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Larson EA. 5Minutes4Myself: Development of a Wellness Program for Caregivers of Children with Autism. Can J Occup Ther 2024; 91:17-28. [PMID: 37106578 DOI: 10.1177/00084174231172036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background. Many caregivers of autistic children experience increased stress, and diminished health often due to the caregiving demands. Purpose. The project aim was to design a feasible and sustainable wellness program tailored to these caregivers' lives. Methods. In this collaborative research-informed project, participants (N = 28) were mostly female, white, and well-educated. In focus groups, we delineated lifestyle issues, then designed, delivered and assessed an initial program with one cohort; and repeated this process with a second group. Findings. Focus group data were transcribed then coded qualitatively to inform following steps. Data analysis identified lifestyle issues key to program design, desired program elements, and after program delivery, affirmed elements and recommended changes. The team used meta-inferences to guide program revisions after each cohort. Implications. Caregivers viewed resulting 5Minutes4Myself program as filling a significant service gap; its hybrid design used in-person coaching and a habit-building app with mindfulness content to support lifestyle change.
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Buxton AE, Hofheinz C, Remmers C, Michalak J. When depressed-be mindful of and kind to yourself: Self-compassion as mediator of change in a mindful depression treatment. Psychother Res 2024; 34:182-194. [PMID: 36803684 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2179439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-compassion as an outcome and potential mediator in mindfulness-based interventions has gained increased attention in the last years. However, most mediation studies had several methodological shortcomings which precluded robust conclusions regarding its mediating role. This randomized controlled study aimed to address these issues by assessing self-compassion, as proposed mediator and outcome, in a temporal sequence. Eighty-one patients with current depression and work-related conflicts were randomly assigned to either an eight-week mindfulness-based day hospital treatment (MDT-DH; n = 47; including psychopharmacological treatment if necessary) or a waitlist control condition including a psychopharmacological consultation (PCC; n = 34). The outcome, depression severity, was assessed before, at mid-treatment and after the treatment while the proposed mediator, self-compassion, was measured at two week-intervals from before treatment until directly after treatment. Within-person and between-person mediation effects were analysed using multilevel structural equation modelling. The results from the mediation models show that self-compassion (as a general factor) and two of its components (mindfulness of personal suffering and common humanity) increased and mediated the change in depressive symptoms over time. This study provides preliminary support for self-compassion as a mediator of treatment effects on depression in a mindful depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Buxton
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | | | - Carina Remmers
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Johannes Michalak
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Kaur A, Sharma MP, Chaturvedi SK. Mindfulness Integrated Cognitive Behavioural Intervention: Effects on Palliative Cancer Care Professionals. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e1048-e1055. [PMID: 34848558 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Being a palliative cancer care professional is challenging and stressful. In recent decades, there has been more interest in mindfulness to improve overall well-being of healthcare professionals. Mindfulness integrated cognitive behavioural interventions (MICBI) are more practical, flexible and understandable than traditional psychological therapies alone. There is a dearth of studies in India with no psychological intervention in palliative cancer care professionals to date. The aim was to examine the effects of MICBI for professional care workers at palliative cancer care centres in Bengaluru city of Southern India. METHODS A single group study design was adopted with pre, post and 3-month follow-up assessment with a sample of 25 participants working full-time at a hospice. The MICBI programme was for six sessions, once a week for 2-2.5 hours. Outcome variables were professional quality of life measures (burnout, secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction), psychological well-being score and mindfulness skills score (assessed using Professional Quality of Life Scale-V.5, Psychological Well-Being Scale and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire). Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test analysed differences between pre, post and follow-up data. RESULTS The MICBI could significantly reduce burnout and secondary traumatic stress; it improved compassion satisfaction, psychological well-being and mindfulness skills; treatment gains were maintained at 3 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS MICBI was feasible and effective for palliative cancer care professionals with implications for training, practice and future research. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER The study was registered under the Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI) (number: CTRI/2018/03/019170).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Research, The George Institute for Global Health India, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahendra P Sharma
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Department of Clinical Psychology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Freedman ME, Weber KM, Yohannes T, Cohen MH, Moskowitz JT. A web-based positive-affect intervention to reduce stress and improve well-being in women living with HIV - feasibility and acceptability of a single-arm, pilot study. AIDS Care 2024; 36:115-121. [PMID: 37311108 PMCID: PMC10716357 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2221423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Women living with HIV (WLWH) experience high rates of depression but are underrepresented in mental health research. Positive emotions are associated with beneficial health outcomes in WLWH and should be a targeted component of psychological interventions in this population. Positive psychological interventions aim to increase positive emotions through the use of simple exercises, such as keeping a gratitude journal. We conducted a single-arm feasibility/acceptability study of a five-week, self-guided, web-based positive affect skills intervention in a sample of WLWH (N = 23) who also participate in a longitudinal observational study, the Women's Interagency HIV Study. The intervention was feasible as measured by home practice and post-intervention assessment completion, and acceptable as measured by exit interview feedback regarding recommendation of the program to friends or others living with HIV. On average, participants completed home practice for about 8 out of 9 skills. The mean response for recommendation of the program to a friend was 9.26/10 (SD = 1.63) and the mean response for recommendation of the program to others living with HIV was 9.68/10 (SD = 0.82). Participant feedback will be used to adapt and enhance the delivery of this intervention. Further studies are needed to assess efficacy and impact on psychological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie E. Freedman
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Weber
- Cook County Health and Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tsion Yohannes
- Cook County Health and Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mardge H. Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Stroger Hospital of Cook County Health System, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Judith T. Moskowitz
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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5
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Meneo D, Martoni M, Giannandrea A, Tengattini V, Baglioni C. Mindfulness and self-compassion in dermatological conditions: a systematic narrative review. Psychol Health 2024; 39:268-300. [PMID: 35522563 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People affected by chronic skin conditions suffer from elevated levels of psychological distress. There is a need for evidence-based treatments that integrate medical care. Mindfulness and Self-compassion programs (MCBPs) have proven effective in chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to narratively synthesize the literature on mindfulness and self-compassion as traits and interventions in chronic skin conditions. DESIGN We searched four electronic databases for mindfulness and self-compassion trials and correlational studies in chronic skin conditions. We narratively synthetized results regarding the effects of mindfulness and self-compassion, both as traits and as interventions, on psychological and disease outcomes. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included in our review. Evidence from cross-sectional studies suggest that mindfulness and self-compassion are linked to lower psychological distress and better adjustment to the disease. MCBPs appear feasible for this population and can lower psychological distress, reduce disease severity and improve quality of life. Methodological issues limit conclusions on MCBP efficacy. Based on our analysis, we propose possible mechanisms that future research could explore. CONCLUSIONS The integration of MCBPs in the care process of chronic skin conditions appears promising. Definitive conclusions cannot be drawn due to a lack of strong evidence. Further studies with high methodological standards are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meneo
- Human Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo, Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | - M Martoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Giannandrea
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Tengattini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Baglioni
- Human Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo, Marconi, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology/Sleep, Medicine, Centre for Mental Disorders, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany
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Sahin NH, Tasso AF, Guler M. Attachment and emotional regulation: examining the role of prefrontal cortex functions, executive functions, and mindfulness in their relationship. Cogn Process 2023; 24:619-631. [PMID: 37368059 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Attachment is a prominent area of psychological research, with its relevance linked to executive functions, mindfulness, and emotional regulation. The purpose of this study is to examine this relationship among these aforementioned four constructs and propose a model to be tested in the future. Based on the current trends using the Interpersonal Neurobiology approach, which assumes prefrontal cortex functions to include other socioemotional resources such as empathy, morality, insight, behavior, and body regulation. Our study included prefrontal cortical functions alongside executive functions. The assessment instruments used were Attachment-Based Cognitive Representations Scale, Prefrontal Cortex Functions Scale, Webexec, Five Facet Mindfulness Scale, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. We hypothesized that attachment would be the strongest predictor of emotional regulation. The participants in the study were 539 college students (mean = 20.21; sd = 1.57); (68% female and 32%, male). Our a priori research hypothesis was supported, with an additional finding that trait mindfulness was also a significant predictor. The strongest correlations with attachment styles were with trait mindfulness and emotional regulation. We conducted path analyses of two different models for secure and insecure attachment. The path analyses showed that secure attachment scores were negatively related, and insecure attachment scores were positively related to difficulties in emotional regulation scores. Furthermore, trait mindfulness and prefrontal cortex functions also mediated this relationship. However, there was no significant relationship between executive functions and difficulties in emotional regulation scores, even though it was significantly related to attachment. Results and implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Hisli Sahin
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, USA.
