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Laghezza A, Cerchia C, Genovese M, Montanari R, Capelli D, Wackerlig J, Simic S, Falbo E, Pecora L, Leuci R, Brunetti L, Piemontese L, Tortorella P, Biswas A, Singh RP, Tambe S, Sudeep CA, Pattnaik AK, Jayaprakash V, Paoli P, Lavecchia A, Loiodice F. A chemical modification of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pan agonist produced a shift to a new dual alpha/gamma partial agonist endowed with mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibition and antidiabetic properties. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116567. [PMID: 38865743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
New analogs of the PPAR pan agonist AL29-26 encompassed ligand (S)-7 showing potent activation of PPARα and -γ subtypes as a partial agonist. In vitro experiments and docking studies in the presence of PPAR antagonists were performed to help interpretation of biological data and investigate the main interactions at the binding sites. Further in vitro experiments showed that (S)-7 induced anti-steatotic effects and enhancement of the glucose uptake. This latter effect could be partially ascribed to a significant inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier demonstrating that (S)-7 also acted through insulin-independent mechanisms. In vivo experiments showed that this compound reduced blood glucose and lipid levels in a diabetic mice model displaying no toxicity on bone, kidney, and liver. To our knowledge, this is the first example of dual PPARα/γ partial agonist showing these combined effects representing, therefore, the potential lead of new drugs for treatment of dyslipidemic type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Laghezza
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Cerchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Roberta Montanari
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Roma, Italy
| | - Davide Capelli
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Roma, Italy
| | - Judith Wackerlig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Simic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emanuele Falbo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Pecora
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Rosalba Leuci
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brunetti
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Tortorella
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Abanish Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Suhas Tambe
- Adgyl Lifescience Private Ltd., Bengaluru, 560058, India
| | - C A Sudeep
- Bioanalytical Section, Eurofins Advinus Biopharma Services India Pvt Ltd., Bengaluru, 560058, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pattnaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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Fan S, Gao Y, Zhao P, Xie G, Zhou Y, Yang X, Li X, Zhang S, Gonzalez FJ, Qu A, Huang M, Bi H. Fenofibrate-promoted hepatomegaly and liver regeneration are PPAR α-dependent and partially related to the YAP pathway. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2992-3008. [PMID: 39027236 PMCID: PMC11252459 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, is widely prescribed for hyperlipidemia management. Recent studies also showed that it has therapeutic potential in various liver diseases. However, its effects on hepatomegaly and liver regeneration and the involved mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the study showed that fenofibrate significantly promoted liver enlargement and regeneration post-partial hepatectomy in mice, which was dependent on hepatocyte-expressed PPARα. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is pivotal in manipulating liver growth and regeneration. We further identified that fenofibrate activated YAP signaling by suppressing its K48-linked ubiquitination, promoting its K63-linked ubiquitination, and enhancing the interaction and transcriptional activity of the YAP-TEAD complex. Pharmacological inhibition of YAP-TEAD interaction using verteporfin or suppression of YAP using AAV Yap shRNA in mice significantly attenuated fenofibrate-induced hepatomegaly. Other factors, such as MYC, KRT23, RAS, and RHOA, might also participate in fenofibrate-promoted hepatomegaly and liver regeneration. These studies demonstrate that fenofibrate-promoted liver enlargement and regeneration are PPARα-dependent and partially through activating the YAP signaling, with clinical implications of fenofibrate as a novel therapeutic agent for promoting liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guomin Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanying Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuan Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Min Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huichang Bi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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3
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Singh PP, Reeves GA, Contrepois K, Papsdorf K, Miklas JW, Ellenberger M, Hu CK, Snyder MP, Brunet A. Evolution of diapause in the African turquoise killifish by remodeling the ancient gene regulatory landscape. Cell 2024; 187:3338-3356.e30. [PMID: 38810644 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Suspended animation states allow organisms to survive extreme environments. The African turquoise killifish has evolved diapause as a form of suspended development to survive a complete drought. However, the mechanisms underlying the evolution of extreme survival states are unknown. To understand diapause evolution, we performed integrative multi-omics (gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and lipidomics) in the embryos of multiple killifish species. We find that diapause evolved by a recent remodeling of regulatory elements at very ancient gene duplicates (paralogs) present in all vertebrates. CRISPR-Cas9-based perturbations identify the transcription factors REST/NRSF and FOXOs as critical for the diapause gene expression program, including genes involved in lipid metabolism. Indeed, diapause shows a distinct lipid profile, with an increase in triglycerides with very-long-chain fatty acids. Our work suggests a mechanism for the evolution of complex adaptations and offers strategies to promote long-term survival by activating suspended animation programs in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Adam Reeves
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jason W Miklas
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Chi-Kuo Hu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Pollard S, De Silva AO, Simmons DBD. Metabolic, neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects of PFAAs and their mixtures on the proteome of the head kidney and plasma from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172389. [PMID: 38615763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PFAAs (Perfluoroalkyl acids) are a class of bioaccumulative, persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminants which primarily occupy the hydrosphere and its sediments. Currently, a paucity of toxicological information exists for short chain PFAAs and complex mixtures. In order to address these knowledge gaps, we performed a 3-week, aqueous exposure of rainbow trout to 3 different concentrations of a PFAA mixture (50, 100 and 500 ng/L) modeled after the composition determined in Lake Ontario. We conducted an additional set of exposures to individual PFAAs (25 nM each of PFOS (12,500 ng/L), PFOA (10,300 ng/L), PFBS (7500 ng/L) or PFBA (5300 ng/L) to evaluate differences in biological response across PFAA congeners. Untargeted proteomics and phosphorylated metabolomics were conducted on the blood plasma and head kidney tissue to evaluate biological response. Plasma proteomic responses to the mixtures revealed several unexpected outcomes including Similar proteomic profiles and biological processes as the PFOS exposure regime while being orders of magnitude lower in concentration and an atypical dose response in terms of the number of significantly altered proteins (FDR < 0.1). Biological pathway analysis revealed the low mixture, medium mixture and PFOS to significantly alter (FDR < 0.05) a number of processes including those involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and the nervous system. We implicate plasma increases in PPARD and PPARG as being directly related to these biological processes as they are known to be important regulators in all 3 processes. In contrast to the blood plasma, the high mixture and PFOA exposure regimes caused the greatest change to the head kidney proteome, altering many proteins being involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation. Our findings support the pleiotropic effect PFAAs have on aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant doses including those on PPAR signaling, metabolic dysregulation, immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pollard
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amila O De Silva
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
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Zhu B, Zhu X, Borland MG, Ralph DH, Chiaro CR, Krausz KW, Ntambi JM, Glick AB, Patterson AD, Perdew GH, Gonzalez FJ, Peters JM. Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in Keratinocytes by Endogenous Fatty Acids. Biomolecules 2024; 14:606. [PMID: 38927010 PMCID: PMC11201440 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear hormone receptors exist in dynamic equilibrium between transcriptionally active and inactive complexes dependent on interactions with ligands, proteins, and chromatin. The present studies examined the hypothesis that endogenous ligands activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in keratinocytes. The phorbol ester treatment or HRAS infection of primary keratinocytes increased fatty acids that were associated with enhanced PPARβ/δ activity. Fatty acids caused PPARβ/δ-dependent increases in chromatin occupancy and the expression of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4) mRNA. Analyses demonstrated that stearoyl Co-A desaturase 1 (Scd1) mediates an increase in intracellular monounsaturated fatty acids in keratinocytes that act as PPARβ/δ ligands. The activation of PPARβ/δ with palmitoleic or oleic acid causes arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle of HRAS-expressing keratinocytes that is not found in similarly treated HRAS-expressing Pparb/d-null keratinocytes. HRAS-expressing Scd1-null mouse keratinocytes exhibit enhanced cell proliferation, an effect that is mitigated by treatment with palmitoleic or oleic acid. Consistent with these findings, the ligand activation of PPARβ/δ with GW0742 or oleic acid prevented UVB-induced non-melanoma skin carcinogenesis, an effect that required PPARβ/δ. The results from these studies demonstrate that PPARβ/δ has endogenous roles in keratinocytes and can be activated by lipids found in diet and cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokai Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Michael G. Borland
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Douglas H. Ralph
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Christopher R. Chiaro
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
- Department of Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kristopher W. Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.W.K.); (F.J.G.)
