1
|
Fekete Z, Zátonyi A, Kaszás A, Madarász M, Slézia A. Transparent neural interfaces: challenges and solutions of microengineered multimodal implants designed to measure intact neuronal populations using high-resolution electrophysiology and microscopy simultaneously. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37213820 PMCID: PMC10195795 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the feasibility of using transparent neural interfaces in multimodal in vivo experiments on the central nervous system. Multimodal electrophysiological and neuroimaging approaches hold great potential for revealing the anatomical and functional connectivity of neuronal ensembles in the intact brain. Multimodal approaches are less time-consuming and require fewer experimental animals as researchers obtain denser, complex data during the combined experiments. Creating devices that provide high-resolution, artifact-free neural recordings while facilitating the interrogation or stimulation of underlying anatomical features is currently one of the greatest challenges in the field of neuroengineering. There are numerous articles highlighting the trade-offs between the design and development of transparent neural interfaces; however, a comprehensive overview of the efforts in material science and technology has not been reported. Our present work fills this gap in knowledge by introducing the latest micro- and nanoengineered solutions for fabricating substrate and conductive components. Here, the limitations and improvements in electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, the stability and longevity of the integrated features, and biocompatibility during in vivo use are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Fekete
- Research Group for Implantable Microsystems, Faculty of Information Technology & Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Psychology, Eotvos Lorand Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Zátonyi
- Research Group for Implantable Microsystems, Faculty of Information Technology & Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Kaszás
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CMP, Département BEL, F - 13541 Gardanne, France
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289 & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M. Madarász
- János Szentágothai PhD Program of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- BrainVision Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Slézia
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289 & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miyazaki J, Ishikawa Y, Kondo R. Multiwavelength Photothermal Imaging of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Suspended in a Solvent. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5483-5491. [PMID: 35925805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) enables the characterization of heterogeneous SWCNT samples. However, previous measurement methods have targeted SWCNTs fixed on a substrate. In this study, absorption-contrast imaging of individual SWCNTs moving irregularly in a solvent was performed by simultaneous multiwavelength photothermal (PT) microscopy. Using this technique, heterogeneous samples containing semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs were characterized by absorption spectroscopy. The semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs were visualized in different colors in the obtained multiwavelength images due to their different absorption spectra. Statistical analysis of the multiwavelength signals revealed that semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs could be distinguished with more than 90% accuracy. Time-series PT imaging of the nanotube aggregates induced by salt addition was also conducted by performing single-nanotube measurements. Our study demonstrated that PT microscopy is a versatile technique for determining the composition and degree of aggregation of SWCNTs in liquid and polymeric media, which can promote the industrial application of such materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miyazaki
- Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 930 Sakae-dani, Wakayama 640-8510, Japan
| | - Yuya Ishikawa
- Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 930 Sakae-dani, Wakayama 640-8510, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kondo
- Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 930 Sakae-dani, Wakayama 640-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adhikari S, Orrit M. Progress and perspectives in single-molecule optical spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:160903. [PMID: 35489995 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We review some of the progress of single-molecule optical experiments in the past 20 years and propose some perspectives for the coming years. We particularly focus on methodological advances in fluorescence, super-resolution, photothermal contrast, and interferometric scattering and briefly discuss a few of the applications. These advances have enabled the exploration of new emitters and quantum optics; the chemistry and biology of complex heterogeneous systems, nanoparticles, and plasmonics; and the detection and study of non-fluorescing and non-absorbing nano-objects. We conclude by proposing some ideas for future experiments. The field will move toward more and better signals of a broader variety of objects and toward a sharper view of the surprising complexity of the nanoscale world of single (bio-)molecules, nanoparticles, and their nano-environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manousiouthakis E, Park J, Hardy JG, Lee JY, Schmidt CE. Towards the translation of electroconductive organic materials for regeneration of neural tissues. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:22-42. [PMID: 34339871 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based conductive and electroactive materials (e.g., derivatives of graphene, fullerenes, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline) have been studied since the 1970s for use in a broad range of applications. These materials have electrical properties comparable to those of commonly used metals, while providing other benefits such as flexibility in processing and modification with biologics (e.g., cells, biomolecules), to yield electroactive materials with biomimetic mechanical and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the uses of these electroconductive materials in the context of the central and peripheral nervous system, specifically recent studies in the peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, eye, and ear. We also highlight in vivo studies and clinical trials, as well as a snapshot of emerging classes of electroconductive materials (e.g., biodegradable materials). We believe such specialized electrically conductive biomaterials will clinically impact the field of tissue regeneration in the foreseeable future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review addresses the use of conductive and electroactive materials for neural tissue regeneration, which is of significant interest to a broad readership, and of particular relevance to the growing community of scientists, engineers and clinicians in academia and industry who develop novel medical devices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The review covers the materials that may be employed (primarily focusing on derivatives of fullerenes, graphene and conjugated polymers) and techniques used to analyze materials composed thereof, followed by sections on the application of these materials to nervous tissues (i.e., peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, optical, and auditory tissues) throughout the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Manousiouthakis
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao S, Kitaura R, Moon P, Koshino M, Wang F. Interlayer Interactions in 1D Van der Waals Moiré Superlattices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103460. [PMID: 34841726 PMCID: PMC8805582 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studying two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) moiré superlattices and their interlayer interactions have received surging attention after recent discoveries of many new phases of matter that are highly tunable. Different atomistic registry between layers forming the inner and outer nanotubes can also form one-dimensional (1D) vdW moiré superlattices. In this review, experimental observations and theoretical perspectives related to interlayer interactions in 1D vdW moiré superlattices are summarized. The discussion focuses on double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs), a model 1D vdW moiré system, and the authors highlight the new optical features emerging from the non-trivial strong interlayer coupling effect and the unique physics in 1D DWNTs. Future directions and questions in probing the intriguing physical phenomena in 1D vdW moiré superlattices such as, correlated physics in different 1D moiré systems beyond DWNTs are proposed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum InformationZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and DeviceState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Ryo Kitaura
- Department of ChemistryNagoya UniversityNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Pilkyung Moon
- Arts and SciencesNYU ShanghaiShanghai200122China
- NYU‐ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU ShanghaiShanghai200062China
| | - Mikito Koshino
- Department of PhysicsOsaka UniversityToyonaka560‐0043Japan
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
- Materials Science DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at University of California Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baaske M, Asgari N, Spaeth P, Adhikari S, Punj D, Orrit M. Photothermal Spectro-Microscopy as Benchmark for Optoplasmonic Bio-Detection Assays. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:25087-25093. [PMID: 34824661 PMCID: PMC8607500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optoplasmonic bio-detection assays commonly probe the response of plasmonic nanostructures to changes in their dielectric environment. The accurate detection of nanoscale entities such as virus particles, micelles and proteins requires optimization of multiple experimental parameters. Performing such optimization directly via analyte recognition is often not desirable or feasible, especially if the nanostructures exhibit limited numbers of analyte binding sites and if binding is irreversible. Here we introduce photothermal spectro-microscopy as a benchmarking tool for the characterization and optimization of optoplasmonic detection assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin.