| | - Anthony F Tasso
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, USA
| | - Murat Guler
- Department of Business Administration, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
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Hansell AK, Olmstead R, López Maya E, Banijamali S. Stress reduction for paid home care aides: A feasibility study of mindfulness meditation and Tai Chi interventions. Home Health Care Serv Q 2023; 42:328-346. [PMID: 37194733 DOI: 10.1080/01621424.2023.2214087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of effective self-care strategies to support Home Care Aides' (HCAs) mental health is limited. This study compares the feasibility of implementing one of two non-clinical, evidence-based stress-reduction treatments: mindful awareness practices (MAPs) meditation versus Korean-style Tai Chi. Program effectiveness was assessed on a range of self-reported health and mental health quantitative outcomes at three time-points. Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in depression, insomnia, and negative affect during the six weeks (all p. <0.05), but only the MAPs group demonstrated a sustained improvement in negative affect at three-month follow-up (p. <0.05). At three-month follow-up, 55% of Tai Chi participants continued practicing learned techniques, compared to 75% of MAPs participants. MAPs were found to be more practical and amenable to integration in daily life compared to Tai Chi. Showing positive results on both feasibility and effectiveness assessment, MAPs were chosen over Tai Chi to be scaled as a benefit to HCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison K Hansell
- Research Insights and Innovations, Senior Program Manager of Population Health and Safety SEIU 775 Benefits Group, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Olmstead
- Research Psychologist Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric López Maya
- Director General, Instituto Mexicano de Mindfulness & Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sahar Banijamali
- Department is Research Insights and Innovations, Director of Research Insights and Innovations SEIU 775 Benefits Group 215 Columbia St #300, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Strout K, Schwartz-Mette R, McNamara J, Parsons K, Walsh D, Bonnet J, O'Brien LM, Robinson K, Sibley S, Smith A, Sapp M, Sprague L, Sabegh NS, Robinson K, Henderson A. Wellness in Nursing Education to Promote Resilience and Reduce Burnout: Protocol for a Holistic Multidimensional Wellness Intervention and Longitudinal Research Study Design in Nursing Education. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e49020. [PMID: 37682598 PMCID: PMC10517386 DOI: 10.2196/49020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States faces a nursing shortage driven by a burnout epidemic among nurses and nursing students. Nursing students are an integral population to fuel the nursing workforce at high risk of burnout and increased rates of perceived stress. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to describe WellNurse, a holistic, interdisciplinary, multidimensional longitudinal research study that examines evidence-based interventions intended to reduce burnout and increase resilience among graduate and undergraduate nursing students. METHODS Graduate and undergraduate nursing students matriculated at a large public university in the northeastern United States are eligible to enroll in this ongoing, longitudinal cohort study beginning in March 2021. Participants complete a battery of health measurements twice each semester during the fourth week and the week before final examinations. The measures include the Perceived Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Participants are eligible to enroll in a variety of interventions, including mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindful eating, fitness training, and massage therapy. Those who enroll in specific, targeted interventions complete additional measures designed to target the aim of the intervention. All participants receive a free Fitbit device. Additional environmental changes are being implemented to further promote a culture that supports academic well-being, including recruiting a diverse student population through evidence-based holistic admissions, inclusive teaching design, targeted resilience and stress reduction workshops, and cultural shifts within classrooms and curricula. The study design protocol is registered at Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NCBPE). RESULTS The project was funded on January 1, 2022. Data collection started in March 2022. A total of 267 participants have been recruited. Results will be published after each semester starting in December 2023. WellNurse evaluation follows the Rapid Cycle Quality Improvement framework to continuously monitor ongoing project processes, activity outcomes, and progress toward reducing burnout and increasing resilience. Rapid Cycle Quality Improvement promotes the ability to alter WellNurse interventions, examine multiple interventions, and test their effectiveness among the nursing education population to identify the most effective interventions. CONCLUSIONS Academic nursing organizations must address student burnout risk and increase resilience to produce a future workforce that provides high-quality patient care to a diverse population. Findings from WellNurse will support evidence-based implementations for public baccalaureate and master's nursing programs in the United States. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Strout
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | | | - Jade McNamara
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Kayla Parsons
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Dyan Walsh
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Jen Bonnet
- Office of Research Development, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Liam M O'Brien
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Colby College, Waterville, ME, United States
| | - Kathryn Robinson
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Sean Sibley
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Annie Smith
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Maile Sapp
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Lydia Sprague
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Nima Sajedi Sabegh
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Kaitlin Robinson
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Amanda Henderson
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
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Cary EL, Bergen-Cico D, Sinegar S, Schutt MKA, Helminen EC, Felver JC. Self-regulation mediates effects of adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction on anxiety among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37130274 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2201843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) reduces anxiety among undergraduate students; however, there is limited evidence demonstrating mechanistic underpinnings. Theoretical models implicate cognitive self-regulation as a mechanism. This study explored whether an adapted MBSR embedded in a college course reduced anxiety and if self-regulation mediated any intervention effects. Participants: 144 undergraduate students participated in the study; 34 completed a MBSR course and 110 served as a matched control group. Methods: Mindfulness, self-regulation, and anxiety were measured at pre-MBSR, post-MBSR, and 1-month follow-up. Results: Repeated-measure ANOVAs indicated significant effects of MBSR for self-regulation and anxiety. Longitudinal mediation models indicated significant mediation effects of self-regulation on anxiety at post-intervention and 1-month follow-up. Conclusions: MBSR can be implemented within a college course to indirectly affect anxiety mechanistically via self-regulation. Given increasing rates of anxiety in college students and reduced capacity for counseling centers to meet need, MBSR holds promise for future clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Cary
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - D Bergen-Cico
- Department of Public Health, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - S Sinegar
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - M K A Schutt
- Lerner Center for Public Health Promotion, Maxwell School, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- The Flourishing Center, Inc, New York City, New York, USA
| | - E C Helminen
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - J C Felver
- Yang Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, ILR School, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Bronfenbrenner Center for Translational Research, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Malouf P, Quinlan E, Mohi S. Predicting burnout in Australian mental health professionals: uncertainty tolerance, impostorism and psychological inflexibility. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13284207.2022.2163159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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George L, Wallace JC, Snider JB, Suh H. Self-Compassion, Performance, and Burnout: Surfacing an Unknown Work Construct. GROUP & ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/10596011231161123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Research on self-compassion across various disciplines has consistently demonstrated numerous self-regulatory benefits associated with the construct. Despite the increasing interest, theory-driven research on self-compassion in the workplace has only begun to emerge recently. In the present research, we introduce the construct of work self-compassion ( WSC). Building on Neff’s definition of self-compassion, we submit that WSC is comprised of work self-kindness, common work challenges, and work-specific mindfulness. Across two studies, we develop a scale to measure WSC and test its place within the larger nomological network of organizational constructs. Specifically, by integrating COR theory with prior research on self-compassion, in Study 1, we test the incremental validity of WSC beyond general self-compassion in predicting job performance. In Study 2, we further demonstrate that WSC is an important mediating mechanism that bridges the association between honesty-humility, namely the H-factor, and job performance and burnout, respectively. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings and conclude with limitations and future research directions.