| | - James M. Ntambi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Adam B. Glick
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Gary H. Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.W.K.); (F.J.G.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Peters
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (B.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.G.B.); (D.H.R.); (C.R.C.); (A.B.G.); (A.D.P.); (G.H.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wu C, Du G, Zeng Y, Song Z, Jiang X, Jiang X, Zhuo R, Li J. Propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide, a novel PPARα/γ dual agonist, attenuates molecular pathological alterations in learning memory in AD mice. Neurol Res 2024; 46:416-425. [PMID: 38577889 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2325313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have revealed that Propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide(N15) exerts a protective role in the inflammatory response after ischemic stroke and in neuronal damage. However, little is known about N15 in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N15 on AD and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS AD mice model was established by lateral ventricular injection with Aβ25-35. N15 was daily intraperitoneal administered for 28 days. Morris Water Maze was used to evaluate the neurocognitive function of the mice. The expression of PPARα/γ, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 (NT3), ADAM10, PS1 and BACE1 were measured by qPCR. Aβ amyloid in the hippocampus was measured by Congo red assay. Toluidine blue staining was used to detect the neuronal apoptosis. Protein levels of ADAM10, PS1 and BACE1 were determined using immunoblotting. RESULTS N15 treatment significantly reduced neurocognitive dysfunction, which also significantly activated the expression of PPARα/γ at an optimal dose of 200 mg/kg. Administration of N15 alleviated the formation of Aβ amyloid in the hippocampus of AD mice, enhanced the BDNF mRNA expression, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of PS1 and BACE1, upregulated ADAM10 mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION N15 exerts its neuroprotective effects through the activation of PPARα/γ and may be a potential drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guicheng Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhengmao Song
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rengong Zhuo
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Wang Y, Ren J, Ren S. Larsucosterol: endogenous epigenetic regulator for treating chronic and acute liver diseases. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E577-E587. [PMID: 38381400 PMCID: PMC11376820 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00406.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Larsucosterol, a potent endogenous epigenetic regulator, has been reported to play a significant role in lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and cell survival. The administration of larsucosterol has demonstrated a reduction in lipid accumulation within hepatocytes and the attenuation of inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TNFα in macrophages, alleviating LPS- and acetaminophen (ATMP)-induced multiple organ injury, and decreasing mortalities in animal models. Results from phase 1 and 2 clinical trials have shown that larsucosterol has potential as a biomedicine for the treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases. Recent evidence suggests that larsucosterol is a promising candidate for treating alcohol-associated hepatitis with positive results from a phase 2a clinical trial, and for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) from a phase 1b clinical trial. In this review, we present a culmination of our recent research efforts spanning two decades. We summarize the discovery, physiological and pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications of larsucosterol. Furthermore, we elucidate the pathophysiological pathways of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and acute liver injuries. A central focus of the review is the exploration of the therapeutic potential of larsucosterol in treating life-threatening conditions, including acetaminophen overdose, endotoxin shock, MASLD, MASH, hepatectomy, and alcoholic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Jenna Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Shunlin Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, United States
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8
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Xiong Y, Zhong J, Chen W, Li X, Liu H, Li Y, Xiong W, Li H. Neferine alleviates acute kidney injury by regulating the PPAR-α/NF-κB pathway. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s10157-024-02504-8. [PMID: 38658442 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02504-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a cluster of clinical syndromes with diverse etiologies that ultimately result in a swift decline in kidney function. Regrettably, AKI lacks effective therapeutic agents at present. Neferine, a bioactive alkaloid derived from Lotus Plumule, has been reported to alleviate AKI triggered by cisplatin, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and sepsis by inhibiting inflammatory pathways. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning its renoprotective effects remain elusive. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), a regulator of lipid metabolism with anti-inflammatory properties, was investigated in this study to examine its role in neferine's renoprotective effects in cellular and mouse models of AKI. We found that neferine pretreatment in both I/R- or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI models inhibited the activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway and reversed PPAR-α deficiency. In NRK-52E cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or LPS, overexpression of PPAR-α resulted in inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and TNF-α production, while PPAR-α silencing via siRNA transfection negated neferine's anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, pretreatment with neferine not only reduced lipid accumulation but also reversed the downregulation of FAO-related enzymes induced by LPS. Our findings suggest that neferine's renoprotective effects against AKI are partially mediated through the reversal of renal PPAR-α deficiency and subsequent inhibition of the inflammatory NF-κB pathway. Therefore, regulating renal PPAR-α expression by neferine could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Xiong
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhang Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, Xiangya Hospital Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Weijian Xiong
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Nephropathy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, China.
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9
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Sun G, Feng Z, Kuang Y, Fu Z, Wang Y, Zhao X, Wang F, Sun H, Yuan H, Dai L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of piperazine derivatives as pan-PPARs agonists for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116344. [PMID: 38522113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is commonly occurred in chronic liver diseases, but there is no approved drug for clinical use. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) could not only regulate metabolic homeostasis but also possess anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, and pan-PPARs agonist was considered as a potential anti-liver fibrosis agent. In this study, a series of novel piperazine pan-PPARs agonists were developed, and the preferred compound 12 displayed potent and well-balanced pan-PPARs agonistic activity. Moreover, compound 12 could dose-dependently stimulate the PPARs target genes expression and showed high selectivity over other related nuclear receptors. Importantly, compound 12 exhibited excellent pharmacokinetic profiles and good anti-liver fibrosis effects in vivo. Collectively, compound 12 holds promise for developing an anti-liver fibrosis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhiqi Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Yufan Kuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhuoxin Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Haoliang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Liang Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, 401135, China.
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10
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Cho W, Oh H, Choi SW, Abd El-Aty AM, Yeşilyurt F, Jeong JH, Jung TW. Musclin Mitigates the Attachment of HUVECs to THP-1 Monocytes in Hyperlipidemic Conditions through PPARα/HO-1-Mediated Attenuation of Inflammation. Inflammation 2024; 47:1-12. [PMID: 37737929 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Musclin, a myokine, undergoes modulation during exercise and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in cardiomyocytes and glomeruli. However, its role in atherosclerotic responses remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of musclin on inflammatory responses and the interaction between endothelial cells and monocytes under hyperlipidemic conditions. The attachment levels of THP-1 monocytes on cultured HUVECs were examined. Inflammation and the expression of cell adhesion molecules were also evaluated. To explore the molecular mechanisms of musclin, PPARα or heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) siRNA transfection was performed in HUVECs. The results revealed that treatment with recombinant musclin effectively suppressed the attachment of palmitate-induced HUVECs to THP-1 cells and reduced the expression of cell adhesion proteins (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin) in HUVECs. Furthermore, musclin treatment ameliorated the expression of inflammation markers (phosphorylated NFκB and IκB) in both HUVECs and THP-1 monocytes, as well as the release of TNFα and MCP-1 from HUVECs and THP-1 monocytes. Notably, musclin treatment augmented the expression levels of PPARα and HO-1. However, when PPARα or HO-1 siRNA was employed, the beneficial effects of musclin on inflammation, cell attachment, and adhesion molecule expression were abolished. These findings indicate that musclin exerts anti-inflammatory effects via the PPARα/HO-1 pathway, thereby mitigating the interaction between endothelial cells and monocytes. This study provides evidence supporting the important role of musclin in ameliorating obesity-related arteriosclerosis and highlights its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseung Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yeşilyurt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Lin J, Lan Y, Xiang D, Ma R, Chen Q, Ding K, Lu J. IL-33 promotes pancreatic β-cell survival and insulin secretion under diabetogenic conditions through PPARγ. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 959:176059. [PMID: 37758011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction plays a vital role in the development of diabetes. IL-33 exerts anti-diabetic effects via its anti-inflammatory properties and has been demonstrated to increase insulin secretion in animal models. However, IL-33, as a pleiotropic cytokine, may also exert a deleterious effect on β-cells, which has not been rigorously studied. In the present study, we found that IL-33 promoted cell survival and insulin secretion in MIN6 (a mouse pancreatic β-cell line) cells under diabetogenic conditions. IL-33 increased the expression of its receptor ST2 and the transcription factor PPARγ, whereas PPARγ inhibition impaired IL-33-mediated β-cell survival and insulin release. IL-33 did not repress the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including Tf, Icam1, Cxcl10, and Il1b, whereas it significantly reduced the expression of Ccl2. IL-33 decreased TNF-α secretion and increased IL-10 secretion; these effects were completely reversed by PPARγ inhibition. IL-33 increased glucose uptake and expression of Glut2. It upregulated the expression of glycolytic enzyme genes, namely, Pkm2, Hk2, Gpi1, and Tpi, and downregulated the expression of Gck, Ldha, and Mct4. However, it did not alter hexokinase activity. Moreover, IL-33 increased the number and activity of mitochondria, accompanied by increased ATP production and reduced accumulation of ROS. IL-33 upregulated the expression of PGC-1α and cytochrome c, and mitochondrial fission- and fusion-associated genes, including Mfn1, Mfn2, and Dnm1l. IL-33-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis was partially reversed by PPARγ inhibition. Altogether, IL-33 protects β-cell survival and insulin secretion that could be partially driven via PPARγ, which regulates glucose uptake and promotes mitochondrial function and anti-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, China
| | - Daochun Xiang
- The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianjiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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12
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Yu L, Gao Y, Aaron N, Qiang L. A glimpse of the connection between PPARγ and macrophage. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1254317. [PMID: 37701041 PMCID: PMC10493289 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1254317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-regulated transcription factors that regulate vast cellular activities and serve as an important class of drug targets. Among them, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor family and have been extensively studied for their roles in metabolism, differentiation, development, and cancer, among others. Recently, there has been considerable interest in understanding and defining the function of PPARs and their agonists in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses and their pharmacological potential in combating chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we focus on emerging evidence for the potential role of PPARγ in macrophage biology, which is the prior innate immune executive in metabolic and tissue homeostasis. We also discuss the role of PPARγ as a regulator of macrophage function in inflammatory diseases. Lastly, we discuss the possible application of PPARγ antagonists in metabolic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexiang Yu
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yuen Gao
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Nicole Aaron
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Wu J, Wang X, Zhang M, Mathews P, Kang Y. RXR Agonists Enhance Lenalidomide Anti-Myeloma Activity and T Cell Functions while Retaining Glucose-Lowering Effect. Cells 2023; 12:1993. [PMID: 37566072 PMCID: PMC10417536 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimerizes with the PPAR nuclear hormone receptor and regulates its downstream events. We investigated the effects of RXR agonists (LG100754, bexarotene, AGN194204, and LG101506) on lenalidomide's anti-myeloma activity, T cell functions, and the level of glucose and lipids in vivo. Genetic overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments were conducted in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and Jurkat T cell lines to determine the roles of CRBN in RXR-agonist mediated effects. A xenograft mouse model of MM was established to determine the combination effect of LG100754 and lenalidomide. The combination of RXR agonists and lenalidomide demonstrated synergistic activity in increasing CRBN expression and killing myeloma cells. Mechanistically, the RXR agonists reduced the binding of PPARs to the CRBN promoter, thereby relieving the repressor effect of PPARs on CRBN transcription. RXR agonists downregulated the exhaustion markers and increased the activation markers of Jurkat T cells and primary human T cells. Co-administration of LG100754 and lenalidomide showed enhanced anti-tumor activity in vivo. LG100754 retained its glucose- and lipid-lowering effects. RXR agonists demonstrate potential utility in enhancing drug sensitivity and T-cell function in the treatment of myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yubin Kang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.W.); (X.W.)
