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Chiu FC, Kuo HM, Yu CL, Selvam P, Su IL, Tseng CC, Yuan CH, Wen ZH. Marine-derived antimicrobial peptide piscidin-1 triggers extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma through reactive oxygen species production and inhibits angiogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:28-42. [PMID: 38679300 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer of the head and neck encompasses a wide range of cancers, including oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Oral cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages and has a dismal prognosis. Piscidin-1, a marine antimicrobial peptide (AMP) containing approximately 22 amino acids, also exhibits significant anticancer properties. We investigated the possible anti-oral cancer effects of piscidin-1 and clarified the mechanisms underlying these effects. We treated the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines OC2 and SCC4 with piscidin-1. Cell viability and the expression of different hallmark apoptotic molecules, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), were tested using the appropriate MTT assay, flow cytometry and western blotting assays, and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) wound healing, migration, and tube formation (angiogenesis) assays. Piscidin-1 increases cleaved caspase 3 levels to induce apoptosis. Piscidin-1 also increases ROS levels and intensifies oxidative stress in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, it decreases the oxygen consumption rates and activity of mitochondrial complexes I-V. As expected, the antioxidants MitoTEMPOL and N-acetylcysteine reduce piscidin-1-induced ROS generation and intracellular calcium accumulation. Piscidin-1 also inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 expression in HUVECs, affecting migration and tube formation angiogenesis. We demonstrated that piscidin-1 can promote apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways and findings indicate that piscidin-1 has anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties in oral cancer treatment. Our study on piscidin-1 thus provides a basis for future translational anti-oral cancer drug research and a new theoretical approach for anti-oral cancer clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ching Chiu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833301, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ling Yu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Padhmavathi Selvam
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - I-Li Su
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Antai Medical Care Corporation, Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, 92842, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Han Yuan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
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Chen NF, Lin YY, Yao ZK, Tseng CC, Liu YW, Hung YP, Jean YH, Wen ZH. Oral Administration of Protease-Soluble Chicken Type II Collagen Ameliorates Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3589. [PMID: 37630779 PMCID: PMC10459594 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether oral supplementation with protease-soluble chicken type II collagen (PSCC-II) mitigates the progression of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in rats. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: control, sham, ACLT, group A (ACLT + pepsin-soluble collagen type II collagen (C-II) with type I collagen), group B (ACLT + Amano M-soluble C-II with type I collagen), group C (ACLT + high-dose Amano M-soluble C-II with type I collagen), and group D (ACLT + unproteolyzed C-II). Various methods were employed to analyze the knee joint: nociceptive tests, microcomputed tomography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Rats treated with any form of C-II had significant reductions in pain sensitivity and cartilage degradation. Groups that received PSCC-II treatment effectively mitigated the ACLT-induced effects of OA concerning cancellous bone volume, trabecular number, and trabecular separation compared with the ACLT alone group. Furthermore, PSCC-II and unproteolyzed C-II suppressed ACLT-induced effects, such as the downregulation of C-II and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-13, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β. These results indicate that PSCC-II treatment retains the protective effects of traditional undenatured C-II and provide superior benefits for OA management. These benefits encompass pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects, and the protection of cartilage and cancellous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-You Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Zhi-Kang Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan;
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ping Hung
- R&D Department, Taiyen Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 70263, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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Mappa TA, Liu CM, Tseng CC, Ruslin M, Cheng JH, Lan WC, Huang BH, Cho YC, Hsieh CC, Kuo HH, Tsou CH, Shen YK. An Innovative Biofunctional Composite Hydrogel with Enhanced Printability, Rheological Properties, and Structural Integrity for Cell Scaffold Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3223. [PMID: 37571117 PMCID: PMC10421221 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to manipulate various biomaterials to find potential hydrogel formulations through three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting fabrication for tissue repair, reconstruction, or regeneration. The hydrogels were prepared using sodium alginate and gelatin combined with different concentrations of Pluronic F127 (6% (3 g), 8% (4 g), and 10% (5 g)) and were marked as AGF-6%, AGF-8%, and AGF-10%, respectively. The properties of the hydrogels were investigated using a contact angle goniometer, rheometer, and 3D bioprinter. In addition, the osteoblast-like cell line (MG-63) was used to evaluate the cell viability including hydrogels before and after 3D bioprinting. It was found that the ratio of contact angle was lowest at AGF-6%, and the rheological results were higher for all samples of AGF-6%, AGF-8%, and AGF-10% compared with the control sample. The printability indicated that the AGF-6% hydrogel possessed great potential in creating a cell scaffold with shape integrity. Moreover, the live/dead assay also presented the highest numbers of live cells before printing compared with after printing. However, the number of live cells on day 7 was higher than on day 1 before and after printing (** p < 0.01). Therefore, the combination of AGF-6% could be developed as a biofunctional hydrogel formulation for potential tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufik Abdullah Mappa
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.A.M.)
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Chung-Ming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Muhammad Ruslin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Jui-Hung Cheng
- Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chien Lan
- Department of Oral Hygiene Care, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 203, Taiwan;
| | - Bai-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Dental Science, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chieh Cho
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.A.M.)
| | - Chia-Chien Hsieh
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hsin-Hui Kuo
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Han Tsou
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Shen
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
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Yao ZK, Jean YH, Lin SC, Lai YC, Chen NF, Tseng CC, Chen WF, Wen ZH, Kuo HM. Manoalide Induces Intrinsic Apoptosis by Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1422. [PMID: 37507960 PMCID: PMC10376204 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor that produces immature osteoid. Metastatic OS has a poor prognosis with a death rate of >70%. Manoalide is a natural sesterterpenoid isolated from marine sponges. It is a phospholipase A2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and effect of manoalide on OS cells. Our experiments showed that manoalide induced cytotoxicity in 143B and MG63 cells (human osteosarcoma). Treatment with manoalide at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 µM for 24 and 48 h reduced MG63 cell viability to 45.13-4.40% (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, manoalide caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and disrupted antioxidant proteins, activating the apoptotic proteins caspase-9/-3 and PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase). Excessive levels of ROS in the mitochondria affected oxidative phosphorylation, ATP generation, and membrane potential (ΔΨm). Additionally, manoalide down-regulated mitochondrial fusion protein and up-regulated mitochondrial fission protein, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation and impaired function. On the contrary, a pre-treatment with n-acetyl-l-cysteine ameliorated manoalide-induced apoptosis, ROS, and antioxidant proteins in OS cells. Overall, our findings show that manoalide induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, causing the cell death of OS cells, showing potential as an innovative alternative treatment in human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kang Yao
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chun Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan
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Tseng CC, Hung CC, Shu CW, Lee CH, Chen CF, Kuo MS, Kao YY, Chen CL, Ger LP, Liu PF. The Clinical and Biological Effects of Receptor Expression-Enhancing Protein 6 in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051270. [PMID: 37238941 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There are currently no effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), which causes a poor 5-year overall survival rate. Thus, it is crucial to identify more effective diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TSCC patients. The receptor expression-enhancing protein 6 (REEP6), a transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, controls the expression or transport of a subset of proteins or receptors. Although it was reported that REEP6 plays a role in lung and colon cancers, its clinical impact and biological role in TSCC are still unknown. The present study aimed to identify a novel effective biomarker and therapeutic target for TSCC patients. Expression levels of REEP6 in specimens from TSCC patients were determined with immunohistochemistry. Gene knockdown was used to evaluate the effects of REEP6 in cancer malignancy (colony/tumorsphere formation, cell cycle regulation, migration, drug resistance and cancer stemness) of TSCC cells. The clinical impact of REEP6 expression and gene co-expression on prognosis were analyzed in oral cancer patients including TSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Tumor tissues had higher levels of REEP6 compared to normal tissues in TSCC patients. Higher REEP6 expression was related to shorter disease-free survival (DFS) in oral cancer patients with poorly differentiated tumor cells. REEP6-knocked-down TSCC cells showed diminished colony/tumorsphere formation, and they also caused G1 arrest and decreased migration, drug resistance and cancer stemness. A high co-expression of REEP6/epithelial-mesenchymal transition or cancer stemness markers also resulted in poor DFS in oral cancer patients. Thus, REEP6 is involved in the malignancy of TSCC and might serve as a potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Hung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Feng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Shu Kuo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University, Tainan 71710, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Kao
