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Yu Y, Chen H, Chen G, Su W, Hua M, Wang L, Yan X, Wang S, Wang Y. Deciphering the crop-soil-enzyme C:N:P stoichiometry nexus: A 5-year study on manure-induced changes in soil phosphorus transformation and release risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173226. [PMID: 38768729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry plays a vital role in regulating P transformation in agriculture ecosystems. However, the impact of balanced C:N:P stoichiometry in paddy soil, particularly regarding relative soil P transformation, remains unknown. This study explores the response of C:N:P stoichiometry to manure substitution and its regulatory role in soil P transformation, along with the associated release risk to the environment. Based on a 5-year field study, our findings reveal that replacing 30 % of chemical P fertilizer with pig manure (equal total NPK amounts with chemical P fertilizer treatment, named CFM) increased soil total C without altering soil total P, resulting in an elevated soil C:P ratio, despite the homeostasis of crop stoichiometry. This increase promoted microbial diversity and the accumulation of organic P in the soil. The Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria produced lower C:PEEA metabolism together, and enhanced in vivo turnover of P. Additionally, by integrating high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper), diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), DGT-induced fluxes in the soil (DIFS), and sediment P release risk index (SPRRI) models, we observed that, in addition to organic P, CFM simultaneously increased soil Al-P, thereby weakening the diffusion and resupply capacity of P from soil solids to the solution. Consequently, this decrease in P release risk to the environment was demonstrated. Overall, this study establishes a connection between crop-soil-enzyme C:N:P stoichiometry, soil microorganisms, and soil P biogeochemical processes. The study further evaluates the P release risk to the environment, providing a novel perspective on both the direct and indirect effects of manure substitution on soil P cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Guanglei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Weihua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Mingxiu Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Shenqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China.
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2
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Wauchope-Thompson MS, Baulch HM, Cade-Menun BJ. Internal phosphorus loading in a chain of eutrophic hardwater lakes in Saskatchewan, Canada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171493. [PMID: 38458448 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sediments can act as a source or sink of phosphorus (P) for the water column of lakes. In iron (Fe)-rich softwater lakes, redox processes are important contributors to sediment P flux. However, the contribution of redox processes to P flux in hardwater lakes, with high pH and high concentrations of redox-insensitive calcium (Ca) is unknown. Intact sediment cores, collected in different seasons (summer or fall) from a chain of eutrophic hardwater lakes in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada, were used to quantify sediment P fluxes in laboratory incubations under hypoxic or oxic conditions at temperatures consistent with the season of sample collection. Geochemical analyses determined concentrations of sediment total (TP) and organic P (TPo), organic matter (OM), total Ca and magnesium, and total and extractable manganese, Fe and aluminum. Sediment P pools were determined using sequential fractionation and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Sediment P fluxes were significantly higher in sediment cores incubated under hypoxic conditions (-24.4 to 28.5 mg P m-2 d-1) than oxic conditions (-60.3 to 14.2 mg P m-2 d-1). There were significant seasonal and lake differences for TP, TPo and cation concentrations, with Ca the dominant cation in all but one lake. Phosphate bound in the redox-sensitive pool was the only sediment P fraction that significantly differed among the lakes (0.10 to 0.18 mg P g-1 d.w.; 9 to 16 % of TP), with an inverse relationship to sediment P flux. Principal component analysis suggests that high concentrations of internally-generated TPo forms and OM in surface sediments play a key role in internal P loading in these lakes. However, sediment Ca appears to have an overriding effect on sediment P, partially masking the impact of redox control on internal P loading in these hardwater prairie lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Wauchope-Thompson
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Helen M Baulch
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Barbara J Cade-Menun
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Swift Current, SK, Canada.
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Dadi T, Schultze M, Kong X, Seewald M, Rinke K, Friese K. Sudden eutrophication of an aluminum sulphate treated lake due to abrupt increase of internal phosphorus loading after three decades of mesotrophy. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119824. [PMID: 36913811 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum salts are widely used to immobilize phosphorus (P) in lakes suffering from internal loading. However, longevity of treatments varies among lakes; some lakes eutrophy faster than others. We conducted biogeochemical investigations of sediments of a closed artificial Lake Barleber, Germany that was successfully remediated with aluminum sulfate in 1986. The lake became mesotrophic for almost 30 years; a rather rapid re-eutrophication took place in 2016 leading to massive cyanobacterial blooms. We quantified internal loading from sediment and analyzed two environmental factors that might have contributed to the sudden shift in trophic state. Increase in lake P concentration started in 2016, reaching 0.3 mg L-1, and remained elevated into the spring of 2018. Reducible P fraction in the sediment was 37 - 58% of total P, indicating a high potential for mobilization of benthic P during anoxia. Estimated P release from sediments for 2017 was approximately 600 kg for the whole lake. This is consistent with sediment incubation results; higher temperature (20°C) and anoxia contributed to release of P (27.9 ± 7.1 mg m-2 d-1, 0.94 ± 0.23 mmol m-2 d-1) to the lake, triggering re-eutrophication. Loss of aluminum P adsorption capacity together with anoxia and high water temperatures (organic matter mineralization) are major drivers of re-eutrophication. Accordingly, treated lakes at some time require a repeated aluminum treatment for sustaining acceptable water quality and we recommend regular sediment monitoring in treated lakes. This is crucial given the effects of climate warming on duration of stratification in lakes which may result in the need for treatment of many lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tallent Dadi
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Schultze
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Michael Seewald
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Rinke
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Friese
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brueckstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany
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4
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Ding Y, Yi Q, Jia Q, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Liu X. Quantifying phosphorus levels in water columns equilibrated with sediment particles in shallow lakes: From algae/cyanobacteria-available phosphorus pools to pH response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161694. [PMID: 36690114 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sediment phosphorus (P) release in shallow eutrophic lakes is a major contributor of P to algal blooms. This research proposes an innovative notion in which the P diffusive fluxes at the sediment-water interface (SWI) of shallow lakes are controlled by the P adsorption-desorption equilibria, with pH as the major regulating factor. The P equilibrium concentration (Ce) at SWI was conceptualized into a dependent variable responding to two factor-dependent variables, the algae/cyanobacteria-available P pools of the SWI and the pH in the water column, resulting in the empirical equation Ce(pH) = Cm/[1 + e-k(pH-pH1/2)]. Cm is the maximum P equilibrium concentration when all algae/cyanobacteria-available P in sediments is released, and the value relies on the thickness of the oxygen and pH transition layer that contains iron/aluminium (hydr)oxide-adsorbed P. The parameters in the empirical equation are accessible from P desorption tests conducted on a set of sediment samples with different P pollution levels. This research provides a quantitative approach for determining the sediment P criteria of shallow lakes, with sediment iron/aluminium (hydr)oxide-adsorbed P and water depth as two main indicators with ecological implications. A decrease in water depth would proportionally increase the P concentration at a similar sediment P releasing flux and increase algae/cyanobacteria-available P pools that are ready to equilibrate with the water column by increasing hydrodynamic disturbance of the SWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Ding
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qirui Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhaona Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
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5
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Chen C, Kang Y, Chen H, Liu Y, Xu M, Long L, Zhang Y, Wu J, Huang C, Wang Y, Yang G. Effects of overwintering cyanobacteria on phosphorus and iron regeneration across the sediment-water interface: A pilot simulation experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161518. [PMID: 36642276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are a major environmental problem in eutrophic reservoirs in China. Algal cells can migrate to the sediment surface in winter and maintain biological activity, which could further affect the cycling process of sediment phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe). In this study, a pilot simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of overwintering cyanobacteria (Owc) on P and Fe regeneration across the sediment-water interface (SWI). Owc esterase activity ranged from 16.4 to 26.6 nmol (FDA)/(L·h), with a fluctuating increasing trend within the incubation time. Compared with the control (no Owc), Owc treatment increased the redox potential value (Eh) at the SWI but slightly decreased the pH during the first stage of this experiment (0-24 d); however, the Eh at the SWI under Owc treatment decreased to 50.9 % of that of the control on day 90. The Fe(II) could rapidly oxidized to Fe (oxyhydro)oxides and combine with phosphate in high Eh environments, and Owc inhibited P and Fe release at the SWI within 24 days; however, the continuous decrease in Eh resulted in the reduction of Fe(III). Thus, the Fe concentration measured via diffusive gradients in thin films in the Owc-treated interstitial water gradually increased to 1.92 times that of the control, promoting the release of Fe and P across the SWI. For 13 days after Owc addition, the amount of mobile P in the sediment was significantly higher than that in the control, and it gradually decreased from day 24 to 90, with the lowest being approximately 74.1 % of the amount in the control. The reactive Fe concentration in the sediment showed a similar variation trend. These results indicate that mobile P and reactive Fe in the sediment could be the main sources of regeneration across the SWI in the presence of Owc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuxie Kang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lulu Long
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanzong Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chengyi Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Chengdu Operation Center for Environmental Emergencies, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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6
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Zhang J, Buyang S, Yi Q, Deng P, Huang W, Chen C, Shi W. Connecting sources, fractions and algal availability of sediment phosphorus in shallow lakes: An approach to the criteria for sediment phosphorus concentrations. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:798-810. [PMID: 36375961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although point and nonpoint sources contribute roughly equal nutrient loads to lakes, their relative role in supporting algae growth has not been clarified. In this research, we have established a quantitative relationship between algae-available phosphorus (P) and P chemical fractions in sediments; the latter indicates the relative contribution of point versus nonpoint sources. Surface sediments from three large shallow lakes in eastern China, namely, the Chaohu, Taihu and Hongzehu Lakes, were sampled to assess their algae-available P and chemically extracted P fractions. The algae-available P primarily comes from iron/aluminium (hydr)oxide-bound P (Fe/Al-bound P), 45% of which is algae-available P. The ratio of Fe/Al-bound P to calcium compound-bound P (Ca-bound P) indicated the relative contribution of point to nonpoint sources, with the point sources contributing the majority of increased Fe/Al-bound P in sediments. Therefore, the reduction of point sources from urbanized areas, rather than nonpoint sources from agricultural areas that primarily contribute to the Ca-bound P fraction, should be prioritized to alleviate cyanobacterial algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in shallow lakes with sediment P as a potential source to support algae growth. With these important results, we proposed a conceptual model for "P-pumping suction" from sediments to algae to aid in the development of the criteria for sediment P concentrations in shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shijiao Buyang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Peiyao Deng
