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Sun YC, Hsieh TL, Lin CI, Shao WY, Lin YH, Huang JR. A Few Charged Residues in Galectin-3's Folded and Disordered Regions Regulate Phase Separation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402570. [PMID: 39248370 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) often undergo phase separation to control their functions spatiotemporally. Changing the pH alters the protonation levels of charged sidechains, which in turn affects the attractive or repulsive force for phase separation. In a cell, the rupture of membrane-bound compartments, such as lysosomes, creates an abrupt change in pH. However, how proteins' phase separation reacts to different pH environments remains largely unexplored. Here, using extensive mutagenesis, NMR spectroscopy, and biophysical techniques, it is shown that the assembly of galectin-3, a widely studied lysosomal damage marker, is driven by cation-π interactions between positively charged residues in its folded domain with aromatic residues in the IDR in addition to π-π interaction between IDRs. It is also found that the sole two negatively charged residues in its IDR sense pH changes for tuning the condensation tendency. Also, these two residues may prevent this prion-like IDR domain from forming rapid and extensive aggregates. These results demonstrate how cation-π, π-π, and electrostatic interactions can regulate protein condensation between disordered and structured domains and highlight the importance of sparse negatively charged residues in prion-like IDRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chen Sun
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lun Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Shao
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Rong Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
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2
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Ferrari V, Tedesco B, Cozzi M, Chierichetti M, Casarotto E, Pramaggiore P, Cornaggia L, Mohamed A, Patelli G, Piccolella M, Cristofani R, Crippa V, Galbiati M, Poletti A, Rusmini P. Lysosome quality control in health and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:116. [PMID: 39237893 PMCID: PMC11378602 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are acidic organelles involved in crucial intracellular functions, including the degradation of organelles and protein, membrane repair, phagocytosis, endocytosis, and nutrient sensing. Given these key roles of lysosomes, maintaining their homeostasis is essential for cell viability. Thus, to preserve lysosome integrity and functionality, cells have developed a complex intracellular system, called lysosome quality control (LQC). Several stressors may affect the integrity of lysosomes, causing Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), in which membrane rupture results in the leakage of luminal hydrolase enzymes into the cytosol. After sensing the damage, LQC either activates lysosome repair, or induces the degradation of the ruptured lysosomes through autophagy. In addition, LQC stimulates the de novo biogenesis of functional lysosomes and lysosome exocytosis. Alterations in LQC give rise to deleterious consequences for cellular homeostasis. Specifically, the persistence of impaired lysosomes or the malfunctioning of lysosomal processes leads to cellular toxicity and death, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of different disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Recently, several pieces of evidence have underlined the importance of the role of lysosomes in NDs. In this review, we describe the elements of the LQC system, how they cooperate to maintain lysosome homeostasis, and their implication in the pathogenesis of different NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Pramaggiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cornaggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Ali Mohamed
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Patelli
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
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3
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Lozinski BM, Ta K, Dong Y. Emerging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2004-2009. [PMID: 38227529 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are key processes that mediate the development and progression of neurological diseases. However, the mechanisms modulating these processes in different diseases remain incompletely understood. Advances in single cell based multi-omic analyses have helped to identify distinct molecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Lgals3 encodes galectin-3 (Gal3), a β-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive microglia/macrophages in the CNS during various neurological diseases. While Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prominent regulator of inflammation and neuroaxonal damage in the CNS during diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. In this review, we summarize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that demonstrates its detrimental role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during different neurological diseases. We also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the human CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Lozinski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Khanh Ta
- Deparment of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Yifei Dong
- Deparment of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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4
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Sharma V, Sharma P, Singh TG. Mechanistic insights on TLR-4 mediated inflammatory pathway in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:679-692. [PMID: 38918327 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) pose a significant issue in healthcare, needing a thorough knowledge of their complex molecular mechanisms. A diverse set of cell signaling mediators and their interactions play critical roles in neuroinflammation. The release of pro-inflammatory mediators in response to neural dysfunction is detrimental to normal cell survival. Moreover, the important role of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the central nervous system through Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation has been well established. Therefore, through a comprehensive review of current research and experimentation, this investigation elucidates the interactions between novel pharmacological agents (TLR-4/NF-κB inhibitors) and neurodegeneration encompassing Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke. Insights garnered from this exploration underscore the potential of TLR-4 as a therapeutic target. Through the revelation of these insights, our aim is to establish a foundation for the development of enhanced and focused therapeutic approaches in the continuous endeavor to combat neurodegeneration. This review thus serves as a roadmap, guiding future research endeavors toward innovative strategies for combatting the complex interplay between TLR-4 signaling and NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerta Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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5
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Joe YE, Jun JH, Oh JE, Lee JR. Damage-associated molecular patterns as a mechanism of sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation in neonatal rodents. Korean J Anesthesiol 2024; 77:468-479. [PMID: 38556956 PMCID: PMC11294876 DOI: 10.4097/kja.23796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General anesthesia is inevitable for pediatric patients undergoing surgery, though volatile anesthetic agents may cause neuroinflammation and neurodevelopmental impairment; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the neuroinflammation mechanism in developing rat brains associated with sevoflurane exposure time, by identifying the specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) pathway and evaluating the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in alleviating neuroinflammation. METHODS A three-step experiment was conducted to investigate neuroinflammation induced by sevoflurane. First, the exposure time required for sevoflurane to cause neuroinflammation was determined. Next, the specific pathways of DAMPs involved in neuroinflammation by sevoflurane were identified. Finally, the effects of NSAIDs on sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation were investigated. The expression of various molecules in the rat brain were assessed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In total, 112 rats (aged 7 days) were used, of which six rats expired during the experiment (mortality rate, 5.3%). Expression of CD68, HMGB-1, galectin-3, TLR4, TLR9, and phosphorylated NF-κB was significantly increased upon 6 h of sevoflurane exposure. Conversely, transcriptional levels of TNF-α and IL-6 significantly increased and IFN-γ significantly decreased after 6 h of sevoflurane exposure. Co-administration of NSAIDs with sevoflurane anesthesia significantly attenuated TNF-α and IL-6 levels and restored IFN-γ levels. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 6 h of sevoflurane exposure induces neuroinflammation through the DAMPs pathway, HMGB-1, and galectin-3. Co-administration of ibuprofen reduced sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Joe
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Eun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Rim Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Doostparast Torshizi A, Truong DT, Hou L, Smets B, Whelan CD, Li S. Proteogenomic network analysis reveals dysregulated mechanisms and potential mediators in Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6430. [PMID: 39080267 PMCID: PMC11289099 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is highly heterogeneous across disease symptoms, clinical manifestations and progression trajectories, hampering the identification of therapeutic targets. Despite knowledge gleaned from genetics analysis, dysregulated proteome mechanisms stemming from genetic aberrations remain underexplored. In this study, we develop a three-phase system-level proteogenomic analytical framework to characterize disease-associated proteins and dysregulated mechanisms. Proteogenomic analysis identified 577 proteins that enrich for Parkinson's disease-related pathways, such as cytokine receptor interactions and lysosomal function. Converging lines of evidence identified nine proteins, including LGALS3, CSNK2A1, SMPD3, STX4, APOA2, PAFAH1B3, LDLR, HSPB1, BRK1, with potential roles in disease pathogenesis. This study leverages the largest population-scale proteomics dataset, the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, to characterize genetically-driven protein disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease. Taken together, our work contributes to better understanding of genome-proteome dynamics in Parkinson's disease and sets a paradigm to identify potential indirect mediators connected to GWAS signals for complex neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Doostparast Torshizi
- Population Analytics & Insights, AI/ML, Data Science & Digital Health, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA.
