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Lu ZJ, Shi WJ, Ma DD, Zhang JG, Long XB, Li SY, Gao FZ, Zhang QQ, Ying GG. The azole biocide climbazole induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in fish gut. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171475. [PMID: 38453063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Climbazole is an azole biocide that has been widely used in formulations of personal care products. Climbazole can cause developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption as well as gut disturbance in aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms behind gut toxicity induced by climbazole still remain largely unclear in fish. Here, we evaluate the gut effects by exposing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) to climbazole at levels ranging from 0.2 to 20 μg/L for 42 days by evaluating gene transcription and expression, biochemical analyses, correlation network analysis, and molecular docking. Results showed that climbazole exposure increased cyp1a mRNA expression and ROS level in the three treatment groups. Climbazole also inhibited Nrf2 and Keap1 transcripts as well as proteins, and suppressed the transcript levels of their subordinate antioxidant molecules (cat, sod, and ho-1), increasing oxidative stress. Additionally, climbazole enhanced NF-κB and iκBα transcripts and proteins, and the transcripts of NF-κB downstream pro-inflammatory factors (tnfα, and il-1β/6/8), leading to inflammation. Climbazole increased pro-apoptosis-related genes (fadd, bad1, and caspase3), and decreased anti-apoptosis-associated genes (bcl2, and bcl-xl), suggesting a direct reaction to apoptosis. The molecular docking data showed that climbazole could form stable hydrogen bonds with CYP1A. Mechanistically, our findings suggested that climbazole can induce inflammation and oxidative stress through CYP450s/ROS/Nrf2/NF-κB pathways, resulting in cell apoptosis in the gut of grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Lu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong-Dong Ma
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Long
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Si-Ying Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Gao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Bi HE, Zhang J, Yao Y, Wang S, Yao J, Shao Z, Jiang Q. Expression and functional significance of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 in uveal melanoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:196. [PMID: 38670942 PMCID: PMC11053060 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UVM), an uncommon yet potentially life-threatening ocular cancer, arises from melanocytes in the uveal tract of the eye. The exploration of novel oncotargets for UVM is of paramount importance. In this study, we show that PCK1 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1) expression is upregulated in various UVM tissues as well as in primary UVM cells and immortalized lines. Furthermore, bioinformatics studies reveal that PCK1 overexpression in UVM correlates with advanced disease stages and poor patient survival. Genetic silencing (utilizing viral shRNA) or knockout (via CRISPR/Cas9) of PCK1 significantly curtailed cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle progression, and motility, while provoking apoptosis in primary and immortalized UVM cells. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of PCK1, achieved through a viral construct, bolstered UVM cell proliferation and migration. Gαi3 expression and Akt phosphorylation were reduced following PCK1 silencing or knockout, but increased after PCK1 overexpression in UVM cells. Restoring Akt phosphorylation through a constitutively active mutant Akt1 (S473D) ameliorated the growth inhibition, migration suppression, and apoptosis induced by PCK1 silencing in UVM cells. Additionally, ectopic expression of Gαi3 restored Akt activation and counteracted the anti-UVM cell effects by PCK1 silencing. In vivo, the growth of subcutaneous xenografts of primary human UVM cells was significantly inhibited following intratumoral injection of adeno-associated virus (aav) expressing PCK1 shRNA. PCK1 depletion, Gαi3 downregulation, Akt inhibition, proliferation arrest, and apoptosis were detected in PCK1-silenced UVM xenografts. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PCK1 promotes UVM cell growth possibly by modulating the Gαi3-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-E Bi
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yujia Yao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyu Wang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhijiang Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhu H, Yuan Z, Xu H, Sun L. Characterization of the Apoptotic and Antimicrobial Activities of Two Initiator Caspases of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:540. [PMID: 38790170 PMCID: PMC11121444 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Caspase (CASP) is a protease family that plays a vital role in apoptosis, development, and immune response. Herein, we reported the identification and characterization of two CASPs, AjCASPX1 and AjCASPX2, from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, an important aquaculture species. AjCASPX1/2 share similar domain organizations with the vertebrate initiator caspases CASP2/9, including the CARD domain and the p20/p10 subunits with conserved functional motifs. However, compared with human CASP2/9, AjCASPX1/2 possess unique structural features in the linker region between p20 and p10. AjCASPX1, but not AjCASPX2, induced marked apoptosis of human cells by activating CASP3/7. The recombinant proteins of AjCASPX2 and the CARD domain of AjCASPX2 were able to bind to a wide range of bacteria, as well as bacterial cell wall components, and inhibit bacterial growth. AjCASPX1, when expressed in Escherichia coli, was able to kill the host bacteria. Under normal conditions, AjCASPX1 and AjCASPX2 expressions were most abundant in sea cucumber muscle and coelomocytes, respectively. After bacterial infection, both AjCASPX1 and AjCASPX2 expressions were significantly upregulated in sea cucumber tissues and cells. Together, these results indicated that AjCASPX1 and AjCASPX2 were initiator caspases with antimicrobial activity and likely functioned in apoptosis and immune defense against pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanshuo Zhu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Marine Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Zihao Yuan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Marine Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hang Xu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Li Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Marine Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, China
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Kapuy O. Mechanism of Decision Making between Autophagy and Apoptosis Induction upon Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4368. [PMID: 38673953 PMCID: PMC11050573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of the cellular proteome is mainly controlled in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Accumulation of misfolded proteins due to ER stress leads to the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR). The primary role of UPR is to reduce the bulk of damages and try to drive back the system to the former or a new homeostatic state by autophagy, while an excessive level of stress results in apoptosis. It has already been proven that the proper order and characteristic features of both surviving and self-killing mechanisms are controlled by negative and positive feedback loops, respectively. The new results suggest that these feedback loops are found not only within but also between branches of the UPR, fine-tuning the response to ER stress. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge of the dynamical characteristic of endoplasmic reticulum stress response mechanism by using both theoretical and molecular biological techniques. In addition, this review pays special attention to describing the mechanism of action of the dynamical features of the feedback loops controlling cellular life-and-death decision upon ER stress. Since ER stress appears in diseases that are common worldwide, a more detailed understanding of the behaviour of the stress response is of medical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Kapuy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Qin P, Li Q, Zu Q, Dong R, Qi Y. Natural products targeting autophagy and apoptosis in NSCLC: a novel therapeutic strategy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1379698. [PMID: 38628670 PMCID: PMC11019012 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1379698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the predominant type. The roles of autophagy and apoptosis in NSCLC present a dual and intricate nature. Additionally, autophagy and apoptosis interconnect through diverse crosstalk molecules. Owing to their multitargeting nature, safety, and efficacy, natural products have emerged as principal sources for NSCLC therapeutic candidates. This review begins with an exploration of the mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis, proceeds to examine the crosstalk molecules between these processes, and outlines their implications and interactions in NSCLC. Finally, the paper reviews natural products that have been intensively studied against NSCLC targeting autophagy and apoptosis, and summarizes in detail the four most retrieved representative drugs. This paper clarifies good therapeutic effects of natural products in NSCLC by targeting autophagy and apoptosis and aims to promote greater consideration by researchers of natural products as candidates for anti-NSCLC drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Qin
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qingchen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Zu
- Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ruxue Dong
- Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanfu Qi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Cumming T, Levayer R. Toward a predictive understanding of epithelial cell death. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:44-57. [PMID: 37400292 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cell death is highly prevalent during development and tissue homeostasis. While we have a rather good understanding of the molecular regulators of programmed cell death, especially for apoptosis, we still fail to predict when, where, how many and which specific cells will die in a tissue. This likely relies on the much more complex picture of apoptosis regulation in a tissular and epithelial context, which entails cell autonomous but also non-cell autonomous factors, diverse feedback and multiple layers of regulation of the commitment to apoptosis. In this review, we illustrate this complexity of epithelial apoptosis regulation by describing these different layers of control, all demonstrating that local cell death probability is a complex emerging feature. We first focus on non-cell autonomous factors that can locally modulate the rate of cell death, including cell competition, mechanical input and geometry as well as systemic effects. We then describe the multiple feedback mechanisms generated by cell death itself. We also outline the multiple layers of regulation of epithelial cell death, including the coordination of extrusion and regulation occurring downstream of effector caspases. Eventually, we propose a roadmap to reach a more predictive understanding of cell death regulation in an epithelial context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Cumming
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F75005 Paris, France
| | - Romain Levayer
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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Bitterli T, Schmid D, Ettinger L, Krupkova O, Bach FC, Tryfonidou MA, Meij BP, Pozzi A, Steffen F, Wuertz‐Kozak K, Smolders LA. Targeted screening of inflammatory mediators in spontaneous degenerative disc disease in dogs reveals an upregulation of the tumor necrosis superfamily. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1292. [PMID: 38222814 PMCID: PMC10782068 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The regulation of inflammatory mediators in the degenerating intervertebral disc (IVD) and corresponding ligamentum flavum (LF) is a topic of emerging interest. The study aimed to investigate the expression of a broad array of inflammatory mediators in the degenerated LF and IVD using a dog model of spontaneous degenerative disc disease (DDD) to determine potential treatment targets. Methods LF and IVD tissues were collected from 22 normal dogs (Pfirrmann grades I and II) and 18 dogs affected by DDD (Pfirrmann grades III and IV). A qPCR gene array was used to investigate the expression of 80 inflammatory genes for LF and IVD tissues, whereafter targets of interest were investigated in additional tissue samples using qPCR, western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry. Results Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) signaling was identified as a regulated pathway in DDD, based on the significant regulation (n-fold ± SD) of various TNFSF members in the degenerated IVD, including nerve growth factor (NGF; -8 ± 10), CD40LG (464 ± 442), CD70 (341 ± 336), TNFSF Ligand 10 (9 ± 8), and RANKL/TNFSF Ligand 11 (85 ± 74). In contrast, TNFSF genes were not significantly affected in the degenerated LF compared to the control LF. Protein expression of NGF (WB) was significantly upregulated in both the degenerated LF (4.4 ± 0.5) and IVD (11.3 ± 5.6) compared to the control group. RANKL immunopositivity was significantly upregulated in advanced stages of degeneration (Thompson grades IV and V) in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the IVD, but not in the LF. Conclusions DDD involves a significant upregulation of various TNFSF members, with tissue-specific expression profiles in LF and IVD tissues. The differential involvement of TNFSF members within multiple spinal tissues from the same individual provides new insights into the inflammatory processes involved in DDD and may provide a basis to formulate hypotheses for the determination of potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bitterli
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - David Schmid