D. Baaske
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nasrin Asgari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Deep Punj
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matsukawa Y, Umemura K. Optical Response Characteristics of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Chirality Exposed to Oxidants with Different Oxidizing Power. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041091. [PMID: 33669602 PMCID: PMC7922499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiconductor single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have unique characteristics owing to differences in the three-dimensional structure (chirality) expressed by the chiral index (n,m), and many studies on the redox characteristics of chirality have been reported. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the chirality of SWNTs and the oxidizing power of oxidants by measuring the near-infrared (NIR) absorption spectra of two double-stranded DNA-SWNT complexes with the addition of three oxidants with different oxidizing powers. A dispersion was prepared by mixing 0.5 mg of SWNT powder with 1 mg/mL of DNA solution. Different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium hexachloroidylate (IV) (K2IrCl6), or potassium permanganate (KMnO4) were added to the dispersion to induce oxidation. Thereafter, a catechin solution was added to observe if the absorbance of the oxidized dispersion was restored by the reducing action of the catechin. We found that the difference in the oxidizing power had a significant effect on the detection sensitivity of the chiralities of the SWNTs. Furthermore, we revealed a detectable range of oxidants with different oxidizing powers for each chirality.
Collapse
|
8
|
Adhikari S, Spaeth P, Kar A, Baaske MD, Khatua S, Orrit M. Photothermal Microscopy: Imaging the Optical Absorption of Single Nanoparticles and Single Molecules. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16414-16445. [PMID: 33216527 PMCID: PMC7760091 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The photothermal (PT) signal arises from slight changes of the index of refraction in a sample due to absorption of a heating light beam. Refractive index changes are measured with a second probing beam, usually of a different color. In the past two decades, this all-optical detection method has reached the sensitivity of single particles and single molecules, which gave birth to original applications in material science and biology. PT microscopy enables shot-noise-limited detection of individual nanoabsorbers among strong scatterers and circumvents many of the limitations of fluorescence-based detection. This review describes the theoretical basis of PT microscopy, the methodological developments that improved its sensitivity toward single-nanoparticle and single-molecule imaging, and a vast number of applications to single-nanoparticle imaging and tracking in material science and in cellular biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ashish Kar
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Martin Dieter Baaske
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saumyakanti Khatua
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effect on near-infrared absorption spectra of DNA/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) complexes by adsorption of a blocking reagent. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Li Q, Shi Z, Wu L, Wei H. Resonant scattering-enhanced photothermal microscopy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8397-8403. [PMID: 32239001 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10893a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal (PT) microscopy is currently the most efficient approach for the detection and spectroscopy of individual non-fluorescent nano-objects based solely on their absorption. The nano-objects in current PT microscopy are usually non-resonant with the probe laser light, and the PT signal is mainly generated from the interactions of the incident probe light and the heating light-induced thermal lens around the imaged object. Inspired by the high sensitivity of the scattering field from the nano-objects near optical resonance to the variation in the local refractive index, we developed a novel strategy of resonant scattering-enhanced PT microscopy where the imaged nano-objects are near-resonant with the probe laser light. We have demonstrated this by using gold nanorods (NRs) with tunable longitudinal surface plasmon resonances. The PT signal of gold NR near-resonant with the probe light showed dramatic variation in the narrow resonance wavelength range, as small as 15 nm, and the maximal amplitude of the PT signal in this range can be enhanced up to 43 times as compared with the weak PT signal of gold NR non-resonant with the probe light. Theoretical analysis indicates that the obtained strong PT signal is mainly caused by the heat-induced variation in the polarizability of gold NR. Our novel work demonstrates the first resonant scattering-enhanced PT imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles, paving the way for the development of PT microscopy with ultra-high sensitivity toward the sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy of nanoscopic objects in complex environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Understanding the excitation wavelength dependent spectral shift and large exciton binding energy of tungsten disulfide quantum dots and its interaction with single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:519-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
12
|
Shi Z, Tian X, Luo Z, Huang R, Wu L, Li Q. Photothermal Imaging of Individual Nano-Objects with Large Scattering Cross Sections. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1659-1665. [PMID: 31994889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal (PT) microscopy enables the efficient detection of absorbing nano-objects with high sensitivity and stability. The PT signal in the current PT microscopy usually comes from the interaction of the probe laser beam with the heating laser beam-induced thermal lens, and the contribution of the scattering field from the imaged nano-object is usually not taken into account. Here, in this paper, we systematically studied the influence of the scattering field from the imaged nanoparticles on the obtained PT signal by using Ag nanowires (NWs) on a glass substrate surrounded by glycerol as an example. Under the excitation of a heating laser beam at 532 nm wavelength, the rise of local temperature around the Ag NW results in the intensity variation of the interferometric scattering probe light at 730 nm wavelength which includes the scattering light from the Ag NW and the reflection light from the glass-glycerol interface. We found that the PT signal on the NW are positive and negative for the probe beam polarized parallel and perpendicular to the NW axis, respectively. Numerical simulations confirm that the heat-induced intensity variation of the pure scattering light from the NW and the thermal lens-induced intensity increase of the reflection light both contribute to the obtained PT signal. Our work provides the basic guidance for the analysis of PT signal from nano-objects with large scattering cross sections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghong Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Xiaorui Tian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Zhangzeng Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Rongchen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Qiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zahedian M, Koh ES, Dragnea B. Photothermal microspectroscopy with Bessel-Gauss beams and reflective objectives. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:7352-7358. [PMID: 31674379 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.007352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigate scanning photothermal microspectroscopic imaging of metal nanoparticles with reflective objectives. We show that correction-less collection of spectra from single spherical nanoparticles embedded in a polymer is possible over a wide spectral band, with large depth of focus, long working distance, and high lateral spatial resolution. We posit that these beneficial characteristics are inherent of the Bessel-Gauss character of the focused beam. When compared with other types of optical microscopy, the combination of these characteristics give photothermal imaging with reflective objectives unique appeal for material characterization applications.