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University, Tainan 71710, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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Chang CC, Tseng CC, Han TW, Barus BS, Chuech JY, Cheng SY. Effects of Lead and Zinc Exposure on Uptake and Exudation Levels, Chlorophyll-a, and Phycobiliproteins in Sarcodia suiae. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2821. [PMID: 36833518 PMCID: PMC9957063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the changes in the biosorption, bioaccumulation, chlorophyll-a (chl-a), phycobiliproteins, and exudation in the red seaweed Sarcodia suiae exposed to lead and zinc. The seaweed was exposed to ambient lead and zinc environments for 5 days before being transferred to fresh seawater, and the changes in biodesorption, biodecumulation, chl-a, and phycobiliprotein levels in S. suiae were investigated. Lead and zinc biosorption and bioaccumulation in the seaweed increased with the increase in the lead and zinc concentrations and exposure times. Meanwhile, the biosorption and bioaccumulation of zinc in the seaweed following exposure to zinc were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the biosorption and bioaccumulation of lead in the seaweed following exposure to lead with the same concentration at each exposure time. The chl-a, phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC), and allophycocyanin (APC) contents in the seaweed significantly decreased with the increase in the lead and zinc concentrations and exposure times. The chl-a, PE, PC, and APC contents in S. suiae, which was exposed to 5 Pb2+ mg/L for 5 days, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the seaweed exposed to zinc at the same concentration and for the same exposure times. In the lead and zinc exudation tests, the highest biodesorption and biodecumulation were observed on the 1st day of exudation after the seaweed was transferred to fresh seawater. The residual percentages of the lead and zinc in the seaweed cells were 15.86% and 73.08% after 5 days of exudation, respectively. The biodesorption rate and biodecumulation rate of the seaweed exposed to lead were higher than those of the seaweed exposed to zinc. However, the effect of lead on chl-a and phycobiliproteins was greater than that of zinc. This might be the result of lead not being a necessary metal for these algae, whereas zinc is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ching Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 81342, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 81342, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City 80424, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wei Han
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Beta Susanto Barus
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia
| | - Jhih-Yang Chuech
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Sha-Yen Cheng
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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Kuo TJ, Jean YH, Shih PC, Cheng SY, Kuo HM, Lee YT, Lai YC, Tseng CC, Chen WF, Wen ZH. Stellettin B-Induced Oral Cancer Cell Death via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mitochondrial Apoptotic and Autophagic Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158813. [PMID: 35955957 PMCID: PMC9368952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) affects tens of thousands of people worldwide. Despite advances in cancer treatment, the 5-year survival rate of patients with late-stage OSCC is low at 50–60%. Therefore, the development of anti-OSCC therapy is necessary. We evaluated the effects of marine-derived triterpene stellettin B in human OC2 and SCC4 cells. Stellettin B dose-dependently decreased the viability of both cell lines, with a significant reduction in OC2 cells at ≥0.1 µM at 24 and 48 h, and in SCC4 cells at ≥1 µM at 24 and 48 h. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were significantly observed at 20 µM of stellettin B at 48 h, with the overexpression of cleaved caspase3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover, mitochondrial respiratory functions were ablated by stellettin B. Autophagy-related LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and Beclin-1 proteins were increased, whereas p62 was decreased. At 20 µM at 48 h, the expression levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress biomarkers calnexin and BiP/GRP78 were significantly increased and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were activated. Further investigation using the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) demonstrated that it alleviated stellettin B-induced cell death and autophagy. Overall, our findings show that stellettin B induces the ER stress, mitochondrial stress, apoptosis, and autophagy, causing cell death of OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Jen Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Section of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Antai Medical Care Corporation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung 92842, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chang Shih
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Cheng
- Department of Environmental Protection, Green Technology Research Institute, CPC Corporation, No. 2, Zuonan Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung 81126, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-F.C.); (Z.-H.W.)
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-F.C.); (Z.-H.W.)
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Tseng CC, Huang SY, Tsai HP, Wu CW, Hsieh TH. HDAC6 is a prognostic biomarker that mediates IL-13 expression to regulate macrophage polarization through AP-1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10513. [PMID: 35732647 PMCID: PMC9217956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14052-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide that is characterized by abnormal lesions or malignant hyperplasia of soft and hard tissues in the oral cavity. Previous research has found that HDAC6 may be a potential therapeutic target for cancer patients and has the ability to regulate immune cells. However, the mechanism of HDAC6 in OSCC pathogenesis is unclear. We collected clinical samples and analyzed the level of HDAC6 in OSCC patients. The results showed that in the high HDAC6 expression group, HDAC6 expression was positively correlated with the grade of OSCC (R = 0.182, P = 0.036) and that this group had a 3.248-fold increase in the mortality risk compared with the low HDAC6 expression group (P = 0.003). Survival analysis also identified a correlation between the expression of HDAC6 and overall survival in OSCC patients, and it was found that the expression of HDAC6 was inversely correlated with survival (P ≤ 0.001). In addition, we found that HDAC6 induced IL-13 expression through AP-1, resulting in M2 polarization of macrophages. Together, these results demonstrate that the level of HDAC6 may be a useful prognostic biomarker and offer a novel immune cell-related therapeutic strategy of targeting IL-13 in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81342, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hung-Pei Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
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9
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Tseng CC, Tsou CH, Huang SY, Wu CW, Hsieh TH. Using Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatic Methods to Predict New Genes That May Be Regulated by CD47 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2243-2256. [PMID: 35678681 PMCID: PMC9164064 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and the incidence and death rate of OSCC in men is twice that of women. CD47 is a ubiquitous cell surface transmembrane protein, also known as integrin-related protein (IAP). Previous studies have pointed out that CD47 can inhibit the growth of OSCC, but the detailed mechanism is not clear. This study aimed to explore the effect of CD47 gene expression profiles in OSCC. The OSCC cell lines, OECM-1 and OC-2, overexpressed CD47, and the expression profiles of mRNAs were analyzed through next-generation sequencing (NGS) with a bioinformatic approach. A total of 14 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were listed. In addition, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the molecular function (MF), biological process (BP), and cellular component (CC) network signaling. The human protein atlas (HPA) database was used to analyze gene expression and the survivability of human cancer. The results found that HSPA5, HYOU1, and PDIA4 were involved in the IPA network and when highly expressed, mediated the survivability of cancer. In addition, HSPA5 was positively and significantly correlated with CD47 expression (p < 0.0001) and induced by CD47-overexpression in the OECM-1 and OC-2 OSCC cancer cell lines. These findings provide important insights into possible new diagnostic strategies, including unfolded protein for OSCC-targeting CD47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Han Tsou
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan;
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 5072)
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10
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Lee PT, Nan FH, Chiu PY, Tseng CC, Lee MC. Sarcodia suiae Water Extract Promotes the Expression of Proinflammatory and Th1-Type Cytokines and Delay the Onset of Mortality in Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) During Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 12:801501. [PMID: 35140710 PMCID: PMC8820276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.801501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) is a marine fish of high economic value that grows at a fast rate. However, intensive fish farming has led to disease outbreaks in cobia cultures, which is highly costly to the industry. The impact of infectious diseases on cobia production has led to the inappropriate and increased use of chemicals and antibiotics, which negatively affects the environment and human health and promotes the spread of drug-resistant pathogens. Hence, prophylactic measurements, such as the use of immunomodulators, are required to improve the health of cultured animals against pathogens. In this study, we examined the effects of Sarcodia suiae water extract (SSWE) in cobia in vitro and in vivo. We found that treatment with SSWE could significantly increase the expression of cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α) and chemokines (e.g., IL-8) in primary cultured head kidney leukocytes. Intraperitoneal injection of SSWE (20 μg/g body weight) promoted higher expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, chemokines (e.g., CC1), and antibodies (e.g., IgT) in head kidney and spleen tissues of the fish compared with other dose levels. Additionally, we describe for the second time (only after India) of the isolation of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Phdd) from a deadly epizootic in cage-farmed cobia. An intraperitoneal inoculation of SSWE before Phdd challenge showed that SSWE treatment could delay the onset of mortality of cobia. Finally, fish that received SSWE intraperitoneally before infection with Phdd exhibited elevated expression of Th1-type cytokines, namely, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. At the same time, the expression of Th2-related factors (such as IL-10 in the head kidney, and IgM and IgT in the spleen) were lower for the fish that received SSWE instead of PBS before the Phdd challenge. The results indicate that SSWE treatment facilitates the induction of Th1-type cytokines in cobia to fight against Phdd infection and has the potential to be used as an immunostimulant and vaccine adjuvant for fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chiu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chung-Chih Tseng, ; Meng-Chou Lee,