| | - Dongnhu T Truong
- Population Analytics & Insights, AI/ML, Data Science & Digital Health, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Liping Hou
- Population Analytics & Insights, AI/ML, Data Science & Digital Health, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Bart Smets
- Neuroscience Data Science, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Christopher D Whelan
- Neuroscience Data Science, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shuwei Li
- Population Analytics & Insights, AI/ML, Data Science & Digital Health, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
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7
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Grujcic M, Milovanovic M, Nedeljkovic J, Jovanovic D, Arsenijevic D, Solovjova N, Stankovic V, Tanaskovic I, Arsenijevic A, Milovanovic J. The Possible Effects of Galectin-3 on Mechanisms of Renal and Hepatocellular Injury Induced by Intravascular Hemolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8129. [PMID: 39125698 PMCID: PMC11311984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intravascular hemolysis is a central feature of congenital and acquired hemolytic anemias, complement disorders, infectious diseases, and toxemias. Massive and/or chronic hemolysis is followed by the induction of inflammation, very often with severe damage of organs, which enhances the morbidity and mortality of hemolytic diseases. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that modulates the functions of many immune cells, thus affecting inflammatory processes. Gal-3 is also one of the main regulators of fibrosis. The role of Gal-3 in the development of different kidney and liver diseases and the potential of therapeutic Gal-3 inhibition have been demonstrated. Therefore, the objective of this review is to discuss the possible effects of Gal-3 on the process of kidney and liver damage induced by intravascular hemolysis, as well as to shed light on the potential therapeutic targeting of Gal-3 in intravascular hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Grujcic
- Institute for Transfusiology and Hemobiology of Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Marija Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Nedeljkovic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Danijela Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Dragana Arsenijevic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natalija Solovjova
- Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Science, Cara Dušana 254, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vesna Stankovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Irena Tanaskovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Arsenijevic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.A.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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8
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Rivera-Ramos A, Cruz-Hernández L, Talaverón R, Sánchez-Montero MT, García-Revilla J, Mulero-Acevedo M, Deierborg T, Venero JL, Sarmiento Soto M. Galectin-3 depletion tames pro-tumoural microglia and restrains cancer cells growth. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216879. [PMID: 38636895 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a multifunctional protein that plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of various central nervous system diseases, including cancer. Although the involvement of Gal-3 in tumour progression, resistance to treatment and immunosuppression has long been studied in different cancer types, mainly outside the central nervous system, its elevated expression in myeloid and glial cells underscores its profound impact on the brain's immune response. In this context, microglia and infiltrating macrophages, the predominant non-cancerous cells within the tumour microenvironment, play critical roles in establishing an immunosuppressive milieu in diverse brain tumours. Through the utilisation of primary cell cultures and immortalised microglial cell lines, we have elucidated the central role of Gal-3 in promoting cancer cell migration, invasion, and an immunosuppressive microglial phenotypic activation. Furthermore, employing two distinct in vivo models encompassing primary (glioblastoma) and secondary brain tumours (breast cancer brain metastasis), our histological and transcriptomic analysis show that Gal-3 depletion triggers a robust pro-inflammatory response within the tumour microenvironment, notably based on interferon-related pathways. Interestingly, this response is prominently observed in tumour-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs), resulting in the suppression of cancer cells growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Rivera-Ramos
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis Cruz-Hernández
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Talaverón
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Teresa Sánchez-Montero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan García-Revilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marta Mulero-Acevedo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - José Luis Venero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Sarmiento Soto
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
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9
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Han T, Xu Y, Sun L, Hashimoto M, Wei J. Microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1241-1248. [PMID: 37905870 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging; they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration. Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, and Parkinson's disease. This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states. Therefore, inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Basic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
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10
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Memet O, Cao C, Hu H, Dun Y, Bao X, Liu F, Zhang L, Zhou J, Shen J. Galectin-3 inhibition ameliorates alveolar epithelial cell pyroptosis in phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111965. [PMID: 38583242 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Phosgene is a type of poisonous gas that can cause acute lung injury (ALI) upon accidental exposure. Casualties still occur due to phosgene-induced acute lung injury (P-ALI) from accidents resulting from improper operations. The pathological mechanisms of P-ALI are still understudied. Thus, we performed scRNA-seq on cells isolated from all subpopulations of the BALF in P-ALI and found that Gal3 expression was significantly higher in the gas group than in the control group. Further analysis revealed a ligand-receptor correspondence between alveolar macrophages (AMs) and alveolar epithelial cells (AEC), with Gal3 playing a key role in this interaction. To confirm and elaborate on this discovery, we selected four time points during the previous week: sham (day 0), day 1, day 3, and day 7 in the P-ALI mouse model and found that Gal3 expression was significantly elevated in P-ALI, most abundantly expressed in AM cells. This was further confirmed with the use of a Gal3 inhibitor. The inhibition of Gal3 and elimination of AMs in mice both attenuated epithelial cell pyroptosis, as confirmed in in vitro experiments, and revealed the Gal3/caspase-8/GSDMD signaling pathway. These findings suggest that Galectin-3 inhibition can ameliorate AEC pyroptosis by inhibiting the Gal3/caspase-8/GSDMD signaling pathway, thus reducing alveolar damage in mice with P-ALI. This finding provides novel insights for improving treatment efficacy for P-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obulkasim Memet
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Chao Cao
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Hanbing Hu
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yu Dun
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xuanrong Bao
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Fuli Liu
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China.
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11
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Chen IC, Chen WL, Chang KH, Lee JW, Lin TH, Lin W, Chen CM, Lee-Chen GJ. Investigating the therapeutic effects of novel compounds targeting inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 signaling pathways in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176370. [PMID: 38320719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
At least seven dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are caused by expansions of polyglutamine (polyQ)-encoding CAG repeat. The misfolded and aggregated polyQ-expanded proteins increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular toxicity, and neuroinflammation in the disease pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory potentials of coumarin derivatives LM-021, LMDS-1, LMDS-2, and pharmacological chaperone tafamidis using mouse BV-2 microglia and SCA3 ataxin-3 (ATXN3)/Q75-GFP SH-SY5Y cells. The four tested compounds displayed anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production, and CD68 antigen (CD68) and histocompatibility-2 (MHCII) expression in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated BV-2 microglia. In retinoic acid-differentiated ATXN3/Q75-GFP-expressing SH-SY5Y cells inflamed with LPS/IFN-γ-primed BV-2 conditioned medium, treatment with test compounds mitigated the increased caspase 1 activity and lactate dehydrogenase release, reduced ROS and ATXN3/Q75 aggregation, and promoted neurite outgrowth. Examination of IL-1β and IL-6-mediated signaling pathways revealed that LM-021, LMDS-1, LMDS-2, and tafamidis decreased NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase/c-Jun proto-oncogene (JNK/JUN), inhibitor of kappa B (IκBα)/P65, mitogen-activated protein kinase 14/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (P38/STAT1), and/or Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling. The study results suggest the potential of LM-021, LMDS-1, LMDS-2, and tafamidis in treating SCA3 and probable other polyQ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Cheng Chen
- High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Wei Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan.
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12
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Nouraeinejad A. The bidirectional links between coronavirus disease 2019 and Alzheimer's disease. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38451045 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2327403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be a critical disease, particularly in the elderly and those with comorbidities. Patients with Alzheimer's disease are more vulnerable to COVID-19 consequences. The latest results have indicated some common risk factors for both diseases. An understanding of the pathological link between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease will help develop timely strategies to treat both diseases. This review explores the bidirectional links between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nouraeinejad
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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13
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Yu C, Lad EM, Mathew R, Shiraki N, Littleton S, Chen Y, Hou J, Schlepckow K, Degan S, Chew L, Amason J, Kalnitsky J, Bowes Rickman C, Proia AD, Colonna M, Haass C, Saban DR. Microglia at sites of atrophy restrict the progression of retinal degeneration via galectin-3 and Trem2. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231011. [PMID: 38289348 PMCID: PMC10826045 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Outer retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are characterized by photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. In these blinding diseases, macrophages accumulate at atrophic sites, but their ontogeny and niche specialization remain poorly understood, especially in humans. We uncovered a unique profile of microglia, marked by galectin-3 upregulation, at atrophic sites in mouse models of retinal degeneration and human AMD. In disease models, conditional deletion of galectin-3 in microglia led to phagocytosis defects and consequent augmented photoreceptor death, RPE damage, and vision loss, indicating protective roles. Mechanistically, Trem2 signaling orchestrated microglial migration to atrophic sites and induced galectin-3 expression. Moreover, pharmacologic Trem2 agonization led to heightened protection but in a galectin-3-dependent manner. In elderly human subjects, we identified this highly conserved microglial population that expressed galectin-3 and Trem2. This population was significantly enriched in the macular RPE-choroid of AMD subjects. Collectively, our findings reveal a neuroprotective population of microglia and a potential therapeutic target for mitigating retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eleonora M. Lad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rose Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Shiraki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sejiro Littleton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jinchao Hou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kai Schlepckow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Degan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lindsey Chew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Amason