Collapse
|
14
|
Differences in the response of the near-infrared absorbance spectra of single-walled carbon nanotubes; Effects of chirality and wrapping polymers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:684-689. [PMID: 30243222 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We detected antioxidant activity of catechin, one of the main components of tea, using SWNTs surface coated with two different biomolecules. Compared to coating with DNA already reported, it can hardly be detected when coated with carboxymethyl cellulose. For nanobiosensing using SWNTs, its sensitivity is not determined only by SWNTs, we found that biomolecules covering the surface are extremely important. In this experiment, we measured the near-infrared absorption spectra of SWNTs coated separately with two different water-soluble polymers; DNA (double-stranded DNA-SWNT complexes) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, CMC-SWNT complexes), and uncovered the differences in their antioxidant properties against the flavonoid catechin. Each dispersion was oxidized with H2O2 at 0.03% (final concentration), following which catechin solutions were added to reduce the samples. Our results showed that the magnitude of the change in the absorbance spectra for dsDNA-SWNT complexes in response to oxidation and reduction was superior to that for CMC-SWNT complexes. The CMC-SWNT complexes exhibited almost no change in their spectra even though the same SWNT powder (produced by the high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco) method) was used. On the other hand, when (6, 5)-enriched SWNT powder produced by the ComoCat method was used, no significant change in the absorbance was observed, even though (6, 5)-enriched SWNTs are frequently used for nanobiosensing. Our results revealed that both the SWNT chirality and type of polymer for wrapping SWNTs are important factors for establishing nanobiosensing methods utilizing SWNTs.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yao F, Liu C, Chen C, Zhang S, Zhao Q, Xiao F, Wu M, Li J, Gao P, Zhao J, Bai X, Maruyama S, Yu D, Wang E, Sun Z, Zhang J, Wang F, Liu K. Measurement of complex optical susceptibility for individual carbon nanotubes by elliptically polarized light excitation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3387. [PMID: 30140007 PMCID: PMC6107641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex optical susceptibility is the most fundamental parameter characterizing light-matter interactions and determining optical applications in any material. In one-dimensional (1D) materials, all conventional techniques to measure the complex susceptibility become invalid. Here we report a methodology to measure the complex optical susceptibility of individual 1D materials by an elliptical-polarization-based optical homodyne detection. This method is based on the accurate manipulation of interference between incident left- (right-) handed elliptically polarized light and the scattering light, which results in the opposite (same) contribution of the real and imaginary susceptibility in two sets of spectra. We successfully demonstrate its application in determining complex susceptibility of individual chirality-defined carbon nanotubes in a broad optical spectral range (1.6-2.7 eV) and under different environments (suspended and in device). This full characterization of the complex optical responses should accelerate applications of various 1D nanomaterials in future photonic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and bio-imaging devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Can Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiuchen Zhao
- Center for Nanochemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fajun Xiao
- School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Muhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianlin Zhao
- School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Energy NanoEngineering Lab, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8564, Japan
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Enge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Senga R, Pichler T, Yomogida Y, Tanaka T, Kataura H, Suenaga K. Direct Proof of a Defect-Modulated Gap Transition in Semiconducting Nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3920-3925. [PMID: 29783838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of optical properties at a nanometer level are of central importance for the characterization of optoelectronic devices. It is, however, difficult to use conventional light-probe measurements to determine the local optical properties from a single quantum object with nanometrical inhomogeneity. Here, we successfully measured the optical gap transitions of an individual semiconducting carbon nanotube with defects by using a monochromated electron source as a probe. The optical conductivity extracted from an electron energy-loss spectrum for a certain type of defect presents a characteristic modification near the lowest excitation peak ( E11), where excitons and nonradiative transitions, as well as phonon-coupled excitations, are strongly involved. Detailed line-shape analysis of the E11 peak clearly shows different degrees of exciton lifetime shortening and electronic state modification according to the defect type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Senga
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Thomas Pichler
- Faculty of Physics , University of Vienna , Strudlhofgasse 4 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Yohei Yomogida
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kataura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Kazu Suenaga
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carey T, Jones C, Le Moal F, Deganello D, Torrisi F. Spray-Coating Thin Films on Three-Dimensional Surfaces for a Semitransparent Capacitive-Touch Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:19948-19956. [PMID: 29745645 PMCID: PMC6057686 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we formulate low surface tension (∼30 mN/m) and low boiling point (∼79 °C) inks of graphene, single-wall carbon nanotubes and conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and demonstrate their viability for spray-coating of morphologically uniform ( Sq ≈ 48 ± 3 nm), transparent conducting films (TCFs) at room temperature (∼20 °C), which conform to three dimensional curved surfaces. Large area (∼750 cm2) hybrid PEDOT:PSS/graphene films achieved an optical transmission of 67% in the UV and 64% in the near-infrared wavelengths with a conductivity of ∼104 S/m. Finally, we demonstrate the spray-coating of TCFs as an electrode on the inside of a poly(methyl methacrylate) sphere, enabling a semitransparent (around 360°) and spherical touch sensor for interactive devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Carey
- Cambridge Graphene
Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K.
| | - Chris Jones
- Novalia Ltd, Impington, Cambridge CB24 9N, U.K.
| | | | - Davide Deganello
- Welsh Centre for Printing and Coating,
College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.
| | - Felice Torrisi
- Cambridge Graphene
Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K.
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang J, Liu X, Xu W, Luo W, Li M, Chu F, Xu L, Cao A, Guan J, Tang S, Duan X. Stretchable Transparent Electrode Arrays for Simultaneous Electrical and Optical Interrogation of Neural Circuits in Vivo. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2903-2911. [PMID: 29608857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments of transparent electrode arrays provide a unique capability for simultaneous optical and electrical interrogation of neural circuits in the brain. However, none of these electrode arrays possess the stretchability highly desired for interfacing with mechanically active neural systems, such as the brain under injury, the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Here, we report a stretchable transparent electrode array from carbon nanotube (CNT) web-like thin films that retains excellent electrochemical performance and broad-band optical transparency under stretching and is highly durable under cyclic stretching deformation. We show that the CNT electrodes record well-defined neuronal response signals with negligible light-induced artifacts from cortical surfaces under optogenetic stimulation. Simultaneous two-photon calcium imaging through the transparent CNT electrodes from cortical surfaces of GCaMP-expressing mice with epilepsy shows individual activated neurons in brain regions from which the concurrent electrical recording is taken, thus providing complementary cellular information in addition to the high-temporal-resolution electrical recording. Notably, the studies on rats show that the CNT electrodes remain operational during and after brain contusion that involves the rapid deformation of both the electrode array and brain tissue. This enables real-time, continuous electrophysiological monitoring of cortical activity under traumatic brain injury. These results highlight the potential application of the stretchable transparent CNT electrode arrays in combining electrical and optical modalities to study neural circuits, especially under mechanically active conditions, which could potentially provide important new insights into the local circuit dynamics of the spinal cord and PNS as well as the mechanism underlying traumatic injuries of the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenhan Luo
- School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | | | | | | | | | - Jisong Guan