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Kabataş Yıldız M, Orak OS. The effect of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program on the level of perceived stress and geriatric depression in older adults: a randomised controlled study. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:261-272. [PMID: 36594217 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to reveal the effect of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on the perceived stress and geriatric depression levels of older adults. METHODS The data of this randomised controlled experimental study were obtained from older adults living in a nursing home in Turkey, between May and November, 2021. The target population consisted of 54 older adults living in the specified nursing home, and the sample consisted of 48 older adults who met the inclusion criteria (n = 24 intervention group, n = 24 control group). The MBSR program was applied to the older adults in the intervention group. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form. RESULTS It was revealed that the MBSR program led to a 54.7% decrease in the perceived stress total scores of the participants, and a 49.9% and 49.8% decrease in the sub-dimensions of perceived insufficient self-efficacy and perceived stress/distress, respectively. It was also found that the program reduced geriatric depression scores by 14.1% and created a significant effect (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the MBSR program is an effective method in reducing the perceived stress and geriatric depression levels of older adults. This effect has been maintained 1 month after the completion of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mükerrem Kabataş Yıldız
- Department of Health Care Services, Health Services of Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Oya Sevcan Orak
- Department of Nursing/Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Fostering collective climate action and leadership: Insights from a pilot experiment involving mindfulness and compassion. iScience 2023; 26:106191. [PMID: 36994186 PMCID: PMC10040966 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that mindfulness, compassion, and self-compassion relate to inner transformative qualities/capacities and intermediary factors that can support increased pro-environmental behavior and attitudes across individual, collective, organizational, and system levels. However, current insights focus on the individual level, are restricted to certain sustainability fields, and wider experimental evidence is scarce and contradictory. Our pilot study addresses this gap and tests the aforementioned proposition in the context of an intervention: an EU Climate Leadership Program for high-level decision-makers. The intervention was found to have significant effects on transformative qualities/capacities, intermediary factors, and pro-environmental behaviors and engagement across all levels. The picture is, however, more complex for pro-environmental attitudes. With due limitations (e.g., small sample size), this preliminary evidence confirms the feasibility and potential of mindfulness- and compassion-based interventions to foster inner-outer transformation for sustainability and climate action. Aspects that should be taken into account in larger confirmatory trials are discussed.
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Amari N. Self-formulation in counselling psychology: The Power Threat Meaning Framework. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678231154292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
This reflective report critically evaluates my developing professional identity as a counseling psychologist. Using the Power Threat Meaning Framework, I present a self-formulation to make sense of my experiences during the second stage of my training. To begin with, I consider how multiple forms of power were operating in the complex relationship between personal and professional spheres. As I appraise my professional development, I examine the threats posed by the negative use of power and the resulting challenges within my practice. Drawing from research, psychological theories, and relevant case examples, I explore the meaning I attached to my experiences while managing complex problems and professional issues. In my endeavor to act according to ethical and professional guidelines, I consider my threat responses to preserve my functioning within program learning and professional practice. By appreciating my access to power resources, I demonstrate my willingness and ability to engage with feedback and reflexivity as personal strengths that helped me navigate my ongoing training. Therefore, I integrate professional and ethical perspectives in the “meaning-making” of my development as a trainee counseling psychologist.
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Hilt LM, Swords CM, Webb CA. Randomized Controlled Trial of a Mindfulness Mobile Application for Ruminative Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36622879 PMCID: PMC10329729 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2022.2158840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rumination is a risk factor for the development of internalizing psychopathology that often emerges during adolescence. The goal of the present study was to test a mindfulness mobile app intervention designed to reduce rumination. METHOD Ruminative adolescents (N = 152; 59% girls, 18% racial/ethnic minority, Mage = 13.72, SD = .89) were randomly assigned to use a mobile app 3 times per day for 3 weeks that delivered brief mindfulness exercises or a mood monitoring-only control. Participants reported on rumination, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms at baseline, post-intervention and at 3 follow-up timepoints: 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months post-intervention. Parents reported on internalizing symptoms. RESULTS There was a significant Time X Condition effect at post-intervention for rumination, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms, such that participants in the mindfulness intervention showed improvements relative to those in the control condition. The effect for rumination lasted through the 6-week follow-up period; however, group differences were generally not observed throughout the follow-up period, which may indicate that continued practice is needed for gains to be maintained. CONCLUSIONS This intervention may have the potential to prevent the development of psychopathology and should be tested in a longitudinal study assessing affective disorder onset, especially in populations with limited access to conventional, in person mental health care.This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier NCT03900416).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori M. Hilt
- Department of Psychology, Lawrence University, 711 E. Boldt Way, Appleton, WI 54911, U.S
| | - Caroline M. Swords
- Department of Psychology, Lawrence University, 711 E. Boldt Way, Appleton, WI 54911, U.S
| | - Christian A. Webb
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, MA, U.S
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Crone WC, Kesebir P, Hays B, Mirgain SA, Davidson RJ, Hagness SC. Cultivating well-being in engineering graduate students through mindfulness training. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281994. [PMID: 36947553 PMCID: PMC10032494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mental health crisis in graduate education combined with low treatment rates among engineering graduate students underscores the need for engineering graduate programs to provide effective methods to promote well-being. There is an extensive body of neuroscience research showing that contemplative practices, such as mindfulness, produce measurable effects on brain function and overall well-being. We hypothesized that a mindfulness-based training program designed for engineering graduate students would improve emotional well-being and, secondarily, enhance research capacity. An initial pilot study was conducted at a single institution (Phase 1), followed by a larger study conducted at both the original and a second institution (Phase 2) to gather additional data and show the program's transferability. The program comprised eight weekly mindfulness training sessions. Individuals in the study were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or wait-list control group. We administered pre- and post-test surveys with quantitative measures designed to assess emotional and physical well-being, as well as creativity, research satisfaction, and desire to contribute to the betterment of society. Participants also completed a summative survey to evaluate the impact of the program on their well-being and research. Analysis revealed statistically significant findings: improved emotional health, decreased neuroticism, increased positive affect, decreased negative affect, and increased mindfulness in the intervention groups compared to the control groups. Intervention groups in Phase 2 also reported statistically significant improvement in satisfaction with their research. Our findings suggest that mindfulness training has the potential to play a vital professional and personal development role in graduate engineering education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C Crone
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Pelin Kesebir
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Beverly Hays
- Healthy Minds Innovations, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shilagh A Mirgain
- Healthy Minds Innovations, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Richard J Davidson
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Healthy Minds Innovations, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Susan C Hagness
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Church D, Stapleton P, Gosatti D, O’Keefe T. Effect of virtual group EcoMeditation on psychological conditions and flow states. Front Psychol 2022; 13:907846. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.907846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundA plethora of literature has delineated the therapeutic benefits of meditation practice on psychological functioning. A novel meditative practice, EcoMeditation, includes elements of four evidence-based techniques: The Quick Coherence Technique for regulating heart rate variability (HRV), Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), mindfulness, and neurofeedback.ObjectivesChanges in psychological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, pain, and happiness were measured following a one-day virtual EcoMeditation training workshop. The current study extended on previous literature by adding measures of transcendent experiences and flow states.MethodsParticipants were drawn from a convenience sample of 151 participants (130 female, 21 male) aged between 26 to 71 years (M = 45.1, SD = 9.19) attending a one-day virtual EcoMeditation workshop. They were assessed pre-workshop, post-workshop, and at 3-months follow-up.ResultsPost-workshop results (N = 111) indicated a significant reduction in anxiety (−42.3%, p < 0.001), depression (−37.5%, p < 0.001), posttraumatic stress (−13.0%, p < 0.001), and pain (−63.2%, p < 0.001) Likert mean scores when compared to pre-workshop. There was also a significant increase in happiness (+111.1%, p < 0.001), flow states (+17.4%, p < 0.001), and transcendent experiences (+18.5%, p < 0.001). At 3-months follow-up, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA (N = 72) found significant decreases in anxiety, depression, and pain symptoms between pre-test and post-test, as well between pre-test and follow-up. Flow, happiness, and transcendent experiences increased significantly between pre-test and post-test, as well as between pre-test and follow-up, with over 71% of participants experiencing clinically significant improvements. Significant reductions in posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms between pre-test and follow-up were also noted.ConclusionEcoMeditation is associated with significant improvements in psychological conditions such as anxiety, depression, pain, and posttraumatic stress. EcoMeditation was also shown to enhance flow states and transcendent experiences. The benefits identified were similar to those found in the existing literature and provide support for the use of EcoMeditation as an effective stress reduction method that improves psychological symptoms and enhances transcendent states.