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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Tichá A, Vondrák D, Moravcová A, Chiverrell R, Kuneš P. Climate-related soil saturation and peatland development may have conditioned surface water brownification at a central European lake for millennia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159982. [PMID: 36356759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water brownification has long altered freshwater ecosystems across the northern hemisphere. The intensive surface water brownification of the last 30 years was however preceded by previous long-lasting more humic browning episodes in many catchments. To disentangle a cascade of browning-induced environmental stressors this longer temporal perspective is essential and can be reconstructed using paleolimnological investigations. Here we present a Holocene duration multi-proxy paleolimnological record from a small forest mountain lake in the Bohemian Forest (Czechia) and show that climate-related soil saturation and peatland development has driven surface water brownification for millennia there. A long core retrieved from the central part of the lake was dated using 14C and 210Pb, subsampled and analyzed for diatoms and zoological indicator (chironomids, planktonic cladocerans) remains. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) provided a record of elements sensitive to biogeochemical processes connected to browning and catchment development (P, Ti, Al/Rb, Fe/Ti, Mn/Ti, Si/Ti). Three threshold shifts related to the processes of water browning were detected in both diatom and chironomid successions at ~10.7, ~5.5 and ~4.2 cal. ky BP. Since, postglacial afforestation of the catchment ~10.7 cal. ky BP the lake experienced strong thermal stratification of the waters, but after ~6.8 cal. ky BP soil saturation and expansion of peatlands led to effective shading and probable nutrient limitation within the lake ecosystem. The more intensive in-wash of dissolved organic matter appears to decline after ~4.2 cal. ky BP, when the paludified catchment soils became permanently anoxic. Two temporary negative and positive anomalies of browning progress occur at the same time and may be connected with the "8.2 ka event" and the "4.2 ka event", respectively. The key role of peatlands presence in the catchment was manifested in millennial-scaled browning process and a climatic forcing of long-lasting browning is evidenced by coincidence with the moistening of climate across the northern hemisphere after ~6 cal. ky BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tichá
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniel Vondrák
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Moravcová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Information Sources and Landscape Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague, Letenská 4, 11801 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Chiverrell
- Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZT, UK
| | - Petr Kuneš
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Bai G, Luo F, Zou Y, Liu Y, Wang R, Yang H, Liu Z, Chang J, Wu Z, Zhang Y. Effects of vermiculite on the growth process of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis and sediment microecological environment. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 118:130-139. [PMID: 35305761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ecological restoration is one of the hot technologies for the reconstruction of eutrophic lake ecosystems in which the restoration and propagation of submerged plants is the key and difficult step. In this paper, the effect of vermiculite on the growth process of Vallisneria spiralis and sediment microenvironment were investigated, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the application of vermiculite in aquatic ecological restoration. Results of growth indexes demonstrated that 5% and 10% vermiculite treatment groups statistically promote the growth of Vallisneria spiralis compared to the control. Meanwhile, the results of ecophysiological indexes showed that photosynthetic pigment, soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity of 5% and 10% group were increased compared with the control while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content exhibited the opposite result (p < 0.05), which illustrated that vermiculite can improve the resistance of plants and delay the aging process of Vallisneria spiralis. In addition, result of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) demonstrated 5% and 10% group has improved the sediment physical conditions and create more ecological niche for microorganisms directly, and then promoted the growth of plants. The dissolution results showed that vermiculite can dissolve the constant and trace elements needed for plant growth. Furthermore, the addition of vermiculite increased the diversity of microorganisms in the sediments, and promoted the increase of plant growth-promoting bacteria and phosphorus-degrading bacteria. This study could provide a technique reference for the further application of vermiculite in the field of ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yilingyun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zisen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junjun Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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9
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Tammeorg O, Nürnberg GK, Tõnno I, Kisand A, Tuvikene L, Nõges T, Nõges P. Sediment phosphorus mobility in Võrtsjärv, a large shallow lake: Insights from phosphorus sorption experiments and long-term monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154572. [PMID: 35306066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sediment phosphorus (P) recycling is one of the key issues in lake water quality management. We studied sediment P mobility in Võrtsjärv, a large shallow lake in Estonia using both sorption experiments and long-term (1985-2020) monitoring data of the lake. Over the years studied, the lake has undergone a decline in external phosphorus loading (EL), while no improvement in phytoplankton indicators was observed. The results of the sorption experiments revealed that it may be successfully used as a tool to determine P forms involved in P retention, as up to 100% of the P from the water column was detected in sediments. Incubation of wet sediment is preferred to dry because of the sensitivity of organic P to desiccation. In the sediments of Võrtsjärv, the labile P (Lab-P) and iron bound (Fe-P) fractions are the major forms of the mobile pool that supply internal P load as sediment released P. The internal P load calculated from summer total P (TP) increases (ILin situ) in the water column was on average 42%, but could reach 240% of EL at extreme environmental conditions. ILin situ was correlated with the active area, which resembles the area involved in redox-related P release in polymictic lakes, and with the mean bottom shear stress in summer. ILin situ showed a similar decreasing pattern as the external P load over the years 1985-2020, and was likely driven by the decrease of the pool of releasable P. Similarly, the decreases in sediment loading by P retention in our P sorption experiment were associated with decreases in the concentration of the potentially mobile P forms (mainly Lab-P and Fe-P). These results show that changes in external P loading can successfully control internal P loading and are useful in water quality management of large lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tammeorg
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Ilmar Tõnno
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Kisand
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lea Tuvikene
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiina Nõges
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peeter Nõges
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Ren Z, He J, Zhao H, Ding S, Duan P, Jiao L. Water depth determines spatial and temporal phosphorus retention by controlling ecosystem transition and P-binding metal elements. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118550. [PMID: 35567845 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shallow lakes are more susceptible to eutrophication than deep lakes. The geochemical and biogeochemical mechanisms controlling the vulnerability to eutrophication for deep lakes and shallow lakes remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the combined Phosphorus (P) retention mechanism with P fractions, water depth, distribution of P-binding metal elements, and macrophytes coverage in a degrading ecosystem of Erhai Lake. We concluded that different mechanisms control the P retention in deep-water areas and shallow-water areas. In shallow areas covered by macrophytes, the biogeochemical process manipulates the P retention by changing the total organic carbon (TOC), calcium (Ca) distributions and turbulence. In deep areas without macrophyte coverage, the aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) distributions control the P retention by a physicochemical process. Manganese (Mn) was found to be a potential proxy in tracking the kinetic release and readsorb of redox-sensitive P (BD-P) in deep areas. The historical record and core sample indicate that the hydrological engineering induced water depth variation is a vital factor changing the ecosystem of Erhai Lake by forming a large area of intermediate area where macrophytes could only survive at low water level. The uplift of water level in the 1990s gradually changed the ecosystem of Erhai Lake from macrophyte-dominated to algal-macrophyte concomitant that reduced the accumulation of stable P fractions and their binding metals. Macrophytes were capable to preserve P in biomass in the macrophyte-dominated ecosystem, which released 150% and 72% of more labile organic P (NaOH25-nrP) and BD-P in the sediment after the deterioration than before, respectively. Therefore, water depth is a prerequisite to restoring the P preservation capacity of sediment and the macrophyte ecosystem. Further hydraulic engineering projects should consider the effect of water-level-variation-induced ecosystem transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beijing 100012, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Water Environment Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jia He
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Shuai Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beijing 100012, China; Environmental Standard Institute, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Pingzhou Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beijing 100012, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Water Environment Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lixin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beijing 100012, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Water Environment Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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11
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Rocha MDJD, Lima Neto IE. Internal phosphorus loading and its driving factors in the dry period of Brazilian semiarid reservoirs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114983. [PMID: 35390612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationships between physical, limnological and climatic drivers with the internal total phosphorus (TP) loading produced over the dry period in 30 water supply reservoirs of the Brazilian semiarid. Improvements in the understanding of sedimentary TP fluxes in reservoirs of dryland regions are pressing as they usually have serious water quality related issues, remaining mostly eutrophic especially under frequent drought events. Gross daily fluxes and net seasonal average release rates were calculated from mass balance and regression equations considering water and sediment TP concentrations, anoxic duration, water temperature and fish contribution. Additionally, the ratio of wind speed to reservoir volume was proposed as a new surrogate and then applied as explanatory variable to predictive models. The results indicated TP release rates higher than reported for non-semiarid lakes/reservoirs with average gross fluxes ranging from 17.64 to 35.99 mg m-2 day-1. This may be attributed to the enriched sediments (1029.49 ± 552.49 mg kg-1) allied with warmer water temperature, high trophic state, and prolonged anoxic periods (average duration of about 60 days). The average release rates were negatively correlated with water transparency and water depth, and positively correlated with Chl-a, wind speed and trophic state. The release rates increased across the trophic gradient (p < 0.05), about 10-fold higher under hypertrophic conditions than in oligotrophic ones. As anoxia is linked with eutrophication, phosphorus release is more likely in eutrophic ecosystems. Regarding the new surrogate, a strong predictive ability for TP release (R2: 0.26-0.93) was observed. Similarly, the proposed models presented a physically consistent behavior with a stabilizing releasing pattern suggesting the achievement of equilibrium in nutrient exchange between sediment-water interface. This research advanced by combining and proposing methods to assess and quantify sedimentary fluxes in data-scarce regions balancing accuracy and transferability, in order to be replicable to other dryland environments globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Jesus Delmiro Rocha
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, FC, Bl. 713, Center of Technology, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Iran Eduardo Lima Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, FC, Bl. 713, Center of Technology, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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12
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Deng P, Yi Q, Zhang J, Wang C, Chen Y, Zhang T, Shi W. Phosphorous partitioning in sediments by particle size distribution in shallow lakes: From its mechanisms and patterns to its ecological implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152753. [PMID: 34979228 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study revealed a general pattern of P partitioning onto sediment particles that has ecological implications for shallow lakes. Six individual sediment samples from two large shallow lakes in eastern China were sieved into five sediment particle size classes ranging from 0.5 μm to 50 μm. These particle size groupings were subjected to P fractionation and P adsorption isotherm analyses as well as bioavailable P bioassays. A P-adding experiment was used to validate the initial P partitioning onto the sediment particles. Multiple lines of evidence revealed that P partitioning onto the particles was dependent on the amounts of P adsorbents or P-containing compounds in the sediments, such as iron and aluminum oxides, organic matter, and calcium compounds. An exponential equation, c(x) = cmaxexp(-kdx), was proposed to describe the relationship between the partitioning of bioavailable P and particle size. In the equation, cmax represents the maximum P concentration adsorbed by the finest particles, and kd is a constant reflecting the decrease in the P concentration with particle size (x).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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13