| | - Meng-Chou Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chung-Chih Tseng, ; Meng-Chou Lee,
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11
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Chen PC, Chen YP, Wu CC, Tseng CC, Yang CY, Hung YW, Wen ZH. A resorbable hyaluronic acid hydrogel to prevent adhesion in porcine model under laparotomy pelvic surgery. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:2280800020983233. [PMID: 33926290 DOI: 10.1177/2280800020983233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical post-operative adhesions can lead to serious clinical complications. Barrier agent is the broad usage for the prevention of post-operative adhesions. This study aimed to evaluate the reducing adhesion efficacy of non-animal hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel in pigs undergoing conventional laparotomy pelvic surgery. HA hydrogel was applied to eighteen female pigs who underwent conventional laparotomy. The adhesion degrees and histopathology were evaluated in bilateral uterine horns as well as peritoneal sidewall excision. In the present study, all animals survived and had no complications after the surgery. The histopathological observations were demonstrated that HA obviously improved laparotomy pelvic surgery-induced adhesion in peritoneal sidewall and uterine horn. The anastomotic healing score of injury + HA group was significantly lower than the injury alone group. We conclude HA hydrogel can attenuate the post-operative adhesions in porcine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Chen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
| | - Yen-Po Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
| | - Chang-Cheng Wu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chi-Yu Yang
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Laboratories, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu
| | - Yu-Wen Hung
- Division of Animal Technology, Animal Technology Laboratories, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
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12
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Tseng CC, Lin PY, Kirankumar R, Chuang ZW, Wu IH, Hsieh S. Surface degradation effects of carbonated soft drink on a resin based dental compound. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06400. [PMID: 33869827 PMCID: PMC8035514 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental compounds and restorative materials undergo surface degradation and erosion from exposure to a variety of dietary substances. In this study we investigated changes in the surface properties of Rebaron, a hard denture reline material (HDRM), following timed immersion in carbonated soft drinks to determine its durability in a common acidic environment. Samples were prepared and immersed in a carbonated soft drink (or its components) for 6, 12, or 24 h. Surface structure and mechanical properties were characterized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Raman spectroscopy was used to identify changes in the HDRM surface chemistry following exposure to the test solutions. AFM revealed that prolonged exposure led to pit formation and a subsequent increase in surface roughness, from 302.02 ± 30.20 to 430.59 ± 15.07 nm Ra, following a 24 h exposure. Young's modulus values decreased from 9.3 ± 7.0 to 0.53 ± 0.26 GPa under the same conditions, demonstrating a softening and embrittlement of the HDRM sample. Raman results revealed that immersion in the carbonated soft drink or acidic solution changed the nature of the HDRM structure, converting the HDRM surface chemistry from primarily hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Our study indicates that sustainability and durability of Rebaron HDRM are significantly reduced by prolonged exposure to carbonated (acidic) soft drink, resulting in deformation and degradation of the material surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81357, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rajendranath Kirankumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Wei Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shuchen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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13
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Tseng CC, Murni L, Han TW, Arfiati D, Shih HT, Hu SY. Molecular Characterization and Heterologous Production of the Bacteriocin Peocin, a DNA Starvation/Stationary Phase Protection Protein, from Paenibacillus ehimensis NPUST1. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132516. [PMID: 31324069 PMCID: PMC6650805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of a bacteriocin-like substance with antimicrobial activity, named peocin, by the probiotic Paenibacillus ehimensis NPUST1 was previously reported by our laboratory. The present study aimed to identify peocin and increase the peocin yield by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Peocin was identified as a DNA starvation/stationary phase protection protein, also called DNA-binding protein from starved cells (Dps), by gel overlay and LC-MS/MS analysis. For mass production of peocin, fed-batch cultivation of E. coli was performed using a pH-stat control system. Purification by simple nickel affinity chromatography and dialysis yielded 45.3 mg of purified peocin from a 20-mL fed-batch culture (49.3% recovery). The biological activity of the purified peocin was confirmed by determination of the MIC and MBC against diverse pathogens. Purified peocin exhibited antimicrobial activity against aquatic, food spoilage, clinical and antibiotic-resistant pathogens. In an in vivo challenge test, zebrafish treated with purified peocin exhibited significantly increased survival rates after A. hydrophila challenge. The present study is the first to show the antimicrobial activity of Dps and provides an efficient strategy for production of bioactive peocin, which will aid the development of peocin as a novel antimicrobial agent with potential applications in diverse industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81357, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Lini Murni
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Tai-Wei Han
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Diana Arfiati
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Hui-Tsu Shih
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81357, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
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14
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Chang CW, Chen YN, Li CT, Chung CR, Tseng CC, Chang CH, Peng YT. Biomechanical investigation of tibial tubercle osteotomy fixed with various screw configurations. Injury 2019; 50:263-271. [PMID: 30554895 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, the effects of various screw configurations on the stability of tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) are not completely understood. Hence, the first aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of TTO under various screw configurations. The second aim is to evaluate the internal stresses in the bone and the contact forces on the bone fragment that are developed by the tibia and screws in response to the applied load after the equilibrant is revealed. METHODS To calculate the biomechanical responses of the bone and screw under loading, finite element (FE) method was used in this study. Six types of screw configurations were studied in the simulation: two parallel horizontal screws placed at a 20 mm interval, two parallel horizontal screws placed at a 30 mm interval, two parallel upward screws, two parallel downward screws, two trapezoid screws, and two divergent screws. The displacement of the bone fragment, contact forces on the fragment, and the internal stress in the bone were used as indices for comparison. RESULTS Among all configurations, the configuration of two parallel downward screws yielded the highest stability with the lowest fragment displacement and gap opening. Although the maximum displacement of the TTO with the configuration of two parallel horizontal screws was slightly higher than that of the downward configuration, the difference was only 0.2 mm. The configuration of two upward screws resulted in the highest fragment displacement and gap deformation between the fragment and tibia. The stress of the osteotomized bone fragment was highest with the configuration of two upward screws. CONCLUSION Based on the present model, the current configuration of two parallel horizontal screws is recommended for TTO. If this is inappropriate in a specific clinical scenario, then the downward screw configuration may be used as an alternative. By contrast, the configuration of two parallel upward screws is least suggested for the fixation of TTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Chang
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics & Joint Reconstruction Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Collage of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Nien Chen
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ting Li
- Graduate Institute of Mechatronic System Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Rung Chung
- Department of Orthopedics, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Han Chang
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Te Peng
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Metal Industries Research & Development Centre, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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15
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Huang PC, Tseng CC, Peng BR, Hu CC, Lin NC, Chen NF, Chen JJ, Wen ZH, Wu YC, Sung PJ. Briaviodiols B–E, new anti-inflammatory hydroperoxyfurancembranoids from Briareum violaceum. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Wu CN, Tseng CC, Fanchiang YT, Cheng CK, Lin KY, Yeh SL, Yang SR, Wu CT, Liu T, Wu M, Hong M, Kwo J. High-quality thulium iron garnet films with tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering - correlation between magnetic properties and film strain. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11087. [PMID: 30038363 PMCID: PMC6056423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29493-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) were grown on gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) (111) substrates by off-axis sputtering. High-resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction studies and spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (Cs-corrected STEM) images showed the excellent crystallinity of the films and their sharp interface with GGG. Damping constant of TmIG thin film was determined to be 0.0133 by frequency-dependent ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements. The saturation magnetization (Ms) and the coercive field (Hc) were obtained systematically as a function of the longitudinal distance (L) between the sputtering target and the substrate. A 170% enhancement of PMA field (H⊥) was achieved by tuning the film composition to increase the tensile strain. Moreover, current-induced magnetization switching on a Pt/TmIG structure was demonstrated with an ultra-low critical current density (jc) of 2.5 × 106 A/cm2, an order of magnitude smaller than the previously reported value. We were able to tune Ms, Hc and H⊥ to obtain an ultra-low jc of switching the magnetization, showing the great potential of sputtered TmIG films for spintronics.