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joan Kalnitsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Bowes Rickman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alan D. Proia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Munich, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Metabolic Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel R. Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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14
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Shan L, Xu K, Ji L, Zeng Q, Liu Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Hu Q, Wu J, Xu Y, Luo Y, Li C, Wu C, Jiang C, Wang Z. Injured sensory neurons-derived galectin-3 contributes to neuropathic pain via programming microglia in the spinal dorsal horn. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:80-99. [PMID: 38190982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated spinal microglia play a critical role in central sensitization and contribute to chronic pain. Although several mediators that contribute to microglia activation have been identified, the mechanism of microglia activation and its functionally diversified mechanisms in pathological pain are still unclear. Here we report that injured sensory neurons-derived Galectin-3 (Gal3) activates and reprograms microglia in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and contributes to neuropathic pain. Firstly, Gal3 is predominantly expressed in the isolectin B4 (IB4)-positive non-peptidergic sensory neurons and significantly up-regulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and primary afferent terminals in SDH in the partial sciatic nerve ligation (pSNL)-induced neuropathic pain model. Gal3 knockout (Gal3 KO) mice showed a significant decrease in mechanical allodynia and Gal3 inhibitor TD-139 produced a significant anti-allodynia effect in the pSNL model. Furthermore, pSNL-induced microgliosis was compromised in Gal3 KO mice. Additionally, intrathecal injection of Gal3 produces remarkable mechanical allodynia by direct activation of microglia, which have enhanced inflammatory responses with TNF-α and IL-1β up-regulation. Thirdly, using single-nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), we identified that Gal3 targets microglia and induces reprogramming of microglia, which may contribute to neuropathic pain establishment. Finally, Gal3 enhances excitatory synaptic transmission in excitatory neurons in the SDH via microglia activation. Our findings reveal that injured sensory neurons-derived Gal3 programs microglia in the SDH and contribute to neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Shan
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kangtai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Luyao Ji
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qiaodan Hu
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuanfan Xu
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuhui Luo
- Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changlin Li
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaoran Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Changyu Jiang
- Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zilong Wang
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; SUSTech Center for Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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15
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Elliott W, Tsung AJ, Guda MR, Velpula KK. Galectin inhibitors and nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma multiforme. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:774-795. [PMID: 38455415 PMCID: PMC10915327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the gold standard of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment is unchanged and adjunctive therapy has offered little to prolong both quality and quantity of life. To improve pharmacotherapy for GBM, galectins are being studied provided their positive correlation with the malignancy and disease severity. Despite the use of galectin inhibitors and literature displaying the ability of the lectin proteins to decrease tumor burden and decrease mortality within various malignancies, galectin inhibitors have not been studied for GBM therapy. Interestingly, anti-galectin siRNA delivered in nanoparticle capsules, assisting in blood brain barrier penetrance, is well studied for GBM, and has demonstrated a remarkable ability to attenuate both galectin and tumor count. Provided that the two therapies have an analogous anti-galectin effect, it is hypothesized that galectin inhibitors encapsuled within nanoparticles will likely have a similar anti-galectin effect in GBM cells and further correlate to a repressed tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie Elliott
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J Tsung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
- Illinois Neurological InstitutePeoria, IL, USA
| | - Maheedhara R Guda
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
| | - Kiran K Velpula
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria, IL, USA
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16
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Han B, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Chen S, Xi W, Liu C, Zhou X, Yuan M, Yu X, Li L, Wang Y, Ren H, Xie J, Li B, Ju M, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Xiong Z, Shen L, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Chen J, Jiang W, Yao H. Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to characterize the molecular and cellular architecture of the ischemic mouse brain. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg1323. [PMID: 38324639 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is acknowledged as a pivotal pathological event after cerebral ischemia. However, there is limited knowledge of the molecular and spatial characteristics of nonneuronal cells, as well as of the interactions between cell types in the ischemic brain. Here, we used spatial transcriptomics to study the ischemic hemisphere in mice after stroke and sequenced the transcriptomes of 19,777 spots, allowing us to both visualize the transcriptional landscape within the tissue and identify gene expression profiles linked to specific histologic entities. Cell types identified by single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed and enriched the spatial annotation of ischemia-associated gene expression in the peri-infarct area of the ischemic hemisphere. Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions in cell communication revealed galectin-9 to cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 (LGALS9-CD44) as a critical signaling pathway after ischemic injury and identified microglia and macrophages as the main source of galectins after stroke. Extracellular vesicle-mediated Lgals9 delivery improved the long-term functional recovery in photothrombotic stroke mice. Knockdown of Cd44 partially reversed these therapeutic effects, inhibiting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. In summary, our study provides a detailed molecular and cellular characterization of the peri-infact area in a murine stroke model and revealed Lgals9 as potential treatment target that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shunheng Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sina Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Minzi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongli Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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17
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Quan W, Liu Y, Li J, Chen D, Xu J, Song J, Chen J, Sun S. Investigating the TLR4/TAK1/IRF7 axis in NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis in Parkinson's Disease. Inflammation 2024; 47:404-420. [PMID: 37930487 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In the realm of Parkinson's disease (PD) research, NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis has recently garnered significant attention as a potential novel form of dopaminergic neuronal death. Our previous research revealed the activation of innate immune-related genes, such as the TLR4 signaling pathway and interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), although the specific mechanism remains unclear. Our current study shed light on whether the TLR4 signaling pathway and IRF7 can affect the pyroptosis of dopaminergic nerve cells and thus participate in the pathogenesis of PD. The PD model was constructed by MPP+ treatment of PC12 cells or stereotactic injection of the striatum of SD rats, and the expression of genes were detected by RT-qPCR and Western Blotting. Lentivirus, siRNA and (5Z)-7-Oxozeaenol were used to validate the regulation of this pathway on pyroptosis. The expression of TLR4, TAK1, IRF7 and pyroptosis molecular markers was upregulated after MPP+ treatment. IRF7 could affect dopaminergic neural cells pyroptosis by targeted regulation of NLRP3. Furthermore, inhibition of the TLR4/TAK1 signaling pathway led to a decrease in the expression of both IRF7 and NLRP3, while overexpression of IRF7 reversed the reduction in pyroptosis and increase in TH expression. TLR4/TAK1/IRF7 axis can promote PD by influencing pyroptosis through NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Quan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Shilong Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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18
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Siew JJ, Chen HM, Chiu FL, Lee CW, Chang YM, Chen HL, Nguyen TNA, Liao HT, Liu M, Hagar HT, Sun YC, Lai HL, Kuo MH, Blum D, Buée L, Jin LW, Chen SY, Ko TM, Huang JR, Kuo HC, Liu FT, Chern Y. Galectin-3 aggravates microglial activation and tau transmission in tauopathy. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e165523. [PMID: 37988169 PMCID: PMC10786694 DOI: 10.1172/jci165523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques, aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau), and microglia activation. Galectin-3 (Gal3) is a β-galactoside-binding protein that has been implicated in amyloid pathology. Its role in tauopathy remains enigmatic. Here, we showed that Gal3 was upregulated in the microglia of humans and mice with tauopathy. pTau triggered the release of Gal3 from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia in both its free and extracellular vesicular-associated (EV-associated) forms. Both forms of Gal3 increased the accumulation of pathogenic tau in recipient cells. Binding of Gal3 to pTau greatly enhanced tau fibrillation. Besides Gal3, pTau was sorted into EVs for transmission. Moreover, pTau markedly enhanced the number of EVs released by iMGL in a Gal3-dependent manner, suggesting a role of Gal3 in biogenesis of EVs. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of the hippocampus of a mouse model of tauopathy (THY-Tau22) revealed a group of pathogenic tau-evoked, Gal3-associated microglia with altered cellular machineries implicated in neurodegeneration, including enhanced immune and inflammatory responses. Genetic removal of Gal3 in THY-Tau22 mice suppressed microglia activation, reduced the level of pTau and synaptic loss in neurons, and rescued memory impairment. Collectively, Gal3 is a potential therapeutic target for tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng-Lan Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mengyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Hsiao-Tien Hagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Yung-Chen Sun
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Min-Hao Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - Tai-Ming Ko