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Burpee BT, Saros JE, Nanus L, Baron J, Brahney J, Christianson KR, Ganz T, Heard A, Hundey B, Koinig KA, Kopáček J, Moser K, Nydick K, Oleksy I, Sadro S, Sommaruga R, Vinebrooke R, Williams J. Identifying factors that affect mountain lake sensitivity to atmospheric nitrogen deposition across multiple scales. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117883. [PMID: 34864346 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increased nitrogen (N) deposition rates over the past century have affected both North American and European mountain lake ecosystems. Ecological sensitivity of mountain lakes to N deposition varies, however, because chemical and biological responses are modulated by local watershed and lake properties. We evaluated predictors of mountain lake sensitivity to atmospheric N deposition across North American and European mountain ranges and included as response variables dissolved inorganic N (DIN = NNH4+ + NNO3-) concentrations and phytoplankton biomass. Predictors of these responses were evaluated at three different spatial scales (hemispheric, regional, subregional) using regression tree, random forest, and generalized additive model (GAM) analysis. Analyses agreed that Northern Hemisphere mountain lake DIN was related to N deposition rates and smaller scale spatial variability (e.g., regional variability between North American and European lakes, and subregional variability between mountain ranges). Analyses suggested that DIN, N deposition, and subregional variability were important for Northern Hemisphere mountain lake phytoplankton biomass. Together, these findings highlight the need for finer-scale, subregional analyses (by mountain range) of lake sensitivity to N deposition. Subregional analyses revealed differences in predictor variables of lake sensitivity. In addition to N deposition rates, lake and watershed features such as land cover, bedrock geology, maximum lake depth (Zmax), and elevation were common modulators of lake DIN. Subregional phytoplankton biomass was consistently positively related with total phosphorus (TP) in Europe, while North American locations showed variable relationships with N or P. This study reveals scale-dependent watershed and lake characteristics modulate mountain lake ecological responses to atmospheric N deposition and provides important context to inform empirically based management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Burpee
- Climate Change Institute and School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- Climate Change Institute and School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Leora Nanus
- Department of Geography and Environment, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 80526, USA
| | - Jill Baron
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Janice Brahney
- Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Kyle R Christianson
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Taylor Ganz
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andi Heard
- Sierra Nevada Network, National Park Service, Three Rivers, CA, USA
| | - Beth Hundey
- Centre for Teaching and Learning, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karin A Koinig
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jiří Kopáček
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Katrina Moser
- Department of Geography, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Koren Nydick
- Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, Three Rivers, CA, USA; Rocky Mountain National Park, Estes Park, CO, USA
| | | | - Steven Sadro
- Environmental Science and Policy, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rolf Vinebrooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason Williams
- Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Lewiston Regional Office, Lewiston, ID, USA
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14
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Amirbahman A, Fitzgibbon KN, Norton SA, Bacon LC, Birkel SD. Controls on the epilimnetic phosphorus concentration in small temperate lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:89-101. [PMID: 34904604 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00353d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the key limiting nutrients for algal growth in most fresh surface waters. Understanding the determinants of P accumulation in the water column of lakes of interest, and the prediction of its concentration is important to water quality managers and other stakeholders. We hypothesized that lake physicochemical, climate, and watershed land-use attributes control lake P concentration. We collected relevant data from 126 lakes in Maine, USA, to determine the major drivers for summer total epilimnetic P concentrations. Predictive regression-based models featured lake external and internal drivers. The most important land-use driver was the extent of agriculture in the watershed. Lake average depth was the most important physical driver, with shallow lakes being most susceptible to high P concentrations; shallow lakes often stratify weakly and are most subject to internal mixing. The sediment NaOH-extracted aluminum (Al) to bicarbonate/dithionite-extracted P molar ratio was the most important sediment chemical driver; lakes with a high hypolimnetic P release have low ratios. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration was an important water column chemical driver; lakes having a high DOC concentration generally had higher epilimnetic P concentrations. Precipitation and temperature, two important climate/weather variables, were not significant drivers of epilimnetic P in the predictive models. Because lake depth and sediment quality are fixed in the short-term, the modeling framework serves as a quantitative lake management tool for stakeholders to assess the vulnerability of individual lakes to watershed development, particularly agriculture. The model also enables decisions for sustainable development in the watershed and lake remediation if sediment quality is conducive to internal P release. The findings of this study may be applied to bloom metrics more directly to support lake and watershed management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria Amirbahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA.
| | - Kaci N Fitzgibbon
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
| | - Stephen A Norton
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
| | - Linda C Bacon
- The Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine 04333, USA
| | - Sean D Birkel
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
- University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
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15
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Yang C, Li J, Yin H. Phosphorus internal loading and sediment diagenesis in a large eutrophic lake (Lake Chaohu, China). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118471. [PMID: 34774673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sediment phosphorus (P) release and retention are important in controlling whole-system P dynamics and budget in eutrophic lakes. Here we combine short- (seasonal) and long-term (years to decades) studies to quantify the internal P loading and P release potential in the sediments of Lake Chaohu and explore their controlling mechanisms. In the west region of the lake, short-term P diffusive fluxes ranged from 0.2 mg/m2·d-1 to 6.69 mg/m2·d-1 (averaged 2.76 mg/m2·d-1) and long-term net P release ranged from 2.25 mg/m2·d-1 to 8.94 mg/m2·d-1 (averaged 5.34 mg/m2·d-1); in the east region, short-term P diffusive fluxes varied from 0.73 mg/m2·d-1 to 1.76 mg/m2·d-1 (averaged 1.05 mg/m2·d-1) and long-term P release ranged from 0.13 mg/m2·d-1 to 4.15 mg/m2·d-1 (averaged 1.3 mg/m2·d-1). Both short- and long-term P releases were in the same order of magnitudes as the external P inputs (3.56 mg/m2·d-1). Comparison of the long-term and short-term sediment P release indicates that while the high summer P release in the east might only represent a snapshot value, the sediments in the west contribute to large P release for years or even decades, impeding water quality recovery under lake management. Mobilization of surface sediment legacy P accounted for 81% of short-term P release. The long-term release was dominated by remobilization of iron bond P (BD-P) (average 52.1%) at all sites, while Aluminium-bound P (NaOH-rP) exhibited partly reactive and potentially mobile, releasing P to the water column in most sites in the west. Our study demonstrates the importance of sediments as P sources in lake Chaohu. The combination of short- and long-term P release studies can help understand the roles of sediments in regulating the water quality and eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jiying Li
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
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16
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Bastami KD, Hamzepoor A, Raeisi H, Bagheri H, Baniamam M, Rahnama R. Biogenic silica, eutrophication risk and different forms of phosphorus in surface sediments of Anzali wetland, Caspian Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113138. [PMID: 34798429 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This investigation aimed to determine the contents of biogenic SiO2 and different phosphorus forms (P) and to evaluate phosphorus ecological risk in surface sediment of Anzali wetland. According to the results, biogenic SiO2 ranged from 0.29 to 3.04%. Also, the average biogenic SiO2 at all studied stations was 1.36 ± 0.83%. Results indicated that total P (TP) was between 493 and 771 ppm, averaged 637.20 ± 79.41 ppm. Moreover, inorganic P (INTP) ranged from 256.63 to 376.89 ppm and composed 51.46 ± 4.68% of total P. The percentage of P-forms was in descending order: residual-P > Fe-P > Ca-P > Al-P > labile-P. Phosphorus pollution index (PPI) ranged from 0.82 to 1.29, with an average of 1.06 in the sediment of the Anzali wetland. The Sediment P saturation (SPS) values varied considerably from 40.96 to 83.57, with an average SPS value of 49.1. Based on the eutrophication risk index, all stations except one had a low eutrophication risk index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Darvish Bastami
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran 1411813389, Iran
| | - Ali Hamzepoor
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran 1411813389, Iran
| | - Hadi Raeisi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavoos University, Gonbad Kavoos, Iran
| | - Hosein Bagheri
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran 1411813389, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Baniamam
- Agricultural Planning, Economic and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), No.5, Roudsar St., South Shahid Azodi (Aban Jonoubi) Ave., Karimkhan-e-Zand Blvd, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahnama
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran 1411813389, Iran
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17
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Kibuye FA, Zamyadi A, Wert EC. A critical review on operation and performance of source water control strategies for cyanobacterial blooms: Part II-mechanical and biological control methods. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 109:102119. [PMID: 34815024 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes current knowledge on mechanical (artificial mixing, hypolimnetic aeration, dredging, and sonication) and biological (biomanipulation, macrophytes, and straws) methods for the management of cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water sources. Emphasis has been given to (i) the mechanism of cyanobacterial control, (ii) successful and unsuccessful case studies, and (iii) factors influencing successful implementation. Most mechanical and biological control strategies offer long-term control. However, their application can be cost-prohibitive and treatment efficacy is influenced by source water geometry and continual nutrient inputs from external sources. When artificial mixing and hypolimnetic oxygenation units are optimized based on source water characteristics, observed water quality benefits included increased dissolved oxygen contents, reduced internal loading of nutrients, and lower concentrations of reduced ions . Treatment efficacy during oxygenation and aeration was derailed by excessive sedimentation of organic matter and sediment characteristics such as low Fe/P ratios. Dredging is beneficial for contaminated sediment removal, but it is too costly to be a practical bloom control strategy for most systems. Sonication control methods have contradictory findings requiring further research to evaluate the efficacy and applicability for field-scale control of cyanobacteria. Biological control methods such as biomanipulation offer long-term treatment benefits; however, investigations on the mechanisms of field-scale cyanobacterial control are still limited, particularly with the use of macrophytes and straws. Each control method has site-specific strengths, limitations, and ecological impacts. Reduction of external nutrient inputs should still be a significant focus of restoration efforts as treatment benefits from mechanical and biological control were commonly offset by continued nutrient inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith A Kibuye
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States.
| | - Arash Zamyadi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), 1G, Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia; Water Research Australia (WaterRA) Melbourne Based Position Hosted by Melbourne Water, 990 La Trobe St, Docklands VIC 3008, Australia
| | - Eric C Wert
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States.
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18
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Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132111809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stormwater ponds are a common way to handle stormwater and are used to retain pollutants through sedimentation. The ponds resemble small natural lakes and will be colonized by flora and fauna. How design with respect to age, ratio between wet volume and reduced catchment area and land use influences the retention and how biodiversity is affected was examined. Age and ratio were determined in 135 and 59 ponds, respectively, and 12 of these ponds were selected for studies of dry weight (DW), organic matter (OM), total phosphorus (TP) and aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the sediment. Invertebrate biodiversity was determined by Shannon–Wiener index (H’) and Pielou Evenness (J). DW, OM, TP and metals in the sediment close to the outlet of the ponds were influenced by pond age and the volume/area ratio whereas the sediment in the inlet area was more affected by the catchment type. Biodiversity increased with increasing ratio, while age had no effect on the sediment biodiversity but some effect on the water phase biodiversity. Biodiversity decreased with higher OM and TP and tend to decrease with increasing metal content. Higher volume/area ratio results in less sediment accumulation which improves the biodiversity. More pollutants are accumulating with age, which negatively affects the biodiversity. In conclusion, pond ratio, catchment type and, to some extent, age effect the load of contaminants in the sediment and the pond biodiversity. Proper design and management are recommended as a mitigating measure.