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ladina Ettinger
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Olga Krupkova
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Spine SurgeryUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of Basel & University Hospital Basel, Tissue EngineeringBaselSwitzerland
| | - Frances C. Bach
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Björn P. Meij
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Antonio Pozzi
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Frank Steffen
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine CenterAcademic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria)MunichGermany
| | - Lucas A. Smolders
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Tian L, Li Y, Shi Y. Dark and Dronc activation in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312784121. [PMID: 38381783 PMCID: PMC10907274 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312784121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The onset of apoptosis is characterized by a cascade of caspase activation, where initiator caspases are activated by a multimeric adaptor complex known as the apoptosome. In Drosophila melanogaster, the initiator caspase Dronc undergoes autocatalytic activation in the presence of the Dark apoptosome. Despite rigorous investigations, the activation mechanism for Dronc remains elusive. Here, we report the cryo-EM structures of an auto-inhibited Dark monomer and a single-layered, multimeric Dark/Dronc complex. Our biochemical analysis suggests that the auto-inhibited Dark oligomerizes upon binding to Dronc, which is sufficient for the activation of both Dark and Dronc. In contrast, the previously observed double-ring Dark apoptosome may represent a non-functional or "off-pathway" conformation. These findings expand our understanding on the molecular mechanism of apoptosis in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yini Li
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yigong Shi
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou310024, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou310024, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou310024, China
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Morotomi-Yano K, Hayami S, Yano KI. Adhesion States Greatly Affect Cellular Susceptibility to Graphene Oxide: Therapeutic Implications for Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1927. [PMID: 38339205 PMCID: PMC10855874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has received increasing attention in the life sciences because of its potential for various applications. Although GO is generally considered biocompatible, it can negatively impact cell physiology under some circumstances. Here, we demonstrate that the cytotoxicity of GO greatly varies depending on the cell adhesion states. Human HCT-116 cells in a non-adhered state were more susceptible to GO than those in an adherent state. Apoptosis was partially induced by GO in both adhered and non-adhered cells to a similar extent, suggesting that apoptosis induction does not account for the selective effects of GO on non-adhered cells. GO treatment rapidly decreased intracellular ATP levels in non-adhered cells but not in adhered ones, suggesting ATP depletion as the primary cause of GO-induced cell death. Concurrently, autophagy induction, a cellular response for energy homeostasis, was more evident in non-adhered cells than in adhered cells. Collectively, our observations provide novel insights into GO's action with regard to cell adhesion states. Because the elimination of non-adhered cells is important in preventing cancer metastasis, the selective detrimental effects of GO on non-adhered cells suggest its therapeutic potential for use in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Morotomi-Yano
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yano
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Jin R, Hu W, Zhou M, Lin F, Xu A. Caffeic acid derivative WSY6 protects melanocytes from oxidative stress by reducing ROS production and MAPK activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24843. [PMID: 38304822 PMCID: PMC10831733 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitiligo is a chronic depigmentation disease caused by a loss of functioning melanocytes and melanin from the epidermis. Oxidative stress-induced damage to melanocytes is key in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. WSY6 is a caffeic acid derivative synthesized from epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). This study is to investigate whether the new chemical WSY6 protected melanocytes from H2O2-induced cell damage and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Patients and methods The present study compared the antioxidative potential of WSY6 with EGCG in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated PIG1 cells. Western blotting was used to study the protein expression of cyto-c, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase9, and the activation of MAPK family members, including p38, ERK1/2, JNK and their phosphorylation in melanocytes. ROS assay kit to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species production; CCK8 and lactate dehydrogenase leak assay to detect cytotoxicity. Results EGCG and WSY6 ameliorated H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in PIG1 cells in a does-dependent manner, while WSY6 was much more effective. WSY6 reduced cellular ROS production, cytochrome c release, downregulated caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation. MAPK pathway signaling including phosphorylated p38, ERK and JNK were observed under oxidative stress and can be much protected by pre-treatment of WSY6. Conclusion These results indicated that WSY6 could be a more powerful antioxidant than EGCG and protect melanocytes against oxidative cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miaoni Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Fuquan Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Aie Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
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Sang CC, Moore G, Tereshchenko M, Nosella ML, Zhang H, Alderson TR, Dasovich M, Leung A, Finkelstein IJ, Forman-Kay JD, Lee HO. PARP1 condensates differentially partition DNA repair proteins and enhance DNA ligation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.20.575817. [PMID: 38328070 PMCID: PMC10849519 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.575817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is one of the first responders to DNA damage and plays crucial roles in recruiting DNA repair proteins through its activity - poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation). The enrichment of DNA repair proteins at sites of DNA damage has been described as the formation of a biomolecular condensate. However, it is not understood how PARP1 and PARylation contribute to the formation and organization of DNA repair condensates. Using recombinant human PARP1 in vitro, we find that PARP1 readily forms viscous biomolecular condensates in a DNA-dependent manner and that this depends on its three zinc finger (ZnF) domains. PARylation enhances PARP1 condensation in a PAR chain-length dependent manner and increases the internal dynamics of PARP1 condensates. DNA and single-strand break repair proteins XRCC1, LigIII, Polβ, and FUS partition in PARP1 condensates, although in different patterns. While Polβ and FUS are both homogeneously mixed within PARP1 condensates, FUS enrichment is greatly enhanced upon PARylation whereas Polβ partitioning is not. XRCC1 and LigIII display an inhomogeneous organization within PARP1 condensates; their enrichment in these multiphase condensates is enhanced by PARylation. Functionally, PARP1 condensates concentrate short DNA fragments and facilitate compaction of long DNA and bridge DNA ends. Furthermore, the presence of PARP1 condensates significantly promotes DNA ligation upon PARylation. These findings provide insight into how PARP1 condensation and PARylation regulate the assembly and biochemical activities in DNA repair foci, which may inform on how PARPs function in other PAR-driven condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaelen Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Maria Tereshchenko
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael L. Nosella
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Molecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | - T. Reid Alderson
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Morgan Dasovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anthony Leung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Oncology, and Department of Genetic Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ilya J. Finkelstein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | - Julie D. Forman-Kay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Molecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hyun O. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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12
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Sanjai C, Hakkimane SS, Guru BR, Gaonkar SL. A comprehensive review on anticancer evaluation techniques. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106973. [PMID: 37984104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective anticancer strategies and the improvement of our understanding of cancer need analytical tools. Utilizing a variety of analytical approaches while investigating anti-cancer medicines gives us a thorough understanding of the traits and mechanisms concerned to cancer cells, which enables us to develop potent treatments to combat them. The importance of anticancer research may be attributed to various analytical techniques that contributes to the identification of therapeutic targets and the assessment of medication efficacy, which are crucial things in expanding our understanding of cancer biology. The study looks at methods that are often used in cancer research, including cell viability assays, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry, 2D electrophoresis, microarray, immunofluorescence, western blot caspase activation assay, bioinformatics, etc. The fundamentals, applications, and how each technique analytical advances our understanding of cancer are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetana Sanjai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushruta S Hakkimane
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Bharath Raja Guru
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh L Gaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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13
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Park JH, Kim MS, Yun DH, Kim YC. Apoptosis/Necroptosis Inducing Thiazole-Containing Artificial Polypeptide for Immunogenic Cell Death of Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5290-5300. [PMID: 38044569 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged as a promising approach to cancer immunotherapy. During ICD, cancer cell death and the release of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signals occur simultaneously. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and severe endoplasmic reticulum stress are necessary for enhanced ICD. Furthermore, the levels of ROS and reduced glutathione (GSH) are involved in various cell death mechanisms. The thiazole ring structure has gained considerable interest as a functional moiety for anticancer agents. This study designed and synthesized a positively charged cell-penetrating polypeptide with a thiazole functional moiety (NS). The NS internalizes into the cancer cells through direct penetration and endo-lysosomal escape. The NS induces mitochondrial depolarization and ER stress in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to a significant ROS production and GSH depletion. Consequently, the ICD of cancer cells is activated, resulting in the release of DAMP signals. Furthermore, NS causes a shift in the cell death pathway from apoptosis to necroptosis as the concentration increases. In this study, we confirmed the possibility of NS as a promising ICD inducer that can be used while varying the concentration according to the cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Sik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeu-Chun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Stamatiou R, Vasilaki A, Tzini D, Deskata K, Zacharouli K, Ioannou M, Sgantzos M, Zakynthinos E, Makris D. Colistin Effects on Emphysematous Lung in an LPS-Sepsis Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1731. [PMID: 38136765 PMCID: PMC10740909 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Emphysema is prevalent in various respiratory diseases like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. Colistin and vasoconstrictive drugs are crucial for treating these patients when diagnosed with sepsis in the ICU. This study examines colistin impact in ether-induced emphysematous septic and non-septic animals, focusing on lung pathophysiology and inflammatory responses, including IL-1β, TNF-α, AMPK, caspase-3, cyclin-D1, and colistin levels in lung tissue. All animals exhibited significant emphysematous changes, accentuated by LPS-induced septic conditions, validating the emphysema model and highlighting the exacerbating effect of sepsis on lung pathology. Colistin, alone or with vasoconstrictive drugs, stimulated immune responses through increased inflammatory cell infiltration and the presence of lymphocytes, indicating potential immunomodulatory effects. Vasoconstriction did not alter the effects of colistin or sepsis but correlated with increased colistin levels in the lungs of septic animals. These observations suggest a potential interplay between vasoconstrictive drugs and colistin distribution/metabolism, leading to enhanced local concentrations of colistin in the lung microenvironment. The findings suggest the need for further investigations to optimize colistin and vasoconstrictive drug delivery in critically ill patients with lung pathologies. Understanding these complexities may guide more effective management of inflammatory responses and lung pathologies in these critical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodopi Stamatiou
- Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anna Vasilaki
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.V.)
