipat
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T-A Mistretta
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Puppi
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T M Horton
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Rabin
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J P P Meijerink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam and the Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H D Lacorazza
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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44
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Yang R, Masters AR, Fortner KA, Champagne DP, Yanguas-Casás N, Silberger DJ, Weaver CT, Haynes L, Rincon M. IL-6 promotes the differentiation of a subset of naive CD8+ T cells into IL-21-producing B helper CD8+ T cells. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2281-2291. [PMID: 27670591 PMCID: PMC5068236 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-6 promotes the differentiation of a subset of naïve CD8+ T cells into IL-21–producing B helper CD8+ T cells. IL-6 is known to contribute to the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into different subsets of effector T helper cells. Less is known about the potential of IL-6 in regulating CD8+ T cell effector function. Here, we identify IL-6 as a master regulator of IL-21 in effector CD8+ T cells. IL-6 promotes the differentiation of a subset of naive CD8+ T cells that express IL-6R into a unique population of effector CD8+ T cells characterized by the production of high levels of IL-21 and low levels of IFN-γ. Similar to CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, IL-21–producing CD8+ T cells generated in the presence of IL-6 directly provide help to B cells to induce isotype switching. CD8+ T cell–derived IL-21 contributes to the production of protective virus-specific IgG antibodies during influenza virus infection. Thus, this study reveals the presence of a new mechanism by which IL-6 regulates antibody production during viral infection, and a novel function of effector CD8+ T cells in the protection against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Department of Medicine/Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - April R Masters
- Center on Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Karen A Fortner
- Department of Medicine/Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Devin P Champagne
- Department of Medicine/Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Natalia Yanguas-Casás
- Department of Medicine/Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Daniel J Silberger
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Casey T Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Laura Haynes
- Center on Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Mercedes Rincon
- Department of Medicine/Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
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Vernia S, Edwards YJ, Han MS, Cavanagh-Kyros J, Barrett T, Kim JK, Davis RJ. An alternative splicing program promotes adipose tissue thermogenesis. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27635635 PMCID: PMC5026472 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing expands the complexity of the transcriptome and controls isoform-specific gene expression. Whether alternative splicing contributes to metabolic regulation is largely unknown. Here we investigated the contribution of alternative splicing to the development of diet-induced obesity. We found that obesity-induced changes in adipocyte gene expression include alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Bioinformatics analysis associated part of this alternative splicing program with sequence specific NOVA splicing factors. This conclusion was confirmed by studies of mice with NOVA deficiency in adipocytes. Phenotypic analysis of the NOVA-deficient mice demonstrated increased adipose tissue thermogenesis and improved glycemia. We show that NOVA proteins mediate a splicing program that suppresses adipose tissue thermogenesis. Together, these data provide quantitative analysis of gene expression at exon-level resolution in obesity and identify a novel mechanism that contributes to the regulation of adipose tissue function and the maintenance of normal glycemia. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17672.001 The process of building a protein from the information encoded in a gene begins when the gene is copied to form a pre-messenger RNA molecule. This molecule is then edited to produce a final messenger RNA that is “translated” to form the protein. Different segments of the pre-messenger RNA molecule can be removed to create different messenger RNAs. This “alternative splicing” enables a single gene to produce multiple protein variants, allowing a diverse range of processes to be performed by cells. Fat cells store energy in the form of fats and can release this energy as heat in a process called thermogenesis. This helps to regulate the body’s metabolism and prevent obesity. Vernia et al. now find that that feeding mice a high-fat diet causes widespread changes in alternative splicing in fat cells. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that the NOVA family of splicing factors – proteins that bind to the pre-messenger RNAs to control alternative splicing – contribute to the alternative splicing of around a quarter of the genes whose splicing changes in response to a fatty diet. Mice whose fat cells were deficient in the NOVA splicing factors displayed increased thermogenesis. As a consequence, when these animals were fed a high-fat diet, they gained less weight than animals in which NOVA proteins were present. Their metabolic activity was also better, meaning they were less likely to show the symptoms of pre-diabetes. Moreover, the activity of certain genes that are known to promote thermogenesis was greater in the fat cells that were deficient in NOVA proteins. Overall, the results presented by Vernia et al. suggest that the normal role of NOVA proteins is to carry out an alternative splicing program that suppresses thermogenesis, which in turn may promote obesity. Drugs that are designed to target NOVA proteins and increase thermogenesis may therefore help to treat metabolic diseases and obesity. The next step is to identify the protein variants that are generated by NOVA proteins and work out how they contribute to thermogenesis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17672.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Vernia