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Liu X, Wu X, Wang Q, Zhou Z. Entrepreneurial mindfulness and organizational resilience of Chinese SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of entrepreneurial resilience. Front Psychol 2022; 13:992161. [PMID: 36275221 PMCID: PMC9583948 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organizational resilience is vital to the survival and thriving of enterprises, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there has been an increasing interest in organizational resilience, the effects from the entrepreneur perspective receive scant attention. Based on upper echelons theory (UET) and personality psychology, we propose a model in which entrepreneurial mindfulness and entrepreneurial resilience could influence organizational resilience of SMEs. We empirically analyzed a sample of 180 entrepreneurs managing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, using SmartPLS software. The research findings indicated that entrepreneurial mindfulness is positively associated with organizational resilience and such relationship is partially mediated by entrepreneurial resilience. These findings convey important theoretical implications in this field of research as well as practical implications for SMEs in China or other countries with similar nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Liu
- School of Management, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xuepeng Liu,
| | - Xiaohang Wu
- Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Management, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhou
- Department of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Linyi, China
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Crego A, Yela JR, Riesco-Matías P, Gómez-Martínez MÁ, Vicente-Arruebarrena A. The Benefits of Self-Compassion in Mental Health Professionals: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2599-2620. [PMID: 36133626 PMCID: PMC9482966 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s359382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of cultivating self-compassion is an often neglected issue among mental health professionals despite the risks to occupational well-being present in psychological care, such as burnout or compassion fatigue. In this context, this literature review has a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to raising awareness of the benefits of self-compassion among professionals, based on empirical research findings. Secondly, to coherently organize the available evidence on this topic, which to date appears scattered in a variety of articles. A systematic search on the APA PsycInfo database was conducted, and 24 empirical studies focused on the topic of the benefits of self-compassion in mental health professionals were finally selected. Concerning their methods, only 4 of the selected studies used experimental or quasi-experimental designs, 14 were cross-sectional studies, 3 presented qualitative research, and 3 were literature reviews. The research, regardless of methods used, points mainly to the benefits of self-compassion on the therapists’ mental health and well-being; prevention of occupational stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatization as well as improvement of therapeutic competencies and professional efficacy-related aspects. In the review, self-compassion appeared as a process that could explain the benefits (eg on burnout) of cultivating other skills (eg mindfulness). To further explore this point, an additional review included 17 studies focused on the effects of mindfulness or compassion-based interventions on therapists’ self-compassion. In conclusion, our work joins those who have recommended the inclusion of self-compassion trainings in the curricula of mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Crego
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Ramón Yela
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Riesco-Matías
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Gómez-Martínez
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Clinical and Health Psychology Service, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Aitor Vicente-Arruebarrena
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Clinical and Health Psychology Service, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Horrillo Álvarez B, Marín Martín C, Rodríguez Abuín M, Orio Ortiz L. Short mindfulness meditation training: does it really reduce perceived stress? Cogn Process 2022; 23:559-568. [PMID: 36129640 PMCID: PMC9553826 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-022-01108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To study whether an 8-week mindfulness meditation training program truly reduces perceived stress without designing a stress reduction program. An experimental study was performed in which we studied the effects of 8 weeks of MM training on attention and awareness, as measured by the MAAS (mindfulness attention awareness scale) and perceived stress, as measured by the PSQ (perceived stress questionnaire), in 80 volunteers from the general public recruited by email from university centers. An increase in the individual’s dispositional capacity to be attentive and aware of the experience of the present moment in everyday life was observed in the experimental group versus the control group; F (2, 156) = 14.30, p = .000, η2 partial = .155. Perceived stress showed no significant differences between groups in: social acceptance; F (2, 156) = 2.30, p = .103, overload; F (2, 156) = 2.32, p = .101, irritability, tension and fatigue; F (2, 156) = 2.27, p = .106, energy and joy; F (2, 156) = 2.79, p = .065. MM practice for 8 weeks of training increases the individual’s dispositional capacity to be attentive and aware of the experience of the present moment in everyday life but may not reduce perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Horrillo Álvarez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, CES Cardenal Cisneros, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Marín Martín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez Abuín
- Teacher Training Center, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Orio Ortiz
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Science, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Ding Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Peng Q, Yu J, Lu G, Wu H, Chen C. Correlations between smartphone addiction and alexithymia, attachment style, and subjective well-being: A meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:971735. [PMID: 36124050 PMCID: PMC9481561 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.971735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSmartphone addiction (SA) has become a social problem that affects peoples’ quality of life and is frequently reported to be correlated with alexithymia, avoidant or anxious attachment styles, and subjective well-being. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SA and alexithymia, attachment style, and subjective well-being.MethodsA meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG DATA, and Chongqing VIP Information Co., Ltd. (VIP). Stata 16.0 was used to analyze the overall effect and test the moderating effect.ResultsOne hundred and ten studies were included, involving a total of 96,680 participants. SA had a significantly high positive correlation with alexithymia (r = 0.40), attachment anxiety (r = 0.37), and negative emotions (r = 0.31), and a low positive correlation with attachment avoidance (r = 0.17). In addition, there was a high negative correlation between SA and subjective well-being (r = –0.33) and a low negative correlation between SA, life satisfaction (r = –0.17), and positive emotions (r = –0.18). A moderation analysis revealed that age significantly moderated the relationship between SA and positive emotions. The tools for measuring SA significantly moderated the relationship between SA, alexithymia, attachment anxiety, and subjective well-being. Meanwhile, subjective well-being measurement tools significantly moderated the relationships between SA, subjective well-being, and negative emotions.ConclusionSA was closely related to alexithymia, attachment style, and subjective well-being. In the future, longitudinal research can be conducted to better investigate the dynamic changes in the relationship between them.Systematic review registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022334798].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Ding
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jingfen Yu
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- School of Business, Institute of Business Administration, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huifang Wu
- School of Business, Institute of Business Administration, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Huifang Wu,
| | - Chaoran Chen
- School of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Chaoran Chen,
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22
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Wouters-Soomers L, Van Ruysseveldt J, Bos AER, Jacobs N. An individual perspective on psychological safety: The role of basic need satisfaction and self-compassion. Front Psychol 2022; 13:920908. [PMID: 36059778 PMCID: PMC9434267 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.920908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological safety is important for the well-being and productivity of people in the workplace. Psychological safety becomes even more important and even more difficult to maintain in times of uncertainty. Previous research mainly focused on the influence of and on interpersonal relationships. This study applies an individual perspective by investigating what is needed on an individual level in order to build psychological safety. The expectation was that self-compassion induces an individual to experience higher positive affect, and this advances the development of positive relations and social acceptance. Moreover, we assumed that the mediation of the relationship between self-compassion and positive relations and social acceptance by positive affect is moderated by the level of basic need satisfaction. Participants (N = 560) from the Netherlands and Belgium completed an online questionnaire about their level of self-compassion, basic need satisfaction, positive affect and positive relations and social acceptance. Using hierarchical regression analyses for moderated mediation analysis, results showed that self-compassion and positive affect had a significant positive effect on positive relations and social acceptance. Positive affect significantly mediated the relationship between self-compassion and positive relations and social acceptance, when basic need satisfaction was low, but not when basic need satisfaction was high. Our research showed that individuals need either their basic needs satisfied or self-compassion so they can build the high-quality relations needed to stimulate psychological safety. This finding shifts attention from the dyadic relationship to the individual and highlights important factors at the individual level which advance the development of high-quality relationships with others.
