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Nicolaï MPJ, Debruyn G, Soenens M, Shawkey MD, D’Alba L. Nanoscale millefeuilles produce iridescent bill ornaments in birds. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae138. [PMID: 38638835 PMCID: PMC11026107 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Colors are well studied in bird plumage but not in other integumentary structures. In particular, iridescent colors from structures other than plumage are undescribed in birds. Here, we show that a multilayer of keratin and lipids is sufficient to produce the iridescent bill of Spermophaga haematina. Furthermore, that the male bill is presented to the female under different angles during display provides support for the hypothesis that iridescence evolved in response to sexual selection. This is the first report of an iridescent bill, and only the second instance of iridescence in birds in which melanosomes are not involved. Furthermore, an investigation of museum specimens of an additional 98 species, showed that this evolved once, possibly twice. These results are promising, as they suggest that birds utilize a wider array of physical phenomena to produce coloration and should further stimulate research on nonplumage integumentary colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël P J Nicolaï
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Recent Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Gerben Debruyn
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Mieke Soenens
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Matthew D Shawkey
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Liliana D’Alba
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Vogelbacher F, Song Y, Tian Y, Li M. Bio-inspired optical structures for enhancing luminescence. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20220052. [PMID: 37933238 PMCID: PMC10624395 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence is an essential signal for many plants, insects, and marine organisms to attract the opposite sex, avoid predators, and so on. Most luminescent living organisms have ingenious optical structures which can help them get high luminescent performances. These remarkable and efficient structures have been formed by natural selection from long-time evolution. Researchers keenly observed the enhanced luminescence phenomena and studied how these phenomena happen in order to learn the characteristics of bio-photonics. In this review, we summarize the optical structures for enhancing luminescence and their applications. The structures are classified according to their different functions. We focus on how researchers use these biological inspirations to enhance different luminescence processes, such as chemiluminescence (CL), photoluminescence (PL), and electroluminescence (EL). It lays a foundation for further research on the applications of luminescence enhancement. Furthermore, we give examples of luminescence enhancement by bio-inspired structures in information encryption, biochemical detection, and light sources. These examples show that it is possible to use bio-inspired optical structures to solve complex problems in optical applications. Our work will provide guidance for research on biomimetic optics, micro- and nano-optical structures, and enhanced luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
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Duan C, Wang B, Li J, Xu J, Zeng J, Ying G, Chen K. Multidimensional dynamic regulation of cellulose coloration for digital recognition and humidity response. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123597. [PMID: 36796560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Structural color is an eye-catching phenomenon in nature, which originates from the synergistic effect of cholesteric structure inside living organisms and light. However, biomimetic design and green construction of dynamically tunable structural color materials have been a great challenge in the field of photonic manufacturing. In this work, the new ability of L-lactic acid (LLA) to multi-dimensionally modulate the cholesteric structures constructed from cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is revealed for the first time. By studying the molecular-scale hydrogen bonding mechanism, a novel strategy that electrostatic repulsion and hydrogen bonding forces jointly drive the uniform arrangement of cholesteric structures is proposed. Due to the flexible tunability and uniform alignment of the CNC cholesteric structure, different encoded messages were developed in the CNC/LLA (CL) pattern. Under different viewing conditions, the recognition information of different digits will continue to reversibly and rapidly switch until the cholesteric structure is destroyed. In addition, the LLA molecules facilitated the more sensitive response of the CL film to the humidity environment, making it exhibit reversible and tunable structural colors under different humidity. These excellent properties provide more possibilities for the application of CL materials in the fields of multi-dimensional display, anti-counterfeiting encryption, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Duan
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China.
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Guangdong Ying
- Shandong Sun Holdings Group, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yanzhou District, Jining 272100, China.
| | - Kefu Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 51006, China
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Piszter G, Kertész K, Bálint Z, Biró LP. Wide-gamut structural colours on oakblue butterflies by naturally tuned photonic nanoarchitectures. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:221487. [PMID: 37035285 PMCID: PMC10073902 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.221487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The iridescent structural colours of butterflies, generated by photonic nanoarchitectures, often function as species-specific sexual signals; therefore, they are reproduced precisely from generation to generation. The wing scales of oakblue hairstreak butterflies (genus Arhopala, Theclinae, Lycaenidae, Lepidoptera) contain multi-layer photonic nanoarchitectures, which can generate a wide range of structural colours, from violet to green. By scanning (SEM) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation, the colour tuning mechanism of the cover scales was explored. We revealed that the characteristic size change of structural elements in similar photonic nanoarchitectures led to different structural colours that were examined by various reflectance spectrophotometry techniques. The measured structural properties of the naturally tuned photonic nanoarchitectures were used to calculate wing reflectances, which were compared with the measurement results. We found that the simulated structural colours were systematically redshifted by 95-126 nm as compared with the measured normal-incidence reflectance results. This is attributed to the swelling of the chitinous multi-layer structures during the standard TEM sample preparation and the tilt of the cover scales, which both affect the apparent layer thicknesses in the TEM cross-sections. We proposed a simulation correction and compared the results with the layer thicknesses measured on cryogenically prepared non-embedded SEM cross-sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Piszter
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, PO Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kertész
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, PO Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bálint
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, PO Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 13 Baross St., 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Péter Biró
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, PO Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
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Machordom A, Ahyong ST, Andreakis N, Baba K, Buckley D, García-Jiménez R, McCallum AW, Rodríguez-Flores PC, Macpherson E. Deconstructing the crustacean squat lobster genus. INVERTEBR SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/is22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Unravelling the evolutionary history of taxa requires solid delimitation of the traits characterising these. This can be challenging especially in groups with a highly complex taxonomy. The squat lobster family Munididae contains more than 450 species distributed among 21 genera, Munida being the most speciose (~300 species). Previous phylogenetic studies, based on a small part of the diversity of the group, have suggested polyphyletic origins for Munida and the paraphyly of Munididae. Here, we use an integrative approach based on multi-locus phylogenies (two mitochondrial and three nuclear markers) paired with 120 morphological characters, to resolve taxonomic and evolutionary relationships within Munididae. Our study covers ~60% of the family’s known diversity (over 800 specimens of 291 species belonging to 19 of the 21 genera collected from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans). Using this information, we confirm the validity of most genera, proposing new ones in cases where the genetic analyses are compatible with morphological characters. Four well-defined munidid clades were recovered, suggesting that new genera should be erected in the currently recognised Munididae (three for the genus Agononida and eleven in Munida), and the genus Grimothea is resurrected. A key to all genera of the family is presented. Molecular clock estimates and ancestral biogeographic area reconstructions complement the taxonomic profiles and suggest some explosive diversification within Munididae during the Cretaceous and the Palaeogene. Further anagenetic events and narrow sympatry accounting for changes in distribution indicate a more limited dispersal capacity than previously considered. Our study unravels how diversification may occur in deep waters and further highlights the importance of the integrative approach in accurately delineating species in understanding the history of a family and the factors driving the evolution. ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:16A61C4A-8D96-4372-820F-8EBDF179B43C