- School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- School of Life Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai , 201210 , China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Joplin A, Chang WS, Link S. Imaging and Spectroscopy of Single Metal Nanostructure Absorption. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3775-3786. [PMID: 29149571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The highly tunable optical properties of metal nanoparticles make them an ideal building block in any application that requires control over light, heat, or electrons on the nanoscale. Because of their size, metal nanoparticles both absorb and scatter light efficiently. Consequently, improving their performance often involves shifting the balance between absorption and scattering to promote desirable features of their optical properties. Scattering by single metal nanoparticles is commonly characterized using dark-field scattering spectroscopy, but routine methods to characterize pure absorption over a broad wavelength range are much more complex. This article reviews work from our lab using photothermal imaging in combination with dark-field scattering and electron microscopy to separate radiative and nonradiative properties of single nanoparticles and their assemblies. We present both initial work using different laser wavelengths to explore pure absorption free from scattering contributions based on the heat released into the environment as well as the development of photothermal spectroscopy over a broad wavelength range, making it possible to resolve details that are otherwise hidden in ensemble measurements that most of the time also do not separate radiative and nonradiative properties.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Chemical activity of single nanoparticles can be imaged and determined by monitoring the optical signal of each individual during chemical reactions with advanced optical microscopes. It allows for clarifying the functional heterogeneity among individuals, and for uncovering the microscopic reaction mechanisms and kinetics that could otherwise be averaged out in ensemble measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Thakkar N, Rea MT, Smith KC, Heylman KD, Quillin SC, Knapper KA, Horak EH, Masiello DJ, Goldsmith RH. Sculpting Fano Resonances To Control Photonic-Plasmonic Hybridization. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6927-6934. [PMID: 28968499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid photonic-plasmonic systems have tremendous potential as versatile platforms for the study and control of nanoscale light-matter interactions since their respective components have either high-quality factors or low mode volumes. Individual metallic nanoparticles deposited on optical microresonators provide an excellent example where ultrahigh-quality optical whispering-gallery modes can be combined with nanoscopic plasmonic mode volumes to maximize the system's photonic performance. Such optimization, however, is difficult in practice because of the inability to easily measure and tune critical system parameters. In this Letter, we present a general and practical method to determine the coupling strength and tailor the degree of hybridization in composite optical microresonator-plasmonic nanoparticle systems based on experimentally measured absorption spectra. Specifically, we use thermal annealing to control the detuning between a metal nanoparticle's localized surface plasmon resonance and the whispering-gallery modes of an optical microresonator cavity. We demonstrate the ability to sculpt Fano resonance lineshapes in the absorption spectrum and infer system parameters critical to elucidating the underlying photonic-plasmonic hybridization. We show that including decoherence processes is necessary to capture the evolution of the lineshapes. As a result, thermal annealing allows us to directly tune the degree of hybridization and various hybrid mode quantities such as the quality factor and mode volume and ultimately maximize the Purcell factor to be 104.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niket Thakkar
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-3925, United States
| | - Morgan T Rea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Kevin C Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1560, United States
| | - Kevin D Heylman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Steven C Quillin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Kassandra A Knapper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Erik H Horak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - David J Masiello
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-3925, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Randall H Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mansukhani ND, Guiney LM, Wei Z, Roth EW, Putz KW, Luijten E, Hersam MC. Optothermally Reversible Carbon Nanotube-DNA Supramolecular Hybrid Hydrogels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [PMID: 29065239 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels (SMHs) are three-dimensional constructs wherein the majority of the volume is occupied by water. Since the bonding forces between the components of SMHs are noncovalent, SMH properties are often tunable, stimuli-responsive, and reversible, which enables applications including triggered drug release, sensing, and tissue engineering. Meanwhile, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) possess superlative electrical and thermal conductivities, high mechanical strength, and strong optical absorption at near-infrared wavelengths that have the potential to add unique functionality to SMHs. However, SWCNT-based SMHs have thus far not realized the potential of the optical properties of SWCNTs to enable reversible response to near-infrared irradiation. Here, we present a novel SMH architecture comprised solely of DNA and SWCNTs, wherein noncovalent interactions provide structural integrity without compromising the intrinsic properties of SWCNTs. The mechanical properties of these SMHs are readily tuned by varying the relative concentrations of DNA and SWCNTs, which varies the cross-linking density as shown by molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, the SMH gelation transition is fully reversible and can be triggered by a change in temperature or near-infrared irradiation. This work explores a new regime for SMHs with potential utility for a range of applications including sensors, actuators, responsive substrates, and 3D printing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhita D Mansukhani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Linda M Guiney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Zonghui Wei
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Eric W Roth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Karl W Putz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Erik Luijten
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yao F, Chen C, Liu C, Zhang J, Wang F, Liu K. High-Throughput Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of One-Dimensional Materials. Chemistry 2017; 23:9703-9710. [PMID: 28378432 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Direct visualization of one-dimensional (1D) materials under an optical microscope in ambient conditions is of great significance for their characterizations and applications. However, it is full of challenges to achieve such goal due to their relative small size (ca. 1 nm in diameter) in the optical-diffraction-limited laser spot (ca. 1 μm in diameter). In this Concept article, we introduce a polarization-based optical homodyne detection method that can be used as a general strategy to obtain high-throughput, real-time, optical imaging and in situ spectroscopy of polarization-inhomogeneous 1D materials. We will use carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as an example to demonstrate the applications of such characterization with respect to the absorption signal of individual nanotubes, real-time imaging of individual nanotubes in devices, and statistical structure information of nanotube arrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Can Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Advanced Light Source Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Russier J, Oudjedi L, Piponnier M, Bussy C, Prato M, Kostarelos K, Lounis B, Bianco A, Cognet L. Direct visualization of carbon nanotube degradation in primary cells by photothermal imaging. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4642-4645. [PMID: 28327707 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09795b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of biodegradability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a critically important aspect that needs to be solved before their translation into new biomedical tools. CNT biodegradation has been shown both in vitro and in vivo, but we are limited by the number of analytical techniques that can be used to follow the entire process. Photothermal imaging (PhI) is an innovative technique that enables the quantitative detection of nanometer-sized absorptive objects. In this study, we demonstrate that PhI allows the observation of the degradation process of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) following their internalization by primary glial cells. The absence of interference from the biological matrix components, together with the possibility to combine PhI with other detection techniques (e.g. fluorescence, light or electron microscopy) validate the potential of this method to follow the fate and behavior of carbon nanostructures in a biological environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Russier
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Laura Oudjedi
- University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. and Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Martin Piponnier
- University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. and Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy and Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain and Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Brahim Lounis
- University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. and Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Laurent Cognet
- University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. and Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pfohl M, Tune DD, Graf A, Zaumseil J, Krupke R, Flavel BS. Fitting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Optical Spectra. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1163-1171. [PMID: 28393134 PMCID: PMC5377271 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a comprehensive methodology for the fitting of single-walled carbon nanotube absorption spectra is presented. Different approaches to background subtraction, choice of line profile, and calculation of full width at half-maximum are discussed both in the context of previous literature and the contemporary understanding of carbon nanotube photophysics. The fitting is improved by the inclusion of exciton-phonon sidebands, and new techniques to improve the individualization of overlapped nanotube spectra by exploiting correlations between the first- and second-order optical transitions and the exciton-phonon sidebands are presented. Consideration of metallic nanotubes allows an analysis of the metallic/semiconducting content, and a process of constraining the fit of highly congested spectra of carbon nanotube solid films according to the spectral weights of each (n, m) species in solution is also presented, allowing for more reliable resolution of overlapping peaks into single (n, m) species contributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Pfohl
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), P.O.
Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Jovanka-Bontschits-Str.
2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel D. Tune
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), P.O.
Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Centre
for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders
University, GPO Box 2100, 5042 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Arko Graf
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry, Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralph Krupke
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), P.O.
Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Jovanka-Bontschits-Str.
2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Benjamin S. Flavel
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), P.O.
Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Crut A, Maioli P, Vallée F, Del Fatti N. Linear and ultrafast nonlinear plasmonics of single nano-objects. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:123002. [PMID: 28094243 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa59cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-particle optical investigations have greatly improved our understanding of the fundamental properties of nano-objects, avoiding the spurious inhomogeneous effects that affect ensemble experiments. Correlation with high-resolution imaging techniques providing morphological information (e.g. electron microscopy) allows a quantitative interpretation of the optical measurements by means of analytical models and numerical simulations. In this topical review, we first briefly recall the principles underlying some of the most commonly used single-particle optical techniques: near-field, dark-field, spatial modulation and photothermal microscopies/spectroscopies. We then focus on the quantitative investigation of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metallic nano-objects using linear and ultrafast optical techniques. While measured SPR positions and spectral areas are found in good agreement with predictions based on Maxwell's equations, SPR widths are strongly influenced by quantum confinement (or, from a classical standpoint, surface-induced electron scattering) and, for small nano-objects, cannot be reproduced using the dielectric functions of bulk materials. Linear measurements on single nano-objects (silver nanospheres and gold nanorods) allow a quantification of the size and geometry dependences of these effects in confined metals. Addressing the ultrafast response of an individual nano-object is also a powerful tool to elucidate the physical mechanisms at the origin of their optical nonlinearities, and their electronic, vibrational and thermal relaxation processes. Experimental investigations of the dynamical response of gold nanorods are shown to be quantitatively modeled in terms of modifications of the metal dielectric function enhanced by plasmonic effects. Ultrafast spectroscopy can also be exploited to unveil hidden physical properties of more complex nanosystems. In this context, two-color femtosecond pump-probe experiments performed on individual bimetallic heterodimers are discussed in the last part of the review, demonstrating the existence of Fano interferences in the optical absorption of a gold nanoparticle under the influence of a nearby silver one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Crut
- FemtoNanoOptics group, Institut Lumière Matière UMR5306, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shibu ES, Varkentina N, Cognet L, Lounis B. Small Gold Nanorods with Tunable Absorption for Photothermal Microscopy in Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600280. [PMID: 28251050 PMCID: PMC5323823 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, sorting, and characterization of monodisperse gold nanorods with dimensions around 10 nm in length and below 6 nm in diameter is reported. They display tunable plasmon resonance in the near infrared, a region where cellular absorption is reduced. A dual color photothermal microscope is developed to demonstrate that they are promising single molecule probes for bioimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Nadezda Varkentina
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Laurent Cognet
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Brahim Lounis
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Automated circuit fabrication and direct characterization of carbon nanotube vibrations. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12153. [PMID: 27396506 PMCID: PMC4942577 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, carbon nanotubes have fascinated many researchers due to their unprecedented properties. However, a major drawback in utilizing carbon nanotubes for practical applications is the difficulty in positioning or growing them at specific locations. Here we present a simple, rapid, non-invasive and scalable technique that enables optical imaging of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube scaffold serves as a seed for nucleation and growth of small size, optically visible nanocrystals. After imaging the molecules can be removed completely, leaving the surface intact, and thus the carbon nanotube electrical and mechanical properties are preserved. The successful and robust optical imaging allowed us to develop a dedicated image processing algorithm through which we are able to demonstrate a fully automated circuit design resulting in field effect transistors and inverters. Moreover, we demonstrate that this imaging method allows not only to locate carbon nanotubes but also, as in the case of suspended ones, to study their dynamic mechanical motion. Integrating carbon nanotubes into electronic devices requires quick and non-invasive imaging of the nanostructures for precision positioning. Here, the authors use the base of the nanotubes to nucleate the growth of optically visible organic nanocrystals, which thus enables simple microscopy.
Collapse
|
29
|
Petersen EJ, Flores-Cervantes DX, Bucheli TD, Elliott LCC, Fagan JA, Gogos A, Hanna S, Kägi R, Mansfield E, Montoro Bustos AR, Plata DL, Reipa V, Westerhoff P, Winchester MR. Quantification of Carbon Nanotubes in Environmental Matrices: Current Capabilities, Case Studies, and Future Prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:4587-605. [PMID: 27050152 PMCID: PMC4943226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have numerous exciting potential applications and some that have reached commercialization. As such, quantitative measurements of CNTs in key environmental matrices (water, soil, sediment, and biological tissues) are needed to address concerns about their potential environmental and human health risks and to inform application development. However, standard methods for CNT quantification are not yet available. We systematically and critically review each component of the current methods for CNT quantification including CNT extraction approaches, potential biases, limits of detection, and potential for standardization. This review reveals that many of the techniques with the lowest detection limits require uncommon equipment or expertise, and thus, they are not frequently accessible. Additionally, changes to the CNTs (e.g., agglomeration) after environmental release and matrix effects can cause biases for many of the techniques, and biasing factors vary among the techniques. Five case studies are provided to illustrate how to use this information to inform responses to real-world scenarios such as monitoring potential CNT discharge into a river or ecotoxicity testing by a testing laboratory. Overall, substantial progress has been made in improving CNT quantification during the past ten years, but additional work is needed for standardization, development of extraction techniques from complex matrices, and multimethod comparisons of standard samples to reveal the comparability of techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J. Petersen
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - D. Xanat Flores-Cervantes
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas D. Bucheli
- Agroscope, Institute of Sustainability Sciences ISS, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lindsay C. C. Elliott
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Fagan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Agroscope, Institute of Sustainability Sciences ISS, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shannon Hanna
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Ralf Kägi
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Mansfield
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Antonio R. Montoro Bustos
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Desiree L. Plata
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Vytas Reipa
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Arizona State University, Box 3005, Tempe, Arizona 85278-3005, United States
| | - Michael R. Winchester
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Deng S, Tang J, Kang L, Hu Y, Yao F, Zhao Q, Zhang S, Liu K, Zhang J. High-Throughput Determination of Statistical Structure Information for Horizontal Carbon Nanotube Arrays by Optical Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2018-2023. [PMID: 26766418 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical multicolor imaging is used as a high-throughput statistical tool to determine the structure information of horizontally aligned carbon nanotube arrays on various substrates and in diverse environments. This high-throughput ability is achieved through the direct use of optical image information and an over 10-fold enhancement of the optical contrast by polarization manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Deng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lixing Kang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fengrui Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiuchen Zhao
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Optical detection of individual ultra-short carbon nanotubes enables their length characterization down to 10 nm. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17093. [PMID: 26603487 PMCID: PMC4658524 DOI: 10.1038/srep17093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrashort single-walled carbon nanotubes, i.e. with length below ~30 nm, display length-dependent physical, chemical and biological properties that are attractive for the development of novel nanodevices and nanomaterials. Whether fundamental or applicative, such developments require that ultrashort nanotube lengths can be routinely and reliably characterized with high statistical data for high-quality sample production. However, no methods currently fulfill these requirements. Here, we demonstrate that photothermal microscopy achieves fast and reliable optical single nanotube analysis down to ~10 nm lengths. Compared to atomic force microscopy, this method provides ultrashort nanotubes length distribution with high statistics, and neither requires specific sample preparation nor tip-dependent image analysis.
