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Kılınç E, Çiçek B. COVID again? Health workers' burnout and turnover intentions: possible impacts of coronavirus-induced anxiety and first-level servant leaders. Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2024; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 38860850 DOI: 10.1108/lhs-10-2023-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Building on social exchange and leader-member exchange theories, this paper aims to propose a model of the impact of coronavirus-induced anxiety on health-care professionals' burnout and turnover intention through the mediation role of servant leadership. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This model was examined by adopting partial least square-based structural equation modeling using data collected from 271 health professionals (doctors, nurses, midwives and analysts) from Turkey. FINDINGS The findings of the research illustrate that coronavirus-induced anxiety is positively associated with burnout and turnover intention. Furthermore, servant leadership mediates the relationship between coronavirus-induced anxiety, burnout and turnover intention. Yet, according to factor loadings, the mediating role of servant leadership is not strong (β : 0.035 and 0.053, respectively). RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS First, this study targeted the health-care professionals from Turkey. Therefore, this population may not be able to provide general information on the topic. Thus, this study suggests that the subject be addressed in other populations as well. Second, the data were self-reported by the participants. Although common method bias and social desirability bias were not an issue in this study, it should be known that the results are based on the subjective judgments of the participants. Third, this study was limited to investigating the mediating role of servant leadership only. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study gives much beneficial information to both administrators and organizations by mirroring highly stressed workers' inside throughout statistically results. Hence, it is assumed that the findings will help leaders to cope with several difficult situations, especially in crisis moments. As the chaotic circumstances occurred, achieving organizational goals became more and more difficult. To do this, some leaders play critical roles for members like servant leaders by contributing uniquely spiritual dimensions. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS Struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated the health-care professionals' existing mental health and has loaded more agitation on them. According to Mozes (2021), suicide cases among nurses have doubled the number of women in the general population. Thus, leaders should do something to lower those ratios. This study points out that servant leaders could break down those unwanted issues by decreasing burnout and turnover intention rates of health workers. Barbuto and Wheeler (2006) highlighted this situation by creating a dimension called "The Natural Desire to Serve Others." ORIGINALITY/VALUE To the best of the authors' knowledge, to date, this study is the first to examine the mediating role of servant leadership in the effect of coronavirus-induced anxiety on burnout and turnover intention. Furthermore, this research reveals that servant leadership may play a role in avoiding burnout and turnover intention in the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Kılınç
- Department of Rail Systems Management, Ulukışla Vocational School, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Berat Çiçek
- Department of Aviation Management, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Turkey
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Mårtensson G, Johansson F, Buhrman M, Åhs F, Clason van de Leur J. A network analysis of exhaustion disorder symptoms throughout treatment. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:389. [PMID: 38783205 PMCID: PMC11112805 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-induced Exhaustion Disorder (ED) is associated with work absenteeism and adverse health outcomes. Currently, little is known regarding how the symptoms of ED are interrelated and whether the patterns of symptoms influence treatment outcomes. To this end, the current study applied network analyses on ED patients participating in a multimodal intervention. METHODS The first aim of the study was to explore the internal relationships between exhaustion symptoms and identify symptoms that were more closely related than others. A second aim was to examine whether the baseline symptom network of non-responders to treatment was more closely connected than the baseline symptom networks of responders, by comparing the sum of all absolute partial correlations in the respective groups' symptom network. This comparison was made based on the hypothesis that a more closely connected symptom network before treatment could indicate poorer treatment outcomes. Network models were constructed based on self-rated ED symptoms in a large sample of patients (n = 915) participating in a 24-week multimodal treatment program with a 12-month follow-up. RESULTS The internal relations between self-rated exhaustion symptoms were stable over time despite markedly decreased symptom levels throughout participation in treatment. Symptoms of limited mental stamina and negative emotional reactions to demands were consistently found to be the most closely related to other ED symptoms. Meanwhile, sleep quality and irritability were weakly related to other exhaustion symptoms. The symptom network for the full sample became significantly more closely connected from baseline to the end of treatment and 12-month follow-up. The symptom network of non-responders to treatment was not found to be more closely connected than the symptom network of responders at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study suggest symptoms of limited mental stamina and negative emotional reactions to demands are central ED symptoms throughout treatment, while symptoms of irritability and sleep quality seem to have a weak relation to other symptoms of ED. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the conceptualization, assessment, and treatment of ED. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov 2017-12-02 (Identifier: NCT03360136).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Mårtensson
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Box 1225, Uppsala, 751 42, Sweden.
| | - Fred Johansson
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Valhallavägen 91, Stockholm, SE-114 28, Sweden
| | - Monica Buhrman
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Box 1225, Uppsala, 751 42, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Åhs
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapens väg 1, Östersund, SE-831 40, Sweden
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Al Alawi M, Al Ghailani A. Understanding physician burnout in Oman: current status, cultural influences and future directions. BJPsych Int 2024; 21:38-39. [PMID: 38693953 PMCID: PMC11035967 DOI: 10.1192/bji.2024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst the current global surge in physician burnout, a compelling need arises for precisely targeted research and interventions that cater to specific contexts, illuminating a path towards professional well-being. This brief communication analyses recent studies on physician burnout in Oman, critically evaluating the findings, cultural factors, methodological limitations and future growth opportunities. Distinct elements of Omani culture, encompassing attitudes towards mental illness, gender roles and patient expectations, can distinctly influence how burnout presents in this population. Advanced mixed-methods research integrating cultural insights, biomarkers and longitudinal tracking is needed to characterise burnout in Omani physicians. The findings can play a significant role in developing comprehensive interventions, at both a systemic and an individual level, that promote well-being of physicians while specifically aligning with the cultural values of Oman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al Alawi
- MD, MRCPsych, Consultant Liaison Psychiatrist, Department of Behavioral Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-khod, Oman
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Migdanis A, Tsolis K, Migdanis I, Kaltsa AG, Fytsilis FA, Manouras A, Androutsos O, Kapsoritakis A. The Effect of Shift Working on Dietary Patterns of Healthcare Practitioners during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:627. [PMID: 38674273 PMCID: PMC11051816 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Health professionals' working schedules often do not allow them to follow a balanced way of life, and the nature of their work can affect their weight and eating habits. The aim of the present study is to shed some light on the impact of night shift working on the dietary practices of healthcare practitioners in Greece. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. With the use of an administered questionnaire several parameters were assessed, including anthropometric characteristics, weight history, as well as nutritional habits of the same group of participants during night shifts and when at regular working hours. Moreover, nutritional beliefs of the subjects were recorded, as well as the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results: It was observed that in all food groups, including water, used to compare the nutritional patterns of the participants during night shifts and when working regular hours, statistical differences were noted (p = 0.001). Furthermore, the participants who reported a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported healthier nutritional habits, had a statistically lower weight compared to the participants that rarely followed the specific model or reported unhealthier eating routine (p = 0.010 and p = 0.015, respectively). Conclusions: We conclude that shift-working healthcare professionals are associated with disturbed eating behaviours leading to the high consumption of unhealthy food. The implementation of interventions that will concentrate on educating health workers on balanced nutrition and improving physical environment (i.e., food availability, healthier food choices) seems to be of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsolis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Agoritsa G. Kaltsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Fotios A. Fytsilis
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Athanasios Manouras
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