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Shin JH, Park JY, Han SH, Lee YH, Sun J, Choi SS. Color-Tuning Mechanism of Electrically Stretchable Photonic Organogels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202897. [PMID: 35798315 PMCID: PMC9443443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to nano-processed rigid photonic crystals with fixed structures, soft photonic organic hydrogel beads with dielectric nanostructures possess advanced capabilities, such as stimuli-responsive deformation and photonic wavelength color changes. Recenlty, advanced from well-investigated mechanochromic method, an electromechanical stress approach is used to demonstrate electrically induced mechanical color shifts in soft organic photonic hydrogel beads. To better understand the electrically stretchable color change functionality in such soft organic photonic hydrogel systems, the electromechanical wavelength-tuning mechanism is comprehensively investigated in this study. By employing controllable electroactive dielectric elastomeric actuators, the discoloration wavelength-tuning process of an electrically stretchable photonic organogel is carefully examined. Based on the experimental in-situ response of electrically stretchable nano-spherical polystyrene hydrogel beads, the color change mechanism is meticulously analyzed. Further, changes in the nanostructure of the symmetrically and electrically stretchable organogel are analytically investigated through simulations of its hexagonal close-packed (HCP) lattice model. Detailed photonic wavelength control factors, such as the refractive index of dielectric materials, lattice diffraction, and bead distance in an organogel lattice, are theoretically studied. Herein, the switcing mechanism of electrically stretchable mechanochromic photonic organogels with photonic stopband-tuning features are suggested for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyuk Shin
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam GuPohangGyeongbuk37673Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Park
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam GuPohangGyeongbuk37673Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Han
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam GuPohangGyeongbuk37673Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hyeok Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Korea
| | - Su Seok Choi
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam GuPohangGyeongbuk37673Republic of Korea
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Yang S, Wang Y, Gao W. 3D Modelling for Photonic Crystal Structure in Papilio maackii Wing Scales. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093334. [PMID: 35591668 PMCID: PMC9100648 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
As a typical representative of natural structural colors, the wings of butterflies living in different zones present colors due to different chromogenic mechanisms. In this work, Papilio maackii, a common species of butterfly living in China, was studied in order to clarify the photophysics of its wing scales. A FESEM was applied to observe the microstructure of the scales, and we found that they have a periodic photonic crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to clarify the wings’ chemical composition. Additionally, the optical properties of the scales were investigated using a UV-vis-NIR microspectrophotometer. Then, a simplified three-dimensional photonic crystal model was built according to the microstructure of the wing scales, and the plane-wave expansion method was used to calculate the band gap. The correlation between the calculated band gap and the practical reflective spectrum was also established for the wing scales of Papilio maackii.
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Chen F, Huang Y, Li R, Zhang S, Wang B, Zhang W, Wu X, Jiang Q, Wang F, Zhang R. Bio-inspired structural colors and their applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13448-13464. [PMID: 34852027 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Structural colors, generated by the interaction of interference, diffraction, and scattering between incident light and periodic nanostructured surfaces with features of the same scale with incident visible light wavelengths, have recently attracted intense interest in a wide range of research fields, due to their advantages such as various brilliant colors, long-term stability and environmental friendliness, low energy consumption, and mysterious biological functions. Tremendous effort has been made to design structural colors and considerable progress has been achieved in the past few decades. However, there are still significant challenges and obstacles, such as durability, portability, compatibility, recyclability, mass production of structural-color materials, etc., that need to be solved by rational structural design and novel manufacturing strategies. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of bio-inspired structural colors and their applications. First, we introduce several typical natural structural colors displayed by living organisms from fundamental optical phenomena, including interference, diffraction grating, scattering, photonic crystals effects, the combination of different phenomena, etc. Subsequently, we review recent progress in bio-inspired artificial structural colors generated from advanced micro/nanoscale manufacturing strategies to relevant biomimetic approaches, including self-assembly, template methods, phase conversion, magnetron sputtering, atomic layer deposition, etc. Besides, we also present the current and potential applications of structural colors in various fields, such as displays, anti-counterfeiting, wearable electronics, stealth, printing, etc. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future development directions of structural colors, aiming to push forward the research and applications of structural-color materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. .,State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P. R. China
| | - Ya Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Baoshun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xueke Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Raut HK, Wang H, Ruan Q, Wang H, Fernandez JG, Yang JKW. Hierarchical Colorful Structures by Three-Dimensional Printing of Inverse Opals. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8602-8608. [PMID: 34662137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Structural coloration is a recurring solution in biological systems to control visible light. In nature, basic structural coloration results from light interacting with a repetitive nanopattern, but more complex interactions and striking results are achieved by organisms incorporating additional hierarchical structures. Artificial reproduction of single-level structural color has been achieved using repetitive nanostructures, with flat sheets of inverse opals being very popular because of their simple and reliable fabrication process. Here, we control photonic structures at several length scales using a combination of direct laser writing and nanosphere assembly, producing freeform hierarchical constructions of inverse opals with high-intensity structural coloration. We report the first 3D prints of stacked, overhanging and slanted microstructures of inverse opals. Among other characteristics, these hierarchical photonic structures exhibit geometrically tunable colors, focal-plane-dependent patterns, and arbitrary alignment of microstructure facet with self-assembled lattice. Based on those results, novel concepts of multilevel information encoding systems are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar Raut
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hao Wang
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Javier G Fernandez
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
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Abstract
Unlike color dyes, structural colors only slightly fade during long-term usage. Here, structural colors were controllably achieved by constructing CoFeB photonic crystal layers on the surface of a nanoporous aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate by magnetron sputtering deposition. The resulting material showed a wide visible spectral response and achieved structural color control with a high resolution, high color purity, and saturation. The angle-dependent color changes of CoFeB@AAO films were further investigated by changing the incident light angle. The simulation results of the model are consistent with the experiments, which is significant in practical applications. This strategy may have great potential applications for solid structure color coatings, anti-counterfeiting and security, information storage, and electromagnetic sensors.