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Grants
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 105-2112-M-007-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2112-M-002-010 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- 106-2622-8-002-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Wu
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C C Tseng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Y T Fanchiang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - C K Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - K Y Lin
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - S L Yeh
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - S R Yang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C T Wu
- National Nano Device Laboratories, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - T Liu
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - M Wu
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - M Hong
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - J Kwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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17
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Fanchiang YT, Chen KHM, Tseng CC, Chen CC, Cheng CK, Yang SR, Wu CN, Lee SF, Hong M, Kwo J. Strongly exchange-coupled and surface-state-modulated magnetization dynamics in Bi 2Se 3/yttrium iron garnet heterostructures. Nat Commun 2018; 9:223. [PMID: 29335558 PMCID: PMC5768741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Harnessing the spin–momentum locking of topological surface states in conjunction with magnetic materials is the first step to realize novel topological insulator-based devices. Here, we report strong interfacial coupling in Bi2Se3/yttrium iron garnet (YIG) bilayers manifested as large interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) and enhancement of damping probed by ferromagnetic resonance. The interfacial IMA and damping enhancement reaches a maximum when the Bi2Se3 film approaches its two-dimensional limit, indicating that topological surface states play an important role in the magnetization dynamics of YIG. Temperature-dependent ferromagnetic resonance of Bi2Se3/YIG reveals signatures of the magnetic proximity effect of TC as high as 180 K, an emerging low-temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy competing the high-temperature IMA, and an increasing exchange effective field of YIG steadily increasing toward low temperature. Our study sheds light on the effects of topological insulators on magnetization dynamics, essential for the development of topological insulator-based spintronic devices. Understanding the effects of topological insulators on magnetization dynamics of adjacent magnetic materials is essential for novel spintronic devices. Here, Fanchiang et al. report thickness dependence of interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy and damping enhancement in Bi2Se3/yttrium iron garnet (YIG) bilayers, indicating an important role of topological surface states in the magnetization dynamics of YIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Fanchiang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - K H M Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C C Tseng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C K Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - S R Yang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C N Wu
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - S F Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - M Hong
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - J Kwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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18
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Kuo HM, Tseng CC, Chen NF, Tai MH, Hung HC, Feng CW, Cheng SY, Huang SY, Jean YH, Wen ZH. MSP-4, an Antimicrobial Peptide, Induces Apoptosis via Activation of Extrinsic Fas/FasL- and Intrinsic Mitochondria-Mediated Pathways in One Osteosarcoma Cell Line. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E8. [PMID: 29301308 PMCID: PMC5793056 DOI: 10.3390/md16010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone cancer. The relatively high density of a person's bone structure means low permeability for drugs, and so finding drugs that can be more effective is important and should not be delayed. MSPs are marine antimicrobial peptides (AMP) and natural compounds extracted from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). MSP-4 is a part of the AMPs series, with the advantage of having a molecular weight of about 2.7-kDa and anticancer effects, although the responsible anticancer mechanism is not very clear. The goal of this study is to determine the workings of the mechanism associated with apoptosis resulting from MSP-4 in osteosarcoma MG63 cells. The study showed that MSP-4 significantly induced apoptosis in MG63 cells, with Western blot indicating that MSP-4 induced this apoptosis through an intrinsic pathway and an extrinsic pathway. Thus, a pretreatment system with a particular inhibitor of Z-IETD-FMK (caspase-8 inhibitor) and Z-LEHD-FMK (caspase-9 inhibitor) significantly attenuated the cleavage of caspase-3 and prevented apoptosis. These observations indicate that low concentrations of MSP-4 can help induce the apoptosis of MG63 through a Fas/FasL- and mitochondria-mediated pathway and suggest a potentially innovative alternative to the treatment of human osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentisry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81357, Taiwan.
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Chun Hung
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Wei Feng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Yu Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shi-Ying Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Scienece, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Marine Biomedical Laboratory and Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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19
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Peng YT, Tseng CC, Du YC, Chen YN, Chang CH. A novel conversion method for radiographic guide into surgical guide. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2017; 19:447-457. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Te Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan City Taiwan
- Metal Industries Research & Development Centre; Kaohsiung City Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry; Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital; Kaohsiung City Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Du
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Chih-Han Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan City Taiwan
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20
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Chang YC, Chen NF, Hwang TL, Tseng CC, Wu TY, Peng BR, Wen ZH, Fang LS, Wu YC, Sheu JH, Sung PJ. New marine sterols from an algal-bearing gorgonian coral Pinnigorgia sp. Steroids 2016; 115:123-129. [PMID: 27553726 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Four new marine sterols, (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,22-diene-3β,11α-diol (1), (24S)-ergosta-5-ene-3β,11α-diol (2), 5α,6α-epoxy-23-demethylgorgost-8-ene-3β,7α-diol (3), and 5α,6α-epoxy-23-demethylgorgost-8(14)-ene-3β,7α-diol (4), along with a known metabolite, 23-demethylgorgost-7-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol (5), were isolated from an algal-bearing gorgonian coral Pinnigorgia sp., collected off the waters of Taiwan. The structures of these sterols were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Sterols 1-5 were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Proliferation of HSCs plays a key role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Division of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ying Wu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Peng
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Shing Fang
- Department of Sport, Health, and Leisure, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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21
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Kao CY, Lin WH, Tseng CC, Wu AB, Wang MC, Wu JJ. The complex interplay among bacterial motility and virulence factors in different Escherichia coli infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:2157-62. [PMID: 24957011 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Motility mediated by the flagella of Escherichia coli is important for the bacteria to move toward host cells. Here, we present the relationship among bacterial motility, virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility, and types of infection. A total of 231 clinical E. coli isolates from different infections were collected and analyzed. Higher-motility strains (motility diameter ≥6.6 mm) were more common in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (SBP 59 %, colonization 32 %, urinary tract infection 16 %, urosepsis 34 %, and biliary tract infection 29 %; p < 0.0001). Compared with the higher-motility group, there was a higher prevalence of afa and ompT genes (p = 0.0160 and p = 0.0497, respectively) in E. coli strains with lower motility. E. coli isolates with higher and lower motility were in different phylogenetic groups (p = 0.018), with a lower prevalence of A and B1 subgroups in higher-motility strains. Also, the patterns of virulence factors and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates derived from various infections were significantly different. This study demonstrates that the prevalence of higher-motility strains was greater in E. coli isolates from SBP compared to other types of infection. Various types of E. coli infection were associated with differences in bacterial motility, virulence factors, and antibiotic susceptibility. More bacterial virulence factors may be necessary for the development of extraintestinal infections caused by E. coli isolates with lower motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Kao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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22
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23