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Tipwong A, Hall NC, Snell L, Chamnan P, Moreno M, Harley JM. Clinical teaching self-efficacy positively predicts professional fulfillment and negatively predicts burnout amongst Thai physicians: a cross-sectional survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:361. [PMID: 38566108 PMCID: PMC10988928 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinician teachers (physicians who teach in clinical settings) experience considerable psychological challenges in providing both educational training and patient care. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of physician burnout and professional fulfillment, and to identify internal and external factors associated with mental health outcomes among Thai clinician teachers working in non-university teaching hospitals. METHOD A one-time online questionnaire was completed by physicians at 37 governmental, non-university teaching hospitals in Thailand, with 227 respondents being assessed in the main analyses. Four outcomes were evaluated including burnout, professional fulfillment, quality of life, and intentions to quit. RESULTS The observed prevalence of professional fulfillment was 20%, and burnout was 30.7%. Hierarchical regression analysis showed a significant internal, psychological predictor (clinical teaching self-efficacy) and external, structural predictors (multiple roles at work, teaching support), controlling for the background variables of gender, years of teaching experience, family roles, and active chronic disease, with clinical teaching self-efficacy positively predicting professional fulfillment (b = 0.29, p ≤.001) and negatively predicting burnout (b = - 0.21, p =.003). CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the importance of faculty development initiatives to enhance clinical teaching self-efficacy and promote mental health among Thai physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunee Tipwong
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Social Medicine, Surat Thani Hospital, Surat Thani, SNI, Thailand
| | - Nathan C Hall
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Linda Snell
- Institute of Health Sciences Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Parinya Chamnan
- Office of the Collaborative Project to Increase Production of Rural Doctor (CPIRD), Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, NBI, Thailand
| | - Matthew Moreno
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jason M Harley
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Institute of Health Sciences Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Hohneck A, Reyser C, Usselmann R, Heinemann L, Weingaertner S, Reckling H, Schumacher G, Burkholder I, Merx K, Hofmann WK, Hofheinz RD. Hemodynamic and Stress Response After Sound Intervention with Different Headphone Systems: A Double-Blind Randomized Study in Healthy Volunteers Working in the Health Care Sector. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:360-370. [PMID: 37819750 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Two headphone systems using different sound systems were compared to investigate the effects of a sound intervention on cardiovascular parameters, indicators of stress, and subjective feelings. Methods: One hundred volunteers who work in the health care sector reporting elevated workplace-related stress were enrolled and randomized to a 12-min sound intervention (classical music) with either conventional headphones ("MEZE 99 Classic") or with the same-but internally modified-headphone (called "Lautsaenger"). Cardiovascular parameters were measured with the VascAssist2.0, both before and after sound interventions. In addition, participants were asked to complete questionnaires on burnout risk and emotions/stress. Results: The study population consisted mainly of female participants (n = 83), with the majority being students (42%). Median age was 32.5 years (range 21-71). In terms of cardiovascular parameters, a significant reduction in aortic pulse wave velocity, as measure of arterial stiffness, and heart rate was observed within both treatment arms. Both systolic blood pressure and arterial flow resistance were reduced by sound intervention, while these effects were only documented with Lautsaenger. Treatment groups were comparable in terms of subjective feedback by participants: a significant increase in emotional wellbeing was achieved with both headphone systems. Conclusions: A single short-term sound intervention seems to be able to achieve objective cardiovascular improvements in healthy volunteers reporting subjective symptoms of workplace-related stress, using two different headphone systems. Moreover, significant emotional improvement was reported within both arms. Trial Registration: ISRCTN registry 70947363, date of registration August 13, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hohneck
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Hemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christina Reyser
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rimma Usselmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lara Heinemann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simone Weingaertner
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hardy Reckling
- Corporate Health Management, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Iris Burkholder
- Department of Nursing and Health, University of Applied Sciences of the Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Kirsten Merx
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Hu Z, Cao X, Jing P, Zhang B, Shi Y, Siegrist J, Li J, Zhang M. Work stress and changes in heart rate variability among employees after first acute coronary syndrome: a hospital-based longitudinal cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1336065. [PMID: 38601505 PMCID: PMC11005455 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1336065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Work stress is considered as a risk factor for coronary heart disease, but its link with heart rate variability (HRV) among heart attack survivors is unknown yet. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between baseline work stress and the changes of HRV over one-year after onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Hundred and twenty-two patients with regular paid work before their first ACS episode were recruited into this hospital-based longitudinal cohort study. During hospitalization (baseline), all patients underwent assessments of work stress by job strain (JS) and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) models, and were assigned into low or high groups; simultaneously, sociodemographic and clinical data, as well depression, anxiety, and job burnout, were collected. Patients were followed up 1, 6, and 12 months after discharge, with HRV measurements at baseline and each follow-up point. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the effects of baseline work stress on HRV over the following 1 year. Results After adjusting for baseline characteristics and clinical data, anxiety, depression, and burnout scores, high JS was not associated with any HRV measures during follow-up (all p > 0.10), whereas high ERI was significantly related to slower recovery of 5 frequency domain HRV measures (TP, HF, LF, VLF, and ULF) (all p < 0.001), and marginally associated with one time domain measure (SDNN) (p = 0.069). When mutually adjusting for both work stress models, results of ERI remained nearly unchanged. Conclusion Work stress in terms of ERI predicted lower HRV during the one-year period after ACS, especially frequency domain measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Hu
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Pan Jing
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bangying Zhang
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jian Li
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Ghahramani S, Chkonia E. Editorial: Practical interventions to tackle burnout in healthcare staff. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1385206. [PMID: 38476617 PMCID: PMC10927988 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1385206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sulmaz Ghahramani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eka Chkonia
- Department of Psychiatry, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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John A, Bouillon-Minois JB, Bagheri R, Pélissier C, Charbotel B, Llorca PM, Zak M, Ugbolue UC, Baker JS, Dutheil F. The influence of burnout on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1326745. [PMID: 38439796 PMCID: PMC10909938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1326745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout is a public health problem with various health consequences, among which cardiovascular disease is the most investigated but still under debate. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the influence of burnout on cardiovascular disease. Methods Studies reporting risk (odds ratio, relative risk, and hazard ratio) of cardiovascular disease following burnout were searched in PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Embase, and ScienceDirect. We performed a random-effect meta-analysis stratified by type of cardiovascular disease and searched for putative influencing variables. We performed sensitivity analyses using the most adjusted models and crude risks. Results We included 25 studies in the systematic review and 9 studies in the meta-analysis (4 cross-sectional, 4 cohort, and 1 case-control study) for a total of 26,916 participants. Burnout increased the risk of cardiovascular disease by 21% (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.39) using the most adjusted risks and by 27% (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.43) using crude risks. Using stratification by type of cardiovascular disease and the most adjusted risks, having experienced burnout significantly increased the risk of prehypertension by 85% (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.70) and cardiovascular disease-related hospitalization by 10% (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.18), whereas the risk increase for coronary heart disease (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.79) and myocardial infarction (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.71) was not significant. Results were also similar using crude odds ratio. The risk of cardiovascular disease after a burnout was not influenced by gender. Insufficient data precluded other meta-regressions. Conclusions Burnout seems to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, despite the few retrieved studies and a causality weakened by cross-sectional studies. However, numerous studies focused on the pathophysiology of cardiovascular risk linked to burnout, which may help to build a preventive strategy in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awena John
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Carole Pélissier
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, IFSTTAR, Université Lyon 1, UMRESTTE, CHU Saint-Etienne, Occupational Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Barbara Charbotel
- Université Lyon 1, UMRESTTE, CHU Lyon, Occupational Medicine, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Psychiatry, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marek Zak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Ukadike C. Ugbolue