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14
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Phillips ME, Adekanye O, Borazjani A, Crow JA, Ross MK. CES1 Releases Oxylipins from Oxidized Triacylglycerol (oxTAG) and Regulates Macrophage oxTAG/TAG Accumulation and PGE 2/IL-1β Production. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1564-1581. [PMID: 37348046 PMCID: PMC11131412 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are storage forms of fat, primarily found in cytoplasmic lipid droplets in cells. TAGs are broken down to their component free fatty acids by lipolytic enzymes when fuel reserves are required. However, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing TAGs are susceptible to nonenzymatic oxidation reactions, leading to the formation of oxylipins that are esterified to the glycerol backbone (termed oxTAGs). Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is a member of the serine hydrolase superfamily and defined by its ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxyl ester bonds in both toxicants and lipids. CES1 is a bona fide TAG hydrolase, but it is unclear which specific fatty acids are preferentially released during lipolysis. To better understand the biochemical function of CES1 in immune cells, such as macrophages, its substrate selectivity when it encounters oxidized PUFAs in TAG lipid droplets requires study. We sought to identify those esterified oxidized fatty acids liberated from oxTAGs by CES1 because their release can activate signaling pathways that enforce the development of lipid-driven inflammation. Gaining this knowledge will help fill data gaps that exist between CES1 and the lipid-sensing nuclear receptors, PPARγ and LXRα, which are important drivers of lipid metabolism and inflammation in macrophages. Oxidized forms of triarachidonoylglycerol (oxTAG20:4) or trilinoleoylglycerol (oxTAG18:2), which contain physiologically relevant levels of oxidized PUFAs (<5 mol %), were incubated with recombinant CES1 to release oxylipins and nonoxidized arachidonic acid (AA) or linoleic acid (LA). CES1 hydrolyzed each oxTAG, yielding regioisomers of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 11-, 12-, and 15-HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (9- and 13-HODE). Furthermore, human THP-1 macrophages with deficient CES1 levels exhibited a differential response to extracellular stimuli (oxTAGs, lipopolysaccharide, and 15-HETE) as compared to those with normal CES1 levels, including enhanced oxTAG/TAG lipid accumulation and altered cytokine and prostaglandin E2 profiles. This study suggests that CES1 can metabolize oxTAG lipids to release oxylipins and PUFAs, and it further specifies the substrate selectivity of CES1 in the metabolism of bioactive lipid mediators. We suggest that the accumulation of oxTAGs/TAGs within lipid droplets that arise due to CES1 deficiency enforces an inflammatory phenotype in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie E Phillips
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Oluwabori Adekanye
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - J Allen Crow
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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15
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Phung NV, Rong F, Xia WY, Fan Y, Li XY, Wang SA, Li FL. Nervonic acid and its sphingolipids: Biological functions and potential food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:8766-8785. [PMID: 37114919 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2203753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Nervonic acid, a 24-carbon fatty acid with only one double bond at the 9th carbon (C24:1n-9), is abundant in the human brain, liver, and kidney. It not only functions in free form but also serves as a critical component of sphingolipids which participate in many biological processes such as cell membrane formation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. Recent studies show that nervonic acid supplementation is not only beneficial to human health but also can improve the many medical conditions such as neurological diseases, cancers, diabetes, obesity, and their complications. Nervonic acid and its sphingomyelins serve as a special material for myelination in infants and remyelination patients with multiple sclerosis. Besides, the administration of nervonic acid is reported to reduce motor disorder in mice with Parkinson's disease and limit weight gain. Perturbations of nervonic acid and its sphingolipids might lead to the pathogenesis of many diseases and understanding these mechanisms is critical for investigating potential therapeutic approaches for such diseases. However, available studies about this aspect are limited. In this review, relevant findings about functional mechanisms of nervonic acid have been comprehensively and systematically described, focusing on four interconnected functions: cellular structure, signaling, anti-inflammation, lipid mobilization, and their related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghi Van Phung
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Rong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wan Yue Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian Yu Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi An Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
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16
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An S, Ko H, Jang H, Park IG, Ahn S, Hwang SY, Gong J, Oh S, Kwak SY, Lee Y, Kim H, Noh M. Prenylated Chrysin Derivatives as Partial PPARγ Agonists with Adiponectin Secretion-Inducing Activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:425-431. [PMID: 37077388 PMCID: PMC10107909 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased circulating adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of human metabolic diseases. The chemical-mediated upregulation of adiponectin biosynthesis has been proposed as a novel therapeutic approach to managing hypoadiponectinemia-associated diseases. In preliminary screening, the natural flavonoid chrysin (1) exhibited adiponectin secretion-inducing activity during adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Here, we provide the 7-prenylated chrysin derivatives, chrysin 5-benzyl-7-prenylether compound 10 and chrysin 5,7-diprenylether compound 11, with the improved pharmacological profile compared with chrysin (1). Nuclear receptor binding and ligand-induced coactivator recruitment assays revealed that compounds 10 and 11 functioned as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ partial agonists. These findings were supported by molecular docking simulation, followed by experimental validation. Notably, compound 11 showed PPARγ binding affinity as potent as that of the PPARγ agonists pioglitazone and telmisartan. This study presents a novel PPARγ partial agonist pharmacophore and suggests that prenylated chrysin derivatives have therapeutic potential in various human diseases associated with hypoadiponectinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungchan An
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ko
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Jang
- Research
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - In Guk Park
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Hwang
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junpyo Gong
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Oh
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kwak
- Research
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Lee
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- Research
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural
Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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17
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Steinke I, Govindarajulu M, Pinky PD, Bloemer J, Yoo S, Ward T, Schaedig T, Young T, Wibowo FS, Suppiramaniam V, Amin RH. Selective PPAR-Delta/PPAR-Gamma Activation Improves Cognition in a Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1116. [PMID: 37190025 PMCID: PMC10136457 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The continuously increasing association of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with increased mortality rates indicates an unmet medical need and the critical need for establishing novel molecular targets for therapeutic potential. Agonists for peroxisomal proliferator activating receptors (PPAR) are known to regulate energy in the body and have shown positive effects against Alzheimer's disease. There are three members of this class (delta, gamma, and alpha), with PPAR-gamma being the most studied, as these pharmaceutical agonists offer promise for AD because they reduce amyloid beta and tau pathologies, display anti-inflammatory properties, and improve cognition. However, they display poor brain bioavailability and are associated with several adverse side effects on human health, thus limiting their clinical application. Methods: We have developed a novel series of PPAR-delta and PPAR-gamma agonists in silico with AU9 as our lead compound that displays selective amino acid interactions focused upon avoiding the Tyr-473 epitope in the PPAR-gamma AF2 ligand binding domain. Results: This design helps to avoid the unwanted side effects of current PPAR-gamma agonists and improve behavioral deficits and synaptic plasticity while reducing amyloid-beta levels and inflammation in 3xTgAD animals. Conclusions: Our innovative in silico design of PPAR-delta/gamma agonists may offer new perspectives for this class of agonists for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Steinke
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Priyanka Das Pinky
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Jenna Bloemer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sieun Yoo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Tracey Ward
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI 49307, USA
| | - Taylor Schaedig
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Taylor Young
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Fajar Setyo Wibowo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
- College of Science and Mathematics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 31044, USA
| | - Rajesh H. Amin
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36879, USA
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18
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Pang Y, Lu T, Xu-Monette ZY, Young KH. Metabolic Reprogramming and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5493. [PMID: 36982568 PMCID: PMC10052731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases that often require their metabolism program to fulfill the demand of cell proliferation. Features of metabolism in lymphoma cells include high glucose uptake, deregulated expression of enzymes related to glycolysis, dual capacity for glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, elevated glutamine metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. These aberrant metabolic changes lead to tumorigenesis, disease progression, and resistance to lymphoma chemotherapy. This metabolic reprogramming, including glucose, nucleic acid, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism, is a dynamic process caused not only by genetic and epigenetic changes, but also by changes in the microenvironment affected by viral infections. Notably, some critical metabolic enzymes and metabolites may play vital roles in lymphomagenesis and progression. Recent studies have uncovered that metabolic pathways might have clinical impacts on the diagnosis, characterization, and treatment of lymphoma subtypes. However, determining the clinical relevance of biomarkers and therapeutic targets related to lymphoma metabolism is still challenging. In this review, we systematically summarize current studies on metabolism reprogramming in lymphoma, and we mainly focus on disorders of glucose, amino acids, and lipid metabolisms, as well as dysregulation of molecules in metabolic pathways, oncometabolites, and potential metabolic biomarkers. We then discuss strategies directly or indirectly for those potential therapeutic targets. Finally, we prospect the future directions of lymphoma treatment on metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Pang
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Hematology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tingxun Lu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zijun Y. Xu-Monette
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ken H. Young
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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19