Collapse
|
32
|
Koh ES, McDonald J, Tsvetkova IB, Dragnea B. Measurement of Nanoparticle Adlayer Properties by Photothermal Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3621-3625. [PMID: 26722732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Many nanoparticle applications require molecular adlayers that impart desirable interfacial characteristics. Such characteristics are crucial in controlling the interaction of the nanoparticle with the environment or other nanoparticles; however, departures from bulk values are expected for adlayer properties and in situ methods to evaluate the magnitude of these departures, preferably on the scale of a single nanoparticle, are needed. Here we investigate the potential of single-particle photothermal microscopy for measuring the thermal properties of nanoparticle-supported, layer-by-layer grown polyelectrolytes. We show that nanometer changes in adlayer thickness can be detected this way, and the water content of the nanoparticle-supported adlayers can be estimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sohl Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - James McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Irina B Tsvetkova
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Devadas MS, Devkota T, Johns P, Li Z, Lo SS, Yu K, Huang L, Hartland GV. Imaging nano-objects by linear and nonlinear optical absorption microscopies. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:354001. [PMID: 26266335 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/35/354001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Absorption based microscopy measurements are emerging as important tools for studying nanomaterials. This review discusses the three most common techniques for performing these experiments: transient absorption microscopy, photothermal heterodyne imaging, and spatial modulation spectroscopy. The focus is on the application of these techniques to imaging and detection, using examples taken from the authors' laboratory. The advantages and disadvantages of the three methods are discussed, with an emphasis on the unique information that can be obtained from these experiments, in comparison to conventional emission or scattering based microscopy experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sajini Devadas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nogaj LJ, Smyder JA, Leach KE, Tu X, Zheng M, Krauss TD. Bright Fraction of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes through Correlated Fluorescence and Topography Measurements. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2816-2821. [PMID: 26266867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Correlated measurements of fluorescence and topography were performed for individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on quartz using epifluorescence confocal microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surprisingly, only ~11% of all SWNTs in DNA-wrapped samples were found to be highly emissive on quartz, suggesting that the ensemble fluorescence quantum yield is low because only a small population of SWNTs fluoresces strongly. Qualitatively similar conclusions were obtained from control studies using a sodium cholate surfactant system. To accommodate AFM measurements, excess surfactant was removed from the substrate. Though individual SWNTs on nonrinsed and rinsed surfaces displayed differences in fluorescence intensities and line widths, arising from the influence of the local environment on individual SWNT optical measurements, photoluminescence data from both samples displayed consistent trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaomin Tu
- §National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Ming Zheng
- §National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Devadas MS, Devkota T, Guha S, Shaw SK, Smith BD, Hartland GV. Spatial modulation spectroscopy for imaging and quantitative analysis of single dye-doped organic nanoparticles inside cells. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:9779-9785. [PMID: 25964049 PMCID: PMC4465101 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Imaging of non-fluorescent nanoparticles in complex biological environments, such as the cell cytosol, is a challenging problem. For metal nanoparticles, Rayleigh scattering methods can be used, but for organic nanoparticles, such as dye-doped polymer beads or lipid nanoparticles, light scattering does not provide good contrast. In this paper, spatial modulation spectroscopy (SMS) is used to image single organic nanoparticles doped with non-fluorescent, near-IR croconaine dye. SMS is a quantitative imaging technique that yields the absolute extinction cross-section of the nanoparticles, which can be used to determine the number of dye molecules per particle. SMS images were recorded for particles within EMT-6 breast cancer cells. The measurements allowed mapping of the nanoparticle location and the amount of dye in a single cell. The results demonstrate how SMS can facilitate efforts to optimize dye-doped nanoparticles for effective photothermal therapy of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sajini Devadas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yorulmaz M, Nizzero S, Hoggard A, Wang LY, Cai YY, Su MN, Chang WS, Link S. Single-particle absorption spectroscopy by photothermal contrast. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:3041-7. [PMID: 25849105 DOI: 10.1021/nl504992h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Removing effects of sample heterogeneity through single-molecule and single-particle techniques has advanced many fields. While background free luminescence and scattering spectroscopy is widely used, recording the absorption spectrum only is rather difficult. Here we present an approach capable of recording pure absorption spectra of individual nanostructures. We demonstrate the implementation of single-particle absorption spectroscopy on strongly scattering plasmonic nanoparticles by combining photothermal microscopy with a supercontinuum laser and an innovative calibration procedure that accounts for chromatic aberrations and wavelength-dependent excitation powers. Comparison of the absorption spectra to the scattering spectra of the same individual gold nanoparticles reveals the blueshift of the absorption spectra, as predicted by Mie theory but previously not detectable in extinction measurements that measure the sum of absorption and scattering. By covering a wavelength range of 300 nm, we are furthermore able to record absorption spectra of single gold nanorods with different aspect ratios. We find that the spectral shift between absorption and scattering for the longitudinal plasmon resonance decreases as a function of nanorod aspect ratio, which is in agreement with simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yorulmaz
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sara Nizzero
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anneli Hoggard
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Lin-Yung Wang
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Yi-Yu Cai
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Man-Nung Su
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Wei-Shun Chang
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Graduate Program, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cesbron Y, Shaheen U, Free P, Lévy R. TAT and HA2 facilitate cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles but do not lead to cytosolic localisation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121683. [PMID: 25836335 PMCID: PMC4383524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods currently available to deliver functional labels and drugs to the cell cytosol are inefficient and this constitutes a major obstacle to cell biology (delivery of sensors and imaging probes) and therapy (drug access to the cell internal machinery). As cell membranes are impermeable to most molecular cargos, viral peptides have been used to bolster their internalisation through endocytosis and help their release to the cytosol by bursting the endosomal vesicles. However, conflicting results have been reported on the extent of the cytosolic delivery achieved. To evaluate their potential, we used gold nanoparticles as model cargos and systematically assessed how the functionalisation of their surface by either or both of the viral peptides TAT and HA2 influenced their intracellular delivery. We evaluated the number of gold nanoparticles present in cells after internalisation using photothermal microscopy and their subcellular localisation by electron microscopy. While their uptake increased when the TAT and/or HA2 viral peptides were present on their surface, we did not observe a significant cytosolic delivery of the gold nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Cesbron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - Umbreen Shaheen
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Free
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 3 Research Link, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raphaël Lévy
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Proskurnin MA, Volkov DS, Gor’kova TA, Bendrysheva SN, Smirnova AP, Nedosekin DA. Advances in thermal lens spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
39
|