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Yvonne Jk Edwards
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Myoung Sook Han
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Julie Cavanagh-Kyros
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, United States
| | - Tamera Barrett
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, United States
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, United States
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46
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Ramo K, Sugamura K, Craige S, Keaney JF, Davis RJ. Suppression of ischemia in arterial occlusive disease by JNK-promoted native collateral artery development. eLife 2016; 5:e18414. [PMID: 27504807 PMCID: PMC4999312 DOI: 10.7554/elife.18414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial occlusive diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Blood flow to the affected tissue must be restored quickly if viability and function are to be preserved. We report that disruption of the mixed-lineage protein kinase (MLK) - cJun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in endothelial cells causes severe blockade of blood flow and failure to recover in the murine femoral artery ligation model of hindlimb ischemia. We show that the MLK-JNK pathway is required for the formation of native collateral arteries that can restore circulation following arterial occlusion. Disruption of the MLK-JNK pathway causes decreased Dll4/Notch signaling, excessive sprouting angiogenesis, and defects in developmental vascular morphogenesis. Our analysis demonstrates that the MLK-JNK signaling pathway is a key regulatory mechanism that protects against ischemia in arterial occlusive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasmir Ramo
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Koichi Sugamura
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Siobhan Craige
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - John F Keaney
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, United States
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Kim E, Ahn S, Rhee HI, Lee DC. Coptis chinensis Franch. extract up-regulate type I helper T-cell cytokine through MAPK activation in MOLT-4 T cell. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:126-131. [PMID: 27224239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch. (Huanglian) has been widely used in Asian traditional medicine. It was already known that Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome has various pharmacological properties including its anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activity. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the immune-enhancement effect of the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract on helper T cells and its signaling mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS MOLT-4 human T cell line was used to investigate the effect of the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay and cytokine expression level was analyzed by ELISA and qRTPCR. MAPKs signal molecule's activation level was detected by immunoblotting. RESULTS The expression of IFN-γ, a cytokine of type I helper T (Th1) cell, increased; however, IL-4 was not affected by the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract. Other Th1 cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6, also increased. These data suggest that the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract activates MOLT-4 cell to Th1 cell, not type II helper T cell. Furthermore, the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract activates the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The results obtained from this study suggest that the Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizome extract should be used as an immune enhancer in anti-inflammatory medicine, adjuvant materials, and as a supplement to treat weakened immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sejin Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae-Ik Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deug-Chan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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JNK Signaling: Regulation and Functions Based on Complex Protein-Protein Partnerships. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2016; 80:793-835. [PMID: 27466283 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00043-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), as members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, mediate eukaryotic cell responses to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stress insults. JNKs also regulate important physiological processes, including neuronal functions, immunological actions, and embryonic development, via their impact on gene expression, cytoskeletal protein dynamics, and cell death/survival pathways. Although the JNK pathway has been under study for >20 years, its complexity is still perplexing, with multiple protein partners of JNKs underlying the diversity of actions. Here we review the current knowledge of JNK structure and isoforms as well as the partnerships of JNKs with a range of intracellular proteins. Many of these proteins are direct substrates of the JNKs. We analyzed almost 100 of these target proteins in detail within a framework of their classification based on their regulation by JNKs. Examples of these JNK substrates include a diverse assortment of nuclear transcription factors (Jun, ATF2, Myc, Elk1), cytoplasmic proteins involved in cytoskeleton regulation (DCX, Tau, WDR62) or vesicular transport (JIP1, JIP3), cell membrane receptors (BMPR2), and mitochondrial proteins (Mcl1, Bim). In addition, because upstream signaling components impact JNK activity, we critically assessed the involvement of signaling scaffolds and the roles of feedback mechanisms in the JNK pathway. Despite a clarification of many regulatory events in JNK-dependent signaling during the past decade, many other structural and mechanistic insights are just beginning to be revealed. These advances open new opportunities to understand the role of JNK signaling in diverse physiological and pathophysiological states.