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Laghezza A, Cerchia C, Genovese M, Leuci R, Pranzini E, Santi A, Brunetti L, Piemontese L, Tortorella P, Biswas A, Singh RP, Tambe S, Ca S, Pattnaik AK, Jayaprakash V, Paoli P, Lavecchia A, Loiodice F. A New Antidiabetic Agent Showing Short- and Long-Term Effects Due to Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha/Gamma Dual Agonism and Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Inhibition. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3566-3587. [PMID: 36790935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A new series of analogues or derivatives of the previously reported PPARα/γ dual agonist LT175 allowed the identification of ligand 10, which was able to potently activate both PPARα and -γ subtypes as full and partial agonists, respectively. Docking studies were performed to provide a molecular explanation for this different behavior on the two different targets. In vivo experiments showed that this compound induced a significant reduction in blood glucose and lipid levels in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model displaying no toxic effects on bone, kidney, and liver. By examining in depth the antihyperglycemic activity of 10, we found out that it produced a slight but significant inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier, acting also through insulin-independent mechanisms. This is the first example of a PPARα/γ dual agonist reported to show this inhibitory effect representing, therefore, the potential lead of a new class of drugs for treatment of dyslipidemic type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Laghezza
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Cerchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Rosalba Leuci
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alice Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brunetti
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Tortorella
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Abanish Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Suhas Tambe
- Adgyl Lifesciences Private Ltd., Bengaluru 560058, India
| | - Sudeep Ca
- Bioanalytical Section, Eurofins Advinus Biopharma Services India Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru 560058, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pattnaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Dipartimento Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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20
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Wu YJ, Zhang SS, Yin Q, Lei M, Wang QH, Chen WG, Luo TT, Zhou P, Ji CL. α-Mangostin Inhibited M1 Polarization of Macrophages/Monocytes in Antigen-Induced Arthritis Mice by Up-Regulating Silent Information Regulator 1 and Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptor γ Simultaneously. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:563-577. [PMID: 36860800 PMCID: PMC9969869 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s397914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background α-Mangostin (MG) showed the potentials in alleviating experimental arthritis, inhibiting inflammatory polarization of macrophages/monocytes, and regulating peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signals. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlations among the above-mentioned properties. Methods Antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was established in mouse, which was treated with MG in combination with SIRT1/PPAR-γ inhibitors to clarify the role of the two signals in the anti-arthritic actions. Pathological changes were systematically investigated. Phenotypes of cells were investigated by flow cytometry. Expression and co-localization of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ proteins in joint tissues were observed by the immunofluorescence method. Finally, clinical implications from the synchronous up-regulation of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ were validated by experiments in vitro. Results SIRT1 and PPAR-γ inhibitors (nicotinamide and T0070097) reduced the therapeutic effects of MG on AIA mice, and abrogated MG-induced up-regulation of SIRT1/PPAR-γ and inhibition of M1 polarization in macrophages/monocytes. MG has a good binding affinity to PPAR-γ, and MG promoted the co-expression of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ in joints. Synchronously activating SIRT1 and PPAR-γ was revealed to be necessary by MG to repress inflammatory responses in THP-1 monocytes. Conclusion MG binds PPAR-γ and excites this signaling to initiate ligand-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. Due to certain unspecified signal transduction crosstalk mechanism, it then promoted SIRT1 expression and further limited inflammatory polarization of macrophages/monocytes in AIA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China,Xin’an Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China,Vascular Diseases Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sa-Sa Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Lei
- Xin’an Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230000, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Peng Zhou; Cong-Lan Ji, Email ;
| | - Cong-Lan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People’s Republic of China,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
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21
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An S, Hwang SY, Gong J, Ahn S, Park IG, Oh S, Chin YW, Noh M. Computational Prediction of the Phenotypic Effect of Flavonoids on Adiponectin Biosynthesis. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:856-869. [PMID: 36716271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In silico machine learning applications for phenotype-based screening have primarily been limited due to the lack of machine-readable data related to disease phenotypes. Adiponectin, a nuclear receptor (NR)-regulated adipocytokine, is relatively downregulated in human metabolic diseases. Here, we present a machine-learning model to predict the adiponectin-secretion-promoting activity of flavonoid-associated phytochemicals (FAPs). We modeled a structure-activity relationship between the chemical similarity of FAPs and their bioactivities using a random forest-based classifier, which provided the NR activity of each FAP as a probability. To link the classifier-predicted NR activity to the phenotype, we next designed a single-cell transcriptomics-based multiple linear regression model to generate the relative adiponectin score (RAS) of FAPs. In experimental validation, estimated RAS values of FAPs isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis exhibited a significant correlation with their adiponectin-secretion-promoting activity. The combined cheminformatics and bioinformatics approach enables the computational reconstruction of phenotype-based screening systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Hwang
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junpyo Gong
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Guk Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
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22
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Páscoa I, Biltes R, Sousa J, Preto MAC, Vasconcelos V, Castro LF, Ruivo R, Cunha I. A Multiplex Molecular Cell-Based Sensor to Detect Ligands of PPARs: An Optimized Tool for Drug Discovery in Cyanobacteria. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23031338. [PMID: 36772378 PMCID: PMC9919141 DOI: 10.3390/s23031338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria produce a wealth of secondary metabolites. Since these organisms attach fatty acids into molecules in unprecedented ways, cyanobacteria can serve as a novel source for bioactive compounds acting as ligands for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR). PPARs (PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ) are ligand-activated nuclear receptors, involved in the regulation of various metabolic and cellular processes, thus serving as potential drug targets for a variety of pathologies. Yet, given that PPARs' agonists can have pan-, dual- or isoform-specific action, some controversy has been raised over currently approved drugs and their side effects, highlighting the need for novel molecules. Here, we expand and validate a cell-based PPAR transactivation activity biosensor, and test it in a screening campaign to guide drug discovery. Biosensor upgrades included the use of different reporter genes to increase signal intensity and stability, a different promoter to modulate reporter gene expression, and multiplexing to improve efficiency. Sensor's limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.36-0.89 nM in uniplex and 0.89-1.35 nM in multiplex mode. In triplex mode, the sensor's feature screening, a total of 848 fractions of 96 cyanobacteria extracts were screened. Hits were confirmed in multiplex mode and in uniplex mode, yielding one strain detected to have action on PPARα and three strains to have dual action on PPARα and -β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Páscoa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Rita Biltes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP-Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Sousa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP-Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco Aurélio Correia Preto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP-Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Filipe Castro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP-Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Ruivo
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Isabel Cunha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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23
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Muralidhara P, Ewald JC. Protein-Metabolite Interactions Shape Cellular Metabolism and Physiology. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2554:1-10. [PMID: 36178616 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2624-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein-metabolite interactions regulate many important cellular processes but still remain understudied. Recent technological advancements are gradually uncovering the complexity of the protein-metabolite interactome. Here, we highlight some classic and recent examples of how protein metabolite interactions regulate metabolism, both locally and globally, and how this contributes to cellular physiology. We also discuss the importance of these interactions in diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer C Ewald
- Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Carrillo-Tripp M, Reyes Y, Delgado-Coello B, Mas-Oliva J, Gutiérrez-Vidal R. Peptide Helix-Y 12 as Potential Effector for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:8047378. [PMID: 37096195 PMCID: PMC10122583 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8047378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors involved in the regulation of lipids and glucose metabolism, and immune response. Therefore, they have been considered pharmacological targets for treating metabolic diseases, such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the available synthetic ligands of PPARs have mild to significant side effects, generating the necessity to identify new molecules that are selective PPAR ligands with specific biological responses. This study aimed to evaluate some components of the atheroprotective and hepatoprotective HB-ATV-8 nanoparticles [the amphipathic peptide Helix-Y12, thermozeaxanthin, thermozeaxanthin-13, thermozeaxanthin-15, and a set of glycolipids], as possible ligands of PPARs through blind molecular docking. According to the change in free energy upon protein-ligand binding, ∆G b, thermozeaxanthins show a more favorable interaction with PPARs, followed by Helix-Y12. Moreover, Helix-Y12 interacts with most parts of the Y-shaped ligand-binding domain (LBD), surrounding helix 3 of PPARs, and reaching helix 12 of PPARα and PPARγ. As previously reported for other ligands, Tyr314 and Tyr464 of PPARα interact with Helix-Y12 through hydrogen bonds. Several PPARα's amino acids are involved in the ligand binding by hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, we identified additional PPARs' amino acids interacting with Helix-Y12 through hydrogen bonds still not reported for known ligands. Our results show that, from the studied ligand set, the Helix-Y12 peptide and Tzeaxs have the most significant probability of binding to the PPARs' LBD, suggesting novel ligands for PPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Carrillo-Tripp
- Biomolecular Diversity Laboratory, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, PIIT, C.P. 66600, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Yair Reyes
- Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, PIIT, C.P. 66600, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Universidad Politécnica de Puebla, Tercer Carril del Ejido, Serrano s/n, Cuanalá, C.P. 7264, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Blanca Delgado-Coello
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Jaime Mas-Oliva
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Roxana Gutiérrez-Vidal
- Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, PIIT, C.P. 66600, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Programa de Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Conacyt, CDMX, Mexico
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25