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Rong Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Xu Y, Gao W, Sun Y, Wu M. New insight on microglia activation in neurodegenerative diseases and therapeutics. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1308345. [PMID: 38188026 PMCID: PMC10770846 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1308345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS) closely linked to brain health and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In response to changes in the surrounding environment, microglia activate and change their state and function. Several factors, example for circadian rhythm disruption and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, influence microglia activation. In this review, we explore microglia's function and the associated neural mechanisms. We elucidate that circadian rhythms are essential factors influencing microglia activation and function. Circadian rhythm disruption affects microglia activation and, consequently, neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we found that abnormal microglia activation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases and an essential factor of disease development. Here we highlight the importance of microglia activation in neurodegenerative diseases. Targeting microglia for neurodegenerative disease treatment is a promising direction. We introduce the progress of methods targeting microglia for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and summarize the progress of drugs developed with microglia as targets, hoping to provide new ideas for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Xu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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20
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Khalaji A, Amirkhani N, Sharifkashani S, Behnoush AH. Role of galectin-3 as a biomarker in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2273-2282. [PMID: 37129844 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02842-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition, biomarkers for OSA would be very useful. Galectin-3 has gained attention as a marker for several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between circulating galectin-3 levels and OSA. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were explored to find the studies evaluating galectin-3 in OSA and controls, within different severities of OSA, or before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in cases with OSA. We used random-effect meta-analysis to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used assessment of the risk of bias in studies. RESULTS An initial search resulted in 289 results. After exclusion of duplicate studies, screening of titles/abstracts and assessments of full texts, six studies were included comprised of 987 cases with a mean age of 54.4 years. Meta-analysis showed that there were significantly higher galectin-3 circulating levels in patients with OSA than in healthy controls (SMD 0.80, 95% CI 0.30 to 1.31, p value < 0.01). Severe OSA was related to higher levels of galectin-3, in comparison to non-severe OSA (SMD 0.76, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.22, p value < 0.01). CPAP therapy also significantly reduced galectin-3 peripheral levels in patients with OSA (SMD - 3.55, 95% CI - 6.90 to - 0.20, p value = 0.04). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that Galectin-3 may have potential utility as a biomarker in patients with OSA. Further research is needed to demonstrate its role in pathophysiology, as well as its possible use in diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmohammad Khalaji
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikan Amirkhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Behnoush
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Mangano K, Petralia MC, Bella R, Pennisi M, Muñoz-Valle JF, Hernández-Bello J, Nicoletti F, Fagone P. Transcriptional upregulation of galectin-3 in multiple sclerosis. Immunol Res 2023; 71:950-958. [PMID: 37491623 PMCID: PMC10667405 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MS are still only partially elucidated. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding lectins that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses and have been shown to exert a role in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. There has been an increasing interest in the role of galectin-3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the current study, we have evaluated the expression levels of galectin-3 in different cellular populations involved in the etiopathogenesis of MS. We have observed dramatically higher transcriptomic levels of galectin-3 in encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells in a preclinical model of MS, the MOG-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Also, significantly higher levels of galectin-3 were found in microglial cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes isolated from the spinal cord of EAE mice, as well as in human MS-related white matter lesions. Modular co-expression analysis revealed that galectin-3 is co-expressed with genes involved in the regulation of microglia, cytokine production, and chemotaxis. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression of galectin-3 in MS, further strengthening its potential pathogenetic role in the etiopathogenesis of this CNS autoimmune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Institute for Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Institute for Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
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22
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Wu KJ, Wang WR, Cheng QH, Li H, Yan WZ, Zhou FR, Zhang RJ. Pyroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases: from bench to bedside. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2467-2499. [PMID: 37491594 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system regulates all aspects of physiology to some extent. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) lead to the progressive loss and dysfunction of neurons, which are particularly evident in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and many other conditions. NDDs are multifactorial diseases with complex pathogeneses, and there has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of NDDs. However, none of these diseases can be cured, making the development of novel treatment strategies an urgent necessity. Numerous studies have indicated how pyroptosis induces inflammation and affects many aspects of NDD. Therefore, components related to pyroptosis are potential therapeutic candidates and are attracting increasing attention. Here, we review the role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of NDDs and potential treatment options. Additionally, several of the current drugs and relevant inhibitors are discussed. Through this article, we provide theoretical support for exploring new therapeutic targets and updating clinical treatment strategies for NDDs. Notably, pyroptosis, a recently widely studied mode of cell death, is still under-researched compared to other traditional forms of cell death. Moreover, the focus of research has been on the onset and progression of NDDs, and the lack of organ-specific target discovery and drug development is a common problem for many basic studies. This urgent problem requires scientists and companies worldwide to collaborate in order to develop more effective drugs against NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Rong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Hui Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhen Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Ran Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Jie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Tanghe Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Steinberg N, Galleguillos D, Zaidi A, Horkey M, Sipione S. Naïve Huntington's disease microglia mount a normal response to inflammatory stimuli but display a partially impaired development of innate immune tolerance that can be counteracted by ganglioside GM1. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:276. [PMID: 37996924 PMCID: PMC10668379 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic activation and dysfunction of microglia have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease (HD). HD is a genetic condition caused by a mutation that affects the folding and function of huntingtin (HTT). Signs of microglia activation have been observed in HD patients even before the onset of symptoms. It is unclear, however, whether pro-inflammatory microglia activation in HD results from cell-autonomous expression of mutant HTT, is the response of microglia to a diseased brain environment, or both. In this study, we used primary microglia isolated from HD knock-in (Q140) and wild-type (Q7) mice to investigate their response to inflammatory conditions in vitro in the absence of confounding effects arising from brain pathology. We show that naïve Q140 microglia do not undergo spontaneous pro-inflammatory activation and respond to inflammatory triggers, including stimulation of TLR4 and TLR2 and exposure to necrotic cells, with similar kinetics of pro-inflammatory gene expression as wild-type microglia. Upon termination of the inflammatory insult, the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines is tapered off in Q140 and wild-type microglia with similar kinetics. However, the ability of Q140 microglia to develop tolerance in response to repeated inflammatory stimulations is partially impaired in vitro and in vivo, potentially contributing to the establishment of chronic neuroinflammation in HD. We further show that ganglioside GM1, a glycosphingolipid with anti-inflammatory effects on wild-type microglia, not only decreases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide in activated Q140 microglia, but also dramatically dampen microglia response to re-stimulation with LPS in an experimental model of tolerance. These effects are independent from the expression of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 3 (Irak-3), a strong modulator of LPS signaling involved in the development of innate immune tolerance and previously shown to be upregulated by immune cell treatment with gangliosides. Altogether, our data suggest that external triggers are required for HD microglia activation, but a cell-autonomous dysfunction that affects the ability of HD microglia to acquire tolerance might contribute to the establishment of neuroinflammation in HD. Administration of GM1 might be beneficial to attenuate chronic microglia activation and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Steinberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and Glycomics Institute of Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Danny Galleguillos
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and Glycomics Institute of Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Asifa Zaidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and Glycomics Institute of Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and Glycomics Institute of Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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24
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Fan Q, Wu YZ, Jia XX, A R, Liu CM, Zhang WW, Chao ZY, Zhou DH, Wang Y, Chen J, Xiao K, Chen C, Shi Q, Dong XP. Increased Gal-3 Mediates Microglia Activation and Neuroinflammation via the TREM2 Signaling Pathway in Prion Infection. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3772-3793. [PMID: 37769016 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin 3 (Gal-3) is one of the major elements for activating microglia and mediating neuroinflammation in some types of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its role in the pathogenesis of prion disease is seldom addressed. In this study, markedly increased brain Gal-3 was identified in three scrapie-infected rodent models at the terminal stage. The increased Gal-3 was mainly colocalized with the activated microglia. Coincidental with the increased brain Gal-3 in prion-infected animals, the expression of brain trigger receptor expressed in myeloid cell 2 (TREM2), one of the Gal-3 receptors, and some components in the downstream pathway also significantly increased, whereas Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), another Gal-3 receptor, and the main components in its downstream signaling were less changed. The increased Gal-3 signals were distributed at the areas with PrPSc deposit but looked not to colocalize directly with PrPSc/PrP signals. Similar changing profiles of Gal-3, the receptors TREM2 and TLR4, as well as the proteins in the downstream pathways were also observed in prion-infected cell line SMB-S15. Removal of PrPSc replication in SMB-S15 cells reversed the upregulation of cellular Gal-3, TREM2, and the relevant proteins. Moreover, we presented data for interactions of Gal-3 with TREM2 and with TLR4 morphologically and molecularly in the cultured cells. Stimulation of prion-infected cells or their normal partner cells with recombinant mouse Gal-3 in vitro induced obvious responses for activation of TREM2 signaling and TLR4 signaling. Our data here strongly indicate that prion infection or PrPSc deposit induces remarkably upregulated brain Gal-3, which is actively involved in the microglia activation and neuroinflammation mainly via TREM2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yue-Zhang Wu