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Sun L, Cheng C, Wang S, Tang J, Xie R, Wang D. Bioinspired, Nanostructure-Amplified, Subcutaneous Light Harvesting to Power Implantable Biomedical Electronics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12475-12482. [PMID: 34355573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Implantable biomedical electronics hold immense promise for in vivo personalized healthy monitoring and even precise therapeutic intervention. Tremendous miniaturization of indwelling modules enables implanted biomedical devices to perform multiple functions with ultralow power consumption but exacerbates the technical challenges of supplying effective power to the devices in vivo. In this Perspective, we summarize new developments in transmitting near-infrared light from sunlight or a light-emitting diode into subcutaneously implanted photovoltaic cells, in which the light utilization efficiency can be amplified with the aid of nanostructured rear reflectors. Considering the many natural examples of nanostructure-induced structural coloration displayed by submarine animals, we wish to open up new prospects of bioinspired, nanostructure-amplified, subcutaneous light harvesting to power implanted biomedical electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chongling Cheng
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Renguo Xie
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dayang Wang
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Tilic E, Neunzig N, Bartolomaeus T. Hairy and iridescent chaetae of the sea mouse
Aphrodita
(Annelida, Errantia). ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Tilic
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Nina Neunzig
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology University of Bonn Bonn Germany
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Lin P, Chen H, Li A, Zhuang H, Chen Z, Xie Y, Zhou H, Mo S, Chen Y, Lu X, Cheng Z. Bioinspired Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Optical Microcapsules Enabled by Microfluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:46788-46796. [PMID: 32935962 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical microcapsules encapsulating optical materials inside a symmetric spherical confinement are significant elements for the construction of optical units and the integration of optical arrays. However, the multiple stimuli-responsive characteristic of optical microcapsules still remains a challenge due to the insuperable physical barrier between the optical material core and the outside shell and the lack of effective mechanisms to trigger the dynamic switch of the encapsulated optical materials. Inspired by the dual-mode optical modulation of chameleon skins, a novel biomimetic binary optical microcapsule that combines the visible light reflection of chiral nematic liquid crystals and photoluminescence emission of rare-earth complexes is assembled by microfluidic emulsification and interfacial polymerization. The reflected color, fluorescent intensity, and size of the optical microcapsules are facilely controlled in the microfluidic chip by adjusting the composition and flow rate of the injected fluids. Most importantly, the biomimetic binary optical microcapsules demonstrate three reversible responsive behaviors, thermotropic reflection evolution, temperature-dependent fluorescence emission, and Fredericks electro-optical response. The bioinspired multiple stimuli-responsive optical microcapsules enabled by microfluidics provide a templated strategy to manufacture the next generation of intelligent optical units and to achieve the dynamic response of hybrid photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haoquan Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zeting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongji Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanguo Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Songping Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhengdong Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
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Barry MA, Berthier V, Wilts BD, Cambourieux MC, Bennet P, Pollès R, Teytaud O, Centeno E, Biais N, Moreau A. Evolutionary algorithms converge towards evolved biological photonic structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12024. [PMID: 32694514 PMCID: PMC7374560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature features a plethora of extraordinary photonic architectures that have been optimized through natural evolution in order to more efficiently reflect, absorb or scatter light. While numerical optimization is increasingly and successfully used in photonics, it has yet to replicate any of these complex naturally occurring structures. Using evolutionary algorithms inspired by natural evolution and performing particular optimizations (maximize reflection for a given wavelength, for a broad range of wavelength or maximize the scattering of light), we have retrieved the most stereotypical natural photonic structures. Whether those structures are Bragg mirrors, chirped dielectric mirrors or the gratings on top of Morpho butterfly wings, our results indicate how such regular structures might have spontaneously emerged in nature and to which precise optical or fabrication constraints they respond. Comparing algorithms show that recombination between individuals, inspired by sexual reproduction, confers a clear advantage that can be linked to the fact that photonic structures are fundamentally modular: each part of the structure has a role which can be understood almost independently from the rest. Such an in silico evolution also suggests original and elegant solutions to practical problems, as illustrated by the design of counter-intuitive anti-reflective coatings for solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Aliou Barry
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Berthier
- TAO, Inria, LRI, Université Paris Sud CNRS UMR 6823, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Bodo D Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Claire Cambourieux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pauline Bennet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rémi Pollès
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Teytaud
- TAO, Inria, LRI, Université Paris Sud CNRS UMR 6823, Orsay Cedex, France.,Facebook AI Research, 6 rue Menars, 75000, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Centeno
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Biais
- Graduate Center of CUNY and Department of Biology, CUNY Brooklyn College, New York, NY, 11210, USA
| | - Antoine Moreau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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15
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Liu P, Bai L, Yang J, Gu H, Zhong Q, Xie Z, Gu Z. Self-assembled colloidal arrays for structural color. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1672-1685. [PMID: 36134244 PMCID: PMC9417313 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00328a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural color materials that are colloidally assembled as inspired by nature are attracting increased interest in a wide range of research fields. The assembly of colloidal particles provides a facile and cost-effective strategy for fabricating three-dimensional structural color materials. In this review, the generation mechanisms of structural colors from colloidally assembled photonic crystalline structures (PCSs) and photonic amorphous structures (PASs) are first presented, followed by the state-of-the-art and detailed technologies for their fabrication. The variable optical properties of PASs and PCSs are then discussed, focusing on their spatial long- and short-order structures and surface topography, followed by a detailed description of the modulation of structural color by refractive index and lattice distance. Finally, the current applications of structural color materials colloidally assembled in various fields including biomaterials, microfluidic chips, sensors, displays, and anticounterfeiting are reviewed, together with future applications and tasks to be accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panmiao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Ling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Hongcheng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Qifeng Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Equipment and Electronic Instruments, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhuoying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Zhongze Gu
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
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16
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Carter NA, Grove TZ. Functional protein materials: beyond elastomeric and structural proteins. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades researchers have shown great interest in mimicking biological structures and their complex structure–property relationships. Herein we highlight examples of hydrogels and bioelectronic materials that illustrate the rational design of material properties and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Tijana Z. Grove
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Zarkovic Grove Consulting
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17