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He Y, B'nai Taub A, Yu L, Yao Y, Zhang R, Zahr T, Aaron N, LeSauter J, Fan L, Liu L, Tazebay R, Que J, Pajvani U, Wang L, Silver R, Qiang L. PPARγ Acetylation Orchestrates Adipose Plasticity and Metabolic Rhythms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204190. [PMID: 36394167 PMCID: PMC9839851 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Systemic glucose metabolism and insulin activity oscillate in response to diurnal rhythms and nutrient availability with the necessary involvement of adipose tissue to maintain metabolic homeostasis. However, the adipose-intrinsic regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, the dynamics of PPARγ acetylation in adipose tissue are shown to orchestrate metabolic oscillation in daily rhythms. Acetylation of PPARγ displays a diurnal rhythm in young healthy mice, with the peak at zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) and the trough at ZT18. This rhythmic pattern is deranged in pathological conditions such as obesity, aging, and circadian disruption. The adipocyte-specific acetylation-mimetic mutation of PPARγ K293Q (aKQ) restrains adipose plasticity during calorie restriction and diet-induced obesity, associated with proteolysis of a core circadian component BMAL1. Consistently, the rhythmicity in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity is altered in aKQ and the complementary PPARγ deacetylation-mimetic K268R/K293R (2KR) mouse models. Furthermore, the PPARγ acetylation-sensitive downstream target adipsin is revealed as a novel diurnal factor that destabilizes BMAL1 and mediates metabolic rhythms. These findings collectively signify that PPARγ acetylation is a hinge connecting adipose plasticity and metabolic rhythms, the two determinants of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | | | - Lexiang Yu
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Yifan Yao
- Department of NeuroscienceBarnard CollegeNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Ruotong Zhang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Tarik Zahr
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and TherapeuticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Nicole Aaron
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and TherapeuticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | | | - Lihong Fan
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Longhua Liu
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Ruya Tazebay
- Department of NeuroscienceBarnard CollegeNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Utpal Pajvani
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Liheng Wang
- The DiabetesObesity and Metabolism InstituteThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY10029USA
| | - Rae Silver
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of PsychologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA
- Department of NeuroscienceBarnard CollegeNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
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26
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Kim J, Ko H, Hur JS, An S, Lee JW, Deyrup ST, Noh M, Shim SH. Discovery of Pan-peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Modulators from an Endolichenic Fungus, Daldinia childiae. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2804-2816. [PMID: 36475432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin-synthesis-promoting compounds possess therapeutic potential to treat diverse metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes. Phenotypic screening to find adiponectin-synthesis-promoting compounds was performed using the adipogenesis model of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The extract of the endolichenic fungus Daldinia childiae 047215 significantly promoted adiponectin production. Bioactivity-guided isolation led to 13 active polyketides (1-13), which include naphthol monomers, dimers, and trimers. To the best of our knowledge, trimers of naphthol (1-4) have not been previously isolated as either natural or synthetic products. The novel naphthol trimer 3,1',3',3″-ternaphthalene-5,5',5″-trimethoxy-4,4',4″-triol (2) and a dimer, nodulisporin A (12), exhibited concentration-dependent adiponectin-synthesis-promoting activity (EC50 30.8 and 15.2 μM, respectively). Compounds 2 and 12 bound to all three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ. In addition, compound 2 transactivated retinoid X receptor α, whereas 12 did not. Naphthol oligomers 2 and 12 represent novel pan-PPAR modulators and are potential pharmacophores for designing new therapeutic agents against hypoadiponectinemia-associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaekyeong Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ko
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seoun Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen T Deyrup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Londonville, New York 12211, United States
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Klyushova LS, Perepechaeva ML, Grishanova AY. The Role of CYP3A in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2686. [PMID: 36359206 PMCID: PMC9687714 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CYP3A is an enzyme subfamily in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily and includes isoforms CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, and CYP3A43. CYP3A enzymes are indiscriminate toward substrates and are unique in that these enzymes metabolize both endogenous compounds and diverse xenobiotics (including drugs); almost the only common characteristic of these compounds is lipophilicity and a relatively large molecular weight. CYP3A enzymes are widely expressed in human organs and tissues, and consequences of these enzymes' activities play a major role both in normal regulation of physiological levels of endogenous compounds and in various pathological conditions. This review addresses these aspects of regulation of CYP3A enzymes under physiological conditions and their involvement in the initiation and progression of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria L. Perepechaeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Str. 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Dardenne C, Salon M, Authier H, Meunier E, AlaEddine M, Bernad J, Bouschbacher M, Lefèvre L, Pipy B, Coste A. Topical Aspirin Administration Improves Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Through a Phenotypic Switch of Wound Macrophages Toward an Anti-inflammatory and Proresolutive Profile Characterized by LXA4 Release. Diabetes 2022; 71:2181-2196. [PMID: 35796692 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with diabetes present a persistent inflammatory process, leading to impaired wound healing. Since nonhealing diabetic wound management shows limited results, the introduction of advanced therapies targeting and correcting the inflammatory status of macrophages in chronic wounds could be an effective therapeutic strategy to stop the sustained inflammation and to return to a healing state. In an excisional skin injury in a diet-induced diabetic murine model, we demonstrate that topical administration of low-dose aspirin (36 μg/wound/day) improves cutaneous wound healing by increasing wound closure through the promotion of the inflammation resolution program of macrophages. This treatment increased efferocytosis of wound macrophages from aspirin-treated diabetic mice compared with untreated diabetic mice. We also show that aspirin treatment of high-fat-fed mice oriented the phenotype of wound macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory and proresolutive profile characterized by a decrease of LTB4 production. The use of diabetic mice deficient for 5-LOX or 12/15-LOX demonstrated that these two enzymes of acid arachidonic metabolism are essential for the beneficial effect of aspirin on wound healing. Thus, aspirin treatment modified the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids by promoting the synthesis of proresolving LXA4 through 5-LOX, LTA4, 12/15-LOX signaling. In conclusion, the restoration of an anti-inflammatory and proresolutive phenotype of wound macrophages by the topical administration of low-dose aspirin represents a promising therapeutic approach in chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dardenne
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Salon
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Authier
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- UMR 5089, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad AlaEddine
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - José Bernad
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Lise Lefèvre
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Pipy
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Université de Toulouse, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 PMCID: PMC9440900 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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30
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Wang DD, He CY, Wu YJ, Xu L, Shi C, Olatunji OJ, Zuo J, Ji CL. AMPK/SIRT1 Deficiency Drives Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats by Promoting Glycolysis-Mediated Monocytes Inflammatory Polarization. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4663-4675. [PMID: 35996683 PMCID: PMC9392262 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s378090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exact roles of many metabolic regulators in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are to be clarified. This study aimed to further characterize the impacts of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) status changes on this disease. Methods Fluctuation pattern of SIRT1 expression in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats was monitored using periodically collected white blood cells. Another bath of AIA rats were treated by SIRT1 agonist resveratrol. Blood from these rats was used to separate monocytes and plasma, which were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and biochemical analyses. Clinical implication of SIRT1 activation was verified by treating AIA rat monocytes with SIRT1 agonist and overexpression vector in vitro. Results SIRT1 deficiency occurred in AIA rats, which was accompanied with down-regulation of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and arginase-1 (ARG-1). Resveratrol eased oxidative stress and increased IL-10 production in vivo. Results of ELISA analysis demonstrated that resveratrol attenuated AIA severity in rats. Furthermore, it restored the altered levels of triglyceride, lactate and pyruvate in blood. Resveratrol promoted IL-10 production, and suppressed glycolysis of AIA monocytes cultured in vitro. SIRT1 overexpression similarly reshaped differentiation profile of AIA monocytes, evidenced by changes in metabolism indicators, IL-10 production and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway status. Although overexpressing SIRT1 in normal cells did not affect glycolysis significantly, it attenuated AMPK antagonist-caused abnormality. Conclusion SIRT1 deficiency is implicated in AIA-related immune abnormality and metabolism alteration. Activating this signaling with resveratrol would impair the inflammatory polarization of monocytes, and consequently ease the severity of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wang
- Xin'an Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Yi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jin Wu
- Xin'an Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Shi
- Xin'an Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Jian Zuo
- Xin'an Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Lan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
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31
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PPARα Signaling: A Candidate Target in Psychiatric Disorder Management. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050723. [PMID: 35625650 PMCID: PMC9138493 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptors (PPARs) regulate lipid and glucose metabolism, control inflammatory processes, and modulate several brain functions. Three PPAR isoforms have been identified, PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, which are expressed in different tissues and cell types. Hereinafter, we focus on PPARα involvement in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, which is underscored by PPARα localization in neuronal circuits involved in emotion modulation and stress response, and its role in neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation. A multiplicity of downstream pathways modulated by PPARα activation, including glutamatergic neurotransmission, upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurosteroidogenic effects, encompass mechanisms underlying behavioral regulation. Modulation of dopamine neuronal firing in the ventral tegmental area likely contributes to PPARα effects in depression, anhedonia, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Based on robust preclinical evidence and the initial results of clinical studies, future clinical trials should assess the efficacy of PPARα agonists in the treatment of mood and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, and ASD.