| | - Dimitra Tzini
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.V.)
| | - Konstantina Deskata
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece (E.Z.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantina Zacharouli
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece (M.I.)
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece (M.I.)
| | - Markos Sgantzos
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Epaminondas Zakynthinos
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece (E.Z.); (D.M.)
| | - Demosthenes Makris
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece (E.Z.); (D.M.)
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15
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Pathak S, Singh V, Kumar N, Jayandharan GR. Inducible caspase 9-mediated suicide gene therapy using AAV6 vectors in a murine model of breast cancer. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101166. [PMID: 38149057 PMCID: PMC10750187 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast carcinoma has one of the highest incidence rates (11.7%), with significant clinical heterogeneity. Although conventional chemotherapy and surgical resection are the current standard of care, the resistance and recurrence, after these interventions, necessitate alternate therapeutic approaches. Cancer gene therapy for breast cancer with the suicide gene is an attractive option due to their directed delivery into the tumor. In this study, we have developed a novel treatment strategy against breast cancer with recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 6 vectors carrying a suicide gene, inducible Caspase 9 (iCasp9). Upon treatment with AAV6-iCasp9 vectors and the chemical inducer of dimerizer, AP20187, the viability of murine breast cancer cells (4T1) was significantly reduced to ∼40%-60% (mock control 100%). Following intratumoral delivery of AAV6-iCasp9 vectors in an orthotopic breast cancer mouse model, we observed a significant increase in iCasp9 transgene expression and a significant reduction in tumor growth rate. At the molecular level, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated subsequent activation of the effector caspase 3 and cellular death. These data highlight the potential of AAV6-iCasp9-based suicide gene therapy for aggressive breast cancer in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Pathak
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Vijayata Singh
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Giridhara R. Jayandharan
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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16
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Torii T, Sugimoto W, Itoh K, Kinoshita N, Gessho M, Goto T, Uehara I, Nakajima W, Budirahardja Y, Miyoshi D, Nishikata T, Tanaka N, Hirata H, Kawauchi K. Loss of p53 function promotes DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:766. [PMID: 38001089 PMCID: PMC10674001 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in response to DNA damage. DNA-damaging agents modulate nuclear actin dynamics, influencing cell behaviors; however, whether p53 affects the formation of nuclear actin filaments remains unclear. In this study, we found that p53 depletion promoted the formation of nuclear actin filaments in response to DNA-damaging agents, such as doxorubicin (DOXO) and etoposide (VP16). Even though the genetic probes used for the detection of nuclear actin filaments exerted a promotive effect on actin polymerization, the detected formation of nuclear actin filaments was highly dependent on both p53 depletion and DNA damage. Whilst active p53 is known to promote caspase-1 expression, the overexpression of caspase-1 reduced DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments in p53-depleted cells. In contrast, co-treatment with DOXO and the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh or the caspase-1 inhibitor Z-YVAD-FMK induced the formation of nuclear actin filament formation even in cells bearing wild-type p53. These results suggest that the p53-caspase-1 axis suppresses DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. In addition, we found that the expression of nLifeact-GFP, the filamentous-actin-binding peptide Lifeact fused with the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and GFP, modulated the structure of nuclear actin filaments to be phalloidin-stainable in p53-depleted cells treated with the DNA-damaging agent, altering the chromatin structure and reducing the transcriptional activity. The level of phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX), a marker of DNA damage, in these cells also reduced upon nLifeact-GFP expression, whilst details of the functional relationship between the formation of nLifeact-GFP-decorated nuclear actin filaments and DNA repair remained to be elucidated. Considering that the loss of p53 is associated with cancer progression, the results of this study raise a possibility that the artificial reinforcement of nuclear actin filaments by nLifeact-GFP may enhance the cytotoxic effect of DNA-damaging agents in aggressive cancer cells through a reduction in gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Torii
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Wataru Sugimoto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Itoh
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kinoshita
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masaya Gessho
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Goto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ikuno Uehara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yemima Budirahardja
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyoshi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kawauchi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
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17
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Su M, Ren X, Du D, He H, Zhang D, Xie R, Deng X, Zou C, Zou H. Curcumol β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex enhances radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer under hypoxic and normoxic condition. Jpn J Radiol 2023; 41:1275-1289. [PMID: 37227584 PMCID: PMC10613597 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy is an indispensable treatment for esophageal cancer (EC), but radioresistance is not uncommon. Curcumol, as an active extract from traditional Chinese medicines, has been reported to have antitumor activity in various types of human tumor cells. However, its reversal of radioresistance has been rarely reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, curcumol was prepared as an inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin. EC cell lines were treated with radiation and curcumol β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (CβC), and the effect of radiosensitization of CβC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments included cell proliferation assay, clonogenic survival assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle assay, and western blot assay. RESULTS The in vitro data revealed that CβC and irradiation synergistically inhibited the proliferation, reduced the colony formation, promoted the apoptosis, increased the G2/M phase, inhibited DNA damage repair, and reversed the hypoxia-mediated radioresistance of EC cells to a greater extent than did CβC alone or irradiation alone. The sensitization enhancement ratios (SERs) were 1.39 for TE-1 and 1.48 for ECA109 under hypoxia. The SERs were 1.25 for TE-1 and 1.32 for ECA109 under normoxia. The in vivo data demonstrated that the combination of CβC and irradiation could inhibit tumor growth to the greatest extent compared with either monotherapy alone. The enhancement factor was 2.45. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CβC could enhance radiosensitivity of EC cells under hypoxic and normoxic condition. Thus, CβC can be used as an effective radiosensitizer for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexi Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Raoying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haizhou Zou
- Derpartment of Medical Oncology, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 9 Jiaowei Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Yulak F, Filiz AK, Joha Z, Ergul M. Mechanism of anticancer effect of ETP-45658, a PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitor on HT-29 Cells. Med Oncol 2023; 40:341. [PMID: 37891359 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The PI3K pathway plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation across various cancers, including colon cancer, making it a promising treatment target. This study aims to investigate the antiproliferative activity of ETP-45658, a PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitor, on colon cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. HT-29 colon cancer cells were treated with varying doses of ETP 45658 and its cytotoxic effect assessed using the XTT cell viability assay.ELISA was also used to measure TAS, TOS, Bax, BCL-2, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. Flow cytometry was performed to investigate apoptosis, cell cycle, caspase 3/7 activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, following the administration of DAPI (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) dye, the cells were visualized using an immunofluorescence microscope. It was observed that ETP-45658 exerted a dose-dependent and statistically significant antiproliferative effect on HT-29 colon cancer cells. Further investigations using the IC50 dose showed that ETP-45658 decreased TAS levels and increased TOS levels and revealed that it upregulated apoptotic proteins while downregulating anti-apoptotic proteins. Our findings also showed that it increased Annexin V binding, arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, induced caspase 3/7 activity, impaired mitochondrial membrane potential, and ultimately triggered apoptosis in HT-29 cells. ETP-45658 shows promise against colon cancer by inducing cell death, and oxidative stress, and arresting the cell cycle. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway with ETP-45658 offers exciting potential for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Yulak
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kemal Filiz
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Zıad Joha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ergul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
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19
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Ayoup MS, Wahby Y, Abdel-Hamid H, Abu-Serie MM, Ramadan S, Barakat A, Teleb M, Ismail MMF. Reinvestigation of Passerini and Ugi scaffolds as multistep apoptotic inducers via dual modulation of caspase 3/7 and P53-MDM2 signaling for halting breast cancer. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27722-27737. [PMID: 37736568 PMCID: PMC10509784 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective induction of breast cancer apoptosis is viewed as the mainstay of various ongoing oncology drug discovery programs. Passerini scaffolds have been recently exploited as selective apoptosis inducers via a caspase 3/7 dependent pathway. Herein, the optimized Passerini caspase activators were manipulated to synergistically induce P53-dependent apoptosis via modulating the closely related P53-MDM2 signaling axis. The adopted design rationale and synthetic routes relied on mimicking the general thematic features of lead MDM2 inhibitors incorporating multiple aromatic rings. Accordingly, the cyclization of representative Passerini derivatives and related Ugi compounds into the corresponding diphenylimidazolidine and spiro derivative was performed, resembling the nutlin-based and spiro MDM-2 inhibitors, respectively. The study was also extended to explore the apoptotic induction capacity of the scaffold after simplification and modifications. MTT assay on MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells compared to normal fibroblasts (WI-38) revealed their promising cytotoxic activities. The flexible Ugi derivatives 3 and 4, cyclic analog 8, Passerini adduct 12, and the thiosemicarbazide derivative 17 were identified as the study hits regarding cytotoxic potency and selectivity, being over 10-folds more potent (IC50 = 0.065-0.096 μM) and safer (SI = 4.4-18.7) than doxorubicin (IC50 = 0.478 μM, SI = 0.569) on MCF-7 cells. They promoted apoptosis induction via caspase 3/7 activation (3.1-4.1 folds) and P53 induction (up to 4 folds). Further apoptosis studies revealed that these compounds enhanced gene expression of BAX by 2 folds and suppressed Bcl-2 expression by 4.29-7.75 folds in the treated MCF-7 cells. Docking simulations displayed their plausible binding modes with the molecular targets and highlighted their structural determinants of activities for further optimization studies. Finally, in silico prediction of the entire library was computationally performed, showing that most of them could be envisioned as drug-like candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salah Ayoup