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19
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Deeds J, Amirbahman A, Norton SA, Suitor DG, Bacon LC. Predicting anoxia in low-nutrient temperate lakes. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02361. [PMID: 33884703 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Absence of dissolved oxygen (anoxia) in the hypolimnion of lakes can eliminate habitat for sensitive species and may induce the release of sediment-bound phosphorus. Lake anoxia generally results from decomposition of organic matter, which is exacerbated by high nutrient loads. Total phosphorus (TP) in lakes is regulated by static aspects of the lake's watershed, but lake TP can be readily increased by human activities. In some low-nutrient lakes, basin morphometry may induce naturally occurring anoxia. The occurrence of natural anoxia is especially important to consider in lake water quality assessments that compare observed conditions to expected reference conditions. To investigate the occurrence of natural vs. anthropogenically influenced anoxia, we constructed a logistic regression model to calculate the probability of low-nutrient lakes (TP < 15 µg/L) developing aerial anoxic extent ≥10% by testing the predictive potential of variables related to basin morphometry, depths of lake thermal strata, epilimnetic TP, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Maximum lake depth and the proportion of lake area under the top of the metalimnion were the most important variables to predict the likelihood of hypolimnetic anoxia, which correctly predicted anoxic condition in 84% of lakes (Model 1). Adding TP as a third variable to Model 1 produced a significantly improved model (Model 2) but the prediction success rate was comparable (86%). We also present a model for lakes with limited bathymetric data, which predicts anoxia with 81% accuracy based on maximum lake depth and mean thermocline depth at peak stratification. DOC was relatively low (4.3 ± 1.5 mg/L [mean ± SD]) in the study lakes and its inclusion did not improve model performance. In Model 1, lakes with an anoxic extent ≥10% of lake area had significantly higher epilimnetic TP than lakes with oxic hypolimnia, regardless of prediction category or success. Our results indicate that including TP as a variable helps refine models based on morphometry alone, but lake morphometry and stratification dynamics are the most important factors in the development of anoxic extent in low-nutrient temperate lakes. Our approach informs studies concerned with identifying key factors that influence regime shifts in a variety of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Deeds
- The Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine, 04333, USA
- The Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA
| | - Aria Amirbahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA
| | - Stephen A Norton
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA
| | - Douglas G Suitor
- The Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine, 04333, USA
| | - Linda C Bacon
- The Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine, 04333, USA
- The Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA
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20
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Zhihao W, Xia J, Shuhang W, Li Z, Lixin J, Junyi C, Qing C, Kun W, Cheng Y. Mobilization and geochemistry of nutrients in sediment evaluated by diffusive gradients in thin films: Significance for lake management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112770. [PMID: 34020304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of in-situ mobilization of both nitrogen (N) and phosphate (PO43-) in sediment is important for lake management strategy. In this paper, diffusion gradients in thin films (DGT) and DGT induced flux in sediments (DIFS) model are newly designed for in-situ measurement of iron (Fe), PO43-, nitrate (NO3-N) and ammonium (NH4-N), and nutrients' mobility in sediment in Lake Nanhu (China). According to DGT profiles together with physicochemical properties in sediment, (I) PO43- is released from (i) Fe-bound P plus loosely sorbed P in anoxic sediment and (ii) the loosely sorbed P in oxic sediment; (II) anoxic sediment inhibits nitrification and NO3-N release, but it favors denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), leading to NH4-N release; (III) Eh and organic matter are two key influence factors on mobility of PO43-, NO3-N and NH4-N. According to DIFS calculation, the dynamics of desorption and diffusion at two sites belong to (i) slow rate of resupply and (ii) fast resupply cases, respectively. Internal loadings are estimated to be 92.74 (PO43-), 268.1 (NH4-N) and -2466 kg a-1 (NO3-N), which reflects sediment mainly acts as a source for PO43- and NH4-N, and a sink for NO3-N in water. Based on sediment P release risk index (SPRRI), P release risks in lake sediments are estimated, ranging from light to relative high level. DGT and SPRRI aid choice of restoration methods for sediment, including sediment dredging, phytoremediation and in-situ inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhihao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wang Shuhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Zhao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiao Lixin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chen Junyi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Cai Qing
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wang Kun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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21
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Klamt A, Poulsen SP, Odgaard BV, Hübener T, McGowan S, Jensen HS, Reitzel K. Holocene lake phosphorus species and primary producers reflect catchment processes in a small, temperate lake. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna‐Marie Klamt
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- School of Tourism and Geography Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | | | | | - Thomas Hübener
- Institute of Biosciences University of Rostock Rostock Germany
| | - Suzanne McGowan
- School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom
| | | | - Kasper Reitzel
- Department of Biology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
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22
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Han X, Xiao J, Wang L, Tian S, Liang T, Liu Y. Identification of areas vulnerable to soil erosion and risk assessment of phosphorus transport in a typical watershed in the Loess Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143661. [PMID: 33248771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil erosion is an increasingly serious eco-environmental problem and an important driver of phosphorus loss, which not only reduces soil productivity but also decreases water availability. The integration of the universal soil loss equation (USLE) and the geographic information system (GIS) technique is globally popular for erosion prediction and assessment. The Fen River basin is located in the east of the Loess Plateau and has eco-environmental problems of soil erosion and eutrophication because of excess phosphorus content. This study attempted to use the USLE model to evaluate soil erosion and the transport of the resulting particulate phosphorus in the Fen River basin under a GIS framework. The results showed that soil erosion in 15.8% of the study area exceeded 8000 t/(km2·a) and was mainly distributed in the upper Fen River basin. Soil erosion was greatest in the bareland area, with an average of approximately 1.22 × 104 t/(km2·a), followed by that in grassland. Soil erosion in the study area is most sensitive to the rainfall erodibility (R), followed by the soil erodibility (K), topographic factors including slope steepness (S) and slope length (L), the soil and water conservation factor (P), and the vegetation cover and management factor (C). Similar to soil erosion, the high-risk areas of particulate phosphorus transport were mainly concentrated in the upper reaches of the basin. The study also pointed out that the combined use of available data sources with the USLE model and GIS technique is a viable option to calculate soil erosion and assess the risk of particulate phosphorus transport, which could provide a scientific basis for reducing soil erosion and controlling phosphorus migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Shuhan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
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23
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Wang YT, Zhang TQ, Zhao YC, Ciborowski JJH, Zhao YM, O'Halloran IP, Qi ZM, Tan CS. Characterization of sedimentary phosphorus in Lake Erie and on-site quantification of internal phosphorus loading. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116525. [PMID: 33091803 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lake Erie harmful algal blooms and hypoxia are two major environmental problems, and have severe impacts on human health, aquatic ecosystems, and the economy. However, little is known about internal loading of phosphorus (P) from sediments, which pose a challenge for assessing the efficacy of current conservation measures on the improvement of lake water quality. A modified Hedley's extraction procedure was employed to analyze representative sediment samples collected from the Lake Erie basin for assessing sedimentary P stock, potential availability for release into lake water, and internal P loading. Inorganic and organic P in the sediments were characterized by sequential extractions in H2O, 0.5 M NaHCO3, 0.1 M NaOH, and 1.0 M HCl, respectively. In the 0 - 10 cm sediment, total P stock was 172, 191, and 170 metric tons km-2 in the western, central, and eastern basins, respectively. Sedimentary P seems unlikely to contribute to internal P loading in the western basin, while in the eastern basin it can potentially contribute to an internal loading of 359 metric tons P yr-1. In the central basin, 41% of organic P, 15% of non-HCl extractable inorganic P, and 9.7% of residual P in the 0 - 10 cm sediment is potentially available for release into lake water; in the 10 - 20 cm sediment, organic P extracted by NaHCO3 and NaOH is also partially available. The central basin potentially contributes to internal P loading at a total amount of 10,599 metric tons yr-1. Internal P loading may not contribute to HABs in the western basin, but it can cause and maintain hypoxia in the central basin and delay the recovery of lake water quality for a lengthy time period in response to external P reduction measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Wang
- Harrow Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada
| | - T Q Zhang
- Harrow Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada.