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Sblano S, Cerchia C, Laghezza A, Piemontese L, Brunetti L, Leuci R, Gilardi F, Thomas A, Genovese M, Santi A, Tortorella P, Paoli P, Lavecchia A, Loiodice F. A chemoinformatics search for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligands revealed a new pan-agonist able to reduce lipid accumulation and improve insulin sensitivity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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33
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Wang X, Ma Q, Chen L, Wu H, Chen LQ, Qiao F, Luo Y, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is essential for stress adaptation by maintaining lipid homeostasis in female fish. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159162. [PMID: 35427795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Reduction of lipid synthesis often causes free fatty acid (FFA) overload, resulting consequential oxidative stress and health damage. Environmental stresses also induce cellular oxidative stress in organisms. The functional peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (pparg) gene is essential for lipid synthesis and homeostatic lipid maintenance. However, the relationship between the pparg-mediated lipid synthesis and environmental stress adaptation awaits full elucidation. Here, we generated a pparg-knockout zebrafish model. The conversion of free fatty acids into triglycerides in the female pparg mutants was hampered by reduced esterification efficiency, thus induced lipotoxicity, as evidenced by high oxidative stress and damaged health in these mutants, which led to reduced resistance to cold, heat and ammonia nitrogen stresses. Activating pparg in the wild-type female fish via dietary supplementation with rosiglitazone (a pparg agonist), or reducing oxidative stress in the female pparg mutants via dietary supplementation with N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant), or promoting mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation in the female pparg mutants via dietary supplementation with l-carnitine, resulted in significantly reduced cellular injury, and improved environmental stress resistance. Collectively, our findings reveal that the regulative function of pparg in FFA esterification is important in stress resistance in female fish, and highlight the tight correlation existing between lipotoxicity and environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongxia Wu
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Sunscreen filter octocrylene is a potential obesogen by acting as a PPARγ partial agonist. Toxicol Lett 2022; 355:141-149. [PMID: 34864131 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Octocrylene (OC) is an extensively prescribed organic ultraviolet B filter used in sunscreen products. Due to its extensive use, a significant level of OC is detected in marine and freshwater environments. Notably, the bioaccumulation of OC in aquatic biota may affect human health. In this study, the effect of OC on metabolism was investigated using the adipogenesis model of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). OC promoted adiponectin production during adipogenesis in hBM-MSCs compared to the vehicle-treated control (EC50, 29.6 μM). In target identification, OC directly bound to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ (Ki, 37.8 μM). OC-bound PPARγ also significantly recruited nuclear receptor coactivator proteins SRC-1 (EC50, 54.1 μM) and SRC-2 (EC50, 58.6 μM). In the molecular docking simulation study, the optimal ligand-binding mode of OC suggested that OC is a PPARγ partial agonist. A competitive analysis with a PPARγ full agonist pioglitazone revealed that OC acted as a PPARγ partial agonist. OC altered the gene transcription profile of lipid-metabolism associated enzymes in normal human keratinocytes, primarily exposed human cells after the application of sunscreens. In conclusion, OC is a potential metabolic disrupting obesogen.
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Pudakalakatti S, Titus M, Enriquez JS, Ramachandran S, Zacharias NM, Shureiqi I, Liu Y, Yao JC, Zuo X, Bhattacharya PK. Identifying the Metabolic Signatures of PPARD-Overexpressing Gastric Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1645. [PMID: 35163565 PMCID: PMC8835946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) is a nuclear receptor known to play an essential role in regulation of cell metabolism, cell proliferation, inflammation, and tumorigenesis in normal and cancer cells. Recently, we found that a newly generated villin-PPARD mouse model, in which PPARD is overexpressed in villin-positive gastric progenitor cells, demonstrated spontaneous development of large, invasive gastric tumors as the mice aged. However, the role of PPARD in regulation of downstream metabolism in normal gastric and tumor cells is elusive. The aim of the present study was to find PPARD-regulated downstream metabolic changes and to determine the potential significance of those changes to gastric tumorigenesis in mice. Hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed for metabolic profiling to determine the PPARD-regulated metabolite changes in PPARD mice at different ages during the development of gastric cancer, and the changes were compared to corresponding wild-type mice. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomic screening results showed higher levels of inosine monophosphate (p = 0.0054), uracil (p = 0.0205), phenylalanine (p = 0.017), glycine (p = 0.014), and isocitrate (p = 0.029) and lower levels of inosine (p = 0.0188) in 55-week-old PPARD mice than in 55-week-old wild-type mice. As the PPARD mice aged from 10 weeks to 35 weeks and 55 weeks, we observed significant changes in levels of the metabolites inosine monophosphate (p = 0.0054), adenosine monophosphate (p = 0.009), UDP-glucose (p = 0.0006), and oxypurinol (p = 0.039). Hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy performed to measure lactate flux in live 10-week-old PPARD mice with no gastric tumors and 35-week-old PPARD mice with gastric tumors did not reveal a significant difference in the ratio of lactate to total pyruvate plus lactate, indicating that this PPARD-induced spontaneous gastric tumor development does not require glycolysis as the main source of fuel for tumorigenesis. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based measurement of fatty acid levels showed lower linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and steric acid levels in 55-week-old PPARD mice than in 10-week-old PPARD mice, supporting fatty acid oxidation as a bioenergy source for PPARD-expressing gastric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.P.); (J.S.E.)
| | - Mark Titus
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.T.); (S.R.)