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University P. O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Yasmin Wahby
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University P. O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Hamida Abdel-Hamid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University P. O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Egypt
| | - Sherif Ramadan
- Chemistry Department, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Benha University Benha Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University Alexandria 21521 Egypt
| | - Magda M F Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11754 Egypt
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20
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Kuo YH, Lai TC, Chang CH, Hsieh HC, Yang FM, Hu MC. 5,6-Dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells through inhibiting of Mcl-1 expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12621. [PMID: 37537243 PMCID: PMC10400577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective treatment of breast cancer remains a profound clinical challenge, especially due to drug resistance and metastasis which unfortunately arise in many patients. The transcription inhibitor 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB), as a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 9, was shown to be effective in inducing apoptosis in various hematopoietic malignancies. However, the anticancer efficacy of DRB against breast cancer is still unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that administration of DRB to the breast cancer cell line led to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of the typical signs of apoptotic cells, including the increases in Annexin V-positive cells, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-7, caspase-9, and poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP). Treatment of DRB resulted in a rapid decline in the myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) protein, whereas levels of other antiapoptotic proteins did not change. Overexpression of Mcl-1 decreased the DRB-induced PARP cleavage, whereas knockdown of Mcl-1 enhanced the effects of DRB on PARP activation, indicating that loss of Mcl-1 accounts for the DRB-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, but not in T-47D. Furthermore, we found that co-treatment of MCF-7 cells with an inhibitor of AKT (LY294002) or an inhibitor of the proteasome (MG-132) significantly augmented the DRB-induced apoptosis. These data suggested that DRB in combination with LY294002 or MG-132 may have a greater therapeutic potency against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chun Lai
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ming Yang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Chun Hu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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21
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Wang Q, Meng H, Ge D, Shan H, Geri L, Liu F. Structural and nonstructural proteins of Senecavirus A: Recent research advances, and lessons learned from those of other picornaviruses. Virology 2023; 585:155-163. [PMID: 37348144 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging virus, causing vesicular disease in swine. SVA is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus, which is the only member of the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae. SVA genome encodes 12 proteins: L, VP4, VP2, VP3, VP1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D. The VP1 to VP4 are structural proteins, and the others are nonstructural proteins. The replication of SVA in host cells is a complex process coordinated by an elaborate interplay between the structural and nonstructural proteins. Structural proteins are primarily involved in the invasion and assembly of virions. Nonstructural proteins modulate viral RNA translation and replication, and also take part in antagonizing the antiviral host response and in disrupting some cellular processes to allow virus replication. Here, we systematically reviewed the molecular functions of SVA structural and nonstructural proteins by reference to literatures of SVA itself and other picornaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010011, China
| | - Hailan Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dong Ge
- Qingdao Lijian Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266114, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Letu Geri
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010011, China.
| | - Fuxiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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22
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Park W, Wei S, Kim BS, Kim B, Bae SJ, Chae YC, Ryu D, Ha KT. Diversity and complexity of cell death: a historical review. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1573-1594. [PMID: 37612413 PMCID: PMC10474147 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at the individual or cellular level. For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome of nonfunctioning cells, as inflammation was inevitably triggered in response to damage. However, experimental evidence accumulated over the past few decades has revealed different types of cell death that are genetically programmed to eliminate unnecessary or severely damaged cells that may damage surrounding tissues. Several types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death, and lysosomal cell death, which are classified as programmed cell death, and pyroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis, which are classified as inflammatory cell death, have been described over the years. Recently, several novel forms of cell death, namely, mitoptosis, paraptosis, immunogenic cell death, entosis, methuosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuproptosis, and erebosis, have been discovered and advanced our understanding of cell death and its complexity. In this review, we provide a historical overview of the discovery and characterization of different forms of cell death and highlight their diversity and complexity. We also briefly discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying each type of cell death and the implications of cell death in various physiological and pathological contexts. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of different mechanisms of cell death that can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Sung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bosung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Yao ZK, Jean YH, Lin SC, Lai YC, Chen NF, Tseng CC, Chen WF, Wen ZH, Kuo HM. Manoalide Induces Intrinsic Apoptosis by Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1422. [PMID: 37507960 PMCID: PMC10376204 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor that produces immature osteoid. Metastatic OS has a poor prognosis with a death rate of >70%. Manoalide is a natural sesterterpenoid isolated from marine sponges. It is a phospholipase A2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and effect of manoalide on OS cells. Our experiments showed that manoalide induced cytotoxicity in 143B and MG63 cells (human osteosarcoma). Treatment with manoalide at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 µM for 24 and 48 h reduced MG63 cell viability to 45.13-4.40% (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, manoalide caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and disrupted antioxidant proteins, activating the apoptotic proteins caspase-9/-3 and PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase). Excessive levels of ROS in the mitochondria affected oxidative phosphorylation, ATP generation, and membrane potential (ΔΨm). Additionally, manoalide down-regulated mitochondrial fusion protein and up-regulated mitochondrial fission protein, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation and impaired function. On the contrary, a pre-treatment with n-acetyl-l-cysteine ameliorated manoalide-induced apoptosis, ROS, and antioxidant proteins in OS cells. Overall, our findings show that manoalide induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, causing the cell death of OS cells, showing potential as an innovative alternative treatment in human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kang Yao
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chun Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
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24
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Liu J, Luo Y, Kong X, Yu B, Zheng P, Huang Z, Mao X, Yu J, Luo J, Yan H, He J. Influences of wheat bran fiber on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal epithelium functions in Xiangcun pigs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17699. [PMID: 37449141 PMCID: PMC10336591 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) has long been looked as an essential "nutrients" both for animals and humans as it can promote the intestinal tract development and modulate the intestinal epithelium functions and the gut microbiota. This study was conducted to investigate the influences of wheat bran fiber (WBF) on growth performance and intestinal epithelium functions in Xiangcun pigs. Twenty Xiangcun pigs with 60 days of age were divided to two groups and exposed to a basal diet (BD) or BD containing 4.3% wheat bran fiber (WFD). WFD improved the average daily gain (ADG) and feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) (p < 0.01). Moreover, WFD lowered the serum triglyceride (TC), d-lactate, and malonicdialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, but significantly improved the glutathione (GSH) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p < 0.05). Interestingly, WFD observably improved the villus height (VH) and the villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) in the small intestine (p < 0.05). The jejunal sucrase and ileal maltase activities were higher in the WFD group (p < 0.05). WFD markedly elevated the tight junction protein ZO-1 and claudin-1 expression levels in the jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). The sodium/glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and fatty acid transport proteins 4 (FATP-4) expression levels in jejunum and ileum were also elevated under WFD (p < 0.05). WFD decreased the IL-6 impression level in the duodenum and ileum, but significantly increased the IL-10 expression levels in jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). Moreover, WFD reduced the abundance of E. coli, but elevated the abundances of beneficial microorganisms (e.g. Lactobacillus and Bacillus) and the production microbial metabolites (e.g. propionic acid and butyrate acid) in the cecum (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 611130 410125, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
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25
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Liu GY, Xie WL, Wang YT, Chen L, Xu ZZ, Lv Y, Wu QP. Calpain: the regulatory point of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1194402. [PMID: 37456811 PMCID: PMC10346867 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1194402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calpain is a conserved cysteine protease readily expressed in several mammalian tissues, which is usually activated by Ca2+ and with maximum activity at neutral pH. The activity of calpain is tightly regulated because its aberrant activation will nonspecifically cleave various proteins in cells. Abnormally elevation of Ca2+ promotes the abnormal activation of calpain during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, resulting in myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction. In this paper, we mainly reviewed the effects of calpain in various programmed cell death (such as apoptosis, mitochondrial-mediated necrosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, and parthanatos) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. In addition, we also discussed the abnormal activation of calpain during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, the effect of calpain on myocardial repair, and the possible future research directions of calpain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan-Li Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Ping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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26