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, South Lanarkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frederic Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Cler-mont-Ferrand, Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Miaary Z, Kalichman L, Ezra D, Moshe S, Alperovitch-Najenson D. Physical and psychosocial work demands associated with pain and disability among skilled male Arab waiters. Work 2024; 78:369-379. [PMID: 38143401 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical and psychosocial demands (e.g., serving, cleaning, fulfilling orders) can lead to work-related musculoskeletal pain (WRMSP). OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of WRMSP in the upper quadrant and lower back among skilled male Arab waiters; to evaluate the disability related to WRMSP; to evaluate the association between work demands and WRMSP with related disability. METHODS 100 skilled male Arab waiters working full-time, aged 18-60, participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants completed basic demographics and working conditions; the NDI; QuickDASH; the OswestryQ; workload, burnout, and job satisfaction at work; the adjusted NordicQ; and the TaskQ, compiled especially for this study. RESULTS A 12-month pain prevalence, pain frequency, and work avoidance were high: neck- 42%, 60.5%, 89.5%; shoulders -53%, 78.2%, 94.4%; elbows- 46%, 78.6%, 83.3%; lower back- 45%, 44%, 78.7%, respectively. Pain prevalence in at least one site was 83%. The OswestryQ, QuickDASH, and NDI revealed mild-moderate pain and disability (14.85/50, 25.54/75, 13.74/50, respectively). Burnout score was positively associated with OswestryQ, QuickDASH, and NDI. Job satisfaction was negatively associated with 12 months of pain in the lower back, hands, arms, shoulders, and hands (NordicQ). TaskQ was positively associated with OswestryQ. CONCLUSION Male Arab waiters who work in physically and psychologically challenging conditions report high levels of WRMSP with a high frequency and related work avoidance. Many of them must keep their jobs as they are their families' primary or sole providers. It is possible that they are trying to prevent more severe disabilities in the future by ensuring temporary rest and pain prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuha Miaary
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leonid Kalichman
- Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - David Ezra
- School of Nursing Sciences, Academic College of Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Jaffa, Israel
| | - Shlomo Moshe
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Occupational Medicine Department, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Deborah Alperovitch-Najenson
- Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Belkić K, Rustagi N. Job stressors in relation to burnout and compromised sleep among academic physicians in India. Work 2024; 78:505-525. [PMID: 38189728 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout among physicians, especially in the academic setting, is an urgent concern, with adequate sleep one of the key focal points. OBJECTIVE To identify job stressors contributing to burnout and compromised sleep among academic physicians, using a comprehensive, theory-based instrument, the Occupational Stressor Index (OSI), whose specific form was created 'for physicians by physicians'. METHODS This parallel mixed-methods cross-sectional investigation was conducted among 109 physicians employed in a public teaching hospital, Jodhpur, India. Work conditions were evaluated by the physician-specific OSI (part I). The Copenhagen Burnout Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were the outcome instruments (part II). Seventy-six physicians completed parts I and II. RESULTS The physicians were from wide-ranging specialties, and 82% of the cohort were residents. Mean total OSI scores were 87.4±8.1, with unit-change yielding adjusted odds-ratios (95% confidence-intervals) for personal (1.10 (1.02-1.18)) and work-related burnout (1.12 (1.04-1.22)), and PSQI (1.09 (1.01-1.17)). Significant multivariable associations with burnout and/or sleep indices included: working 7 days/week, lacking work-free vacation, insufficient rest breaks, interruptions, many patients in intensive-care, no separate time for non-clinical duties, pressure to publish, injury/suicide attempts of colleagues/staff, performing pointless tasks. The latter were described as administrative/clerical. Lacking genuine rest breaks was mainly patient-related, further compromised by emergency work and lacking separate time for non-clinical duties. Long workhours and exhausting schedule were cited as most difficult parts of work, while reducing workhours, improving work schedule, and hiring more staff most frequently recommended. CONCLUSION Specific working conditions potentially contributory to burnout and compromised sleep among physicians working in academic medicine are identified using a methodologically-rigorous, in-depth approach. These findings inform evidence-based interventions aimed at preserving physician mental health and work capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Belkić
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, Claremont, CA, USA
- Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neeti Rustagi
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Schneider RH, Travis F, Nader T. Addressing Clinician Burnout: A Unifying Systems Medicine Model with Meditation as a Heart-mind Intervention. HEART AND MIND 2024; 8:5-11. [PMID: 38298475 PMCID: PMC10830140 DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Schneider
- College of Integrative Medicine, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, Iowa, USA
- Institute for Prevention Research, Maharishi International University, Vedic City, Iowa, USA
| | - Fred Travis
- Center for Brain, Consciousness and Cognition, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, Iowa, USA
| | - Tony Nader
- Dr. Tony Nader Institute, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, Iowa, USA
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Seo JJ, Park H, Han JW. The ways to avoid abusive supervision: the moderating effects of the characteristics of supervisors and subordinates on abusive supervision. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38006411 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2283481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Following the recent emphasis on supervisory interactions in abusive supervision, this study explains why and how supervisors' job insecurity and authoritarianism are related to abusive supervision and how subordinates' characteristics, agreeableness and negotiating resistance interact with the effects of supervisors' characteristics. We conducted a field study with 261 supervisor and subordinate dyads in South Korea, and the study findings confirmed that supervisors' authoritarianism is positively related to abusive supervision and that the effect is enhanced when subordinates are highly agreeable and display resistant behaviors. The study contributes to the leadership literature, particularly on abusive supervision and personality. Moreover, our findings have practical implications for employees to manage their work relationships with their supervisors or subordinates.
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Wekenborg MK, Künzel RG, Rothe N, Penz M, Walther A, Kirschbaum C, Thayer JF, Hill LK. Exhaustion and cardiovascular risk factors: the role of vagally-mediated heart rate variability. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 87:S1047-2797(23)00182-5. [PMID: 37748549 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exhaustion symptoms are known to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Autonomic imbalance, as indicated by reductions in vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), appears to be a valid candidate for such a biological link, as it has been associated with both exhaustion symptoms and CVD risk and mortality. METHODS The present study examined a potential mediation of vmHRV on the association between exhaustion symptoms and self-reported CVD risk factors as well as the age dependency of this mediation in a large, heterogeneous sample of the Dresden Burnout Study (N = 388; 72.9% females; Mage = 42.61, SD = 11.67). RESULTS Results indicate that exhaustion symptoms were indirectly associated with CVD risk factors through vmHRV even after adjusting for well-known confounders (i.e., sex, body mass index, depressive symptoms). Moreover, this pattern was significant only among middle-aged (i.e., 54.27 years) and older individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to growing evidence that autonomic imbalance may be a key biological link between exhaustion symptoms and CVD risk in middle-aged and older individuals. Implications for public health are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Wekenborg
- Chair of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Richard G Künzel
- Chair of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Nicole Rothe
- Chair of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Marlene Penz
- Institute of Education and Psychology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
| | - Andreas Walther
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Clemens Kirschbaum
- Chair of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine.
| | - LaBarron K Hill
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro.
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Alsén S, Hadžibajramović E, Jonsdottir IH, Ali L, Fors A. Effectiveness of a person-centred eHealth intervention in reducing symptoms of burnout in patients with common mental disorders - secondary outcome analysis of a randomized controlled trial. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:210. [PMID: 37858032 PMCID: PMC10585814 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of people with common mental disorders (CMDs), especially stress-related disorders, has increased in several countries, including Sweden, during the past decade. Patients seeking care for long-term stress report severe symptoms. Although person-centred care (PCC) has shown several benefits, studies evaluating the effects of a PCC eHealth intervention on patients with CMDs are scarce. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare levels of self-reported symptoms of burnout between a control group receiving treatment as usual (TAU) and an intervention group receiving TAU with the addition of a person-centred eHealth intervention, in patients on sick leave for CMDs. METHODS This study reports analysis of a secondary outcome measure from a randomized controlled trial. Patients (n = 209) on sick leave for CMDs were recruited from nine primary health care centres and allocated to either a control group (n = 107) or an intervention group (n = 102). The intervention consisted of phone support and an interactive digital platform built on PCC principles. Self-reported symptoms of burnout were assessed using the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS Our findings showed changes in SMBQ scores over time in both the control and the intervention group. There was no significant difference in SMBQ scores between the groups; however, a difference in change over time between the groups was observed. The SMBQ scores decreased significantly more in the intervention group than in the controls between 0 and 3 months and between 0 and 6 months. No differences in change between the two groups were seen between the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. CONCLUSION This person-centred eHealth intervention for patients on sick leave for CMDs showed a slight initial effect in reducing symptoms of burnout. Taking into account that both groups reported comparable SMBQ scores throughout the study period, the overall effect may be considered limited. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT03404583). Date of registration: 19/01/2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03404583 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alsén
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 457, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden.
- Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Emina Hadžibajramović
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingibjörg H Jonsdottir
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lilas Ali
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 457, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
- Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychiatric Department, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Fors
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 457, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
- Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Research, Education, Development and Innovation, Primary Health Care, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Jung S, Shin YC, Lee MY, Oh KS, Shin DW, Kim ES, Kim MK, Jeon SW, Cho SJ. Occupational stress and depression of Korean employees: Moderated mediation model of burnout and grit. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:127-135. [PMID: 37437718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated an interpersonal model of development of depressive symptoms in employees, where occupational stress affects burnout, which in turn affects risk for depression, and whether this mediation is moderated by grit. METHODS A total of 11,421 participants, aged 19 to 65 years, who were employees of 18 private companies and local government organizations in Korea were included. They completed questionnaires, including the Korean version of occupational stress scale, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale and Grit scale. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PROCESS macro. RESULTS The association between occupational stress and depressive symptoms was mediated by exhaustion (b = -0.256, 95 % CI [0.244, 0.268]) and disengagement (b = -0.052, 95 % CI [0.039, 0.065]). Moreover, the effect of exhaustion on depressive symptoms was moderated by each grit, with the effect being stronger for employees with low grit (b = 0.939, p < 0.001 for passion and b = 0.629, p < 0.001 for perseverance) than for those with high grit (b = 0.944, p < 0.001 for passion and b = 0.686, p < 0.001 for perseverance). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of the study does not allow causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the understanding of how occupational stress predicts depressive symptoms in the workplace and provide practical implications for preventing burnout and nurturing grit to protect employees' mental health in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sra Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Seob Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA University Ilsan CHA Hospital, CHA University School of Medicine, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Joon Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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von Känel R, Princip M, Holzgang SA, Sivakumar S, Pazhenkottil AP, Gomez Vieito D, Zuccarella-Hackl C. Sympathetic nervous system responses to acute psychosocial stress in male physicians with clinical burnout. Biol Psychol 2023; 183:108687. [PMID: 37716520 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational burnout has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with sympathetic nervous system (SNS) dysfunction as one explanation. This study examined the effects of burnout on responses of SNS activity measures to acute psychosocial stress in male physicians, a population at risk for burnout. METHODS Study participants were 60 male physicians, 30 with clinical burnout, assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and 30 without burnout (controls). All participants underwent the 15-min Trier Social Stress Test. Heart rate, blood pressure, salivary alpha-amylase, and plasma levels of epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine were assessed pre-stress, immediately post-stress, and 15 min and 45 min post-stress. RESULTS Physicians with burnout and controls differed in EPI changes over time, controlling for age, job stress and anxiety symptoms (F (3,147) = 5.18, p = .002 for 'Time by Group' interaction; η2p = .096). Burnout was associated with a smaller increase in EPI from pre-stress to immediately post-stress (r(54) = -.40, p = .004). The emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout was a significant driver of this effect. The area under the curve with respect to increase in EPI was also smaller in the burnout group (F (1,49) = 6.06, p = .017, η2p = .110). Group differences were not significant for the other SNS activity measures. CONCLUSIONS Burnout may be linked to dysfunction of the sympathoadrenal medullary (SAM) system, when exposed to acute psychosocial stress. In keeping with the allostatic load concept, an insufficient SAM stress response in burnout could potentially contribute to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mary Princip
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah A Holzgang
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sinthujan Sivakumar
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aju P Pazhenkottil
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Cardiac Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diego Gomez Vieito
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Zuccarella-Hackl
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ada Manga JP, Desrumaux P, N’dong Nguema W. Workplace Bullying Seen from the Perspective of Bystanders: Effects on Engagement and Burnout, Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Affects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6821. [PMID: 37835092 PMCID: PMC10572833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The first and original aim of this study was to measure the impact of workplace bullying (WB) seen from the perspective of the witnesses (bystanders) on the work engagement and the burnout of these bystanders. The second aim was to test the mediating roles of affects between WB seen from the perspective of bystanders and two resulting variables, bystanders' work engagement and bystanders' burnout. This study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires with WB bystanders (n = 222) from the Cameroonian health sector. The results indicated that positive and negative affects played mediating roles between WB as seen by witnesses and the two resulting variables, burnout and work engagement. This study offers new avenues for intervention on the issue of WB bystanders. In addition to prevention for victims, witnesses experiencing bullying as bystanders in Cameroon must be supported and accompanied by occupational health services, occupational and psychosocial risk prevention workers, psychologists, as well as human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascale Desrumaux
- Psychology Department ULR 4072–PSITEC—Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognitions, Faculty PsySEF, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Willys N’dong Nguema
- Psychology Department ULR 4072–PSITEC—Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognitions, Faculty PsySEF, University Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
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Kottler J, Gingell MJ, Khosla S, Kordzikowski M, Raszewski R, Chestek D, Maki K. Exploring physical and biological manifestations of burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in healthcare workers: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074887. [PMID: 37479518 PMCID: PMC10364163 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the mental and physical well-being of healthcare workers (HCW). Increased work-related stress and limited resources have increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in this population. Stress-related disorders have been strongly associated with long-term consequences, including cardiometabolic disorders, endocrine disorders and premature mortality. This scoping review aims to explore available literature on burnout, PTSD, and other mental health-associated symptoms in HCW to synthesise relationships with physiological and biological biomarkers that may be associated with increased risk of disease, creating an opportunity to summarise current biomarker knowledge and identify gaps in this literature. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review uses the Arksey and O'Malley six-step scoping review methodology framework. The research team will select appropriate primary sources using a search strategy developed in collaboration with a health sciences librarian. Three reviewers will initially screen the title and abstracts obtained from the literature searches, and two reviewers will conduct independent reviews of full-text studies for inclusion. The research team will be reviewing literature focusing on which burnout and/or PTSD-associated physiological and biological biomarkers have been studied, the methodologies used to study them and the correlations between the biomarkers and HCW experiencing burnout/PTSD. Data extraction forms will be completed by two reviewers for included studies and will guide literature synthesis and analysis to determine common themes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This review does not require ethical approval. We expect results from this scoping review to identify gaps in the literature and encourage future research regarding improving biological and physiological biomarker research in HCW. Preliminary results and general themes will be communicated back to stakeholders. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, policy briefs and conferences as well as presented to stakeholders to an effort to invest in HCW mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janey Kottler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Monica J Gingell
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shaveta Khosla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mitchell Kordzikowski
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rebecca Raszewski
- Library of the Health Sciences Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David Chestek
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Katherine Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Steffey MA, Griffon DJ, Risselada M, Buote NJ, Scharf VF, Zamprogno H, Winter AL. A narrative review of the physiology and health effects of burnout associated with veterinarian-pertinent occupational stressors. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1184525. [PMID: 37465277 PMCID: PMC10351608 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1184525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic workplace stress and burnout are serious problems in veterinary medicine. Although not classified as a medical condition, burnout can affect sleep patterns and contributes to chronic low grade systemic inflammation, autonomic imbalance, hormonal imbalances and immunodeficiencies, thereby increasing the risks of physical and psychological ill health in affected individuals. Cultural misconceptions in the profession often lead to perceptions of burnout as a personal failure, ideas that healthcare professionals are somehow at lower risk for suffering, and beliefs that affected individuals can or should somehow heal themselves. However, these concepts are antiquated, harmful and incorrect, preventing the design of appropriate solutions for this serious and growing challenge to the veterinary profession. Veterinarians must first correctly identify the nature of the problem and understand its causes and impacts before rational solutions can be implemented. In this first part of two companion reviews, burnout will be defined, pathophysiology discussed, and healthcare and veterinary-relevant occupational stressors that lead to burnout identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele A. Steffey
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dominique J. Griffon
- Western University of Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Marije Risselada
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Nicole J. Buote
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Valery F. Scharf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Luca RD, Rifici C, Terranova A, Orecchio L, Castorina MV, Torrisi M, Cannavò A, Bramanti A, Bonanno M, Calabrò RS, Cola MCD. Healthcare worker burnout during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: experiences from an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231182664. [PMID: 37486238 PMCID: PMC10369104 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231182664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to investigate the prevalence of behavioral symptoms and burnout in healthcare workers in an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit in Messina, Italy, during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. METHODS Forty-seven healthcare workers (including neurologists, physiatrists, nurses and rehabilitation therapists) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from February 2020 to June 2020. Participants were administered the following psychometric tests to investigate burnout and related symptoms: the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment; the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS); the Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS); the Dyadic Adjustment Scale; and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). RESULTS We found several correlations between test scores and burnout subdimensions. Emotional exhaustion was correlated with SDS (r = 0.67), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.67) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.70) scores, and moderately correlated with all BPAQ dimensions (r = 0.42). Depersonalization was moderately correlated with SDS (r = 0.54), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.53) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.50) scores. CONCLUSION During the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy, healthcare workers were more exposed to physical and mental exhaustion and burnout. Research evaluating organizational and system-level interventions to promote psychological well-being at work for healthcare workers are needed.
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Weintraub J, Nolan KP, Sachdev AR. The Cognitive Control Model of Work-related Flow. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1174152. [PMID: 37384184 PMCID: PMC10293628 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1174152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several models of flow have been proposed that include environmental and trait-based antecedents of the state, elements of cognitive control that enable workers to experience flow and its subsequent outcomes at work have largely been overlooked. This research proposes and provides empirical support for the "Cognitive Control Model of Work-related Flow," which integrates antecedents of flow at work related to the ability to focus concentration of cognitive resources toward experiencing flow at work. Along with flow at work, the model includes the antecedents of grit, flow metacognition, and mindfulness at work and the outcomes of work performance, engagement, and burnout. Findings across three studies (a cross-sectional, a time-lagged, and a one-day experience sampling method study) utilizing MTurk participants provided support for the model, as grit, mindfulness, and flow metacognition predicted flow, and flow predicted subjective performance, engagement, and burnout. Theoretical implications and the potential for developing flow interventions at work are discussed.