| | - José S. Enriquez
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.P.); (J.S.E.)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sumankalai Ramachandran
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Niki M. Zacharias
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Imad Shureiqi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (I.S.); (Y.L.); (J.C.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (I.S.); (Y.L.); (J.C.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - James C. Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (I.S.); (Y.L.); (J.C.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiangsheng Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (I.S.); (Y.L.); (J.C.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Pratip K. Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.P.); (J.S.E.)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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Marchais A, Marques Da Costa ME, Job B, Abbas R, Drubay D, Piperno-Neumann S, Fromigué O, Gomez-Brouchet A, Françoise R, Droit R, Lervat C, ENTZ-WERLE N, Pacquement H, Devoldere C, Cupissol D, Bodet D, GANDEMER V, Berger MG, Bérard PM, Jimenez M, Vassal G, Geoerger B, Brugieres L, Gaspar N. Immune infiltrate and tumor microenvironment transcriptional programs stratify pediatric osteosarcoma into prognostic groups at diagnosis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:974-985. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang Y, Li H, Gao H, Xu X, Cai T, Wang H, Zhou Y, Huang R, Su X, Ma J. Effect of chiglitazar and sitagliptin on glucose variations, insulin resistance and inflammatory-related biomarkers in untreated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 183:109171. [PMID: 34883184 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate glycemic variations, changes in insulin resistance and oxidative stress after chiglitazar or sitagliptin treatment in untreated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Based on the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, 81 patients with T2DM were randomly divided to receive chiglitazar or sitagliptin treatment for 24 weeks. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems were conducted for 72 h in eligible patients. We analyzed the following glycemic variation parameters derived from the CGM data and measured the serum levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2-h PBG), fasting insulin (Fins) and inflammatory-related indicators at baseline and the end of the study. RESULTS After treatment for 24 weeks, our data showed a similar reduction in HbA1c between chiglitazar and sitagliptin. The 24-h mean blood glucose (MBG), standard deviation (SD) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) were significantly decreased, and the time in range (TIR) was increased after chiglitazar and sitagliptin therapy. Chiglitazar administration led to significant improvement in insulin resistance/insulin secretion (HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin F2α (PGF-2α), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and adiponectin (ADP) score values compared with sitagliptin administration. CONCLUSIONS Chiglitazar therapy effectively reduced glucose variation and showed a larger improvement in insulin resistance and inflammatory parameters than sitagliptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunting Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofei Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiahuan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Toobian D, Ghosh P, Katkar GD. Parsing the Role of PPARs in Macrophage Processes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:783780. [PMID: 35003101 PMCID: PMC8727354 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.783780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are richly equipped with nuclear receptors, which act as ligand-regulated transcription factors. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), members of the nuclear receptor family, have been extensively studied for their roles in development, differentiation, and homeostatic processes. In the recent past, there has been substantial interest in understanding and defining the functions of PPARs and their agonists in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses as well as their pharmacologic potential in combating acute and chronic inflammatory disease. In this review, we focus on emerging evidence of the potential roles of the PPAR subtypes in macrophage biology. We also discuss the roles of dual and pan PPAR agonists as modulators of immune cell function, microbial infection, and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Toobian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Rebecca and John Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gajanan D. Katkar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Ko H, Jang H, An S, Park IG, Ahn S, Gong J, Hwang SY, Oh S, Kwak SY, Choi WJ, Kim H, Noh M. Galangin 3-benzyl-5-methylether derivatives function as an adiponectin synthesis-promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ partial agonist. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 54:116564. [PMID: 34922307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The upregulation of adiponectin production has been suggested as a novel strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Galangin, a natural flavonoid, exhibited adiponectin synthesis-promoting activity during adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In target identification, galangin bound both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and estrogen receptor (ER) β. Novel galangin derivatives were synthesized to improve adiponectin synthesis-promoting compounds by increasing the PPARγ activity of galangin and reducing its ERβ activity, because PPARγ functions can be inhibited by ERβ. Three galangin 3-benzyl-5-methylether derivatives significantly promoted adiponectin production by 2.88-, 4.47-, and 2.76-fold, respectively, compared to the effect of galangin. The most potent compound, galangin 3-benzyl-5,7-dimethylether, selectively bound to PPARγ (Ki, 1.7 μM), whereas it did not bind to ERβ. Galangin 3-benzyl-5,7-dimethylether was identified as a PPARγ partial agonist in docking and pharmacological competition studies, suggesting that it may have diverse therapeutic potential in a variety of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Ko
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Jang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Guk Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junpyo Gong
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Hwang
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kwak
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Priming, Triggering, Adaptation and Senescence (PTAS): A Hypothesis for a Common Damage Mechanism of Steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212545. [PMID: 34830427 PMCID: PMC8624051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathomechanism of steatohepatitis (SH) is hampered by the difficulty of distinguishing between causes and consequences, by the broad spectrum of aetiologies that can produce the phenotype, and by the long time-span during which SH develops, often without clinical symptoms. We propose that SH develops in four phases with transitions: (i) priming lowers stress defence; (ii) triggering leads to acute damage; (iii) adaptation, possibly associated with cellular senescence, mitigates tissue damage, leads to the phenotype, and preserves liver function at a lower level; (iv) finally, senescence prevents neoplastic transformation but favours fibrosis (cirrhosis) and inflammation and further reduction in liver function. Escape from senescence eventually leads to hepatocellular carcinoma. This hypothesis for a pathomechanism of SH is supported by clinical and experimental observations. It allows organizing the various findings to uncover remaining gaps in our knowledge and, finally, to provide possible diagnostic and intervention strategies for each stage of SH development.
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41
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The Role and Mechanism of Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Receptors in the Development of NAFLD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6889533. [PMID: 34745420 PMCID: PMC8566046 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6889533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. It is now acknowledged that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized as a redox-centered disease due to the role of ROS in hepatic metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for these alternations are not completely understood. Several nuclear receptors (NRs) are dysregulated in NAFLD, and have a direct influence on the expression of a set of genes relating to the progress of hepatic lipid homeostasis and ROS generation. Meanwhile, the NRs act as redox sensors in response to metabolic stress. Therefore, targeting NRs may represent a promising strategy for improving oxidation damage and treating NAFLD. This review summarizes the link between impaired lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and highlights some NRs involved in regulating oxidant/antioxidant turnover in the context of NAFLD, shedding light on potential therapies based on NR-mediated modulation of ROS generation and lipid accumulation.
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Wang R, Li DF, Hu YF, Liao Q, Jiang TT, Olatunji OJ, Yang K, Zuo J. Qing-Luo-Yin Alleviated Monocytes/Macrophages-Mediated Inflammation in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis by Disrupting Their Interaction with (Pre)-Adipocytes Through PPAR-γ Signaling. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3105-3118. [PMID: 34295151 PMCID: PMC8291661 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s320599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The Chinese herbal formula Qing-Luo-Yin (QLY) has been successfully used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment for decades. It exhibits notable immune and metabolism regulatory properties. Thereby, we investigated its effects on the interplay between (pre)-adipocytes and monocytes/macrophages under adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) circumstances. Methods Fat reservoir and histological characteristics of white fat tissues (WAT) in AIA rats receiving QLY treatment were examined upon sacrifice. Metabolic parameters, clinical indicators, and oxidative stress levels were determined using corresponding kits, while mRNA/protein expression was investigated by PCR and immunoblotting methods. M1 macrophage distribution in WAT was assessed by flow cytometry. The effects of QLY on (pre)-adipocytes were further validated by experiments in vitro. Results Compared with normal healthy controls, body weight and circulating triglyceride were declined in AIA rats, but serological levels of free fatty acids and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were increased. mRNA IL-1β and iNOS expression in white blood cells and rheumatoid factor, C-reactive protein, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, MCP-1 and IL-1β production in serum/WAT were up-regulated. Obvious CD86+CD11b+ macrophages were enriched in WAT. Meanwhile, expression of PPAR-γ and SIRT1 and secretion of adiponectin and leptin in these AIA rats were impaired. QLY restored all these pathological changes. Of note, it significantly stimulated PPAR-γ expression in the treated AIA rats. Accordingly, QLY-containing serum promoted SCD-1, PPAR-γ, and SIRT1 expression in pre-adipocytes cultured in vitro. AIA rats-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells suppressed PPAR-γ and SCD-1 expression in co-cultured pre-adipocytes, but serum from AIA rats receiving QLY treatment did not exhibit this potential. The changes on PPAR-γ expression eventually resulted in varied adipocyte differentiation statuses. PPAR-γ selective inhibitor T0070907 abrogated QLY-induced MCP-1 production decline in LPS-primed pre-adipocytes and reduced adiponectin secretion. Conclusion QLY was potent in promoting PPAR-γ expression and consequently disrupted inflammatory feedback in WAT by altering monocytes/macrophages polarization and adipocytes differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Feng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fang Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Kui Yang
- Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
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Blunder S, Pavel P, Minzaghi D, Dubrac S. PPARdelta in Affected Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis: A Possible Role in Metabolic Reprograming. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7354. [PMID: 34298981 PMCID: PMC8303290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors expressed in the skin. Three PPAR isotypes, α (NRC1C1), β or δ (NRC1C2) and γ (NRC1C3), have been identified. After activation through ligand binding, PPARs heterodimerize with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor (RXR), another nuclear hormone receptor, to bind to specific PPAR-responsive elements in regulatory regions of target genes mainly involved in organogenesis, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, inflammation and metabolism of lipids or carbohydrates. Endogenous PPAR ligands are fatty acids and fatty acid metabolites. In past years, much emphasis has been given to PPARα and γ in skin diseases. PPARβ/δ is the least studied PPAR family member in the skin despite its key role in several important pathways regulating inflammation, keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, metabolism and the oxidative stress response. This review focuses on the role of PPARβ/δ in keratinocytes and its involvement in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Moreover, the relevance of targeting PPARβ/δ to alleviate skin inflammation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Epidermal Biology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (P.P.); (D.M.)