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Cai DH, Liang BF, Chen BH, Liu QY, Pan ZY, Le XY, He L. A novel water-soluble Cu(II) gluconate complex inhibits cancer cell growth by triggering apoptosis and ferroptosis related mechanisms. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112299. [PMID: 37354603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal copper complexes have attracted extensive attention as potential alternatives to platinum-based anticancer drugs due to their possible different modes of action. Herein, a new copper(II) gluconate complex, namely [Cu(DPQ)(Gluc)]·2H2O (CuGluc, DPQ = pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline), with good water-solubility and high anticancer activity was synthesized by using D-gluconic acid (Gluc-2H) as an auxiliary ligand. The complex was well characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The DNA-binding experiments revealed that CuGluc was bound to DNA by intercalation with end-stacking binding. CuGluc could oxidatively cleave DNA, in which 1O2 and H2O2 were involved. In addition, CuGluc was bound to the IIA subdomain of human serum albumin (HSA) through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding, showing a good affinity for HSA. The complex showed superior anticancer activity toward several cancer cells than cisplatin in vitro. Further studies indicated that CuGluc caused apoptotic cell death in human liver cancer (HepG2) cells through elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle arrest, and caspase activation. Interestingly, CuGluc also triggered the ferroptosis mechanism through lipid peroxide accumulation and inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity. More importantly, CuGluc significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo, which may benefit from the combined effects of apoptosis and ferroptosis. This work provides a promising strategy to develop highly effective antitumor copper complexes by coordinating with the glucose metabolite D-gluconic acid and exploiting the synergistic effects of apoptosis and ferroptosis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Hong Cai
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bin-Fa Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bai-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qi-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zheng-Yin Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China.
| | - Xue-Yi Le
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Liang He
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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27
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Stamatiou R, Vasilaki A, Tzini D, Tsolaki V, Zacharouli K, Ioannou M, Fotakopoulos G, Sgantzos M, Makris D. Critical-Illness: Combined Effects of Colistin and Vasoactive Drugs: A Pilot Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1057. [PMID: 37370376 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin is often used as a last resort for treating multidrug-resistant infections, particularly in critically ill patients in intensive care units. Nonetheless, its side effects, including myopathy, require careful monitoring. Vasoconstrictive drugs are also used in intensive care to increase blood pressure and improve blood flow to vital organs, which can be compromised in critically ill patients. The exact mechanism of colistin-induced muscle toxicity is of significant interest due to its potential intensive-care clinical implications. Colistin alone or in combination with vasoconstrictive agents was administrated in non-septic and LPS-induced septic animals for 10 days. Histopathological evaluation of the gastrocnemius muscle and dot-blot protein tissue analysis were performed. Increased intramuscular area, de-organization of the muscle fibers and signs of myopathy were observed in colistin-treated animals. This effect was ameliorated in the presence of vasoconstrictive drugs. Administration of colistin to septic animals resulted in a decrease of AMPK and cyclin-D1 levels, while it had no effect on caspase 3 levels. Vasoconstrictive drugs' administration reversed the effects of colistin on AMPK and cyclin D1 levels. Colistin's effects on muscle depend on septic state and vasoconstriction presence, highlighting the need to consider these factors when administering it in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodopi Stamatiou
- Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anna Vasilaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tzini
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Tsolaki
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantina Zacharouli
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - George Fotakopoulos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, 41500 Larisa, Greece
| | - Markos Sgantzos
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Makris
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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28
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El-Demerdash AS, Mohamady SN, Megahed HM, Ali NM. Evaluation of gene expression related to immunity, apoptosis, and gut integrity that underlies Artemisia's therapeutic effects in necrotic enteritis-challenged broilers. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:181. [PMID: 37193331 PMCID: PMC10182211 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The experiment was designed to validate the effect of Artemisia annua and its novel commercial product (Navy Cox) on the control of necrotic enteritis (NE). A total of one hundred forty broiler chicks were randomly distributed into seven equal groups: G1, control negative; G2, infected with Eimeria (day 15) and C. perfringens (day 19); G3, treated with Navy Cox before challenge; G4, treated with Artemisia before challenge; G5, infected and then treated with Navy Cox; G6, infected and then treated with Artemisia; and G7, infected and treated with amoxicillin. Chicken response and immune organ indicants were recorded during the observation period (4 weeks). Whole blood and serum samples were collected for immunological evaluation, and tissue samples were collected for bacterial counts and estimation of mRNA expression of genes encoding apoptosis, tight junctions, and immunity. Chickens in the infected group revealed a significant decrease in RBCS, HB, PCV% total protein, Lysozyme, and nitric oxide activity in addition to leukocytosis, heterophilia, monocytosis, increase in cortisol, interleukins, and malondialdehyde. Treated groups displayed lower lesions, colony-forming units, and no mortality. Concurrently, a complete blood profile, antioxidants, and immune markers showed significant improvements. The mRNA expression levels of CASP, CLDN-1, OCLN, TJPI, MUC2, and cell-mediated immune response genes (p < 0.0001) were significantly alleviated in the treated groups compared with the challenged counterpart. This is the first-ever report on the efficacy valuation of Navy Cox compared to standard antibiotic treatment of clostridial NE. Navy Cox proved remarkable capability to minimize C. perfringens colonization in broiler intestines, modulation of mucus production, gut health integrity, immune organs, and immune response when used as a prophylactic agent in this form or naturally as Artemisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza S. El-Demerdash
- Microbiology Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sahar N. Mohamady
- Clinical Pathology Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hend M. Megahed
- Biochemistry Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M. Ali
- Poultry Disease Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Assuit, Egypt
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Frigo E, Tommasin L, Lippe G, Carraro M, Bernardi P. The Haves and Have-Nots: The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore across Species. Cells 2023; 12:1409. [PMID: 37408243 PMCID: PMC10216546 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demonstration that F1FO (F)-ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) can form Ca2+-activated, high-conductance channels in the inner membrane of mitochondria from a variety of eukaryotes led to renewed interest in the permeability transition (PT), a permeability increase mediated by the PT pore (PTP). The PT is a Ca2+-dependent permeability increase in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose function and underlying molecular mechanisms have challenged scientists for the last 70 years. Although most of our knowledge about the PTP comes from studies in mammals, recent data obtained in other species highlighted substantial differences that could be perhaps attributed to specific features of F-ATP synthase and/or ANT. Strikingly, the anoxia and salt-tolerant brine shrimp Artemia franciscana does not undergo a PT in spite of its ability to take up and store Ca2+ in mitochondria, and the anoxia-resistant Drosophila melanogaster displays a low-conductance, selective Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel rather than a PTP. In mammals, the PT provides a mechanism for the release of cytochrome c and other proapoptotic proteins and mediates various forms of cell death. In this review, we cover the features of the PT (or lack thereof) in mammals, yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, Artemia franciscana and Caenorhabditis elegans, and we discuss the presence of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and of other forms of cell death. We hope that this exercise may help elucidate the function(s) of the PT and its possible role in evolution and inspire further tests to define its molecular nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Frigo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Ludovica Tommasin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
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Yin Y, Song Y, Jia Y, Xia J, Bai R, Kong X. Sodium Dynamics in the Cellular Environment. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10522-10532. [PMID: 37104830 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Sodium ions are essential for the functions of biological cells, and they are maintained at the balance between intra- and extracellular environments. The quantitative assessment of intra- and extracellular sodium as well as its dynamics can provide crucial physiological information on a living system. 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful and noninvasive technique to probe the local environment and dynamics of sodium ions. However, due to the complex relaxation behavior of the quadrupolar nucleus in the intermediate-motion regime and because of the heterogeneous compartments and diverse molecular interactions in the cellular environment, the understanding of the 23Na NMR signal in biological systems is still at the early stage. In this work, we characterize the relaxation and diffusion of sodium ions in the solutions of proteins and polysaccharides, as well as in the in vitro samples of living cells. The multi-exponential behavior of 23Na transverse relaxation has been analyzed according to the relaxation theory to derive the crucial information related to the ionic dynamics and molecular binding in the solutions. The bi-compartment model of transverse relaxation and diffusion measurements can corroborate each other to quantify the fractions of intra- and extracellular sodium. We show that 23Na relaxation and diffusion can be used to monitor the viability of human cells, which offers versatile NMR metrics for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Song
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yinhang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Juntao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ruiliang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310029 Hangzhou, China