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Lin WH, Kao CY, Yang DC, Tseng CC, Wu AB, Teng CH, Wang MC, Wu JJ. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae from community-acquired recurrent urinary tract infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1533-9. [PMID: 24756209 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the pathogenesis of recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) and whether it is attributable to reinfection with a new strain or relapse with the primary infecting strain is of considerable importance. Because previous studies regarding community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae RUTI are inconclusive, we undertook this study to evaluate the characteristics of the host and the bacterial agent K. pneumoniae in RUTI. A prospective study was designed, using consecutive patients diagnosed with community-acquired K. pneumoniae-related UTI from January 2007 to December 2009. Of the total 468 consecutive episodes, we found 7 patients with RUTI. All the patients with RUTI were elderly (median, 74 years), with diabetes (100 %, 7 out of 7). Clinical K. pneumoniae isolates derived from the same patients with RUTI revealed identical genomic fingerprints, indicating that K. pneumoniae UTI relapsed despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. The antimicrobial resistance, growth curve and biofilm formation of the recurrent isolates did not change. K. pneumoniae strains causing RUTI had more adhesion and invasiveness than the colonization strains (p < 0.01). When we compared the recurrent strains with the community-acquired UTI strains, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was significant (100 % vs 53.7 %, p = 0.03) in the RUTI group. Our data suggest that K. pneumoniae strains might be able to persist within the urinary tract despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, and the greater adhesion and invasiveness in the recurrent strains may play an important role in recurrent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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24
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Liu DG, Chao CH, Chang CH, Juang JM, Liu CY, Chang SH, Chang CF, Chou CK, Tseng CC, Chiang CH, Jean YC, Tang MT, Chung SC, Chang SL. Microbeam MAD Beamline for Challenging Protein Crystallography in TPS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/425/1/012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Chien YH, Peng SF, Yang CC, Lee NC, Tsai LK, Huang AC, Su SC, Tseng CC, Hwu WL. Long-term efficacy of miglustat in paediatric patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:129-37. [PMID: 22476655 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare inherited neurovisceral disease characterized by progressive neurological manifestations. Oral miglustat was first approved for the treatment of children and adults with NP-C in Europe in 2009. There are still relatively few published data on the long-term efficacy and safety of miglustat in patients with NP-C in clinical practice. We report the effects of up to 6 years of treatment with miglustat 100 mg t.i.d. in five children. Overall, 3/5 patients displayed progressive dysphagia before starting miglustat, and 4/5 showed marked cognitive and/or motor impairment. The mean age at treatment start was 11.6 years, and the median (range) duration of therapy so far is 4 (4.1 to 6.1) years. No treatment dose alterations were required, but therapy was interrupted for 1-3 months at least once in all patients due to supply issues. Swallowing function was stabilised during miglustat therapy, with no significant increase in Han dysphagia scale or aspiration-penetration index scores among four evaluable patients (p > 0.05). Scores on the mini-mental state examination indicated an improvement in cognitive function during the first 3-6 months of miglustat therapy, followed by stabilisation up to 5 years. Ambulatory function remained stable for at least the first 2 years of treatment in most patients, but there was a trend towards deterioration thereafter, possibly related to treatment interruptions. The safety/tolerability profile of miglustat was similar to previous clinical studies, although reports of gastrointestinal disturbances were rare. Overall, miglustat appeared to stabilise key parameters of neurological disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Wang MC, Lin WH, Tseng CC, Wu AB, Teng CH, Yan JJ, Wu JJ. Role of K1 capsule antigen in cirrhotic patients with Escherichia coli spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in southern Taiwan. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 32:407-12. [PMID: 23052990 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of the most serious complications in patients with cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SBP caused by Escherichia coli isolates with or without the K1 capsule antigen in cirrhotic patients and the outcome. From January 2004 to January 2012, a total of 54 and 41 E. coli strains derived from patients with SBP and intestinal perforation (IP), respectively, were included for comparison in this study. Bacterial characteristics including phylogenetic groups, K1 capsule antigen, and 14 virulence factor genetic determinants, as well as data regarding patient characteristics, clinical manifestations, and in-hospital deaths, were collected and analyzed. The prevalence of the K1 capsule antigen gene neuA was more common in SBP isolates compared to IP isolates (28 % vs. 10 %, p = 0.0385). Phylogenetic groups B2 and group D were dominant in E. coli isolates with and without the K1 capsule antigen, respectively. The prevalence of virulence factors genes papG II, ompT, and usp was higher in E. coli K1 strains. There were 26 deaths (48 %) during hospitalization. Presence of the K1 capsule antigen in E. coli isolates was significantly associated with in-hospital death in cirrhotic patients with SBP (42 % vs. 14 %, p = 0.0331). This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of the K1 capsule antigen in E. coli SBP compared to E. coli peritonitis caused by IP. There were significant associations between the K1 capsule antigen and in-hospital mortality and bacterial virulence in cirrhotic patients with E. coli SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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27
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Tsai YS, Tseng CC, Su HP, Che PC. A rare case of epidural catheter luminal obstruction. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:394. [PMID: 20373533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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28
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Lee J, Tseng CC, Huang WH, Che PC, Tsai YS, Shih HC, Yi C. Wire-reinforced endotracheal tube penetrated by the Harmonic Scalpel. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:400-401. [PMID: 20369786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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29
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Yang YL, Lu HI, Huang HW, Tseng CC. Mediastinal tumor resection under the guidance of transoesophageal echocardiography. Anaesth Intensive Care 2007; 35:312. [PMID: 17444337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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30
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Tseng CC, Huang JJ, Wang MC, Wu AB, Ko WC, Chen WC, Wu JJ. PapG II adhesin in the establishment and persistence of Escherichia coli infection in mouse kidneys. Kidney Int 2007; 71:764-70. [PMID: 17290293 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most human pyelonephritogenic Escherichia coli express the PapG II adhesin. However, the role of the PapG II adhesin in enhancing the establishment and persistence of E. coli infection in the kidney is controversial. A pyelonephritogenic strain, EC114, which possesses one copy of the papG II gene, but without other virulence factors (such as S/F1C-fimbriae, hemolysin, and cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1) was selected for the construction of a papG II mutant. The resulting papG II mutant was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, Southern hybridization, and agglutination assay, and designated as MEC114. We compared MEC114 with the parental strain (EC114) for colonization ability in the bladder and kidney of female BALB/c mice, which were challenged transurethrally with 50 microl of a low (5x10(4) CFU (colony-forming unit)) or high (5x10(8) CFU) dose of EC114 or MEC114 and assessed 1, 3, and 7 days after inoculation. Geometric means of quantitative bacterial counts in the kidney were significantly decreased when challenged with MEC114 on day 3 after inoculation, at both low and high dose (P<0.05), as compared with EC114. On the seventh day, both strains were mainly cleared from the kidney. Renal biopsy showed a similar degree of inflammatory response to both strains 1, 3, and 7 days after inoculation. In brief, the PapG II adhesin can enhance the early establishment of E. coli infection in the kidney, but the bacteria do not maintain infection owing to the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tseng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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31
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Chen CPV, Lin SP, Tsai JD, Huang JK, Yen JL, Tseng CC, Wang W. Perinatal imaging findings of Galloway-Mowat syndrome. Genet Couns 2007; 18:353-355. [PMID: 18019379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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32
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You HS, Tseng CC, Peng MJ, Chang SH, Chen YC, Peng SH. A novel application of an anaerobic membrane process in wastewater treatment. Water Sci Technol 2005; 51:45-50. [PMID: 16003960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The applications of membrane processes in anaerobic biological wastewater treatment still have some limitations due to severe membrane scaling and fouling, although they have been proven to achieve superior COD removal and biomass retention. An innovative anaerobic membrane process for wastewater treatment was conducted to control the membrane scaling problems. The process comprises an anaerobic reactor, an aerobic reactor, and a membrane separation tank. Anaerobic sludge from a full-scale UASB reactor treating food wastewater was inoculated to anaerobic and aerobic reactor to purify synthetic wastewater consisting of glucose and sodium acetate. The anaerobic reactor was operated in a sludge bed type without three-phase separator. The aerobic reactor can eliminate residual organics from the anaerobic reactor effluent using facultative microorganisms. To provide solid-liquid separation, hollow fiber ultrafiltration module was submerged in the separation tank. The results clearly show that the anaerobic membrane process combined methanogenic and aerobic COD reduction is a stable system. No fatal scaling was found after two months of operation even without chemical cleaning for the membrane. It was also found that inorganic precipitates formed in the aerobic reactor were reduced due to CO2 stripping in aerobic reactor. Another important finding was that the inorganic precipitates were entrapped into facultative aerobes floc. The ash/SS ratio of aerobes floc increased from 0.17 to 0.55 after 50 days of operation, which confirms this phenomenon. Based on our investigation, the new process can control scaling effectively to extend the membrane application in anaerobic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S You
- Center for Environmental, Safety and Health Technology Development, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu City 300, Chinese Taiwan.