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Jia
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ruhan A
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chu-Mou Liu
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210 China
| | - Zhi-Yue Chao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dong-Hua Zhou
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210 China
| | - Jia Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Cao Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qi Shi
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracing and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai 200032, China
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25
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Zhang Z, Shu X, Cao Q, Xu L, Wang Z, Li C, Xia S, Shao P, Bao X, Sun L, Xu Y, Xu Y. Compound from Magnolia officinalis Ameliorates White Matter Injury by Promoting Oligodendrocyte Maturation in Chronic Cerebral Ischemia Models. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1497-1511. [PMID: 37291477 PMCID: PMC10533772 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion leads to white matter injury (WMI), which subsequently causes neurodegeneration and even cognitive impairment. However, due to the lack of treatment specifically for WMI, novel recognized and effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. In this study, we found that honokiol and magnolol, two compounds derived from Magnolia officinalis, significantly facilitated the differentiation of primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes, with a more prominent effect of the former compound. Moreover, our results demonstrated that honokiol treatment improved myelin injury, induced mature oligodendrocyte protein expression, attenuated cognitive decline, promoted oligodendrocyte regeneration, and inhibited astrocytic activation in the bilateral carotid artery stenosis model. Mechanistically, honokiol increased the phosphorylation of serine/threonine kinase (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by activating cannabinoid receptor 1 during OPC differentiation. Collectively, our study indicates that honokiol might serve as a potential treatment for WMI in chronic cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lushan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zibu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chenggang Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Pengfei Shao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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26
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McLean DT, Meudt JJ, Lopez Rivera LD, Schomberg DT, Pavelec DM, Duellman TT, Buehler DG, Schwartz PB, Graham M, Lee LM, Graff KD, Reichert JL, Bon-Durant SS, Konsitzke CM, Ronnekleiv-Kelly SM, Shanmuganayagam D, Rubinstein CD. Single-cell RNA sequencing of neurofibromas reveals a tumor microenvironment favorable for neural regeneration and immune suppression in a neurofibromatosis type 1 porcine model. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1253659. [PMID: 37817770 PMCID: PMC10561395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1253659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common genetically inherited disorders that affects 1 in 3000 children annually. Clinical manifestations vary widely but nearly always include the development of cutaneous, plexiform and diffuse neurofibromas that are managed over many years. Recent single-cell transcriptomics profiling efforts of neurofibromas have begun to reveal cell signaling processes. However, the cell signaling networks in mature, non-cutaneous neurofibromas remain unexplored. Here, we present insights into the cellular composition and signaling within mature neurofibromas, contrasting with normal adjacent tissue, in a porcine model of NF1 using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis and histopathological characterization. These neurofibromas exhibited classic diffuse-type histologic morphology and expected patterns of S100, SOX10, GFAP, and CD34 immunohistochemistry. The porcine mature neurofibromas closely resemble human neurofibromas histologically and contain all known cellular components of their human counterparts. The scRNA-seq confirmed the presence of all expected cell types within these neurofibromas and identified novel populations of fibroblasts and immune cells, which may contribute to the tumor microenvironment by suppressing inflammation, promoting M2 macrophage polarization, increasing fibrosis, and driving the proliferation of Schwann cells. Notably, we identified tumor-associated IDO1 +/CD274+ (PD-L1) + dendritic cells, which represent the first such observation in any NF1 animal model and suggest the role of the upregulation of immune checkpoints in mature neurofibromas. Finally, we observed that cell types in the tumor microenvironment are poised to promote immune evasion, extracellular matrix reconstruction, and nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton T. McLean
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Molecular & Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer J. Meudt
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Loren D. Lopez Rivera
- Molecular & Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dominic T. Schomberg
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Derek M. Pavelec
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tyler T. Duellman
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Darya G. Buehler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Patrick B. Schwartz
- Molecular & Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Melissa Graham
- Research Animal Resources and Compliance (RARC), Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Laura M. Lee
- Research Animal Resources and Compliance (RARC), Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Keri D. Graff
- Swine Research and Teaching Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jamie L. Reichert
- Swine Research and Teaching Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sandra S. Bon-Durant
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Charles M. Konsitzke
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sean M. Ronnekleiv-Kelly
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam
- Molecular & Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Center for Biomedical Swine Research and Innovation, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - C. Dustin Rubinstein
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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27
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Gao C, Jiang J, Tan Y, Chen S. Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:359. [PMID: 37735487 PMCID: PMC10514343 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia activation is observed in various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advances in single-cell technologies have revealed that these reactive microglia were with high spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Some identified microglia in specific states correlate with pathological hallmarks and are associated with specific functions. Microglia both exert protective function by phagocytosing and clearing pathological protein aggregates and play detrimental roles due to excessive uptake of protein aggregates, which would lead to microglial phagocytic ability impairment, neuroinflammation, and eventually neurodegeneration. In addition, peripheral immune cells infiltration shapes microglia into a pro-inflammatory phenotype and accelerates disease progression. Microglia also act as a mobile vehicle to propagate protein aggregates. Extracellular vesicles released from microglia and autophagy impairment in microglia all contribute to pathological progression and neurodegeneration. Thus, enhancing microglial phagocytosis, reducing microglial-mediated neuroinflammation, inhibiting microglial exosome synthesis and secretion, and promoting microglial conversion into a protective phenotype are considered to be promising strategies for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we comprehensively review the biology of microglia and the roles of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies and Huntington's disease. We also summarize the possible microglia-targeted interventions and treatments against neurodegenerative diseases with preclinical and clinical evidence in cell experiments, animal studies, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- Lab for Translational Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), Shanghai Tech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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28
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Liu H, Zhang L, Liu Z, Lin J, He X, Wu S, Qin Y, Zhao C, Guo Y, Lin F. Galectin-3 as TREM2 upstream factor contributes to lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating macrophage polarization. iScience 2023; 26:107496. [PMID: 37636061 PMCID: PMC10448077 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a complex "aseptic" inflammatory response, macrophage play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of LIRI. Galectin-3 (Gal3), a lectin implicated inflammation, has received limited attention in LIRI. Studies have reported Gal3 as a ligand for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2) in macrophages in Alzheimer's disease. Hence, we established LIRI C57BL/6 mice model and hypoxia/glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to investigate the relationship among Gal3, TREM2, and macrophage polarization. Our result demonstrated inhibition of Gal3 significantly reduced M1-type macrophage polarization while markedly increased M2-type in LIRI. In addition, we observed colocalization of Gal3 and TREM2 in macrophages, inhibition of Gal3 could recover the downregulation of TREM2 induced by LIRI while promoting TREM2 expression could attenuate lung injury in LIRI. In summary, our findings suggest Gal3 as an upstream factor of TREM2, play a crucial role in LIRI by regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jinyuan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaojing He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Youyuan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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29
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Nouraeinejad A. The Link Between COVID-19 and Alzheimer Disease Through Neuroinflammation. Clin Med Res 2023; 21:119-121. [PMID: 37985172 PMCID: PMC10659131 DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2023.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nouraeinejad
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, UK, E-mail: , Orcid ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6964-9623
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30
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Zaborska B, Sikora-Frąc M, Smarż K, Pilichowska-Paszkiet E, Budaj A, Sitkiewicz D, Sygitowicz G. The Role of Galectin-3 in Heart Failure-The Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential-Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13111. [PMID: 37685918 PMCID: PMC10488150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an important factor in the pathophysiology of HF, mainly due to its role in cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and ventricular remodeling. Fibrosis is a hallmark of cardiac remodeling, HF, and atrial fibrillation development. This review aims to explore the involvement of Gal-3 in HF and its role in the pathogenesis and clinical diagnostic and prognostic significance. We report data on Gal-3 structure and molecular mechanisms of biological function crucial for HF development. Over the last decade, numerous studies have shown an association between echocardiographic and CMR biomarkers in HF and Gal-3 serum concentration. We discuss facts and concerns about Gal-3's utility in acute and chronic HF with preserved and reduced ejection fraction for diagnosis, prognosis, and risk stratification. Finally, we present attempts to use Gal-3 as a therapeutic target in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Zaborska
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Z.); (M.S.-F.); (E.P.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Sikora-Frąc
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Z.); (M.S.-F.); (E.P.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Krzysztof Smarż
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Z.); (M.S.-F.); (E.P.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Ewa Pilichowska-Paszkiet
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Z.); (M.S.-F.); (E.P.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Z.); (M.S.-F.); (E.P.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Dariusz Sitkiewicz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Grażyna Sygitowicz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (G.S.)