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Meng Y, Qiu J, Wu S, Ju B, Zhang S, Tang B. Biomimetic Structural Color Films with a Bilayer Inverse Heterostructure for Anticounterfeiting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38459-38465. [PMID: 30360083 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The unique brilliant and angle-independent structural colors of morpho butterfly wings were derived from the multilayer interference, diffraction, and scattering of light with a composite structure including ordered and quasiamorphous arrays. Inspired by the biological heterostructure of ordered and quasiamorphous arrays in the wings, a bilayer inverse heterostructure (BLIHS) containing ordered array layers inverse structure (OALIS) and quasiamorphous array layers inverse structure (Q-AALIS) of polyvinylidene fluoride were successfully prepared through the template method. The BLIHS films selectively displayed iridescent structural color derived from Bragg diffraction of OALIS, whereas the color states transform to noniridescent color because of Q-AALIS just by rotating the sample. Furthermore, the patterning process could be realized by using the spray-coating method on the BILIS films as quasiamorphous array layers. By virtue of this novel photonic structure, the switch between hiding and displaying patterns could be easily realized by changing the viewing angles, and the as-prepared films exhibited inherent excellent durability, which is crucial to their potential for practical applications as anticounterfeiting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jinjing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Suli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Benzhi Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Bingtao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , P.O. Box 89, West Campus, 2# Linggong Rd , Dalian 116024 , China
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18
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Burg SL, Parnell AJ. Self-assembling structural colour in nature. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:413001. [PMID: 30137023 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aadc95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The diversity and vividness of structural colour in the natural world have been recognised as far back as William Hooke in the 17th century. Whilst it is only recently that advances in the field have revealed the elegance and finesse of the physics used to create these effects. In this topical review we will highlight some of the structures and effects responsible for colour in butterfly scales, bird feathers, plants, insects and beetle elytra that have been studied to date. We will discuss the structures responsible and look at similarities and differences in these structures between species. This will be alongside our current understanding of how these are created biologically, how they develop structurally and what control mechanisms nature has at its disposal to control structure formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Burg
- The Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
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19
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Kim GH, An T, Lim G. Fabrication of Optical Switching Patterns with Structural Colored Microfibers. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:204. [PMID: 29987651 PMCID: PMC6037636 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Structural color was generated using electrospinning and hydrothermal growth of zinc oxide (ZnO). An aligned seed layer was prepared by electrospinning, and the hydrothermal growth time control was adjusted to generate various structural colors. The structural color changed according to the angle of the incident light. When the light was parallel to the direction of the aligned nanofibers, no pattern was observed. This pattern is referred to as an "optical switching pattern." Replication using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) also enabled the generation of structural colors; this is an attractive approach for mass production. Additionally, the process is quite tunable because additional syntheses and etching can be performed after the patterns have been fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Hwee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Taechang An
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Andong National University, Kyungbuk, 760-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Geunbae Lim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784 Republic of Korea
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20
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Nagi RK, Montanari DE, Bartl MH. Photonic crystal micro-pixelation and additive color mixing in weevil scales. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2018; 13:035003. [PMID: 29443002 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/aaaf55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the brilliant near angle-independent coloration of the weevil Eupholus chevrolati was investigated by a combination of optical and electron microscopy tools, photonic band structure calculations, and color mixing analysis. Optical microscopy and scanning micro-spectroscopy revealed the presence of micrometer-sized red, yellow, green, and blue reflective pixels covering the entire exoskeleton of the weevil. Scanning electron microscopy in combination with focused ion beam milling showed that each micro-pixel consisted of a diamond-based photonic crystal structure and the different reflective colors were the result of different orientations of the photonic crystal. Color mixing analysis was used to study the collective behavior of the reflective micro-pixels. A pointillist, additive color-mixing scheme of the reflective photonic crystal micro-pixels was determined as the origin of the weevil's bright and near angle-independent yellow-green coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramneet K Nagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States of America. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States of America
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21
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Caro T, Stoddard MC, Stuart-Fox D. Animal coloration research: why it matters. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0333. [PMID: 28533451 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While basic research on animal coloration is the theme of this special edition, here we highlight its applied significance for industry, innovation and society. Both the nanophotonic structures producing stunning optical effects and the colour perception mechanisms in animals are extremely diverse, having been honed over millions of years of evolution for many different purposes. Consequently, there is a wealth of opportunity for biomimetic and bioinspired applications of animal coloration research, spanning colour production, perception and function. Fundamental research on the production and perception of animal coloration is contributing to breakthroughs in the design of new materials (cosmetics, textiles, paints, optical coatings, security labels) and new technologies (cameras, sensors, optical devices, robots, biomedical implants). In addition, discoveries about the function of animal colour are influencing sport, fashion, the military and conservation. Understanding and applying knowledge of animal coloration is now a multidisciplinary exercise. Our goal here is to provide a catalyst for new ideas and collaborations between biologists studying animal coloration and researchers in other disciplines.This article is part of the themed issue 'Animal coloration: production, perception, function and application'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Caro
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mary Caswell Stoddard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Devi Stuart-Fox
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Nixon MR, Orr AG, Vukusic P. Covert linear polarization signatures from brilliant white two-dimensional disordered wing structures of the phoenix damselfly. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0036. [PMID: 28566511 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The damselfly Pseudolestes mirabilis reflects brilliant white on the ventral side of its hindwings and a copper-gold colour on the dorsal side. Unlike many previous investigations of odonate wings, in which colour appearances arise either from multilayer interference or from wing-membrane pigmentation, the whiteness on the wings of P. mirabilis results from light scattered by a specialized arrangement of flattened waxy fibres and the copper-gold colour is produced by pigment-based filtering of this light scatter. The waxy fibres responsible for this optical signature effectively form a structure that is disordered in two dimensions and this also gives rise to distinct optical linear polarization. It is a structure that provides a mechanism enabling P. mirabilis to display its bright wing colours efficiently for territorial signalling, both passively while perched, in which the sunlit copper-gold upperside is presented against a highly contrasting background of foliage, and actively in territorial contests in which the white underside is also presented. It also offers a template for biomimetic high-intensity broadband reflectors that have a pronounced polarization signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Nixon