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Chen H, Tseng CC, Hubbard BK, Walsh CT. Glycopeptide antibiotic biosynthesis: enzymatic assembly of the dedicated amino acid monomer (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:14901-6. [PMID: 11752437 PMCID: PMC64956 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.221582098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four proteins, DpgA-D, required for the biosynthesis by actinomycetes of the nonproteinogenic amino acid monomer (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (Dpg), that is a crosslinking site in the maturation of vancomycin and teicoplanin antibiotic scaffolds, were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified in soluble form, and assayed for enzymatic activity. DpgA is a type III polyketide synthase, converting four molecules of malonyl-CoA to 3,5-dihydroxyphenylacetyl-CoA (DPA-CoA) and three free coenzyme A (CoASH) products. Almost no turnover was observed for DpgA until DpgB was added, producing a net k(cat) of 1-2 min(-1) at a 3:1 ratio of DpgB:DpgA. Addition of DpgD gave a further 2-fold rate increase. DpgC had the unusual catalytic capacity to convert DPA-CoA to 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglyoxylate, which is a transamination away from Dpg. DpgC performed a net CH(2) to C=O four-electron oxidation on the Calpha of DPA-CoA and hydrolyzed the thioester linkage with a k(cat) of 10 min(-1). Phenylacetyl-CoA was also processed, to phenylglyoxylate, but with about 500-fold lower k(cat)/K(M). DpgC showed no activity in anaerobic incubations, suggesting an oxygenase function, but had no detectable bound organic cofactors or metals. A weak enoyl-CoA hydratase activity was detected for both DpgB and DpgD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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34
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Tseng CC, Huang JJ, Ko WC, Yan JJ, Wu JJ. Decreased predominance of papG class II allele in Escherichia coli strains isolated from adults with acute pyelonephritis and urinary tract abnormalities. J Urol 2001; 166:1643-6. [PMID: 11586193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared the genotypes of fimbriae or adhesions of Escherichia coli causing acute pyelonephritis in adults with and without urinary tract abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied a total of 92 E. coli strains isolated from 54 patients with acute pyelonephritis and a normal urinary tract, and 38 with urinary tract abnormalities. Of those with urinary tract abnormalities 13 with moderate to severe hydronephrosis were also considered a separate group for the purpose of analysis. The genes of 7 known fimbriae or adhesins of E. coli were detected by the polymerase chain reaction, including the papG class I to III alleles (PapG adhesins of P-fimbriae), sfa/foc (S-/F1C-fimbriae), fimH (type 1 fimbriae), and afa (afimbrial adhesin). Virulence genes associated with APN were identified by comparing the prevalence of each of these 7 genes in E. coli strains from 54 patients with acute pyelonephritis with a normal urinary tract to the prevalence in the strains from 37 patients with acute cystitis using univariate and multivariate analysis. Differences in the prevalence of the genes associated with acute pyelonephritis and the incidence of underlying illness were then compared in the 3 acute pyelonephritis groups. RESULTS On univariate and multivariate analysis the papG class II allele was the only virulence gene associated with acute pyelonephritis (p <0.0001 and 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was noted in the prevalence of underlying medical disease in the 3 acute pyelonephritis groups. The papG class II allele was significantly less predominant in E. coli strains isolated from acute pyelonephritis cases with versus without urinary tract abnormalities (76% versus 93%, p = 0.03). The incidence of the papG class II allele in patients with urinary tract abnormalities and moderate to severe hydronephrosis was less than in those without urinary tract abnormalities (69% versus 93%, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our results imply that the papG class II allele has an important role in E. coli infection in patients with acute pyelonephritis and a normal urinary tract, while urinary tract abnormalities and/or obstruction may permit ascending infection of E. coli strains with lower adhesive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tseng
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Pathology and Medical Technology and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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35
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Lin MH, Tseng CH, Tseng CC, Huang CH, Chong CK, Tseng CP. Real-time PCR for rapid genotyping of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism. Clin Biochem 2001; 34:661-6. [PMID: 11849627 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a real-time PCR technique for detection of the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. DESIGN AND METHODS Three primers were designed for performing real-time PCR in the presence of SYBR Green I as flurochrome followed by melting curve analysis. Forty human genomic DNA that have been genotyped by two-rounds of conventional PCR were used for evaluation of this technique. RESULTS Melting curve analysis indicated the melting peak at 73.9 degrees C and 76.2 degrees C corresponding to the presence of I and D alleles, respectively. Comparable genotyping results were obtained by both conventional and real-time PCR. Besides, the mistyping of ID allele individuals by the first run of conventional PCR were accurately genotyped by single-tube real time PCR. CONCLUSIONS The real-time PCR method presented in this study provides a rapid and sensitive way for genotyping of ACE gene that may be suitable for large-scale clinical and epidemiologic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Lin
- School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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36
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Tseng CP, Huang CH, Tseng CC, Lin MH, Hsieh JT, Tseng CH. Induction of disabled-2 gene during megakaryocyte differentiation of k562 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:129-35. [PMID: 11437382 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocyte differentiation is often accompanied by the changes of gene expression pattern. Here we reported that the expression of DAB2, a putative adaptor protein in cell signaling, was induced at the protein and mRNA levels upon 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-mediated megakaryocyte differentiation of human chronic myeloid leukemic K562 cells. On the other hand, the differentiation agents DMSO and retinoic acid had no effect on DAB2 expression. Analysis of promoter activity with the human DAB2 luciferase reporter constructs suggested that the regulation is partially at the transcriptional level. The responsive sequences located within an 80-bp DAB2 promoter region. To determine the involvement of MEK1-p42/p44 MAPK pathway in mediating DAB2 gene expression, we have performed the following experiments and found that (i) there was sustained activation of p42/p44 MAPK, but not p38 MAPK, upon K562 cells differentiation; (ii) application of MEK1 inhibitor U0126 reduced the expression of DAB2 protein, mRNA and promoter activity, as well as cell differentiation; (iii) constitutively active MEK1 increased DAB2 promoter activity; and (iv) dominant negative ERK2 abolished constitutively active MEK1-induced DAB2 promoter activity. Taken together, our results indicate that DAB2 gene is induced upon megakaryocyte differentiation by the MEK1-p42/p44 MAPK pathway and may define a new role of DAB2 in hematopoietic cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Tseng
- School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
This paper presents a GA-based compromise programming technique for assessing the relocation strategy of urban air quality monitoring network with respect to the multi-objective and multi-pollutant design criteria. While the impact of conservative, quasi-stable, and reactive pollutants are considered in the design principles via a simulation analysis, cost, effectiveness, and efficiency characteristics are postulated in the optimization process. Therefore, technical coverage for illustrating the needs of siting air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) includes both the air quality simulation and optimization modeling analyses in a two-stage analytical framework simultaneously. It starts from determining the spatial interrelationship among those candidate sites using various types of air quality simulation models as an integrated means. And the outputs drawn from the simulation models can then be used as the required inputs in the compromise programming model in order to screen all those siting alternatives that may satisfy the planning goals subject to the essential constraints throughout the multi-objective optimization process. For the illustrating purposes, a series of technical settings for finding the optimal relocation scenarios of AQMS were examined in the case study for the city of Kaohsiung in South Taiwan where the long-term violations of official standards of ozone and particulates turn out to be critical. It not only expresses the ideas of relocation strategy but also indicates how to utilize those alternatives in the decision-making process for improving the functionality of air quality monitoring in the urban environment. Experience gained in this study clearly indicates that the more the number of pollutants and objectives considered simultaneously, the higher the number of candidate sites to be selected in the relocation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tseng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Tangpricha V, Flanagan JN, Whitlatch LW, Tseng CC, Chen TC, Holt PR, Lipkin MS, Holick MF. 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase in normal and malignant colon tissue. Lancet 2001; 357:1673-4. [PMID: 11425375 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D affects calcium metabolism and prevents proliferation of colon cells in vitro. In human beings the main circulating form of vitamin D is 25-hydroxyvitamin D; to regulate calcium homoeostasis, this form must be converted to 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D by 1alpha-hydroxylation in the kidney with 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase. Cultured transformed colon cancer cells can convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). We identified messenger RNA (mRNA) for 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase in normal colon tissue and in malignant and adjacent normal colon tissue. These findings support the notion that vitamin D might have a role in cell growth regulation and cancer protection, and might be the explanation for why the risk of dying from colorectal cancer is highest in areas with the least amount of sunlight.