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Yang Z, Wang D, Fan Y, Ma Z, Chen X, Zhang Y, Fan F. Relationship between sleep disturbance and burnout among Chinese urban teachers: Moderating roles of resilience. Sleep Med 2023; 108:29-37. [PMID: 37311321 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance and burnout are prevalent among primary and secondary school teachers. Nevertheless, little is known about the relationship between sleep disturbance and burnout, and the mechanisms connecting this link. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between sleep disturbance and burnout among urban teachers, as well as to investigate this influencing mechanism further with resilience as a moderator. METHODS 14,218 primary and secondary school teachers provided valid data. We assessed demographic information, sleep disturbance, burnout, and resilience. Multivariable logistic regression, Spearman correlation, and moderation analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between sleep disturbance and burnout and the moderating role of resilience. RESULTS Of the participants, the prevalence of sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation among teachers was 20.0% and 31.7%, respectively. Additionally, 58.4% of teachers reported moderate or severe burnout, and 15.3% had both sleep disturbance and burnout. Sleep disturbance was significant and positively related to burnout. Resilience was found to moderate the association between sleep disturbance and burnout. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested strong associations between sleep disturbance and burnout. Interventions in improving resilience may protect teachers with sleep disturbance from burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunge Fan
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Palejwala Z, Wallman KE, Maloney S, Landers GJ, Ecker UKH, Fear MW, Wood FM. Higher operating theatre temperature during burn surgery increases physiological heat strain, subjective workload, and fatigue of surgical staff. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286746. [PMID: 37267345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Raising the ambient temperature of the operating theatre is common practice during burn surgeries to maintain the patient's core body temperature; however, the effects of operating in the heat on cognitive performance, manual dexterity, and perceived workload of surgical staff have not been assessed in a real-world context. Therefore, the aim was to assess the real-time impact of heat during burn surgeries on staff's cognitive function, manual dexterity, and perceptual measures (workload, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, perceived exertion, and fatigue) and physiological parameters (core temperature, heart-rate, fluid loss, and dehydration). Ten burn surgery staff members were assessed in CON (24.0±1.1°C, 45±6% relative humidity [RH]) and HOT (30.8±1.6°C, 39±7% RH) burn surgeries (average 150 min duration). Cognitive performance, manual dexterity, and perceptual measures were recorded pre- and post-surgery, while physiological parameters were recorded throughout surgery. HOT conditions did not significantly affect manual dexterity or cognitive function (p > .05), however HOT resulted in heat strain (increased heart-rate, core temperature, and fluid loss: p < .05), and increased subjective workload, discomfort, perceived exertion, and fatigue compared to CON conditions (p < .05). Cognitive function and manual dexterity were maintained in hot conditions, suggesting that operating in approximately 31°C heat is a safe approach for patient treatment. However, job burnout, which is positively correlated with perceived workload, and the impact of cumulative fatigue on the mental health of surgery staff, must be considered in the context of supporting an effective health workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Palejwala
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen E Wallman
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shane Maloney
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Grant J Landers
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ullrich K H Ecker
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, Burn Service of WA South Metropolitan Health Service, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Kottler J, Gingell MJ, Khosla S, Kordzikowski M, Raszewski R, Chestek D, Maki KA. Exploring Physical and Biological Manifestations of Burnout and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Healthcare Workers: A Scoping Review Protocol. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.16.23288657. [PMID: 37205368 PMCID: PMC10187352 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.16.23288657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the mental and physical well-being of healthcare workers (HCW). Increased work-related stress and limited resources has increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in this population. Stress-related disorders have been strongly associated with long-term consequences including cardiometabolic disorders, endocrine disorders and premature mortality. This scoping review aims to explore available literature on burnout, PTSD, and other mental health-associated symptoms in HCW to synthesize relationships with physiological and biological biomarkers that may be associated with increased risk of disease, creating an opportunity to summarize current biomarker knowledge and identify gaps in this literature. Methods and Analysis This scoping review uses the Arksey and O'Malley six-step scoping review methodology framework. The research team will select appropriate primary sources using a search strategy developed in collaboration with a health sciences librarian. Three reviewers will initially screen the title and abstracts obtained from the literature searches, and two reviewers will conduct independent reviews of full-text studies for inclusion. The research team will be reviewing literature focusing on which burnout and/or PTSD-associated physiological and biological biomarkers have been studied, the methodologies used to study them and the correlations between the biomarkers and HCW experiencing burnout/PTSD. Data extraction forms will be completed by two reviewers for included studies and will guide literature synthesis and analysis to determine common themes. Ethics and Dissemination This review does not require ethical approval. We expect results from this scoping review to identify gaps in the literature and encourage future research regarding improving biologic and physiologic biomarker research in HCW. Preliminary results and general themes will be communicated back to stakeholders. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, policy briefs, and conferences, as well as presented to stakeholders to an effort to invest in HCW mental and physical health. Strengths and Limitations of This Study This will be the first scoping review to assess the current understanding of the biologic and physiological impact of burnout on healthcare workers. The target population is restricted to healthcare workers; however, identified research gaps may be used to guide future studies in other high-burnout occupations and industries.This scoping review will be guided by the Arksey and O'Malley six-step methodological framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review checklist.Both peer reviewed manuscript and pre-prints/abstracts will be evaluated, but studies that have not been peer reviewed will be notated in the summary table. Conference abstracts are excluded.Preliminary and final themes and results identified by this scoping review will be communicated to stakeholders, including hospital staff and HCW, to ensure agreement with our interpretation and to convey knowledge gained with our population of interest.This review will advance the field's current understanding of mechanisms connecting the burnout and pathogenic stress to biologic and physiologic outcomes in healthcare workers and provide researchers with gaps in the literature to inform opportunities for future research.
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Alaminos-Torres A, Martínez-Álvarez JR, Martínez-Lorca M, López-Ejeda N, Marrodán Serrano MD. Fatigue, Work Overload, and Sleepiness in a Sample of Spanish Commercial Airline Pilots. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13040300. [PMID: 37102814 PMCID: PMC10135893 DOI: 10.3390/bs13040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercial aviation pilots are an occupational group that work in particular conditions, with frequent schedule changes, shift work, unfavorable environmental conditions, etc. These circumstances can lead to fatigue, work overload (WO), and daytime sleepiness, factors that can affect their health and safety. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the association between these parameters in a sample of Spanish commercial airline pilots. The Raw TLX, Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaires were administered in a sample of 283 participants. The relationships of the total scores between all the questionnaires were studied by the chi-square test and the risk scores (odds ratio) were calculated. Different models using multiple linear regression were carried out to evaluate the effects of WO, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness, among the total scores, age, and flight hours. Additionally, the internal consistency of each questionnaire was estimated. A total of 28.2% presented WO above the 75th percentile, with mental and temporal demand the dimensions with the greatest weight. A total of 18% of pilots presented fatigue, 15.8% moderate sleepiness, and 3.9% severe sleepiness. We observed an association among WO, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness, important factors related to pilot health and aviation safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alaminos-Torres
- Physical Anthropology Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- EPINUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Román Martínez-Álvarez
- EPINUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Society of Dietetics and Food Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28224 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Martínez-Lorca
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Noemí López-Ejeda
- Physical Anthropology Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- EPINUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Marrodán Serrano
- Physical Anthropology Unit, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- EPINUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Lobato D, Montesinos F, Polín E, Cáliz S. Third-Generation Behavioural Therapies in the Context of Neurodevelopmental Problems and Intellectual Disabilities: A Randomised Clinical Trial with Parents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4406. [PMID: 36901415 PMCID: PMC10002330 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine how 14 parents of children with autism and intellectual impairments responded to an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based psychological flexibility intervention programme. A randomised clinical trial was conducted. Parents were randomly assigned to the training programme group (n = 8) or waiting list group (n = 6). The treatment effect was measured using the 6-PAQ, PSS-14, GHQ-12, and WBSI questionnaires. Changes in interactions were assessed through self-recording, including a baseline to observe the previous functioning. Measures were taken before and after the application of the intervention programme and three months later. After that, the control group was switched to the psychological flexibility programme condition. After the programme's implementation, we could see a reduction in stress and the tendency to suppress unwanted private events. The impacts also appeared to apply to family interactions, resulting in a rise in positive interactions and a decrease in unfavourable ones. The results led us to think about the importance of psychological flexibility for the parents of children with chronic conditions, facilitating a reduction in the emotional impact derived from parenting and the emission of behaviours that promote the harmonious development of the diagnosed child.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lobato
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Montesinos
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto ACT, 28036 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Polín
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saray Cáliz
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
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Kaur M, Ren H. Positive faultlines: an unconventional perspective on team compositional dynamics. TEAM PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/tpm-03-2022-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
Faultline literature has been extensively examined for its effect on various outcomes. Barring a few exceptions, this research has primarily inferred the adverse impact of such splits. The purpose of this theoretical paper is to assert that these divisions can also be formed based on positive psychological capacities, which will cause a divide, but eventually help increase performance.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper offers a conceptual model that links employee psychological capital with the faultline literature and suggests its impact on team performance. It also explores the positive moderating effect of time and team goal orientation.