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Kotera Y, Lieu J, Kirkman A, Barnes K, Liu GHT, Jackson J, Wilkes J, Riswani R. Mental Wellbeing of Indonesian Students: Mean Comparison with UK Students and Relationships with Self-Compassion and Academic Engagement. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081439. [PMID: 36011098 PMCID: PMC9407787 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of Indonesian students in higher education has been increasing rapidly. However, many Indonesian university students report experiencing mental distress. Research on student wellbeing found that self-compassion (i.e., being kind towards oneself in challenging times) and academic engagement (i.e., a commitment and purposeful effort toward study) are essential to students’ mental wellbeing. With the present study, we aimed to assess the mental wellbeing of Indonesian students. A convenience sample of 156 Indonesian students completed self-report measures on mental wellbeing, self-compassion and academic engagement (consisting of vigour, dedication and absorption). To contextualise their mental wellbeing, data from Indonesian students were compared with those from 145 UK students using Welch t-tests. Correlation, regression and mediation analyses were then performed to examine the relationships among these variables. Indonesian students had higher levels of self-compassion and absorption and a lower level of dedication than UK students. Self-compassion and academic engagement explained 36% of variance in mental wellbeing. Self-compassion and vigour were identified as significant predictors of mental wellbeing, whereas self-compassion was the strongest predictor. Lastly, vigour did not mediate the pathway from self-compassion to mental wellbeing. Interventions to support self-compassion and academic engagement, especially vigour, in Indonesian students are recommended to support their mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK;
| | - Jenai Lieu
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Ann Kirkman
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Kristian Barnes
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Gillian H. T. Liu
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jessica Jackson
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Juliet Wilkes
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (G.H.T.L.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Riswani Riswani
- Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia;
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Bunjak A, Černe M, Schölly EL. Exploring the past, present, and future of the mindfulness field: A multitechnique bibliometric review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:792599. [PMID: 35959046 PMCID: PMC9361873 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the mindfulness literature up until the end of 2020 by (a) uncovering its underlying intellectual structure, (b) identifying the most influential and popular themes, and (c) presenting new directions for future research on mindfulness. To this end, a systematic quantitative review based on bibliometric methods was conducted, which is perhaps less prone to researcher bias and can complement existing meta-analyses and qualitative (narrative) structured reviews as an objective approach. Three bibliometric techniques—document co-citation analysis, co-word (co-occurrence and content) analysis, and bibliographic coupling—were applied to explore the past, present, and future of mindfulness research. The co-citation analysis showed that measurement, mechanisms, mindfulness-based interventions, and examinations of the efficacy of mindfulness interventions are among the key theoretical knowledge bases from which the field of mindfulness is derived. The content analysis demonstrated the beneficial effects of mindfulness meditation for physical and mental health conditions. The bibliographic coupling revealed novel directions in cognitive behavioral therapy, emotion regulation, the application of mindfulness practice to children and adolescents, mindfulness at work, and the role of mindfulness in positive psychology. The large sample of articles that was analyzed allowed us to provide a broader and more objective overview than possible with other forms of literature reviews. The combination of the three bibliometric techniques granted deeper insights into the complex multidisciplinary field of mindfulness, along with specific suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldijana Bunjak
- Institute for Leadership and Human Resource Management, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Aldijana Bunjak
| | - Matej Černe
- School of Economics and Business, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emilie Lara Schölly
- Institute for Leadership and Human Resource Management, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Maftei A, Lãzãrescu G. Times Are Harsh, Be Kind to Yourself! Anxiety, Life Satisfaction, and the Mediating Role of Self-Compassion. Front Psychol 2022; 13:915524. [PMID: 35747672 PMCID: PMC9209759 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research aimed to explore the indirect effect of self-compassion on the relationship between two dimensions of intolerance of uncertainty (i.e., prospective and inhibitory anxiety) and life satisfaction. One hundred sixty-four Romanian adult participants formed our sample from the country's eastern side. Their ages ranged between 18 and 61 (M = 23.45, SD = 7.70, 72% females). The study was conducted in 2021, when the Delta wave of COVID-19 was at its peak. Our findings suggested significant negative associations between prospective anxiety, self-compassion, and life satisfaction. A similar negative significant association was suggested between inhibitory anxiety and self-compassion. Age did not significantly correlate with any of our primary variables. Mediation analyses indicated a total mediating effect of self-compassion on the relationship between participants' prospective and inhibitory anxiety and their life satisfaction. We discuss the implications of our findings, considering their relevance for therapeutical interventions aimed to promote psychological wellbeing when facing adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maftei
- Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania
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Miglianico M, Thériault R, Lavoie B, Labelle P, Joussemet M, Veilleux M, Lambert J, Bertrand-Dubois D. Pratiques cliniques inspirées par la recherche en psychologie positive. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Wang SC, Hu WY, Lalande L, Chang JC, Tsai SY, Chang SC, Wen TK. Evaluation of Guided Respiration Mindfulness Therapy (GRMT) for Reducing Stress in Nurses. J Holist Nurs 2022; 41:155-167. [PMID: 35536701 DOI: 10.1177/08980101221094973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Guided respiration mindfulness therapy (GRMT) is a clinical model of breathwork that has shown promise as a treatment for depression, anxiety, and stress. This study examined the effectiveness of GRMT as a holistically oriented intervention for reducing psychological distress in nurses. Sixty-two nurses were assigned to either five sessions of GRMT or 5 sessions of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) comparison condition which were conducted over 5 weeks. A no-treatment control was also included. Session-by-session change in depression, anxiety, and stress, along with change in mindfulness and self-compassion were assessed. Multilevel analysis showed GRMT resulted in statistically significant reductions in overall psychological distress, anxiety, and stress levels, as well as significant increases in mindfulness and self-compassion with large to very large effect sizes. On all measures, GRMT performed better than the comparison MBI intervention which showed no significant effect on stress levels. Results suggest that GRMT can provide nurses with an effective group intervention for reducing stress, and increasing mindfulness and self-compassion which are foundational elements of self-care for the holistic nurse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Wang
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Hu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lloyd Lalande
- 63495Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Tsai
- 38005School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Chang
- Department of Nursing, 59216Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Kuen Wen
- Dila Department of Buddhist Studies, 447689Dharma Drum Institute of Liberal Arts, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mubarak N, Khan J, Khan AK. Psychological distress and project success: The moderating role of employees’ resilience and mindfulness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Relationships among Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Employees in an International Business. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationships among mindfulness, self-compassion, and subjective well-being among employees. The questionnaire research method was used to collect data in this study, and the subjects included employees of Carrefour, an international business in Taiwan. A total of 629 valid questionnaires were used to evaluate the overall structure and analyze the mediating effect with the SPSS 21.0 statistical software. The results showed that mindfulness was positively related to subjective well-being, mindfulness was positively related to self-compassion, and self-compassion was positively related to subjective well-being. It was also found that self-compassion partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and subjective well-being.