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqian Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016 Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, P. R. China
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31
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Kim YJ, Song J, Lee DH, Um SH, Bhang SH. Suppressing cancer by damaging cancer cell DNA using LED irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 243:112714. [PMID: 37084656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-energy irradiation eliminates cancer cells by destroying their genetic components. However, there are several side effects from doing this, such as fatigue, dermatitis, and hair loss, which remain obstacles to this treatment. Here, we propose a moderate method that uses low-energy white light from a light-emitting diode (LED) to selectively inhibit cancer cell proliferation without affecting normal cells. METHODS The association between LED irradiation and cancer cell growth arrest was evaluated based on cell proliferation, viability, and apoptotic activity. Immunofluorescence, polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed in vitro and in vivo to identify the metabolism related to the inhibition of HeLa cell proliferation. RESULTS LED irradiation aggravated the defective p53 signaling pathway and induced cell growth arrest in cancer cells. Consequently, cancer cell apoptosis was induced by the increased DNA damage. Additionally, LED irradiation inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells by suppressing the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, the suppression of cancer growth by the regulation of p53 and MAPK was observed in cancer-bearing mice irradiated with LED. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that LED irradiation can suppress cancer cell activity and may contribute to preventing the proliferation of cancer cells after medical surgery without causing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soong Ho Um
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Dong CL, Zhu F, Du YZ, Lu MX. Depending on different apoptosis pathways, the effector Cscaspase-3 in Chilo suppressalis exposed to temperature and parasitic stress was induced. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124270. [PMID: 37003373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) that is largely triggered by caspases through both the mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways. The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, serves as an economically important pest of rice, which is often suffered by temperature and parasitic stress under natural conditions. In the present study, effector Cscaspase-3 encoding caspase was obtained from the rice pest Chilo suppressalis. CsCaspase-3 possesses p20 and p10 subunits, two active sites, four substrate-binding sites, and two cleavage motifs. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Cscaspase-3 was expressed at maximal levels in hemocytes; furthermore, transcription was most highly in female adults. Expression of Cscaspase-3 was induced by hot and cold temperatures, with the highest expression at 39 °C. Cscaspase-3 expression was also significantly induced at 10 h, 2 d, 5 d, and 7 d of parasitism. Flow cytometry results showed that both temperature and parasitism trigger apoptosis, but only parasitism induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in C. suppressalis. RNAi-mediated silencing of Cscaspase-3 expression reduced C. suppressalis survival at -3 °C. This study provides a foundation for further studies of caspases in insects during biotic and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Lei Dong
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Proteome integral solubility alteration high-throughput proteomics assay identifies Collectin-12 as a non-apoptotic microglial caspase-3 substrate. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:192. [PMID: 36906641 PMCID: PMC10008626 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Caspases are a family of proteins mostly known for their role in the activation of the apoptotic pathway leading to cell death. In the last decade, caspases have been found to fulfill other tasks regulating the cell phenotype independently to cell death. Microglia are the immune cells of the brain responsible for the maintenance of physiological brain functions but can also be involved in disease progression when overactivated. We have previously described non-apoptotic roles of caspase-3 (CASP3) in the regulation of the inflammatory phenotype of microglial cells or pro-tumoral activation in the context of brain tumors. CASP3 can regulate protein functions by cleavage of their target and therefore could have multiple substrates. So far, identification of CASP3 substrates has been performed mostly in apoptotic conditions where CASP3 activity is highly upregulated and these approaches do not have the capacity to uncover CASP3 substrates at the physiological level. In our study, we aim at discovering novel substrates of CASP3 involved in the normal regulation of the cell. We used an unconventional approach by chemically reducing the basal level CASP3-like activity (by DEVD-fmk treatment) coupled to a Mass Spectrometry screen (PISA) to identify proteins with different soluble amounts, and consequently, non-cleaved proteins in microglia cells. PISA assay identified several proteins with significant change in their solubility after DEVD-fmk treatment, including a few already known CASP3 substrates which validated our approach. Among them, we focused on the Collectin-12 (COLEC12 or CL-P1) transmembrane receptor and uncovered a potential role for CASP3 cleavage of COLEC12 in the regulation of the phagocytic capacity of microglial cells. Taken together, these findings suggest a new way to uncover non-apoptotic substrates of CASP3 important for the modulation of microglia cell physiology.
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Lv Y, Mou Y, Su J, Liu S, Ding X, Yuan Y, Li G, Li G. The inhibitory effect and mechanism of Resina Draconis on the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells: a network pharmacology-based analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3816. [PMID: 36882618 PMCID: PMC9992681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Resina Draconis (RD) is known as the "holy medicine for promoting blood circulation" and possesses antitumor properties against various types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC); however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. To explore the potential mechanism of RD against BC using network pharmacology and experimental validation, data on bioactive compounds, potential targets of RD, and related genes of BC were obtained from multiple public databases. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were performed via the DAVID database. Protein interactions were downloaded from the STRING database. The mRNA and protein expression levels and survival analysis of the hub targets were analyzed using the UALCAN, HPA, Kaplan‒Meier mapper, and cBioPortal databases. Subsequently, molecular docking was used to verify the selected key ingredients and hub targets. Finally, the predicted results of network pharmacology methods were verified by cell experiments. In total, 160 active ingredients were obtained, and 148 RD target genes for the treatment of BC were identified. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that RD exerted its therapeutic effects on BC by regulating multiple pathways. Of these, the PI3K-AKT pathway was indicated to play an important role. In addition, RD treatment of BC seemed to involve the regulation of hub targets that were identified based on PPI interaction network analysis. Validation in different databases showed that AKT1, ESR1, HSP90AA1, CASP3, SRC and MDM2 may be involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of BC and that ESR1, IGF1 and HSP90AA1 were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in BC patients. Molecular docking results showed that 103 active compounds have good binding activity with the hub targets, among which flavonoid compounds were the most important active components. Therefore, the sanguis draconis flavones (SDF) were selected for subsequent cell experiments. The experimental results showed that SDF significantly inhibited the cell cycle and cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway and induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis. This study has preliminarily reported on the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of RD against BC, and RD was shown to exert its therapeutic effects on BC by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and related gene targets. Importantly, our work could provide a theoretical basis for further study of the complex anti-BC mechanism of RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Lv
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Yan Mou
- Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China
| | - Jing Su
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Shifang Liu
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Xuan Ding
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Yin Yuan
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China
| | - Ge Li
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong, 666100, China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, 666100, China.
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The ways for ginsenoside Rh2 to fight against cancer: the molecular evidences in vitro and in vivo. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:173-182. [PMID: 36926617 PMCID: PMC10014223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global public health issue that becomes the second primary cause of death globally. Considering the side effects of radio- or chemo-therapy, natural phytochemicals are promising alternatives for therapeutic interventions to alleviate the side effects and complications. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is the main phytochemical extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer with anticancer activity. GRh2 could induce apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells and inhibit proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, GRh2 could be used as an adjuvant to chemotherapeutics to enhance the anticancer effect and reverse the adverse effects. Here we summarized the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of GRh2 and proposed future directions to promote the development and application of GRh2.
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Hou Y, Zeng H, Li Z, Feng N, Meng F, Xu Y, Li L, Shao F, Ding J. Structural mechanisms of calmodulin activation of Shigella effector OspC3 to ADP-riboxanate caspase-4/11 and block pyroptosis. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:261-272. [PMID: 36624349 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The caspase-4/11-GSDMD pyroptosis axis recognizes cytosolic lipopolysaccharide for antibacterial defenses. Shigella flexneri employs an OspC3 effector to block pyroptosis by catalyzing NAD+-dependent arginine ADP-riboxanation of caspase-4/11. Here, we identify Ca2+-free calmodulin (CaM) that binds and stimulates OspC3 ADP-riboxanase activity. Crystal structures of OspC3-CaM and OspC3-caspase-4 binary complexes reveal unique CaM binding to an OspC3 N-terminal domain featuring an ADP-ribosyltransferase-like fold and specific recognition of caspase-4 by an OspC3 ankryin repeat domain, respectively. CaM-OspC3-caspase-4 ternary complex structures show that NAD+ binding reorganizes the catalytic pocket, in which D231 and D177 activate the substrate arginine for initial ADP-ribosylation and ribosyl 2'-OH in the ADP-ribosylated arginine, respectively, for subsequent deamination. We also determine structures of unmodified and OspC3-ADP-riboxanated caspase-4. Mechanisms derived from this series of structures covering the entire process of OspC3 action are supported by biochemical analyses in vitro and functional validation in S. flexneri-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Hou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zeng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zilin Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Pyroptosis and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanyi Meng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Pyroptosis and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingjin Ding
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China.