Findings
The study asserts that there will be an initial divide, but the positive faultlines will improve team performance. Several propositions are formulated that provide the opportunity for further examination.
Originality
This paper makes a contemporary and important conceptual contribution to the faultline literature by proposing a new notion: “positive faultlines.” To view the effect of faultlines from a positive perspective, a pioneering endeavor is made to explore the impact of employees’ psychological capital in teams. By integrating the faultline literature with positive organizational behavior, this study offers an alternative line of thinking on team compositional dynamics.
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Wiley L, Black KJ, Ross D. Too stressed to de-stress? The experience of work stress and recovery among attorneys during the COVID-19 pandemic. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2023; 31:440-465. [PMID: 38895728 PMCID: PMC11182056 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2022.2155722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that legal professionals experience high stress and often high rates of associated health problems. Much less is known about attitudes and behaviours around stress prevention in this occupation. Our study examined views of stress and recovery among 131 U.S. attorneys. In open-ended data, attorneys commonly expressed that their job is very demanding, and it impacts their health. Many respondents felt it was important to manage their stress but had difficulty doing so. Quantitative analyses showed that attitudes about stress (stress-related comparisons, viewing stress as achievement, stress-related impression management, and stigma around stress concerns) demonstrated several significant relationships with perceived stress, recovery experiences, remorse for relaxation, and work-family conflict. Our findings suggest that practical interventions to support the health and well-being of legal professionals may need to target the workload norms, as well as attitudes and beliefs about the normalness of high stress and insufficient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wiley
- Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | | | - David Ross
- Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
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Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire among parents of children with cancer. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 69:101-107. [PMID: 36709685 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although burnout recently emerged as a harmful syndrome in parents, no instrument has been validated to suitably assess burnout among parents of children with cancer in China. In this study, we aimed to psychometrically validate the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) among Chinese parents of children with cancer. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 380 parents of children with cancer to psychometrically validate the SMBQ. Content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, diagnosis accuracy, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were evaluated. RESULTS The Chinese version of the SMBQ demonstrated adequate internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, good content validity, excellent convergent and discriminant validity, and appropriate criterion-related validity. Using the parental burnout assessment as a reference criterion, the area under the curve was 0.903. The optimal cut-off point for the SMBQ was 4.833. The factor model of the SMBQ used in Chinese parents of children with cancer had a good fit. The survey revealed that Chinese parents of children with cancer experienced a high level of burnout (3.86 ± 1.03). CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of SMBQ was reliable and valid for assessing burnout in parents of children with cancer. Parents of children with cancer experienced a high level of burnout in China. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This SMBQ can be used in Chinese clinical and research settings to investigate burnout in parents who have children with cancer. Further research could examine the predictive validity and validity.
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Jing F, Cheng M, Li J, He C, Ren H, Zhou J, Zhou H, Xu Z, Chen W, Cheng W. Social, lifestyle, and health status characteristics as a proxy for occupational burnout identification: A network approach analysis. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1119421. [PMID: 37124263 PMCID: PMC10140400 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1119421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational burnout is a type of psychological syndrome. It can lead to serious mental and physical disorders if not treated in time. However, individuals tend to conceal their genuine feelings of occupational burnout because such disclosures may elicit bias from superiors. This study aims to explore a novel method for estimating occupational burnout by elucidating its links with social, lifestyle, and health status factors. Methods In this study 5,794 participants were included. Associations between occupational burnout and a set of features from a survey was analyzed using Chi-squared test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Variables that are significantly related to occupational burnout were grouped into four categories: demographic, work-related, health status, and lifestyle. Then, from a network science perspective, we inferred the colleague's social network of all participants based on these variables. In this inferred social network, an exponential random graph model (ERGM) was used to analyze how occupational burnout may affect the edge in the network. Results For demographic variables, age (p < 0.01) and educational background (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with occupational burnout. For work-related variables, type of position (p < 0.01) was a significant factor as well. For health and chronic diseases variables, self-rated health status, hospitalization history in the last 3 years, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, high blood lipid, breast diseases, and other chronic diseases were all associated with occupational burnout significantly (p < 0.01). Breakfast frequency, dairy consumption, salt-limiting tool usage, oil-limiting tool usage, vegetable consumption, pedometer (step counter) usage, consuming various types of food (in the previous year), fresh fruit and vegetable consumption (in the previous year), physical exercise participation (in the previous year), limit salt consumption, limit oil consumption, and maintain weight were also significant factors (p < 0.01). Based on the inferred social network among all airport workers, ERGM showed that if two employees were both in the same occupational burnout status, they were more likely to share an edge (p < 0.0001). Limitation The major limitation of this work is that the social network for occupational burnout ERGM analysis was inferred based on associated factors, such as demographics, work-related conditions, health and chronic diseases, and behaviors. Though these factors have been proven to be associated with occupational burnout, the results inferred by this social network cannot be warranted for accuracy. Conclusion This work demonstrated the feasibility of identifying people at risk of occupational burnout through an inferred colleague's social network. Encouraging staff with lower occupational burnout status to communicate with others may reduce the risk of burnout for other staff in the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshi Jing
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- UNC Project-China, UNC Global, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mengyuan Cheng
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- UNC Project-China, UNC Global, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaocheng He
- School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Zhou
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hanchu Zhou
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongzhi Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Chen
- Health Medicine Department, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Cheng
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Weibin Cheng,
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Waqar H, Mahmood A, Ali M. High-Performance Work Systems and Coping Strategies in Regulating Burnout and Safety Workarounds in the Healthcare Sector. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231162058. [PMID: 36993796 PMCID: PMC10041631 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231162058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The healthcare sector is essential for any country because it indirectly affects its economy. The productivity of land will increase if there is a healthy workforce, and it will enhance its economy, which will, in return, lead to the human welfare of the country. The present quantitative study has investigated the relationship between high-performance work systems (HPWS) on safety workarounds through the role of burnout as mediation, and explored coping strategies as a moderator between burnout and safety workarounds. These constructs play a vital role in efficiently managing different organizational activities to generate better productivity and employee performance, and educate employees about rules that can be used and adopted to ensure a healthy work-life. The data were collected from 550 nurses through a questionnaire in the healthcare sector of Lahore, Punjab (Pakistan). AMOS and SPSS were used to test the direct relationships between the constructs, and analyze the moderation of coping strategies and the mediation effect of burnout. The results have demonstrated the strong moderated mediation of coping strategies and burnout between existing HPWS and safety workarounds. The study of coping strategies would help managers and employees handle job stress and alleviate burnout in the healthcare sector through safety workarounds to increase effectiveness and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Waqar
- Institute of Business & Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Department of Innovation and Technology Management, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- Asif Mahmood, Department of Innovation and Technology Management, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Management Sciences, Bharia University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Family incivility and burnout: a moderated mediation model of life satisfaction and psychological capital. EVIDENCE-BASED HRM: A GLOBAL FORUM FOR EMPIRICAL SCHOLARSHIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/ebhrm-11-2021-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between family incivility (FI) and burnout in line with the conservation of resources theory and work–home resources model. The authors also examine the conditional indirect effects of psychological capital (PsyCap) and life satisfaction (LS) in the aforementioned relationship. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a time-lagged methodological design by administering a structured questionnaire among 296 rural doctors. The collected data were analyzed using PROCESS macro in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.FindingsThe study indicates that FI is an emotional home demand and influences burnout at the workplace through the depletion of LS. At the same time, PsyCap proves to be a vital resource that mitigates the adverse effects of FI and burnout.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adds to the work–family and well-being literature by exploring the underlying mechanism through which FI connects to different outcomes. The implications of these findings for applications and extension of the work–home resources model to the family domain is elaborated in detail.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to empirically substantiate the long-term adverse consequences of FI and its potential for negatively affecting the work domain by inducing long-term psychological disorder “burnout.”