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Shie JL, Tseng CC. A nucleus-localization-deficient mutant serves as a dominant-negative inhibitor of gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 283:205-8. [PMID: 11322789 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells differ from normal cells in many aspects, including loss of differentiation and uninhibited cell proliferation. Recent studies have suggested that gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor (GKLF) played an important role in the regulation of cell growth in the colon. Studies from this laboratory have shown that GKLF protein predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm but not the nucleus of colon cancer cells, suggesting that impaired nuclear translocation of GKLF might contribute to cancer formation. In this report, a region containing putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) of GKLF (PKRGRR; amino acids 385-390) was investigated. Mutation of KR to WT had no effect on the inhibitory properties of GKLF on cyclin D1 promoter activity and [(3)H]thymidine uptake in HT-29 cells, whereas mutation of RR to GL abolished GKLF function completely. Additional mutation analyses demonstrated that Arg(390) is the most critical moiety within this region that mediated GKLF function and its nucleus localization. Cotransfection of Arg(390) mutant (RR/RS) completely inhibited wild-type GKLF function, and GFP-RR/RS GKLF fusion proteins failed to translocate to the nucleus. The results from this study demonstrate that Arg(390) confers the NLS of GKLF and that the nucleus-localization-deficient mutant serves as dominant-negative inhibitor of GKLF function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Shie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang-Gung Institute of Nursing, Taiwan
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40
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Abstract
UNLABELLED In a double-blinded study, we compared conventional dose tetracaine (8 mg), small-dose tetracaine (4 mg) with added fentanyl and epinephrine, and small-dose tetracaine (4 mg) with added fentanyl subarachnoid anesthesia. Forty-five patients scheduled for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) under subarachnoid anesthesia were randomly assigned to Group 1 (8 mg hyperbaric tetracaine), Group 2 (4 mg hyperbaric tetracaine, 10 microg fen-tanyl, and 0.2 mg epinephrine), and Group 3 (4 mg hyperbaric tetracaine, 10 microg fentanyl, and 0.2 mL saline). Evaluations were performed after spinal anesthesia. Subarachnoid block was successful in all patients except one in Group 1, who required general anesthesia by mask. The median peak sensory levels 10 min after the induction of spinal anesthesia in Group 1 was T8, which was significantly higher than Group 2 and Group 3 (P < 0.05). The time of sensory and motor recovery in Group 3 was less than in Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). Hypotension was observed in four patients in Group 1 and none in Groups 2 and 3. We conclude that small-dose 4-mg hyperbaric tetracaine plus 10 microg fentanyl might provide adequate anesthesia and fewer side effects for TURP when compared with the conventional (8 mg) dose. IMPLICATIONS Small-dose hyperbaric tetracaine (4 mg with 10 microg fentanyl added) may provide adequate anesthesia and fewer side effects for transurethral resection of the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Yuan K, Hsu PC, Tseng CC, Kiang D, Wang JR. Detection rate of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans on the permanent 1st molars of primary school children in Taiwan by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28:348-52. [PMID: 11314891 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028004348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND, AIMS Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) has been implicated as the putative micro-organism for localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP). The most distinct clinical features of LJP include severe angular bony defects of the mesial sides of permanent first molars and the onset of disease during puberty. Currently, no large-scale studies have been performed which address the change in detection rates of Aa on the mesial sides of permanent 1st molars following eruption and up to puberty. METHOD In this study, subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial pockets of 2 randomly selected permanent 1st molars from 328 primary school children and 50 adult staff, and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Aa. RESULTS The results showed a 5.5% prevalence rate of Aa which increased after the eruption of 1st molars and peaked near puberty. There were no significant differences in the detection rates of Aa among different groups in terms of gender, plaque index (PII), and gingival index (GI); however, the higher detection rates of Aa were significantly associated with increased probing depths at p<0.05. CONCLUSION PCR analysis of the subgingival plaques demonstrated a prevalence of Aa which peaked near puberty, suggesting that Aa may be important for LJP in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yuan
- Dental Department of National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu MS, Chang MC, Huang SP, Tseng CC, Sheu JC, Lin YW, Shun CT, Lin MT, Lin JT. Correlation of histologic subtypes and replication error phenotype with comparative genomic hybridization in gastric cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11107179 DOI: 10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::aid-gcc1062>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize phenotypic and genotypic changes in gastric cancer (GC), DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) were assessed in 53 tumors using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics and status of TP53 and replication error (RER). The number of CNAs per tumor was 6.8 (gain 5.3, loss 1.5), and the number of changes was significantly higher in tumors with advanced stage, TP53 mutation, and without RER than in those with early stage (7.7 vs. 3.0), no TP53 mutations (12.4 vs. 4.8) or RER phenotype (8.2 vs. 2.6). Frequent abnormalities included gains on chromosomal arms 8q (43%), 6q (26%), 11q (26%), 13q (24%), 7p (23%), 17q (23%), and 20q (23%), and losses on chromosomal arms 16q (26%), 19p (23%), 5q (19%), 3p (15%), 4q(15%), and 1p (15%). Advanced GC demonstrated a higher prevalence of gains of 8q (51% vs. 10%, P < 0.05) and loss of 16q (33% vs. 0%, P < 0.05) than early GC. Gains on 8q (64% vs. 20%, P < 0.05), 17q (39% vs. 4%, P < 0.05) and losses on 3p (25% vs. 4%, P = 0.05) and 5q (32% vs. 4%, P < 0.05) were higher in intestinal GC than in diffuse GC. On the other hand, gains on 13q were more common in the diffuse type (40% vs. 11%, P < 0.05). As compared with noncardia cancer, cardia cancer showed more gains on 7p (58% vs. 12%, P < 0.05) and 20q (58% vs. 12%, P < 0.05) and more losses on 4q (50% vs. 5%, P < 0.05). The finding of histology-related aberrations and the combination of CGH and molecular data thus provide additional evidence suggesting genetic heterogeneity of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yuan K, Chang CJ, Hsu PC, Sun HS, Tseng CC, Wang JR. Detection of putative periodontal pathogens in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-diabetes mellitus by polymerase chain reaction. J Periodontal Res 2001; 36:18-24. [PMID: 11246700 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.90613.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been assumed that there is a relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus, however the putative periodontal microorganisms in non-diabetes mellitus (non-DM) individuals and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients have not been well studied. In this study, the detection rates of 5 putative periodontal pathogens: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Eikenella corrodens, Treponema denticola, and Candida albicans by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) between NIDDM and non-DM adults were compared. A total of 246 adults were randomly recruited and periodontal parameters including: plaque index (P1I), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and attachment level (AL) were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples were collected by sterile curettes from the most diseased and healthy sites based on PD and AL. The differences in periodontal parameters and microbiological data in healthy and diseased sites between non-DM and NIDDM patients were compared by chi-square analysis. The results showed no significant differences in age, gender, GI, P1I, PD, and prevalence of the 5 microorganisms between the NIDDM and the non-diabetic groups. However, except for A. actinomycetemcomitans, the prevalence of the periodontal microorganisms tested was significantly higher (p <0.001) in diseased sites than in the healthy sites in both groups. The P1I, GI, PD and AL were significantly higher in T. denticola positive sites than in negative sites. The results suggested that P. gingivalis, T. denticola, E. corrodens and C. albicans may play important roles in the periodontitis of both NIDDM and non-DM individuals, however the etiology of periodontitis in both groups may not be different from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yuan
- Department of Dentistry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Suo Z, Tseng CC, Walsh CT. Purification, priming, and catalytic acylation of carrier protein domains in the polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptidyl synthetase modules of the HMWP1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:99-104. [PMID: 11134531 PMCID: PMC14551 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 207-kDa polyketide synthase (PKS) module (residues 1-1895) and the 143-kDa nonribosomal peptidyl synthetase (NRPS) module (1896-3163) of the 350-kDa HMWP1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase have been expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli in soluble forms to characterize the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of the PKS module and the homologous peptidyl carrier protein (PCP(3)) domain of the NRPS module. The apo-ACP and PCP domains could be selectively posttranslationally primed by the E. coli ACPS and EntD phosphopantetheinyl transferases (PPTases), respectively, whereas the Bacillus subtilis PPTase Sfp primed both carrier protein domains in vitro or during in vivo coexpression. The holo-NRPS module but not the holo-PKS module was then selectively aminoacylated with cysteine by the adenylation domain embedded in the HMWP2 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase, acting in trans. When the acyltransferase (AT) domain of HMWP1 was analyzed for its ability to malonylate the holo carrier protein domains, in cis acylation was first detected. Then, in trans malonylation of the excised holo-ACP or holo-PCP(3)-TE fragments by HMWP1 showed both were malonylated with a 3:1 catalytic efficiency ratio, showing a promiscuity to the AT domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Suo