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31
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Bouffette S, Botez I, De Ceuninck F. Targeting galectin-3 in inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:519-531. [PMID: 37391294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Galectin (Gal)-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin emerging as a key player in cardiac, hepatic, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation, respiratory infections caused by COVID-19, and neuroinflammatory disorders. Here, we review recent information highlighting Gal-3 as a relevant therapeutic target in these specific disease conditions. While a causal link was difficult to establish until now, we discuss how recent strategic breakthroughs allowed us to identify new-generation Gal-3 inhibitors with improved potency, selectivity, and bioavailability, and report their usefulness as valuable tools for proof-of-concept studies in various preclinical models of the aforementioned diseases, with emphasis on those actually in clinical stages. We also address critical views and suggestions intended to expand the therapeutic opportunities provided by this complex target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Bouffette
- Servier, Neurology and Immuno-inflammation Therapeutic Area, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
| | - Iuliana Botez
- Servier, Drug Design Small Molecules Unit, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric De Ceuninck
- Servier, Neurology and Immuno-inflammation Therapeutic Area, Servier R&D Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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32
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Yu C, Lad EM, Mathew R, Littleton S, Chen Y, Schlepckow K, Degan S, Chew L, Amason J, Kalnitsky J, Rickman CB, Proia AD, Colonna M, Haass C, Saban DR. Microglia at Sites of Atrophy Restrict the Progression of Retinal Degeneration via Galectin-3 and Trem2 Interactions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.19.549403. [PMID: 37502831 PMCID: PMC10370087 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.549403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative diseases of the outer retina, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are characterized by atrophy of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In these blinding diseases, macrophages are known to accumulate ectopically at sites of atrophy, but their ontogeny and functional specialization within this atrophic niche remain poorly understood, especially in the human context. Here, we uncovered a transcriptionally unique profile of microglia, marked by galectin-3 upregulation, at atrophic sites in mouse models of retinal degeneration and in human AMD. Using disease models, we found that conditional deletion of galectin-3 in microglia led to defects in phagocytosis and consequent augmented photoreceptor death, RPE damage and vision loss, suggestive of a protective role. Mechanistically, Trem2 signaling orchestrated the migration of microglial cells to sites of atrophy, and there, induced galectin-3 expression. Moreover, pharmacologic Trem2 agonization led to heightened protection, but only in a galectin-3-dependent manner, further signifying the functional interdependence of these two molecules. Likewise in elderly human subjects, we identified a highly conserved population of microglia at the transcriptomic, protein and spatial levels, and this population was enriched in the macular region of postmortem AMD subjects. Collectively, our findings reveal an atrophy-associated specialization of microglia that restricts the progression of retinal degeneration in mice and further suggest that these protective microglia are conserved in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eleonora M Lad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rose Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sejiro Littleton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kai Schlepckow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich; 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Degan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lindsey Chew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua Amason
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joan Kalnitsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Catherine Bowes Rickman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University; Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alan D Proia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC 27546, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich; 81377 Munich, Germany
- Chair of Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy); 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine; Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University; Durham, NC 27710, USA
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33
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Chen Y, Ye X, Escames G, Lei W, Zhang X, Li M, Jing T, Yao Y, Qiu Z, Wang Z, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Yang Y. The NLRP3 inflammasome: contributions to inflammation-related diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:51. [PMID: 37370025 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that regulates innate immune responses by activating caspase-1 and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Multiple studies have demonstrated the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of immune and inflammation-related diseases, including arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. This review first explains the activation and regulatory mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Secondly, we focus on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in various inflammation-related diseases. Finally, we look forward to new methods for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to treat inflammation-related diseases, and provide new ideas for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingyan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Germaine Escames
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, Spain
- Ibs. Granada and CIBERfes, Granada, Spain
- UGC of Clinical Laboratories, University San Cecilio's Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Wangrui Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Tong Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenye Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, Spain.
- Ibs. Granada and CIBERfes, Granada, Spain.
- UGC of Clinical Laboratories, University San Cecilio's Hospital, Granada, Spain.
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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34
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Lepre CC, Russo M, Trotta MC, Petrillo F, D'Agostino FA, Gaudino G, D'Amico G, Campitiello MR, Crisci E, Nicoletti M, Gesualdo C, Simonelli F, D'Amico M, Hermenean A, Rossi S. Inhibition of Galectins and the P2X7 Purinergic Receptor as a Therapeutic Approach in the Neurovascular Inflammation of Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119721. [PMID: 37298672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most frequent microvascular retinal complication of diabetic patients, contributing to loss of vision. Recently, retinal neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration have emerged as key players in DR progression, and therefore, this review examines the neuroinflammatory molecular basis of DR. We focus on four important aspects of retinal neuroinflammation: (i) the exacerbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; (ii) the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome; (iii) the role of galectins; and (iv) the activation of purinergic 2X7 receptor (P2X7R). Moreover, this review proposes the selective inhibition of galectins and the P2X7R as a potential pharmacological approach to prevent the progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Claudia Lepre
- "Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310144 Arad, Romania
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrillo
- Ph.D. Course in Translational Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Anna D'Agostino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Gaudino
- School of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rosaria Campitiello
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, ASL Salerno, 84124 Salerno, Italy
| | - Erminia Crisci
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anca Hermenean
- "Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310144 Arad, Romania
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
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Zheng L, Xia J, Ge P, Meng Y, Li W, Li M, Wang M, Song C, Fan Y, Zhou Y. The interrelation of galectins and autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110336. [PMID: 37262957 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a vital physiological process that maintains intracellular homeostasis by removing damaged organelles and senescent or misfolded molecules. However, excessive autophagy results in cell death and apoptosis, which will lead to a variety of diseases. Galectins are a type of animal lectin that binds to β-galactosides and can bind to the cell surface or extracellular matrix glycans, affecting a variety of immune processes in vivo and being linked to the development of many diseases. In many cases, galectins and autophagy both play important regulatory roles in the cellular life course, yet our understanding of the relationship between them is still incomplete. Galectins and autophagy may share common etiological cofactors for some diseases. Hence, we summarize the relationship between galectins and autophagy, aiming to draw attention to the existence of multiple associations between galectins and autophagy in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, which provide new ideas for etiological diagnosis, drug development, and therapeutic targets for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Jing Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Pengyu Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yuhan Meng
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Weili Li
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Mingming Li
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Chengcheng Song
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yuying Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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Weng IC, Chen HL, Lin WH, Liu FT. Sialylation of cell surface glycoconjugates modulates cytosolic galectin-mediated responses upon organelle damage : Minireview. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:295-303. [PMID: 37052731 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Sialylation is an important terminal modification of glycoconjugates that mediate diverse functions in physiology and disease. In this review we focus on how altered cell surface sialylation status is sensed by cytosolic galectins when the integrity of intracellular vesicles or organelles is compromised to expose luminal glycans to the cytosolic milieu, and how this impacts galectin-mediated cellular responses. In addition, we discuss the roles of mammalian sialidases on the cell surface, in the organelle lumen and cytosol, and raise the possibility that intracellular glycan processing may be critical in controlling various galectin-mediated responses when cells encounter stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chun Weng
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lin Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Thapa P, Upadhyay SP, Singh V, Boinpelly VC, Zhou J, Johnson DK, Gurung P, Lee ES, Sharma R, Sharma M. Chalcone: A potential scaffold for NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY REPORTS 2023; 7:100100. [PMID: 37033416 PMCID: PMC10081147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmcr.2022.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Overactivated NLRP3 inflammasome has been shown to associate with an increasing number of disease conditions. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in caspase-1-catalyzed formation of active pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) resulting in pyroptosis. The multi-protein composition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its sensitivity to several damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) make this extensively studied inflammasome an attractive target to treat chronic conditions. However, none of the known NLRP3 inhibitors has been approved for clinical use. Sulfonylurea and covalent inhibitors with electrophilic warhead (Michael acceptor) are among the prominent classes of compounds explored for their NLRP3 inhibitory effects. Chalcone, a small molecule with α, β unsaturated carbonyl group (Michael acceptor), has also been studied as a promising scaffold for the development of NLRP3 inhibitors. Low molecular weight, easy to manipulate lipophilicity and cost-effectiveness have attracted many to use chalcone scaffold for drug development. In this review, we highlight chalcone derivatives with NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitory activities. Recent developments and potential new directions summarized here will, hopefully, serve as valuable perspectives for investigators including medicinal chemists and drug discovery researchers to utilize chalcone as a scaffold for developing novel NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Thapa
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Sunil P. Upadhyay
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Vikas Singh
- Division of Neurology, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Varun C. Boinpelly
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - David K. Johnson
- Department of Computational Chemical Biology Core, Molecular Graphics and Modeling Core, University of Kansas, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Prajwal Gurung
- Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Eung Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ram Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Mukut Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Siew JJ, Chern Y, Khoo KH, Angata T. Roles of Siglecs in neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101141. [PMID: 36089405 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are resident myeloid cells in the central nervous system (CNS) with a unique developmental origin, playing essential roles in developing and maintaining the CNS environment. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, through the modulation of neuroinflammation. Several members of the Siglec family of sialic acid recognition proteins are expressed on microglia. Since the discovery of the genetic association between a polymorphism in the CD33 gene and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, significant efforts have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the association between the polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, recent studies have revealed additional potential associations between Siglecs and Alzheimer's disease, implying that the reduced signal from inhibitory Siglec may have an overall protective effect in lowering the disease risk. Evidences suggesting the involvement of Siglecs in other neurodegenerative diseases are also emerging. These findings could help us predict the roles of Siglecs in other neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about the functionally relevant Siglec ligands in the brain, which represents a new frontier. Understanding how microglial Siglecs and their ligands in CNS contribute to the regulation of CNS homeostasis and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases may provide us with a new avenue for disease prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jing Siew
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zou Y, Zheng WB, Elsheikha HM, He JJ, Lu YX, Wang S, Guo A, Zhu XQ. Modulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the liver of Beagle dogs by Toxocara canis infection. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:114. [PMID: 36991462 PMCID: PMC10057693 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of lncRNAs and mRNAs in mediating the liver response during Toxocara canis infection remains incompletely understood. METHODS In the present study, the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs was investigated in the liver of Beagle dogs infected by T. canis using high-throughput RNA sequencing. RESULTS Compared with the control groups, 876 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 288 DEmRNAs were identified at 12 h post-infection (hpi), 906 DElncRNAs and 261 DEmRNAs were identified at 24 hpi, and 876 DElncRNAs and 302 DEmRNAs were identified at 36 days post-infection (dpi). A total of 16 DEmRNAs (e.g. dpp4, crp and gnas) were commonly identified at the three infection stages. Enrichment and co-localization analyses identified several pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses during T. canis infection. Some novel DElncRNAs, such as LNC_015756, LNC_011050 and LNC_011052, were also associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Also, LNC_005105 and LNC_005401 were associated with the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may play a role in the healing of liver pathology at the late stage of infection. CONCLUSIONS Our data provided new insight into the regulatory roles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the pathogenesis of T. canis and improved our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs and mRNAs to the immune and inflammatory response of the liver during T. canis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Jun-Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Higher Education of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xin Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Higher Education of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Chiarini A, Gui L, Viviani C, Armato U, Dal Prà I. NLRP3 Inflammasome’s Activation in Acute and Chronic Brain Diseases—An Update on Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives with Respect to Other Inflammasomes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11040999. [PMID: 37189617 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11040999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasingly prevalent acute and chronic human brain diseases are scourges for the elderly. Besides the lack of therapies, these ailments share a neuroinflammation that is triggered/sustained by different innate immunity-related protein oligomers called inflammasomes. Relevant neuroinflammation players such as microglia/monocytes typically exhibit a strong NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Hence the idea that NLRP3 suppression might solve neurodegenerative ailments. Here we review the recent Literature about this topic. First, we update conditions and mechanisms, including RNAs, extracellular vesicles/exosomes, endogenous compounds, and ethnic/pharmacological agents/extracts regulating NLRP3 function. Second, we pinpoint NLRP3-activating mechanisms and known NLRP3 inhibition effects in acute (ischemia, stroke, hemorrhage), chronic (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, MS, ALS), and virus-induced (Zika, SARS-CoV-2, and others) human brain diseases. The available data show that (i) disease-specific divergent mechanisms activate the (mainly animal) brains NLRP3; (ii) no evidence proves that NLRP3 inhibition modifies human brain diseases (yet ad hoc trials are ongoing); and (iii) no findings exclude that concurrently activated other-than-NLRP3 inflammasomes might functionally replace the inhibited NLRP3. Finally, we highlight that among the causes of the persistent lack of therapies are the species difference problem in disease models and a preference for symptomatic over etiologic therapeutic approaches. Therefore, we posit that human neural cell-based disease models could drive etiological, pathogenetic, and therapeutic advances, including NLRP3’s and other inflammasomes’ regulation, while minimizing failure risks in candidate drug trials.
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Su S, Chen G, Gao M, Zhong G, Zhang Z, Wei D, Luo X, Wang Q. Kai-Xin-San protects against mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease through SIRT3/NLRP3 pathway. Chin Med 2023; 18:26. [PMID: 36918872 PMCID: PMC10012453 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been reported to have a good curative impact on dementia. The purpose of the study was to determine whether KXS might ameliorate cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice and to evaluate its neuroprotective mechanism. METHODS APP/PS1 mice were employed as an AD animal model; Aβ1-42 and KXS-containing serum were used in HT22 cells. Four different behavioral tests were used to determine the cognitive ability of mice. Nissl staining was utilized to detect hippocampal neuron changes. ROS, SOD, and MDA were used to detect oxidative stress levels. Transmission electron microscopy and Western blot were used to evaluate mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial division, and fusion state. Western blotting and immunofluorescence identified PSD95, BDNF, NGF, SYN, SIRT3, and NLRP3 inflammasome levels. RESULTS The results indicated that KXS protected APP/PS1 mice against cognitive impairments. KXS suppressed neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress among APP/PS1 mice. KXS and KXS-containing serum improved mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic and neurotrophic factors regarding APP/PS1 mice. In addition, KXS and KXS-containing serum enhanced mitochondrial SIRT3 expression and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome expression in APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSION KXS improves cognitive dysfunction among APP/PS1 mice via regulating SIRT3-mediated neuronal cell apoptosis. These results suggested that KXS was proposed as a neuroprotective agent for AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShiJie Su
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongcan Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghuang Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangcheng Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zerong Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyun Wei
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Mechanistic Insights into the Role of OPN in Mediating Brain Damage via Triggering Lysosomal Damage in Microglia/Macrophage. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060854. [PMID: 36980197 PMCID: PMC10046941 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found that osteopontin (OPN) played a role in hypoxia–ischemia (HI) brain damage. However, its underlying mechanism is still unknown. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the OPN protein was linked to the lysosomal cathepsin B (CTSB) and galectin-3 (GAL-3) proteins after HI exposure. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that OPN was able to play a critical role in the lysosomal damage of microglia/macrophages following HI insult in neonatal mice. The results showed that OPN expression was enhanced, especially in microglia/macrophages, and colocalized with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and GAL-3; this was accompanied by increased LAMP1 and GAL-3 expression, CTSB leakage, as well as impairment of autophagic flux in the early stage of the HI process. In addition, the knockdown of OPN expression markedly restored lysosomal function with significant improvements in the autophagic flux after HI insult. Interestingly, cleavage of OPN was observed in the ipsilateral cortex following HI. The wild-type OPN and C-terminal OPN (Leu152-Asn294), rather than N-terminal OPN (Met1-Gly151), interacted with GAL-3 to induce lysosomal damage. Furthermore, the secreted OPN stimulated lysosomal damage by binding to CD44 in microglia in vitro. Collectively, this study demonstrated that upregulated OPN in microglia/macrophages and its cleavage product was able to interact with GAL-3, and secreted OPN combined with CD44, leading to lysosomal damage and exacerbating autophagosome accumulation after HI exposure.
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Pitts KM, Margeta MA. Myeloid masquerade: Microglial transcriptional signatures in retinal development and disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1106547. [PMID: 36779012 PMCID: PMC9909491 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are dynamic guardians of neural tissue and the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). The disease-associated microglial signature (DAM), also known as the microglial neurodegenerative phenotype (MGnD), has gained significant attention in recent years as a fundamental microglial response common to various neurodegenerative disease pathologies. Interestingly, this signature shares many features in common with developmental microglia, suggesting the existence of recycled gene programs which play a role both in early neural circuit formation as well as in response to aging and disease. In addition, recent advances in single cell RNA sequencing have revealed significant heterogeneity within the original DAM signature, with contributions from both yolk sac-derived microglia as well as bone marrow-derived macrophages. In this review, we examine the role of the DAM signature in retinal development and disease, highlighting crosstalk between resident microglia and infiltrating monocytes which may critically contribute to the underlying mechanisms of age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Pitts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass, Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Milica A. Margeta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass, Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
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Parthasarathy G, Pattison MB, Midkiff CC. The FGF/FGFR system in the microglial neuroinflammation with Borrelia burgdorferi: likely intersectionality with other neurological conditions. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 36650549 PMCID: PMC9847051 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme neuroborreliosis, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS, PNS). The CNS manifestations, especially at later stages, can mimic/cause many other neurological conditions including psychiatric disorders, dementia, and others, with a likely neuroinflammatory basis. The pathogenic mechanisms associated with Lyme neuroborreliosis, however, are not fully understood. METHODS In this study, using cultures of primary rhesus microglia, we explored the roles of several fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in neuroinflammation associated with live B. burgdorferi exposure. FGFR specific siRNA and inhibitors, custom antibody arrays, ELISAs, immunofluorescence and microscopy were used to comprehensively analyze the roles of these molecules in microglial neuroinflammation due to B. burgdorferi. RESULTS FGFR1-3 expressions were upregulated in microglia in response to B. burgdorferi. Inhibition of FGFR 1, 2 and 3 signaling using siRNA and three different inhibitors showed that FGFR signaling is proinflammatory in response to the Lyme disease bacterium. FGFR1 activation also contributed to non-viable B. burgdorferi mediated neuroinflammation. Analysis of the B. burgdorferi conditioned microglial medium by a custom antibody array showed that several FGFs are induced by the live bacterium including FGF6, FGF10 and FGF12, which in turn induce IL-6 and/or CXCL8, indicating a proinflammatory nature. To our knowledge, this is also the first-ever described role for FGF6 and FGF12 in CNS neuroinflammation. FGF23 upregulation, in addition, was observed in response to the Lyme disease bacterium. B. burgdorferi exposure also downregulated many FGFs including FGF 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16, 20 and 21. Some of the upregulated FGFs have been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) or dementia development, while the downregulated ones have been demonstrated to have protective roles in epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, blood-brain barrier stability, and others. CONCLUSIONS In this study we show that FGFRs and FGFs are novel inducers of inflammatory mediators in Lyme neuroborreliosis. It is likely that an unresolved, long-term (neuro)-Lyme infection can contribute to the development of other neurologic conditions in susceptible individuals either by augmenting pathogenic FGFs or by suppressing ameliorative FGFs or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Parthasarathy
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Room 109, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
| | - Melissa B Pattison
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Cecily C Midkiff
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
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Abstract
The galectin family consists of carbohydrate (glycan) binding proteins that are expressed by a wide variety of cells and bind to galactose-containing glycans. Galectins can be located in the nucleus or the cytoplasm, or can be secreted into the extracellular space. They can modulate innate and adaptive immune cells by binding to glycans on the surface of immune cells or intracellularly via carbohydrate-dependent or carbohydrate-independent interactions. Galectins expressed by immune cells can also participate in host responses to infection by directly binding to microorganisms or by modulating antimicrobial functions such as autophagy. Here we explore the diverse ways in which galectins have been shown to impact immunity and discuss the opportunities and challenges in the field.