| | - Y C Zhao
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J J H Ciborowski
- Department of Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Y M Zhao
- Aquatic Research and Monitoring Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, 320 Milo Rd, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada
| | - I P O'Halloran
- School of Environmental Sciences, Ridgetown Campus, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Z M Qi
- McGill University, Department of Bioresource Engineering, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9 × 3V9, Canada
| | - C S Tan
- Harrow Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada
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24
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Lin Q, Fan M, Peng X, Ma J, Zhang Y, Yu F, Wu Z, Liu B. Response of Vallisneria natans to aluminum phytotoxicity and their synergistic effect on nitrogen, phosphorus change in sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123167. [PMID: 32569987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing aluminum (Al) use and its effects on aquatic systems have been a global issue, however the Al impacts on submerged plants and their ecological functions were poorly understood. Aquatic simulation experiments were performed to study Al-toxicity on the germination and seedling morphological and physiological characteristics of Vallisneria natans, and investigate their synergistic effect on nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) change and microbial community in sediment. The seeds germination characteristics, growth and physiological parameters of seedlings, including root activity, were significantly affected by alum treatments and the inhibition levels increased with Al3+ concentration. The Al accumulation in roots and leaves were significantly different. Al3+ concentration above 0.3 mg/L showed toxic to V. natans. TN, TP, IP, Fe/Al-P contents in sediments varied markedly under co-existence of Al and V. natans. Additionally, the relative abundance of sediment microbial community related to N, P cycle was effected. Results concluded that the increasing aquatic Al-concentration inhibits growth and propagation of submerged plants and the ecological restoration effect, and exerts synergistic effect with submerged plants on N, P components in sediments. Such findings were helpful for Al ecological evaluation, and were instructive for the submerged plants restoration in shallow eutrophic lakes with Al input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mingjun Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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25
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Abdala DB, Gatiboni LC, Schmitt DE, Mumbach GL, Dall'Orsoletta DJ, Bonfada EB, Veiga M. Phosphorus speciation and iron mineralogy in an oxisol after 11 years of pig slurry application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140487. [PMID: 32653703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Application of phosphate fertilizers beyond plants needs favors phosphorus (P) accumulation in soils, which may alter its reactivity and chemical speciation. The objective of this study was to assess the changes in P speciation in a Brazilian oxisol that received consecutive applications of varying rates of pig slurry (PS) over 11 years. The soils were treated with PS at rates of 50, 100 and 200 m3 ha-1 year-1, whereas a control plot received P and potassium (K) to replenish the amounts removed by harvest. The soils were sampled and characterized for its P sorption capacity (PSC) as determined by Langmuir sorption isotherms, P partitioning by sequential chemical fractionation (SCF), P chemical speciation via P K-edge XANES and iron (Fe) mineralogy via Fe K-edge EXAFS spectroscopies. Increases in applied PS rates were accompanied by increases in PSC at the 0 to 2.5 and 0 to 10 cm soil layers. P accumulation was observed to be restricted up to the depth of 20 cm, regardless of the PS rate applied. The P K-edge XANES analysis indicated that P accumulation in the topmost soil layers, occurred predominantly associated with Fe-(hydr)oxide minerals. In this soil layer (0 to 2.5 cm), the organic P pool was of particular importance likely due to no-tillage. A dramatic change in Fe mineralogy in the topmost soil layer was observed across the studied soils, with the predominance of hematite in the reference soil and in the control plot, whereas the occurrence of goethite and ferrihydrite was followed by the application of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Abdala
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L C Gatiboni
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - D E Schmitt
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - G L Mumbach
- Department of Soil and Natural Resources, University of Santa Catarina State, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - D J Dall'Orsoletta
- Department of Soil Science and Natural Resources, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - E B Bonfada
- MT Fundation - Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - M Veiga
- Western University of Santa Catarina, Campos Novos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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26
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Loh PS, Huang XR, Ying CY, Hu J, Lou ZH, Chen XG, He S, Jiang ZP, Jin AM. Sources, distribution and bioavailability of sedimentary phosphorus species in coastal areas off Changjiang Estuary. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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27
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Norgbey E, Li Y, Ya Z, Li R, Nwankwegu AS, Takyi-Annan GE, Luo F, Jin W, Huang Y, Sarpong L. High resolution evidence of iron-phosphorus-sulfur mobility at hypoxic sediment water interface: An insight to phosphorus remobilization using DGT-induced fluxes in sediments model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138204. [PMID: 32408451 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The deterioration of reservoirs in southern China due to the kinetics of Iron (Fe), Phosphorus (P) and sulphide (S) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) is a major problem that needs urgent attention. Studies on the biogeochemistry of Fe, P, and S using high-resolution profile techniques in reservoirs in this region are limited. The diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique, high-resolution dialysis, DGT-computer imaging densitometry (CID), DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) and planar optode (PO) device were used to describe the dynamics Fe-P-S in SWI during hypoxia. The results showed the release of Fe-P-S in SWI was due to sulfate reduction and iron reduction influenced greatly by hypoxia. Positive apparent fluxes were recorded indicating that the sediments release Fe-P-S to the overlying water. High positive correlations (r2 > 0.7) for DGT-labile Fe and DGT-labile P in sediments revealed that iron-bound P controlled the release of P at SWI during reductive dissolution. The low correlation between DGT-labile Fe and DGT-labile S (r2 < 0.4) disclosed the combative nature between sulfate reduction and iron reduction process. The low correlation occurred because of the co-precipitation between Fe and S, forming black materials such as monosulfide (FeS) and pyrite (FeS2) in a hypoxic environment. The DIFS model showed the resupply ability (R-values) of P in sediments belonged to the partially sustained case with a steady state case of resupply at TB3 (Tc = 1088s, Kd = 1005.61 cm3/g R = 0.72, K-1 = 0.19 day-1) and TB4 (Tc = 712 s, Kd = 712.53 cm3/g, R = 0.78, K-1 = 0.46 day-1). The resupply rate belonged to the non-steady state case at TB1 (Tc = 10,990 s, Kd = 396.3 cm3/g, R = 0.35, K-1 = 0.07 day-1) and TB2 (Tc = 6097 s, Kd = 578.5 cm3/g, R = 0.45, K-1 = 0.10 day-1). The DGT-CID-PO-DIFS provided a deep insight on the mechanism of Fe-P-S and remobilization of P at SWI leading to Blackwater events and eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyram Norgbey
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Zhu Ya
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ronghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Amechi S Nwankwegu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Georgina Esi Takyi-Annan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Linda Sarpong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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28
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Vink JPM, Comans RNJ, Dijkstra JJ, Lamers LPM. Soils in lakes: the impact of inundation and storage on surface water quality. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:339. [PMID: 32383025 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale storage and inundation of contaminated soils and sediments in deep waterlogged former sand pits or in lakes have become a fairly common practice in recent years. Decreasing water depth potentially promotes aquatic biodiversity, but it also poses a risk to water quality as was shown in a previous study on the impact on groundwater. To provide in the urgent need for practical and robust risk indicators for the storage of terrestrial soils in surface waters, the redistribution of metals and nutrients was studied in long-term mesocosm experiments. For a range of surface water turbidity (suspended matter concentrations ranging from 0 to 3000 mg/L), both chemical partitioning and toxicity of pollutants were tested for five distinctly different soils. Increasing turbidity in surface water showed only marginal response on concentrations of heavy metals, phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). Toxicity testing with bioluminescent bacteria, and biotic ligand modelling (BLM), indicated no or only minor risk of metals in the aerobic surface water during aerobic mixing under turbid conditions. Subsequent sedimentation of the suspended matter revealed the chemical speciation and transport of heavy metals and nutrients over the aerobic and anaerobic interface. Although negative fluxes occur for Cd and Cu, most soils show release of pollutants from sediment to surface waters. Large differences in fluxes occur for PO4, SO4, B, Cr, Fe, Li, Mn and Mo between soils. For an indicator of aerobic chemical availability, dilute nitric acid extraction (0.43 M HNO3; Aqua nitrosa) performed better than the conventional Aqua regia destruction. Both the equilibrium concentrations in surface waters, and fluxes from sediment, were adequately (r2 = 0.81) estimated by a 1 mM CaCl2 soil extraction procedure. This study has shown that the combination of 0.43 M HNO3 and 1 mM CaCl2 extraction procedures can be used to adequately estimate emissions from sediment to surface waters, and assess potential water quality changes, when former sand pits are being filled with soil materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos P M Vink
- Deltares, Unit Soil and Subsurface Systems, PO Box 85467, 3508 AL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rob N J Comans
- Department Soil Chemistry and Chemical Soil Quality, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J Dijkstra
- TNO Geological Survey of the Netherlands, PO Box 80015, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon P M Lamers
- Department Aquatic Ecology & Environmental Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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29
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Messina NJ, Couture RM, Norton SA, Birkel SD, Amirbahman A. Modeling response of water quality parameters to land-use and climate change in a temperate, mesotrophic lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136549. [PMID: 31954242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lake Auburn, Maine, USA, is a historically unproductive lake that has experienced multiple algal blooms since 2011. The lake is the water supply source for a population of ~60,000. We modeled past temperature, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) and phosphorus (P) in Lake Auburn by considering the catchment and internal contributions of P as well as atmospheric factors, and predicted the change in lake water quality in response to future climate and land-use changes. A stream hydrology and P-loading model (SimplyP) was used to generate input from two major tributaries into a lake model (MyLake-Sediment) to simulate physical mixing, chemical dynamics, and sediment geochemistry in Lake Auburn from 2013 to 2017. Simulations of future lake water quality were conducted using meteorological boundary conditions derived from recent historical data and climate model projections for high greenhouse-gas emission cases. The effects of future land development on lake water quality for the 2046 to 2055 time period under different land-use and climate change scenarios were also simulated. Our results indicate that lake P enrichment is more responsive to extreme storm events than increasing air temperatures, mean precipitation, or windstorms; loss of fish habitat is driven by windstorms, and to a lesser extent an increasing water temperature; and catchment development further leads to water quality decline. All simulations also show that the lake is susceptible to both internal and external P loadings. Simulation of temperature, DO, and P proved to be an effective means for predicting the loss of water quality under changing land-use and climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Messina
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Raoul-Marie Couture
- Department of Chemistry and Takuvik Joint International Laboratory UL/CNRS, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Stephen A Norton
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Sean D Birkel
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Aria Amirbahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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30
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Zhang S, Yi Q, Buyang S, Cui H, Zhang S. Enrichment of bioavailable phosphorus in fine particles when sediment resuspension hinders the ecological restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:135672. [PMID: 31785921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sediment resuspension is one of the main factors impacting the ecological restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes, but the mechanisms connecting suspended particles and algal growth have not been clarified. Our research presents an innovative approach based on P reallocation among particles with various sizes, considering the changes in redox and pH conditions from the sediments to the overlying water during resuspension. A lab-scale experiment was conducted to simulate P reallocation in particles during sediment resuspension by periodically dosing the system with P and/or organic carbon. The sediments were sampled and sieved into five particle size groups, namely, 50-150 μm, 30-50 μm, 10-30 μm, 5-10 μm and <5 μm, and their P fractions during the operation were analyzed. The bioavailable P associated with aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) (hydr)oxides showed exponential enrichment as the median grain size of particles decreased, with 54% of the added P adsorbed by fine particles of <10 μm (5-10 μm and <5 μm). Furthermore, a bioassay of algae growth potential (Microcystis aeruginosa sp.), along with P adsorption isotherms, was conducted to test the ability of the different size-resolved particles to supply P for algae growth. The fine particles of <10 μm supplied more P to algae under elevated pH values than did the coarse particles (>10 μm). The restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes faces great challenges due to the connection mechanisms between sediments and algae, as revealed by this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 100038 Beijing, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