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Noh H, Lee H, Park E, Park S. Proper closure of the optic fissure requires ephrin A5-EphB2-JNK signaling. Development 2016; 143:461-72. [PMID: 26839344 DOI: 10.1242/dev.129478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of complex organs such as the eye requires a delicate and coordinated balance of cell division and cell death. Although apoptosis is prevalent in the proximoventral optic cup, the precise role it plays in eye development needs to be investigated further. In this study, we show that reduced apoptosis in the proximoventral optic cup prevents closure of the optic fissure. We also show that expression of ephrin A5 (Efna5) partially overlaps with Eph receptor B2 (Ephb2) expression in the proximoventral optic cup and that binding of EphB2 to ephrin A5 induces a sustained activation of JNK. This prolonged JNK signal promotes apoptosis and prevents cell proliferation. Thus, we propose that the unique cross-subclass interaction of EphB2 with ephrin A5 has evolved to function upstream of JNK signaling for the purpose of maintaining an adequate pool of progenitor cells to ensure proper closure of the optic fissure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuna Noh
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Haeryung Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Eunjeong Park
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Soochul Park
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea
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50
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Champagne DP, Hatle KM, Fortner KA, D'Alessandro A, Thornton TM, Yang R, Torralba D, Tomás-Cortázar J, Jun YW, Ahn KH, Hansen KC, Haynes L, Anguita J, Rincon M. Fine-Tuning of CD8(+) T Cell Mitochondrial Metabolism by the Respiratory Chain Repressor MCJ Dictates Protection to Influenza Virus. Immunity 2016; 44:1299-311. [PMID: 27234056 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration is regulated in CD8(+) T cells during the transition from naive to effector and memory cells, but mechanisms controlling this process have not been defined. Here we show that MCJ (methylation-controlled J protein) acted as an endogenous break for mitochondrial respiration in CD8(+) T cells by interfering with the formation of electron transport chain respiratory supercomplexes. Metabolic profiling revealed enhanced mitochondrial metabolism in MCJ-deficient CD8(+) T cells. Increased oxidative phosphorylation and subcellular ATP accumulation caused by MCJ deficiency selectively increased the secretion, but not expression, of interferon-γ. MCJ also adapted effector CD8(+) T cell metabolism during the contraction phase. Consequently, memory CD8(+) T cells lacking MCJ provided superior protection against influenza virus infection. Thus, MCJ offers a mechanism for fine-tuning CD8(+) T cell mitochondrial metabolism as an alternative to modulating mitochondrial mass, an energetically expensive process. MCJ could be a therapeutic target to enhance CD8(+) T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin P Champagne
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Ketki M Hatle
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Karen A Fortner
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tina M Thornton
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Rui Yang
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Daniel Torralba
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA
| | - Julen Tomás-Cortázar
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio 48160 Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Yong Woong Jun
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Electro-Photo Behaviors in Advanced Molecular Systems, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-Gu, Pohang, 790-784 Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Electro-Photo Behaviors in Advanced Molecular Systems, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-Gu, Pohang, 790-784 Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laura Haynes
- Center on Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Juan Anguita
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio 48160 Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rincon
- Program in Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405 USA.
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