Mertiri A, Altug H, Hong MK, Mehta P, Mertz J, Ziegler L, Erramilli S. Nonlinear Midinfrared Photothermal Spectroscopy Using Zharov Splitting and Quantum Cascade Lasers. ACS PHOTONICS 2014; 1:696-702. [PMID: 25541620 PMCID: PMC4270413 DOI: 10.1021/ph500114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on the mid-infrared nonlinear photothermal spectrum of the neat liquid crystal 4-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) using a tunable Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL). The nonequilibrium steady state characterized by the nonlinear photothermal infrared response undergoes a supercritical bifurcation. The bifurcation, observed in heterodyne two-color pump-probe detection, leads to ultrasharp nonlinear infrared spectra similar to those reported in the visible region. A systematic study of the peak splitting as a function of absorbed infrared power shows the bifurcation has a critical exponent of 0.5. The observation of an apparently universal critical exponent in a nonequilibrium state is explained using an analytical model analogous of mean field theory. Apart from the intrinsic interest for nonequilibrium studies, nonlinear photothermal methods lead to a dramatic narrowing of spectral lines, giving rise to a potential new contrast mechanism for the rapidly emerging new field of mid-infrared microspectroscopy using QCLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alket Mertiri
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hatice Altug
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of BioEngineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale
De Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Mi K. Hong
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jerome Mertz
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lawrence
D. Ziegler
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Shyamsunder Erramilli
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Dynes JJ, Korber DR, Hitchcock AP. Soft X-ray spectromicroscopy for speciation, quantitation and nano-eco-toxicology of nanomaterials. J Microsc 2014; 261:130-47. [PMID: 25088794 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical need for methods that provide simultaneous detection, identification, quantitation and visualization of nanomaterials at their interface with biological and environmental systems. The approach should allow speciation as well as elemental analysis. Using the intrinsic X-ray absorption properties, soft X-ray scanning transmission X-ray spectromicroscopy (STXM) allows characterization and imaging of a broad range of nanomaterials, including metals, oxides and organic materials, and at the same time is able to provide detailed mapping of biological components. Thus, STXM offers considerable potential for application to research on nanomaterials in biology and the environment. The potential and limitations of STXM in this context are discussed using a range of examples, focusing on the interaction of nanomaterials with microbial cells, biofilms and extracellular polymers. The studies outlined include speciation and mapping of metal-containing nanomaterials (Ti, Ni, Cu) and carbon-based nanomaterials (multiwalled carbon nanotubes, C60 fullerene). The benefits of X-ray fluorescence detection in soft X-ray STXM are illustrated with a study of low levels of Ni in a natural river biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J J Dynes
- Canadian Light Source Inc, University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada
| | - D R Korber
- Food and Bioproducts Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - A P Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Heylman KD, Knapper KA, Goldsmith RH. Photothermal Microscopy of Nonluminescent Single Particles Enabled by Optical Microresonators. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:1917-23. [PMID: 26273873 DOI: 10.1021/jz500781g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A powerful new paradigm for single-particle microscopy on nonluminescent targets is reported using ultrahigh-quality factor optical microresonators as the critical detecting element. The approach is photothermal in nature as the microresonators are used to detect heat dissipated from individual photoexcited nano-objects. The method potentially satisfies an outstanding need for single-particle microscopy on nonluminescent objects of increasingly smaller absorption cross section. Simultaneously, our approach couples the sensitivity of label-free detection using optical microresonators with a means of deriving chemical information on the target species, a significant benefit. As a demonstration, individual nonphotoluminescent multiwalled carbon nanotubes are spatially mapped, and the per-atom absorption cross section is determined. Finite-element simulations are employed to model the relevant thermal processes and elucidate the sensing mechanism. Finally, a direct pathway to the extension of this new technique to molecules is laid out, leading to a potent new method of performing measurements on individual molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Heylman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kassandra A Knapper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Randall H Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu K, Hong X, Choi S, Jin C, Capaz RB, Kim J, Wang W, Bai X, Louie SG, Wang E, Wang F. Systematic determination of absolute absorption cross-section of individual carbon nanotubes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:7564-9. [PMID: 24821815 PMCID: PMC4040614 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318851111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical absorption is the most fundamental optical property characterizing light-matter interactions in materials and can be most readily compared with theoretical predictions. However, determination of optical absorption cross-section of individual nanostructures is experimentally challenging due to the small extinction signal using conventional transmission measurements. Recently, dramatic increase of optical contrast from individual carbon nanotubes has been successfully achieved with a polarization-based homodyne microscope, where the scattered light wave from the nanostructure interferes with the optimized reference signal (the reflected/transmitted light). Here we demonstrate high-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy for individual single-walled carbon nanotubes by combining the polarization-based homodyne technique with broadband supercontinuum excitation in transmission configuration. To our knowledge, this is the first time that high-throughput and quantitative determination of nanotube absorption cross-section over broad spectral range at the single-tube level was performed for more than 50 individual chirality-defined single-walled nanotubes. Our data reveal chirality-dependent behaviors of exciton resonances in carbon nanotubes, where the exciton oscillator strength exhibits a universal scaling law with the nanotube diameter and the transition order. The exciton linewidth (characterizing the exciton lifetime) varies strongly in different nanotubes, and on average it increases linearly with the transition energy. In addition, we establish an empirical formula by extrapolating our data to predict the absorption cross-section spectrum for any given nanotube. The quantitative information of absorption cross-section in a broad spectral range and all nanotube species not only provides new insight into the unique photophysics in one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, but also enables absolute determination of optical quantum efficiencies in important photoluminescence and photovoltaic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Liu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoping Hong
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Sangkook Choi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Chenhao Jin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Rodrigo B Capaz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Steven G Louie
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Enge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; and
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Vermeulen P, Cognet L, Lounis B. Photothermal microscopy: optical detection of small absorbers in scattering environments. J Microsc 2014; 254:115-21. [PMID: 24749905 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal microscopy enables detection of nanometer-sized objects solely based on their absorption. This technique allows efficient observation of various nano-objects in scattering media notably gold nanoparticles in cells. The extreme sensitivity of the method and the stability of the signals open numerous applications in spectroscopy, analytical chemistry and bioimaging. This review briefly describes the principle and the main characteristics of photothermal microscopy, with its major advantages and limitations, and exposes the principal applications that have been carried out since its first implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Vermeulen
- University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France; Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bosch S, Zeininger L, Hauke F, Hirsch A. A supramolecular approach for the facile solubilization and separation of covalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chemistry 2014; 20:2537-41. [PMID: 24481923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Through a combination of an electronic-type selective diazonium-based attachment of a Hamilton receptor unit onto the carbon nanotube framework and a supramolecular recognition approach of a cyanuric acid derivative, we herein introduce a highly promising strategy for the tuning of carbon nanotube solubility and, directly related to that, a solution-based easy and straightforward separation of covalently functionalized carbon nanotube derivatives with respect to their unfunctionalized counterparts. The supramolecular complexation of the cyanuric acid derivative provides the driving force for the dramatically increased dispersibility and for the long-time stability of the individualized single-walled carbon nanotube derivatives in chloroform. The selective covalent functionalization of metallic carbon nanotubes can easily be analyzed with the aid of scanning Raman microscopy techniques. The functional derivatives have furthermore been characterized by UV/Vis-NIR and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as by mass spectrometric coupled thermogravimetric analysis. The investigation of the supramolecular complexation is based on an in-depth UV/Vis-NIR analysis and atomic force microscopy investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bosch