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wu MS, Chang MC, Huang SP, Tseng CC, Sheu JC, Lin YW, Shun CT, Lin MT, Lin JT. Correlation of histologic subtypes and replication error phenotype with comparative genomic hybridization in gastric cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 30:80-6. [PMID: 11107179 DOI: 10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::aid-gcc1062>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize phenotypic and genotypic changes in gastric cancer (GC), DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) were assessed in 53 tumors using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics and status of TP53 and replication error (RER). The number of CNAs per tumor was 6.8 (gain 5.3, loss 1.5), and the number of changes was significantly higher in tumors with advanced stage, TP53 mutation, and without RER than in those with early stage (7.7 vs. 3.0), no TP53 mutations (12.4 vs. 4.8) or RER phenotype (8.2 vs. 2.6). Frequent abnormalities included gains on chromosomal arms 8q (43%), 6q (26%), 11q (26%), 13q (24%), 7p (23%), 17q (23%), and 20q (23%), and losses on chromosomal arms 16q (26%), 19p (23%), 5q (19%), 3p (15%), 4q(15%), and 1p (15%). Advanced GC demonstrated a higher prevalence of gains of 8q (51% vs. 10%, P < 0.05) and loss of 16q (33% vs. 0%, P < 0.05) than early GC. Gains on 8q (64% vs. 20%, P < 0.05), 17q (39% vs. 4%, P < 0.05) and losses on 3p (25% vs. 4%, P = 0.05) and 5q (32% vs. 4%, P < 0.05) were higher in intestinal GC than in diffuse GC. On the other hand, gains on 13q were more common in the diffuse type (40% vs. 11%, P < 0.05). As compared with noncardia cancer, cardia cancer showed more gains on 7p (58% vs. 12%, P < 0.05) and 20q (58% vs. 12%, P < 0.05) and more losses on 4q (50% vs. 5%, P < 0.05). The finding of histology-related aberrations and the combination of CGH and molecular data thus provide additional evidence suggesting genetic heterogeneity of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang JJ, Hsu SC, Chen FF, Sung JM, Tseng CC, Wang MC. Adult-onset minimal change disease among Taiwanese: clinical features, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Am J Nephrol 2001; 21:28-34. [PMID: 11275629 DOI: 10.1159/000046215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There are some racial differences in the prevalence and prognosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; however, reports about minimal change disease (MCD) in Chinese were rare. We retrospectively analyzed 123 Chinese adults with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, who received percutaneous renal biopsy in our institution within the last 10 years. In total, 46 patients (37.4%) were compatible with the pathological diagnosis of MCD. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age of onset was 30.9 years, and 80% of the patients with MCD were less than 40 years. The mean daily proteinuria was 10.2 g, and serum albumin was 1.8 mg/dl. Azotemia occurred in 16 (35%) of 46 cases; hypertension, 13%; and microscopic hematuria, 13%. High selectivity index for proteinuria (SI <0.1) was noted in 12 (39%) of 31 cases; and high IgE level was found in 83.7% of the study subjects, although only one case had allergic history. Complete remission in 36 MCD patients treated with corticosteroid was achieved by 42% (15/36), 80% (29/36), and 94% (34/36) within 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. The time interval to remission was similar between the younger group (<40 years old, 1.7 months) and older group (>40 years old, 1.6 months). Nineteen (56%) of 34 cases with steroid response did not relapse, and the other cases (44%) had a mean relapse rate of 1.5 times per patient within a period of 45 months. The age of onset in MCD cases was not significantly correlated with steroid-responsive rate, and the time interval to remission. However, a tendency existed between the onset in the young age and the sequentially relapsing rate (p = 0.06). Two cases with primary steroid resistance and 5 cases with frequent relapse or steroid dependence responded well to intravenous pulse therapy of cyclophosphamide, except one refractory case. No thrombotic episode was ever noted in our group. Regarding infectious complications, primary peritonitis occurred in one, pneumonia in one, and cellulitis in 6 cases during active nephrotic stage. Two mortality cases, one with E. coli-related necrotizing fasciitis and one from pneumonia, were noted. In brief, compared with children, adult patients with MCD had lesser high selectivity index for proteinuria, the same steroid-responsive rate (94%), but slower response, and significantly lesser relapsing rate. The intravenous pulse therapy of cyclophosphamide may be an alternative regimen for adult patients with steroid resistance or dependency. In addition, the Asian adult-onset MCD had younger age, male predominance, and lesser relapsing rate in comparison to those of the Western population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Wang MC, Tseng CC, Tsai WC, Huang JJ. Blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on different peritoneal dialysis regimens. Perit Dial Int 2001; 21:36-42. [PMID: 11280494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between the results of ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI), then to find the independent determinant for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Finally, to evaluate the differences in the clinical and cardiovascular characteristics between patients on continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and continuous cyclic PD (CCPD). DESIGN An open, nonrandomized, cross-sectional study. SETTING Divisions of nephrology and cardiology in a medical center. PATIENTS Thirty-two uremic patients on maintenance PD therapy (22 patients on CAPD, and 10 on CCPD) without anatomical heart disease or history of receiving long-term hemodialysis. INTERVENTIONS Home blood pressure (BP) and office BP were measured using the Korotkoff sound technique by sphygmomanometer. ABPM was employed for continuous measurement of BP. Echocardiography was performed for measurement of cardiac parameters and calculation of LVMI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for independent determinant of LVH in PD patients. The differences in clinical and cardiovascular characteristics between CAPD and CCPD patients were compared. RESULTS Simple regression analysis showed positive correlations between LVMI and the duration of hypertension, ambulatory nighttime BP/BP load/BP load > 30%, serum phosphate, calcium-phosphate product, ultrafiltration (UF) volume, and percentage of UF volume during the nighttime. A negative correlation was noted between LVMI and dipping. In multiple regression analysis, the duration of hypertension was the only variable linked to LVMI. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only ambulatory nighttime systolic BP load > 30% had an independent association with LVH. There were correlations between office/home BP and ambulatory 24-hour BP. In addition, CCPD patients had higher LVMI, UF volume during the nighttime, and percentage of UF volume during the nighttime than those of CAPD patients. CONCLUSIONS In this study, ambulatory nighttime systolic BP load > 30% had an independent association with LVH. Office and home BP measurements were correlated with ABPM in PD patients. The result that CCPD patients had a higher LVMI than CAPD patients may be due to a relative volume overload during the daytime in CCPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common infectious pathogenic parasites and can cause severe medical complications in infants and immunocompromised individuals. We report here the development of a real-time PCR-based assay for the detection of T. gondii. Oligonucleotide primers and a fluorescence-labeled TaqMan probe were designed to amplify the T. gondii B1 gene. After 40 PCR cycles, the cycle threshold values (C(T)) indicative of the quantity of the target gene were determined. Typically, a C(T) of 25.09 was obtained with DNA from 500 tachyzoites of the T. gondii RH strain. The intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were 0.4, 0.16, 0.24, and 0.79% for the four sets of quadruplicate assays, with a mean interassay CV of 0.4%. These values indicate the reproducibility of this assay. Upon optimization of assay conditions, we were able to obtain a standard curve with a linear range (correlation coefficient = 0.9988) across at least 6 logs of DNA concentration. Hence, we were able to quantitatively detect as little as 0.05 T. gondii tachyzoite in an assay. When tested with 30 paraffin-embedded fetal tissue sections, 10 sections (33%) showed a C(T) of <40 and were scored as positive for this test. These results were consistent with those obtained through our nested-PCR control experiments. We have developed a rapid, sensitive, and quantitative real-time PCR for detection of T. gondii. The advantages of this technique for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in a clinical laboratory are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Lin
- School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
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49
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Shie JL, Chen ZY, O'Brien MJ, Pestell RG, Lee ME, Tseng CC. Role of gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor in colonic cell growth and differentiation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2000; 279:G806-14. [PMID: 11005769 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.4.g806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells differ from normal cells in many aspects, including hyperproliferation and loss of differentiation. Recent research has focused on the role of transcription factors in regulating abnormal cell growth. Gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor (GKLF) is a newly identified eukaryotic zinc finger protein expressed extensively in the gastrointestinal tract. In the current study, we demonstrated that GKLF mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the dysplastic epithelium of the colon, including adenomatous polyp and cancer. GKLF immunostains in the normal colon were higher at the surface epithelium and gradually decreased toward the crypt, but this gradient was not present in the adenomatous and cancerous mucosa. Constitutive overexpression of GKLF DNA in a human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) decreased [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, whereas suppression of GKLF gene increased DNA synthesis, indicating that downregulation of the GKLF gene might contribute to cellular hyperproliferation. Cyclin D1 (CD1) protein level and CD1-associated kinase activity were decreased in HT-29 cell overexpressed GKLF cDNA, and CD1 promoter activity was profoundly suppressed by GKLF. When HT-29 cells were cultured in the presence of sodium butyrate, GKLF mRNA levels increased as cells acquired more differentiated phenotypes. These results suggest that GKLF plays an important role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in the colonic epithelium and that downregulation of GKLF expression may cause colonic cells to become hyperproliferative. Furthermore, GKLF appears to be a transcriptional repressor of the CD1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Shie
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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Abstract
NSAID-associated dyspeptic symptoms are common and can be managed empirically with an H2-receptor antagonist or a proton-pump inhibitor. Treatment of established gastroduodenal ulcers is accomplished best by withholding the offending drugs. Proton-pump inhibitors appear to heal ulcers at the same rate whether or not NSAID therapy is continued. After the ulcer is healed and if NSAID therapy must be continued, prophylaxis is accomplished best by the concomitant use of proton-pump inhibitors, misoprostol (at least 200 micrograms 3 times a day), or a NSAID that preferentially inhibits COX-2. The future development of newer, safer NSAID preparations, including highly selective COX-2 inhibitors and nitric oxide-releasing NSAIDs, should provide better treatment options for the increasing number of individuals requiring anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tseng
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA
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