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Liu Z, Zhao L, Wang S, Gao Y, Zhang L. The Association between Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Chinese Soccer Referees in the Early Stage of Reopening Soccer Matches during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16750. [PMID: 36554631 PMCID: PMC9778837 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sudden and unpredictable changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are a serious threat to the occupational stress and mental health of referees worldwide, which has not attracted widespread attention. The mental health of football referees has a certain influence on their job satisfaction or the accuracy of judgments. METHODS This study constructed a moderated mediation model to explore the buffer factors between occupational stress and mental health in Chinese soccer referees in the early stage of reopening soccer matches during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Data from 317 Chinese soccer referees (aged 19-45) were collected through an online questionnaire in September-October 2022. Occupational stress, mental health, job burnout and perceived social support were measured, and moderated mediation model was analyzed. RESULTS The results of this study showed that occupational stress was negatively correlated with mental health through the mediating effect of job burnout and the moderated effect of perceived social support after controlling for demographic variables. Specifically, the association between occupational stress and mental health was weaker when perceived social support was higher and stronger. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that job burnout and perceived social support played important roles in buffering the negative effects of occupational stress on the mental health of Chinese soccer referees in the early stage of reopening soccer matches during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. The findings provide implications for mental health interventions in soccer referees during the public health crises.
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Having allies—Experiences of support in people with stress-related exhaustion: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277264. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The number of people seeking care for symptoms of exhaustion and stress is a major concern in several countries. The condition is a challenging and life-changing experience, and a deeper understanding of support to help people on sick leave due to stress-related exhaustion in their early stages is needed to facilitate recovery.
Objective
The aim was to explore experiences of support in people with stress-related exhaustion being on sick-leave less than six months.
Method
A qualitative interview study was conducted with 12 participants (7 women and 5 men; aged 25–46 years) who were on sick leave that had not exceeded six months due to stress-related exhaustion. The participants were recruited from public healthcare centres in the western part of Sweden, and the intention was to reach them early in their ongoing sick leave period. The interviews were performed face-to-face and analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical approach.
Results
The findings show that people affected by stress-related exhaustion struggle to maintain their dignity and define support in terms of allies who acknowledge their personhood and provide them helpful guidance. Participants expressed their needs to be taken seriously by professionals, family, and friends willing to engage in their situation. Lack of empathy and professional knowledge in the clinical encounter induced additional stress.
Conclusions
This study indicates that people affected by stress-related exhaustion need allies from their surrounding networks in their struggle to maintain their dignity. Our findings highlight that it is essential to acknowledge them as persons and establish an alliance to provide appropriate support based on each person’s specific situation, needs and resources. This approach can be facilitated in a partnership, as emphasized in person-centred care (PCC). PCC emphasizes the co-creation of care in partnership between the patient (often with relatives) and health care professionals which may imply a more collaborative view of health care in which patients are engaged as active partners in planning their care.
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Brown A, Leite AC. The effects of social and organizational connectedness on employee well‐being and remote working experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Brown
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
| | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
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Moshawrab M, Adda M, Bouzouane A, Ibrahim H, Raad A. Smart Wearables for the Detection of Occupational Physical Fatigue: A Literature Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22197472. [PMID: 36236570 PMCID: PMC9573761 DOI: 10.3390/s22197472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Today's world is changing dramatically due to the influence of various factors. Whether due to the rapid development of technological tools, advances in telecommunication methods, global economic and social events, or other reasons, almost everything is changing. As a result, the concepts of a "job" or work have changed as well, with new work shifts being introduced and the office no longer being the only place where work is done. In addition, our non-stop active society has increased the stress and pressure at work, causing fatigue to spread worldwide and becoming a global problem. Moreover, it is medically proven that persistent fatigue is a cause of serious diseases and health problems. Therefore, monitoring and detecting fatigue in the workplace is essential to improve worker safety in the long term. In this paper, we provide an overview of the use of smart wearable devices to monitor and detect occupational physical fatigue. In addition, we present and discuss the challenges that hinder this field and highlight what can be done to advance the use of smart wearables in workplace fatigue detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moshawrab
- Département de Mathématiques, Informatique et Génie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(581)624-9394
| | - Mehdi Adda
- Département de Mathématiques, Informatique et Génie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Abdenour Bouzouane
- Département d’Informatique et de Mathématique, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 Boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Hussein Ibrahim
- Institut Technologique de Maintenance Industrielle, 175 Rue de la Vérendrye, Sept-Îles, QC G4R 5B7, Canada
| | - Ali Raad
- Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Islamic University of Lebanon, Wardaniyeh P.O. Box 30014, Lebanon
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Brady LL, McDaniel SC, Choi Y. Teacher stress and burnout: The role of psychological work resources and implications for practitioners. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L. Brady
- Department of Management University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA
| | - Sara C. McDaniel
- Department of Special Education and Multiple Abilities University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA
| | - Youn‐Jeng Choi
- Department of Education Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea
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Higher allostatic load in work-related burnout: The Regensburg Burnout Project. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 143:105853. [PMID: 35792379 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and chronic work stress have been linked to various negative health outcomes. While the mechanisms underlying this interplay are still unclear, the allostatic load (AL) model was suggested to demonstrate a possible biological pathway. However, previous studies provided divergent results regarding the association between burnout and AL, probably also due to the heterogeneity of selected samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine differences in AL between a conceptually strictly specified group of individuals suffering from burnout (BO group) and a healthy comparison group (HC group). METHODS After a multi-stage recruitment procedure with strict inclusion criteria based on burnout symptomatology and pathogenesis, the BO group (n = 56) was compared to the HC group (n = 65) regarding an index of AL. The AL-index included 14 parameters: high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), fibrinogen, d-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage. RESULTS The BO group showed significantly higher AL-scores in comparison to the HC group. This effect remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking status. Additionally, burnout symptoms (assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory; MBI), MBI-subscales emotional exhaustion and depersonalization as well as chronic work stress (assessed with the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire) were significantly associated with higher AL-scores. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with our hypothesis, we detected higher AL-scores in the BO compared to the HC group, indicating a greater cumulative physiological burden in individuals suffering from burnout. Given the high heterogeneity in individuals experiencing burnout symptoms, future studies may focus on well-specified subgroups, when examining the association between burnout and psychophysiological dysregulations.