- School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - A G Orr
- Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - P Vukusic
- School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
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23
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Structural Coloration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-71676-3_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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24
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Kolle M, Lee S. Progress and Opportunities in Soft Photonics and Biologically Inspired Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1702669. [PMID: 29057519 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Optical components made fully or partially from reconfigurable, stimuli-responsive, soft solids or fluids-collectively referred to as soft photonics-are poised to form the platform for tunable optical devices with unprecedented functionality and performance characteristics. Currently, however, soft solid and fluid material systems still represent an underutilized class of materials in the optical engineers' toolbox. This is in part due to challenges in fabrication, integration, and structural control on the nano- and microscale associated with the application of soft components in optics. These challenges might be addressed with the help of a resourceful ally: nature. Organisms from many different phyla have evolved an impressive arsenal of light manipulation strategies that rely on the ability to generate and dynamically reconfigure hierarchically structured, complex optical material designs, often involving soft or fluid components. A comprehensive understanding of design concepts, structure formation principles, material integration, and control mechanisms employed in biological photonic systems will allow this study to challenge current paradigms in optical technology. This review provides an overview of recent developments in the fields of soft photonics and biologically inspired optics, emphasizes the ties between the two fields, and outlines future opportunities that result from advancements in soft and bioinspired photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Kolle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Seungwoo Lee
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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25
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Garcia M, Edmiston C, York T, Marinov R, Mondal S, Zhu N, Sudlow GP, Akers WJ, Margenthaler J, Achilefu S, Liang R, Zayed MA, Pepino MY, Gruev V. Bio-inspired imager improves sensitivity in near-infrared fluorescence image-guided surgery. OPTICA 2018; 5:413-422. [PMID: 30465019 PMCID: PMC6241325 DOI: 10.1364/optica.5.000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Image-guided surgery can enhance cancer treatment by decreasing, and ideally eliminating, positive tumor margins and iatrogenic damage to healthy tissue. Current state-of-the-art near-infrared fluorescence imaging systems are bulky and costly, lack sensitivity under surgical illumination, and lack co-registration accuracy between multimodal images. As a result, an overwhelming majority of physicians still rely on their unaided eyes and palpation as the primary sensing modalities for distinguishing cancerous from healthy tissue. Here we introduce an innovative design, comprising an artificial multispectral sensor inspired by the Morpho butterfly's compound eye, which can significantly improve image-guided surgery. By monolithically integrating spectral tapetal filters with photodetectors, we have realized a single-chip multispectral imager with 1000 × higher sensitivity and 7 × better spatial co-registration accuracy compared to clinical imaging systems in current use. Preclinical and clinical data demonstrate that this technology seamlessly integrates into the surgical workflow while providing surgeons with real-time information on the location of cancerous tissue and sentinel lymph nodes. Due to its low manufacturing cost, our bio-inspired sensor will provide resource-limited hospitals with much-needed technology to enable more accurate value-based health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Missael Garcia
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Christopher Edmiston
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Timothy York
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois 62025, USA
| | - Radoslav Marinov
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Institute for Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Suman Mondal
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Nan Zhu
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Gail P. Sudlow
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Walter J. Akers
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Julie Margenthaler
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Rongguang Liang
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Mohamed A. Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, Missouri 63106, USA
| | - Marta Y. Pepino
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Viktor Gruev
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Corresponding author:
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26
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Zada I, Zhang W, Zheng W, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Imtiaz M, Abbas W, Zhang D. The highly efficient photocatalytic and light harvesting property of Ag-TiO 2 with negative nano-holes structure inspired from cicada wings. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17277. [PMID: 29222515 PMCID: PMC5722858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative replica of biomorphic TiO2 with nano-holes structure has been effectively fabricated directly from nano-nipple arrays structure of cicada wings by using a simple, low-cost and highly effective sol-gel ultrasonic method. The nano-holes array structure was well maintained after calcination in air at 500 °C. The Ag nanoparticles (10 nm–25 nm) were homogeneously decorated on the surface and to the side wall of nano-holes structure. It was observed that the biomorphic Ag-TiO2 showed remarkable photocatalytic activity by degradation of methyl blue (MB) under UV-vis light irradiation. The biomorphic Ag-TiO2 with nano-holes structure showed superior photocatalytic activity compared to the biomorphic TiO2 and commercial Degussa P25. This high-performance photocatalytic activity of the biomorphic Ag-TiO2 may be attributed to the nano-holes structure, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property of the Ag nanoparticles, and enhanced electron-hole separation. Moreover, the biomorphic Ag-TiO2 showed more absorption capability in the visible wavelength range. This work provides a new insight to design such a structure which may lead to a range of novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Zada
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
| | - Wangshu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Jushi Fiberglass Research Institute, Jushi Group Co., Ltd. 669 Wenhua Road (South), Tongxiang Economic Development Zone, Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, 314500, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Jushi Fiberglass Research Institute, Jushi Group Co., Ltd. 669 Wenhua Road (South), Tongxiang Economic Development Zone, Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, 314500, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Waseem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
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27
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Mu Q, Zhang Q, Gao L, Chu Z, Cai Z, Zhang X, Wang K, Wei Y. Structural Evolution and Formation Mechanism of the Soft Colloidal Arrays in the Core of PAAm Nanofibers by Electrospun Packing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10291-10301. [PMID: 28876075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning provides a facile and versatile method for generating nanofibers from a large variety of starting materials, including polymers, ceramic, composites, and micro-/nanocolloids. In particular, incorporating functional nanoparticles (NPs) with polymeric materials endows the electrospun fibers/sheets with novel or better performance. This work evaluates the spinnability of polyacrylamide (PAAm) solution containing thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-tert-butyl acrylate) microgel nanospheres (PNTs) prepared by colloid electrospinning. In the presence of a suitable weight ratio (1:4) of PAAm and PNTs, the in-fiber arrangements of PNTs-electrospun fibers will evolve into chain-like arrays and beads-on-string structures by confining of PAAm nanofibers, and then the free amide groups of PAAm can bind amide moieties on the surfaces of PNTs, resulting in the assembling of PNTs in the cores of PAAm fibers. The present work serves as a reference in the fabrication of novel thermoresponsive hybrid fibers involving functional nanospheres via electrospun packing. The prepared nanofibers with chain-like and thermoresponsive colloid arrays in the cores are expected to have potential application in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhiyong Chu
- School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhongyu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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28