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Effect of isolated grandivittin from Ferulago trifida Boiss. (Apiaceae) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02419-3. [PMID: 36786818 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world. Introducing new promising agents can help the chemotherapeutic management of cancer. In the knowledge of oncology, plants are of special interest as a rich source of new antineoplastic and chemotherapeutic agents. Grandivittin (GRA) is one of the main constituents of Ferulago trifida Boiss. with established medicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the antineoplastic potential of grandivittin and its underlying mechanisms in human lung cancer A549 cells. The viability of the A549 cells after being treated with 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, 1, and 1.3 mM of GRA for three following days was measured using the MTT method. The early apoptosis and late apoptosis were assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis through annexin V/PI staining. The expression of apoptotic agents' genes (caspase 3, caspase 9, Bcl2, Bax, and P53) was evaluated by the RT-PCR method. GRA increased apoptotic cells and decreased cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, in which only 50% of cells survived at a dose of 0.7 mM. The expression of Bax, P53, caspase 3, and caspase 9 genes in the A549 cells was significantly upregulated after GRA treatment compared to control cells (P < 0.05). On the other hand, Bcl2 was significantly downregulated after GRA treatment (P < 0.05). The results indicated that GRA can activate cell death in A549 lung carcinoma cells by inducing both DNA toxicity p53 and cascade-dependent pathways. Therefore, GRA may be a potential new therapeutic agent for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Cai H, Ren Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Chu L. Ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy: A promising combination therapy for tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1119369. [PMID: 36845720 PMCID: PMC9945274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1119369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low response rate and treatment resistance are frequent problems in the immunotherapy of tumors, resulting in the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. In recent years, it has been found that ferroptosis may be related to the treatment of cancer. Various immune cells (including macrophages and CD8+ T cells) can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells, and synergistically enhance the anti-tumor immune effects. However, the mechanisms are different for each cell types. DAMP released in vitro by cancer cells undergoing ferroptosis lead to the maturation of dendritic cells, cross-induction of CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ production and M1 macrophage production. Thus, it activates the adaptability of the tumor microenvironment and forms positive feedback of the immune response. It suggests that induction of ferroptosis may contribute to reducing resistance of cancer immunotherapy and has great potential in cancer therapy. Further research into the link between ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy may offer hope for those cancers that are difficult to treat. In this review, we focus on the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy, explore the role of ferroptosis in various immune cells, and discuss potential applications of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhong Cai
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China,*Correspondence: Huazhong Cai,
| | - Yongfei Ren
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuangwei Chen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liangmei Chu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Ikegawa Y, Combet C, Groussin M, Navratil V, Safar-Remali S, Shiota T, Aouacheria A, Yoo SK. Evidence for existence of an apoptosis-inducing BH3-only protein, sayonara, in Drosophila. EMBO J 2023; 42:e110454. [PMID: 36727601 PMCID: PMC10107002 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells need to sense stresses to initiate the execution of the dormant cell death program. Since the discovery of the first BH3-only protein Bad, BH3-only proteins have been recognized as indispensable stress sensors that induce apoptosis. BH3-only proteins have so far not been identified in Drosophila despite their importance in other organisms. Here, we identify the first Drosophila BH3-only protein and name it sayonara. Sayonara induces apoptosis in a BH3 motif-dependent manner and interacts genetically and biochemically with the BCL-2 homologous proteins, Buffy and Debcl. There is a positive feedback loop between Sayonara-mediated caspase activation and autophagy. The BH3 motif of sayonara phylogenetically appeared at the time of the ancestral gene duplication that led to the formation of Buffy and Debcl in the dipteran lineage. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of a bona fide BH3-only protein in Drosophila, thus providing a unique example of how cell death mechanisms can evolve both through time and across taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Homeodynamics, RIKEN BDR, Kobe, Japan.,Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christophe Combet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm U1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Groussin
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vincent Navratil
- PRABI, Rhône-Alpes Bioinformatics Center, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,UMS 3601, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, IFB-Core, Évry, France
| | - Sabrina Safar-Remali
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm U1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Takuya Shiota
- Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Abdel Aouacheria
- ISEM, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sa Kan Yoo
- Laboratory for Homeodynamics, RIKEN BDR, Kobe, Japan.,Physiological Genetics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Kobe, Japan
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40
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Tambunlertchai S, Geary SM, Naguib YW, Salem AK. Investigating silver nanoparticles and resiquimod as a local melanoma treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 183:1-12. [PMID: 36549400 PMCID: PMC10158852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the potential for silver nanoparticles (AgNP) to be used as an anti-melanoma agent has been supported by both in vitro and in vivo evidence. However, an undesirably high concentration of AgNP is often required to achieve an antitumor effect. Therefore a combination treatment that can maintain or improve antitumor efficacy (with lower amounts of AgNP) while also reducing off-target effects is sought. In this study, the combination of AgNP and resiquimod (RSQ: a Toll-like receptor agonist) was investigated and shown to significantly prolong the survival of melanoma-challenged mice when added sequentially. Results from toxicity studies showed that the treatment was non-toxic in mice. Immune cell depletion studies suggested the possible involvement of CD8+ T cells in the antitumor response observed in the AgNP + RSQ (sequential) treatment. NanoString was also employed to further understand the mechanism underlying the increase in the treatment efficacy of AgNP + RSQ (sequential); showing significant changes, compared to the naive group, in gene expression in pathways involved in apoptosis and immune stimulation. In conclusion, the combination of AgNP and RSQ is a new combination worthy of further investigation in the context of melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supreeda Tambunlertchai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sean M Geary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Falfushynska H, Kasianchuk N, Siemens E, Henao E, Rzymski P. A Review of Common Cyanotoxins and Their Effects on Fish. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020118. [PMID: 36850993 PMCID: PMC9961407 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and human-induced eutrophication drive the occurrence of various cyanotoxins in aquatic environments. These metabolites reveal diversified mechanisms of action, encompassing cyto-, neuro-, hepato-, nephro-, and neurotoxicity, and pose a threat to aquatic biota and human health. In the present paper, we review data on the occurrence of the most studied cyanotoxins, microcystins, nodularins, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxins, and saxitoxins, in the aquatic environment, as well as their potential bioaccumulation and toxicity in fish. Microcystins are the most studied among all known cyanotoxins, although other toxic cyanobacterial metabolites are also commonly identified in aquatic environments and can reveal high toxicity in fish. Except for primary toxicity signs, cyanotoxins adversely affect the antioxidant system and anti-/pro-oxidant balance. Cyanotoxins also negatively impact the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, fish exposed to microcystins and cylindrospermopsin exhibit various immunomodulatory, inflammatory, and endocrine responses. Even though cyanotoxins exert a complex pressure on fish, numerous aspects are yet to be the subject of in-depth investigation. Metabolites other than microcystins should be studied more thoroughly to understand the long-term effects in fish and provide a robust background for monitoring and management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Falfushynska
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Faculty of Electrical, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Anhalt University for Applied Sciences, 06366 Köthen, Germany
| | - Nadiia Kasianchuk
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61712 Poznan, Poland
| | - Eduard Siemens
- Faculty of Electrical, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Anhalt University for Applied Sciences, 06366 Köthen, Germany
| | - Eliana Henao
- Research Group Integrated Management of Ecosystems and Biodiversity XIUÂ, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61701 Poznan, Poland
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 61701 Poznań, Poland
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Lee W, Song G, Bae H. Glucotropaeolin Promotes Apoptosis by Calcium Dysregulation and Attenuates Cell Migration with FOXM1 Suppression in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020257. [PMID: 36829815 PMCID: PMC9952507 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has naturally aggressive characteristics including postoperative recurrence, resistance to conventional treatment, and metastasis. Surgical resection with chemotherapeutic agents has been conducted as the major treatment for PDAC. However, surgical treatment is ineffective in the case of advanced cancer, and conventional adjuvant chemotherapy, including gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil, show low effectiveness due to the high drug resistance of PDAC to this type of treatment. Therefore, the development of innovative therapeutic drugs is crucial to solving the present limitation of conventional drugs. Glucotropaeolin (GT) is a glucosinolate that can be isolated from the Brassicaceae family. GT has exhibited a growth-inhibitory effect against liver and colon cancer cells; however, there is no study regarding the anticancer effect of GT on PDAC. In our study, we determined the antiproliferative effect of GT in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2, representative of PDAC. We revealed the intracellular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of GT with respect to cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), calcium dysregulation, cell migration, and the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, GT regulated the signaling pathways related to anticancer in PDAC cells. Finally, the silencing of the forkhead box protein M, a key factor regulating PDAC progression, contributes to the anticancer property of GT in terms of the induction of apoptosis and cell migration. Therefore, GT may be a potential therapeutic drug against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonghee Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (H.B.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3881 (G.S.); +82-31-201-2686 (H.B.)
| | - Hyocheol Bae
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (H.B.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3881 (G.S.); +82-31-201-2686 (H.B.)