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Golzari-Sorkheh M, Weaver DF, Reed MA. COVID-19 as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:1-23. [PMID: 36314211 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although a primarily respiratory disease, recent reports indicate that it also affects the central nervous system (CNS). Over 25% of COVID-19 patients report neurological symptoms such as memory loss, anosmia, hyposmia, confusion, and headaches. The neurological outcomes may be a result of viral entry into the CNS and/or resulting neuroinflammation, both of which underlie an elevated risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we ask: Is COVID-19 a risk factor for AD? To answer, we identify the literature and review mechanisms by which COVID-19-mediated neuroinflammation can contribute to the development of AD, evaluate the effects of acute versus chronic phases of infection, and lastly, discuss potential therapeutics to address the rising rates of COVID-19 neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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47
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Hsu HM, Yang YY, Huang YH, Chu CH, Tu TJ, Wu YT, Chiang CJ, Yang SB, Hsu DK, Liu FT, Tai JH. Distinct features of the host-parasite interactions between nonadherent and adherent Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011016. [PMID: 36595499 PMCID: PMC9810166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoadherence of Trichomonas vaginalis to human vaginal epithelial cells (hVECs) was previously shown to involve surface lipoglycans and several reputed adhesins on the parasite. Herein, we report some new observations on the host-parasite interactions of adherent versus nonadherent T. vaginalis isolates to hVECs. The binding of the TH17 adherent isolate to hVECs exhibited an initial discrete phase followed by an aggregation phase inhibited by lactose. T. vaginalis infection immediately induced surface expression of galectin-1 and -3, with extracellular amounts in the spent medium initially decreasing and then increasing thereafter over the next 60 min. Extracellular galectin-1 and -3 were detected on the parasite surface but only the TH17 adherent isolate could uptake galectin-3 via the lysosomes. Only the adherent isolate could morphologically transform from the round-up flagellate with numerous transient protrusions into a flat amoeboid form on contact with the solid surface. Cytochalasin D challenge revealed that actin organization was essential to parasite morphogenesis and cytoadherence. Real-time microscopy showed that parasite exploring and anchoring on hVECs via the axostyle may be required for initial cytoadherence. Together, the parasite cytoskeleton behaviors may collaborate with cell surface adhesion molecules for cytoadherence. The nonadherent isolate migrated faster than the adherent isolate, with motility transiently increasing in the presence of hVECs. Meanwhile, differential histone acetylation was detected between the two isolates. Also, TH17 without Mycoplasma symbiosis suggests that symbiont might not determine TH17 innate cytoadherence. Our findings regarding distinctive host-parasite interactions of the isolates may provide novel insights into T. vaginalis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ming Hsu
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yen-Yu Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsin Chu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jui Tu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Wu
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- High School Talent Student in Life Science Project at Academia Sinica and Taipei Municipal Chenggong High School, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Jen Chiang
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- High School Talent Student in Life Science Project at Academia Sinica and Taipei Municipal Chenggong High School, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Bing Yang
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniel K. Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Jung-Hsiang Tai
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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48
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Effect of Heat Stress on Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Insights into the Cellular and Molecular Basis of Neuroinflammation-Induced Deficits. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:1-13. [PMID: 34767143 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress is known to result in neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, and disabilities in learning and memory in animals and humans. It has previously been reported that cognitive impairment caused by neuroinflammation may at least in part be mediated by defective hippocampal neurogenesis, and defective neurogenesis has been linked to aberrantly activated microglial cells. Moreover, the release of cytokines within the brain has been shown to contribute to the disruption of cognitive functions in several conditions following neuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize evolving evidence for the current understanding of inflammation-induced deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis, and the resulting behavioral impairments after heat stress. Furthermore, we provide valuable insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation-induced deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis, particularly relating to cognitive dysfunction following heat stress. Lastly, we aim to identify potential mechanisms through which neuroinflammation induces cognitive dysfunction, and elucidate how neuroinflammation contributes to defective hippocampal neurogenesis. This review may therefore help to better understand the relationship between hippocampal neurogenesis and heat stress.
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49
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Panda C, Mahapatra RK. Bi-Directional Relationship Between Autophagy and Inflammasomes in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:115-137. [PMID: 35066716 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system, as the first line of cellular defense, triggers a protective response called inflammation when encountered with invading pathogens. Inflammasome is a multi-protein cytosolic signaling complex that induces inflammation and is critical for inflammation-induced pyroptotic cell death. Inflammasome activation has been found associated with neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Autophagy is a crucial intracellular quality control and homeostasis process which removes the dysfunctional organelles, damaged proteins, and pathogens by sequestering the cytosolic components in a double-membrane vesicle, which eventually fuses with lysosome resulting in cargo degradation. Autophagy disruption has been observed in many NDs presented with persistent neuroinflammation and excessive inflammasome activation. An interplay between inflammation activation and the autophagy process has been realized over the last decade. In the case of NDs, autophagy regulates neuroinflammation load and cellular damage either by engulfing the misfolded protein deposits, dysfunctional mitochondria, or the inflammasome complex itself. A healthy two-way regulation between both cellular processes has been realized for cell survival and cell defense during inflammatory conditions. Therefore, clinical interest in the modulation of inflammasome activation by autophagy inducers is rapidly growing. In this review, we discuss the structural basis of inflammasome activation and the mechanistic ideas of the autophagy process in NDs. Along with comments on multiple ways of neuroinflammation regulation by microglial autophagy, we also present a perspective on pharmacological opportunities in this molecular interplay pertaining to NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Panda
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Rajani Kanta Mahapatra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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50
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Raas Q, Tawbeh A, Tahri-Joutey M, Gondcaille C, Keime C, Kaiser R, Trompier D, Nasser B, Leoni V, Bellanger E, Boussand M, Hamon Y, Benani A, Di Cara F, Truntzer C, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Andreoletti P, Savary S. Peroxisomal defects in microglial cells induce a disease-associated microglial signature. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1170313. [PMID: 37138705 PMCID: PMC10149961 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1170313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells ensure essential roles in brain homeostasis. In pathological condition, microglia adopt a common signature, called disease-associated microglial (DAM) signature, characterized by the loss of homeostatic genes and the induction of disease-associated genes. In X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), the most common peroxisomal disease, microglial defect has been shown to precede myelin degradation and may actively contribute to the neurodegenerative process. We previously established BV-2 microglial cell models bearing mutations in peroxisomal genes that recapitulate some of the hallmarks of the peroxisomal β-oxidation defects such as very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation. In these cell lines, we used RNA-sequencing and identified large-scale reprogramming for genes involved in lipid metabolism, immune response, cell signaling, lysosome and autophagy, as well as a DAM-like signature. We highlighted cholesterol accumulation in plasma membranes and observed autophagy patterns in the cell mutants. We confirmed the upregulation or downregulation at the protein level for a few selected genes that mostly corroborated our observations and clearly demonstrated increased expression and secretion of DAM proteins in the BV-2 mutant cells. In conclusion, the peroxisomal defects in microglial cells not only impact on VLCFA metabolism but also force microglial cells to adopt a pathological phenotype likely representing a key contributor to the pathogenesis of peroxisomal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Raas
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Ali Tawbeh
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri-Joutey
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | | | - Céline Keime
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Romain Kaiser
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Emma Bellanger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Maud Boussand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Hamon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center–Unicancer, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Savary
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- *Correspondence: Stéphane Savary,
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