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Tadepalli S, Slocik JM, Gupta MK, Naik RR, Singamaneni S. Bio-Optics and Bio-Inspired Optical Materials. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12705-12763. [PMID: 28937748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Through the use of the limited materials palette, optimally designed micro- and nanostructures, and tightly regulated processes, nature demonstrates exquisite control of light-matter interactions at various length scales. In fact, control of light-matter interactions is an important element in the evolutionary arms race and has led to highly engineered optical materials and systems. In this review, we present a detailed summary of various optical effects found in nature with a particular emphasis on the materials and optical design aspects responsible for their optical functionality. Using several representative examples, we discuss various optical phenomena, including absorption and transparency, diffraction, interference, reflection and antireflection, scattering, light harvesting, wave guiding and lensing, camouflage, and bioluminescence, that are responsible for the unique optical properties of materials and structures found in nature and biology. Great strides in understanding the design principles adapted by nature have led to a tremendous progress in realizing biomimetic and bioinspired optical materials and photonic devices. We discuss the various micro- and nanofabrication techniques that have been employed for realizing advanced biomimetic optical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | | | | | | | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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29
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Sellers SR, Man W, Sahba S, Florescu M. Local self-uniformity in photonic networks. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14439. [PMID: 28211466 PMCID: PMC5321726 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of a material with light is intimately related to its wavelength-scale structure. Simple connections between structure and optical response empower us with essential intuition to engineer complex optical functionalities. Here we develop local self-uniformity (LSU) as a measure of a random network's internal structural similarity, ranking networks on a continuous scale from crystalline, through glassy intermediate states, to chaotic configurations. We demonstrate that complete photonic bandgap structures possess substantial LSU and validate LSU's importance in gap formation through design of amorphous gyroid structures. Amorphous gyroid samples are fabricated via three-dimensional ceramic printing and the bandgaps experimentally verified. We explore also the wing-scale structuring in the butterfly Pseudolycaena marsyas and show that it possesses substantial amorphous gyroid character, demonstrating the subtle order achieved by evolutionary optimization and the possibility of an amorphous gyroid's self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R. Sellers
- Advanced Technology Institute and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Weining Man
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132, USA
| | - Shervin Sahba
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132, USA
| | - Marian Florescu
- Advanced Technology Institute and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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30
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Wang L, Chen D, Jiang K, Shen G. New insights and perspectives into biological materials for flexible electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6764-6815. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Materials based on biological materials are becoming increasingly competitive and are likely to be critical components in flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Institute & Hospital of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA
- Chinese PLA Medical School
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- China
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31
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Li Q, Qi N, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Shi L, Zhang X, Lai Y, Wei K, Kim IS, Zhang KQ. Sub-micron silk fibroin film with high humidity sensibility through color changing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28460d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A Sub-micron silk fibroin film with high humidity sensibility through color changing is achieved by spin-coating fibroin aqueous solution, and it can be potentially applied for low-cost and fast humidity detection, as well as anti-counterfeit labels.
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32
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Chen L, Wang X. Bio-templated fabrication of metal-free boron carbonitride tubes for visible light photocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11988-11991. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and facile biotemplating method has been presented to synthesize boron carbon nitride tubes (BCNTs) by using the low-cost kapok fibers (KFs). This pathway not only transplanted the structure of KFs into the h-BN lattice, but also introduced C simultaneously in a self-doping manner. The BCNT photocatalysts can catalyse hydrogen evolution from water under visible light illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- People's Republic of China
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33
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Harutyunyan D, Milton GW, Craster RV. High-frequency homogenization for travelling waves in periodic media. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2016; 472:20160066. [PMID: 27493562 PMCID: PMC4971238 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2016.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider high-frequency homogenization in periodic media for travelling waves of several different equations: the wave equation for scalar-valued waves such as acoustics; the wave equation for vector-valued waves such as electromagnetism and elasticity; and a system that encompasses the Schrödinger equation. This homogenization applies when the wavelength is of the order of the size of the medium periodicity cell. The travelling wave is assumed to be the sum of two waves: a modulated Bloch carrier wave having crystal wavevector [Formula: see text] and frequency ω1 plus a modulated Bloch carrier wave having crystal wavevector [Formula: see text] and frequency ω2. We derive effective equations for the modulating functions, and then prove that there is no coupling in the effective equations between the two different waves both in the scalar and the system cases. To be precise, we prove that there is no coupling unless ω1=ω2 and [Formula: see text] where Λ=(λ1λ2…λ d ) is the periodicity cell of the medium and for any two vectors [Formula: see text] the product a⊙b is defined to be the vector (a1b1,a2b2,…,adbd ). This last condition forces the carrier waves to be equivalent Bloch waves meaning that the coupling constants in the system of effective equations vanish. We use two-scale analysis and some new weak-convergence type lemmas. The analysis is not at the same level of rigour as that of Allaire and co-workers who use two-scale convergence theory to treat the problem, but has the advantage of simplicity which will allow it to be easily extended to the case where there is degeneracy of the Bloch eigenvalue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Harutyunyan
- Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Graeme W. Milton
- Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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34
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Müller FA, Kunz C, Gräf S. Bio-Inspired Functional Surfaces Based on Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E476. [PMID: 28773596 PMCID: PMC5456748 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nature developed numerous solutions to solve various technical problems related to material surfaces by combining the physico-chemical properties of a material with periodically aligned micro/nanostructures in a sophisticated manner. The utilization of ultra-short pulsed lasers allows mimicking numerous of these features by generating laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). In this review paper, we describe the physical background of LIPSS generation as well as the physical principles of surface related phenomena like wettability, reflectivity, and friction. Then we introduce several biological examples including e.g., lotus leafs, springtails, dessert beetles, moth eyes, butterfly wings, weevils, sharks, pangolins, and snakes to illustrate how nature solves technical problems, and we give a comprehensive overview of recent achievements related to the utilization of LIPSS to generate superhydrophobic, anti-reflective, colored, and drag resistant surfaces. Finally, we conclude with some future developments and perspectives related to forthcoming applications of LIPSS-based surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Müller
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Löbdergraben 32, Jena 07743, Germany.
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Löbdergraben 32, Jena 07743, Germany.
| | - Stephan Gräf
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Löbdergraben 32, Jena 07743, Germany.