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Erdogan MA, Yuca E, Ashour A, Gurbuz N, Sencan S, Ozpolat B. SCN5A promotes the growth and lung metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer through EF2-kinase signaling. Life Sci 2023; 313:121282. [PMID: 36526045 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yuca
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nilgun Gurbuz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sevide Sencan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Nanomedicine, Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Dr. Marr and Roy Neil Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Moawad M, Nasr GM, Osman AS, Shaker ES. Curcumin nanocapsules effect in apoptotic processes, gene expression, and cell cycle on Hep-G2 cell lines. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231176396. [PMID: 37190979 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231176396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curcumin has antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, and its therapeutic effect must be considered. Nanocurcumin capsules showed a potential increase against in vitro biological cancer. This study sought to determine how curcumin nanoparticles and nanocapsules affected the expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Bax in a liver cancer cell line (Hep-G2). Mechanisms of apoptosis were also examined in this cell line. METHODS This study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 gene pathways and to evaluate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of curcumin nanoparticles (CNPs) and curcumin nanocapsules (CNCs) against liver cell lines. Flow cytometry was used to check for signs of apoptosis and the cell cycle. RESULTS Curcumin nanocapsules produced by the ball milling process at 90 min significantly boosted the populations of apoptotic cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The mRNA expression analysis revealed that the proapoptotic Bax, Caspase-3, and the tumor suppressor gene p53 were upregulated throughout the process started by curcumin nanocapsules and decreased in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. CONCLUSION This research provides a fresh understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the liver cancer-fighting abilities of curcumin nanoparticles. Curcumin nanocapsules produced through a unique mechanical technique can be used as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Moawad
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo Univ. Egypt
| | - Ghada M Nasr
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Molecular Diagnostics & therapeutics, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Afaf S Osman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad S Shaker
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Minia University, Egypt
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Wan D, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Chen X, Li F, Liu Y, Pan J. Intracellular and extracellular enzymatic responsive micelle for intelligent therapy of cancer. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:2851-2858. [PMID: 36258757 PMCID: PMC9561310 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, the incidence of cancer keeps increasing, seriously endangers human health, and has evolved into the main culprit of human death. Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin (DOX), have some disadvantages, including low therapeutic effect, poor water solubility, high toxic side effects, short blood circulation time in the body, and so on. To improve the anti-tumor effect of the drug in vivo and reduce its side effects on the body, researchers have designed and developed a variety of responsive nanocarriers. In this work, we synthesized D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 3350 succinate (TPGS3350)-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Val-Arg (GPLGVR)-DOX (TPD) prodrugs in response to extracellular enzymes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) in the tumor microenvironment and FA-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp (DEVD)-DOX (FPD) prodrugs responsive to intracellular enzymes of caspase-3. Then, intracellular and extracellular enzyme-responsive TPD&FPD micelles with DOX (TPD&FPD&D) were successfully prepared through dialysis method. The outer layer of TPGS3350 can prolong the blood circulation time of micelles in vivo, followed by accumulation of micelles at tumor tissue through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The peptide of GPLGVR can be cleaved by MMP-9 enzymes to remove the outer layer of TPGS3350, exposing the targeting molecule of folate, and then the micelles are engulfed by tumor cells through folate receptor-mediated endocytosis. After entering the tumor cells, the free DOX loaded in the micelles is released, which induces tumor cell apoptosis to activate caspase-3 in the cells, cutting the peptide DEVD to accelerate the intracellular release of the DOX, which further enhances cytotoxicity to improve antitumor effect. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material () is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4967-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Qinan Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387 China
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Ayoup MS, Mansour AF, Abdel-Hamid H, Abu-Serie MM, Mohyeldin SM, Teleb M. Nature-inspired new isoindole-based Passerini adducts as efficient tumor-selective apoptotic inducers via caspase-3/7 activation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 245:114865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Martin-Folgar R, Torres-Ruiz M, de Alba M, Cañas-Portilla AI, González MC, Morales M. Molecular effects of polystyrene nanoplastics toxicity in zebrafish embryos (Daniorerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137077. [PMID: 36334746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plastics pose a health hazard to living beings and the environment. Plastic degradation produces nano-sized plastic particles (NPs) that end up in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, including oceans, rivers, and lakes. Their presence in air, drinking water, sediments, food, and personal care products leads to a variety of exposure routes for living beings, including humans. The toxicity mechanisms of these nanomaterials (NMs) in living organisms and ecosystems are currently unknown, making it a priority to understand their effects at the molecular and cellular levels. The zebrafish (Zf) (Danio rerio) is a model organism which has a high homology with humans and has been widely used to assess the hazard of different xenobiotics. In this study, the expression changes of different genes in 120 hpf Zf embryos (Zfe) after exposure to polystyrene (PS) NPs (30 nm) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 3 ppm were investigated. The results showed that the gene encoding heat shock protein (hsp70) was down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. The genes encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD 1 and SOD 2), apoptotic genes (cas 1 and cas 8) and interleukin 1-β (il1β) were activated at the concentration of 3 ppm PS NP, while the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2α was inhibited at 0.5 and 3 ppm. In addition, the neurotransmitter-related gene Acetyl-Cholinesterase (ache) was significantly inhibited and the DNA repair genes (gadd45α and rad51) were also down-regulated. In contrast, the mitochondrial metabolism-related gene cox1 did not alter its expression in any of the treatments. Most of the changes in gene expression occurred at the highest concentration of NPs. Overall, the results indicated that NPs generated cellular stress that caused certain alterations in normal gene expression (oxidative stress, apoptotic and inflammatory processes, neurotoxicity and anti-apoptotic proteins), but did not cause any mortality after 120 hpf exposure at the three concentrations assayed. These results highlight the need for further studies investigating the effects, at the molecular level, of these materials in humans and other living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martin-Folgar
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta S/nCrta. de Las Rozas Al Escorial Km 5, 28232, Las Rozas (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Mónica Torres-Ruiz
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Mercedes de Alba
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Cañas-Portilla
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - M Carmen González
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta S/nCrta. de Las Rozas Al Escorial Km 5, 28232, Las Rozas (Madrid), Spain; Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta S/nCrta. de Las Rozas Al Escorial Km 5, 28232, Las Rozas (Madrid), Spain
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Abstract
The biggest challenge to immune control of HIV infection is the rapid within-host viral evolution, which allows selection of viral variants that escape from T cell and antibody recognition. Thus, it is impossible to clear HIV infection without targeting "immutable" components of the virus. Unlike the adaptive immune system that recognizes cognate epitopes, the CARD8 inflammasome senses the essential enzymatic activity of the HIV-1 protease, which is immutable for the virus. Hence, all subtypes of HIV clinical isolates can be recognized by CARD8. In HIV-infected cells, the viral protease is expressed as a subunit of the viral Gag-Pol polyprotein and remains functionally inactive prior to viral budding. A class of anti-HIV drugs, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), can promote Gag-pol dimerization and subsequent premature intracellular activation of the viral protease. NNRTI treatment triggers CARD8 inflammasome activation, which leads to pyroptosis of HIV-infected CD4+ T cells and macrophages. Targeting the CARD8 inflammasome can be a potent and broadly effective strategy for HIV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolin M Clark
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Priya Pal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Josh G Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Qiankun Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Liang Shan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States; Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States.
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Karlowitz R, van Wijk SJL. Surviving death: emerging concepts of RIPK3 and MLKL ubiquitination in the regulation of necroptosis. FEBS J 2023; 290:37-54. [PMID: 34710282 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Lytic forms of programmed cell death, like necroptosis, are characterised by cell rupture and the release of cellular contents, often provoking inflammatory responses. In the recent years, necroptosis has been shown to play important roles in human diseases like cancer, infections and ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Coordinated interactions between RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL lead to the formation of a dedicated death complex called the necrosome that triggers MLKL-mediated membrane rupture and necroptotic cell death. Necroptotic cell death is tightly controlled by post-translational modifications, among which especially phosphorylation has been characterised in great detail. Although selective ubiquitination is relatively well-explored in the early initiation stages of necroptosis, the mechanisms and functional consequences of RIPK3 and MLKL ubiquitination for necrosome function and necroptosis are only starting to emerge. This review provides an overview on how site-specific ubiquitination of RIPK3 and MLKL regulates, fine-tunes and reverses the execution of necroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Karlowitz
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
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Wei S, Feng M, Zhang S. Molecular Characteristics of Cell Pyroptosis and Its Inhibitors: A Review of Activation, Regulation, and Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416115. [PMID: 36555757 PMCID: PMC9783510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an active and ordered form of programmed cell death. The signaling pathways of pyroptosis are mainly divided into canonical pathways mediated by caspase-1 and noncanonical pathways mediated by caspase-11. Cell pyroptosis is characterized by the activation of inflammatory caspases (mainly caspase-1, 4, 5, 11) and cleavage of various members of the Gasdermin family to form membrane perforation components, leading to cell membrane rupture, inflammatory mediators release, and cell death. Moderate pyroptosis is an innate immune response that fights against infection and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of the normal function of the immune system. However, excessive pyroptosis occurs and leads to immune disorders in many pathological conditions. Based on canonical pathways, research on pyroptosis regulation has demonstrated several pyroptotic inhibitors, including small-molecule drugs, natural products, and formulations of traditional Chinese medicines. In this paper, we review the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, summarize inhibitors of pyroptosis, and propound that herbal medicines should be a focus on the research and development for pyroptosis blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shidong Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-931-211-5256; Fax: +86-931-211-5191
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