| | - Shijiao Buyang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Hongbiao Cui
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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Loh PS, Ying CY, Alnoor HIM, Huang XR, Lou ZH, Chen XG, He S, Jiang ZP, Jin AM. Comparative Study on the Elucidation of Sedimentary Phosphorus Species Using Two Methods, the SMT and SEDEX Methods. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8548126. [PMID: 32399312 PMCID: PMC7204186 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8548126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sedimentary phosphorus (P) forms are important representatives of P sources and their bioavailability as well as the potential of sediments to release P in water. In this study, surface sediments along a transect of the Changjiang Estuary and two transects along the Andong salt marsh in the southwest of Hangzhou Bay were subjected to the elucidation of sedimentary P species using the standards, measurements, and testing (SMT) and sequential extraction (SEDEX) methods. The results showed that the mean sedimentary P forms elucidated by the SMT method were as follows: organic P (OP; ∼11-14 mg/kg; ∼30-45% of total P; TP) > apatite P (∼5-15 mg/kg; ∼21-36% TP) > Fe/Al-P (∼8-14 mg/kg; ∼31-34% TP), with inorganic P (IP) composing 54-70% of TP. The mean sedimentary P forms elucidated by the SEDEX method were as follows: authigenic P (∼54-68 mg/kg; ∼41-46% TP) > extractable P (Ex-P; ∼36-53 mg/kg; ∼28-34%) > Fe-P (∼21-27 mg/kg; ∼13-19%) > OP (∼8.7-13 mg/kg; ∼5-8%) > detrital P (De-P; ∼2 mg/kg; ∼1-2% TP), with IP composed of ∼91-94% TP. These results showed that the SEDEX method elucidated higher concentrations of sedimentary P forms as well as the TP from these coastal sediments although the SMT method had the advantage of being more economic and faster. The results of both the SMT and SEDEX methods showed that the Andong salt marsh and Changjiang Estuary sediments had much bioavailable P. The mean percentages of bioavailable P from the SMT and SEDEX methods were ∼64-74% and 52-56% of TP, respectively, indicating that these sediments were prone to release P to the coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Sun Loh
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Chen-Yu Ying
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | | | - Xing-Rui Huang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Zhang-Hua Lou
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Xue-Gang Chen
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Shuangyan He
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Zong-Pei Jiang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Ai-Min Jin
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
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Wang C, Fang F, Yuan Z, Zhang R, Zhang W, Guo J. Spatial variations of soil phosphorus forms and the risks of phosphorus release in the water-level fluctuation zone in a tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134124. [PMID: 31520945 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) in the water-level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) generally poses a great threat to the ecology of dam-formed reservoirs worldwide. Our study explored the spatial variations of soil P forms and the risks of P release in the WLFZ in a tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Soil samples from multiple altitudes (145, 155 and 165 m) in the WLFZ, upland soils (175 m) as well as reservoir sediment samples were collected along seven transects in a tributary of the TGR (Pengxi River) in August 2016. Hedley's fractionation method was used to characterize the P forms, and the physical and chemical properties of the samples were determined. The distributions of the total P (TP) across the transects decreased in the order of sediments (675.9 ± 124.8 mg/kg), upland soil (658.9 ± 191.1 mg/kg), and WLFZ soil (613.9 ± 100.7 mg/kg). Similar distributions of the bioavailable P (Bio-P) were observed. Longitudinally, the TP and Bio-P of the WLFZ soil gradually decreased from the estuary to the upstream of the tributary. The spatial variations of P in the WLFZ soil in the tributary of the TGR was influenced by the soil particle size distribution (PSD) that, in turn, was a result of joint effects of the anti-seasonal hydrological regime, rainfall erosion and mainstream backwater. Long-term flooding increased P release from soil and decreased the soil degree of P saturation (DPS) throughout the WLFZ, especially in the lower portion of the WLFZ. According to Water-P, molar Al:Fe ratio and DPS, the current risk of soil P release throughout the WLFZ are very low. Monitoring should be prioritized at an altitude of 165 m and in the estuary of the WLFZ considering the high DPS and/or low Al:Fe ratio in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's EcoEnvironments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's EcoEnvironments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Ziyue Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's EcoEnvironments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's EcoEnvironments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Tourism and Land Resource, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's EcoEnvironments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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Zhao G, Sheng Y, Li C, Liu Q. Effects of macro metals on alkaline phosphatase activity under conditions of sulfide accumulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134151. [PMID: 31491633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is commonly found in aquatic ecosystems as an extracellular enzyme closely related to the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus. Although the AP activity (APA) is conventionally thought to be a main response to PO43- starvation, significant effects of macro metal elements (Al, Fe, and Ca) and S on the APA were found in this study. The APA was reduced by Al primarily through the adsorption of the enzyme onto AlOOH colloids. Fe2+ inhibited the APA via a mechanism involving free radical oxidation. The main mechanism by which Ca2+ inhibited the APA was by competing with Mg2+ and Zn2+ for the active sites of the enzyme. Excessive S2- could reduce the APA by removing Zn2+ from the active sites of the enzyme. The inhibition of APA could be reversed if some metal ions (e.g., Fe2+) were precipitated by S2- under reducing conditions. Therefore, in anaerobic ecosystems, the effects of macro metals on APA under conditions of sulfide accumulation may have innovative implications for phosphorus management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhao
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanqing Sheng
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.
| | - Changyu Li
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qunqun Liu
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wu Z, Wang S, Ji N. Phosphorus (P) release risk in lake sediment evaluated by DIFS model and sediment properties: A new sediment P release risk index (SPRRI). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113279. [PMID: 31563787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new sediment P release risk index (SPRRI) for "in-situ" phosphorus (P) release risk in lake sediment, is developed based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, DGT induced flux in sediments (DIFS) model and sediment properties. SPRRI includes three sub-indexes, which contain (1) the labile P pool size, (2) resupply constant (r) and desorption rate (Dspt rate) for P transfer and (3) the molar ratio between iron (Fe) in sequential extraction for sediment P by bicarbonate-dithionite (BD) and aluminum (Al) by NaOH (at 25 °C), i.e. BD(Fe)/Al[NaOH25] in sediment solid. The first sub-index considers P release from (i) sediment with NH4Cl-P+BD-P pool, i.e. the loosely sorbed P (NH4Cl-P) plus iron associated P (BD-P), or (ii) sediment with NH4Cl-P pool, respectively. The second and third sub-indexes reflect kinetic P desorption and resupply ability of solid phase, and the effect of P sequestration by Al hydroxide on P release, in turn. The inner relationship between SPRRI and sub-indexes, and their effects on P release risk are elucidated. SPRRI can be used to evaluate sediment P reactivity by five release risk ranks. For Lake Dianchi (China), P transfer dynamics, labile P pool, resupply ability and Al-P in sediment, and "external P-loading" control and affect P release risk in different regions, which is reflected by the spatial distribution map for SPRRI. The present SPRRI can be applied for lakes with (1) pH range varying from moderate acidity to weak alkalinity in waterbody and (2) NH4Cl-P or NH4Cl-P+BD-P pool in sediment solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650034, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650034, China.
| | - Ningning Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Li X, Huang L, Fang H, He G, Reible D, Wang C. Immobilization of phosphorus in sediments by nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) from the view of mineral composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133695. [PMID: 31400671 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of phosphorus (P) in sediments is essential for controlling eutrophication in natural waters. As sediment is a complex assemblages of minerals, it is necessary to explore the intrinsic mechanisms of immobilization from the view of mineral composition. In this study, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is used as an example to immobilize P in sediment from Tai Lake and minerals of quartz, hematite, potassium feldspar, illite, montmorillonite, calcite, and kaolin (i.e. the main components of natural sediment), to consider the role of mineral composition on P immobilization). Results show that the immobilization efficiency increases gradually with the increasing amount of adopted nZVI, until a maximum value of about 60% - 80% when 0.03-0.05 g/g of nZVI is added. Particularly, the maximum P immobilization efficiency is the highest for hematite (about 86%) due to the chemical reaction between hematite and P that inhibiting P release, followed by quartz, illite, montmorillonite, and kaolin (about 64% - 72%) which only physically adsorb P. However, the maximum P immobilization efficiency of nZVI is only 31% and 17% for potassium feldspar and calcite, respectively, due to their relatively high pH values that reducing the formation of iron (Fe)-P precipitation and inhibiting P immobilization. Thus, the P immobilization is mainly due to the reaction between nZVI/mineral and P to form FeP precipitates, followed by physical adsorption; and the particle size, elemental composition (e.g. the calcium (Ca) in calcite and Fe in hematite) and pH value also affect the P immobilization efficiency. Moreover, based on the P immobilization efficiencies for various minerals, P immobilization in sediments can be reasonably predicted from the mineral composition through methods such as component additivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hongwei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Guojian He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Danny Reible
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1023, USA
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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36
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Motew M, Chen X, Carpenter SR, Booth EG, Seifert J, Qiu J, Loheide SP, Turner MG, Zipper SC, Kucharik CJ. Comparing the effects of climate and land use on surface water quality using future watershed scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133484. [PMID: 31374507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication of freshwaters occurs in watersheds with excessive pollution of phosphorus (P). Factors that affect P cycling and transport, including climate and land use, are changing rapidly and can have legacy effects, making future freshwater quality uncertain. Focusing on the Yahara Watershed (YW) of southern Wisconsin, USA, an intensive agricultural landscape, we explored the relative influence of land use and climate on three indicators of water quality over a span of 57 years (2014-2070). The indicators included watershed-averaged P yield from the land surface, direct drainage P loads to a lake, and average summertime lake P concentration. Using biophysical model simulations of future watershed scenarios, we found that climate exerted a stronger influence than land use on all three indicators, yet land use had an important role in influencing long term outcomes for each. Variations in P yield due to land use exceeded those due to climate in 36 of 57 years, whereas variations in load and lake total P concentration due to climate exceeded those due to land use in 54 of 57 years, and 52 of 57 years, respectively. The effect of land use was thus strongest for P yield off the landscape and attenuated in the stream and lake aquatic systems where the influence of weather variability was greater. Overall these findings underscore the dominant role of climate in driving inter-annual nutrient fluxes within the hydrologic network and suggest a challenge for land use to influence water quality within streams and lakes over timescales less than a decade. Over longer timescales, reducing applications of P throughout the watershed was an effective management strategy under all four climates investigated, even during decades with wetter conditions and more frequent extreme precipitation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Motew
- Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; USDA-ARS, US Dairy Forage Research Center, 1925 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | | | - Eric G Booth
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jenny Seifert
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA
| | - Jiangxiao Qiu
- School of Forest Resources & Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Steven P Loheide
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Monica G Turner
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samuel C Zipper
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Christopher J Kucharik
- Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Lin Q, Peng X, Liu B, Min F, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Ma J, Wu Z. Aluminum distribution heterogeneity and relationship with nitrogen, phosphorus and humic acid content in the eutrophic lake sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:516-524. [PMID: 31330344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing amount of aluminum (Al) gets into aquatic ecosystem through anthropogenic activity, but the knowledge about Al migration and relationships with sediments possessing different physico-chemical properties in eutrophic lakes is limited. Here, the Al migration rule and relationships with sediment nutritions in the Hangzhou West Lake, China was investigated, where a certain amount of residual Al-salts can enter because of the pre-treatment of the Qiantang River diversion project every day. Results revealed the obvious spatial distribution heterogeneity of Al in sediment vertical direction and horizontal direction following water flow. The Al content in sediment ranged 0.463-1.154 g kg-1 in Maojiabu Lake, and ranged 9.862-40.442 g kg-1 in Xiaonanhu Lake. Higher Al content distributed in upper layer sediment in lake with more disturbance. Total nitrogen (TN) contents were higher 0.917-3.387 mg g-1 and 0.627-0.786 mg g-1 in upper layer sediment than that in lower layer in Maojiabu Lake and Xiaonanhu Lake, respectively. Total phosphorus (TP) content ranged 0.779-2.580 mg g-1, in which IP and Fe/Al-P contributed 24.9-80.8% and 17.0-51.6%, respectively. Correlations between Al content with nutrition, humic acid (HA) etc. of sediment regionally varied in Maojiabu and Xiaonanhu Lake. Spatial distribution of Al-salt in eutrophic lakes closely related with the physico-chemical characteristics of nutrients, humus, human disturbance and water division parameters. Results provides new insight into Al-salts migration and references for Al-risk evaluating in eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Fenli Min