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35
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Singer A, Boucheron L, Dietze SH, Jensen KE, Vine D, McNulty I, Dufresne ER, Prum RO, Mochrie SGJ, Shpyrko OG. Domain morphology, boundaries, and topological defects in biophotonic gyroid nanostructures of butterfly wing scales. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600149. [PMID: 27386575 PMCID: PMC4928966 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms in nature have evolved sophisticated cellular mechanisms to produce photonic nanostructures and, in recent years, diverse crystalline symmetries have been identified and related to macroscopic optical properties. However, because we know little about the distributions of domain sizes, the orientations of photonic crystals, and the nature of defects in these structures, we are unable to make the connection between the nanostructure and its development and functionality. We report on nondestructive studies of the morphology of chitinous photonic crystals in butterfly wing scales. Using spatially and angularly resolved x-ray diffraction, we find that the domains are highly oriented with respect to the whole scale, indicating growth from scale boundaries. X-ray coherent diffractive imaging reveals two types of crystalline domain interfaces: abrupt changes between domains emerging from distinct nucleation sites and smooth transitions with edge dislocations presumably resulting from internal stresses during nanostructure development. Our study of the scale structure reveals new aspects of photonic crystal growth in butterfly wings and shows their similarity to block copolymer materials. It opens new avenues to exploration of fundamental processes underlying the growth of biological photonic nanostructures in a variety of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Singer
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | - David Vine
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Ian McNulty
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | | | | | | | - Oleg G. Shpyrko
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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36
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Taylor JM, Argyropoulos C, Morin SA. Soft Surfaces for the Reversible Control of Thin-Film Microstructure and Optical Reflectance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2595-2600. [PMID: 26823187 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A micromechano-optical material is rapidly and reversibly switched between distinct states of reflectance by simply stretching and relaxing the hybrid structure. The material is fabricated and controlled by leveraging the ability of soft elastic substrates to regulate the growth and morphological evolution of a chemically deposited polycrystalline thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay M Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Christos Argyropoulos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Stephen A Morin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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37
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Structural Coloration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28284-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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38
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Spatially modulated structural colour in bird feathers. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18317. [PMID: 26686280 PMCID: PMC4685390 DOI: 10.1038/srep18317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) feathers display periodic variations in the reflected colour from white through light blue, dark blue and black. We find the structures responsible for the colour are continuous in their size and spatially controlled by the degree of spinodal phase separation in the corresponding region of the feather barb. Blue structures have a well-defined broadband ultra-violet (UV) to blue wavelength distribution; the corresponding nanostructure has characteristic spinodal morphology with a lengthscale of order 150 nm. White regions have a larger 200 nm nanostructure, consistent with a spinodal process that has coarsened further, yielding broader wavelength white reflectance. Our analysis shows that nanostructure in single bird feather barbs can be varied continuously by controlling the time the keratin network is allowed to phase separate before mobility in the system is arrested. Dynamic scaling analysis of the single barb scattering data implies that the phase separation arrest mechanism is rapid and also distinct from the spinodal phase separation mechanism i.e. it is not gelation or intermolecular re-association. Any growing lengthscale using this spinodal phase separation approach must first traverse the UV and blue wavelength regions, growing the structure by coarsening, resulting in a broad distribution of domain sizes.
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39
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Nanofabrication and coloration study of artificial Morpho butterfly wings with aligned lamellae layers. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16637. [PMID: 26577813 PMCID: PMC4649621 DOI: 10.1038/srep16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The bright and iridescent blue color from Morpho butterfly wings has attracted worldwide attentions to explore its mysterious nature for long time. Although the physics of structural color by the nanophotonic structures built on the wing scales has been well established, replications of the wing structure by standard top-down lithography still remains a challenge. This paper reports a technical breakthrough to mimic the blue color of Morpho butterfly wings, by developing a novel nanofabrication process, based on electron beam lithography combined with alternate PMMA/LOR development/dissolution, for photonic structures with aligned lamellae multilayers in colorless polymers. The relationship between the coloration and geometric dimensions as well as shapes is systematically analyzed by solving Maxwell’s Equations with a finite domain time difference simulator. Careful characterization of the mimicked blue by spectral measurements under both normal and oblique angles are carried out. Structural color in blue reflected by the fabricated wing scales, is demonstrated and further extended to green as an application exercise of the new technique. The effects of the regularity in the replicas on coloration are analyzed. In principle, this approach establishes a starting point for mimicking structural colors beyond the blue in Morpho butterfly wings.
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40
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Jordan TM, Partridge JC, Roberts NW. Disordered animal multilayer reflectors and the localization of light. J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:20140948. [PMID: 25339688 PMCID: PMC4223918 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilayer optical reflectors constructed from 'stacks' of alternating layers of high and low refractive index dielectric materials are present in many animals. For example, stacks of guanine crystals with cytoplasm gaps occur within the skin and scales of fish, and stacks of protein platelets with cytoplasm gaps occur within the iridophores of cephalopods. Common to all these animal multilayer reflectors are different degrees of random variation in the thicknesses of the individual layers in the stack, ranging from highly periodic structures to strongly disordered systems. However, previous discussions of the optical effects of such thickness disorder have been made without quantitative reference to the propagation of light within the reflector. Here, we demonstrate that Anderson localization provides a general theoretical framework to explain the common coherent interference and optical properties of these biological reflectors. Firstly, we illustrate how the localization length enables the spectral properties of the reflections from more weakly disordered 'coloured' and more strongly disordered 'silvery' reflectors to be explained by the same physical process. Secondly, we show how the polarization properties of reflection can be controlled within guanine-cytoplasm reflectors, with an interplay of birefringence and thickness disorder explaining the origin of broadband polarization-insensitive reflectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Jordan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK Bristol Centre for Complexity Sciences, University of Bristol, Queens Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK
| | - J C Partridge
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK School of Animal Biology and the Oceans Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M317), Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - N W Roberts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
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41
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Jia X, Wang J, Wang K, Zhu J. Highly Sensitive Mechanochromic Photonic Hydrogels with Fast Reversibility and Mechanical Stability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:8732-7. [PMID: 26194019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a fast and efficient strategy for the preparation of photonic hydrogels for compression and organic solvent sensing by the self-assembly of monodisperse carbon-encapsulated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). The hydrogel film was composed of acrylamide (AM) and cross-linker N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) (BIS), and the formed 1D NPs chain structure can be fixed within the hydrogels under a magnetic field by in situ photopolymerization. The resulting photonic hydrogels display vivid structural color which can be tuned by pressing and organic solvent treatment. The 0.2 kPa compression applied to the photonic hydrogels can be detected by the 37 nm blue shift of a reflection peak. Importantly, the photonic hydrogels can recover to their original state (<1 s) after being compressed on a pattern. Moreover, the sensitivity of mechanochromic photonic hydrogels can be adjusted by manipulating the concentration of monomers, and a large reflection peak shift (4.3 kPa, 200 nm) was observed. The detection range of the compression sensor can thus increase from 0-4.3 to 0-130.6 kPa. The photonic hydrogels are nearly monochromatic, with high sensitivity and stability and fast reversibility, and are potentially useful in displays, diagnostics, compression and solvent sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Jia