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Nono Nankam PA, Blüher M. Retinol-binding protein 4 in obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 531:111312. [PMID: 33957191 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Excessive increased adipose tissue mass in obesity is associated with numerous co-morbid disorders including increased risk of type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, dementia, airway disease and some cancers. The causal mechanisms explaining these associations are not fully understood. Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes many adipokines, cytokines and releases metabolites. These biomolecules referred to as adipocytokines play a significant role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and metabolism by influencing and altering target tissues function. Understanding the mechanisms of adipocytokine actions represents a hot topic in obesity research. Among several secreted bioactive signalling molecules from adipose tissue and liver, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been associated with systemic insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Here, we aim to review and discuss the current knowledge on RBP4 with a focus on its role in the pathogenesis of obesity comorbid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Nono Nankam
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Germany; Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Germany
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45
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Zhao J, Xu P, Liu X, Ji X, Li M, Dev S, Qu X, Lu W, Niu B. Application of machine learning methods for the development of antidiabetic drugs. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:260-271. [PMID: 34161205 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210622104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by several different routes, which has attracted increasing attention. In order to speed up the development of new selective drugs, machine learning (ML) technology has been applied in the process of diabetes drug development, which opens up a new blueprint for drug design. This review provides a comprehensive portrayal of the application of ML in antidiabetic drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
| | - Sooranna Dev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College London, Fulham Road, London SW10 9 NH, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, No. 189, Changgang Road, 530023, Nanning, China
| | - Wencong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, China
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Pparγ1 Facilitates ErbB2-Mammary Adenocarcinoma in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092171. [PMID: 33946495 PMCID: PMC8125290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2, which is associated with clinically aggressive disease, is overexpressed in 15-20% of breast cancers (BC). The host immune system participates in the therapeutic response of HER2+ breast cancer. Identifying genetic programs that participate in ErbB2-induced tumors may provide the rational basis for co-extinction therapeutic approaches. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which is expressed in a variety of malignancies, governs biological functions through transcriptional programs. Herein, genetic deletion of endogenous Pparγ1 restrained mammary tumor progression, lipogenesis, and induced local mammary tumor macrophage infiltration, without affecting other tissue hematopoietic stem cell pools. Endogenous Pparγ1 induced expression of both an EphA2-Amphiregulin and an inflammatory INFγ and Cxcl5 signaling module, that was recapitulated in human breast cancer. Pparγ1 bound directly to growth promoting and proinflammatory target genes in the context of chromatin. We conclude Pparγ1 promotes ErbB2-induced tumor growth and inflammation and represents a relevant target for therapeutic coextinction. Herein, endogenous Pparγ1 promoted ErbB2-mediated mammary tumor onset and progression. PPARγ1 increased expression of an EGF-EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase module and a cytokine/chemokine 1 transcriptional module. The induction of a pro-tumorigenic inflammatory state by Pparγ1 may provide the rationale for complementary coextinction programs in ErbB2 tumors.
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Yuvaraj S, Kumar BRP. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ as a novel and promising target for treating cancer via regulation of inflammation: A brief review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:3-14. [PMID: 33888047 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210422112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are group of nuclear receptors and the ligand-activated intracellular transcription factors that are known to play a key role in physiological processes such as cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, tissue remodeling, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, in the past two decades, many reports claim that PPARs also play an imperious role as a tumor suppressor. PPAR- gamma (PPARγ), one of the best-known from the family of PPARs, is known to express in colon, breast, bladder, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Its function in tumour cells includes the modulation of several pathways involved in multiplication and apoptosis. The ligands of PPARγ act by PPARγ dependent as well as independent pathways and are also found to regulate different inflammatory mediators and transcription factors in systemic inflammation and in tumor microenvironment. Both synthetic and natural ligands that are known to activate PPARγ, suppress the tumor cell growth and multiplication through the regulation of inflammatory pathways, as found out from different functional assays and animal studies. Cancer and inflammation are interconnected process that are now being targeted to achieve tumor suppression by decreasing the risks and burden posed by cancer cells. Therefore, PPARγ can serve as a promising target for development of clinical drug molecule attenuating the proliferation of cancer cells. In this perspective, this mini review highlights the PPARγ as a potential target for drug development aiming for anti-inflammatory and thereby suppressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, Pekarek L, Alvarez-Mon MA, Asúnsolo Á, Sanchez-Trujillo L, Coca S, Buján J, Álvarez-Mon M, García-Honduvilla N, Sainz F. Defective expression of the peroxisome regulators PPARα receptors and lysogenesis with increased cellular senescence in the venous wall of chronic venous disorder. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:547-558. [PMID: 33645625 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic venous disorder (CVeD) remains partially understood. A marked wall remodeling has been shown with potential accelerated tissue senescence. We have investigated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms transcription factor EB (TFEB) as regulatory molecules of cellular homeostasis and makers of peroxisomal and lysosomal biogenesis. We have also quantified p16 expression as a cellular senescence marker. In specimens of maior safena vein from 35 CVeD and 27 healthy venous controls (HV), we studied the expression of PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ, PPAR-γ, TFEB and p16 by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical techniques. We have demonstrated a reduced gene and protein expression of the PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ isoform as well as that of TFEB in the venous wall of CVeD patients, suggesting an altered peroxisomal and lysosomal biogenesis associated with an increased cellular senescence shown by increased p16 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Sanchez-Trujillo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Sainz
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, Spain
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Zuo J, Tao MQ, Wu XY, Jiang TT, Olatunji OJ, Dong J, Han J, Ji CL. Securidaca inappendiculata-Derived Xanthones Protected Joints from Degradation in Male Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Regulating PPAR-γ Signaling. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:395-411. [PMID: 33623411 PMCID: PMC7896782 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s295957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bark of Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. is traditionally used for treating inflammatory diseases and bone fractures in China. We have previously validated the xanthone-enriched fraction (XRF) of S. inappendiculata with anti-rheumatic potentials, but mechanism underlying the joints protective effects is still largely unknown. Materials and Methods The male rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were treated with XRF. The therapeutic efficacy of XRF was evaluated by arthritis score changes, morphological observation of paws, histological examinations and serological analyses. Protein expression in tissues and cells was investigated by either immunohistochemical or immunoblotting methods, while levels of mRNA expression were investigated by RT-qPCR. Metabolites in serum were detected by LC-MS approach. The joints homogenates were used for analyzing possible targeted genes by genome microarray analyses. Results Treatment with XRF and methotrexate (MTX) led to significant decrease in arthritis scores, and alleviated deformation of paws in CIA rats. In addition, XRF and MTX reduced circulating TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17α in the serum and down-regulated TLR4/NF-κB and JNK pathways in joints of CIA rats. Compared to MTX, XRF-loading microemulsion significantly protected joints, which was accompanied by dramatic decrease in MMP3. Differential genes-based KEGG enrichment and metabolomics analysis suggested that XRF reduced fatty acids biosynthesis by regulating PPAR-γ signaling. S inappendiculata-derived 1,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyxanthone (XAN) up-regulated PPAR-γ expression in macrophages, but suppressed it in pre-adipocytes in vitro, which was synchronized with SIRT1 changes. Adiponectin production and SCD-1 expression in pre-adipocytes were also decreased. Aside the direct inhibition on MMP3 expression in synovioblast, the presence of XAN in macrophages-pre-adipocytes co-culture system further reinforced this effect. Conclusion This study revealed the joint protective advantages of the bioactive fraction from S. inappendiculata in CIA rats over MTX, and demonstrated that S. inappendiculata-derived xanthones suppressed the erosive nature of synovioblast acquired under inflammatory circumstances by regulating PPAR-γ signaling-controlled metabolism-immunity feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qing Tao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yue Wu
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jiyang Dong
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Lan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Dai J, Li Y, Kametani F, Cui X, Igarashi Y, Huo J, Miyahara H, Mori M, Higuchi K. Curcumin promotes AApoAII amyloidosis and peroxisome proliferation in mice by activating the PPARα signaling pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e63538. [PMID: 33496266 PMCID: PMC7880682 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that exhibits multiple physiological activities. To elucidate the mechanisms by which curcumin affects systemic amyloidosis, we investigated amyloid deposition and molecular changes in a mouse model of amyloid apolipoprotein A-II (AApoAII) amyloidosis, in which mice were fed a curcumin-supplemented diet. Curcumin supplementation for 12 weeks significantly increased AApoAII amyloid deposition relative to controls, especially in the liver and spleen. Liver weights and plasma ApoA-II and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were significantly elevated in curcumin-supplemented groups. RNA-sequence analysis revealed that curcumin intake affected hepatic lipid metabolism via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, especially PPARα activation, resulting in increased Apoa2 mRNA expression. The increase in liver weights was due to activation of PPARα and peroxisome proliferation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that curcumin is a PPARα activator and may affect expression levels of proteins involved in amyloid deposition to influence amyloidosis and metabolism in a complex manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dai
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Pathology, the Xiehe Hospital of TangshanTangshanChina
| | - Ying Li
- Aging Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
| | - Fuyuki Kametani
- Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Xiaoran Cui
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hiroki Miyahara
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Masayuki Mori
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
| | - Keiichi Higuchi
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
- Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan
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