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Markovic S, Liang A, Watson SB, Depew D, Zastepa A, Surana P, Byllaardt JV, Arhonditsis G, Dittrich M. Reduction of industrial iron pollution promotes phosphorus internal loading in eutrophic Hamilton Harbour, Lake Ontario, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:697-705. [PMID: 31185359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diagenetic sediment phosphorus (P) recycling is a widespread phenomenon, which causes degradation of water quality and promotes harmful algal blooms in lakes worldwide. Strong P coupling with iron (Fe) in some lakes is thought to inhibit diagenetic P efflux, despite elevated P concentrations in the sediment. In these sediments, the high Fe content leads to P scavenging on ferric Fe near the sediment surface, which increases the overall P retention. Reduced external Fe inputs in such lakes due to industrial pollution control may lead to unintended consequences for sediment P retention. Here, we study sediment geochemistry and sediment-water interactions in the historically polluted Hamilton Harbour (Lake Ontario, Canada) which has undergone 30 years of restoration efforts. We investigate processes controlling diagenetic P recycling, which has previously been considered minor due to historically high Fe loading. Our results demonstrate that present sediment P release is substantial, despite sediment Fe content reaching 6.5% (dry weight). We conclude that the recent improvement of wastewater treatment and industrial waste management practices has reduced Fe pollution, causing a decrease in diagenetically reactive Fe phases, resulting in the reduction of the ratio of redox-sensitive P and Fe, and the suppression of P scavenging on Fe oxyhydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Markovic
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Anqi Liang
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sue B Watson
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David Depew
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Arthur Zastepa
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Preksha Surana
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Julie Vanden Byllaardt
- Hamilton Harbour Remedial Action Plan, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - George Arhonditsis
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Maria Dittrich
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
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An SU, Mok JS, Kim SH, Choi JH, Hyun JH. A large artificial dyke greatly alters partitioning of sulfate and iron reduction and resultant phosphorus dynamics in sediments of the Yeongsan River estuary, Yellow Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:752-761. [PMID: 30790748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated sediment geochemistry, partitioning of organic carbon (Corg) oxidation by iron reduction (FeR) and sulfate reduction (SR), and benthic phosphorus (P) release, together with the P speciation in the sediments to elucidate the P dynamics in two contrasting sediments (i.e., estuarine vs. limnetic) separated by a large dyke in the Yeongsan River estuary of the Yellow Sea. In the sediments of the Yeongsan River estuary (St. YE), SR dominated the Corg oxidation pathway, accounting for 81.7% of total anaerobic Corg oxidation. Under the SR-dominated condition, H2S derived from SR reacts quickly with iron oxides to form iron sulfides, which ultimately release the P bound to Fe(III) into the pore water. The enhanced benthic P flux (0.24 mmol m-2 d-1) at the YE site accounted for 80% of the P required for primary production in the water column. In contrast, in the limnetic sediments of the Yeongsan Lake (St. YL), where high levels of CH4 accumulated, most P was bound to Fe and Al, which resulted in a low benthic P flux (0.03 mmol m-2 d-1). The results suggest that the frequent discharge of relatively P-depleted freshwater into the estuary via the artificial dyke may result in relatively P-limiting conditions in estuarine ecosystems. As a result, benthic P release from the SR-dominated estuarine sediment is a significant internal source of P in the coastal ecosystem. Our results indicate that the construction of a large dyke at a river mouth greatly alters Corg oxidation pathways and P dynamics in coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Uk An
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Mok
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea; Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro, Yengdo-gu, Busan Metropolitan City 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Research and Development Institute, GeoSystem Research Corporation, Gunpo 15807, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Hyun
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
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McDonald GJ, Norton SA, Fernandez IJ, Hoppe KM, Dennis J, Amirbahman A. Chemical controls on dissolved phosphorus mobilization in a calcareous agricultural stream during base flow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:876-885. [PMID: 30743973 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the sources and mechanisms of dissolved phosphorus (P) mobilization under base flow conditions in a headwater stream. We characterized the relevant chemical species and processes within the watershed to investigate connections between stream sediment, surface water, and groundwater with respect to P dynamics. Waters were monitored monthly during the 2017 snow-free period for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, soluble reactive P (SRP), total P, strong acid anions, strong base cations, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), Al, Fe, and Mn. Phosphorus speciation within sediment samples was determined by sequential chemical extractions. The emerging groundwater was under-saturated by up to 40% with respect to O2, with pH = 7.24, T = 7.0 °C, and SRP = 3.0 μg L-1. Groundwater PCO2 was up to ~35× the ambient PCO2 (410 ppm). Degassing of CO2 from the emerging groundwater resulted in a significant increase in pH downstream, and an increase in the SRP concentration from 3.0 to a maximum of 40.6 μg L-1. Laboratory experiments, using homogenized stream sediment, identified a reduction in the P adsorption capacity, and an increase in desorption of native P with increasing pH from ~7.25 (emerging groundwater) to ~8.50 (air-equilibrated surface water). These data allow us to identify the pH-dependent desorption from P-laden sediment as the most significant source of dissolved P in the headwater stream under base flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J McDonald
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America
| | - Stephen A Norton
- School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America
| | - Ivan J Fernandez
- School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America
| | - Kathy M Hoppe
- Maine Department of Environmental Protection, 1235 Central Drive, Presque Isle, ME 04769, United States of America
| | - Jeff Dennis
- Maine Department of Environmental Protection, 17 State House Station, Augusta, ME 04333, United States of America
| | - Aria Amirbahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America.
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Xie F, Li L, Song K, Li G, Wu F, Giesy JP. Characterization of phosphorus forms in a Eutrophic Lake, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:1437-1447. [PMID: 31096354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, molecular compositions of cyanobacteria, suspended matter, and surface sediments in the Dianchi Lake, a highly eutrophic lake, were investigated by solution and solid-state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A solution-state 31P NMR spectral analysis of NaOH-EDTA-extracted samples revealed the presence of orthophosphate (ortho-P, 48.5%-91.2% of the total extracted phosphate), orthophosphate monoester (mono-P, 7.3%-43.9%), orthophosphate diester (diester-P, 0.9%-3.9%), and pyrophosphate (pyro-P, 0.7%-5.5%). The organic phosphorus (Po) distribution in suspended matters and cyanobacteria was relatively similar but different from surface sediments. The inorganic phosphorus (Pi) distribution in suspended matters and surface sediments was slightly similar. Results of the solid-state 31P NMR spectral analysis of non-extractable residue showed that cyanobacteria and suspended matter contain a large proportion of Po and poly-P. For surface sediment, only metal-bonded pyro-P and a high proportion of ortho-P were detected. The solid-state 31P NMR spectra results of extracted residual indicated that several of the pyro-P bound to metals and other Pi or Po compounds associated with mineral phases in suspended matter and surface sediment are non-extractable. This result revealed that a high proportion of biogenic phosphorus is bioavailable. These results verify the process of biogenic poly-P regeneration in the Dianchi Lake given that Po, poly-P, and pyro-P are predominant in cyanobacteria and can be released into lake water through chemical and biological degradation, thus further worsening eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazhi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Guolian Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - John P Giesy
- University of Saskatchewan, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Centre, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
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Krasa J, Dostal T, Jachymova B, Bauer M, Devaty J. Soil erosion as a source of sediment and phosphorus in rivers and reservoirs - Watershed analyses using WaTEM/SEDEM. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:470-483. [PMID: 30739021 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spatially distributed modelling of sediment and phosphorus fluxes on a scale of thousands of square kilometers always involves a compromise between the quality of the data input and the complexity of the model that can be applied. WaTEM/SEDEM offers an approach that allows us to target on spatially focused outputs that can easily be implemented in the decision-making process for effective watershed control. The results for a study area covering the watersheds of 58 large reservoirs threatened by eutrophication within the Czech Republic are presented here as an example of the available analyses. The total area of the watersheds is 27,472 km2. After building a complex river topology scheme and estimating the trap efficiencies in all reservoirs within the river networks, we are able to estimate the total transport efficiency of each river unit for any outlet point (terminal reservoir). The sources of the greatest amounts of sediment (phosphorus) can be identified on the scale of single parcels. According the model, the total soil loss in the study area is 7487 Gg year-1 (2.73 Mg ha-1 year-1). The total sediment entry into the river systems in the target area is 1705 Gg year-1 (15.2% of the total soil loss). The total deposition in the 9890 water reservoirs of various sizes in the target area is 1139 Gg year-1. This means that the deposition in the landscape is 5.1× higher than the deposition in the reservoirs within the study area. The mean annual sediment transport by all watershed outlets is 566 Gg year-1. The cost of dredging the sediment would be about 12.8 million EUR year-1. There is great spatial variability in the deposition and transport processes, but it is imperative to provide strengthened soil protection directly on-site, especially in watersheds where the sediment delivery ratio is much higher than the average value. Phosphorus transported by water erosion is an important element in the balances of phosphorus sources in basins. Sewage waters usually play the predominant role in triggering the eutrophication effect, but there are also reservoirs where erosion-based phosphorus plays a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Krasa
- Department of Landscape Water Conservation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thakurova 7, Prague 16629, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Dostal
- Department of Landscape Water Conservation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thakurova 7, Prague 16629, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Jachymova
- Department of Landscape Water Conservation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thakurova 7, Prague 16629, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Bauer
- Department of Landscape Water Conservation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thakurova 7, Prague 16629, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Devaty
- Department of Landscape Water Conservation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thakurova 7, Prague 16629, Czech Republic
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Wang J, Chen J, Chen Q, Yang H, Zeng Y, Yu P, Jin Z. Assessment on the effects of aluminum-modified clay in inactivating internal phosphorus in deep eutrophic reservoirs. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:657-667. [PMID: 30347360 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum-salt inactivating agents are extensively applied to the restoration of lakes polluted by internal phosphorus (hereinafter referred to as "P"). However, there is a lack of micromechanism information regarding the sediment P cycle and its interactions with aluminum salts, which has restricted the engineering applications of aluminum salts. In this study, a sediment core incubation system was used to simulate the influence of aerobic and anaerobic conditions on the effectiveness and stability of aluminum-modified clay (AMC). This study also investigated the millimeter-scale dynamics of P across the sediment-water interface (SWI) using the HR-Peeper and DGT techniques. According to the results, sediment P release mainly occurred under anaerobic conditions. When the incubation system was in an anaerobic state, AMC effectively reduced the internal-P loading. In pore water, there was a positive correlation between soluble Fe and SRP, suggesting that the reductive dissolution of Fe-P constituted the main mechanism of sediment P release. After with dosing AMC, the concentrations of SRP and labile P in the capping layer both dropped abruptly to low levels and the content of Al-P in surface sediments rose, suggesting that AMC had strongly adsorbed phosphates, formed inert Al-P and blocked the phosphate exchange between pore water and overlying water. This study elaborated on the micromechanism of the control of sediment internal P input by AMC and revealed that Al-P precipitation constituted the main mechanism of the inhibition of sediment P release by aluminum-salt inactivating agents. The research findings have a great significance for guiding field applications of aluminum-salt inactivating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China.