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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42
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Yuan W, Zhou N, Shi L, Zhang KQ. Structural Coloration of Colloidal Fiber by Photonic Band Gap and Resonant Mie Scattering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:14064-14071. [PMID: 26066732 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Because structural color is fadeless and dye-free, structurally colored materials have attracted great attention in a wide variety of research fields. In this work, we report the use of a novel structural coloration strategy applied to the fabrication of colorful colloidal fibers. The nanostructured fibers with tunable structural colors were massively produced by colloidal electrospinning. Experimental results and theoretical modeling reveal that the homogeneous and noniridescent structural colors of the electrospun fibers are caused by two phenomena: reflection due to the band gap of photonic structure and Mie scattering of the colloidal spheres. Our unprecedented findings show promise in paving way for the development of revolutionary dye-free technology for the coloration of various fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Ning Zhou
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- §Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
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43
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Li L, Kolle S, Weaver JC, Ortiz C, Aizenberg J, Kolle M. A highly conspicuous mineralized composite photonic architecture in the translucent shell of the blue-rayed limpet. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6322. [PMID: 25716102 PMCID: PMC4351589 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many species rely on diverse selections of entirely organic photonic structures for the manipulation of light and the display of striking colours. Here we report the discovery of a mineralized hierarchical photonic architecture embedded within the translucent shell of the blue-rayed limpet Patella pellucida. The bright colour of the limpet's stripes originates from light interference in a periodically layered zig-zag architecture of crystallographically co-oriented calcite lamellae. Beneath the photonic multilayer, a disordered array of light-absorbing particles provides contrast for the blue colour. This unique mineralized manifestation of a synergy of two distinct optical elements at specific locations within the continuum of the limpet's translucent protective shell ensures the vivid shine of the blue stripes, which can be perceived under water from a wide range of viewing angles. The stripes' reflection band coincides with the spectral range of minimal light absorption in sea water, raising intriguing questions regarding their functional significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Stefan Kolle
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - James C. Weaver
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Christine Ortiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology at Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Mathias Kolle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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44
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Bioinspired micrograting arrays mimicking the reverse color diffraction elements evolved by the butterfly Pierella luna. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:15630-4. [PMID: 25288730 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1412240111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, diffraction elements that reverse the color sequence normally observed in planar diffraction gratings have been found in the wing scales of the butterfly Pierella luna. Here, we describe the creation of an artificial photonic material mimicking this reverse color-order diffraction effect. The bioinspired system consists of ordered arrays of vertically oriented microdiffraction gratings. We present a detailed analysis and modeling of the coupling of diffraction resulting from individual structural components and demonstrate its strong dependence on the orientation of the individual miniature gratings. This photonic material could provide a basis for novel developments in biosensing, anticounterfeiting, and efficient light management in photovoltaic systems and light-emitting diodes.
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45
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Han Z, Niu S, Yang M, Mu Z, Li B, Zhang J, Ye J, Ren L. Unparalleled sensitivity of photonic structures in butterfly wings. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spectra response characteristics of photonic structures to different surrounding vapors in Morpho menelaus butterfly wings was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhengzhi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Junqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Ye
- First Hospital of Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China)
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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Wang H, Zhang KQ. Photonic crystal structures with tunable structure color as colorimetric sensors. SENSORS 2013; 13:4192-213. [PMID: 23539027 PMCID: PMC3673079 DOI: 10.3390/s130404192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorimetric sensing, which transduces environmental changes into visible color changes, provides a simple yet powerful detection mechanism that is well-suited to the development of low-cost and low-power sensors. A new approach in colorimetric sensing exploits the structural color of photonic crystals (PCs) to create environmentally-influenced color-changeable materials. PCs are composed of periodic dielectrics or metallo-dielectric nanostructures that affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves (EM) by defining the allowed and forbidden photonic bands. Simultaneously, an amazing variety of naturally occurring biological systems exhibit iridescent color due to the presence of PC structures throughout multi-dimensional space. In particular, some kinds of the structural colors in living organisms can be reversibly changed in reaction to external stimuli. Based on the lessons learned from natural photonic structures, some specific examples of PCs-based colorimetric sensors are presented in detail to demonstrate their unprecedented potential in practical applications, such as the detections of temperature, pH, ionic species, solvents, vapor, humidity, pressure and biomolecules. The combination of the nanofabrication technique, useful design methodologies inspired by biological systems and colorimetric sensing will lead to substantial developments in low-cost, miniaturized and widely deployable optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Simonis P, Bay A, Welch VL, Colomer JF, Vigneron JP. Cylindrical Bragg mirrors on leg segments of the male Bolivian blueleg tarantula Pamphobeteus antinous (Theraphosidae). OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:6979-6996. [PMID: 23546081 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.006979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The large male tarantula Pamphobeteus antinous is easily recognized at the presence of blue-violet iridescent bristles on some of the segments of its legs and pedipalps. The optical properties of these colored appendages have been measured and the internal geometrical structure of the bristles have been investigated. The coloration is shown to be caused by a curved coaxial multilayer which acts as a "cylindrical Bragg mirror".
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Simonis
- Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), University of Namur (FUNDP), rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur Belgium.
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48
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Zhou N, Zhang A, Shi L, Zhang KQ. Fabrication of Structurally-Colored Fibers with Axial Core-Shell Structure via Electrophoretic Deposition and Their Optical Properties. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:116-120. [PMID: 35581770 DOI: 10.1021/mz300517n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structurally colored fibers were fabricated using different-sized polystyrene (PS) nanospheres via electrophoretic deposition on conductive carbon fiber surfaces. The reflective spectra corresponding to different colors were taken by microzone and angle-resolved spectrometers from a single colloidal fiber. As confirmed by structural analysis, the outer layer of the core-shell colloidal fibers consisted of face-centered cubic (f.c.c.) domains without long-range order. It is revealed that the absence of long-range order in the colloidal assembly caused isotropic reflection in radial and longitudinal directions on the colloidal fibers. Furthermore, due to the incorporation of random defects during growth process, the experimental spectra are blue-shifted and broad compared to reflective spectra calculations based on the curved f.c.c. structure. This technique is speculated to have potential application in structural coloration and radiation-proof fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- National Engineering
Laboratory for Modern Silk and Jiangsu Key
Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- National Engineering
Laboratory for Modern Silk and Jiangsu Key
Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Centro de Tecnologías
Físicas, Unidad Asociada ICMM/CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Av. Los Naranjos s/n,
Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- National Engineering
Laboratory for Modern Silk and Jiangsu Key
Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College for Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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50
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Zhang T, Ma Y, Qi L. Bioinspired colloidal materials with special optical, mechanical, and cell-mimetic functions. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:251-264. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00175f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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