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Trockel J, Bohman B, Wang H, Cooper W, Welle D, Shanafelt TD. Assessment of the Relationship Between an Adverse Impact of Work on Physicians' Personal Relationships and Unsolicited Patient Complaints. Mayo Clin Proc 2022; 97:1680-1691. [PMID: 36058580 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between an adverse impact of work on physicians' personal relationships and unsolicited patient complaints about physician behavior - a well-established indicator of patient care quality. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS We paired data from a physician wellness survey collected in April and May 2013 with longitudinal unsolicited patient complaint data collected independently from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016. Unsolicited patient complaints were used to calculate the Patient Advocacy Reporting System (PARS) score, an established predictor of clinical outcomes and malpractice suits. The primary outcome was PARS score tercile. Ordinal logistic regression mixed effects models were used to assess the association between the impact of work on a physician's personal relationships and PARS scores. RESULTS Of 2384 physicians eligible to participate, 831 (34.9%) returned surveys including 429 (51.6%) who consented for their survey responses to be linked to independent data and had associated PARS scores. In a multivariate model adjusting for gender and specialty category, each 1-point higher impact of work on personal relationships score (0-10 scale; higher score unfavorable) was associated with a 19% greater odds of being in the next higher PARS score tercile of unsolicited patient complaints (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.33) during the subsequent 4-year study period. CONCLUSION An adverse impact of work on physicians' personal relationships is associated with independently assessed, unsolicited patient complaints. Organizational efforts to mitigate an adverse impact of work on physicians' personal relationships are warranted as part of efforts to improve the quality of patient experience and malpractice risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan Bohman
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hanhan Wang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - William Cooper
- Vanderbilt Center for Patient and Professional Advocacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dana Welle
- Tribeca Companies, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tait D Shanafelt
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. https://twitter.com/StanfordWellMD
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Du S, Xie W, Wang J. How leaders' bias tendency affects employees' knowledge hiding behavior: The mediating role of workplace marginalization perception. Front Psychol 2022; 13:965972. [PMID: 35992433 PMCID: PMC9389283 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.965972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Employees' knowledge hiding behavior has an essential inhibitory impact on organizational innovation and employee knowledge sharing. Accordingly, studying the antecedents and influencing mechanisms of employees' knowledge hiding behavior is quite necessary. In the perspective of leader–member exchange theory and resource conservation theory, the leaders' bias tendency will lead to the workplace marginalization perception of some employees and promote the generation of employees' knowledge hiding behavior. Thus, this research is intended to discuss the influence of leaders' bias tendency toward employees' knowledge hiding behavior, and to analyze the mediating effects of employees' perception of workplace marginalization and the moderating role of emotional commitment to the organization. The sample of this study covered 500 Chinese full-time corporate employees. The conclusions of the research indicate that the following: (1) Leaders' bias tendency is vitally and absolutely correlated with employees' knowledge hiding behavior; (2) Workplace marginalization perception plays an intermediary role between leaders' bias tendency and employees' knowledge hiding behavior; (3) Emotional commitment to the organization plays a negative moderating role between leaders' bias tendency and employees' knowledge hiding behavior; (4) Emotional commitment to the organization plays a negative moderating role between workplace marginalization perception and employees' knowledge hiding behavior. These findings will help organizations and managers to recognize the harm of bias tendency, regulate their own behaviors, and effectively reduce the generation of employees' knowledge hiding behaviors, thereby promoting knowledge sharing and innovative behaviors in organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Du
- School of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wenli Xie
- School of Marxism, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Wang
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Lisann-Goldman L, Cowart C, Lin HM, Orlando B, Mahoney B. Well-Being in Anesthesiology Graduate Medical Education: Reconciling the Ideal with Reality. Anesthesiol Clin 2022; 40:383-397. [PMID: 35659409 DOI: 10.1016/j.anclin.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Addressing burnout through well-being initiatives in anesthesiology residency training has been well described. Our intervention of in-person mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as a means of addressing burnout among anesthesiology trainees proved unfeasible given attitudinal and logistic variables. We subsequently found success with a "confessions session" model structured as a modification of the Delphi method; this led to organizational changes associated with reduced resident burnout and well-being measured through internal (GME) and external (the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)) annual anonymous surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lisann-Goldman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 E 210st, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Christopher Cowart
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Cres Road, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Hung-Mo Lin
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, NY 10029, USA
| | - Barbara Orlando
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center- Houston, Memorial Hermann Hospital, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Bryan Mahoney
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West Hospitals, 1000 10th Avenue, NY 10019, USA
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Saul D, Nikolitch K. The syndrome of burnout: A new spin or reinventing the wheel? J Psychosom Res 2022; 157:110914. [PMID: 35447604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Saul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Katerina Nikolitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Research, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Wekenborg MK, Hill LK, Grabbe P, Thayer JF, Kirschbaum C, Lindenlaub S, Arne Wittling R, von Dawans B. Associations between burnout symptoms and social behaviour: exploring the role of acute stress and vagal function. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:892. [PMID: 35509000 PMCID: PMC9069827 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the link between burnout symptoms and prosocial behaviour, as well as the role of acute stress and vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) on this association. METHODS Seventy men were randomly assigned to either the stress or the control condition of the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G). Prosocial behaviour was assessed via a social decision-making paradigm during the respective TSST-G condition. RESULTS Correlation analyses revealed negative correlations between prosocial behaviour and burnout symptoms. Acute stress was also associated with reduced prosocial behaviour, whereas no interaction effects with burnout symptoms could be revealed. Exploratory analyses showed that vmHRV was negatively correlated with burnout symptoms during the social decision-making paradigm but did not mediate the link between burnout and prosocial behaviour. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we report first experimental evidence that burnout symptoms are negatively associated with prosocial behaviour. Further studies are needed to explore the causal relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Wekenborg
- Department of Psychology, Chair of Biopsychology, Dresden, TU, Germany. .,Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, TU, Germany.
| | - LaBarron K Hill
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pia Grabbe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Susan Lindenlaub
- Department of Psychology, Chair of Biopsychology, Dresden, TU, Germany
| | | | - Bernadette von Dawans
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
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Tao Y, Ma Z, Hou W, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Li C, Shi C. Neuroticism Trait and Mental Health Among Chinese Firefighters: The Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support and the Mediating Role of Burnout-A Path Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:870772. [PMID: 35480571 PMCID: PMC9037371 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceived organizational support (POS) in the relationship between neuroticism and job burnout among firefighters received little attention in China. A sampling of 716 firefighters in China, we drew on perceived organization support theory and the notion of support as a buffer in job burnout, examining moderating effects of POS on the relationship between neuroticism and three components of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment). Also, this study explored the mediating effect of burnout on the relationship between neuroticism and mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression). We found that two components (depersonalization and emotional exhaustion) of burnout have significantly mediated the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety and depression. At the same time, POS reinforced the relationship between neuroticism and depersonalization and emotional exhaustion. Therefore, organizations can take our analysis into account when taking actions to improve firefighters' mental health. The implications of these findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Liang Zhang
- Student Mental Health Education Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Congying Shi
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Chambel MJ, Carvalho VS. Commitment and Wellbeing: The Relationship Dilemma in a Two-Wave Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:816240. [PMID: 35465506 PMCID: PMC9029816 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been little consensus around the sequential relationship between organizational affective commitment and workers' wellbeing. In line with the Conservation of Resources Theory, results of this two-wave study with a contact center employee sample (N = 483) showed that organizational affective commitment decreases work ill-being (i.e., burnout) and increases work wellbeing (i.e., work-engagement). Furthermore, in keeping with the loss spiral assumption of this theory, the mediating role of burnout in the affective commitment-health relationship was supported in this study. However, in accordance with the Job Demand-Resources, work engagement was found not to prevent effects on health. The findings have implications for the organizational affective commitment theory, as well as for organizational occupational health policies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Chambel
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vânia Sofia Carvalho
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Work motivation associated with depression: The role of job burnout and mental resilience. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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The Relationship between Flow Experience and Burnout Symptoms: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073865. [PMID: 35409547 PMCID: PMC8998023 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: In today’s performance-oriented society, burnout symptoms, defined as consequences of chronic work stress, are an increasing problem. To counteract this development, the important aims are (1) to find protective and modifiable factors that reduce the risk of developing and harboring burnout symptoms and (2) to understand the underlying mechanisms. A phenomenon potentially furthering both aims is flow experience. Based on the earlier literature, we developed a psycho-physiological “Flow-Burnout-Model”, which postulates positive or negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms, depending on the prevailing situational and personal conditions. Methods: To test our Flow-Burnout-Model, we conducted a systematic literature search encompassing flow and burnout symptoms. Eighteen empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Results: The findings of the systematic review as a whole suggest a negative association between flow and burnout symptoms, both cross-sectional and longitudinal. According to the findings from longitudinal studies, flow can be interpreted as a protective factor against burnout symptoms, and burnout symptoms can be interpreted as a factor inhibiting flow. In our conclusion, we maintain the assumption of a bidirectional association between flow and burnout symptoms in the Flow-Burnout-Model but modify the initially suggested positive and negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms towards a predominantly negative relationship. Discussion: Mindful of the heterogeneous findings of earlier studies, the resulting comprehensive Flow-Burnout-Model will lay the foundations for future hypothesis-based research. This includes physiological mechanisms explaining the relationship between flow and burnout symptoms, and likewise, the conditions of their longitudinal association.
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Sarwar A, Abdullah MI, Imran MK, Fatima T. When fear about health hurts performance: COVID-19 and its impact on employee’s work. REVIEW OF MANAGERIAL SCIENCE 2022. [PMCID: PMC8902909 DOI: 10.1007/s11846-022-00536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study utilized terror management and conservation of resources theory to fulfill its aim of investigating the effects of fear of contamination of COVID-19 on performance of employees in the banking sector of Pakistan. A survey was conducted to collect data in two waves from 206 bank employees in Punjab region. SPSS was used for data analysis. The results demonstrated that such fear leads to emotional exhaustion which in turn negatively affects employee’s work performance. However, the perceptions of better precautionary measures taken by the organization against the spread of the disease moderated the said relationship and weakened the strength of fear on performance through emotional exhaustion. Amid the widespread fear, panic and detrimental effects of COVID-19 on organizations and economies of the worlds, this research has implications for policy makers by showing the importance of organizational measures taken and displayed to employees in decreasing the negative effects of extensive fear and uncertainty prevailing due to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Sarwar
- Department of Management Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tehreem Fatima
- Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan
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50
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Fieres J, Fischer M, Sauter C, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Wirtz PH. The burden of overweight: Higher body mass index, but not vital exhaustion, is associated with higher DNA damage and lower DNA repair capacity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 114:103323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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