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The Mediating Role of Mindfulness in the relationship between emotional distress tolerance and coping Styles in Turkish University students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-022-09469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mental Health Shame, Caregiver Identity, and Self-Compassion in UK Education Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030584. [PMID: 35327069 PMCID: PMC8955797 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although students in education have high rates of mental health problems, many of them do not ask for help, which can exacerbate their symptoms. One reason for their low help-seeking is shame associated with mental health problems. As education students aspire to provide care for children, they may feel ashamed to care for themselves, as the role identity theory suggests. Self-compassion is reported to reduce shame and mental health problems. This study explored the relationships between mental health problems, mental health shame, self-compassion, and caregiver identity among UK education students. One hundred and nine postgraduate students completed four self-report scales regarding those constructs. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. Mental health problems were positively associated with shame and identity, and negatively associated with self-compassion. Self-compassion was the only significant predictor of mental health problems. Findings will help educators and education students to develop effective approaches for their mental health problems.
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Zuckerman S, Lightsey OR, White JM. What predicts suicidality among psychologists? An examination of risk and resilience. DEATH STUDIES 2022; 47:192-203. [PMID: 35266437 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2022.2042753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Psychologists may have a uniquely high risk for suicide. We examined whether, among 172 psychologists, factors predicting suicide risk among the general population (e.g., gender and mental illness), occupational factors (e.g., burnout and secondary traumatic stress), and past trauma predicted suicidality. We also tested whether resilience and meaning in life were negatively related to suicidality and whether resilience buffered relationships between risk factors and suicidality. Family history of mental illness, number of traumas, and lifetime depression/anxiety predicted higher suicidality, whereas resilience predicted lower suicidality. At higher levels of resilience, the relationship between family history of suicide and suicidality was stronger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zuckerman
- Department of Counseling, Educational, Psychology and Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Owen Richard Lightsey
- Department of Counseling, Educational, Psychology and Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joseph Michael White
- Department of Counseling, Educational, Psychology and Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Holt E. Student counsellors’ experiences of mindfulness as a component of their person‐centred counselling training: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Holt
- School of Health and Society University of Salford Salford UK
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Bajaj B, Khoury B, Sengupta S. Resilience and Stress as Mediators in the Relationship of Mindfulness and Happiness. Front Psychol 2022; 13:771263. [PMID: 35185720 PMCID: PMC8850270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.771263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the mediation effects of resilience and stress, two perceived opposite constructs, in the relationship between mindfulness and happiness. Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales short version-21 were administered to 523 undergraduate university students in India. Structural Equation Modeling with bootstrapping was applied to test the mediating effects of resilience and stress. Results showed that resilience and stress partially mediated the mindfulness-happiness relationship. In addition, resilience partially mediated the relationship of mindfulness to stress. Findings suggest that mindfulness may play an influential role in enhancing happiness through the mediating effects of resilience and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badri Bajaj
- Humanities and Social Sciences, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Bassam Khoury
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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35
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Gip H, The Khoa D, Guchait P, Fernando Garcia R, Pasamehmetoglu A. Employee mindfulness and creativity: when emotions and national culture matter. SERVICE INDUSTRIES JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02642069.2022.2037570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huy Gip
- Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Do The Khoa
- Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Service Science, College of Technology Management, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Priyanko Guchait
- Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Aysin Pasamehmetoglu
- School of Applied Sciences, Hotel Management Program, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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36
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Jones P, Drummond P. Construction and evaluation of a mindfulness-based quality of life and well-being program (MQW) in a randomized trial. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDue to the multi-factorial nature of the self-report of happiness, an enhancement program was designed that focused on mental style (subjective processes), and relationships, work, money, health, and leisure (objective life domains). An examination of interventions revealed mindfulness training (subjective factors) and goal setting (objective factors) as effective change modalities. To address this, the Mindfulness-based Quality of Life and Well-being Program (MQW) was developed and evaluated against the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Quality of Life Index, Personal Wellbeing Index–Adult, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, the Satisfaction with Life scale, and the newly developed Clinical Quality of Life Scale (CLINQOL). To explore training protocol effects, the program was delivered in a graduated (6 weekly sessions x 2 hours) and intensive (2 consecutive days x 6 hours) format. Using a randomized trial, participants were allocated across these conditions and a control. A total of 191 participants completed the study and were assessed at pre, post and follow up time points. Increases in mindfulness, quality of life, subjective well-being, and positive and negative affect (not life satisfaction), were greater in treated (combined formats) than control participants at post-test, and for mindfulness at follow up. Other than an increase in mindfulness for the 2 day condition at follow up, changes were similar in both intervention formats. Finally, to investigate what unique difference the MQW might have in comparison to teaching just mindfulness, the full version of the program was compared to an expanded section of the mindfulness component of the program. A total of 74 subjects began the program and filled out assessments across the three time periods. There was no difference between groups or an interaction between group and time. Overall, the findings provide preliminary evidence that a multi-dimensional training approach, using mindfulness and goal setting, may be a beneficial intervention model to enhance subjective and objective components in the perception of quality of life and well-being. However, further investigation into its added benefit to mindfulness alone is required.
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Wyatt JP, Ampadu GG. Reclaiming Self-care: Self-care as a Social Justice Tool for Black Wellness. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:213-221. [PMID: 34478022 PMCID: PMC8414023 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Black communities face multiple stressors including racism, discrimination, and navigating systems of oppression, all of which affect their mental health and wellbeing. In recent years, the practice of self-care has gained popularity as a strategy to cope with stress and to improve overall health. However, the current discourse often focuses on individual self-care behaviors and excludes systemic and community level factors that encourage, sustain, or inhibit self-care practices. This paper contextualizes a conceptual model of self-care with intersectionality theory and the psychology of liberation framework, in relation to the lived experiences of Black communities. The paper aims to underscore the necessity of self and community care as a tool for social justice, preservation, and resistance against oppressive systems that threaten the mental health and wellness of this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janan P Wyatt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Program for Recovery and Community Health, Erector Square, 319 Peck St., Bldg. 1, New Haven, CT, 06513, USA.
| | - Gifty G Ampadu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, 3340 Bainbridge Ave., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
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Watson T, Walker O, Cann R, Varghese AK. The benefits of mindfulness in mental healthcare professionals. F1000Res 2022; 10:1085. [PMID: 35387270 PMCID: PMC8943343 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73729.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Burnout is a widely reported syndrome consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a lowered sense of accomplishment. Mindfulness practices have been shown to be useful in lowering distress and burnout in clinical and non-clinical cohorts. Our aim was to explore the potential personal and occupational benefits of a structured mindfulness intervention on a cohort of mental health professionals. A mixed-methods approach was utilised in order to enhance the exploratory power of the study.
Methods: We conducted a pilot study involving healthcare practitioners employed at a community outpatient mental health clinic. As a pilot, we relied on a single group and implemented a quasi-experimental, simultaneous mixed methods design by incorporating both quantitative pre- and post- testing alongside written qualitative post-test responses.
Results: Analysis of the data demonstrated a significant difference between overall mindfulness when comparing post-test (mean=140.8, standard deviation=18.9) with pre-test data (mean=128.3, standard deviation=28.6). Participants also showed a statistically significant difference in three of the subscales: observation, describing, and non-reactivity. A moderate effect size was seen for each of the above differences. Analysis of the qualitative data revealed a range of potential themes which may be used to explain the differences exhibited across participants’ personal and professional lives, which can be grouped into two thematic overarching groups: emotional reactivity and listening/communicating.