| | - Jingan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China
| | - Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Resources and Environment, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China
| | - Yan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China
| | - Pingping Yu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Zuxue Jin
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
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Doan PTK, Watson SB, Markovic S, Liang A, Guo J, Mugalingam S, Stokes J, Morley A, Zhang W, Arhonditsis GB, Dittrich M. Phosphorus retention and internal loading in the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario, using diagenetic modelling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:39-51. [PMID: 29702401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Internal phosphorus (P) loading significantly contributes to hysteresis in ecosystem response to nutrient remediation, but the dynamics of sediment P transformations are often poorly characterized. Here, we applied a reaction-transport diagenetic model to investigate sediment P dynamics in the Bay of Quinte, a polymictic, spatially complex embayment of Lake Ontario, (Canada). We quantified spatial and temporal variability of sediment P binding forms and estimated P diffusive fluxes and sediment P retention in different parts of the bay. Our model supports the notion that diagenetic recycling of redox sensitive and organic bound P forms drive sediment P release. In the recent years, summer sediment P diffusive fluxes varied in the range of 3.2-3.6 mg P m-2 d-1 in the upper bay compared to 1.5 mg P m-2 d-1 in the middle-lower bay. Meanwhile sediment P retention ranged between 71% and 75% in the upper and middle-lower bay, respectively. The reconstruction of temporal trends of internal P loading in the past century, suggests that against the backdrop of reduced external P inputs, sediment P exerts growing control over the lake nutrient budget. Higher sediment P diffusive fluxes since mid-20th century with particular increase in the past 20 years in the shallower upper basins, emphasize limited sediment P retention potential and suggest prolonged ecosystem recovery, highlighting the importance of ongoing P control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong T K Doan
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Danang, Viet Nam.
| | - Sue B Watson
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Water Science and Technology, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Stefan Markovic
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Anqi Liang
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Jay Guo
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Water Science and Technology, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Shan Mugalingam
- Lower Trent Conservation Authority, 714 Murray Street, Trenton, ON K8V 5P4, Canada
| | - Jonathan Stokes
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Andrew Morley
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Eastern Region, 1259 Gardiners Road, Unit 3, P.O. Box 22032, Kingston, ON K7M 8S5, Canada
| | | | - George B Arhonditsis
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Maria Dittrich
- University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
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45
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Nürnberg GK, Fischer R, Paterson AM. Reduced phosphorus retention by anoxic bottom sediments after the remediation of an industrial acidified lake area: Indications from P, Al, and Fe sediment fractions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:412-422. [PMID: 29358136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Formerly acidified lakes and watersheds can become more productive when recovering from acidity, especially when exposed to anthropogenic disturbance and increased nutrient loading. Occasional toxic cyanobacterial blooms and other signs of eutrophication have been observed for a decade in lakes located in the Sudbury, Ontario, mining area that was severely affected by acid deposition before the start of smelter emission reductions in the 1970s. Oligotrophic Long Lake and its upstream lakes have been exposed to waste water input and development impacts from the City of Greater Sudbury and likely have a legacy of nutrient enrichment in their sediment. Based on observations from other published studies, we hypothesized that P, which was previously adsorbed by metals liberated during acidification caused by the mining activities, is now being released from the sediment as internal P loading contributing to increased cyanobacteria biomass. Support for this hypothesis includes (1) lake observations of oxygen depletion and hypolimnetic anoxia and slightly elevated hypolimnetic total P concentration and (2) P, Al, and Fe fractionation of two sediment layers (0-5, 5-10 cm), showing elevated concentrations of TP and iron releasable P (BD-fraction), decreased concentrations in fractions associated with Al, and fraction ratios indicating decreased sediment adsorption capacity. The comparison with two moderately enriched lakes within 200 km distance, but never directly affected by mining operations, supports the increasing similarity of Long Lake surficial sediment adsorption capacity with that of unaffected lakes. There is cause for concern that increased eutrophication including the proliferation of cyanobacteria of formerly acidic lakes is wide-spread and occurs wherever recovery coincides with anthropogenic disturbances and physical changes related to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachele Fischer
- Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, 300 Water Street, Peterborough, ON K9J 3C7, Canada
| | - Andrew M Paterson
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, ON P0A 1E0, Canada
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46
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Wang J, Chen J, Guo J, Sun Q, Yang H. Combined Fe/P and Fe/S ratios as a practicable index for estimating the release potential of internal-P in freshwater sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10740-10751. [PMID: 29396822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Release of phosphorus (P) from sediment is a major source of P in many freshwater lakes. Currently, assessing the ability of sediment to release P, which is valuable to the management of water eutrophication, remains a challenge. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find effective indexes for predicting the release potential of internal-P. In this study, high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and conventional sequential extraction were used to characterize the distribution and speciation of P, iron (Fe), and sulfur (S) in the surface sediment of a mildly eutrophic reservoir in southwestern China. Sediment samples exhibited large variations in Fe, S, and P, thereby providing favorable conditions for investigating the effects of Fe and S on sediment P mobilization. In contrast to traditional knowledge, our results show that total P (TP) and redox-sensitive P(BD-P) are poorly correlated with releasable P(DGT-P). This implies that high levels of sedimentary TP and BD-P do not necessarily result in an elevated release of internal-P under anaerobic conditions. Sedimentary P release was greatly suppressed at ratios of Fe/P > 30 and Fe/S > 6. Significant positive correlations between DGT-P and DGT-Fe or DGT-S suggest that Fe and S play an important role in governing the mobility of sedimentary P. These results support the combined Fe/P and Fe/S ratios as an effective and practicable index for assessing the ability of sediment to release P. Thus, our study provides a new and simple method for assessing sedimentary P pollution in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
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Wang GB, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Combination effect of sponge iron and calcium nitrate on severely eutrophic urban landscape water: an integrated study from laboratory to fields. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:8350-8363. [PMID: 29307060 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the in situ restoration of urban landscape water through the combined application of sponge iron (SI) and calcium nitrate (CN) was conducted in the Xi'an Moat of China. The combination effect of SI and CN on the phosphorus (P) control was explored through laboratory and field experiments. Results showed that the optimum mass ratio of SI and CN was 4:1, and the optimum dosage of combined SI and CN was 1.4 g/L for controlling eutrophication in the water body at Xi'an Moat. The field experiment demonstrated that SI and CN efficiently controlled P concentration in overlying and interstitial water and obtained a maximum efficiency of 88.6 and 65.2% in soluble reactive P locking, respectively. The total P, organic P, and Ca-bound P contents in sediment simultaneously increased by 7.7, 15.2, and 2.4%, respectively, after 56 days. Therefore, the combined application of SI and CN achieved the goal of transferring the P from overlying and interstitial water to the sediment. Considering the environmental effect and economic investment, the combined application of SI and CN at a mass ratio of 4:1 and dosage of 1.4 g/L is an excellent choice for the in situ rehabilitation of eutrophic water with a high internal P load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Bai Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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48
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Couture RM, Hindar A, Rognerud S. Emerging investigator series: geochemistry of trace elements associated with Fe and Mn nodules in the sediment of limed boreal lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:406-414. [PMID: 29359225 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00477j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thousands of boreal lakes were limed for decades in Scandinavia to counteract the effect of anthropogenic acidification. We measured the concentrations of alkali earth metals (Ca, Mg, Ba), metals (Mn, Fe, Al, Co, Cd, Pb, Zn), metalloids (As, Mo) and phosphorus (P) in 165 surface sediment samples from 17 limed lakes, as well as the sediment column and porewater of two lakes chosen from this set. We report that formation of ferromanganese nodules is widespread in limed lakes, and that those nodules are enriched in trace elements, reaching for example 11 500, 908 and 40 μg g-1 for Ba, Mo and As, respectively. Nodules are more abundant between the littoral and the profundal zones. Intense redox cycling of Fe and Mn at the sediment-water interface has redistributed trace elements in the sediment column. Ba, Co, Mo, Pb and Zn partitioned with Mn (oxy)hydroxides and As and P with Fe (oxy)hydroxides. Fe, Mo, Co and As remobilized to the porewater also diffused downward and were likely sequestrated with sulfides. We conclude that the diagenetic redistribution and partitioning of trace elements onto Fe-Mn nodules, rather than direct inputs from liming, is the cause of the elevated trace element burden in surface sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul-Marie Couture
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research-NIVA, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
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49
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Drivers of Sediment Accumulation and Nutrient Burial in Coastal Stormwater Detention Ponds, South Carolina, USA. Ecosystems 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-017-0207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Lin Q, Liu B, Min F, Zhang Y, Ma J, He F, Zeng L, Dai Z, Wu Z. Effects of aluminate flocculant on turion germination and seedling growth of Potamogeton crispus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:236-244. [PMID: 29101781 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aluminate flocculants are employed widely in water treatment for precipitating suspended solids and emergency treatment of algal blooms in eutrophic lake, but the residual aluminum (Al) may have phytotoxic effects on aquatic organisms after entering aquatic ecosystems. To elucidate the potential impacts of Al on turion germination and early growth in Potamogeton crispus, we conducted a mesocosm experiment using five Al concentrations (0 (control group), 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.5mg/L) in alum solutions. The results showed that the germination of turions and the early growth of P. crispus were reduced and inhibited by Al. The maximum numbers of germinating turions and newly-formed seedlings occurred in the control group, and their numbers declined in the end of the experiment as the Al concentration increased. Al at a concentration of 1.5mg/L decreased the number of germinating turions 3.0 times and the number of newly-formed seedlings 30.7 times compared with the control. The chlorophyll content and root activity decreased when the Al concentration increased. The maximum soluble protein contents in seedling tissues (1.953mg/g fresh weight) occurred in the 0.6mg/L treatment group, which differed significantly from the other treatment groups. The Al contents in the seedling tissues had a significant positive correlation with the Al treatment concentrations (P<0.05, r=0.763), but negative correlations with the biomass, root number, stem weight, soluble protein, and root activity (r=-0.935, -0.975, -0.907, -0.721, -0.944, respectively). Persistent Al concentration ≥1.2mg/L significantly decreased the germination of turions and seedling growth in P. crispus. These results may facilitate the restoration of aquatic macrophytes and ecological risk assessments in Al-exposed lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Fenli Min
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhigang Dai
- Sanyou Environmental Technology Co. Ltd, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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