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), 90762 Fuerth (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-85-26-864; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen (Germany)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Graham MW. Carbon nanotubes: Captured on camera. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 8:894-895. [PMID: 24213279 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matt W Graham
- Department of Physics of Oregon State University, 301 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu K, Hong X, Zhou Q, Jin C, Li J, Zhou W, Liu J, Wang E, Zettl A, Wang F. High-throughput optical imaging and spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes in devices. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 8:917-22. [PMID: 24213280 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes are uniquely identified by a pair of chirality indices (n,m), which dictate the physical structures and electronic properties of each species. Carbon nanotube research is currently facing two outstanding challenges: achieving chirality-controlled growth and understanding chirality-dependent device physics. Addressing these challenges requires, respectively, high-throughput determination of the nanotube chirality distribution on growth substrates and in situ characterization of the nanotube electronic structure in operating devices. Direct optical imaging and spectroscopy techniques are well suited for both goals, but their implementation at the single nanotube level has remained a challenge due to the small nanotube signal and unavoidable environment background. Here, we report high-throughput real-time optical imaging and broadband in situ spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes on various substrates and in field-effect transistor devices using polarization-based microscopy combined with supercontinuum laser illumination. Our technique enables the complete chirality profiling of hundreds of individual carbon nanotubes, both semiconducting and metallic, on a growth substrate. In devices, we observe that high-order nanotube optical resonances are dramatically broadened by electrostatic doping, an unexpected behaviour that points to strong interband electron-electron scattering processes that could dominate ultrafast dynamics of excited states in carbon nanotubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Liu
- 1] Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2]
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Motavas S, Ivanov A, Nojeh A. The curvature of the nanotube sidewall and its effect on the electronic and optical properties of zigzag nanotubes. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Zanganeh S, Li H, Kumavor PD, Alqasemi U, Aguirre A, Mohammad I, Stanford C, Smith MB, Zhu Q. Photoacoustic imaging enhanced by indocyanine green-conjugated single-wall carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:096006. [PMID: 24002193 PMCID: PMC3759855 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.9.096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A photoacoustic contrast agent that is based on bis-carboxylic acid derivative of indocyanine green (ICG) covalently conjugated to single-wall carbon nanotubes (ICG/SWCNT) is presented. Covalently attaching ICG to the functionalized SWCNT provides a more robust system that delivers much more ICG to the tumor site. The detection sensitivity of the new contrast agent in a mouse tumor model is demonstrated in vivo by our custom-built photoacoustic imaging system. The summation of the photoacoustic tomography (PAT) beam envelope, referred to as the "PAT summation," is used to demonstrate the postinjection light absorption of tumor areas in ICG- and ICG/SWCNT-injected mice. It is shown that ICG is able to provide 33% enhancement at approximately 20 min peak response time with reference to the preinjection PAT level, while ICG/SWCNT provides 128% enhancement at 80 min and even higher enhancement of 196% at the end point of experiments (120 min on average). Additionally, the ICG/SWCNT enhancement was mainly observed at the tumor periphery, which was confirmed by fluorescence images of the tumor samples. This feature is highly valuable in guiding surgeons to assess tumor boundaries and dimensions in vivo and to achieve clean tumor margins to improve surgical resection of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Zanganeh
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Hai Li
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Patrick D. Kumavor
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Umar Alqasemi
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Andres Aguirre
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Innus Mohammad
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Courtney Stanford
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Michael B. Smith
- University of Connecticut, Department of Chemistry, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Quing Zhu
- University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Address all correspondence to: Quing Zhu, University of Connecticut, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269. Tel: 860-486-5523; Fax: 860-486-2447; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Oudjedi L, Parra-Vasquez ANG, Godin AG, Cognet L, Lounis B. Metrological Investigation of the (6,5) Carbon Nanotube Absorption Cross Section. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1460-4. [PMID: 26282299 DOI: 10.1021/jz4003372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Using single-nanotube absorption microscopy, we measured the absorption cross section of (6,5) carbon nanotubes at their second-order optical transition. We obtained a value of 3.2 × 10(-17) cm(2)/C atom with a precision of 15% and an accuracy below 20%. This constitutes the first metrological investigation of the absorption cross section of chirality-identified nanotubes. Correlative absorption-luminescence microscopies performed on long nanotubes reveal a direct manifestation of exciton diffusion in the nanotube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Oudjedi
- †University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | | | | | - Brahim Lounis
- †University of Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hároz EH, Duque JG, Tu X, Zheng M, Hight Walker AR, Hauge RH, Doorn SK, Kono J. Fundamental optical processes in armchair carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:1411-39. [PMID: 23340668 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32769d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-wall carbon nanotubes provide ideal model one-dimensional (1-D) condensed matter systems in which to address fundamental questions in many-body physics, while, at the same time, they are leading candidates for building blocks in nanoscale optoelectronic circuits. Much attention has been recently paid to their optical properties, arising from 1-D excitons and phonons, which have been revealed via photoluminescence, Raman scattering, and ultrafast optical spectroscopy of semiconducting carbon nanotubes. On the other hand, dynamical properties of metallic nanotubes have been poorly explored, although they are expected to provide a novel setting for the study of electron-hole pairs in the presence of degenerate 1-D electrons. In particular, (n,n)-chirality, or armchair, metallic nanotubes are truly gapless with massless carriers, ideally suited for dynamical studies of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids. Unfortunately, progress towards such studies has been slowed by the inherent problem of nanotube synthesis whereby both semiconducting and metallic nanotubes are produced. Here, we use post-synthesis separation methods based on density gradient ultracentrifugation and DNA-based ion-exchange chromatography to produce aqueous suspensions strongly enriched in armchair nanotubes. Through resonant Raman spectroscopy of the radial breathing mode phonons, we provide macroscopic and unambiguous evidence that density gradient ultracentrifugation can enrich ensemble samples in armchair nanotubes. Furthermore, using conventional, optical absorption spectroscopy in the near-infrared and visible range, we show that interband absorption in armchair nanotubes is strongly excitonic. Lastly, by examining the G-band mode in Raman spectra, we determine that observation of the broad, lower frequency (G(-)) feature is a result of resonance with non-armchair "metallic" nanotubes. These findings regarding the fundamental optical absorption and scattering processes in metallic carbon nanotubes lay the foundation for further spectroscopic studies to probe many-body physical phenomena in one dimension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik H Hároz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS-378, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|