Conclusions: The results of this pilot study indicate that a structured, six-week mindfulness program has the potential to benefit clinicians, personally by reducing emotional reactivity and professionally by promoting deep listening and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayler Watson
- Mental Health, Drugs and Alcohol Service, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| | - Owen Walker
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, 3806, Australia
| | - Robin Cann
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, NS B3S 0H6, Canada
| | - Ashwin K Varghese
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, 3806, Australia
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Baudino MN, Roberts CM, Edwards CS, Gamwell KL, Tung J, Jacobs NJ, Grunow JE, Chaney JM. The impact of illness intrusiveness and overparenting on depressive symptoms in parents of youth with inflammatory bowel disease. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2022; 27:e12362. [PMID: 34811881 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management creates significant caregiver demands that can interfere with parents' ability to engage in a number of role functions (i.e., illness intrusiveness) well into their child's adolescence, potentially resulting in excessive or misdirected parenting (i.e., overparenting). Disruptions and limited access to routine and valued activities (e.g., family, work, and leisure) due to IBD and excessive parenting may result in parents neglecting their own personal and emotional self-care needs, increasing their risk for depressive symptoms. To explore these associations, the present study examined parents' experience of illness intrusiveness and subsequent overparenting as serial mediators in the association between disease severity and parent depressive symptoms. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were 146 caregivers of adolescents with IBD from an outpatient pediatric gastroenterology clinic. During a scheduled outpatient visit, parents completed measures of illness intrusiveness, overparenting, and depressive symptoms. Pediatric gastroenterologists provided ratings of disease severity. RESULTS Several direct and indirect associations were observed among the modeled variables. Notably, mediation analysis revealed a significant disease severity → illness intrusiveness → overparenting → depressive symptoms serial indirect effect. CONCLUSIONS Parents' experience of greater IBD-induced lifestyle disruptions is associated with increased overparenting and a heightened risk for depressive symptoms. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Parents should be encouraged to establish and maintain a healthy balance between parenting and self-care/role function activities, especially during adolescence when greater youth autonomy and independence are crucial. These types of clinical efforts may reduce the likelihood of parents experiencing depressive symptoms, and have the added benefit of improving adolescent IBD self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa N Baudino
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Caroline M Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Clayton S Edwards
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Gamwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeanne Tung
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Oklahoma Children's Physicians, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Noel J Jacobs
- General and Community Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Children's Physicians, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - John E Grunow
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Oklahoma Children's Physicians, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - John M Chaney
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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40
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Domínguez-Clavé E, Soler J, Elices M, Franquesa A, Álvarez E, Pascual JC. Ayahuasca may help to improve self-compassion and self-criticism capacities. Hum Psychopharmacol 2022; 37:e2807. [PMID: 34411343 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ayahuasca is a psychedelic brew that originated in the Amazon basin. The psychological effects of this drug are becoming better understood due to the growing research interest in identifying new potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of emotion dysregulation and other disorders. Previous studies suggest that ayahuasca enhances mindfulness-related capacities (decentering, non-judging, non-reacting and acceptance) and emotion regulation. The aim of the present exploratory study was to determine the effects of ayahuasca on self-compassion in a community sample. METHODS We administered validated questionnaires (the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form and Forms of Self-Criticism and Self-Reassurance) to evaluate pre-post changes in self-compassion and self-criticism/self-reassurance in 45 volunteers (27 women; 60%) before and after (≤24 h) an ayahuasca ceremony. Most participants (n = 29; 67.4%) had previously used ayahuasca. RESULTS Ayahuasca resulted in significant improvements, with medium to large effect sizes (η2 = 0.184-0.276), in measures of self-compassion (p < 0.05), self-criticism (p < 0.01) and self-reassurance (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that ayahuasca promotes well-being and self-compassion, which could have a therapeutic effect on individuals with negative affect and other psychopathological conditions. Large, controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Domínguez-Clavé
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Soler
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde Elices
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Franquesa
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Álvarez
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan C Pascual
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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41
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Bulmer L, Stanley C, Loffredo L, Mills R, Doyle L. Building a foundation in self-awareness: Genetic counseling students' experiences with self-care, reflection, and mindfulness. J Genet Couns 2021; 31:722-734. [PMID: 34854516 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Stress and anxiety are significant concerns for practicing genetic counselors as well as genetic counseling students and can have downstream effects on patient care. Prior research suggests graduate-level training in self-awareness practices such as self-care, reflection, and mindfulness could have lasting effects for genetic counselors, their patients, and the profession as a whole. This mixed-methods study assessed self-awareness among 154 genetic counseling graduate students using the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS), the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and self-described experiences with self-awareness practice. Genetic counseling students had significantly lower mean scores on the MAAS and the Insight subscale of the SRIS compared with other health professionals, indicating that genetic counseling students have lower levels of mindfulness and may lack insight into their thoughts and feelings. After starting genetic counseling graduate programs, students were more likely to reduce participation in active self-awareness practices such as physical activity and mental health counseling. Most students reported having structured practice in self-care (n = 97, 63%), reflection (n = 125, 81.2%), and mindfulness (n = 77, 50%) as a part of their training programs. Second-year genetic counseling students reporting mindfulness practices had significantly higher scores on the Insight subscale of the SRIS than those who did not, indicating that students engaged in mindfulness practice are better able to understand their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. The majority of students reported benefitting from structured practice in self-care (n = 63, 64.9%), reflection (n = 101, 80%), and mindfulness (n = 54, 70.1%). Open-ended responses regarding students' perceived benefits and limitations of structured practice were analyzed for recurrent themes. Students reported improved self-awareness which enhanced their counseling relationships during clinical rotations. However, they also perceived that implementation of self-awareness practices may have been inconsistent. Findings from this study have implications for integrating self-awareness practices into genetic counseling graduate curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bulmer
- MS Genetic Counseling Program, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Women's Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Christy Stanley
- Comprehensive Fetal Care Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Rachel Mills
- MS Genetic Counseling Program, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Doyle
- MS Genetic Counseling Program, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Education Program on Brain Waves and the Autonomic Nervous System in University Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111606. [PMID: 34828651 PMCID: PMC8625257 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mindfulness, defined as the awareness emerging from purposefully paying attention to the present moment, has been shown to be effective in reducing stress and, thus, promoting psychological well-being. This study investigated the effects of a mindfulness-based education program on mindfulness, brain waves, and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in university students in Korea. Methods: This study is a quantitative and experimental research with a single-group pre-post design. Six sessions of mindfulness-based intervention were applied. In total, 42 students completed a mindfulness questionnaire before and after the intervention, and 28 among them completed pre-intervention and post-intervention measures of brain waves and ANS. Results: The level of mindfulness increased in the participants after intervention. Regarding brain waves, the alpha and theta waves increased, but the beta waves decreased. There was no significant difference in the ANS, presenting no change in heart rate variability. Conclusions: We identified the positive effects of the mindfulness-based education program for university students. The findings indicate that this program may help students not only relax, but also generate a mindfulness state in stressful situations, potentially leading to a successful university life. This study can be used as a basis for quality improvement and sustainability of mindfulness-based education programs for university students.
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Hilt LM, Swords CM. Acceptability and Preliminary Effects of a Mindfulness Mobile Application for Ruminative Adolescents. Behav Ther 2021; 52:1339-1350. [PMID: 34656190 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rumination is a transdiagnostic risk factor that appears to be reduced through mindfulness interventions. However, mindfulness mobile apps have not been tested for their effects on rumination, especially among adolescents. Thus, we aimed to test the acceptability and effects of a mindfulness mobile intervention among ruminative adolescents using a within-subjects pretest/posttest design. Participants were 80 adolescents ages 12-15, selected for moderate-to-high rumination (M age = 14.01, SD = .99; 46.2% girls; 86.25% White; 3.75% Hispanic). We asked adolescents to use our mindfulness app 3 times per day for 3 weeks. Participants and parents completed questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and 6 and 12 weeks later. Acceptability was assessed by tracking app use and asking adolescents and parents to report on their experiences post-intervention. We assessed repetitive negative thinking (i.e., rumination and worry) and internalizing symptoms via self- and parent-report. The intervention demonstrated acceptability, and there were significant reductions in rumination, worry, anxiety and parent-reported internalizing symptoms post-intervention. Effects on rumination, anxiety and internalizing symptoms persisted throughout the 12-week follow-up with large effect sizes using an intention-to-treat approach. Thus, a brief mindfulness mobile app intervention appeared to be both engaging and helpful in reducing negative repetitive thinking and internalizing symptoms among ruminative adolescents. It will be important to test this intervention in a randomized controlled trial to control for effects of time and attention.
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Shim M, Tilley JL, Im S, Price K, Gonzalez A. A Systematic Review of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia and Caregivers. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:528-554. [PMID: 32935611 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720957104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article was to systematically review the quality and efficacy of the current evidence for mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), patients with dementia (PwD), and their caregivers. We identified 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (11 for patients, 9 for caregivers) published in the last 15 years. Evidence suggested that MBIs are highly acceptable and credible treatments for patients with MCI, PwD and caregivers. Specifically, for PwD, the results indicated that the magnitude of post-treatment effects of MBIs are in the medium to large range for psychosocial outcomes, and in the small to medium range for cognitive functioning; however, treatment effects on dementia biomarkers were mixed, ranging from small to large, depending on the outcome measure. Findings also evidenced salutary effects of MBIs for caregivers of PwD, with post-treatment effects ranging from medium to large for caregiver stress and burden and large effects for quality of life, and mixed outcomes for cognitive functioning, with effects in the small to large range. However, confidence in these findings is relatively limited due to methodological limitations, especially in terms of poor consistency in intervention strategies, outcome measures, and other key criteria across studies. To better assess the value of MBIs for these populations and optimize treatment outcomes, we recommend further research with improved study methodology (e.g., multi-method assessment, universal criterion and outcome measures, use of active control groups, larger sample sizes, long-term follow-up) to replicate current findings and enhance our understanding of underlying treatment mechanisms of MBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Shim
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline L Tilley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sungjin Im
- Department of Psychology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Kevin Price
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Adam Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Montani F, Courcy F, Battistelli A, de Witte H. Job insecurity and innovative work behaviour: A moderated mediation model of intrinsic motivation and trait mindfulness. Stress Health 2021; 37:742-754. [PMID: 33580914 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Research has disregarded the processes and boundary conditions associated with the effects of job insecurity on innovative work behaviour. Combining the job demands-resources and the self-determination perspectives, the present study develops and tests a first-stage moderated mediation model that identifies intrinsic motivation as a key mechanism accounting for a negative effect of job insecurity on innovative behaviour and trait mindfulness as a buffer against the detrimental impact of job insecurity on intrinsic motivation and, indirectly, innovative work behaviour. Two time-lagged studies-a two-wave study of 138 employees from Canadian firms and a three-wave study of 157 employees from US firms-were conducted to test the hypothesized model. Supporting our predictions, intrinsic motivation mediated a negative relationship between job insecurity and innovative work behaviour. Moreover, high levels of trait mindfulness were observed to attenuate the negative relationship of job insecurity with intrinsic motivation and, indirectly, innovative behaviour. These findings contribute to the literature by disclosing the processes linking job insecurity with impaired work outcomes and help to elucidate how and when employee can keep their innovative potential alive in spite of insecure work conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Montani
- Department of Management, University of Bologna-Rimini Campus, Rimini, Italy
| | - François Courcy
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Hans de Witte
- Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Deckers M, Altmann T, Roth M. The influence of individual personality traits and team characteristics on training transfer: A longitudinal study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijtd.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Deckers
- Department of Differential Psychology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Tobias Altmann
- Department of Differential Psychology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Marcus Roth
- Department of Differential Psychology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
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Degen L, Linden K, Seifried-Dübon T, Werners B, Grot M, Rind E, Pieper C, Eilerts AL, Schroeder V, Kasten S, Schmidt M, Goebel J, Rieger MA, Weltermann BM. Job Satisfaction and Chronic Stress of General Practitioners and Their Teams: Baseline Data of a Cluster-Randomised Trial (IMPROVE job). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189458. [PMID: 34574383 PMCID: PMC8466539 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: A high prevalence of poor job satisfaction and high chronic stress is documented for general practitioners (GPs) and non-physician practice staff from various countries. The reasons are multifactorial and include deficits in leadership, communication and workflows. This publicly funded study evaluates the effectiveness of the newly developed participatory, interdisciplinary, and multimodal IMPROVEjob intervention on improving job satisfaction among GPs and practice personnel. Here, we report the baseline characteristics of the participating GPs and practice assistants, focusing on job satisfaction and perceived chronic stress. Methods: The IMPROVEjob study was performed as a cluster-randomised, controlled trial (cRCT) with German GP practices in the North Rhine Region. The IMPROVEjob intervention comprised two leadership workshops (one for practice leaders only; a second for leaders and practice assistants), a toolbox with supplemental printed and online material, and a nine-month implementation phase supported by IMPROVEjob facilitators. The intervention addressed issues of leadership, communication, and work processes. During study nurse visits, participants completed questionnaires at baseline and after nine months follow up. The primary outcome was the change in job satisfaction as measured by the respective scale of the validated German version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (German COPSOQ, version 2018). Perceived chronic stress was measured using the Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress (TICS- SSCS). Results: Recruitment of 60 practices was successful: 21 were solo, 39 were group practices. At baseline, n = 84 practice owners, n = 28 employed physicians and n = 254 practice assistants were included. The mean age of all participants was 44.4 (SD = 12.8). At baseline, the job satisfaction score in the total sample was 74.19 of 100 (±14.45) and the perceived chronic stress score was 19.04 of 48 (±8.78). Practice assistants had a significantly lower job satisfaction than practice owners (p < 0.05) and employed physicians (p < 0.05). In the regression analysis, perceived chronic stress was negatively associated with job satisfaction (b= −0.606, SE b = 0.082, p < 0.001, ICC = 0.10). Discussion: The degree of job satisfaction was similar to those in other medical professionals published in studies, while perceived chronic stress was markedly higher compared to the general German population. These findings confirm the need for interventions to improve psychological wellbeing in GP practice personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Degen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-228-287-11156
| | - Karen Linden
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Tanja Seifried-Dübon
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Brigitte Werners
- Institute of Management, Operations Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (B.W.); (M.G.)
| | - Matthias Grot
- Institute of Management, Operations Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (B.W.); (M.G.)
| | - Esther Rind
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tuebingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany; (E.R.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Claudia Pieper
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.P.); (A.-L.E.)
| | - Anna-Lisa Eilerts
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.P.); (A.-L.E.)
| | - Verena Schroeder
- Center for Clinical Trials, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Kasten
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Julian Goebel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tuebingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany; (E.R.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Birgitta M. Weltermann
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.L.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.G.); (B.M.W.)
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Pappous A(S, Mohammed WA, Sharma D. Physiotherapists’ experiences with a four-week mindfulness-based stress reduction program. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1745272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dinkar Sharma
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Keynes College, Kent, UK
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Vitale E. Gender Gap in Mindfulness Assessment Among Italian Nurses: A Pilot Descriptive Study. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED PSYCHOTHERAPIES 2021. [DOI: 10.24193/jebp.2021.2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
"Purpose: The present study aimed to explore gender differences in the
mindfulness tendency, specifically in the awareness and attention
dimensions and also in the observing, describing, acting with awareness and
accepting without judgement in Italian nurses.
Methods: In June 2020 an on-line questionnaire was administered to nurses
in order to analyze any differences both in the Mindfulness Attention
Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills
(KIMS) according to gender variable.
Findings: 200 questionnaires were collected. Findings showed significant
higher MAAS total score in males than females (p=.004). Additionally, by
considering the four sub dimensions in the Mindfulness tendency, females
reported significant higher levels in some items of “Observe” (p=.004) and
“Act with awareness” (p=.001) than males, while males reported significant
higher scores in the “Accept without judgement” than females (p<.001).
Conclusions: The present study was a pilot research on exploring gender
differences in mindfulness in Italian nurses in order to hope that it will be
only the beginning of empirical research on this topic and to better address
future mindfulness training courses addressed to nurses by emphasizing
certain aspects of mindfulness for females compared to males and vice versa."
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Vitale
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Authority Bari, Italy
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Strand M, Stige SH. Combining mindfulness and compassion in the treatment of complex trauma – a theoretical exploration. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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